Infuriated

In*fu"ri*a`ted (?), a. Enraged; furious.

Infuscate

In*fus"cate (?), v. t. [L. infuscatus, p. p. of infuscare; pref. in- in + fuscare to make dark, fr. fuscus dark.] To darken; to make black; to obscure.

Infuscated

In*fus"ca*ted (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Darkened with a blackish tinge.

Infuscation

In`fus*ca"tion (?), n. The act of darkening, or state of being dark; darkness; obscurity. Johnson.

Infuse

In*fuse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Infused (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Infusing.] [L. infusus, p.p. of infundere to pour in or into; pref. in- in + fundere to pour: cf. F. infuser. See Found to cast.]

1. To pour in, as a liquid; to pour (into or upon); to shed.

That strong Circean liquor cease to infuse. Denham.

2. To instill, as principles or qualities; to introduce.

That souls of animals infuse themselves Into the trunks of men. Shak.
Why should he desire to have qualities infused into his son which himself never possessd? Swift.

3. To inspire; to inspirit or animate; to fill; -- followed by with.

Infuse his breast with magnanimity. Shak.
Infusing him with self and vain conceit. Shak.

4. To steep in water or other fluid without boiling, for the propose of extracting medicinal qualities; to soak.

One scruple of dried leaves is infused in ten ounces of warm water. Coxe.

5. To make an infusion with, as an ingredient; to tincture; to saturate. [R.] Bacon.

Infuse

In*fuse, n. Infusion. [Obs.] Spenser.

Infuser

In*fus"er (?), n. One who, or that which, infuses.

Infusibility

In*fu`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. [From Infuse.] Capability of being infused, pouredin, or instilled.

Infusibility

In*fu`si*bil"i*ty, n. [Pref. in- not + fusibility: cf. F. infusibilit\'82.] Incapability or difficulty of being fused, melted, or dissolved; as, the infusibility of carbon.

Infusible

In*fu"si*ble (?), a. [From Infuse, v.] Capable of being infused.
Doctrines being infusible into all. Hammond.

Infusible

In*fu"si*ble, a. [Pref. in- not + fusible: cf. F. infusible.] Not fusible; incapble or difficalt of fusion, or of being dissolved or melted. Sir T. Browne.
The best crucibles are made of Limoges earth, which seems absolutely infusible. Lavoisier (Trans. ).

Infusibleness

In*fu"si*ble*ness, n. Infusibility.

Infusion

In*fu"sion (?), n. [L. infusio a pouring in: cf. F. infusion. See Infuse, v. t.]

1. The act of infusing, pouring in, or instilling; instillation; as, the infusion of good principles into the mind; the infusion of ardor or zeal.

Our language has received innumerable elegancies and improvements from that infusion of Hebraisms. Addison.

2. That which is infused; suggestion; inspiration.

His folly and his wisdom are of his oun growth, not the echo or infusion of other men. Swift.

3. The act of plunging or dipping into a fluid; immersion. [Obs.] "Baptism by infusion." Jortin.

4. (Pharmacy) (a) The act or process of steeping or soaking any substance in water in order to extract its virtues. (b) The liquid extract obtained by this process.

Sips meek infusion of a milder herb. Cowper.

Infusionism

In*fu"sion*ism (?), n. The doctrine that the soul is preexistent to the body, and is infused into it at conception or birth; -- opposed to tradicianism and creationism.

Infusive

In*fu"sive (?), a. Having the power of infusion; inspiring; influencing.
The infusive force of Spirit on man. Thomson.

Infusoria

In`fu*so"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL.; -- so called because found in infusions which are left exposed to the air for a time. See Infuse.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the classes of Protozoa, including a large number of species, all of minute size. &hand; They are found in all seas, lakes, ponds, and streams, as well as in infusions of organic matter exposed to the air. They are distinguished by having vibrating lashes or cilia, with which they obtain their food and swim about.They are devided into the orders Flagellata, Ciliata, and Tentaculifera. See these words in the Vocabulary. Formely the term Infusoria was applied to all microscopic organisms found in water, including many minute plants, belonging to the diatoms, as well as minute animals belonging to various classes, as the Rotifera, which are worms; and the Rhizopoda, which constitute a distinct class of Protozoa. Fossil Infusoria are mostly the siliceous shells of diatoms; sometimes they are siliceous skeletons of Radiolaria, or the calcareous shells of Foraminifera.

Infusorial

In`fu*so"ri*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Infusoria; composed of, or containing, Infusoria; as, infusorial earth. Infusorial earth (Geol.), a deposit of fine, usually white, siliceous material, composed mainly of the shells of the microscopic plants called diatoms. It is used in polishing powder, and in the manufacture of dynamite.<-- = kieselguhr -->

Infusorian

In`fu*so"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Infusoria.

Infusory

In*fu"so*ry (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Infusorial.

Infusory

In*fu"so*ry (?), n.; pl. Infusories (. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Infusoria; -- usually in the pl.

-ing

-ing (?).

1. [For OE. -and, -end, -ind, AS. -ende; akin to Goth. -and-, L. -ant-, -ent-, Gr. A suffix used to from present participles; as, singing, playing.

2. [OE. -ing, AS. -ing, -ung.] A suffix used to form nouns from verbs, and signifying the act of; the result of the act; as, riding, dying, feeling. It has also a secondary collective force; as, shipping, clothing. &hand; The Old English ending of the present participle and verbal noun became confused, both becoming -ing.

3. [AS. -ing.] A suffix formerly used to form diminutives; as, lording, farthing.

Ing

Ing (?), n. [AS. ing.] A pasture or meadow; generally one lying low, near a river. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Ingannation

In`gan*na"tion (?), n. [LL. ingannare to decieve.] Cheat; deception. [Obs.] Sir T. Brown.

Ingate

In"gate` (, n.

1. Entrance; ingress. [Obs.]

Which hath in charge the ingate of the year. Spenser.

2. (Fonding) The aperture in a mold for pouring in the metal; the gate. Simmonds.

Ingathering

In"gath`er*ing (?), n. The act or business of gathering or collecting anything; especially, the gathering of the fruits of the earth; harvest.
Thou shalt keep . . . the feast of ingathering. Ex. xxii. 16.

Ingelable

In*gel"a*ble (?), a. Not congealable.

Ingeminate

In*gem"i*nate (?), a. [L. ingeminatus, p. p.] Redoubled; repeated. Jer. Taylor.

Ingeminate

In*gem"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ingeminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ingeminating (?).] [L. ingeminatus, p. p. of ingeminare to double; pref. in- in + geminare. See Geminate.] To redouble or repeat; to reiterate. Clarendon.
. . . She yet ingeminates The last of sounds, and what she hears relates. Sandys.

Ingemination

In*gem`i*na"tion (?), n. Repetition; reduplication; reiteration. De Quincey.
That Sacred ingemination, Amen, Amen. Featley.
Happiness with an echo or ingemination. Holdsworth.

Ingena

In*ge"na (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The gorilla.

Ingender

In*gen"der (?), v. t. See Engender.

Ingenerabillty

In*gen`er*a*bil"l*ty (?), n. Incapacity of being engendered or produced. Cudworth.

Ingenerable

In*gen"er*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + generable: cf. F. ingenerable.] Incapble of being engendered or produced; original. Holland.

Ingenerably

In*gen"er*a*bly, adv. In an ingenerable manner.

Ingenerate

In*gen"er*ate (?), a. [L. ingeneratus, p. p. of ingenerare. See engender] Generated within; inborn; innate; as, ingenerate powers of body. W. Wotton.
Those virtues were rather feigned and affected . . . than true qualities ingenerate in his judgment. Bacon.

Ingenerate

In*gen"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ingenerat (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ingenerating (?).] To generate or produce within; to begete; to engener; to occasion; to cause. Mede.
Those noble habits are ingenerated in the soul. Sir M. Hale.

Ingeneration

In*gen`er*a"tion (?), n. Act of ingenerating.

Ingeniate

In*ge"ni*ate (?), v. t. & i. [See Ingenious.] To invent; to contrive. [Obs.] Daniel.

Ingenie

In"ge*nie (?), n. [Obs.] See Ingeny.

Ingeniosity

In*ge`ni*os"i*ty (?), n. [LL. ingeniositas.] Ingenuity; skill; cunning. [Obs.] Cudworth.

Ingenious

In*gen"ious (?), a. [L. ingeniosus, fr. ingenium innate or natural quality, natural capacity, genius: cf. F. ing\'82nieux. See Engine.]

1. Possessed of genius, or the faculty of invention; skillful or promp to invent; having an aptitude to contrive, or to form new combinations; as, an ingenious author, mechanic.

A man . . . very wise and ingenious in feats of war. Hakluyt.
Thou, king, send out For torturers ingenious. Shak.
The more ingenious men are, the more apt are they to trouble themselves. Sir W. Temple.

2. Proseeding from, pertaining to, or characterized by, genius or ingenuity; of curious design, structure, or mechanism; as, an ingenious model, or machine; an ingenious scheme, contrivance, etc.

Thus men go wrong with an ingenious skill. Cowper.

3. Witty; shrewd; adroit; keen; sagacious; as, an ingenious reply.

4. Mental; intellectual. [Obs.]

A course of learning and ingenious studies. Shak.

Ingeniously

In*gen"ious*ly (?), adv. In an ingenious manner; with ingenuity; skillfully; wittily; cleverly.
"Too ingeniously politic." Sir W. Temple.

Ingeniousness

In*gen"ious*ness, n. The quality or state of being ingenious; ingenuity.

Ingenite Ingenit

In*gen"ite In*gen"it (?), a. [L. ingenitus, p. p. of ingignere to instill by birthor nature; pref. in- + gignere to beget.] Innate; inborn; inbred; inherent; native; ingenerate. [Obs.]
It is naturalor ingenite, which comes by some defect of the organs and overmuch brain. Burton.

Ingenuity

In`ge*nu"i*ty (?), n. [L. ingenuitas ingenuousness: cf. F. ing\'82nuit\'82. See Ingenuous.]

1. The quality or power of ready invention; quickness or acuteness in forming new combinations; ingeniousness; skill in devising or combining.

All the means which human ingenuity has contrived. Blair.

2. Curiousness, or cleverness in design or contrivance; as, the ingenuity of a plan, or of mechanism.

He gives . . . To artist ingenuity and skill. Cowper.

3. Openness of heat; ingeniuousness. [Obs.]

The stings and remores of natural ingenuity, a principle that men scarcely ever shake off, as long as they carry anything of human nature about them. South.
Syn. -- Inventiveness; ingeniousness; skill; cunning; cleverness; genius. -- Ingenuity, Cleverness. Ingenuity is a form of genius, and cleverness of talent. The former implies invention, the letter a peculiar dexterity and readiness of execution. Sir James Mackintosh remarks that the English overdo in the use of the word clever and cleverness, applying them loosely to almost every form of intellectual ability.

Ingenuous

In*gen"u*ous (?), a. [L. ingenuus inborn, innate, freeborn, noble, frank; pref. in- in + the root of gignere to beget. See Genius, and cf. Ingenious.]

1. Of honorable extraction; freeborn; noble; as, ingenuous blood of birth.

2. Noble; generous; magnanimous; honorable; uprigth; high-minded; as, an ingenuous ardor or zeal.

If an ingenuous detestation of falsehood be but carefully and early instilled, that is the true and genuin method to obviate dishonesty. Locke.

3. Free from reserve, disguise, equivocation, or dissimulation; open; frank; sa, an ingenuous man; an ingenuous declaration, confession, etc.

Sensible in myself . . . what a burden it is for me, who would be ingenuous, to be loaded with courtesies which he hath not the least hope to requite or deserve. Fuller.

4. Ingenious. [Obs.] Shak. &hand; (Formerly) printers did not discriminate between . . . ingenuous and ingenious, and these words were used or rather printed interchangeably almost to the begining of the eighteenth century. G. P. Marsh. Syn. -- Open; frank; unreserved; artless; plain; sincere; candid; fair; noble; generous. -- Ingenuous, Open, Frank. One who is open speaks out at once what is uppermost in his mind; one who is frank does it from a natural boldness, or dislike of self-restraint; one who is ingenuous is actuated by a native simplicity and artlessness, which make him willing to confess faults, and make known his sentiments without reserve. See Candid.

Ingenuously

In*gen"u*ous*ly, adv. In an ingenuous manner; openly; fairly; candidly; artlessly.
Being required to explane himself, he ingeniously confessed. Ludlow.

Ingenuousness

In*gen"u*ous*ness, n.

1. The state or quality of being ingenuous; openness of heart; frankness.

2. Ingenuity. [Obs.] Fuller.

Ingeny

In"ge*ny (?), n. [L. ingenium. See Ingenious.] Natural gift or talent; ability; wit; ingenuity. [Obs.] [Written also ingenie.] Becon.

Ingerminate

In*ger"mi*nate (?), v. t. To cause to germinate.

Ingest

In*gest" (?), v. t. [L. ingenium, p. p. of ingerere to put in; pref. in- in + gerere to bear.] To take into, or as into, the stomach or alimentary canal. Sir T. Browne.

Ingesta

In*ges"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Ingest.] (Physiol.) That which is introduced into the body by the stomach or alimentary canal; -- opposed to egesta.

Ingestion

In*ges"tion (?), n. [L. ingestio: cf. F. ingestion.] (Physiol.) The act of taking or putting into the stomach; as, the ingestion of milk or other food.

Inghalla

In*ghal"la (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The reedbuck of South Africa. [Written also ingali.]

Ingirt

In*girt" (?), v. t. [See Ingirt.] To encircle to gird; to engirt.
The wreath is ivy that ingirts our beams. Drayton.

Ingirt

In*girt", a. Surrounded; encircled. Fenton.

Ingle

In"gle (?), n. [Gael. & Ir. aingeali fire; cf. L. igniculusi spark, dim. of ignis fire. Cf. Ignite.] Flame; blaze; a fire; a fireplace. [Obs. or Scot.] Burns. Ingle nock, the chimney corner. -- Ingle side, Ingle cheek, the fireside.

Ingle

In"gle, n. [Written also engle, enghle: cf. Gael. & Ir. aingeal an angel. Cf. Engle.] A paramour; a favourite; a sweetheart; an engle. [Obs.] Toone.
Page 763

Ingle

In"gle (?), v. t. To cajole or coax; to wheedle. See Engle. [Obs.]

Inglobate

In*glo"bate (?), a. In the form of a globe or sphere; -- applied to nebulous matter collected into a sphere by the force of gravitation.

Inglobe

In*globe" (?), v. t. To infix, as in a globe; to fix or secure firmly. [Obs.] Milton.

Inglorious

In*glo"ri*ous (?), a. [L. inglorious; pref. in- not + gloria glory, fame: cf. F. inglorieux. See Glory.]

1. Not glorious; not bringing honor or glory; not accompanied with fame, honor, or celebrity; obscure; humble; as, an inglorious life of ease. Shak.

My next desire is, void of care and strife, To lead a soft, secure, inglorious life. Dryden.
Some mute inglorious Milton here may rest. Gray.

2. Shameful; disgraceful; ignominious; as, inglorious flight, defeat, etc.

Inglorious shelter in an alien land. J. Philips.

Ingloriously

In*glo"ri*ous*ly, adv. In an inglorious manner; dishonorably; with shame; ignominiously; obscurely.

Ingloriousness

In*glo"ri*ous*ness, n. The state of being inglorious.

Inglut

In*glut" (?), v. t. To glut. [R.] Ascham.

Ingluvial

In*glu"vi*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the indulges or crop of birds.

Ingluvies

In*glu"vi*es (?), n. [L.] (Anat.) The crop, or craw, of birds.

Ingluvious

In*glu"vi*ous (?), a. Gluttonous. [Obs.] Blount.

In-going

In"-go`ing (?), n. The act of going in; entrance.

In-going

In"-go`ing, a. Going; entering, as upon an office or a possession; as, an in-going tenant.

Ingorge

In*gorge" (?), v. t. & i. See Engorge. Milton.

Ingot

In"got (?), n. [Prob. from AS. in in + ge\'a2tan to pour: cf. F. linglot, LL. lingotus a mass of gold or silver, extended in the manner of a tongue, and G. einguss, LG. & OE. ingot ingot, a mold for casting metals in. See Found to cast, and cf. Linget, Lingot, Nugget.]

1. That in which metal is cast; a mold. [Obs.]

And from the fire he took up his matter And in the ingot put it with merry cheer. Chaucer.

2. A bar or wedge of steel, gold, or other malleable metal, cast in a mold; a mass of unwrought cast metal.

Wrought ingots from Besoara's mine. Sir W. Jones.
Ingot mold, a box or mold in which ingots are cast. -- Ingot iron. See Decarbonized steel, under Decarbonize.

Ingrace

In*grace" (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in + grace.] To ingratiate. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

Ingracious

In*gra"cious (?), a. [Pref. in- not + gracious.] Ungracious; unkind. [Obs.] Holland.

Ingraff

In*graff" (?), v. t. See Ingraft. [Obs.]

Ingraft

In*graft" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ingrafted; p. pr. & vb. n. Ingrafting.] [Written also engraft.]

1. To insert, as a scion of one tree, shrub, or plant in another for propagation; as, to ingraft a peach scion on a plum tree; figuratively, to insert or introduce in such a way as to make a part of something.

This fellow would ingraft a foreign name Upon our stock. Dryden.
A custom . . . ingrafted into the monarchy of Rome. Burke.

2. To subject to the process of grafting; to furnish with grafts or scions; to graft; as, to ingraft a tree.

Ingrafter

In*graft"er (?), n. A person who ingrafts.

Ingraftment

In*graft"ment (?), n.

1. The act of ingrafting.

2. The thing ingrafted; a scion.

Ingrain

In"grain` (?; 277), a. [Pref. in- in + grain kermes. See Engrain, Grain.]

1. Dyed with grain, or kermes. [Obs.]

2. Dyed before manufacture, -- said of the material of a textile fabric; hence, in general, thoroughly inwrought; forming an essential part of the substance. Ingrain carpet, a double or two-ply carpet. -- Triple ingrain carpet, a three-ply carpet.

Ingrain

In"grain`, n. An ingrain fabric, as a carpet.

Ingrain

In"grain` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ingrained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ingraining.] [Written also engrain.]

1. To dye with or in grain or kermes.

2. To dye in the grain, or before manufacture.

3. To work into the natural texture or into the mental or moral constitution of; to stain; to saturate; to imbue; to infix deeply.

Our fields ingrained with blood. Daniel.
Cruelty and jealousy seem to be ingrained in a man who has these vices at all. Helps.

Ingrapple

In*grap"ple (?), v. t. & i. To seize; to clutch; to grapple. [Obs.] Drayton.

Ingrate

In"grate` (?; 277), a. [L. ingratus. See Ingrateful.] Ingrateful. [Obs. or Poetic] Bacon.

Ingrate

In"grate`, n. An ungrateful person. Milton.

Ingrateful

In"grate`ful (?), a. [L. ingratus ingrateful (pref. in- not + gratus beloved, dear, grateful) + -ful: cf. F. ingrat. See Grateful.]

1. Ungrateful; thankless; unappreciative. Milton.

He proved extremely false and ingrateful to me. Atterbury.

2. Unpleasing to the sense; distasteful; offensive.

He gives . . . no ingrateful food. Milton.
-- In"grate`ful*ly, adv. -- In"grate`ful*ness, n.

Ingrately

In"grate`ly (?), adv. Ungratefully. [Obs.]

Ingratiate

In*gra"ti*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ingratiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ingratiating (?).] [Pref. in- in + L. gratia. See Grace.]

1. To introduce or commend to the favor of another; to bring into favor; to insinuate; -- used reflexively, and followed by with before the person whose favor is sought.

Lysimachus . . . ingratiated himself both with Philip and his pupil. Budgell.

2. To recommend; to render easy or agreeable; -- followed by to. [Obs.] Dr. J. Scott.

What difficulty would it [the love of Christ] not ingratiate to us? Hammond.

Ingratiate

In*gra"ti*ate, v. i. To gain favor. [R.] Sir W. Temple.

Ingratitude

In*grat"i*tude (?), n. [F. ingratitude, L. ingratitudo. See Ingrate.] Want of gratitude; insensibility to, forgetfulness of, or ill return for, kindness or favors received; unthankfulness; ungratefulness.
Ingratitude, thou marble-hearted fiend. Shak.
Ingratitude is abhorred both by God and man. L'Estrange.

Ingrave

In*grave" (?), v. t. To engrave. [R.] "Whose gleaming rind ingrav'n." Tennyson.

Ingrave

In*grave", v. t. [Pref. in- in + grave. Cf. Engrave.] To bury. [Obs.] Heywood.

Ingravidate

In*grav"i*date (?), v. t. [L. ingravidatus, p. p. of ingravidare to impregnate. See 1st In-, and Gravidated.] To impregnate. [Obs.] Fuller.

Ingravidation

In*grav`i*da"tion (?), n. The state of being pregnant or impregnated. [Obs.]

Ingreat

In*great" (?), v. t. To make great; to enlarge; to magnify. [Obs.] Fotherby.

Ingredience, Ingrediency

In*gre"di*ence (?), In*gre"di*en*cy (?), n. [See Ingredient.]

1. Entrance; ingress. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

2. The quality or state of being an ingredient or component part. Boyle.

Ingredient

In*gre"di*ent (?), n. [F. ingr\'82dient, L. ingrediens, -entis, entering into, p. pr. of ingredi, p. p. ingressus, to go into, to enter; pref. in- in + gradi to walk, go. See Grade.] That which enters into a compound, or is a component part of any combination or mixture; an element; a constituent.
By way of analysis we may proceed from compounds to ingredients. Sir I. Newton.
Water is the chief ingredient in all the animal fluids and solids. Arbuthnot.

Ingredient

In*gre"di*ent, a. Entering as, or forming, an ingredient or component part.
Acts where no sin is ingredient. Jer. Taylor.

Ingress

In"gress (?), n. [L. ingressus, fr. ingredi. See Ingredient.]

1. The act of entering; entrance; as, the ingress of air into the lungs.

2. Power or liberty of entrance or access; means of entering; as, all ingress was prohibited.

3. (Astron.) The entrance of the moon into the shadow of the earth in eclipses, the sun's entrance into a sign, etc.

Ingress

In"gress (?), v. i. To go in; to enter. [R.]

Ingression

In*gres"sion (?), n. [L. ingressio: cf. F. ingression.] Act of entering; entrance. Sir K. Digby.

Ingrieve

In*grieve (?), v. t. To render more grievous; to aggravate. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

Ingroove

In*groove" (?), v. t. To groove in; to join in or with a groove. Tennyson.

Ingross

In*gross" (?), v. t. See Engross.

Ingrowing

In"grow`ing (?), a. Growing or appearing to grow into some other substance. Ingrowing nail, one whose edges are becoming imbedded in the adjacent flesh.

Ingrowth

In"growth` (?), n. A growth or development inward. J. LeConte.

Inguen

In"guen (?), n. [L. inguen, inguinis.] (Anat.) The groin.

Inguilty

In*guilt"y (?), a. Not guilty. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Inguinal

In"gui*nal (?), a. [L. inguinalis, fr. inguen, inguinis, the groin: cf. F. inguinal.] (Astron. & Med.) Of or pertaining to, or in the region of, the inguen or groin; as, an inguinal canal or ligament; inguinal hernia. Inguinal ring. See Abdominal ring, under Abdominal.

Ingulf

In*gulf" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ingulfed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ingulfing.] [Cf. Engulf.] [Written also engulf.] To swallow up or overwhelm in, or as in, a gulf; to cast into a gulf. See Engulf.
A river large . . . Passed underneath ingulfed. Milton.

Ingulfment

In*gulf"ment (?), n. The act of ingulfing, or the state of being ingulfed.

Ingurgitate

In*gur"gi*tate (?), v. t. [L. ingurgitatus, p. p. of ingurgitare to pour in; pref. in- in + gurges whirlpool, gulf.]

1. To swallow, devour, or drink greedily or in large quantity; to guzzle. Cleveland.

2. To swallow up, as in a gulf. Fotherby.

Ingurgitate

In*gur"gi*tate, v. i. To guzzle; to swill. Burton.

Ingurgitation

In*gur`gi*ta"tion (?), n. [L. ingurgitatio: cf. F. ingurgitation.] The act of swallowing greedily or immoderately; that which is so swallowed. E. Darwin.
He drowned his stomach and senses with a large draught and ingurgitation of wine. Bacon.

Ingustable

In*gust"a*ble (?), a. [L. ingustabilis. See Gustable.] Tasteless; insipid. Sir T. Browne.

Inhabile

In*hab"ile (?), a. [L. inhabilis: cf. F. inhabile. See In- not, and Habile, and cf. Unable.]

1. Not apt or fit; unfit; not convenient; inappropriate; unsuitable; as, inhabile matter. [Obs.]

2. Unskilled; unready; awkward; incompetent; unqualified; -- said of person. [Obs.] See Unable.

Inhability

In`ha*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. inhabilet\'82, inhabilit\'82. See Inability.] Unsuitableness; unaptness; unfitness; inability. [Obs.] Barrow.

Inhabit

In*hab"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inhabited; p. pr. & vb. n. Inhabiting.] [OE. enhabiten, OF. enhabiter, L. inhabitare; pref. in- in + habitare to dwell. See Habit.] To live or dwell in; to occupy, as a place of settled residence; as, wild beasts inhabit the forest; men inhabit cities and houses.
The high and lofty One, that inhabiteth eternity. Is. lvii. 15.
O, who would inhabit This bleak world alone? Moore.

Inhabit

In*hab"it, v. i. To have residence in a place; to dwell; to live; to abide. [Archaic or Poetic] Shak.
They say wild beasts inhabit here. Waller.

Inhabitable

In*hab"it*a*ble (?), a. [L. inhabitabilis. See Inhabit.] Capable of being inhabited; habitable.
Systems of inhabitable planets. Locke.

Inhabitable

In*hab"it*a*ble, a. [L. inhabitabilis: cf. F. inhabitable. See In- not, and Habitable.] Not habitable; not suitable to be inhabited. [Obs.]
The frozen ridges of the Alps Or other ground inhabitable. Shak.

Inhabitance, Inhabitancy

In*hab"it*ance (?), In*hab"it*an*cy (?), n.

1. The act of inhabiting, or the state of being inhabited; the condition of an inhabitant; residence; occupancy.

Ruins yet resting in the wild moors testify a former inhabitance. Carew.

2. (Law) The state of having legal right to claim the privileges of a recognized inhabitant; especially, the right to support in case of poverty, acquired by residence in a town; habitancy.

Inhabitant

In*hab"it*ant (?), n. [L. inhabitans, -antis, p. pr. of inhabitare.]

1. One who dwells or resides permanently in a place, as distinguished from a transient lodger or visitor; as, an inhabitant of a house, a town, a city, county, or state. "Frail inhabitants of earth." Cowper.

In this place, they report that they saw inhabitants which were very fair and fat people. Abp. Abbot.

2. (Law) One who has a legal settlement in a town, city, or parish; a permanent resident.

Inhabitate

In*hab"i*tate (?), v. t. To inhabit. [Obs.]

Inhabitation

In*hab`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. inhabitatio a dwelling.]

1. The act of inhabiting, or the state of being inhabited; indwelling.

The inhabitation of the Holy Ghost. Bp. Pearson.

2. Abode; place of dwelling; residence. [Obs.] Milton.

3. Population; inhabitants. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

The beginning of nations and of the world's inhabitation. Sir W. Raleigh.

Inhabitativeness

In*hab"it*a*tive*ness (?), n. (Phrenol.) A tendency or propensity to permanent residence in a place or abode; love of home and country.

Inhabited

In*hab"it*ed, a. Uninhabited. [Obs.] Brathwait.

Inhabiter

In*hab"it*er (?), n. An inhabitant. [R.] Derham.

Inhabitiveness

In*hab"it*ive*ness (?), n. (Phrenol.) See Inhabitativeness.
What the phrenologists call inhabitiveness. Lowell.

Inhabitress

In*hab"it*ress, n. A female inhabitant. [R.]

Inhalant

In*hal"ant (?), a. [Cf. F. inhalant.] Inhaling; used for inhaling.

Inhalant

In*hal"ant (?), n. An apparatus also called an inhaler (which see); that which is to be inhaled.

Inhalation

In`ha*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. inhalation.] The act of inhaling; also, that which is inhaled.

Inhale

In*hale" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inhaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inhaling.] [L. inhalare to breathe upon; pref. in- in + halare to breathe: cf. F. inhaler. Cf. Exhale.] To breathe or draw into the lungs; to inspire; as, to inhale air; -- opposed to exhale.
Martin was walking forth to inhale the fresh breeze of the evening. Arbuthnot.

Inhalent

In*hal"ent (?), a. Used for inhaling; as, the inhalent end of a duct. Dana.

Inhaler

In*hal"er (?), n.

1. One who inhales.

2. An apparatus for inhaling any vapor or volatile substance, as ether or chloroform, for medicinal purposes.

3. A contrivance to filter, as air, in order to protect the lungs from inhaling damp or cold air, noxious gases, dust, etc.; also, the respiratory apparatus for divers.

Inhance

In*hance" (?), v. t. See Enhance.

Inharmonic, Inharmonical

In`har*mon"ic (?), In`har*mon"ic*al (?), a. Not harmonic; inharmonious; discordant; dissonant.

Inharmonious

In`har*mo"ni*ous (?), a. [Pref. in- not + harmonious: cf. F. inharmonieux.]

1. Not harmonious; unmusical; discordant; dissonant.

Sounds inharmonious in themselves and harsh. Cowper.

2. Conflicting; jarring; not in harmony.

Inharmoniously

In`har*mo"ni*ous*ly, adv. Without harmony.

Inharmoniousness

In`har*mo"ni*ous*ness, n. The quality of being inharmonious; want of harmony; discord.
The inharmoniousness of a verse. A. Tucker.

Inharmony

In*har"mo*ny (?), n. Want of harmony.

Inhaul, Inhauler

In"haul` (?), In"haul`er (?), n. (Naut.) A rope used to draw in the jib boom, or flying jib boom.

Inhearse

In*hearse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inhearsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inhearsing.] To put in, or as in, a hearse or coffin. Shak.

Inhere

In*here" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Inhered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inhering.] [L. inhaerere; pref. in- in + haerere to stick, hang. See Hesitate.] To be inherent; to stick (in); to be fixed or permanently incorporated with something; to cleave (to); to belong, as attributes or qualities.
They do but inhere in the subject that supports them. Digby.

Inherence, Inherency

In*her"ence (?), In*her"en*cy (?), n. [Cf. F. inh\'82rence.] The state of inhering; permanent existence in something; innateness; inseparable and essential connection. Jer. Taylor.

Inherent

In*her"ent (?), a. [L. inhaerens, -entis, p. pr. of inhaerere: cf. F. inh\'82rent. See Inhere.] Permanently existing in something; inseparably attached or connected; naturally pertaining to; innate; inalienable; as, polarity is an inherent quality of the magnet; the inherent right of men to life, liberty, and protection. "A most inherent baseness." Shak.
The sore disease which seems inherent in civilization. Southey.
Syn. -- Innate; inborn; native; natural; inbred; inwrought; inseparable; essential; indispensable.

Inherently

In*her"ent*ly, adv. By inherence; inseparably.
Matter hath inherently and essentially such an internal energy. Bentley.

Inherit

In*her"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inherited; p. pr. & vb. n. Inheriting.] [OE. enheriten to inherit, to give a heritage to, OF. enheriter to appoint as an heir, L. inhereditare; pref. in- in + hereditare to inherit, fr. heres heir. See Heir.]

1. (Law) To take by descent from an ancestor; to take by inheritance; to take as heir on the death of an ancestor or other person to whose estate one succeeds; to receive as a right or title descendible by law from an ancestor at his decease; as, the heir inherits the land or real estate of his father; the eldest son of a nobleman inherits his father's title; the eldest son of a king inherits the crown.


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2. To receive or take by birth; to have by nature; to derive or acquire from ancestors, as mental or physical qualities; as, he inherits a strong constitution, a tendency to disease, etc.

Prince Harry is valiant; for the cold blood he did naturally inherit of his father he hath . . . manured . . . with good store of fertile sherris. Shak.

3. To come into possession of; to possess; to own; to enjoy as a possession.

But the meek shall inherit the earth. Ps. xxxvii. 11.
To bury so much gold under a tree, And never after to inherit it. Shak.

4. To put in possession of. [R.] Shak.

Inherit

In*her"it (?), v. i. To take or hold a possession, property, estate, or rights by inheritance.
Thou shalt not inherit our father's house. Judg. xi. 2.

Inheritability

In*her`it*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being inheritable or descendible to heirs. Jefferson.

Inheritable

In*her"it*a*ble (?), a.

1. Capable of being inherited; transmissible or descendible; as, an inheritable estate or title. Blackstone.

2. Capable of being transmitted from parent to child; as, inheritable qualities or infirmities.

3. [Cf. OF. enheritable, inheritable.] Capable of taking by inheritance, or of receiving by descent; capable of succeeding to, as an heir.

By attainder . . . the blood of the person attainted is so corrupted as to be rendered no longer inheritable. Blackstone.
The eldest daughter of the king is also alone inheritable to the crown on failure of issue male. Blackstone.
Inheritable blood, blood or relationship by which a person becomes qualified to be an heir, or to transmit possessions by inheritance.

Inheritably

In*her"it*a*bly, adv. By inheritance. Sherwood.

Inheritance

In*her"it*ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. enheritance.]

1. The act or state of inheriting; as, the inheritance of an estate; the inheritance of mental or physical qualities.

2. That which is or may be inherited; that which is derived by an heir from an ancestor or other person; a heritage; a possession which passes by descent.

When the man dies, let the inheritance Descend unto the daughter. Shak.

3. A permanent or valuable possession or blessing, esp. one received by gift or without purchase; a benefaction.

To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and that fadeth not away. 1 Pet. i. 4.

4. Possession; ownership; acquisition. "The inheritance of their loves." Shak.

5. (Biol.) Transmission and reception by animal or plant generation.

6. (Law) A perpetual or continuing right which a man and his heirs have to an estate; an estate which a man has by descent as heir to another, or which he may transmit to another as his heir; an estate derived from an ancestor to an heir in course of law. Blackstone. &hand; The word inheritance (used simply) is mostly confined to the title to land and tenements by a descent. Mozley & W.

Men are not proprietors of what they have, merely for themselves; their children have a title to part of it which comes to be wholly theirs when death has put an end to their parents' use of it; and this we call inheritance. Locke.

Inheritor

In*her"it*or (?), n. One who inherits; an heir.
Born inheritors of the dignity. Milton.

Inheritress

In*her"it*ress (?), n. A heiress. Milman.

Inheritrix

In*her"it*rix (?), n. Same as Inheritress. Shak.

Inherse

In*herse" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Inhearse.

Inhesion

In*he"sion (?), n. [L. inhaesio. See Inhere.] The state of existing, of being inherent, in something; inherence. A. Baxter.
Constant inhesion and habitual abode. South.

Inhiation

In`hi*a"tion (?), n. [L. inhiatio, fr. inhiare to gape; pref. in- + hiare to gape.] A gaping after; eager desire; craving. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Inhibit

In*hib"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inhibited; p. pr. & vb. n. Inhibiting.] [L. inhibitus, p. p. of inhibere; pref. in- in + habere to have, hold. See Habit.]

1. To check; to hold back; to restrain; to hinder.

Their motions also are excited or inhibited . . . by the objects without them. Bentley.

2. To forbid; to prohibit; to interdict.

All men were inhibited, by proclamation, at the dissolution, so much as to mention a Parliament. Clarendon.
Burial may not be inhibited or denied to any one. Ayliffe.

Inhibition

In`hi*bi"tion (?), n. [L. inhibitio: cf. F. inhibition.]

1. The act of inhibiting, or the state of being inhibited; restraint; prohibition; embargo.

2. (Physiol.) A stopping or checking of an already present action; a restraining of the function of an organ, or an agent, as a digestive fluid or ferment, etc.; as, the inhibition of the respiratory center by the pneumogastric nerve; the inhibition of reflexes, etc.

3. (Law) A writ from a higher court forbidding an inferior judge from further proceedings in a cause before; esp., a writ issuing from a higher ecclesiastical court to an inferior one, on appeal. Cowell.

Inhibitor

In*hib"i*tor (?), n. [NL.] That which causes inhibitory action; esp., an inhibitory nerve.

Inhibitory

In*hib"i*to*ry (?), a. [LL. inhibitorius: cf. F. inhibitoire.] Of or pertaining to, or producing, inhibition; consisting in inhibition; tending or serving to inhibit; as, the inhibitory action of the pneumogastric on the respiratory center.
I would not have you consider these criticisms as inhibitory. Lamb.
Inhibitory nerves (Physiol.), those nerves which modify, inhibit, or suppress a motor or secretory act already in progress.

Inhibitory-motor

In*hib"i*to*ry-mo"tor (?), a. (Physiol.) A term applied to certain nerve centers which govern or restrain subsidiary centers, from which motor impressions issue. McKendrick.

Inhive

In*hive" (?), v. t. To place in a hive; to hive.

Inhold

In*hold" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inheld (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inholding.] To have inherent; to contain in itself; to possess. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

Inholder

In*hold"er, n. An inhabitant. [Obs.] Spenser.

Inhoop

In*hoop" (?), v. t. To inclose in a hoop, or as in a hoop. [R.] Shak.

Inhospitable

In*hos"pi*ta*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + hospitable: cf. L. inhospitalis.]

1. Not hospitable; not disposed to show hospitality to strangers or guests; as, an inhospitable person or people.

Have you no touch of pity, that the poor Stand starved at your inhospitable door? Cowper.

2. Affording no shelter or sustenance; barren; desert; bleak; cheerless; wild. "Inhospitable wastes." Blair. -- In*hos"pi*ta*ble*mess, n. -- In*hos"pi*ta*bly, adv.

Inhospitality

In*hos`pi*tal"i*ty (?), n. [L. inhospitalitas: cf. F. inhospitalit\'82. See In- not, and Hospitality.] The quality or state of being inhospitable; inhospitableness; lack of hospitality. Bp. Hall.

Inhuman

In*hu"man (?), a. [L. inhumanus: cf. F. inhumain. See In- not, and Human.]

1. Destitute of the kindness and tenderness that belong to a human being; cruel; barbarous; savage; unfeeling; as, an inhuman person or people.

2. Characterized by, or attended with, cruelty; as, an inhuman act or punishment. Syn. -- Cruel; unfeeling; pitiless; merciless; savage; barbarous; brutal; ferocious; ruthless; fiendish.

Inhumanity

In`hu*man"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Inhumanities (#). [L. inhumanitas: cf. F. inhumanit\'82.] The quality or state of being inhuman; cruelty; barbarity.
Man's inhumanity to man Makes countless thousands mourn. Burns.

Inhumanly

In*hu"man*ly (?), adv. In an inhuman manner; cruelly; barbarously.

Inhumate

In*hu"mate (?), v. t. [L. inhumatus, p. p. of inhumare to inhume; pref. in- in + humare to cover with earth. See Humation, and cf. Inhume.] To inhume; to bury; to inter. Hedge.

Inhumation

In`hu*ma"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. inhumation.]

1. The act of inhuming or burying; interment.

2. (Old Chem.) The act of burying vessels in warm earth in order to expose their contents to a steady moderate heat; the state of being thus exposed.

3. (Med.) Arenation.

Inhume

In*hume" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inhumed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inhuming.] [Cf. F. inhumer. See Inhumate.]

1. To deposit, as a dead body, in the earth; to bury; to inter.

Weeping they bear the mangled heaps of slain, Inhume the natives in their native plain. Pope.

2. To bury or place in warm earth for chemical or medicinal purposes.

Inia

In"i*a (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A South American freshwater dolphin (Inia Boliviensis). It is ten or twelve feet long, and has a hairy snout.

Inial

In"i*al (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the inion.

Inimaginable

In`im*ag"i*na*ble (?), a. Unimaginable; inconceivable. [R.] Bp. Pearson.

Inimical

In*im"i*cal (?; 277), a. [L. inimicalis, fr. inimicus unfriendly, hostile; pref. in- not + amicus friendly. See Amity.]

1. Having the disposition or temper of an enemy; unfriendly; unfavorable; -- chiefly applied to private, as hostile is to public, enmity.

2. Opposed in tendency, influence, or effects; antagonistic; inconsistent; incompatible; adverse; repugnant.

We are at war with a system, which, by its essence, is inimical to all other governments. Burke.

Inimicality

In*im`i*cal"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being inimical or hostile; hostility; unfriendliness. [R.]

Inimically

In*im"i*cal*ly (?), adv. In an inimical manner.

Inimicitious

In*im`i*ci"tious (?), a. [L. inimicitia enmity. See Inimical.] Inimical; unfriendly. [R.] Sterne.

Inimicous

In*im"i*cous (?), a. [L. inimicus.] Inimical; hurtful. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Inimitability

In*im`i*ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being inimitable; inimitableness. Norris.

Inimitable

In*im"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L. inimitabilis: cf. F. inimitable. See In- not, and Imitable.] Not capable of being imitated, copied, or counterfeited; beyond imitation; surpassingly excellent; matchless; unrivaled; exceptional; unique; as, an inimitable style; inimitable eloquence. "Inimitable force." Dryden.
Performing such inimitable feats. Cowper.
-- In*im"i*ta*ble*ness, n. -- In*im"i*ta*bly, adv.

Inion

In"i*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. 'ini`on the back of the head.] (Anat.) The external occipital protuberance of the skull.

Iniquitous

In*iq"ui*tous (?), a. [From Iniquity.] Characterized by iniquity; unjust; wicked; as, an iniquitous bargain; an iniquitous proceeding.
Demagogues . . . bribed to this iniquitous service. Burke.
Syn. -- Wicked; wrong; unjust; unrighteous; nefarious; criminal. -- Iniquitous, Wicked, Nefarious. Wicked is the generic term. Iniquitous is stronger, denoting a violation of the rights of others, usually by fraud or circumvention. Nefarious is still stronger, implying a breach of the most sacred obligations, and points more directly to the intrinsic badness of the deed.

Iniquitously

In*iq"ui*tous*ly, adv. In an iniquitous manner; unjustly; wickedly.

Iniquity

In*iq"ui*ty (?), n.; pl. Iniquities (#). [OE. iniquitee, F. iniquit\'82, L. iniquitas, inequality, unfairness, injustice. See Iniquous.]

1. Absence of, or deviation from, just dealing; want of rectitude or uprightness; gross injustice; unrighteousness; wickedness; as, the iniquity of bribery; the iniquity of an unjust judge.

Till the world from his perfection fell Into all filth and foul iniquity. Spenser.

2. An iniquitous act or thing; a deed of injustice o Milton.

Your iniquities have separated between you and your God. Is. lix. 2.

3. A character or personification in the old English moralities, or moral dramas, having the name sometimes of one vice and sometimes of another. See Vice.

Acts old Iniquity, and in the fit Of miming gets the opinion of a wit. B. Jonson.

Iniquous

In*i"quous (?), a. [L. iniquus; pref. in- not + aequus. See Equal.] Iniquitous. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Inirritable

In*ir"ri*ta*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + irritable: cf. F. inirritable.] Not irritable; esp. (Physiol.), incapable of being stimulated to action, as a muscle. -- In*ir`ri*ta*bil"i*ty (#), n.

Inirritative

In*ir"ri*ta*tive (?), a. Not accompanied with excitement; as, an inirritative fever. E. Darwin.

Inisle

In*isle" (?), v. t. [Cf. Enisled.] To form into an island; to surround. [Obs.] Drayton.

Initial

In*i"tial (?), a. [L. initialis, from initium a going in, entrance, beginning, fr. inire to go into, to enter, begin; pref. in- in + ire to go: cf. F. initial. See Issue, and cf. Commence.]

1. Of or pertaining to the beginning; marking the commencement; incipient; commencing; as, the initial symptoms of a disease.

2. Placed at the beginning; standing at the head, as of a list or series; as, the initial letters of a name.

Initial

In*i"tial, n. The first letter of a word or a name.

Initial

In*i"tial, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Initialed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Initialing.] To put an initial to; to mark with an initial of initials. [R.]

Initially

In*i"tial*ly, adv. In an initial or incipient manner or degree; at the beginning. Barrow.

Initiate

In*i"ti*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Initiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Initiating (?).] [L. initiatus, p. p. of initiare to begin, fr. initium beginning. See Initial.]

1. To introduce by a first act; to make a beginning with; to set afoot; to originate; to commence; to begin or enter upon.

How are changes of this sort to be initiated? I. Taylor.

2. To acquaint with the beginnings; to instruct in the rudiments or principles; to introduce.

Providence would only initiate mankind into the useful knowledge of her treasures, leaving the rest to employ our industry. Dr. H. More.
To initiate his pupil into any part of learning, an ordinary skill in the governor is enough. Locke.

3. To introduce into a society or organization; to confer membership on; especially, to admit to a secret order with mysterious rites or ceremonies.

The Athenians believed that he who was initiated and instructed in the mysteries would obtain celestial honor after death. Bp. Warburton.
He was initiated into half a dozen clubs before he was one and twenty. Spectator.

Initiate

In*i"ti*ate, v. i. To do the first act; to perform the first rite; to take the initiative. [R.] Pope.

Initiate

In*i"ti*ate (?), a. [L. initiatus, p. p.]

1. Unpracticed; untried; new. [Obs.] "The initiate fear that wants hard use." Shak.

2. Begun; commenced; introduced to, or instructed in, the rudiments; newly admitted.

To rise in science as in bliss, Initiate in the secrets of the skies. Young.
Initiate tenant by courtesy (Law), said of a husband who becomes such in his wife's estate of inheritance by the birth of a child, but whose estate is not consummated till the death of the wife. Mozley & W.

Initiate

In*i"ti*ate, n. One who is, or is to be, initiated.

Initiation

In*i`ti*a"tion (?), n. [L. initiatio: cf. F. initiation.]

1. The act of initiating, or the process of being initiated or introduced; as, initiation into a society, into business, literature, etc. "The initiation of coursers of events." Pope.

2. The form or ceremony by which a person is introduced into any society; mode of entrance into an organized body; especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or order.

Silence is the first thing that is taught us at our initiation into sacred mysteries. Broome.

Initiative

In*i"ti*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. initiatif.] Serving to initiate; inceptive; initiatory; introductory; preliminary.

Initiative

In*i"ti*a*tive, n. [Cf. F. initiative.]

1. An introductory step or movement; an act which originates or begins.

The undeveloped initiatives of good things to come. I. Taylor.

2. The right or power to introduce a new measure or course of action, as in legislation; as, the initiative in respect to revenue bills is in the House of Representatives.

Initiator

In*i"ti*a`tor (?), n. [L.] One who initiates.

Initiatory

In*i"ti*a*to*ry (?), a.

1. Suitable for an introduction or beginning; introductory; prefatory; as, an initiatory step. Bp. Hall.

2. Tending or serving to initiate; introducing by instruction, or by the use and application of symbols or ceremonies; elementary; rudimentary.

Some initiatory treatises in the law. Herbert.
Two initiatory rites of the same general import can not exist together. J. M. Mason.

Initiatory

In*i"ti*a*to*ry, n. An introductory act or rite. [R.]

Inition

In*i"tion (?), n. [Cf. OF. inition. See Initial.] Initiation; beginning. [Obs.] Sir R. Naunton.

Inject

In*ject" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Injected; p. pr. & vb. n. Injecting.] [L. injectus, p. p. of inicere, injicere, to throw in; pref. in- in + jacere to throw: cf. F. injecter. See Jet a shooting forth.]

1. To throw in; to dart in; to force in; as, to inject cold water into a condenser; to inject a medicinal liquid into a cavity of the body; to inject morphine with a hypodermic syringe.

2. Fig.: To throw; to offer; to propose; to instill.

C\'91sar also, then hatching tyranny, injected the same scrupulous demurs. Milton.

3. To cast or throw; -- with on. [R.]

And mound inject on mound. Pope.

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4. (Anat.) To fill (a vessel, cavity, or tissue) with a fluid or other substance; as, to inject the blood vessels.

Injection

In*jec"tion (?), n. [L. injectio : cf.F. injection.]

1. The act of injecting or throwing in; -- applied particularly to the forcible throwing in of a liquid, or a\'89riform body, by means of a syringe, pump, etc.

2. That which is injected; especially, a liquid medicine thrown into a cavity of the body by a syringe or pipe; a clyster; an enema. Mayne.

3. (Anat.) (a) The act or process of filling vessels, cavities, or tissues with a fluid or other substance. (b) A specimen prepared by injection.

4. (Steam Eng.) (a) The act of throwing cold water into a condenser to produce a vacuum. (b) The cold water thrown into a condenser. Injection cock, ∨ Injection valve (Steam Eng.), the cock or valve through which cold water is admitted into a condenser. -- Injection condenser. See under Condenser. -- Injection pipe, the pipe through which cold water is through into the condenser of a steam engine.

Injector

In*ject"or (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, injects.

2. (Mach.) A contrivance for forcing feed water into a steam boiler by the direct action of the steam upon the water. The water is driven into the boiler by the impulse of a jet of the steam which becomes condensed as soon as it strikes the stream of cold water it impels; -- also called Giffard's injector, from the inventor. <-- fuel injector -- a device for actively injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine -->

Injelly

In*jel"ly (?), v. t. To place in jelly. [R.]

Injoin

In*join" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Enjoin.

Injoint

In*joint (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in + joint.] To join; to unite. [R.] Shak.

Injoint

In*joint, v. t. [Pref. in- in + joint.] To disjoint; to separate. [Obs.] Holland.

Injucundity

In`ju*cun"di*ty (?), n. [L. injucunditas. See In- not, and Jocund.] Unpleassantness; disagreeableness. [Obs.] Cockeram.

Injudicable

In*ju"di*ca*ble (?), a. Not cognizable by a judge. [Obs.] Bailey.

Injudicial

In`ju*di"cial (?), a. Not according to the forms of law; not judicial. [R.]

Injudicious

In`ju*di"cious (?), a. [Pref. in- not + judicious; cf. F. injudicieux.]

1. Not judicious; wanting in sound judgment; undiscerning; indiscreet; unwise; as, an injudicious adviser.

An injudicious biographer who undertook to be his editor and the protector of his memory. A. Murphy.

2. Not according to sound judgment or discretion; unwise; as, an injudicious measure. Syn. -- Indiscreet; inconsiderate; undiscerning; incautious; unwise; rash; hasty; imprudent.

Injudiciously

In`ju*di"cious*ly, adv. In an injudicious manner.

Injudiciousness

In`ju*di"cious*ness, n. The quality of being injudicious; want of sound judgment; indiscretion. Whitlock.

Injunction

In*junc"tion (?), n. [L. injunctio, fr. injungere, injunctum, to join into, to enjoin. See Enjoin.]

1. The act of enjoining; the act of directing, commanding, or prohibiting.

2. That which is enjoined; an order; a mandate; a decree; a command; a precept; a direction.

For still they knew,and ought to have still remembered, The high injunction,not to taste that fruit. Milton.
Necessary as the injunctions of lawful authority. South.

3. (Law) A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, insome cases, under statutes, by a court of law,whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ. &hand; It is more generally used as a preventive than as a restorative process, although by no means confined to the former. Wharton. Daniell. Story.

Injure

In"jure (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Injured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Injuring.] [L. injuriari, fr. injuria injury, perh. through F. injurier to insult, in OF. also, to injure; or perhaps fr. E. injury, or F. injure injury. See Injury.] To do harm to; to impair the excellence and value of; to hurt; to damage; -- used in a variety of senses; as: (a) To hurt or wound, as the person; to impair soundness, as of health. (b) To damage or lessen the value of, as goods or estate. (c) To slander, tarnish, or impair, as reputation or character. (d) To impair or diminish, as happiness or virtue. (e) To give pain to, as the sensibilities or the feelings; to grieve; to annoy. (f) To impair, as the intellect or mind.
When have I injured thee? when done thee wrong? Shak.
Syn. -- To damage; mar; spoil; harm; sully; wrong; maltreat; abuse; insult; affront; dishonor.

Injurer

In"jur*er (?), n. One who injures or wrongs.

Injuria

In*ju"ri*a (?), n.; pl. Injurie (#). [L.] (Law) Injury; invasion of another's rights.

Injurious

In*ju"ri*ous (?), a. [L. injuriousus, injurius; cf. F. injurieux. See Injury.]

1. Not just; wrongful; iniquitous; culpable. [Obs.] Milton.

Till the injurious Roman did extort This tribute from us, we were free. Shak.

2. Causing injury or harm; hurtful; harmful; detrimental; mischievous; as, acts injurious to health, credit, reputation, property, etc.

Without being injurious to the memory of our English Pindar. Dryden.
Syn. -- Harmful; hurtful; pernicious; mischievous; baneful; deleterious; noxious; ruinous; detrimental.

Injuriously

In*ju"ri*ous*ly, adv. In an injurious or hurtful manner; wrongfully; hurtfully; mischievously.

Injuriousness

In*ju"ri*ous*ness, n. The quality of being injurious or hurtful; harmfulness; injury.

Injury

In"ju*ry (?), n.; pl. Injuries (#). [OE. injurie, L. injuria, fr. injurius injurious, wrongful, unjust; pref. in- not + jus,juris, right,law,justice: cf. F. injure. See Just, a.] Any damage or violation of, the person, character, feelings, rights, property, or interests of an individual; that which injures, or occasions wrong, loss, damage, or detriment; harm; hurt; loss; mischief; wrong; evil; as, his health was impaired by a severe injury; slander is an injury to the character.
For he that doeth injury shall receve that he did evil. Wyclif(Col. iii. 25).
Many times we do injury to a cause by dwelling on trifling arguments. I. Watts.
Riot ascends above their loftiest towers, And injury and outrage. Milton.
&hand; Injury in morals and jurisprudence is the intentional doing of wrong. Fleming. Syn. -- Harm; hurt; damage; loss; impairment; detriment; wrong; evil; injustice.

Injustice

In*jus"tice (?), n. [F. injustice, L. injustitia. See In- not, and Justice, and cf. Unjust.]

1. Want of justice and equity; violation of the rights of another or others; iniquity; wrong; unfairness; imposition.

If this people [the Athenians] resembled Nero in their extravagance, much more did they resemble and even exceed him in cruelty and injustice. Burke.

2. An unjust act or deed; a sin; a crime; a wrong.

Cunning men can be guilty of a thousand injustices without being discovered, or at least without being punished. Swift.

Ink

Ink (?), n. (Mach.) The step, or socket, in which the lower end of a millstone spindle runs.

Ink

Ink, n. [OE. enke, inke, OF. enque, F. encre, L. encaustum the purple red ink with which the Roman emperors signed their edicts, Gr. Encaustic, Caustic.]

1. A fluid, or a viscous material or preparation of various kinds (commonly black or colored), used in writing or printing.

Make there a prick with ink. Chaucer.
Deformed monsters, foul and black as ink. Spenser.

2. A pigment. See India ink, under India. &hand; Ordinarily, black ink is made from nutgalls and a solution of some salt of iron, and consists essentially of a tannate or gallate of iron; sometimes indigo sulphate, or other coloring matter,is added. Other black inks contain potassium chromate, and extract of logwood, salts of vanadium, etc. Blue ink is usually a solution of Prussian blue. Red ink was formerly made from carmine (cochineal), Brazil wood, etc., but potassium eosin is now used. Also red, blue, violet, and yellow inks are largely made from aniline dyes. Indelible ink is usually a weak solution of silver nitrate, but carbon in the form of lampblack or India ink, salts of molybdenum, vanadium, etc., are also used. Sympathetic inks may be made of milk, salts of cobalt, etc. See Sympathetic ink (below). Copying ink, a peculiar ink used for writings of which copies by impression are to be taken. -- Ink bag (Zo\'94l.), an ink sac. -- Ink berry. (Bot.) (a) A shrub of the Holly family (Ilex glabra), found in sandy grounds along the coast from New England to Florida, and producing a small black berry. (b) The West Indian indigo berry. See Indigo. -- Ink plant (Bot.), a New Zealand shrub (Coriaria thumifolia), the berries of which uield a juice which forms an ink. -- Ink powder, a powder from which ink is made by solution. -- Ink sac (Zo\'94l.), an organ, found in most cephalopods, containing an inky fluid which can be ejected from a duct opening at the base of the siphon. The fluid serves to cloud the water, and enable these animals to escape from their enemies. See Illust. of Dibranchiata. -- Printer's ink, ∨ Printing ink. See under Printing. -- Sympathetic ink, a writing fluid of such a nature that what is written remains invisible till the action of a reagent on the characters makes it visible.

Ink

Ink, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inked (?nkt); p. pr. & vb. n. Inking.] To put ink upon; to supply with ink; to blacken, color, or daub with ink.

Inker

Ink"er (?), n. One who, or that which, inks; especially, in printing, the pad or roller which inks the type.

Inkfish

Ink"fish` (?), n. A cuttlefish. See Cuttlefish.

Inkhorn

Ink"horn` (?), n. [Ink + horn; cf. F. cornet \'85 encre, G. dintenhorn.] A small bottle of horn or other material formerly used for holding ink; an inkstand; a portable case for writing materials. "With a writer's inkhorn by his side." Ezek. ix. 2.
From his pocket the notary drew his papers and inkhorn. Longfellow.

Inkhorn

Ink"horn", a. Learned; pedantic; affected. [Obs.] "Inkhorn terms." Bale.

Inkhornism

Ink"horn`ism (?), n. Pedantry. Sir T. Wilson.

Inkiness

Ink"i*ness (?), n. [From Inky.] The state or quality of being inky; blackness.

Inking

Ink"ing, a. Supplying or covering with ink. Inking roller, a somewhat elastic roller,used to spread ink over forms of type, copperplates, etc. -- Inking trough ∨ table, a trough or table from which the inking roller receives its ink.

Inkle

In"kle (?), n. [Prob.the same word as lingle, the first l being mistaken for the definite article in French. See Lingle.] A kind of tape or braid. Shak.

Inkle

In"kle, v. t. [OE. inklen to hint; cf. Dan. ymte to whisper.] To guess. [Prov. Eng.] "She inkled what it was." R. D. Blackmore.

Inkling

In"kling (?), n. A hint; an intimation.
The least inkling or glimpse of this island. Bacon.
They had some inkling of secret messages. Clarendon.

Inknee

In"knee` (?), n. Same as Knock-knee.

Inkneed

In"kneed` (?), a. See Knock-kneed.

Inknot

In*knot" (?), v. t. To fasten or bind, as with a knot; to knot together. Fuller.

Inkstand

Ink"stand` (?), n. A small vessel for holding ink, to dip the pen into; also, a device for holding ink and writing materials.

Inkstone

Ink"stone" (?), n. A kind of stone containing native vitriol or subphate of iron, used in making ink.

Inky

Ink"y (?), a. Consisting of, or resembling, ink; soiled with ink; black. "Inky blots." Shak. "Its inky blackness." Boyle.

Inlace

In*lace" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inlaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inlacing (?).] [Pref. in- + lace: cf. OE. enlacen to entangle, involve, OF. enlacier, F. enlacer. See Lace, and cf. Enlace.] To work in, as lace; to embellish with work resembling lace; also, to lace or enlace. P. Fletcher.

Inlagation

In"la*ga"tion (?), n. [Law L. inlagatio, fr. inlagare to restore to law. See In, and Law.] (Old Eng. Law) The restitution of an outlawed person to the protection of the law; inlawing. Bouvier.

Inlaid

In*laid" (?), p. p. of Inlay.

Inland

In"land (?), a.

1. Within the land; more or less remote from the ocean or from open water; interior; as, an inland town. "This wide inland sea." Spenser.

From inland regions to the distant main. Cowper.

2. Limited to the land, or to inland routes; within the seashore boundary; not passing on, or over, the sea; as, inland transportation, commerce, navigation, etc.

3. Confined to a country or state; domestic; not foreing; as, an inland bill of exchange. See Exchange.

Inland

In"land, n. The interior part of a country. Shak.

Inland

In"land, adv. Into, or towards, the interior, away from the coast. Cook.
The greatest waves of population have rolled inland from the east. S. Turner.

Inlander

In"land*er (?), n. One who lives in the interior of a country, or at a distance from the sea. Sir T. Browne.

Inlandish

In"land*ish, a. Inland. [Obs.] T. Reeve(1657)

Inlapidate

In*lap"i*date (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in + L. lapis, lapidis, stone.] To convert into a stony substance; to petrity. [R.] Bacon.

Inlard

In*lard" (?), v. t. See Inlard.

Inlaw

In*law" (?), v. t. [In + law. Cf. Inlagation.] (Old Eng. Law) To clear of outlawry or attainder; to place under the protection of the law. Burrill. <-- In"-law. A person who is related by marriage, as distinguished from a blood relative; esp. mother-in-law, father-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law -->

Inlay

In*lay" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inlaied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inlaying.] To lay within; hence, to insert, as pieces of pearl, iviry, choice woods, or the like, in a groundwork of some other material; to form an ornamental surface; to diversify or adorn with insertions.
Look,how the floor of heaven Is thick inlaid with patines of bright gold. Shak.
But these things are . . . borrowed by the monks to inlay their story. Milton.

Inlay

In"lay` (?), n. Matter or pieces of wood, ivory, etc., inlaid, or prepared for inlaying; that which is inserted or inlaid for ornament or variety.
Crocus and hyacinth with rich inlay Broidered the ground. Milton.
The sloping of the moonlit sward Was damask work, and deep inlay Of braided blooms. Tennyson.

Inlayer

In*lay"er (?), n. One who inlays, or whose occupation it is to inlay.

Inleague

In*league" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inleagued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inleaguing (?).] To ally, or form an alliance witgh; to unite; to combine.
With a willingness inleague our blood With his, for purchase of full growth in friendship. Ford.

Inleaguer

In*lea"guer (?), v. t. To beleaguer. Holland.

Inlet

In"let (?), n.

1. A passage by which an inclosed place may be entered; a place of ingress; entrance.

Doors and windows,inlets of men and of light. Sir H. Wotton.

2. A bay or recess,as in the shore of a sea, lake, or large river; a narrow strip of water running into the land or between islands.

3. That which is let in or inland; an inserted material. &hand; Inlet is also usewd adjectively,as in inlet pipe, inlet valve, etc.

Inlighten

In*light"en (?), v. t. See Enlighten.

Inlist

In*list" (?), v. t. See Enlist.

Inlive

In*live" (?), v. t. To animate. [R.] B. Jonson.

Inlock

In*lock" (?), v. t. To lock in, or inclose.

In loco

In lo"co (?). [L.] In the place; in the proper or natural place.

Inlumine

In*lu"mine (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Illumine.

Inly

In"ly (?), a. [OE. inlich, AS. inl\'c6c. See In.] Internal; interior; secret.
Didst thou but know the inly touch of love. Shak.

Inly

In"ly, adv. Internally; within; in the heart. "Whereat he inly raged." Milton.

Inmacy

In"ma*cy (?), n. [From Inmate.] The state of being an inmate. [R.] Craig.

Inmate

In"mate` (?), n. [In + mate an associate.] One who lives in the same house or apartment with another; a fellow lodger; esp.,one of the occupants of an asylum, hospital, or prison; by extension, one who occupies or lodges in any place or dwelling.
So spake the enemy of mankind, inclos'd In serpent, inmate bad. Milton.

Inmate

In"mate`, a. Admitted as a dweller; resident; internal. [R.] "Inmate guests." Milton.

Inmeats

In"meats` (?), n.pl. The edible viscera of animals, as the heart, liver, etc.

Inmesh

In*mesh" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inmeshed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inmeshing.] To bring within meshes, as of a net; to enmesh.

Inmew

In*mew" (?), v. t. [Cf.Emmew, Immew.] To inclose, as in a mew or cage. [R.] "Inmew the town below." Beau. & Fl.

Inmost

In"most` (?), a. [OE. innemest, AS. innemest, a double superlative form fr. inne within, fr. in in. The modern form is due to confusion with most. See In, and cf. Aftermost, Foremost, Innermost.] Deepest within; farthest from the surface or external part; innermost.
And pierce the inmost center of the earth. Shak.
The silent, slow, consuming fires, Which on my inmost vitals prey. Addison.

Inn

Inn (?), n. [AS. in,inn, house, chamber, inn, from AS. in in; akin to Icel. inni house. See In.]

1. A place of shelter; hence, dwelling; habitation; residence; abode. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Therefore with me ye may take up your inn For this same night. Spenser.

2. A house for the lodging and entertainment of travelers or wayfarers; a tavern; a public house; a hotel. &hand; As distinguished from a private boarding house, an inn is a house for the entertainment of all travelers of good conduct and means of payment,as guests for a brief period,not as lodgers or boarders by contract.

The miserable fare and miserable lodgment of a provincial inn. W. Irving.

3. The town residence of a nobleman or distinguished person; as, Leicester Inn. [Eng.]

4. One of the colleges (societies or buildings) in London, for students of the law barristers; as, the Inns of Court; the Inns of Chancery; Serjeants' Inns. Inns of chancery (Eng.), colleges in which young students formerly began their law studies, now occupied chiefly by attorneys, solicitors, etc. -- Inns of court (Eng.), the four societies of "students and practicers of the law of England" which in London exercise the exclusive right of admitting persons to practice at the bar; also, the buildings in which the law students and barristers have their chambers. They are the Inner Temple, the Middle Temple, Lincoln's Inn, and Gray's Inn.


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Inn

Inn (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Inned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inning.] To take lodging; to lodge. [R.] Addison.

Inn

Inn, v. t.

1. To house; to lodge. [Obs.]

When he had brought them into his city And inned them, everich at his degree. Chaucer.

2. To get in; to in. See In, v. t.

Innate

In"nate (?), a. [L. innatus; pref. in- in + natus born, p.p. of nasci to be born. See Native.]

1. Inborn; native; natural; as, innate vigor; innate eloquence.

2. (Metaph.) Originating in, or derived from, the constitution of the intellect, as opposed to acquired from experience; as, innate ideas. See A priori, Intuitive.

There is an innate light in every man, discovering to him the first lines of duty in the common notions of good and evil. South.
Men would not be guilty if they did not carry in their mind common notions of morality,innate and written in divine letters. Fleming (Origen).
If I could only show,as I hope I shall . . . how men, barely by the use of their natural faculties, may attain to all the knowledge they have, without the help of any innate impressions; and may arrive at certainty without any such original notions or principles. Locke.

3. (Bot.) Joined by the base to the very tip of a filament; as, an innate anther. Gray. Innate ideas (Metaph.), ideas, as of God, immortality, right and wrong, supposed by some to be inherent in the mind, as a priori principles of knowledge.

Innate

In*nate" (?), v. t. To cause to exit; to call into being. [Obs.] "The first innating cause." Marston.

Innately

In"nate*ly (?), adv. Naturally.

Innateness

In"nate*ness, n. The quality of being innate.

Innative

In*na"tive (?), a. Native. [Obs.] Chapman.

Innavigable

In*nav"i*ga*ble (?), a. [L. innavigabilis : cf. F. innavigable. See In- not, and Navigable.] Incapable of being navigated; impassable by ships or vessels. Drygen. -- In*nav"i*ga*bly, adv.

Inne

Inne (?), adv. & prep. In. [Obs.]
And eke in what array that they were inne. Chaucer.

Inner

In"ner (?), a. [AS. innera, a compar. fr. inne within, fr. in in. See In.]

1. Further in; interior; internal; not outward; as, an spirit or its phenomena.

This attracts the soul, Governs the inner man,the nobler part. Milton.

3. Not obvious or easily discovered; obscure. Inner house (Scot.), the first and second divisions of the court of Session at Edinburgh; also,the place of their sittings. -- Inner jib (Naut.), a fore-and-aft sail set on a stay running from the fore-topmast head to the jib boom. -- Inner plate (Arch.), the wall plate which lies nearest to the center of the roof,in a double-plated roof. -- Inner post (Naut.), a piece brought on at the fore side of the main post, to support the transoms. -- Inner square (Carp.), the angle formed by the inner edges of a carpenter's square.

Innerly

In"ner*ly, adv. More within. [Obs.] Baret.

Innermost

In"ner*most` (?), a. [A corruption of inmost due to influence of inner. See Inmost.] Farthest inward; most remote from the outward part; inmost; deepest within. Prov. xviii. 8.

Innermostly

In"ner*most`ly, adv. In the innermost place. [R.]
His ebon cross worn innermostly. Mrs. Browning.

Innervate

In*ner"vate (?), v. t. [See Innerve.] (Anat.) To supply with nerves; as, the heart is innervated by pneumogastric and sympathetic branches.

Innervation

In`ner*va"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. innervation.]

1. The act of innerving or stimulating.

2. (Physiol.) Special activity excited in any part of the nervous system or in any organ of sense or motion; the nervous influence necessary for the maintenance of life,and the functions of the various organs.

3. (Anat.) The distribution of nerves in an animal, or to any of its parts.

Innerve

In*nerve" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Innerved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Innerving.] [Pref. in- in + nerve.] To give nervous energy or power to; to give increased energy,force,or courage to; to invigorate; to stimulate.

Innholder

Inn"hold`er (?), n. One who keeps an inn.

Inning

In"ning (?), n. [AS. innung, fr. in in, prep. & adv.]

1. Ingathering; harvesting. [Obs.] Holland.

2. The state or turn of being in; specifically, in cricket, baseball, etc.,the turn or time of a player or of a side at the bat; -- often in the pl. Hence: The turn or time of a person, or a party, in power; as, the Whigs went out, and the Democrats had their innings.

3. pl. Lands recovered from the sea. Ainsworth.

Innitency

In*ni"ten*cy (?), n. [L. inniti, p.p. innixus, to lean upon; pref. in- in, on + niti to lean.] A leaning; pressure; weight. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Innixion

In*nix"ion (?), n. [See Innitency.] Act of leaning upon something; incumbency. [Obs.] Derham.

Innkeeper

Inn"keep`er (?), n. An innholder.

Innocence

In"no*cence (?), n. [F. innocence, L. innocentia. See Innocent.]

1. The state or quality of being innocent; freedom from that which is harmful or infurious; harmlessness.

2. The state or quality of being morally free from guilt or sin; purity of heart; blamelessness.

The silence often of pure innocence Persuades when speaking fails. Shak.
Banished from man's life his happiest life, Simplicity and spotless innocence! Milton.

3. The state or quality of being not chargeable for, or guilty of, a particular crime or offense; as, the innocence of the prisoner was clearly shown.

4. Simplicity or plainness, bordering on weakness or silliness; artlessness; ingenuousness. Chaucer. Shak. Syn. -- Harmlessness; innocuousness; blamelessness; purity; sinlessness; guiltlessness.

Innocency

In"no*cen*cy (?), n. Innocence.

Innocent

In"no*cent (?), a. [F.innocent, L. innocens, -entis; pref. in- not + nocens, p.pr. of nocere to harm, hurt. See Noxious.]

1. Not harmful; free from that which can injure; innoxious; innocuous; harmless; as, an innocent medicine or remedy.

The spear Sung innocent,and spent its force in air. Pope.

2. Morally free from guilt; guiltless; not tainted with sin; pure; upright.

To offer up a weak, poor, innocent lamb. Shak.
I have sinned in that I have betrayed the innocent blood. Matt. xxvii. 4.
The aidless,innocent lady, his wished prey. Milton.

3. Free from the guilt of a particular crime or offense; as, a man is innocent of the crime charged.

Innocent from the great transgression. Ps. xix. 13.

4. Simple; artless; foolish. Shak.

5. Lawful; permitted; as, an innocent trade.

6. Not contraband; not subject to forfeiture; as, innocent goods carried to a belligerent nation. Innocent party (Law),a party who has not notice of a fact tainting a litigated transaction with illegality. Syn. -- Harmless; innoxious; innoffensive; guiltless; spotless; immaculate; pure; unblamable; blameless; faultless; guileless; upright.

Innocent

In"no*cent, n.

1. An innocent person; one free from, or unacquainted with, guilt or sin. Shak.

2. An unsophisticated person; hence, a child; a simpleton; an idiot. B. Jonson.

In Scotland a natural fool was called an innocent. Sir W. Scott.
Innocents' day (Eccl.), Childermas day.

Innocently

In"no*cent*ly, adv. In an innocent manner.

Innocuity

In"no*cu"i*ty (?), n. Innocuousness.

Innocuous

In*noc"u*ous (?), a. [L. innocuus; in- not + nocuus hurtful, fr. nocere to hurt. See Innocent.] Harmless; producing no ill effect; innocent.
A patient, innocuous, innocent man. Burton.
-- In*noc"u*ous*ly, adv. -- In*noc"u*ous*ness, n.
Where the salt sea innocuously breaks. Wordsworth.

Innodate

In"no*date (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Innodated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Innodating (?).] [L. innodatus, p.p. of innodare; pref. in- in + nodus knot.] To bind up,as in a knot; to include. [Obs.] Fuller.

Innominable

In*nom"i*na*ble (?), a. [L. innominabilis; pref. in- not + nominare to name: cf. F. innominable.] Not to be named. [R.] Testament of Love.

Innominate

In*nom"i*nate (?), a. [L. innominatus; pref. in- not + nominare to name.]

1. Having no name; unnamed; as, an innominate person or place. [R.] Ray.

2. (Anat.) A term used in designating many parts otherwise unnamed; as, the innominate artery, a great branch of the arch of the aorta; the innominate vein, a great branch of the superior vena cava. Innominate bone (Anat.), the great bone which makes a lateral half of the pelvis in mammals; hip bone; haunch bone; huckle bone. It is composed of three bones, ilium, ischium, and pubis, consolidated into one in the adult, though separate in the fetus, as also in many adult reptiles and amphibians. -- Innominate contracts (Law), in the Roman law, contracts without a specific name.

Innovate

In"no*vate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Innovated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Innovating (?).] [L. innovatus,p.p. of innovare to revew; pref. in- in + novare to make new,fr. novus new. See New.]

1. To bring in as new; to introduce as a novelty; as, to innovate a word or an act. [Archaic]

2. To change or alter by introducing something new; to remodel; to revolutionize. [Archaic] Burton.

From his attempts upon the civil power, he proceeds to innovate God's worship. South.

Innovate

In"no*vate, v. i. To introduce novelties or changes; -- sometimes with in or on. Bacon.
Every man,therefore,is not fit to innovate. Dryden.

Innovation

In`no*va"tion (?), n. [L. innovatio; cf. F. innovation.]

1. The act of innovating; introduction of something new, in customs, rites, etc. Dryden.

2. A change effected by innovating; a change in customs; something new, and contrary to established customs, manners, or rites. Bacon.

The love of things ancient doth argue stayedness, but levity and want of experience maketh apt unto innovations. Hooker.

3. (Bot.) A newly formed shoot, or the annually produced addition to the stems of many mosses.

Innovationist

In`no*va"tion*ist, n. One who favors innovation.

Innovative

In"no*va*tive (?), a. Characterized by, or introducing, innovations. Fitzed. Hall.

Innovator

In"no*va`tor (?), n. [Cf. F. innovateur.] One who innovates. Shak.

Innoxious

In*nox"ious (?), a. [L. innoxius. See In- not, and Noxious.]

1. Free from hurtful qualities or effects; harmless. "Innoxious flames." Sir K. Digby.

2. Free from crime; pure; innocent. Pope. -- In*nox`ious*ly, adv. -- In*nox"ious*ness, n.

Innubilous

In*nu"bi*lous (?), a. [L. innubilus. See Nubilous.] Cloudless. [Obs.] Blount.

Innuendo

In`nu*en"do (?), n.; pl. Innuedoes(. [L., by intimation, by hinting, gerund of innuere, innutum, to give a nod, to intimate; pref. in- in, to + -nuere (in comp.) to nod. See Nutation.]

1. An oblique hint; a remote allusion or reference, usually derogatory to a person or thing not named; an insinuation.

Mercury . . . owns it a marriage by an innuendo. Dryden.
Pursue your trade of scandal picking; Your innuendoes, when you tell us, That Stella loves to talk with fellows. Swift.

2. (Law) An averment employed in pleading, to point the application of matter otherwise unintelligible; an interpretative parenthesis thrown into quoted matter to explain an obscure word or words; -- as, the plaintiff avers that the defendant said that he (innuendo the plaintiff) was a thief. Wharton. &hand; The term is so applied from having been the introductory word of this averment or parenthetic explanation when pleadings were in Latin. The word "meaning" is used as its equivalent in modern forms. Syn. -- Insinuation; suggestion; hint; intimation; reference; allusion; implication; representation; -- Innuendo, Insinuation. An innuendo is an equivocal allusion so framed as to point distinctly at something which is injurious to the character or reputation of the person referred to. An insinuation turns on no such double use of language, but consists in artfully winding into the mind imputations of an injurious nature without making any direct charge.

Innuent

In"nu*ent (?), a. [L.innuens, p.pr.] Conveying a hint; significant. [Obs.] Burton.

Innuit

In"nu*it, n. [Native name.] (Ethnol.) An Eskimo.

Innumerability

In*nu`mer*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. innumerabilitas.] State of being innumerable. Fotherby.

Innumerable

In*nu`mer*a*ble (?), a. [L. innumerabilis : cf.F. innumefable. See In- not, and Numerable.] Not capable of being counted, enumerated, or numbered, for multitude; countless; numberless; unnumbered, hence, indefinitely numerous; of great number.
Innumerable as the stars of night. Milton.
-- In*nu"mer*a*ble*ness, n. -- In*nu"mer*a*bly, adv.

Innumerous

In*nu"mer*ous (?), a. [L. innumerosus, innumerus. See Numerous.] Innumerable. [Archaic] Milton.

Innutrition

In`nu*tri"tion (?), n. Want of nutrition; failure of nourishment. E. Darwin.

Innutritious

In`nu*tri"tious (?), a. Not nutritious; not furnishing nourishment.

Innutritive

In*nu"tri*tive (?), a. Innutritious.

Innyard

Inn"yard` (?), n. The yard adjoining an inn.

Inobedience

In`o*be"di*ence (?), n. [L. inoboedientia : cf.F. inobedience.] Disobedience. [Obs.] Wyclif. Chaucer.

Inobedient

In`o*be"di*ent (?), a. [L. inoboediens, p.pr. of inoboedire : cf.F. inobedient. See Obedient.] Not obedient; disobedient. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- In`o*be"di*ent*ly, adv. [Obs.]

Inobservable

In`ob*serv"a*ble (?), a. [L. inobservabilis : cf. F. inobservable. See In- not, and Observable.] Not observable.

Inobservance

In`ob*serv"ance (?), a. [L. inobservantia : cf. F. inobservance.] Want or neglect of observance. Bacon.

Inobservant

In`ob*serv"ant (?), a. [L. inobservans. See In- not, and Observant.] Not observant; regardless; heedless. Bp. Hurd. -- In`ob*serv"ant*ly, adv.

Inobservation

In*ob`ser*va"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. inobservation.] Neglect or want of observation. [R.]

Inobtrusive

In`ob*tru"sive (?), a. Not obtrusive; unobtrusive. -- In`ob*tru"sive*ly, adv. -- In`ob*tru"sive*ness, n.

Inocarpin

In`o*car"pin (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A red, gummy, coloring matter, extracted from the colorless juice of the Otaheite chestnut (Inocarpus edulis).

Inoccupation

In*oc`cu*pa"tion, n. Want of occupation.

Inoceramus

In`o*cer"a*mus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct genus of large, fossil, bivalve shells,allied to the mussels. The genus is characteristic of the Cretaceous period.

Inoculability

In*oc`u*la*bil"i*ty (?), n. The qual ity or state of being inoculable.

Inoculable

In*oc"u*la*ble (?), a. [See Inoculate.] Capable of being inoculated; capable of communicating disease, or of being communicated, by inoculation.

Inocular

In*oc"u*lar (?), a. (Zo\'94l) Inserted in the corner of the eye; -- said of the antenn

Inoculate

In*oc"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inoculated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inoculating (?),.] [L. inoculatus, p.p. of inoculare to ingraft; pref. in- in,on + oculare to furnish with eyes, fr. oculus an eye, also, a bud. See Ocular.]

1. To bud; to insert, or graft, as the bud of a tree or plant in another tree or plant.

2. To insert a foreign bud into; as, to inoculate a tree.

3. (Med.) To communicate a disease to ( a person ) by inserting infectious matter in the skin or flesh; as, to inoculate a person with the virus of smallpox,rabies, etc. See Vaccinate.

4. Fig.: To introduce into the mind; -- used especially of harmful ideas or principles; to imbue; as, to inoculate one with treason or infidelity.

Inoculate

In*oc"u*late, v. i.

1. To graft by inserting buds.

2. To communicate disease by inoculation.

Inoculation

In*oc"u*la"tion (?), n. [L. inoculatio: cf. F. inoculation.]

1. The act or art of inoculating trees or plants.

2. (Med.) The act or practice of communicating a disease to a person in health, by inserting contagious matter in his skin or flesh. &hand; The use was formerly limited to the intentional communication of the smallpox, but is now extended to include any similar introduction of modified virus; as, the inoculation of rabies by Pasteur.

3. Fig.: The communication of principles, especially false principles, to the mind.

Inoculator

In*oc"u*la`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. inoculateur.] One who inoculates; one who propagates plants or diseases by inoculation.
Page 767

Inodiate

In*o"di*ate (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in + L. odium hatred.] To make odious or hateful. [Obs.] South.

Inodorate

In*o"dor*ate (?), a. Inodorous. [Obs.] Bacon.

Inodorous

In*o"dor*ous (?), a. [L. inodorus. See In- not, and Odorous.] Emitting no odor; wthout smell; scentless; odorless. -- In*o"dor*ous*ness, n.

Inoffensive

In"of*fen"sive (?), a. [Pref. in- not + offensiue: cf. F. inoffensif.]

1. Giving no offense, or provocation; causing no uneasiness, annoyance, or disturbance; as, an inoffensive man, answer, appearance.

2. Harmless; doing no injury or mischief. Dryden.

3. Not obstructing; presenting no interruption bindrance. [R.] Milton.

So have Iseen a river gintly glide In a smooth course, and inoffensive tide. Addison.
-- In"of*fen"sive*ly, adv. -- In"of*fen"sive*ness, n.

Inofficial

In"of*fi"cial (?), a. Not official; not having official sanction or authoriy; not according to the forms or ceremony of official business; as, inofficial intelligence.
Pinckney and Marshall would not make inofficial visits to discuss official business. Pickering.
Syn. -- Private; informal; unwarranted; unauthorizod; irregular; unceremonious; unprofessional.

Inofficially

In`of*fi"cial*ly, adv. Without the usual forms, or not in the official character.

Inofficious

In`of*fi"cious (?), a. [L. inofficiosus: cf. F.inofficieux. See In- not, and Officious.]

1. Indifferent to obligation or duty. [Obs.]

Thou drown'st thyself in inofficious sleep. B. Jonson.

2. Not officious; not civil or attentive. [Obs.] Jonhson.

3. (Law) Regardless of natural obligation; contrary to natural duty; unkind; -- commonly said of a testament made without regard to natural obligation, or by which a child is unjustly deprived of inheritance. "The inofficious testament." Blackstone. "An inofficious disposition of his fortune." Paley.

Inofficiously

In`of*fi"cious*ly, adv. Not-officiously.

Inogen

In"o*gen (?), n. [Gr. -gen.] (Physiol.) A complex nitrogenous substance, which, by Hermann's hypothesis, is continually decomposed and reproduced in the muscles, during their life.

Inoperation

In*op`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. inoperari to effect; pref. in- in + operari to operate.] Agency; influence; production of effects. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Inoperative

In*op"er*a*tive (?), a. [Pref. in- not + operative.] Not operative; not active; producing no effects; as, laws renderd inoperative by neglect; inoperative remedies or processes.

Inopercular, Inoperculate

In`o*per"cu*lar (?), In`o*per"cu*late (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having no operculum; -- said of certain gastropod shells.

Inopinable

In`o*pin"a*ble (?), a. [L. inopinabilis. See Inopinate.] Not to be expected; inconceivable. [Obs.] "Inopinable, incredible . . . saings." Latimer.

Inopinate

In*op"i*nate (?), a. [L. inopinatus. See In- not, and Opine.] Not expected or looked for. [Obs.]

Inopportune

In*op`por*tune" (, a. [L. inopportunus: cf. F. inopportun. See In- not, and Opportune.] Not opportune; inconvenient; unseasonable; as, an inopportune occurrence, remark, etc.
No visit could have been more inopportune. T. Hook.

Inopportunely

In*op`por*tune"ly, adv. Not opportunely; unseasonably; inconveniently.

Inopportunity

In*op`por*tu"ni*ty (?), n. Want of opportunity; unseasonableness; inconvenience. [R.]

Inoppressive

In`op*press"ive (?), a. Not oppressive or burdensome. O. Wolcott.

Inopulent

In*op"u*lent (?), a. [Pref. in- not + opulent: cf. F. inopulent.] Not opulent; not affluent or rich.

Inordinacy

In*or"di*na*cy (?), n. The state or quality of being inordinate; excessiveness; immoderateness; as, the inordinacy of love or desire. Jer. Taylor.

Inordinate

In*or"di*nate (?), a. [L. inordinatus disordered. See In- not, and Ordinate.] Not limited to rules prescribed, or to usual bounds; irregular; excessive; immoderate; as, an inordinate love of the world. "Inordinate desires." Milton. "Inordinate vanity." Burke. -- In*or"di*nate*ly, adv. -- In*or"di*nate*ness, n.

Inordination

In*or`di*na"tion (?), n. [L. inordinatio.] Deviation from custom, rule, or right; irregularity; inordinacy. [Obs.] South.
Every inordination of religion that is not in defect, is properly called superstition. Jer. Taylor.

Inorganic

In`or*gan"ic (?), a. [Pref. in- not + organic: cf. F. inorganique.] Not organic; without the organs necessary for life; devoid of an organized structure; unorganized; lifeness; inanimate; as, all chemical compounds are inorganic substances. &hand; The term inorganic is used to denote any one the large series of substances (as minerals, metals, etc.), which are not directly connected with vital processes, either in origin or nature, and which are broadly and relatively contrasted with organic subscances. See Organic. Inorganic Chemistry. See under Chemistry.

Inorganical

In`or*gan"ic*al (?), a. Inorganic. Locke.

Inorganically

In`or*gan"ic*al*ly, adv. In an inorganic manner.

Inorganity

In`or*gan"i*ty (?), n. Quality of being inorganic. [Obs.] "The inorganity of the soul." Sir T. Browne.

Inorganization

In*or`gan*i*za"tion (?), n. The state of being without organization.

Inorganized

In*or"gan*ized (?), a. Not having organic structure; devoid of organs; inorganic.

Inorthography

In`or*thog"ra*phy (?), n. Deviation from correct orthography; bad spelling. [Obs.] Feltham.

Inosculate

In*os"cu*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Inosculated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inosculating (?).] [Pref. in- in + osculate.]

1. To unite by apposition or contact, as two tubular vessels at their extremities; to anastomose.

2. To intercommunicate; to interjoin.

The several monthly divisions of the journal may inosculate, but not the several volumes. De Quincey.

Inosculate

In*os"cu*late (?), v. t.

1. To unite by apposition or contact, as two vessels in an animal body. Berkeley.

2. To unite intimately; to cause to become as one.

They were still together, grew (For so they said themselves) inosculated. Tennyson.

Inosculation

In*os`cu*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. inosculation.] The junction or connection of vessels, channels, or passages, so that their contents pass from one to the other; union by mouths or ducts; anastomosis; intercommunication; as, inosculation of veins, etc. Ray.

Inosinic

In`o*sin"ic (?), a. [From Inosite.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, inosite; as, inosinic acid.

Inosite

In"o*site (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A white crystalline substance with a sweet taste, found in certain animal tissues and fluids, particularly in the muscles of the heart and lungs, also in some plants, as in unripe pease, beans, potato sprouts, etc. Called also phaseomannite. &hand; Chemically,it has the composition represented by the formula, C6H12O6+H2O, and was formerly regarded as a carbohydrate, isomeric with dextrose, but is now known to be an aromatic compound (a hexacid phenol derivative of benzene).

Inoxidizable

In*ox"idi`za*ble (?), a. (Chem.) Incapable of being oxidized; as, gold and platinum are inoxidizable in the air.

Inoxidize

In*ox"i*dize (?), v. i. To prevent or hinder oxidation, rust, or decay; as, inoxidizing oils or varnishes.

In posse

In` pos"se (?). [L.] In possibility; possible, although not yet in existence or come to pass; -- contradistinguished from in esse.

Inquartation

In`quar*ta"tion (?), n. Quartation.

Inquest

In"quest (?), n. [OE. enqueste, OF. enqueste, F. enqu\'88te, LL. inquesta, for inquisita, fr. L. inquisitus, p.p. of inquirere. See Inquire.]

1. Inquiry; quest; search. [R.] Spenser.

The laborious and vexatious inquest that the soul must make after science. South.

2. (Law) (a) Judicial inquiry; official examination, esp. before a jury; as, a coroner's inquest in case of a sudden death. (b) A body of men assembled under authority of law to inquire into any matterm civil or criminal, particularly any case of violent or sudden death; a jury, particularly a coroner's jury. The grand jury is sometimes called the grand inquest. See under Grand. (c) The finding of the jury upon such inquiry. Coroner's inquest, an inquest held by a coroner to determine the cause of any violent, sudden, or mysterious death. See Coroner. -- Inquest of office, an inquiry made, by authority or direction of proper officer, into matters affecting the rights and interests of the crown or of the state. Craig. Bouvier.

Inquiet

In*qui"et (?), v. t. [L. inquietare: cf. F. inquieter. See Quiet.] To disquiet. [Obs.] Joye.

Inquietation

In*qui`e*ta"tion (?), n. [L. inquietatio : cf. F. inquielation.] Disturbance. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

Inquietness

In*qui"et*ness, n. Unquietness. [Obs.] Joye.

Inquietude

In*qui"e*tude (?), n. [L. inquietudo: cf. F. inquietude.] Disturbed state; uneasiness either of body or mind; restlessness; disquietude. Sir H. Wotton.

Inquiline

In"qui*line (?), n. [L. inquilinus a tenant, lodger.] (Zo\'94l.) A gallfly which deposits its eggs in galls formed by other insects.

Inquinate

In"qui*nate (?), v. t. [L. inquinatus, p.p. of inquinare to defile.] To defile; to pollute; to contaminate; to befoul. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Inquination

In`qui*na"tion (?), n. [L. inquinatio.] A defiling; pollution; stain. [Obs.] Bacon.

Inquirable

In*quir"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF. enquerable.] Capable of being inquired into; subject or liable to inquisition or inquest. Bacon.

Inquirance

In*quir"ance (?), n. Inquiry. [Obs.] Latimer.

Inquire

In*quire" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Inquired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inquiring.] [OE. enqueren, inqueren, OF. enquerre, F. enqu\'82rir, L. inquirere, inquisitum; pref. in- in + quarere to seek. See Quest a seeking, and cf. Inquiry.] [Written also enquire.]

1. To ask a question; to seek for truth or information by putting queries.

We will call the damsel, and inquire. Gen. xxiv. 57.
Then David inquired of the Lord yet again. And the Lord answered him. 1 Sam. xxiii. 4.

2. To seek to learn anything by recourse to the proper means of knoledge; to make examination.

And inquire Gladly into the ways of God with man. Miltom.
&hand; This word is followed by of before the person asked; as, to inquire of a neighbor. It is followed by concerning, after, or about, before the subject of inquiry; as, his friends inquired about or concerning his welfare. "Thou dost not inquire wisely concerning this." Eccl. vii. 10. It is followed by into when search is made for particular knowledge or information; as, to inquire into the cause of a sudden death. It is followed by for or after when a place or person is sought, or something is missing. "Inquire in the house of Judas for one called Saul of Tarsus." Acts ix. 11.

Inquire

In*quire", v. t.

1. To ask about; to seek to know by asking; to make examination or inquiry respecting.

Having thus at length inquired the truth concerning law and dispense. Milton.
And all obey and few inquire his will. Byron.

2. To call or name. [Obs.] Spenser. Syn. -- To ask; question. See Question.

Inquirent

In*quir"ent (?), a. [L. inquirens, p. pr.] Making inquiry; inquiring; questioning. [Obs.] Shenstone.

Inquirer

In*quir"er (?), n. [Written also enquirer.] One who inquires or examines; questioner; investigator. Locke.
Expert inquirers after truth. Cowper.

Inquiring

In*quir"ing, a. Given to inquiry; disposed to investigate causes; curious; as, an inquiring mind.

Inquiringly

In*quir"ing*ly, adv. In an inquiring manner.

Inquiry

In*quir"y (?), n.; pl. Inquiries (#). [See Inquire.] [Written also enquiry.]

1. The act of inquiring; a seeking for information by asking questions; interrogation; a question or questioning.

He could no path nor track of foot descry, Nor by inquiry learn, nor guess by aim. Spenser.
The men which were sent from Cornelius had made inquiry for Simon's house, and stood before the gate. Acts x. 17.

2. Search for truth, information, or knoledge; examination into facts or principles; research; invextigation; as, physical inquiries.

All that is wanting to the perfection of this art will undoubtedly be found, if able men . . . will make inquiry into it. Dryden.
Court of inquiry. See under Court. -- Writ of inquiry, a writ issued in certain actions at law, where the defendant has suffered judgment to pass against him by default, in order to ascertain and assess the plaintiff's damages, where they can not readily be ascertained by mere calculation. Burrill. Syn. -- Interrogation; interrogatory; question; query; scrutiny; investigation; research; examination.

Inquisible

In*quis"i*ble (?), a. Admitting judicial inquiry. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Inquisition

In`qui*si"tion (?), n. [L. inquisitio : cf. F. inquisition. See Inquire, and cf. Inquest.]

1. The act of inquiring; inquiry; search; examination; inspection; investigation.

As I could learn through earnest inquisition. Latimer.
Let not search and inquisition quail To bring again these foolish runaways. Shak.

2. (Law) (a) Judicial inquiry; official examination; inquest. (b) The finding of a jury, especially such a finding under a writ of inquiry. Bouvier.

The justices in eyre had it formerly in charge to make inquisition concerning them by a jury of the county. Blackstone.

3. (R. C. Ch.) A court or tribunal for the examination and punishment of heretics, fully established by Pope Gregory IX. in 1235. Its operations were chiefly confined to Spain, Portugal, and their dependencies, and a part of Italy.

Inquisition

In`qui*si"tion, v. t. To make inquisistion concerning; to inquire into. [Obs.] Milton.

Inquisitional

In`qui*si"tion*al (?), a. [LL. inquisitionalis.] Relating to inquiry or inquisition; inquisitorial; also, of or pertaining to, or characteristic of, the Inquisition.
All the inquisitional rigor . . . executed upon books. Milton.

Inquisitionary

In`qui*si"tion*a*ry, (, a. [Cf. F. inquisitionnaire.] [R.] Inquisitional.

Inquisitive

In*quis"i*tive (?), a. [OE. inquisitif, F. inquisitif.]

1. Disposed to ask questions, especially in matters which do not concern the inquirer.

A wise man is not inquisitive about things impertinent. Broome.

2. Given to examination, investigation, or research; searching; curious.

A young, inquisitive, and sprightly genius. I. Watts.
Syn. -- Inquiring; prying; curious; meddling; intrusive. -- Inquisitive, Curious, Prying. Curious denotes a feeling, and inquisitive a habit. We are curious when we desire to learn something new; we are inquisitive when we set ourselves to gain it by inquiry or research. Prying implies inquisitiveness, and is more commonly used in a bad sense, as indicating a desire to penetrate into the secrets of others.
[We] curious are to hear, What happens new. Milton.
This folio of four pages [a newspaper], happy work! Which not even critics criticise; that holds Inquisitive attention, while I read. Cowper.
Nor need we with a prying eye survey The distant skies, to find the Milky Way. Creech.

Inquisitive

In*quis"i*tive, n. A person who is inquisitive; one curious in research. Sir W. Temple.

Inquisitively

In*quis"i*tive*ly, adv. In an inquisitive manner.
The occasion that made him afterwards so inquisitively apply himself to the study of physic. Boyle.

Inquisitiveness

In*quis"i*tive*ness, n. The quality or state of being inquisitive; the disposition to seek explanation and information; curiosity to learn what is unknown; esp., uncontrolled and impertinent curiosity.
Mr. Boswell, whose inquisitiveness is seconded by great activity, scrambled in at a high window. Johnson.
Curiosity in children nature has provided, to remove that ignorance they were born with; which, without this busy inquisitiveness, will make them dull. Locke.

Inquisitor

In*quis"i*tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. inquisiteur. See Inquire.]

1. An inquisitive person; one fond of asking questions. [R.] "Inquisitors are tatlers." Feltham.

2. (Law) One whose official duty it is to examine and inquire, as coroners, sheriffs, etc. Mozley & W.

3. (R.C.Ch.) A member of the Court of Inquisition.

Inquisitorial

In*quis`i*to"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. F. inquisitorial.]

1. Pertaining to inquisition; making rigorous and unfriendly inquiry; searching; as, inquisitorial power. "Illiberal and inquisitorial abuse." F. Blackburne.

He conferred on it a kind of inquisitorial and censorious power even over the laity, and directed it to inquire into all matters of conscience. Hume.

2. Pertaining to the Court of Inquisition or resembling its practices. "Inquisitorial robes." C. Buchanan.

Inquisitorially

In*quis`i*to"ri*al*ly, adv. In an inquisitorial manner.

Inquisitorious

In*quis`i*to"ri*ous (?), a. Making strict inquiry; inquisitorial. [Obs.] Milton.

Inquisiturient

In*quis`i*tu"ri*ent (?), a. Inquisitorial. [Obs.] "Our inquisiturient bishops." Milton.

Inracinate

In*rac"i*nate (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in + F. racine root: cf. F. enraciner.] To enroot or implant.

Inrail

In*rail" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inrailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inrailing.] To rail in; to inclose or surround, as with rails. Hooker.

Inregister

In*reg"is*ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inreristered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inregistering.] [Pref. in- in + register: cf. F. enregistrer. Cf. Enregister.] To register; to enter, as in a register. [R.] Walsh.

Inroad

In"road` (?), n. The entrance of an enemy into a country with purposes of hostility; a sudden or desultory incursion or invasion; raid; encroachment.
The loss of Shrewsbury exposed all North Wales to the daily inroads of the enemy. Clarendon.
With perpetual inroads to alarm, Though inaccessible, his fatal throne. Milton.
Syn. -- Invasion; incursion; irruption. See Invasion.
Page 768

Inroad

In*road" (?), v.t [imp. & p. p. Inroaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Inroading.] To make an inroad into; to invade. [Obs.]
The Saracens . . . conquered Spain, inroaded Aquitaine. Fuller.

Inroll

In*roll" (?), v. t. See Enroll.

Inrunning

In"run`ning (?), n. The act or the place of entrance; an inlet. Tennyson.

Inrush

In"rush` (?), n. A rush inwards; as, the inrush of the tide. G. Eliot.

Inrush

In*rush" (?), v. i. To rush in. [Obs.] Holland.

Insabbatati

In*sab`ba*ta"ti (?), n. pl. [LL. Insabatati. See 1st In-, and Sabot.] The Waldenses; -- so called from their peculiary cut or marked sabots, or shoes.

Insafety

In*safe"ty (?), n. Insecurity; danger. [Obs.]

Insalivation

In*sal`i*va"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The mixing of the food with the saliva and other secretions of the mouth in eating.

Insalubrious

In`sa*lu"bri*ous (?), a. [Pref. in- not + salubrious: cf. L. insalubris, F. insalubre.] Not salubrious or healthful; unwholesome; as, an insalubrious air or climate.

Insalubrity

In`sa*lu"bri*ty (?), n. [Cf.F. insalubrite.] Unhealthfulness; unwholesomeness; as, the insalubrity of air, water, or climate. Boyle.

Insalutary

In*sal"u*ta*ry (?), a. [L. insaluteris : cf. F. insalutaire. See In- not, and Salutary.]

1. Not salutary or wholesome; unfavorable to health.

2. Not tending to safety; productive of evil.

Insanability

In*san`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state of being insanable or incurable; insanableness.

Insanable

In*san"a*ble (?), a. [L. insanabilis; cf. OF. insanable. See In- not, and Sanable.] Not capable of being healed; incurable; irremediable.

Insanableness

In*san"a*ble*ness, n. The state of being insanable; insanability; incurableness.

Insanably

In*san"a*bly, adv. In an incurable manner.

Insane

In*sane" (?), a. [L. insanus. See In- not, and Sane.]

1. Exhibiting unsoundness or disorded of mind; not sane; mad; deranged in mind; delirious; distracted. See Insanity, 2.

2. Used by, or appropriated to, insane persons; as, an insane hospital.

3. Causing insanity or madness. [R.]

Or have we eaten on the insaneroot That takes the reason prisoner ? Shak.

4. Characterized by insanity or the utmost folly; chimerical; unpractical; as, an insane plan, attempt, etc.

I know not which was the insane measure. Southey.

Insanely

In*sane"ly, adv. Without reason; madly; foolishly.

Insaneness

In*sane"ness, n. Insanity; madness.

Insaniate

In*sa"ni*ate (?), v. t. To render unsound; to make mad. [Obs.] Feltham.

Insanie

In*sa"nie (?), n. Insanity. [Obs.] Shak.

Insanitary

In*san"i*ta*ry (?), a. Not sanitary; unhealthy; as, insanitary conditions of drainage.

Insanitation

In*san`i*ta"tion (?), n. Lack of sanitation; careless or dangerous hygienic conditions.

Insanity

In*san"i*ty (?), n. [L. insanitas unsoundness; cf. insania insanity, F. insanite.]

1. The state of being insane; unsoundness or derangement of mind; madness; lunacy.

All power of fancy overreason is a degree of insanity. Johnson.
Without grace The heart's insanity admits no cure. Cowper.

2. (Law) Such a mental condition, as, either from the existence of delusions, or from incapacity to distinguish between right and wrong, with regard to any matter under action, does away with individual responsibility. Syn>- Insanity, Lunacy, Madness, Derangement, Aliention, Aberration, Mania, Delirium, Frenzy, Monomania, Dementia. Insanity is the generic term for all such diseases; lunacy has now an equal extent of meaning, though once used to denote periodical insanity; madness has the same extent, though originally referring to the rage created by the disease; derangement, alienation, are popular terms for insanity; delirium, mania, and frenzy denote excited states of the disease; dementia denotes the loss of mental power by this means; monomania is insanity upon a single subject.

Insapory

In*sa"po*ry (?), a. [Pref. in- not + sapor.] Tasteless; unsavory. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.

Insatiability

In*sa`tia*bil"i*ty (?), n., [L. insatiabilitas; cf. F. insatiabilite.] The state or quality of being insatiable; insatiableness.
Eagerness for increase of possession deluges the soul, and we sink into the gulfs of insatiability. Rambler.

Insatiable

In*sa"tia*ble (?), a. [F. insatiable, L. ionsatiabilis. See In- not, and Satiable.] Not satiable; incapable of being satisfied or appeased; very greedy; as, an insatiable appetite, thirst, or desire.
"Insatiable of glory." Milton.

Insatiableness

In*sa"tia*ble*ness, n. Greediness of appetite that can not be satisfied or appeased; insatiability.
The eye of the covetous hath a more particular insatiableness. Bp. Hall.

Insatiably

In*sa"tia*bly, adv. In an insatiable manner or degree; unappeasably. "Insatiably covetous." South.

Insatiate

In*sa"ti*ate (?), a. [L. insatiatus.] Insatiable; as, insatiate thirst.
The insatiate greediness of his desires. Shak.
And still insatiate, thirsting still for blood. Hook.

Insatiately

In*sa"ti*ate*ly, adv. Insatiably. Sir T. Herbert.

Insatiateness

In*sa"ti*ate*ness, n. The state of being insatiate.

Insatiety

In`sa*ti"e*ty (?), n. [L. insatietas: cf. F. insatiete. See Satiety.] Insatiableness. T. Grander.

Insatisfaction

In*sat`is*fac"tion (?), n.

1. Insufficiency; emptiness. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. Dissatisfaction. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Insaturable

In*sat"u*ra*ble (?), a. [L. insaturabilis: cf. F. insaturable. See In- not, and Saturable.] Not capable of being saturated or satisfied.

Inscience

In"science (?), n. [L. inscientia: cf.F. inscience.] Want of knowledge; ignorance. [Obs.]

Inscient

In"scient (?), a. [L. insciens, -entis, ignorant. See In- not, and Scient, Science.] Having little or no knowledge; ignorant; stupid; silly. [R.] N. Bacon.

Inscient

In"scient, a. [Pref. in- in + L. sciens knowing.] Having knowledge or insight; intelligent. [R.]
Gaze on, with inscient vision, toward the sun. Mrs. Browning.

Insconce

In*sconce" (?), v. t. See Ensconce.

Inscribable

In*scrib"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being inscribed, -- used specif. (Math.) of solids or plane figures capable of being inscribed in other solids or figures.

Inscribableness

In*scrib"a*ble*ness, n. Quality of being inscribable.

Inscribe

In*scribe" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inscribed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inscribing.] [L. inscribere. See 1st In-, and Scribe.]

1. To write or engrave; to mark down as something to be read; to imprint.

Inscribe a verse on this relenting stone. Pope.

2. To mark with letters, charakters, or words.

O let thy once lov'd friend inscribe thy stone. Pope.

3. To assign or address to; to commend to by a shot address; to dedicate informally; as, to inscribe an ode to a friend. Dryden.

4. To imprint deeply; to impress; to stamp; as, to inscribe a sentence on the memory.

5. (Geom.) To draw within so as to meet yet not cut the boundaries. &hand; A line is inscribed in a circle, or in a sphere, when its two ends are in the circumference of the circle, or in the surface of the sphere. A triangle is inscribed in another triangle, when the three angles of the former are severally on the three sides of the latter. A circle is inscribed in a polygon, when it touches each side of the polygon. A sphere is inscribed in a polyhedron, when the sphere touches each boundary plane of the polyhedron. The latter figure in each case is circumscribed about the former.

Inscriber

In*scrib"er (?), n. One who inscribes. Pownall.

Inscriptible

In*scrip"ti*ble (?), a. Capable of being inscribed; inscribable.

Inscription

In*scrip"tion (?), n. [L. inscriptio, fr.inscribere, inscriptum, to inscribe: cf. F. inscription. See Inscribe.]

1. The act or process of inscribing.

2. That which is inscribed; something written or engraved; especially, a word or words written or engraved on a solid substance for preservation or public inspection; as, inscriptions on monuments, pillars, coins, medals, etc.

3. (Anat.) A line of division or intersection; as, the tendinous inscriptions, or intersections, of a muscle.

4. An address, consignment, or informal dedication, as of a book to a person, as a mark of respect or an invitation of patronage.

Inscriptive

In*scrip"tive (?), a. Bearing inscription; of the character or nature of an inscription.

Inscroll

In*scroll" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inscrolled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inscrolling.] To write on a scroll; to record. [Written also inscrol.] Shak.

Inscrutability

In*scru`ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being inscrutable; inscrutableness.

Inscrutable

In*scru"ta*ble (?), a. [L. inscrutabilis : cf. F. inscrutable. See In- not, and Scrutiny.] Unsearchable; incapable of being searched into and understood by inquiry or study; impossible or difficult to be explained or accounted for satisfactorily; obscure; incomprehensible; as, an inscrutable design or event.
'T is not in man To yield a reason for the will of Heaven Which is inscrutable. Beau. & Fl.
Waiving a question so inscrutable as this. De Quincey.

Inscrutableness

In*scru"ta*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being inscrutable; inscrutability.

Inscrutably

In*scru"ta*bly, adv. In an inscrutable manner.

Insculp

In*sculp" (?), v. t. [L. insculpere: cf. F. insculper. See 1st In-, and Sculptor.] To engrave; to carve; to sculpture. [Obs. & R.] Shak.
Which he insculped in two likely stones. Drayton.

Insculption

In*sculp"tion (?), n. Inscription. [Obs.]

Insculpture

In*sculp"ture (?), n. An engraving, carving, or inscription. [Obs.]
On his gravestone this insculpture. Shak.

Insculptured

In*sculp"tured (?), p. a. Engraved. Glover.

Inseam

In*seam" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inseamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inseaming.] To impress or mark with a seam or cicatrix. Pope.

Insearch

In*search" (?), v. t. To make search after; to investigate or examine; to ensearch. [Obs.]

Insecable

In*sec"a*ble (?), a. [L. insecabilis; pref. in- not + secabilis that may be cut: cf. F. insecable.] Incapable of being divided by cutting; indivisible.

Insect

In"sect (?), n. [F.insecte, L. insectum, fr. insectus, p.p. of insecare to cut in. See Section. The name was originally given to certain small animals, whose bodies appear cut in, or almost divided. Cf. Entomology.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Insecta; esp., one of the Hexapoda. See Insecta. &hand; The hexapod insects pass through three stages during their growth, viz., the larva, pupa, and imago or adult, but in some of the orders the larva differs little from the imago, except in lacking wings, and the active pupa is very much like the larva, except in having rudiments of wings. In the higher orders, the larva is usually a grub, maggot, or caterpillar, totally unlike the adult, while the pupa is very different from both larva and imago and is inactive, taking no food.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any air-breathing arthropod, as a spider or scorpion.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Any small crustacean. In a wider sense, the word is often loosely applied to various small invertebrates.

4. Fig.: Any small, trivial, or contemptible person or thing. Thomson. <-- Russian: bukashka --> Insect powder,a powder used for the extermination of insects; esp., the powdered flowers of certain species of Pyrethrum, a genus now merged in Chrysanthemum. Called also Persian powder.<-- containing pyrethrin -->

Insect

In"sect (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to an insect or insects.

2. Like an insect; small; mean; ephemeral.

Insecta

In*sec"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Insect.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) One of the classes of Arthropoda, including those that have one pair of antenn\'91, three pairs of mouth organs, and breathe air by means of trache\'91, opening by spiracles along the sides of the body. In this sense it includes the Hexapoda, or six-legged insects and the Myriapoda, with numerous legs. See Insect, n.

2. (Zo\'94l.) In a more restricted sense, the Hexapoda alone. See Hexapoda.

3. (Zo\'94l.) In the most general sense, the Hexapoda, Myriapoda, and Arachnoidea, combined. &hand; The typical Insecta, or hexapod insects, are divided into several orders, viz.: Hymenoptera, as the bees and ants; Diptera, as the common flies and gnats; Aphaniptera, or fleas; Lepidoptera, or moths and butterflies; Neuroptera, as the ant-lions and hellgamite; Coleoptera, or beetles; Hemiptera, as bugs, lice, aphids; Orthoptera, as grasshoppers and cockroaches; Pseudoneuroptera, as the dragon flies and termites; Euplexoptera, or earwings; Thysanura, as the springtails, podura, and lepisma. See these words in the Vocabulary.

Insectary

In"sec*ta*ry (?), n. A place for keeping living insects. -- In`sec*ta"ri*um (#), n. [L.]

Insectation

In`sec*ta"tion (?), n. [L. insectatio. See Insectator.] The act of pursuing; pursuit; harassment; persecution. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

Insectator

In`sec*ta"tor (?), n. [L., fr. insectari to pursue, freq. fr. insequi. See Ensue.] A pursuer; a persecutor; a censorious critic. [Obs.] Bailey.

Insected

In"sect*ed (?), a. Pertaining to, having the nature of, or resembling, an insect. Howell.

Insecticide

In*sec"ti*cide (?), n. [Insect + L. caedere to kill.] An agent or preparation for destroying insects; an insect powder. -- In*sec"ti*ci`dal (#), a.

Insectile

In*sec"tile (?), a. Pertaining to, or having the nature of, insects. Bacon.

Insection

In*sec"tion (?), n. [See Insect.] A cutting in; incisure; incision.

Insectivora

In`sec*tiv"o*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. insectum an insect + vorare to devour.] (Zo\'94l.)

1. An order of mammals which feed principally upon insects. &hand; They are mostly of small size, and their molar teeth have sharp cusps. Most of the species burrow in the earth, and many of those of cold climates hibernate in winter. The order includes the moles, shrews, hedgehogs, tanrecs, and allied animals, also the colugo.

2. A division of the Cheiroptera, including the common or insect-eating bats.

Insectivore

In*sec"ti*vore (?), n.; pl. Insectivores (-v&omac;rz). [F.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Insectivora.

Insectivorous

In`sec*tiv"o*rous (?), a. [See Insectivora.] Feeding or subsisting on insects; carnivorous. The term is applied: (a) to plants which have some special adaptation for catching and digesting insects, as the sundew, Venus's flytrap, Sarracenia, etc. (b) to the Insectivora, and to many bats, birds, and reptiles.

Insectologer

In`sec*tol"o*ger (?), n. An entomologist. [Obs.]

Insectology

In`sec*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Insect + -logy: cf. F. insectologie.] Entomology. [Obs.]

Insecure

In`se*cure" (?), a.

1. Not secure; not confident of safety or permanence; distrustful; suspicious; apprehensive of danger or loss.

With sorrow and insecure apprehensions. Jer. Taylor.

2. Not effectually guarded, protected, or sustained; unsafe; unstable; exposed to danger or loss. Bp. Hurg.

The trade with Egypt was exceedingly insecure and precarious. Mickle.

Insecurely

In`se*cure"ly, adv. In an insecure manner.

Insecureness

In`se*cure"ness, n. Insecurity.

Insecurity

In`se*cu"ri*ty (?), n.; pl. Insecurities (#). [Pref.in- not + security : cf. LL. insecuritas, F. insecurite.]

1. The condition or quality of being insecure; want of safety; danger; hazard; as, the insecurity of a building liable to fire; insecurity of a debt.

2. The state of feeling insecure; uncertainty; want of confidence.

With what insecurity of truth we ascribe effects . . . unto arbitrary calculations. Sir T. Browne.
A time of insecurity, when interests of all sorts become objects of speculation. Burke.

Insecution

In`se*cu"tion (?), n. [L. insecutio, fr. insequi p. p. insecutus. See Ensue.] A following after; close pursuit. [Obs.] Chapman.
Page 769

Inseminate

In*sem"i*nate (?), v. t. [L. inseminatus, p. p. of inseminare to sow. See Seminate.] To sow; to impregnate. [Obs.]

Insemination

In*sem`i*na"tion (?), n. A sowing. [Obs.]

Insensate

In*sen"sate (?), a. [L. insensatus. See In- not, and Sensate.] Wanting sensibility; destitute of sense; stupid; foolish.
The silence and the calm Of mute, insensate things. Wordsworth.
The meddling folly or insensate ambition of statesmen. Buckle.
-- In*sen"sate*ly, adv. -- In*sen"sate*ness, n.

Insense

In*sense" (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in + sense.] To make to understand; to instruct. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Insensibility

In*sen`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. insensibilit\'82.]

1. The state or quality of being insensible; want of sensibility; torpor; unconsciousness; as, the insensibility produced by a fall, or by opiates.

2. Want of tenderness or susceptibility of emotion or passion; dullness; stupidity. Syn. -- Dullness; numbness; unfeelingness; stupidity; torpor; apathy; impassiveness; indifference.

Insensible

In*sen"si*ble (?), a. [L. insensibilis: cf. F. insensible. See In- not, and Sensible.]

1. Destitute of the power of feeling or perceiving; wanting bodily sensibility. Milton.

2. Not susceptible of emotion or passion; void of feeling; apathetic; unconcerned; indifferent; as, insensible to danger, fear, love, etc.; -- often used with of or to.

Accept an obligation without being a slave to the giver, or insensible to his kindness. Sir H. Wotton.
Lost in their loves, insensible of shame. Dryden.

3. Incapable of being perceived by the senses; imperceptible. Hence: Progressing by imperceptible degrees; slow; gradual; as, insensible motion.

Two small and almost insensible pricks were found upon Cleopatra's arm. Sir T. Browne.
They fall away, And languish with insensible decay. Dryden.

4. Not sensible or reasonable; meaningless. [Obs.]

If it make the indictment be insensible or uncertain, it shall be quashed. Sir M. Hale.
Syn. -- Imperceptible; imperceivable; dull; stupid; torpid; numb; unfeeling; apathetic; stoical; impassive; indifferent; unsusceptible; hard; callous.

Insensibleness

In*sen"si*ble*ness, n. Insensibility. Bp. Hall.

Insensibly

In*sen"si*bly, adv. In a manner not to be felt or perceived; imperceptibly; gradually.
The hills rise insensibly. Addison.

Insensitive

In*sen"si*tive (?), a. Not sensitive; wanting sensation, or wanting acute sensibility. Tillotson. Ruskin.

Insensuous

In*sen"su*ous (?), a. [Pref. in- not + sensuous.] Not sensuous; not pertaining to, affecting, or addressing, the senses.
That intermediate door Betwixt the different planes of sensuous form And form insensuous. Mrs. Browning.

Insentiment

In*sen"ti*ment (?), a. Not sentient; not having perception, or the power of perception.
The . . . attributes of an insentient, inert substance. Reid.
But there can be nothing like to this sensation in the rose, because it is insentient. Sir W. Hamilton.

Inseparability

In*sep`a*ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. inseparabilitas: cf. F. ins\'82parabilit\'82.] The quality or state of being inseparable; inseparableness. Locke.

Inseparable

In*sep"a*ra*ble (?), a. [L. inseparabilis: cf. F. ins\'82parable. See In-, and Separable.]

1. Not separable; incapable of being separated or disjoined.

The history of every language is inseparable from that of the people by whom it is spoken. Mure.
Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable. D. Webster.

2. (Gram.) Invariably attached to some word, stem, or root; as, the inseparable particle un-.

Inseparableness

In*sep"a*ra*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being inseparable; inseparability. Bp. Burnet.

Inseparably

In*sep"a*ra*bly, adv. In an inseparable manner or condition; so as not to be separable. Bacon.
And cleaves through life inseparably close. Cowper.

Inseparate

In*sep"a*rate (?), a. [L. inseparatus. See In- not, and Separate.] Not separate; together; united. Shak.

Inseparately

In*sep"a*rate*ly, adv. Inseparably. [Obs.] Cranmer.

Insert

In*sert" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inserted; p. pr. & vb. n. Inserting.] [L. insertus, p. p. of inserere to insert; pref. in- in + serere to join, connect. See Series.] To set within something; to put or thrust in; to introduce; to cause to enter, or be included, or contained; as, to insert a scion in a stock; to insert a letter, word, or passage in a composition; to insert an advertisement in a newspaper.
These words were very weakly inserted where they will be so liable to misconstruction. Bp. Stillingfleet.

Inserted

In*sert"ed, a. (Bot.) Situated upon, attached to, or growing out of, some part; -- said especially of the parts of the flower; as, the calyx, corolla, and stamens of many flowers are inserted upon the receptacle. Gray.

Inserting

In*sert"ing, n.

1. A setting in.

2. Something inserted or set in, as lace, etc., in garments. [R.]

Insertion

In*ser"tion (?), n. [L. insertio: cf. F. insertion. See Insert.]

1. The act of inserting; as, the insertion of scions in stocks; the insertion of words or passages in writings.

2. The condition or mode of being inserted or attached; as, the insertion of stamens in a calyx.

3. That which is set in or inserted, especially a narrow strip of embroidered lace, muslin, or cambric.

4. (Anat.) The point or part by which a muscle or tendon is attached to the part to be moved; -- in contradistinction to its origin. Epigynous insertion (Bot.), the insertion of stamens upon the ovary. -- Hypogynous insertion (Bot.), insertion beneath the ovary.

Inserve

In*serve" (?), v. i. [L. inservire; in- in + servire to serve.] To be of use to an end; to serve. [Obs.]

Inservient

In*serv"i*ent (?), a. [L. inserviens, p. pr. of inservire.] Conducive; instrumental. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Insession

In*ses"sion (?), n. [L. insessio, fr. insidere, insessum, to sit in. See Insidious.]

1. The act of sitting, as in a tub or bath. "Used by way of fomentation, insession, or bath." [R.] Holland.

2. That in which one sits, as a bathing tub. [R.]

Insessions be bathing tubs half full. Holland.

Insessor

In*ses"sor (?), n.; pl. Insessores (#). [See Insessores.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Insessores. The group includes most of the common singing birds.

Insessores

In`ses*so"res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. insessor, lit., one who sits down, fr. incidere. See Insession.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of birds, formerly established to include the perching birds, but now generally regarded as an artificial group.

Insessorial

In`ses*so"ri*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.)

1. Pertaining to, or having the character of, perching birds.

2. Belonging or pertaining to the Insessores.

Inset

In*set" (?), v. t. To infix. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Inset

In"set (?), n.

1. That which is inserted or set in; an insertion.

2. (Bookbinding) One or more separate leaves inserted in a volume before binding; as: (a) A portion of the printed sheet in certain sizes of books which is cut off before folding, and set into the middle of the folded sheet to complete the succession of paging; -- also called offcut. (b) A page or pages of advertisements inserted.

Inseverable

In*sev"er*a*ble (?), a. Incapable of being severed; indivisible; inseparable. De Quincey.

Inshaded

In*shad"ed (?), a. Marked with different shades. W. Browne.

Inshave

In"shave` (?), n. (Mech.) A plane for shaving or dressing the concave or inside faces of barrel staves.

Insheathe

In*sheathe" (?), v. t. To insert as in a sheath; to sheathe. Hughes.

Inshell

In*shell" (?), v. t. To hide in a shell. [Obs.] Shak.

Inship

In*ship" (?), v. t. To embark. [Obs.] Shak.

Inshore

In"shore` (?), a. Being near or moving towards the shore; as, inshore fisheries; inshore currents. -- adv. Towards the shore; as, the boat was headed inshore.

Inshrine

In*shrine" (?), v. t. See Enshrine.

Insiccation

In`sic*ca"tion (?), n. The act or process of drying in.

Inside

In"side` (?), prep. or adv. Within the sides of; in the interior; contained within; as, inside a house, book, bottle, etc.

Inside

In"side`, a

1. Being within; included or inclosed in anything; contained; interior; internal; as, the inside passengers of a stagecoach; inside decoration.

Kissing with inside lip. Shak.

2. Adapted to the interior. Inside callipers (Mech.), callipers for measuring the diameters of holes, etc. -- Inside finish (Arch.), a general term for the final work in any building necessary for its completion, but other than unusual decoration; thus, in joiner work, the doors and windows, inside shutters, door and window trimmings, paneled jams, baseboards, and sometimes flooring and stairs; in plaster work, the finishing coat, the cornices, centerpieces, etc.,; in painting, all simple painting of woodwork and plastering. -- Inside track, the inner part of a race course; hence, colloquially, advantage of place, facilities, etc., in competition.

Inside

In"side`, n.

1. The part within; interior or internal portion; content.

Looked he o' the inside of the paper? Shak.

2. pl. The inward parts; entrails; bowels; hence, that which is within; private thoughts and feelings.

Here's none but friends; we may speak Our insides freely. Massinger.

3. An inside passenger of a coach or carriage, as distinguished from one upon the outside. [Colloq. Eng.]

So down thy hill, romantic Ashbourne, glides The Derby dilly, carrying three insides. Anti-Jacobin.
Patent insides ∨ outside, a name give to newspaper sheets printed on one side with general and miscellaneous matter, and furnished wholesale to offices of small newspapers, where the blank pages are filled up with recent and local news.

Insidiate

In*sid"i*ate (?), v. t. [L. insidiatus, p. p. of insidiare to lie in ambush, fr. insidiae. See Insidious.] To lie in ambush for. [Obs.] Heywood.

Insidiator

In*sid"i*a`tor (?), n. [L.] One who lies in ambush. [Obs.] Barrow.

Insidious

In*sid"i*ous (?), a. [L. insidiosus, fr. insidiae an ambush, fr. insidere to sit in; pref. in- + sedere to sit: cf. F. insidieux. See Sit.]

1. Lying in wait; watching an opportunity to insnare or entrap; deceitful; sly; treacherous; -- said of persons; as, the insidious foe. "The insidious witch." Cowper.

2. Intended to entrap; characterized by treachery and deceit; as, insidious arts.

The insidious whisper of the bad angel. Hawthorne.
Insidious disease (Med.), a disease existing, without marked symptoms, but ready to become active upon some slight occasion; a disease not appearing to be as bad as it really is. Syn. -- Crafty; wily; artful; sly; designing; guileful; circumventive; treacherous; deceitful; deceptive. -- In*sid"i*ous*ly, adv. -- In*sid"i*ous*ness, n.

Insight

In"sight` (?), n.

1. A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; -- frequently used with into.

He had an insight into almost all the secrets of state. Jortin.

2. Power of acute observation and deduction; penetration; discernment; perception.

Quickest insight In all things that to greatest actions lead. Milton.

Insignia

In*sig"ni*a (?), n. pl. [L. insigne, pl. insignia, fr. insignis distinguished by a mark; pref. in- in + signum a mark, sign. See Ensign, Sign.]

1. Distinguishing marks of authority, office, or honor; badges; tokens; decorations; as, the insignia of royalty or of an order.

2. Typical and characteristic marks or signs, by which anything is known or distinguished; as, the insignia of a trade.

Insignificance

In`sig*nif"i*cance (?), n.

1. The condition or quality of being insignificant; want of significance, sense, or meaning; as, the insignificance of words or phrases.

2. Want of force or effect; unimportance; pettiness; inefficacy; as, the insignificance of human art.

3. Want of claim to consideration or notice; want of influence or standing; meanness.

Reduce him, from being the first person in the nation, to a state of insignificance. Beattie.

Insignificancy

In`sig*nif"i*can*cy (?), n. Insignificance.

Insignificant

In`sig*nif"i*cant (?), a.

1. Not significant; void of signification, sense, or import; meaningless; as, insignificant words.

2. Having no weight or effect; answering no purpose; unimportant; valueless; futile.

Laws must be insignificant without the sanction of rewards and punishments. Bp. Wilkins.

3. Without weight of character or social standing; mean; contemptible; as, an insignificant person. Syn. -- Unimportant; immaterial; inconsiderable; small; inferior; trivial; mean; contemptible.

Insignificantly

In`sig*nif"i*cant*ly, adv. without significance, importance, or effect; to no purpose. "Anger insignificantly fierce." Cowper.

Insignificative

In`sig*nif"i*ca*tive (?), a. [L. insignificativus. See In- not, and Significative.] Not expressing meaning; not significant.

Insignment

In*sign"ment (?), n. [See Insignia.] A token, mark, or explanation. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

Insimulate

In*sim"u*late (?), v. t. [L. insimulatus, p. p. of insimulare to accuse.] To accuse. [Obs.] Donne.

Insincere

In`sin*cere" (?), a. [L. insincerus. See In- not, and Sincere.]

1. Not being in truth what one appears to be; not sincere; dissembling; hypocritical; disingenuous; deceitful; false; -- said of persons; also of speech, thought; etc.; as, insincere declarations.

2. Disappointing; imperfect; unsound. [Obs.]

To render sleep's soft blessings insincere. Pope.
Syn. -- Dissembling; hollow; hypocritical; deceptive deceitful; false; disingenuous; untrustworthy.

Insincerely

In`sin*cere"ly, adv. Without sincerity.

Insincerity

In`sin*cer"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. insinc\'82rit\'82.] The quality of being insincere; want of sincerity, or of being in reality what one appears to be; dissimulation; hypocritical; deceitfulness; hollowness; untrustworthiness; as, the insincerity of a professed friend; the insincerity of professions of regard.
What men call policy and knowledge of the world, is commonly no other thing than dissimulation and insincerity. Blair.

Insinew

In*sin"ew (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Insinewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Insinewing.] To strengthen, as with sinews; to invigorate. [Obs.]
All members of our cause, . . . That are insinewed to this action. Shak.

Insinuant

In*sin"u*ant (?), a. [L. insinuans, p. pr.: cf. F. insinuant.] Insinuating; insinuative. [Obs.]

Insinuate

In*sin"u*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Insinuated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Insinuating.] [L. insinuatus, p. p. of insinuareto insinuate; pref. in- in + sinus the bosom. See Sinuous.]

1. To introduce gently or slowly, as by a winding or narrow passage, or a gentle, persistent movement.

The water easily insinuates itself into, and placidly distends, the vessels of vegetables. Woodward.

2. To introduce artfully; to infuse gently; to instill.

All the art of rhetoric, besides order and clearness, are for nothing else but to insinuate wrong ideas, move the passions, and thereby mislead the judgment. Locke.
Horace laughs to shame all follies and insinuates virtue, rather by familiar examples than by the severity of precepts. Dryden.

3. To hint; to suggest by remote allusion; -- often used derogatorily; as, did you mean to insinuate anything?

4. To push or work (one's self), as into favor; to introduce by slow, gentle, or artful means; to ingratiate; -- used reflexively.

He insinuated himself into the very good grace of the Duke of Buckingham. Clarendon.
Syn. -- To instill; hint; suggest; intimate.

Insinuate

In*sin"u*ate, v. i.

1. To creep, wind, or flow in; to enter gently, slowly, or imperceptibly, as into crevices.

2. To ingratiate one's self; to obtain access or favor by flattery or cunning.

He would insinuate with thee but to make thee sigh. Shak.
To insinuate, flatter, bow, and bend my limbs. Shak.

Insinuating

In*sin"u*a`ting (?), a. Winding, creeping, or flowing in, quietly or stealthily; suggesting; winning favor and confidence insensibly. Milton.
His address was courteous, and even insinuating. Prescott.

Insinuatingly

In*sin"u*a`ting*ly, adv. By insinuation.

Insinuation

In*sin"u*a`tion (?), n. [L. insinuatio: cf. F. insinuation.]

1. The act or process of insinuating; a creeping, winding, or flowing in.

By a soft insinuation mix'd With earth's large mass. Crashaw.

2. The act of gaining favor, affection, or influence, by gentle or artful means; -- formerly used in a good sense, as of friendly influence or interposition. Sir H. Wotton.

I hope through the insinuation of Lord Scarborough to keep them here till further orders. Lady Cowper.

3. The art or power of gaining good will by a prepossessing manner.

He bad a natural insinuation and address which made him acceptable in the best company. Clarendon.

4. That which is insinuated; a hint; a suggestion or intimation by distant allusion; as, slander may be conveyed by insinuations.

I scorn your coarse insinuation. Cowper.
Syn. -- Hint; intimation; suggestion. See Innuendo.
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Insinuative

In*sin"u*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. insinuatif.]

1. Stealing on or into the confidence or affections; having power to gain favor. "Crafty, insinuative, plausible men." Bp. Reynolds.

2. Using insinuations; giving hints; insinuating; as, insinuative remark.

Insinuator

In*sin"u*a`tor (?), n. [L., an introducer.] One who, or that which, insinuates. De Foe.

Insinuatory

In*sin"u*a*to*ry (?), a. Insinuative.

Insipid

In*sip"id (?), a. [L. insipidus; pref. in- not + sapidus savory, fr. sapere to taste: cf. F. insipide. See Savor.]

1. Wanting in the qualities which affect the organs of taste; without taste or savor; vapid; tasteless; as, insipid drink or food. Boyle.

2. Wanting in spirit, life, or animation; uninteresting; weak; vapid; flat; dull; heavy; as, an insipid woman; an insipid composition.

Flat, insipid, and ridiculous stuff to him. South.
But his wit is faint, and his salt, if I may dare to say so, almost insipid. Dryden.
Syn. -- Tasteless; vapid; dull; spiritless; unanimated; lifeless; flat; stale; pointless; uninteresting.

Insipidity, Insipidness

In`si*pid"i*ty (?), In*sip"id*ness (?), n. [Cf. F. insipidit\'82.] The quality or state of being insipid; vapidity. "Dryden's lines shine strongly through the insipidity of Tate's." Pope.

Insipidly

In*sip"id*ly, adv. In an insipid manner; without taste, life, or spirit; flatly. Locke. Sharp.

Insipience

In*sip"i*ence (?), n. [L. insipientia: cf. OF. insipience.] Want of intelligence; stupidity; folly. [R.] Blount.

Insipient

In*sip"i*ent (?), a. [L. insipiens; pref. in- not + sapiens wise.] Wanting wisdom; stupid; foolish. [R.] Clarendon. -- n. An insipient person. [R.] Fryth.

Insist

In*sist" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Insisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Insisting.] [F. insister, L. insistere to set foot upon, follow, persist; pref. in- in + sistere to stand, cause to stand. See Stand.]

1. To stand or rest; to find support; -- with in, on, or upon. [R.] Ray.

2. To take a stand and refuse to give way; to hold to something firmly or determinedly; to be persistent, urgent, or pressing; to persist in demanding; -- followed by on, upon, or that; as, he insisted on these conditions; he insisted on going at once; he insists that he must have money.

Insisting on the old prerogative. Shak.
Without further insisting on the different tempers of Juvenal and Horace. Dryden.
Syn. -- Insist, Persist. -- Insist implies some alleged right, as authority or claim. Persist may be from obstinacy alone, and either with or against rights. We insist as against others; we persist in what exclusively relates to ourselves; as, he persisted in that course; he insisted on his friend's adopting it. C. J. Smith.

Insistence

In*sist"ence (?), n. The quality of insisting, or being urgent or pressing; the act of dwelling upon as of special importance; persistence; urgency.

Insistent

In*sist"ent (?), a. [L. insistens, -entis, p. pr. of insistere.]

1. Standing or resting on something; as, an insistent wall. Sir H. Wotton.

2. Insisting; persistent; persevering.

3. (Zo\'94l.) See Incumbent.

Insistently

In*sist"ent*ly, adv. In an insistent manner.

Insisture

In*sis"ture (?; 135), n. A dwelling or standing on something; fixedness; persistence. [Obs.] Shak.

Insitency

In*si"ten*cy (?), n. [Pref. in- not + L. sitiens, p. pr. of sitire to be thirsty, fr. sitis thirst.] Freedom from thirst. [Obs.]
The insitiency of a camel for traveling in deserts. Grew.

Insition

In*si"tion (?; 277), n. [L. insitio, fr. inserere, insitum, to sow or plant in, to ingraft; pref. in- in + serere, satum, to sow.] The insertion of a scion in a stock; ingraftment. Ray.

In situ

In` si"tu (?). [L.] In its natural position or place; -- said of a rock or fossil, when found in the situation in which it was originally formed or deposited.

Insnare

In*snare" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Insnared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Insnaring.] [Written also ensnare.]

1. To catch in a snare; to entrap; to take by artificial means. "Insnare a gudgeon." Fenton.

2. To take by wiles, stratagem, or deceit; to involve in difficulties or perplexities; to seduce by artifice; to inveigle; to allure; to entangle.

The insnaring charms Of love's soft queen. Glover.

Insnarer

In*snar"er (?), n. One who insnares.

Insnarl

In*snarl" (?), v. t. To make into a snarl or knot; to entangle; to snarl. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

Insobriety

In`so*bri"e*ty (?), n. [Pref. in- not + : cf. F. insobri\'82t\'82.] Want of sobriety, moderation, or calmness; intemperance; drunkenness.

Insociability

In*so`cia*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. insociabilit\'82.] The quality of being insociable; want of sociability; unsociability. [R.] Bp. Warburton.

Insociable

In*so"cia*ble (?), a. [L. insociabilis: cf. F. insociable. See In- not, and Sociable.]

1. Incapable of being associated, joined, or connected. [Obs.]

Lime and wood are insociable. Sir H. Wotton.

2. Not sociable or companionable; disinclined to social intercourse or conversation; unsociable; taciturn.

This austere insociable life. Shak.

Insociably

In*so"cia*bly, adv. Unsociably.

Insociate

In*so"ci*ate (?), a. Not associate; without a companion; single; solitary; recluse. [Obs.] "The insociate virgin life." B. Jonson.

Insolate

In"so*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Insolated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Insolating.] [L. insolatus, p. p. of insolare to expose to the sun; pref. in- in + sol the sun.] To dry in, or to expose to, the sun's rays; to ripen or prepare by such exposure. Johnson.

Insolation

In`so*la"tion (?), n. [L. insolatio: cf. F. insolation.]

1. The act or process to exposing to the rays of the sun fro the purpose of drying or maturing, as fruits, drugs, etc., or of rendering acid, as vinegar.

2. (Med.) (a) A sunstroke. (b) Exposure of a patient to the sun's rays; a sun bath.

Insole

In"sole` (?), n. The inside sole of a boot or shoe; also, a loose, thin strip of leather, felt, etc., placed

Insolence

In"so*lence (?), n. [F. insolence, L. insolentia. See Insolent.]

1. The quality of being unusual or novel. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. The quality of being insolent; pride or haughtiness manifested in contemptuous and overbearing treatment of others; arrogant contempt; brutal imprudence.

Flown with insolence and wine. Milton.

3. Insolent conduct or treatment; insult.

Loaded with fetters and insolences from the soldiers. Fuller.

Insolence

In"so*lence, v. t. To insult. [Obs.] Eikon Basilike.

Insolency

In"so*len*cy (?), n. Insolence. [R.] Evelyn.

Insolent

In"so*lent (?), a. [F. insolent, L. insolens, -entis, pref. in- not + solens accustomed, p. pr. of solere to be accustomed.]

1. Deviating from that which is customary; novel; strange; unusual. [Obs.]

If one chance to derive any word from the Latin which is insolent to their ears . . . they forth with make a jest at it. Petti
If any should accuse me of being new or insolent. Milton.

2. Haughty and contemptuous or brutal in behavior or language; overbearing; domineering; grossly rude or disrespectful; saucy; as, an insolent master; an insolent servant. "A paltry, insolent fellow." Shak.

Insolent is he that despiseth in his judgment all other folks as in regard of his value, of his cunning, of his speaking, and of his bearing. Chaucer.
Can you not see? or will ye not observe . . . How insolent of late he is become, How proud, how peremptory? Shak.

3. Proceeding from or characterized by insolence; insulting; as, insolent words or behavior.

Their insolent triumph excited . . . indignation. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Overbearing; insulting; abusive; offensive; saucy; impudent; audacious; pert; impertinent; rude; reproachful; opprobrious. -- Insolent, Insulting. Insolent, in its primitive sense, simply denoted unusual; and to act insolently was to act in violation of the established rules of social intercourse. He who did this was insolent; and thus the word became one of the most offensive in our language, indicating gross disregard for the feelings of others. Insulting denotes a personal attack, either in words or actions, indicative either of scorn or triumph. Compare Impertinent, Affront, Impudence.

Insolently

In"so*lent*ly, adv. In an insolent manner.

Insolidity

In`so*lid"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. in- not + solidity: cf. F. insolidit\'82.] Want of solidity; weakness; as, the insolidity of an argument. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Insolubility

In*sol`u*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. insolubilitas: cf. F. insolubilit\'82.]

1. The quality or state of being insoluble or not dissolvable, as in a fluid.

2. The quality of being inexplicable or insolvable.

Insoluble

In*sol"u*ble (?), a. [L. insolubilis indissoluble, that can not be loosed: cf. F. insoluble. See In- not, and Soluble, and cf. Insolvable.]

1. Not soluble; in capable or difficult of being dissolved, as by a liquid; as, chalk is insoluble in water.

2. Not to be solved or explained; insolvable; as, an insoluble doubt, question, or difficulty.

3. Strong. "An insoluble wall." [Obs.] Holland

Insolubleness

In*sol"u*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being insoluble; insolubility. Boyle.

Insolvable

In*solv"a*ble (?), a.

1. Not solvable; insoluble; admitting no solution or explanation; as, an insolvable problem or difficulty. I. Watts.

2. Incapable of being paid or discharged, as debts.

3. Not capable of being loosed or disentangled; inextricable. "Bands insolvable." Pope.

Insolvency

In*sol"ven*cy (?), n.; pl. Insolvencies (. (Law) (a) The condition of being insolvent; the state or condition of a person who is insolvent; the condition of one who is unable to pay his debts as they fall due, or in the usual course of trade and business; as, a merchant's insolvency. (b) Insufficiency to discharge all debts of the owner; as, the insolvency of an estate. Act of insolvency. See Insolvent law under Insolvent, a.

Insolvent

In*sol"vent (?), a. [Pref. in- not + solvent: cf. OF. insolvent.] (Law) (a) Not solvent; not having sufficient estate to pay one's debts; unable to pay one's debts as they fall due, in the ordinary course of trade and business; as, in insolvent debtor. (b) Not sufficient to pay all the debts of the owner; as, an insolvent estate. (c) Relating to persons unable to pay their debts. Insolvent law, ∨ Act of insolvency, a law affording relief, -- subject to various modifications in different States, -- to insolvent debtors, upon their delivering up their property for the benefit of their creditors. See Bankrupt law, under Bankrupt, a.

Insolvent

In*sol"vent, n. (Law) One who is insolvent; as insolvent debtor; -- in England, before 1861, especially applied to persons not traders. Bouvier.

Insomnia

In*som"ni*a (?), n. [L., fr. insomnis sleepless; pref. in- not + somnus sleep.] Want of sleep; inability to sleep; wakefulness; sleeplessness.

Insomnious

In*som"ni*ous (?), a. [L. insomniosus, fr. insomnia insomnia.] Restless; sleepless. Blount.

Insomnolence

In*som"no*lence (?), n. Sleeplessness.

Insomuch

In`so*much" (?), adv. So; to such a degree; in such wise; -- followed by that or as, and formerly sometimes by both. Cf. Inasmuch.
Insomusch as that field is called . . . Aceldama. Acts i. 19.
Simonides was an excellent poet, insomuch that he made his fortune by it. L'Estrange.

Insonorous

In`so*no"rous (?), a. Not clear or melodious.

Insooth

In*sooth" (?), adv. In sooth; truly. [Archaic]

Insouciance

In`sou`ciance" (?), n. [F.] Carelessness; heedlessness; thoughtlessness; unconcern.

Insouciant

In`sou`ciant" (?), a. [F.] Careless; heedless; indifferent; unconcerned. J. S. Mill.

Insoul

In*soul" (?), v. t. To set a soul in; reflexively, to fix one's strongest affections on. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
[He] could not but insoul himself in her. Feltham.

Inspan

In*span" (?), v. t. & i. [D. inspannen.] To yoke or harness, as oxen to a vehicle. [South Africa] <-- cf. outspan -->

Inspect

In*spect" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inspected; p. pr. & vb. n. Inspecting.] [L. inspectus, p. p. of inspicere to inspect; pref. in- in + specere to look at, to view: cf. F. inspecter, fr. L. inspectare, freq. fr. inspicere. See Spy.]

1. To look upon; to view closely and critically, esp. in order to ascertain quality or condition, to detect errors, etc., to examine; to scrutinize; to investigate; as, to inspect conduct.

2. To view and examine officially, as troops, arms, goods offered, work done for the public, etc.; to oversee; to superintend. Sir W. Temple.

Inspect

In*spect", n. [L. inspectus. See Inspect, v. t.] Inspection. [Obs.] Thomson.

Inspecttion

In*spect"tion (?), n. [L. inspectio: cf. F. inspection.]

1. The act or process of inspecting or looking at carefully; a strict or prying examination; close or careful scrutiny; investigation. Spenser.

With narrow search, and with inspection deep, Considered every creature. Milton.

2. The act of overseeing; official examination or superintendence. Trial by inspection (O. Eng. Law), a mode of trial in which the case was settled by the individual observation and decision of the judge upon the testimony of his own senses, without the intervention of a jury. Abbott.

Inspective

In*spect"ive (?), a. [L. inspectivus.] Engaged in inspection; inspecting; involving inspection.

Inspector

In*spect"or (?), n. [L.: cf. F. inspecteur.] One who inspects, views, or oversees; one to whom the supervision of any work is committed; one who makes an official view or examination, as a military or civil officer; a superintendent; a supervisor; an overseer. Inspector general (Mil.), a staff officer of an army, whose duties are those of inspection, and embrace everything relative to organization, recruiting, discharge, administration, accountability for money and property, instruction, police, and discipline.

Inspectorate

In*spect"or*ate (?), n. Inspectorship. [R.]

Inspectorial

In`spec*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to an inspector or to inspection. [R.]

Inspectorship

In*spect"or*ship (?), n.

1. The office of an inspector.

2. The district embraced by an inspector's jurisdiction.

Inspectress

In*spect"ress, n. A female inspector.

Insperse

In*sperse" (?), v. t. [L. inspersus, p. p. of inspergere to sprinkle upon; pref. in- in, on + spargere to sprinkle.] To sprinkle; to scatter. [Obs.] Bailey.

Inspersion

In*sper"sion (?), n. [L. inspersio.] The act of sprinkling. [Obs.] Chapman.

Inspeximus

In*spex"i*mus (?), n. [L., we have inspected.] The first word of ancient charters in England, confirming a grant made by a former king; hence, a royal grant.

Insphere

In*sphere" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Insphered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Insphering.] [Cf. Ensphere.] To place in, or as in, an orb a sphere. Cf. Ensphere.
Bright a\'89rial spirits live insphered In regions mild of calm and serene air. Milton.

Inspirable

In*spir"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being inspired or drawn into the lungs; inhalable; respirable; admitting inspiration. Harvey.

Inspiration

In`spi*ra"tion (?), n. [F. inspiration, L. inspiratio. See Inspire.]

1. The act of inspiring or breathing in; breath; specif. (Physiol.), the drawing of air into the lungs, accomplished in mammals by elevation of the chest walls and flattening of the diaphragm; -- the opposite of expiration.

2. The act or power of exercising an elevating or stimulating influence upon the intellect or emotions; the result of such influence which quickens or stimulates; as, the inspiration of occasion, of art, etc.

Your father was ever virtuous, and holy men at their death have good inspirations. Shak.

3. (Theol.) A supernatural divine influence on the prophets, apostles, or sacred writers, by which they were qualified to communicate moral or religious truth with authority; a supernatural influence which qualifies men to receive and communicate divine truth; also, the truth communicated.

All Scripture is given by inspiration of God. 2 Tim. iii. 16.
The age which we now live in is not an age of inspiration and impulses. Sharp.
Plenary inspiration (Theol.), that kind of inspiration which excludes all defect in the utterance of the inspired message. -- Verbal inspiration (Theol.), that kind of inspiration which extends to the very words and forms of expression of the divine message.

Inspirational

In`spi*ra"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining to inspiration.

Inspirationist

In`spi*ra"tion*ist, n. One who holds to inspiration.

Inspirator

In"spi*ra`tor (?), n. (Mach.) A kind of injector for forcing water by steam. See Injector, n., 2.

Inspirtory

In*spir"to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to, or aiding, inspiration; as, the inspiratory muscles.

Inspire

In*spire" (?), v. t. [OE. enspiren, OF. enspirer, inspirer, F. inspirer, fr. L. inspirare; pref. in- in + spirare to breathe. See Spirit.]

1. To breathe into; to fill with the breath; to animate.

When Zephirus eek, with his sweete breath, Inspir\'8ad hath in every holt and health The tender crops. Chaucer.
Descend, ye Nine, descend and sing, The breathing instruments inspire. Pope.

2. To infuse by breathing, or as if by breathing.

He knew not his Maker, and him that inspired into him an active soul. Wisdom xv. 11.

3. To draw in by the operation of breathing; to inhale; -- opposed to expire.

Forced to inspire and expire the air with difficulty. Harvey.

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4. To infuse into the mind; to communicate to the spirit; to convey, as by a divine or supernatural influence; to disclose preternaturally; to produce in, as by inspiration.

And generous stout courage did inspire. Spenser.
But dawning day new comfort hath inspired. Shak.

5. To infuse into; to affect, as with a superior or supernatural influence; to fill with what animates, enlivens, or exalts; to communicate inspiration to; as, to inspire a child with sentiments of virtue.

Erato, thy poet's mind inspire, And fill his soul with thy celestial fire. Dryden.

Inspire

In*spire" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Inspired; p. pr. & vb. n. Inspiring.]

1. To draw in breath; to inhale air into the lungs; -- opposed to expire.

2. To breathe; to blow gently. [Obs.]

And when the wind amongst them did inspire, They wav\'8ad like a penon wide dispread. Spenser.

Inspired

In*spired" (?), a.

1. Breathed in; inhaled.

2. Moved or animated by, or as by, a supernatural influence; affected by divine inspiration; as, the inspired prophets; the inspired writers.

3. Communicated or given as by supernatural or divine inspiration; having divine authority; hence, sacred, holy; -- opposed to uninspired, profane, or secular; as, the inspired writings, that is, the Scriptures.

Inspirer

In*spir"er (?), n. One who, or that which, inspirer. "Inspirer of that holy flame." Cowper.

Inspiring

In*spir"ing, a. Animating; cheering; moving; exhilarating; as, an inspiring or scene.

Inspirit

In*spir"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inspirited; p. pr. & vb. n. Inspiriting.] To infuse new life or spirit into; to animate; to encourage; to invigorate.
The courage of Agamemnon is inspirited by the love of empire and ambition. Pope.
Syn. -- To enliven; invigorate; exhilarate; animate; cheer; encourage; inspire.

Inspissate

In*spis"sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inspissated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inspissating (?).] [L. inspissatus, p. p. of inspissare to thicken; pref. in- + spissare to thicken, fr. spissus thick.] To thicken or bring to greater consistence, as fluids by evaporation.

Inspissate

In*spis"sate (?), a. [L. inspissatus, p. p.] Thick or thickened; inspissated. Greenhill.

Inspissation

In`spis*sa"tion (?), n. The act or the process of inspissating, or thickening a fluid substance, as by evaporation; also, the state of being so thickened.

Instability

In`sta*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Instabilities (#). [L. instabilitas: cf. F. instabilit\'82.]

1. The quality or condition of being unstable; want of stability, firmness, or steadiness; liability to give way or to fail; insecurity; precariousness; as, the instability of a building.

2. Lack of determination of fixedness; inconstancy; fickleness; mutability; changeableness; as, instability of character, temper, custom, etc. Addison. Syn. -- Inconstancy; fickleness; changeableness; wavering; unsteadiness; unstableness.

Instable

In*sta"ble (?), a. [L. instabilis: cf. F. instable. See In- not, and Stable, a., and cf. Unstable.] Not stable; not standing fast or firm; unstable; prone to change or recede from a purpose; mutable; inconstant.

Instableness

In*sta"ble*ness, n. Instability; unstableness.

Install

In*stall" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Installed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Installing.] [F. installer, LL. installare, fr. pref. in- in + OHG. stal a place, stall, G. stall, akin to E. stall: cf. It. installare. See Stall.] [Written also instal.]

1. To set in a seat; to give a place to; establish (one) in a place.

She installed her guest hospitably by the fireside. Sir W. Scott.

2. To place in an office, rank, or order; to invest with any charge by the usual ceremonies; to instate; to induct; as, to install an ordained minister as pastor of a church; to install a college president.

Unworthily Thou wast installed in that high degree. Shak.

Installation

In`stal*la"tion (?), n. [F. installation, LL. installatio: cf. It. installazione. See Install.]

1. The act of installing or giving possession of an office, rank, or order, with the usual rites or ceremonies; as, the installation of an ordained minister in a parish.

On the election, the bishop gives a mandate for his installation. Ayliffe.

2. (Mech.) The whole of a system of machines, apparatus, and accessories, when set up and arranged for practical working, as in electric lighting, transmission of power, etc.

Installment

In*stall"ment (?), n. [Written also instalment.]

1. The act of installing; installation.

Take oaths from all kings and magistrates at their installment, to do impartial justice by law. Milton.

2. The seat in which one is placed. [Obs.]

The several chairs of order, look, you scour; . . . Each fair installment, coat, and several crest With loyal blazon, evermore be blest. Shak.

3. A portion of a debt, or sum of money, which is divided into portions that are made payable at different times. Payment by installment is payment by parts at different times, the amounts and times being often definitely stipulated. Bouvier.

Instamp

In*stamp" (?), v. t. See Enstamp.

Instance

In"stance (?), n. [F. instance, L. instantia, fr. instans. See Instant.]

1. The act or quality of being instant or pressing; urgency; solicitation; application; suggestion; motion.

Undertook at her instance to restore them. Sir W. Scott.

2. That which is instant or urgent; motive. [Obs.]

The instances that second marriage move Are base respects of thrift, but none of love. Shak.

3. Occasion; order of occurrence.

These seem as if, in the time of Edward I., they were drawn up into the form of a law, in the first instance. Sir M. Hale.

4. That which offers itself or is offered as an illustrative case; something cited in proof or exemplification; a case occurring; an example.

Most remarkable instances of suffering. Atterbury.

5. A token; a sign; a symptom or indication. Shak. Causes of instance, those which proceed at the solicitation of some party. Hallifax. -- Court of first instance, the court by which a case is first tried. -- For instance, by way of example or illustration. -- Instance Court (Law), the Court of Admiralty acting within its ordinary jurisdiction, as distinguished from its action as a prize court. Syn. -- Example; case. See Example.

Instance

In"stance (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Instanced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Instancing (?).] To mention as a case or example; to refer to; to cite; as, to instance a fact. H. Spenser.
I shall not instance an abstruse author. Milton.

Instance

In"stance, v. i. To give an example. [Obs.]
This story doth not only instance in kingdoms, but in families too. Jer. Taylor.

Instancy

In"stan*cy (?), n. Instance; urgency. [Obs.]
Those heavenly precepts which our Lord and Savior with so great instancy gave. Hooker.

Instant

In"stant (?), a. [L. instans, -antis, p. pr. of instare to stand upon, to press upon; pref. in- in, on + stare to stand: cf. F. in. See Stand.]

1. Pressing; urgent; importunate; earnest.

Rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation; continuing instant in prayer. Rom. xii. 12.
I am beginning to be very instant for some sort of occupation. Carlyle.

2. Closely pressing or impending in respect to time; not deferred; immediate; without delay.

Impending death is thine, and instant doom. Prior.

3. Present; current.

The instant time is always the fittest time. Fuller.
&hand; The word in this sense is now used only in dates, to indicate the current month; as, the tenth of July instant.

Instant

In"stant, adv. Instantly. [Poetic]
Instant he flew with hospitable haste. Pope.

Instant

In"stant, n. [F. instant, fr. L. instans standing by, being near, present. See Instant, a.]

1. A point in duration; a moment; a portion of time too short to be estimated; also, any particular moment.

There is scarce an instant between their flourishing and their not being. Hooker.

2. A day of the present or current month; as, the sixth instant; -- an elliptical expression equivalent to the sixth of the month instant, i. e., the current month. See Instant, a., 3. Syn. -- Moment; flash; second.

Instantaneity

In*stan`ta*ne"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. instantan\'82it\'82.] Quality of being instantaneous. Shenstone.

Instantaneous

In`stan*ta"ne*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. instantan\'82.]

1. Done or occurring in an instant, or without any perceptible duration of time; as, the passage of electricity appears to be instantaneous.

His reason saw With instantaneous view, the truth of things. Thomson.

2. At or during a given instant; as, instantaneous acceleration, velocity, etc. Instantaneous center of rotation (Kinematics), in a plane or in a plane figure which has motions both of translation and of rotation in the plane, is the point which for the instant is at rest. -- Instantaneous axis of rotation (Kinematics), in a body which has motions both of translation and rotation, is a line, which is supposed to be rigidly united with the body, and which for the instant is at rest. The motion of the body is for the instant simply that of rotation about the instantaneous axis. -- In`stan*ta"ne*ous*ly, adv. -- In`stan*ta"ne*ous*ness, n.

Instanter

In*stan"ter (?), adv. [L., vehemently, earnestly. See Instant, n. & a.] Immediately; instantly; at once; as, he left instanter.

Instantly

In"stant*ly (?), adv.

1. Without the least delay or interval; at once; immediately. Macaulay.

2. With urgency or importunity; earnestly; pressingly. "They besought him instantly." Luke vii. 4. Syn. -- Directly; immediately; at once. See Directly.

Instar

In*star" (?), v. t. To stud as with stars. [R.] "A golden throne instarred with gems." J. Barlow.

Instate

In*state" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Instated; p. pr. & vb. n. Instating.] To set, place, or establish, as in a rank, office, or condition; to install; to invest; as, to instate a person in greatness or in favor. Shak.

Instaurate

In*stau"rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Instaurated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Instaurating (?).] [L. instauratus, p. p. of instaurare to renew. See 1st In-, and Store.] To renew or renovate. [R.]

Instauration

In`stau*ra"tion (?), n. [L. instauratio: cf. F. instauration.] Restoration after decay, lapse, or dilapidation; renewal; repair; renovation; renaissance.
Some great catastrophe or . . . instauration. T. Burnet.

Instaurator

In"stau*ra`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. instaurateur.] One who renews or restores to a former condition. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Instaure

In*staure" (?), v. t. [See Instaurate.] To renew or renovate; to instaurate. [Obs.] Marston.

Instead

In*stead" (?), adv. [Pref. in- + stead place.]

1. In the place or room; -- usually followed by of.

Let thistles grow of wheat. Job xxxi. 40.
Absalom made Amasa captain of the host instead of Joab. 2 Sam. xvii. 25.

2. Equivalent; equal to; -- usually with of. [R.]

This very consideration to a wise man is instead of a thousand arguments, to satisfy him, that in those times no such thing was believed. Tillotson.

Insteep

In*steep" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Insteeped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Insteeping.] To steep or soak; to drench. [R.] "In gore he lay insteeped." Shak.

Instep

In"step (?), n. [Formerly also instop, instup.]

1. The arched middle portion of the human foot next in front of the ankle joint.

2. That part of the hind leg of the horse and allied animals, between the hock, or ham, and the pastern joint.

Instigate

In"sti*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Instigated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Instigating (?).] [L. instigatus, p. p. of instigare to instigate; pref. in- in + a root akin to G. stechen to prick, E. stick. See Stick.] To goad or urge forward; to set on; to provoke; to incite; -- used chiefly with reference to evil actions; as to instigate one to a crime.
He hath only instigated his blackest agents to the very extent of their malignity. Bp. Warburton.
Syn. -- To stimulate; urge; spur; provoke; tempt; incite; impel; encourage; animate.

Instigatingly

In"sti*ga`ting*ly, adv. Incitingly; temptingly.

Instigation

In`sti*ga"tion (?), n. [L. instigatio: cf. F. instigation.] The act of instigating, or the state of being instigated; incitement; esp. to evil or wickedness.
The baseness and villainy that . . . the instigation of the devil could bring the sons of men to. South.

Instigator

In"sti*ga`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. instigateur.] One who instigates or incites. Burke.

Instill

In*still" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Instilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Instilling.] [L. instillare, instillatum; pref. in- in + stillare to drop, fr. stilla a drop: cf. F. instiller. See Distill.] [Written also instil.] To drop in; to pour in drop by drop; hence, to impart gradually; to infuse slowly; to cause to be imbibed.
That starlight dews All silently their tears of love instill. Byron.
How hast thou instilled Thy malice into thousands. Milton.
Syn. -- To infuse; impart; inspire; implant; inculcate; insinuate.

Instillation

In`stil*la"tion (?), n. [L. instillatio: cf. F. instillation.] The of instilling; also, that which is instilled. Johnson.

Instilllator

In"still*la`tor (?), n. An instiller. [R.]

Instilllatory

In*still"la*to*ry (?), a. Belonging to instillation. [R.]

Instiller

In*still"er (?), n. One who instills. Skelton.

Instillment

In*still"ment (?), n. The act of instilling; also, that which is instilled. [Written also instilment.]

Instimulate

In*stim"u*late (?), v. t. [Pref. in- not + stimulate.] Not to stimulate; to soothe; to quiet. [Obs.] Cheyne.

Instimulate

In*stim"u*late, v. t. [L. instimulatus, p. p. instimulare to stimulate. See 1st In-, and Stimulate.] To stimulate; to excite. [Obs.] Cockerman.

Instimulation

In*stim`u*la"tion (?), n. Stimulation.

Instinct

In*stinct" (?), a. [L. instinctus, p. p. of instinguere to instigate, incite; cf. instigare to instigate. Cf. Instigate, Distinguish.] Urged or sas, birds instinct with life.
The chariot of paternal deity . . . Itself instinct with spirit, but convoyed By four cherubic shapes. Milton.
A noble performance, instinct with sound principle. Brougham.

Instinct

In"stinct (?), n. [L. instinctus instigation, impulse, fr. instinguere to instigate: cf. F. instinct. See Instinct, a.]

1. Natural inward impulse; unconscious, involuntary, or unreasoning prompting to any mode of action, whether bodily, or mental, without a distinct apprehension of the end or object to be accomplished.

An instinct is a propensity prior to experience, and independent of instructions. Paley.
An instinct is a blind tendency to some mode of action, independent of any consideration, on the part of the agent, of the end to which the action leads. Whately.
An instinct is an agent which performs blindly and ignorantly a work of intelligence and knowledge. Sir W. Hamilton.
By a divine instinct, men's minds mistrust Ensuing dangers. Shak.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Specif., the natural, unreasoning, impulse by which an animal is guided to the performance of any action, without of improvement in the method.

The resemblance between what originally was a habit, and an instinct becomes so close as not to be distinguished. Darwin.

3. A natural aptitude or knack; a predilection; as, an instinct for order; to be modest by instinct.

Instinct

In*stinct" (?), v. t. To impress, as an animating power, or instinct. [Obs.] Bentley.

Instinction

In*stinc"tion (?), n. Instinct; incitement; inspiration. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

Instinctive

In*stinc"tive (?), a. [Cf. F. instinctif.] Of or pertaining to instinct; derived from, or prompted by, instinct; of the nature of instinct; determined by natural impulse or propensity; acting or produced without reasoning, deliberation, instruction, or experience; spontaneous. "Instinctive motion." Milton. "Instinctive dread." Cowper.
With taste instinctive give Each grace appropriate. Mason.
Have we had instinctive intimations of the death of some absent friends? Bp. Hall.
&hand; The terms instinctive belief, instinctive judgment, instinctive cognition, are expressions not ill adapted to characterize a belief, judgment, or cognition, which, as the result of no anterior consciousness, is, like the products of animal instinct, the intelligent effect of (as far as we are concerned) an unknown cause. Sir H. Hamilton. Syn. -- Natural; voluntary; spontaneous; original; innate; inherent; automatic.

Instinctively

In*stinc"tive*ly, adv. In an instinctive manner; by force of instinct; by natural impulse.

Instinctivity

In`stinc*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being instinctive, or prompted by instinct. [R.] Coleridge.

Instipulate

In*stip"u*late (?), a. See Exstipulate.

Institute

In"sti*tute (?), p. a. [L. institutus, p. p. of instituere to place in, to institute, to instruct; pref. in- in + statuere to cause to stand, to set. See Statute.] Established; organized; founded. [Obs.]
They have but few laws. For to a people so instruct and institute, very few to suffice. Robynson (More's Utopia).

Page 772

Institute

In"sti*tute (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Instituted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Instituting.]

1. To set up; to establish; to ordain; as, to institute laws, rules, etc.

2. To originate and establish; to found; to organize; as, to institute a court, or a society.

Whenever any from of government becomes destructive of these ends it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government. Jefferson (Decl. of Indep. ).

3. To nominate; to appoint. [Obs.]

We institute your Grace To be our regent in these parts of France. Shak.

4. To begin; to commence; to set on foot; as, to institute an inquiry; to institute a suit.

And haply institute A course of learning and ingenious studies. Shak.

5. To ground or establish in principles and rudiments; to educate; to instruct. [Obs.]

If children were early instituted, knowledge would insensibly insinuate itself. Dr. H. More.

6. (Eccl. Law) To invest with the spiritual charge of a benefice, or the care of souls. Blackstone. Syn. -- To originate; begin; commence; establish; found; erect; organize; appoint; ordain.

Institute

In"sti*tute, n. [L. institutum: cf. F. institut. See Institute, v. t. & a.]

1. The act of instituting; institution. [Obs.] "Water sanctified by Christ's institute." Milton.

2. That which is instituted, established, or fixed, as a law, habit, or custom. Glover.

3. Hence: An elementary and necessary principle; a precept, maxim, or rule, recognized as established and authoritative; usually in the plural, a collection of such principles and precepts; esp., a comprehensive summary of legal principles and decisions; as, the Institutes of Justinian; Coke's Institutes of the Laws of England. Cf. Digest, n.

They made a sort of institute and digest of anarchy. Burke.
To make the Stoics' institutes thy own. Dryden.

4. An institution; a society established for the promotion of learning, art, science, etc.; a college; as, the Institute of Technology; also, a building owned or occupied by such an institute; as, the Cooper Institute.

5. (Scots Law) The person to whom an estate is first given by destination or limitation. Tomlins. Institutes of medicine, theoretical medicine; that department of medical science which attempts to account philosophically for the various phenomena of health as well as of disease; physiology applied to the practice of medicine. Dunglison.

Instituter

In"sti*tu`ter (?), n. An institutor. [R.]

Institution

In`sti*tu"tion (?), n. [L. institutio: cf. F. institution.]

1. The act or process of instituting; as: (a) Establishment; foundation; enactment; as, the institution of a school.

The institution of God's law is described as being established by solemn injunction. Hooker.
(b) Instruction; education. [Obs.] Bentley. (c) (Eccl. Law) The act or ceremony of investing a clergyman with the spiritual part of a benefice, by which the care of souls is committed to his charge. Blackstone.

2. That which instituted or established; as: (a) Established order, method, or custom; enactment; ordinance; permanent form of law or polity.

The nature of our people, Our city's institutions. Shak.
(b) An established or organized society or corporation; an establishment, especially of a public character, or affecting a community; a foundation; as, a literary institution; a charitable institution; also, a building or the buildings occupied or used by such organization; as, the Smithsonian Institution. (c) Anything forming a characteristic and persistent feature in social or national life or habits.
We ordered a lunch (the most delightful of English institutions, next to dinner) to be ready against our return. Hawthorne.

3. That which institutes or instructs; a textbook; a system of elements or rules; an institute. [Obs.]

There is another manuscript, of above three hundred years old, . . . being an institution of physic. Evelyn.

Institutional

In`sti*tu"tion*al (?), a.

1. Pertaining to, or treating of, institutions; as, institutional legends.

Institutional writers as Rousseau. J. S. Mill.

2. Instituted by authority.

3. Elementary; rudimental.

Institutionary

In`sti*tu"tion*a*ry (?), a.

1. Relating to an institution, or institutions.

2. Containing the first principles or doctrines; elemental; rudimentary.

Institutist

In"sti*tu`tist (?), n. A writer or compiler of, or a commentator on, institutes. [R.] Harvey.

Institutive

In"sti*tu`tive (?), a.

1. Tending or intended to institute; having the power to establish. Barrow.

2. Established; depending on, or characterized by, institution or order. "Institutive decency." Milton.

Institutively

In"sti*tu`tive*ly adv. In conformity with an institution. Harrington.

Institutor

In"sti*tu`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. instituteur.]

1. One who institutes, founds, ordains, or establishes.

2. One who educates; an instructor. [Obs.] Walker.

3. (Episcopal Church) A presbyter appointed by the bishop to institute a rector or assistant minister over a parish church.

Instop

In*stop" (?), v. t. To stop; to close; to make fast; as, to instop the seams. [Obs.] Dryden.

Instore

In*store" (?), v. t. [See Instaurate, Store.] To store up; to inclose; to contain. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Instratified

In*strat"i*fied (?), a. Interstratified.

Instruct

In*struct" (?), a. [L. instructus, p. p. of instruere to furnish, provide, construct, instruct; pref. in- in, struere. See Structure.]

1. Arranged; furnished; provided. [Obs.] "He had neither ship instruct with oars, nor men." Chapman.

2. Instructed; taught; enlightened. [Obs.] Milton.

Instruct

In*struct" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Instructed; p. pr. & vb. n. Instructing.]

1. To put in order; to form; to prepare. [Obs.]

They speak to the merits of a cause, after the proctor has prepared and instructed the same for a hearing. Ayliffe.

2. To form by communication of knowledge; to inform the mind of; to impart knowledge or information to; to enlighten; to teach; to discipline.

Schoolmasters will I keep within my house, Fit to instruct her youth. Shak.

3. To furnish with directions; to advise; to direct; to command; as, the judge instructs the jury.

She, being before instructed of her mother, said, Give me here John Baptist's head in a charger. Matt. xiv. 8.
Take her in; instruct her what she has to do. Shak.
Syn. -- To teach; educate; inform; train; discipline; indoctrinate; direct; enjoin.

Instructer

In*struct"er (?), n. See Instructor.

Instructible

In*struct"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being instructed; teachable; docible. Bacon.

Instruction

In*struc"tion (?), n. [L. instructio: cf. F. instruction.]

1. The act of instructing, teaching, or furnishing with knowledge; information.

2. That which instructs, or with which one is instructed; the intelligence or information imparted; as: (a) Precept; information; teachings. (b) Direction; order; command. "If my instructions may be your guide." Shak. Syn. -- Education; teaching; indoctrination; information; advice; counsel. See Education.

Instructional

In*struc"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or promoting, instruction; educational.

Instructive

In*struct"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. instructif.] Conveying knowledge; serving to instruct or inform; as, experience furnishes very instructive lessons. Addison.
In various talk the instructive hours they past. Pope.
-- In*struct"ive*ly, adv. -- In*struct"ive*ness, n.
The pregnant instructiveness of the Scripture. Boyle.

Instructor

In*struct"or (?), n. [L., a preparer: cf. F. instructeur.] [Written also instructer.] One who instructs; one who imparts knowledge to another; a teacher.

Instructress

In*struct"ress (?), n. A woman who instructs; a preceptress; a governess. Johnson.

Instrument

In"stru*ment (?), n. [F. instrument, L. instrumentum. See Instruct.]

1. That by means of which any work is performed, or result is effected; a tool; a utensil; an implement; as, the instruments of a mechanic; astronomical instruments.

All the lofty instruments of war. Shak.

2. A contrivance or implement, by which musical sounds are produced; as, a musical instrument.

Praise him with stringed instruments and organs. Ps. cl. 4.
But signs when songs and instruments he hears. Dryden.

3. (Law) A writing, as the means of giving formal expression to some act; a writing expressive of some act, contract, process, as a deed, contract, writ, etc. Burrill.

4. One who, or that which, is made a means, or is caused to serve a purpose; a medium, means, or agent.

Or useful serving man and instrument, To any sovereign state. Shak.
The bold are but the instruments of the wise. Dryden.
Syn. -- Tool; implement; utensil; machine; apparatus; channel; agent.

Instrument

In"stru*ment (?), v. t. To perform upon an instrument; to prepare for an instrument; as, a sonata instrumented for orchestra.

Instrumental

In`stru*men"tal (?), a. [Cf. F. instrumental.]

1. Acting as an instrument; serving as a means; contributing to promote; conductive; helpful; serviceable; as, he was instrumental in conducting the business.

The head is not more native to the heart, The hand more instrumental to the mouth. Shak.

2. (Mus.) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for, an instrument, esp. a musical instrument; as, instrumental music, distinguished from vocal music. "He defended the use of instrumental music in public worship." Macaulay.

Sweet voices mix'd with instrumental sounds. Dryden.

3. (Gram.) Applied to a case expressing means or agency; as, the instrumental case. This is found in Sanskrit as a separate case, but in Greek it was merged into the dative, and in Latin into the ablative. In Old English it was a separate case, but has disappeared, leaving only a few anomalous forms. Instrumental errors, those errors in instrumental measurements, etc., which arise, exclusively from want of mathematical accuracy in an instrument.

Instrumentalist

In`stru*men"tal*ist, n. One who plays upon an instrument of music, as distinguished from a vocalist.

Instrumentality

In`stru*men*tal"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Instrumentalities (. The quality or condition of being instrumental; that which is instrumental; anything used as a means; medium; agency.
The instrumentality of faith in justification. Bp. Burnet.
The discovery of gunpowder developed the science of attack and defense in a new instrumentality. J. H. Newman.

Instrumentally

In`stru*men"tal*ly (?), adv.

1. By means of an instrument or agency; as means to an end. South.

They will argue that the end being essentially beneficial, the means become instrumentally so. Burke.

2. With instruments of music; as, a song instrumentally accompanied. Mason.

Instrumentalness

In`stru*men"tal*ness, n. Usefulness or agency, as means to an end; instrumentality. [R.] Hammond.

Instrumentary

In`stru*men"ta*ry (?), a. Instrumental. [R.]

Instrumentation

In`stru*men*ta"tion (?), n.

1. The act of using or adapting as an instrument; a series or combination of instruments; means; agency.

Otherwise we have no sufficient instrumentation for our human use or handling of so great a fact. H. Bushnell.
<-- (b). The act of using instruments to measure or control the behavior of an object, as a patient in a hospital or a machine being tested while under development. -->

2. (Mus.) (a) The arrangement of a musical composition for performance by a number of different instruments; orchestration; instrumental composition; composition for an orchestra or military band. (b) The act or manner of playing upon musical instruments; performance; as, his instrumentation is perfect. <-- Instrumented, a. having instruments attached for the purpose of measuring conditions while under observation; said of a person under medical observation or a machine whose performance is being tested. -->

Instrumentist

In"stru*men`tist (?), n. A performer on a musical instrument; an instrumentalist.

Instyle

In*style" (?), v. t. To style. [Obs.] Crashaw.

Insuavity

In*suav"i*ty (?), n. [L. insuavitas: cf. F. insuavit\'82. See In- not, and Suavity.] Want of suavity; unpleasantness. [Obs.] Burton.

Insubjection

In`sub*jec"tion (?), n. Want of subjection or obedience; a state of disobedience, as to government.

Insubmergible

In`sub*mer"gi*ble (?), a. Not capable of being submerged; buoyant. [R.]

Insubmission

In`sub*mis"sion (?), n. Want of submission; disobedience; noncompliance.

Insubordinate

In`sub*or"di*nate (?), a. Not submitting to authority; disobedient; rebellious; mutinous

Insubordination

In`sub*or`di*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. insubordination.] The quality of being insubordinate; disobedience to lawful authority.

Insubstantial

In`sub*stan"tial (?), a. Unsubstantial; not real or strong. "Insubstantial pageant." [R.] Shak.

Insubstantiality

In`sub*stan`ti*al"i*ty (?), n. Unsubstantiality; unreality. [R.]

Insuccation

In`suc*ca"tion (?), n. [L. insucare, insucatum, to soak in; pref. in- + succus, sucus, sap.] The act of soaking or moistening; maceration; solution in the juice of herbs. [Obs.] Coxe.
The medicating and insuccation of seeds. Evelyn.

Insuccess

In`suc*cess" (?), n. Want of success. [R.] Feltham.

Insue

In*sue" (?), v. i. See Ensue, v. i.

Insuetude

In"sue*tude (?), n. [L. insuetudo, from insuetus unaccustomed; pref. in- not + suetus, p. p. of suescere to be accustomed.] The state or quality of being unaccustomed; absence of use or habit.
Absurdities are great or small in proportion to custom or insuetude. Landor.

Insufferable

In*suf"fer*a*ble (?), a.

1. Incapable of being suffered, borne, or endured; insupportable; unendurable; intolerable; as, insufferable heat, cold, or pain; insufferable wrongs. Locke.

2. Offensive beyond endurance; detestable.

A multitude of scribblers who daily pester the world with their insufferable stuff. Dryden.

Insufferably

In*suf"fer*a*bly, adv. In a manner or to a degree beyond endurance; intolerably; as, a blaze insufferably bright; a person insufferably proud.

Insufficience

In`suf*fi"cience (?), n. Insufficiency. Shak.

Insufficiency

In`suf*fi"cien*cy (?), n. [L. insufficientia: cf. F. insuffisance, whence OE. insuffisance. See Insufficient.]

1. The quality or state of being insufficient; want of sufficiency; deficiency; inadequateness; as, the insufficiency of provisions, of an excuse, etc.

The insufficiency of the light of nature is, by the light of Scripture, . . . fully supplied. Hooker.

2. Want of power or skill; inability; incapacity; incompetency; as, the insufficiency of a man for an office.

Insufficient

In`suf*fi"cient (?), a. [L. insufficiens, -entis. See In- not, and Sufficient.]

1. Not sufficient; not enough; inadequate to any need, use, or purpose; as, the provisions are insufficient in quantity, and defective in quality. "Insufficient for His praise." Cowper.

2. Wanting in strength, power, ability, capacity, or skill; incompetent; incapable; unfit; as, a person insufficient to discharge the duties of an office. Syn. -- Inadequate; scanty; incommensurate; unequal; unfit; incompetent; incapable; inefficient.

Insufficiently

In`suf*fi"cient*ly, adv. In an insufficient manner or degree; unadequately.

Insufflation

In`suf*fla"tion (?), n. [L. insuffatio: cf. F. insuffation. See In- in, and Sufflation.] The act of breathing on or into anything; especially: (a) (R. C. Ch.) The breathing upon a person in the sacrament of baptism to symbolize the inspiration of a new spiritual life. (b) (Med.) The act of blowing (a gas, powder, or vapor) into any cavity of the body.

Insuitable

In*suit"a*ble (?), a. Unsuitable. [Obs.] -- In*suit`a*bil"i*ty (#), n. [Obs.]

Insular

In"su*lar (?), a. [L. insularis, fr. insula island: cf. F. insulaire. See Isle.]

1. Of or pertaining to an island; of the nature, or possessing the characteristics, of an island; as, an insular climate, fauna, etc.

2. Of or pertaining to the people of an island; narrow; circumscribed; illiberal; contracted; as, insular habits, opinions, or prejudices.

The penury of insular conversation. Johnson.

Insular

In"su*lar, n. An islander. [R.] Berkeley.

Insularity

In`su*lar"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. insularit\'82.]

1. The state or quality of being an island or consisting of islands; insulation.

The insularity of Britain was first shown by Agricola, who sent his fleet round it. Pinkerton.

2. Narrowness or illiberality of opinion; prejudice; exclusiveness; as, the insularity of the Chinese or of the aristocracy.

Insularly

In"su*lar*ly (?), adv. In an insular manner.

Insulary

In"su*la*ry (?), a. Insular. [Obs.] Howell.

Insulate

In"su*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Insulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Insulating (?).] [L. insulatus insulated, fr. insula island. See Isle, and cf. Isolate.]

1. To make an island of. [Obs.] Pennant.

2. To place in a detached situation, or in a state having no communication with surrounding objects; to isolate; to separate.

3. (Elec. & Thermotics) To prevent the transfer o Insulating stool (Elec.), a stool with legs of glass or some other nonconductor of electricity, used for insulating a person or any object placed upon it.


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Insulated

In"su*la`ted (?), p. a.

1. Standing by itself; not being contiguous to other bodies; separated; unconnected; isolated; as, an insulated house or column.

The special and insulated situation of the Jews. De Quincey.

2. (Elect. & Thermotics) Separated from other bodies by means of nonconductors of heat or electricity.

3. (Astron.) Situated at so great a distance as to be beyond the effect of gravitation; -- said of stars supposed to be so far apart that the affect of their mutual attraction is insensible. C. A. Young. Insulated wire, wire wound with silk, or covered with other nonconducting material, for electrical use.

Insulation

In`su*la"tion (?), n.

1. The act of insulating, or the state of being insulated; detachment from other objects; isolation.

2. (Elec. & Thermotics) The act of separating a body from others by nonconductors, so as to prevent the transfer of electricity or of heat; also, the state of a body so separated.

Insulator

In"su*la`tor (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, insulates.

2. (Elec. & Thermotics) The substance or body that insulates; a nonconductor.

Insulite

In"su*lite (?), n. (Elec.) An insulating material, usually some variety of compressed cellulose, made of sawdust, paper pulp, cotton waste, etc.

Insulous

In"su*lous (?), a. [L. insulosus, fr. insula island.] Abounding in islands. [R.]

Insulse

In*sulse" (?), a. [L. insulsus; pref. in- not + salsus salted, fr. salire, salsum, to salt.] Insipid; dull; stupid. [Obs.] Milton.

Insulsity

In*sul"si*ty (?), n. [L. insulsitas.] Insipidity; stupidity; dullness. [Obs.]
The insulsity of mortal tongues. Milton.

Insult

In"sult (?), n. [L. insultus, fr. insilire to leap upon: cf. F. insulte. See Insult, v. t.]

1. The act of leaping on; onset; attack. [Obs.] Dryden.

2. Gross abuse offered to another, either by word or act; an act or speech of insolence or contempt; an affront; an indignity.

The ruthless sneer that insult adds to grief. Savage.
Syn. -- Affront; indignity; abuse; outrage; contumely. See Affront.

Insult

In*sult" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Insulted; p. pr. & vb. n. Insulting.] [F. insulter, L. insultare, freq. fr. insilire to leap into or upon; pref. in- in, on + salire to leap. See Salient.]

1. To leap or trample upon; to make a sudden onset upon. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To treat with abuse, insolence, indignity, or contempt, by word or action; to abuse; as, to call a man a coward or a liar, or to sneer at him, is to insult him.

Insult

In*sult", v. i.

1. To leap or jump.

Give me thy knife, I will insult on him. Shak.
Like the frogs in the apologue, insulting upon their wooden king. Jer. Taylor.

2. To behave with insolence; to exult. [Archaic]

The lion being dead, even hares insult. Daniel.
An unwillingness to insult over their helpless fatuity. Landor.

Insultable

In*sult"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being insulted or affronted. [R.] Emerson.

Insultation

In`sul*ta"tion (?), n. [L. insultatio, fr. insultare: cf. OF. insultation.]

1. The act of insulting; abusive or insolent treatment; insult. [Obs.] Feltham.

2. Exultation. [Obs.] Is. xiv. (heading).

Insulter

In*sult"er (?), n. One who insults. Shak.

Insulting

In*sult"ing, a. Containing, or characterized by, insult or abuse; tending to insult or affront; as, insulting language, treatment, etc. -- In*sult"ing*ly, adv. Syn. -- Insolent; impertinent; saucy; rude; abusive; contemptuous. See Insolent.

Insultment

In*sult"ment (?), n. Insolent treatment; insult. [Obs.] "My speech of insultment ended." Shak.

Insume

In*sume" (?), v. t. [L. insumere; pre. in- in + sumere to take.] To take in; to absorb. [Obs.]

Insuperability

In*su`per*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being insuperable; insuperableness.

Insuperable

In*su"per*a*ble (?), a. [L. insuperabilis: cf. OF. insuperable. See In- not, and Superable.] Incapable of being passed over or surmounted; insurmountable; as, insuperable difficulties.
And middle natures, how they long to join, Yet never pass the insuperable line? Pope.
The difficulty is enhanced, or is . . . insuperable. I. Taylor.
Syn. -- Impassable; insurmountable; unconquerable. -- In*su"per*a*ble*ness, n. -- In*su"per*a*bly, adv.

Insupportable

In`sup*port"a*ble (?), a. [L. insupportabilis: cf. F. insupportable. See In- not, and Support.] Incapable of being supported or borne; unendurable; insufferable; intolerable; as, insupportable burdens; insupportable pain. -- In`sup*port"a*ble*ness, n. -- In`sup*port"a*bly, adv.

Insupposable

In`sup*pos"a*ble (?), a. Incapable of being supposed; not supposable; inconceivable.

Insuppressible

In`sup*press"i*ble (?), a. That can not be suppressed or concealed; irrepressible. Young. -- In`sup*press"i*bly, adv.

Insuppressive

In`sup*press"ive (?), a. Insuppressible. [Obs.] "The insuppressive mettle of our spirits." Shak.

Insurable

In*sur"a*ble (?), a. [From Insure.] Capable of being insured against loss, damage, death, etc.; proper to be insured.
The French law annuls the latter policies so far as they exceed the insurable interest which remained in the insured at the time of the subscription thereof. Walsh.

Insurance

In*sur"ance (?), n. [From Insure.]

1. The act of insuring, or assuring, against loss or damage by a contingent event; a contract whereby, for a stipulated consideration, called premium, one party undertakes to indemnify or guarantee another against loss by certain specified risks. Cf. Assurance, n., 6. &hand; The person who undertakes to pay in case of loss is termed the insurer; the danger against which he undertakes, the risk; the person protected, the insured; the sum which he pays for the protection, the premium; and the contract itself, when reduced to form, the policy. Johnson's Cyc.

2. The premium paid for insuring property or life.

3. The sum for which life or property is insured.

4. A guaranty, security, or pledge; assurance. [Obs.]

The most acceptable insurance of the divine protection. Mickle.
Accident insurance, insurance against pecuniary loss by reason of accident to the person. -- Endowment insurance ∨ assurance, a combination of life insurance and investment such that if the person upon whose life a risk is taken dies before a certain specified time the insurance becomes due at once, and if he survives, it becomes due at the time specified. -- Fire insurance. See under Fire. -- Insurance broker, a broker or agent who effects insurance. -- Insurance company, a company or corporation whose business it is to insure against loss, damage, or death. -- Insurance policy, a certificate of insurance; the document containing the contract made by an insurance company with a person whose property or life is insured. -- Life insurance. See under Life.

Insurancer

In*sur"an*cer (?), n. One who effects insurance; an insurer; an underwriter. [Obs.] Dryden.
hose bold insurancers of deathless fame. Blair.

Insurant

In*sur"ant (?), n. The person insured. Champness.

Insure

In"sure (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Insured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Insuring.] [OE. ensuren, prob. for assuren, by a change of prefix. See 1st In-, and Sure, and cf. Assure, Ensure.] [Written also ensure.]

1. To make sure or secure; as, to insure safety to any one.

2. Specifically, to secure against a loss by a contingent event, on certain stipulated conditions, or at a given rate or premium; to give or to take an insurance on or for; as, a merchant insures his ship or its cargo, or both, against the dangers of the sea; goods and buildings are insured against fire or water; persons are insured against sickness, accident, or death; and sometimes hazardous debts are insured.

Insure

In*sure", v. i. To underwrite; to make insurance; as, a company insures at three per cent.

Insurer

In*sur"er (?), n. One who, or that which, insures; the person or company that contracts to indemnify losses for a premium; an underwriter.

Insurgence, Insurgency

In*sur"gence (?), In*sur"gen*cy (?), n. A state of insurrection; an uprising; an insurrection.
A moral insurgence in the minds of grave men against the Court of Rome. G. Eliot.

Insurgent

In*sur"gent (?), a. [L. insurgens, p. pr. of insurgere to rise up; pref. in- in + surgere to rise. See Surge.] Rising in opposition to civil or political authority, or against an established government; insubordinate; rebellious. "The insurgent provinces." Motley.

Insurgent

In*sur"gent, n. [Cf. F. insurgent.] A person who rises in revolt against civil authority or an established government; one who openly and actively resists the execution of laws; a rebel. Syn. -- See Rebel.

Insurmountability

In`sur*mount`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being insurmountable.

Insurmountable

In`sur*mount"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + surmountable: cf. F. insurmountable.] Incapable of being passed over, surmounted, or overcome; insuperable; as, insurmountable difficulty or obstacle. Locke.
Hope thinks nothing difficult; despair tells us that difficulty is insurmountable. I. Watts.
Syn. -- Insuperable; impassable; invincible.

Insurmountableness

In`sur*mount"a*ble*ness, n. The state or quality of being insurmountable; insurmountability.

Insurmountably

In`sur*mount"a*bly, adv. In a manner or to a degree not to be overcome.

Insurrection

In`sur*rec"tion (?), n. [L. insurrectio, fr. insurgere, insurrectum: cf. F. insurrection. See Insurgent.]

1. A rising against civil or political authority, or the established government; open and active opposition to the execution of law in a city or state.

It is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made therein. Ezra iv. 19.

2. A rising in mass to oppose an enemy. [Obs.] Syn. -- Insurrection, Sedition, Revolt, Rebellion, Mutiny. Sedition is the raising of commotion in a state, as by conspiracy, without aiming at open violence against the laws. Insurrection is a rising of individuals to prevent the execution of law by force of arms. Revolt is a casting off the authority of a government, with a view to put it down by force, or to substitute one ruler for another. Rebellion is an extended insurrection and revolt. Mutiny is an insurrection on a small scale, as a mutiny of a regiment, or of a ship's crew.

I say again, In soothing them, we nourish 'gainst our senate The cockle of rebellion, insolence, sedition. Shak.
Insurrections of base people are commonly more furious in their beginnings. Bacon.
He was greatly strengthened, and the enemy as much enfeebled, by daily revolts. Sir W. Raleigh.
Though of their names in heavenly records now Be no memorial, blotted out and razed By their rebellion from the books of life. Milton.

Insurrectional

In`sur*rec"tion*al (?), a. [Cf. F. insurrectionnel.] Pertaining to insurrection; consisting in insurrection.

Insurrectionary

In`sur*rec"tion*a*ry (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, insurrection; rebellious; seditious.
Their murderous insurrectionary system. Burke.

Insurrectionist

In`sur*rec"tion*ist, n. One who favors, or takes part in, insurrection; an insurgent.

Insusceptibility

In`sus*cep`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n. Want of susceptibility, or of capacity to feel or perceive.

Insusceptible

In`sus*cep`ti*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + susceptible: cf. F. insusceptible.] Not susceptible; not capable of being moved, affected, or impressed; that can not feel, receive, or admit; as, a limb insusceptible of pain; a heart insusceptible of pity; a mind insusceptible to flattery. -- In`sus*cep`ti*bly adv.

Insusceptive

In`sus*cep"tive (?), a. Not susceptive or susceptible. [R.] Rambler.

Insusurration

In*su`sur*ra"tion (?), n. [L. insusurratio, fr. insusurrare to whisper into.] The act of whispering into something. [Obs.] Johnson.

Inswathe

In*swathe" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inswathed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inswating.] To wrap up; to infold; to swathe.
Inswathed sometimes in wandering mist. Tennyson.

Intact

In*tact" (?), a. [L. intactus; pref. in- not + tactus, p. p. of tangere to touch: cf. F. intact. See In- not, and Tact, Tangent.] Untouched, especially by anything that harms, defiles, or the like; uninjured; undefiled; left complete or entire. Buckle.
When all external differences have passed away, one element remains intact, unchanged, -- the everlasting basis of our common nature, the human soul. F. W. Robertson.

Intactible, Intactable

In*tac"ti*ble (?), In*tac"ta*ble (?), a. Not perceptible to the touch.

Intagliated

In*tagl"ia*ted (?), a. [It. intagliato, p. p. of intagliare. See Intaglio.] Engraved in intaglio; as, an intagliated stone. T. Warton.

Intaglio

In*tagl"io (?), n.; pl. E. Intaglius (#), It. Intagli (#). [It., fr. intagliare to engrave, carve; pref. in- in + tagliare to cut, carve. See Detail.] A cutting or engraving; a figure cut into something, as a gem, so as to make a design depressed below the surface of the material; hence, anything so carved or impressed, as a gem, matrix, etc.; -- opposed to cameo. Also used adjectively.

Intail

In*tail", v. t. See Entail, v. t.

Intake

In"take` (?), n.

1. The place where water or air is taken into a pipe or conduit; -- opposed to outlet.

2. the beginning of a contraction or narrowing in a tube or cylinder.

3. The quantity taken in; as, the intake of air.

Intaminated

In*tam"i*na`ted (?), a. [L. intaminatus. See Contaminate.] Uncontaminated. [Obs.] Wood.

Intangibility

In*tan`gi*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Intangibilities (#). [Cf. F. intangibilit\'82.] The quality or state of being intangible; intangibleness.

Intangible

In*tan"gi*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + tangible: cf. F. intangible.] Not tangible; incapable of being touched; not perceptible to the touch; impalpable; imperceptible. Bp. Wilkins.
A corporation is an artificial, invisible, intangible being. Marshall.
-- In*tan"gi*ble*ness, n. -- In*tan"gi*bly, adv.

Intangle

In*tan"gle (?), v. t. See Entangle.

Intastable

In*tast"a*ble (?), a. Incapable of being tasted; tasteless; unsavory. [R.] Grew.

Integer

In"te*ger (?), n. [L. integer untouched, whole, entire. See Entire.] A complete entity; a whole number, in contradistinction to a fraction or a mixed number. Complex integer (Theory of Numbers), an expression of the form a + b&root;-1, where a and b are real integers.

Integrability

In`te*gra*bil"i*ty (?), n. (Math.) The quality of being integrable.

Integrable

In"te*gra*ble (?), a. (Math.) Capable of being integrated.

Integral

In"te*gral (?), a. [Cf. F. int\'82gral. See Integer.]

1. Lacking nothing of completeness; complete; perfect; uninjured; whole; entire.

A local motion keepeth bodies integral. Bacon.

2. Essential to completeness; constituent, as a part; pertaining to, or serving to form, an integer; integrant.

Ceasing to do evil, and doing good, are the two great integral parts that complete this duty. South.

3. (Math.) (a) Of, pertaining to, or being, a whole number or undivided quantity; not fractional. (b) Pertaining to, or proceeding by, integration; as, the integral calculus. Integral calculus. See under Calculus.

Integral

In"te*gral, n.

1. A whole; an entire thing; a whole number; an individual.

2. (Math.) An expression which, being differentiated, will produce a given differential. See differential Differential, and Integration. Cf. Fluent. Elliptic integral, one of an important class of integrals, occurring in the higher mathematics; -- so called because one of the integrals expresses the length of an arc of an ellipse.

Integrality

In`te*gral"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. int\'82gralit\'82.] Entireness. [Obs.] Whitaker.

Integrally

In"te*gral*ly (?), adv. In an integral manner; wholly; completely; also, by integration.

Integrant

In"te*grant (?), a. [L. integrans, -antis, p. pr. of integrare to make whole, renew: cf. F. int\'82grant. See Integrate.] Making part of a whole; necessary to constitute an entire thing; integral. Boyle.
All these are integrant parts of the republic. Burke.
Integrant parts, ∨ particles, of bodies, those smaller particles into which a body may be reduced without loss of its original constitution, as by mechanical division.

Integrate

In"te*grate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Integrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Integrating (?).] [L. integratus, p. p. of integrare to make whole, renew: cf. F. int\'82grer. See Integer, Entire.]

1. To form into one whole; to make entire; to complete; to renew; to restore; to perfect. "That conquest rounded and integrated the glorious empire." De Quincey.

Two distinct substances, the soul and body, go to compound and integrate the man. South.

2. To indicate the whole of; to give the sum or total of; as, an integrating anemometer, one that indicates or registers the entire action of the wind in a given time.

3. (Math.) To subject to the operation of integration; to find the integral of.


Page 774

Integration

In`te*gra"tion (?), n. [L. integratio a renewing, restoring: cf. F. int\'82gration.]

1. The act or process of making whole or entire.

2. (Math.) The operation of finding the primitive function which has a given function for its differential coefficient. See Integral. &hand; The symbol of integration is summa sum), and the integral is also regarded as the limiting value of the sum of great numbers of differentials, when the magnitude of the differentials decreases, and their number increases indefinitely. See Limit, n. When the summation is made between specified values of the variable, the result is a definite integral, and those values of the variable are the limits of the integral. When the summation is made successively for two or more variables, the result is a multiple integral.

3. In the theory of evolution: The process by which the manifold is compacted into the relatively simple and permanent. It is supposed to alternate with differentiation as an agent in development.

Integrator

In"te*gra`tor (?), n. (Math. & Mech.) That which integrates; esp., an instrument by means of which the area of a figure can be measured directly, or its moment of inertia, or statical moment, etc., be determined.

Integrity

In*teg"ri*ty (?), n. [L. integritas: cf. F. int\'82grit\'82. See Integer, and cf. Entirety.]

1. The state or quality of being entire or complete; wholeness; entireness; unbroken state; as, the integrity of an empire or territory. Sir T. More.

2. Moral soundness; honesty; freedom from corrupting influence or motive; -- used especially with reference to the fulfillment of contracts, the discharge of agencies, trusts, and the like; uprightness; rectitude.

The moral grandeur of independent integrity is the sublimest thing in nature. Buckminster.
Their sober zeal, integrity. and worth. Cowper.

3. Unimpaired, unadulterated, or genuine state; entire correspondence with an original condition; purity.

Language continued long in its purity and integrity. Sir M. Hale.
Syn. -- Honesty; uprightness; rectitude. See Probity.

Integropallial

In`te*gro*pal"li*al (?), a. [L. integer whole + E. pallial.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the pallial line entire, or without a sinus, as certain bivalve shells.

Integumation

In*teg`u*ma"tion (?), n. [See Integument.] That part of physiology which treats of the integuments of animals and plants.

Integument

In*teg"u*ment (?), n. [L. integumentum, fr. integere to cover; pref. in- in, on + tegere to cover: cf. F. int\'82gument. See 1st n-, and Tegument.] That which naturally invests or covers another thing, as the testa or the tegmen of a seed; specifically (Anat.), a covering which invests the body, as the skin, or a membrane that invests a particular.

Integumentary

In*teg`u*men"ta*ry (?), n. Belonging to, or composed of, integuments.

Integumentation

In*teg`u*men*ta"tion (?), n. The act or process of covering with integuments; the state or manner of being thus covered.

Intellect

In"tel*lect (?), n. [L. intellectus, fr. intelligere, intellectum, to understand: cf. intellect. See Intelligent.] (Metaph.) The part or faculty of the human soul by which it knows, as distinguished from the power to feel and to will; sometimes, the capacity for higher forms of knowledge, as distinguished from the power to perceive objects in their relations; the power to judge and comprehend; the thinking faculty; the understanding.

Intellected

In"tel*lect`ed (?), a. Endowed with intellect; having intellectual powers or capacities. [R.]
In body, and in bristles, they became As swine, yet intellected as before. Cowper.

Intellection

In`tel*lec"tion (?), n. [L. intellectio synecdoche: cf. F. intellection.] A mental act or process; especially: (a) The act of understanding; simple apprehension of ideas; intuition. Bentley. (b) A creation of the mind itself. Hickok.

Intellective

In`tel*lec"tive (?), a. [Cf. F. intellectif.]

1. Pertaining to, or produced by, the intellect or understanding; intellectual.

2. Having power to understand, know, or comprehend; intelligent; rational. Glanvill.

3. Capable of being perceived by the understanding only, not by the senses.

Intellective abstractions of logic and metaphysics. Milton.

Intellectively

In`tel*lec"tive*ly, adv. In an intellective manner. [R.] "Not intellectivelly to write." Warner.

Intellectual

In`tel*lec"tu*al (?; 135), a. [L. intellectualis: cf. F. intellectuel.]

1. Belonging to, or performed by, the intellect; mental; as, intellectual powers, activities, etc.

Logic is to teach us the right use of our reason or intellectual powers. I. Watts.

2. Endowed with intellect; having the power of understanding; having capacity for the higher forms of knowledge or thought; characterized by intelligence or mental capacity; as, an intellectual person.

Who would lose, Though full of pain, this intellectual being, Those thoughts that wander through eternity? Milton.

3. Suitable for exercising the intellect; formed by, and existing for, the intellect alone; perceived by the intellect; as, intellectual employments.

4. Relating to the understanding; treating of the mind; as, intellectual philosophy, sometimes called "mental" philosophy.

Intellectual

In`tel*lec"tu*al, n. The intellect or understanding; mental powers or faculties.
Her husband, for I view far round, not nigh, Whose higher intellectual more I shun. Milton.
I kept her intellectuals in a state of exercise. De Quincey.

Intellectualism

In`tel*lec"tu*al*ism (?), n.

1. Intellectual power; intellectuality.

2. The doctrine that knowledge is derived from pure reason.

Intellectualist

In`tel*lec"tu*al*ist (?), n.

1. One who overrates the importance of the understanding. [R.] Bacon.

2. One who accepts the doctrine of intellectualism.

Intellectuality

In`tel*lec`tu*al"i*ty (?), n. [L. intellectualitas: cf. F. intellectualit\'82.] Intellectual powers; possession of intellect; quality of being intellectual.

Intellectualize

In`tel*lec"tu*al*ize (?), v. t.

1. To treat in an intellectual manner; to discuss intellectually; to reduce to intellectual form; to express intellectually; to idealize.

Sentiment is intellectualized emotion. Lowell.

2. To endow with intellect; to bestow intellectual qualities upon; to cause to become intellectual.

Intellectually

In`tel*lec"tu*al*ly, adv. In an intellectual manner.

Intelligence

In*tel"li*gence (?), n. [F. intelligence, L. intelligentia, intellegentia. See Intelligent.]

1. The act or state of knowing; the exercise of the understanding.

2. The capacity to know or understand; readiness of comprehension; the intellect, as a gift or an endowment.

And dimmed with darkness their intelligence. Spenser.

3. Information communicated; news; notice; advice.

Intelligence is given where you are hid. Shak.

4. Acquaintance; intercourse; familiarity. [Obs.]

He lived rather in a fair intelligence than any friendship with the favorites. Clarendon.

5. Knowledge imparted or acquired, whether by study, research, or experience; general information.

I write as he that none intelligence Of meters hath, nCourt of Love.

6. An intelligent being or spirit; -- generally applied to pure spirits; as, a created intelligence. Milton.

The great Intelligences fair That range above our mortal state, In circle round the blessed gate, Received and gave him welcome there. Tennyson.
Intelligence office, an office where information may be obtained, particularly respecting servants to be hired. Syn. -- Understanding; intellect; instruction; advice; notice; notification; news; information; report.

Intelligencer

In*tel"li*gen*cer (?), n. One who, or that which, sends or conveys intelligence or news; a messenger.
All the intriguers in foreign politics, all the spies, and all the intelligencers . . . acted solely upon that principle. Burke.

Intelligencing

In*tel"li*gen*cing (?), a. Informing; giving information; talebearing. [Obs.] Shak.
That sad intelligencing tyrant. Milton.

Intelligency

In*tel"li*gen*cy (?), n. Intelligence. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Intelligent

In*tel"li*gent (?), a. [L. intelligens, intellegens, -entis, p. pr. of intelligere, intellegere, to perceive; inter between + legere to gather, collect, choose: cf. F. intelligent. See Legend.]

1. Endowed with the faculty of understanding or reason; as, man is an intelligent being.

2. Possessed of intelligence, education, or judgment; knowing; sensible; skilled; marked by intelligence; as, an intelligent young man; an intelligent architect; an intelligent answer.

3. Gognizant; aware; communicate. [Obs.]

Intelligent of seasons. Milton.
Which are to France the spies and speculations Intelligent of our state. Shak.
Syn. -- Sensible; understanding. See Sensible.

Intelligential

In*tel`li*gen"tial (?), a. [Cf. F. intelligentiel.] [R.]

1. Of or pertaining to the intelligence; exercising or implying understanding; intellectual. "With act intelligential." Milton.

2. Consisting of unembodied mind; incorporeal.

Food alike those pure Intelligential substances require. Milton.

Intelligentiary

In*tel`li*gen"tia*ry (?), n. One who gives information; an intelligencer. [Obs.] Holinshed.

Intelligently

In*tel"li*gent*ly (?), adv. In an intelligent manner; with intelligence.

Intelligibility

In*tel`li*gi*bil"i*ty (?), [Cf. F. intelligilibilit\'82.] The quality or state of being intelligible; clearness; perspicuity; definiteness.

Intelligible

In*tel"li*gi*ble (?), [L. intellegibilis: cf. F. intelligible. See Intelligent.] Capable of being understood or comprehended; as, an intelligible account or description; intelligible pronunciation, writing, etc.
The intelligible forms of ancient poets. Coleridge.
Syn. -- Comprehensible; perspicuous; plain; clear.

Intelligibleness

In*tel"li*gi*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being intelligible; intelligibility. Locke.

Intelligibly

In*tel"li*gi*bly, adv. In an intelligible manner; so as to be understood; clearly; plainly; as, to write or speak intelligibly.

Intemerate, Intemerated

In*tem"er*ate (?), In*tem"er*a`ted (?), a. [L. intemeratus; pref. in- not + temeratus defiled.] Pure; undefiled. [Obs.]

Intemerateness

In*tem"er*ate*ness (?), n. The state of being unpolluted; purity. [Obs.] Donne.

Intemerament

In*tem"er*a*ment (?), n. A bad state; as, the intemperament of an ulcerated part. [R.] Harvey.

Intemperance

In*tem"per*ance (?), n. [F. intemp\'82rance, L. intemperantia. See In- not, and Temperance.]

1. The act of becoming, or state of being, intemperate; excess in any kind of action or indulgence; any immoderate indulgence of the appetites or passions.

God is in every creature; be cruel toward none, neither abuse any by intemperance. Jer. Taylor.
Some, as thou sawest, by violent stroke shall die, By fire, flood, famine, by intemperance more In meats and drinks. Milton.

2. Specifically: Habitual or excessive indulgence in alcoholic liquors.

Intemperancy

In*tem"per*an*cy (?), n. Intemperance. [Obs.]

Intemperant

In*tem"per*ant (?), a. [L. intemperans, -antis. See In- not, and Temperant.] Intemperate. [Obs.]
Such as be intemperant, that is, followers of their naughty appetites and lusts. Udall.

Intemperate

In*tem`per*ate (?), a. [L. intemperatus. See In- not, and Temperate.]

1. Indulging any appetite or passion to excess; immoderate to enjoyments or exertion.

2. Specifically, addicted to an excessive or habitual use of alcoholic liquors.

3. Excessive; ungovernable; inordinate; violent; immoderate; as, intemperate language, zeal, etc.; intemperate weather.

Most do taste through fond intemperate thirst. Milton.
Use not thy mouth to intemperate swearing. Ecclus. xxiii. 13.

Intemperate

In*tem`per*ate (?), v. t. To disorder. [Obs.]

Intemperately

In*tem`per*ate*ly (?), adv. In an intemperate manner; immoderately; excessively; without restraint.
The people . . . who behaved very unwisely and intemperately on that occasion. Burke.

Intemperateness

In*tem`per*ate*ness, n.

1. The state of being intemperate; excessive indulgence of any appetite or passion; as, intemperateness in eating or drinking.

2. Severity of weather; inclemency. Boyle.

By unseasonable weather, by intemperateness of the air or meteors. Sir M. Hale.

Intemperature

In*tem"per*a*ture (?; 135), n. [Cf. OF. intemperature.] Intemperateness. [Obs.] Boyle.

Intempestive

In`tem*pes"tive (?), a. [L. intempestivus: cf. F. intempestif. See In- not, and Tempestive.] Out of season; untimely. [Obs.] Burton.
Intempestive bashfulness gets nothing. Hales.

Intempestively

In`tem*pes"tive*ly, adv. Unseasonably. [Obs.]

Intempestivity

In*tem`pes*tiv"i*ty (?), n. [L. intempestivitas: cf. F. intempestivit\'82.] Unseasonableness; untimeliness. [Obs.] Hales.

Intenable

In*ten"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + tenable: cf. F. intenable.] Incapable of being held; untenable; not defensible; as, an intenable opinion; an intenable fortress. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.

Intend

In*tend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intended; p. pr. & vb. n. Intending.] [OE. entenden to be attentive, F. entendre, fr. L. intendre, intentum, and intensum, to intend, attend, stretch out, extend; pref. in- in + tendere to stretch, stretch out. See Tend.]

1. To stretch' to extend; to distend. [Obs.]

By this the lungs are intended or remitted. Sir M. Hale.

2. To strain; to make tense. [Obs.]

When a bow is successively intended and remedied. Cudworth.

3. To intensify; to strengthen. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Magnetism may be intended and remitted. Sir I. Newton.

4. To apply with energy.

Let him intend his mind, without respite, without rest, in one direction. Emerson.

5. To bend or turn; to direct, as one's course or journey. [Archaic] Shak.

6. To fix the mind on; to attend to; to take care of; to superintend; to regard. [Obs.]

Having no children, she did, with singular care and tenderness, intend the education of Philip. Bacon.
My soul, not being able to intend two things at once, abated of its fervency in praying. Fuller.

7. To fix the mind upon (something to be accomplished); to be intent upon; to mean; to design; to plan; to purpose; -- often followed by an infinitely with to, or a dependent clause with that; as, he intends to go; he intends that she shall remain.

They intended evil against thee. Ps. xxi. 11.
To-morrow he intends To hunt the boar with certain of his friends. Shak.

8. To design mechanically or artistically; to fashion; to mold. [Obs.]

Modesty was made When she was first intended. Beau. & Fl.

9. To pretend; to counterfeit; to simulate. [Obs.]

Intend a kind of zeal both to the prince and Claudio. Shak.
Syn. -- To purpose; mean; design; plan; conceive; contemplate.

Intendancy

In*tend"an*cy (?), n.; pl. Intendancies (#). [Cf. F. intendance. See Intendant.]

1. The office or employment of an intendant.

2. A territorial district committed to the charge of an intendant.

Intendant

In*tend"ant (?), n. [F. intendant, fr. L. intendere to direct (one's thoughts) to a thing. See Intend.] One who has the charge, direction, or management of some public business; a superintendent; as, an intendant of marine; an intendant of finance.

Intendant

In*tend"ant, a. [See Intend.] Attentive. [Obs.]

Intended

In*tend"ed, a.

1. Made tense; stretched out; extended; forcible; violent. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. Purposed; designed; as, intended harm or help.

They drew a curse from an intended good. Cowper.

3. Betrothed; affianced; as, an intended husband.

Intended

In*tend"ed, n. One with whom marriage is designed; one who is betrothed; an affianced lover.
If it were not that I might appear to disparage his intended, . . . I would add that to me she seems to be throwing herself away. Dickens.

Intendedly

In*tend"ed*ly, adv. Intentionally. [R.] Milton.

Intendent

In*tend"ent (?), n. See Intendant, n. [Obs.]

Intender

In*tend"er (?), n. One who intends. Feltham.

Intendiment

In*tend"i*ment (?), n. [LL. intendimentum. See Intendment.] Attention; consideration; knowledge; understanding. [Obs.] Spenser.

Intendment

In*tend"ment (?), n. [OE. entendement understanding, insight, F. entendement, fr. LL. intendimentum. See Intend.]

1. Charge; oversight. [Obs.] Ford.

2. Intention; design; purpose.

The intendment of God and nature. Jer. Taylor.

3. (Law) The true meaning, understanding, or intention of a law, or of any legal instrument.

Intenerate

In*ten"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intenerated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intenerating.] [Pref. in- in + L. tener soft, tender. See Tender, a.] To make tender or sensitive; to soften.
Page 775

Fear intenerates the heart. Bp. Hall.
So have I seen the little purls of a stream . . . intenerate the stubborn pavement. Jer. Taylor.

Intenerate

In*ten"er*ate (?), a. Made tender or soft; softened. [Obs.]

Inteneration

In*ten`er*a"tion (?), n. The act or process of intenerating, or the state of being intenerated; softening. [R.] Bacon.

Intenible

In*ten"i*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + L. tenere to hold: cf. L. intenibilis not to be grasped. Cf. Intenable.] Incapable of holding or containing. [Obs.]
This captious and intenible sieve. Shak.

Intensate

In*ten"sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intensated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intensating.] [See Intense.] To intensify. [R.] Emerson.

Intensation

In`ten*sa"tion (?), n. The act or process of intensifying; intensification; climax. [R.] Carlyle.

Intensative

In*ten"sa*tive (?), a. Adding intensity; intensifying.

Intense

In*tense" (?), a. [L. intensus stretched, tight, p. p. of intendere to stretch: cf. F. intense. See Intend, and cf. Intent, and cf. Intent, a.]

1. Strained; tightly drawn; kept on the stretch; strict; very close or earnest; as, intense study or application; intense thought.

2. Extreme in degree; excessive; immoderate; as: (a) Ardent; fervent; as, intense heat. (b) Keen; biting; as, intense cold. (c) Vehement; earnest; exceedingly strong; as, intense passion or hate. (d) Very severe; violent; as, intense pain or anguish. (e) Deep; strong; brilliant; as, intense color or light.

In this intense seclusion of the forest. Hawthorne.

Intensely

In*tense"ly, adv.

1. Intently. [Obs.] J. Spencer.

2. To an extreme degree; as, weather intensely cold.

Intenseness

In*tense"ness, n. The state or quality of being intense; intensity; as, the intenseness of heat or cold; the intenseness of study or thought.

Intensification

In*ten`si*fi*ca"tion (?), n. The act or process of intensifying, or of making more intense.

Intensifier

In*ten"si*fi`er (?), n. One who or that which intensifies or strengthens; in photography, an agent used to intensify the lights or shadows of a picture.

Intensify

In*ten"si*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intensified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intensifying (?).] [Intense + -fly.] To render more intense; as, to intensify heat or cold; to intensify colors; to intensify a photographic negative; to intensify animosity. Bacon.
How piercing is the sting of pride By want embittered and intensified. Longfellow.

Intensify

In*ten"si*fy, v. i. To become intense, or more intense; to act with increasing power or energy.

Intension

In*ten"sion (?), n. [L. intensio: cf. F. intension. See Intend, and cf. Intention.]

1. A straining, stretching, or bending; the state of being strained; as, the intension of a musical string.

2. Increase of power or energy of any quality or thing; intenseness; fervency. Jer. Taylor.

Sounds . . . likewise do rise and fall with the intension or remission of the wind. Bacon.

3. (Logic & Metaph.) The collective attributes, qualities, or marks that make up a complex general notion; the comprehension, content, or connotation; -- opposed to extension, extent, or sphere.

This law is, that the intension of our knowledge is in the inverse ratio of its extension. Sir W. Hamilton.

Intensitive

In*ten"si*tive (?), a. Increasing the force or intensity of; intensive; as, the intensitive words of a sentence. H. Sweet.

Intensity

In*ten"si*ty (?), n. [LL. intensitas: cf. F. intensit\'82. See Intense.]

1. The state or quality of being intense; intenseness; extreme degree; as, intensity of heat, cold, mental application, passion, etc.

If you would deepen the intensity of light, you must be content to bring into deeper blackness and more distinct and definite outline the shade that accompanies it. F. W. Robertson.

2. (Physics) The amount or degree of energy with which a force operates or a cause acts; effectiveness, as estimated by results produced.

3. (Mech.) The magnitude of a distributed force, as pressure, stress, weight, etc., per unit of surface, or of volume, as the case may be; as, the measure of the intensity of a total stress of forty pounds which is distributed uniformly over a surface of four square inches area is ten pounds per square inch.

4. (Photog.) The degree or depth of shade in a picture.

Intensive

In*ten"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. intensif. See Intense.]

1. Stretched; admitting of intension, or increase of degree; that can be intensified. Sir M. Hale.

2. Characterized by persistence; intent; unremitted; assiduous; intense. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

3. (Gram.) Serving to give force or emphasis; as, an intensive verb or preposition.

Intensive

In*ten"sive, n. That which intensifies or emphasizes; an intensive verb or word.

Intensively

In*ten"sive*ly, adv. In an intensive manner; by increase of degree. Abp. Bramhall.

Intensiveness

In*ten"sive*ness, n. The quality or state of being intensive; intensity. Sir M. Hale.

Intent

In*tent" (?), a. [L. intentus, p. p. of intendere. See Intend, and cf. Intense.]

1. Closely directed; strictly attentive; bent; -- said of the mind, thoughts, etc.; as, a mind intent on self-improvement.

2. Having the mind closely directed to or bent on an object; sedulous; eager in pursuit of an object; -- formerly with to, but now with on; as, intent on business or pleasure. "Intent on mischief." Milton.

Be intent and solicitous to take up the meaning of the speaker. I. Watts.

Intent

In*tent", n. [OE. entent, entente, attention, purpose, OF. entente, F. entente understanding, meaning; a participial noun, fr. F. & OF. entendre. See Intend.] The act of turning the mind toward an object; hence, a design; a purpose; intention; meaning; drift; aim.
Be thy intents wicked or charitable. Shak.
The principal intent of Scripture is to deliver the Hooker.
To all intents, and purposes, in all applications or senses; practically; really; virtually; essentially. "He was miserable to all intents and purpose." L'Estrange. Syn. -- Design; purpose; intention; meaning; purport; view; drift; object; end; aim; plan.

Intentation

In`ten*ta"tion (?), n. Intention. [Obs.]

Intention

In*ten"tion (?), n. [F. intention, L. intentio. See Intend, and cf. Intension.]

1. A stretching or bending of the mind toward of the mind toward an object; closeness of application; fixedness of attention; earnestness.

Intention is when the mind, with great earnestness, and of choice, fixes its view on any idea. Locke.

2. A determination to act in a certain way or to do a certain thing; purpose; design; as, an intention to go to New York.

Hell is paved with good intentions. Johnson.

3. The object toward which the thoughts are directed; end; aim.

In [chronical distempers], the principal intention is to restore the tone of the solid parts. Arbuthnot.

4. The state of being strained. See Intension. [Obs.]

5. (Logic) Any mental apprehension of an object. First intention (Logic), a conception of a thing formed by the first or direct application of the mind to the individual object; an idea or image; as, man, stone. -- Second intention (Logic), a conception generalized from first intuition or apprehension already formed by the mind; an abstract notion; especially, a classified notion, as species, genus, whiteness. -- To heal by the first intention (Surg.), to cicatrize, as a wound, without suppuration. -- To heal by the second intention (Surg.), to unite after suppuration. Syn. -- Design; purpose; object; aim; intent; drift; purport; meaning. See Design.

Intentional

In*ten"tion*al (?), a. [Cf. F. intentionnel.] Done by intention or design; intended; designed; as, the act was intentional, not accidental.

Intentionality

In*ten`tion*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being intentional; purpose; design. Coleridge.

Intentionally

In*ten"tion*al*ly (?), adv. In an intentional manner; with intention; by design; of purpose.

Intentioned

In*ten"tioned (?), a. Having designs; -- chiefly used in composition; as, well-intentioned, having good designs; ill-intentioned, having ill designs.

Intentive

In*ten"tive (?), a. [OE. ententif, OF. ententif, fr. L. intentivus intensive. See Intent, n., and cf. Intensive.] Attentive; intent. [Obs.] Spenser.

Intentively

In*ten"tive*ly, adv. Attentively; closely. [Obs.] "Intentively to observe." Holland.

Intentiveness

In*ten"tive*ness, n. Closeness of attention or application of mind; attentiveness. [Obs.] W. Montagu.

Intently

In*tent"ly (?), adv. In an intent manner; as, the eyes intently fixed. Syn. -- Fixedly; steadfastly; earnestly; attentively; sedulously; diligently; eagerly.

Intentness

In*tent"ness, n. The state or quality of being intent; close application; attention.
Extreme solicitude or intentness upon business. South.

Inter-

In"ter- (?). [L. inter, prep., among, between, a compar. form of in in; akin to intra, intro, within, Skr. antar between, in, and E.in. See In, and cf. Entrails, Interior, Enter-, Exterior.] A prefix signifying among, between, amid; as, interact, interarticular, intermit.

Inter

In*ter" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interring (?).] [OE. enteren, OF. enterer, enterrer, LL. interrare; L. pref. in- in + terra the earth. See Terrace.] To deposit and cover in the earth; to bury; to inhume; as, to inter a dead body. Shak.

Interact

In`ter*act" (?), n. [Pref. inter- + act. Cf. Entr'acte.] A short act or piece between others, as in a play; an interlude; hence, intermediate employment or time. Chesterfield.

Interact

In`ter*act", v. i. To act upon each other; as, two agents mutually interact. Emerson. Tyndall.

Interaction

In`ter*ac"tion (?), n.

1. Intermediate action.

2. Mutual or reciprocal action or influence; as, the interaction of the heart and lungs on each other.

Interadditive

In`ter*ad"di*tive (?), a. Added or placed between the parts of another thing, as a clause inserted parenthetically in a sentence.

Interagency

In`ter*a"gen*cy (?), n. Intermediate agency.

Interagent

In`ter*a"gent (?), n. An intermediate agent.

Interall

In"ter*all (?), n. Entrail or inside. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

Interalveolar

In`ter*al"ve*o*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between alveoli; as, the interalveolar septa between adjacent air cells in the lungs.

Interambulacral

In`ter*am`bu*la"cral (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the interambulacra.

Interambulacrum

In`ter*am`bu*la"crum (?), n.; pl. L. Interambulacra (, E. Interambulacrums (. (Zo\'94l.) In echinoderms, one of the areas or zones intervening between two ambulacra. See Illust. of Ambulacrum.

Interamnian

In`ter*am"ni*an (?), a. [Pref. inter- + L. amnis river: cf. L. interamnus.] Situated between rivers. [R.] "An interamnian country." J. Bryant.

Interanimate

In`ter*an"i*mate (?), v. t. To animate or inspire mutually. [Obs.] Donne.

Interarboration

In`ter*ar`bo*ra"tion (?), n. The interweaving of branches of trees. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Interarticular

In`ter*ar*tic"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated between joints or articulations; as, interarticular cartilages and ligaments.

Interatomic

In`ter*a*tom"ic (?), a. (Chem. & Physics) Between atoms; situated, or acting, between the atoms of bodies; as, interatomic forces.

Interaulic

In`ter*au"lic (?), a. Existing between royal courts. [R.] "Interaulic politics." Motley.

Interauricular

In`ter*au*ric"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between the auricles; as, the interauricular partition of the heart.

Interaxal

In`ter*ax"al (?), a. (Arch.) Situated in an interaxis. Gwilt.

Interaxillary

In`ter*ax"il*la*ry (?), a. (Bot.) Situated within or between the axils of leaves.

Interaxis

In`ter*ax"is (?), n.; pl. Interaxes (. (Arch.) The space between two axes. See Axis, 6.
The doors, windows, niches, and the like, are then placed centrally in the interaxes. Gwilt.

Interbastation

In`ter*bas*ta"tion (?), n. [Pref. inter- + baste to sew.] Patchwork. [Obs.] Dr. J. Smith.

Interbrachial

In`ter*brach"i*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Between the arms.

Interbrain

In`ter*brain` (?), n. (Anat.) See Thalamencephalon.

Interbranchial

In`ter*bran"chi*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Between the branchi\'91.

Interbreed

In`ter*breed" (?), v. t. & i. To breed by crossing different stocks of animals or plants.

Intercalar

In*ter"ca*lar (?), a. Intercalary.

Intercalary

In*ter"ca*la*ry (?; 277), a. [L. intercalaris, intercalarius: cf. F. intercalaire. See Intercalate.]

1. (Chron.) Inserted or introduced among others in the calendar; as, an intercalary month, day, etc.; -- now applied particularly to the odd day (Feb. 29) inserted in the calendar of leap year. See Bissextile, n.

2. Introduced or inserted among others; additional; supernumerary. "Intercalary spines." Owen.

This intercalary line . . . is made the last of a triplet. Beattie.
Intercalary day (Med.), one on which no paroxysm of an intermittent disease occurs. Mayne.

Intercalate

In*ter"ca*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intercalated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intercalating (?).] [L. intercalatus, p. p. of intercalare to intercalate to intercalate; inter between + calare to call, proclaim. See Calendar.]

1. (Chron.) To insert, as a day or other portion of time, in a calendar.

2. To insert among others, as a verse in a stanza; specif. (Geol.), to introduce as a bed or stratum, between the layers of a regular series of rocks.

Beds of fresh-water shells . . . are intercalated and interstratified with the shale. Mantell.

Intercalation

In*ter`ca*la"tion (?), n. [L. intercalatio: cf. F. intercalation.]

1. (Chron.) The insertion of a day, or other portion of time, in a calendar.

2. The insertion or introduction of anything among others, as the insertion of a phrase, line, or verse in a metrical composition; specif. (Geol.), the intrusion of a bed or layer between other layers.

Intercalations of fresh-water species in some localities. Mantell.

Intercarotid

In`ter*ca*rot"id (?), a. (Anat.) Situated between the external and internal carotid arteries; as, an intercarotid ganglion.

Intercarpal

In`ter*car"pal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the carpal bone; as, intercarpal articulations, ligaments.

Intercartilaginous

In`ter*car`ti*lag"i*nous (?), a. (Anat.) Within cartilage; endochondral; as, intercartilaginous ossification.

Intercavernous

In`ter*cav"ern*ous (?), a. (Anat.) Between the cavernous sinuses; as, the intercavernous sinuses connecting the cavernous sinuses at the base of the brain.

Intercede

In`ter*cede" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Interceded; p. pr. & vb. n. Interceding.] [L. intercedere, intercessum; inter between + cedere to pass: cf. F. interc\'82der. See Cede.]

1. To pass between; to intervene. [Obs.]

He supposed that a vast period interceded between that origination and the age wherein he lived. Sir M. Hale.

2. To act between parties with a view to reconcile differences; to make intercession; to beg or plead in behalf of another; to mediate; -- usually followed by with and for; as, I will intercede with him for you.

I to the lords will intercede, not doubting Their favorable ear. Milton.
Syn. -- To mediate; arbitrate. See Interpose.

Intercede

In`ter*cede", v. t. To be, to come, or to pass, between; to separate. [Obs.] Sir I. Newton.

Intercedence

In`ter*ced"ence (?), n. The act of interceding; intercession; intervention. [R.] Bp. Reynolds.

Intercedent

In`ter*ced"ent, a. [L. intercedens, p. pr. of intercedere.] Passing between; mediating; pleading. [R.] -- In`ter*ced"ent*ly, adv.

Interceder

In`ter*ced"er (?), n. One who intercedes; an intercessor; a mediator. Johnson.

Intercellular

In`ter*cel"lu*lar (?), a. Lying between cells or cellules; as, intercellular substance, space, or fluids; intercellular blood channels.

Intercentral

In`ter*cen"tral (?), a. Between centers. Intercentral nerves (Physiol.), those nerves which transmit impulses between nerve centers, as opposed to peripheral fibers, which convey impulses between peripheral parts and nerve centers.

Intercentrum

In`ter*cen"trum (?), n.; pl. Intercentra (. (Anat.) The median of the three elements composing the centra of the vertebr\'91 in some fossil batrachians.

Intercept

In`ter*cept" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intercepted; p. pr. & vb. n. Intercepting.] [L. interceptus, p. p. of intercipere to intercept; inter between + capere to take, seize: cf. F. intercepter. See Capable.]

1. To take or seize by the way, or before arrival at the destined place; to cause to stop on the passage; as, to intercept a letter; a telegram will intercept him at Paris.

God will shortly intercept your breath. Joye.

2. To obstruct or interrupt the progress of; to stop; to hinder or oppose; as, to intercept the current of a river.

Who intercepts me in my expedition? Shak.
We must meet first, and intercept his course. Dryden.

3. To interrupt communication with, or progress toward; to cut off, as the destination; to blockade.

While storms vindictive intercept the shore. Pope.

Page 776

4. (Math.) To include between; as, that part of the intercepted between the points A and B. Syn. -- To cut off; stop; catch; seize; obstruct.

Intercept

In"ter*cept` (?), n. (Math.) A part cut off or intercepted, as a portion of a line included between two points, or cut off two straight lines or curves.

Intercepter

In`ter*cept"er (?), n. One who, or that which, intercepts. Shak.

Interception

In`ter*cep"tion (?), n. [L. interceptio a taking away: cf. F. interception.] The act of intercepting; as, interception of a letter; interception of the enemy.

Interceptive

In`ter*cept"ive (?), a. Intercepting or tending to intercept. <-- interceptor n. one that intercepts, esp. a fast-climbing high-speed combat airplane for defense against attacking airplanes; also, a missile which intercepts and destroys incoming missiles or airplanes. Also spelt intercepter. [MW10]-->

Intercession

In`ter*ces"sion (?), n. [L. intercessio an intervention, a becoming surety: cf. F. intercession. See Intercede.] The act of interceding; mediation; interposition between parties at variance, with a view to reconcilation; prayer, petition, or entreaty in favor of, or (less often) against, another or others.
But the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us with groanings which can not be uttered. Rom. viii. 26.

Intercessional

In`ter*ces"sion*al (?), a. Pertaining to, of the nature of, or characterized by, intercession or entreaty.

Intercessionate

In`ter*ces"sion*ate (?), v. t. To entreat. [Obs.]

Intercessor

In`ter*ces"sor (?), n. [L., a surety: cf. F. intercesseur.]

1. One who goes between, or intercedes; a mediator. (a) One who interposes between parties at variance, with a view to reconcile them. (b) One who pleads in behalf of another. Milton.

2. (Eccl.) A bishop, who, during a vacancy of the see, administers the bishopric till a successor is installed.

Intercessorial

In`ter*ces*so"ri*al (?), a. Intercessory.

Intercessory

In`ter*ces"so*ry (?), a. [LL. intercessorius.] Pertaining to, of the nature of, or characterized by, intercession; interceding; as, intercessory prayer.

Interchain

In`ter*chain" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interchained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interchaining.] To link together; to unite closely or firmly, as by a chain.
Two bosoms interchained with an oath. Shak.

Interchange

In`ter*change" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interchanged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interchanging (?).] [OE. entrechangen, OF. entrechangier. See Inter-, and Change.]

1. To put each in the place of the other; to give and take mutually; to exchange; to reciprocate; as, to interchange places; they interchanged friendly offices and services.

I shall interchange My waned state for Henry's regal crown. Shak.

2. To cause to follow alternately; to intermingle; to vary; as, to interchange cares with pleasures.

Interchange

In`ter*change", v. i. To make an interchange; to alternate. Sir P. Sidney.

Interchange

In`ter*change" (?), n. [Cf. OF. entrechange.]

1. The act of mutually changing; the act of mutually giving and receiving; exchange; as, the interchange of civilities between two persons. "Interchange of kindnesses." South.

2. The mutual exchange of commodities between two persons or countries; barter; commerce. Howell.

3. Alternate succession; alternation; a mingling.

The interchanges of light and darkness. Holder.
Sweet interchange Of hill and valley, rivers, woods, and plains. Milton.

Interchangeability

In`ter*change`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being interchangeable; interchangeableness.

Interchangeable

In`ter*change"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF. entrechangeable.]

1. Admitting of exchange or mutual substitution. "Interchangeable warrants." Bacon.

2. Following each other in alternate succession; as, the four interchangeable seasons. Holder. -- In`ter*change"a*ble*ness, n. -- In`ter*change"a*bly, adv.

Interchangement

In`ter*change"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. entrechangement.] Mutual transfer; exchange. [Obs.] Shak.

Interchapter

In`ter*chap"ter (?), n. An intervening or inserted chapter.

Intercidence

In*ter"ci*dence (?), n. [See Intercident.] The act or state of coming or falling between; occurrence; incident. [Obs.] Holland.

Intercident

In*ter"ci*dent (?), a. [L. intercidens, -entis, p. pr. of intercidere to fall between; inter between + cadere to fall.] Falling or coming between; happening accidentally. [Obs.] Boyle.

Intercipient

In`ter*cip"i*ent (?), a. [L. intercipiens, -entis, p. pr. of intercipere. See Intercept.] Intercepting; stopping. -- n. One who, or that which, intercepts or stops anything on the passage. Wiseman.

Inrecision

In`re*ci"sion (?), n. [L. intercisio a cutting through, fr. intercidere to cut asunder.] A cutting off, through, or asunder; interruption. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Intercitizenship

In`ter*cit"i*zen*ship (?), n. The mutual right to civic privileges, in the different States. Bancroft.

Interclavicle

In`ter*clav"i*cle (?), n. (Anat.) See Episternum.

Interclavicular

In`ter*cla*vic"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Between the clavicles; as, the interclavicular notch of the sternum. (b) Of or pertaining to the interclavicle.

Interclose

In`ter*close" (?), v. t. [Pref. inter- + close. See Interclude.] To shut in; to inclose. [Obs.]

Intercloud

In`ter*cloud" (?), v. t. To cloud. [R.] Daniel.

Interclude

In`ter*clude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intercluded; p. pr. & vb. n. Intercluding.] [L. intercludere, interclusum; inter between + claudere to shut. See Close, and cf. Interclose.] To shut off or out from a place or course, by something intervening; to intercept; to cut off; to interrupt. Mitford.
So all passage of external air into the receiver may be intercluded. Boyle.

Interclusion

In`ter*clu"sion (?), n. [L. interclusio. See Interclude.] Interception; a stopping

Intercollegiate

In`ter*col*le"gi*ate (?), a. Existing or carried on between colleges or universities; as, intercollegiate relations, rivalry, games, etc.

Intercolline

In`ter*col"line (?), a. (Geol.) Situated between hills; -- applied especially to valleys lying between volcanic cones.

Intercolonial

In`ter*co*lo"ni*al (?), a. Between or among colonies; pertaining to the intercourse or mutual relations of colonies; as, intercolonial trade. -- In`ter*co*lo"ni*al*ly, adv.

Intercolumnar

In`ter*co*lum"nar (?), a. Between columns or pillars; as, the intercolumnar fibers of Poupart's ligament; an intercolumnar statue.

Intercolumniation

In`ter*co*lum`ni*a"tion (?), n. (Arch.) The clear space between two columns, measured at the bottom of their shafts. Gwilt. &hand; It is customary to measure the intercolumniation in terms of the diameter of the shaft, taken also at the bottom. Different words, derived from the Greek, are in use to denote certain common proportions. They are: Pycnostyle, when the intercolumniation is of one and a half diameters; Systyle, of two diameters; Eustyle, of two and a quarter diameters; Diastyle, of three diameters; Ar\'91ostyle, of four or more, and so great that a wooden architrave has to be used instead of stone; Ar\'91osystyle, when the intercolumniations are alternately systyle and ar\'91ostyle.

Intercombat

In`ter*com"bat (?), n. Combat. [Obs.] Daniel.

Intercoming

In`ter*com"ing (?), n. The act of coming between; intervention; interference. [Obs.]

Intercommon

In`ter*com"mon (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intercommoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intercommoning.] [OF. entrecommuner. See Inter-, and Common, and cf. Intercommune.]

1. To share with others; to participate; especially, to eat at the same table. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. (O. Eng. Law) To graze cattle promiscuously in the commons of each other, as the inhabitants of adjoining townships, manors, etc.

Intercommonage

In`ter*com"mon*age (?), n. (O. Eng. Law) The right or privilege of intercommoning.

Intercommune

In`ter*com*mune" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Intercommuned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intercommuning.] [Cf. Intercommon, Intercommunicate, Commune.]

1. To intercommunicate. [Obs.]

2. To have mutual communication or intercourse by conservation. [Scot.]

Intercommunicable

In`ter*com*mu"ni*ca*ble (?), a. Capable of being mutually communicated.

Intercommunicate

In`ter*com*mu"ni*cate (?), v. i. To communicate mutually; to hold mutual communication.

Intercommunicate

In`ter*com*mu"ni*cate, v. t. To communicate mutually; to interchange. Holland.

Intercommunication

In`ter*com*mu`ni*ca"tion (?), n. Mutual communication. Owen.

Intercommunion

In`ter*com*mun"ion (?), n. Mutual communion; as, an intercommunion of deities. Faber.

Intercommunity

In`ter*com*mu"ni*ty (?), n. Intercommunication; community of possessions, religion, etc.
In consequence of that intercommunity of paganism . . . one nation adopted the gods of another. Bp. Warburton.

Intercomparison

In`ter*com*par"i*son (?), n. Mutual comparison of corresponding parts.

Intercondylar, Intercondyloid

In`ter*con"dy*lar (?), In`ter*con"dy*loid (?), a. (Anat.) Between condyles; as, the intercondylar fossa or notch of the femur.

Interconnect

In`ter*con*nect" (?), v. t. To join together.

Interconnection

In`ter*con*nec"tion (?), n. Connection between; mutual connection.

Intercontinental

In`ter*con`ti*nen"tal (?), a. Between or among continents; subsisting or carried on between continents; as, intercontinental relations or commerce.

Interconvertible

In`ter*con*vert"i*ble (?), a. Convertible the one into the other; as, coin and bank notes are interconvertible.

Intercostal

In`ter*cos"tal (?), a. (Anat. & Physiol.) Between the ribs; pertaining to, or produced by, the parts between the ribs; as, intercostal respiration, in which the chest is alternately enlarged and contracted by the intercostal muscles.

Intercourse

In"ter*course (?), n. [Formerly entercourse, OF. entrecours commerce, exchange, F. entrecours a reciprocal right on neighboring lands, L. intercursus a running between, fr. intercurrere to run between. See Inter-, and Course.] A
This sweet intercourse Of looks and smiles. Milton.
Sexual intercourse, sexual or carnal connection; coition. Syn. -- Communication; connection; commerce; communion; fellowship; familiarity; acquaintance.

Intercross

In`ter*cross" (?; 115), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Intercrossed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intercrossing.]

1. To cross each other, as lines.

2. (Biol.) To fertilize by the impregnation of one species or variety by another; to impregnate by a different species or variety.

Intercross

In"ter*cross` (?), n. The process or result of cross fertilization between different kinds of animals, or different varieties of plants.
We have reason to believe that occasional intercrosses take place with all animals and plants. Darwin.

Intercrural

In`ter*cru"ral (?), a. (Anat.) Between crura; -- applied especially to the interneural plates in the vertebral column of many cartilaginous fishes.

Intercur

In`ter*cur" (?), v. i. [L. intercurrere. See Intercourse.] To intervene; to come or occur in the meantime. [Obs.] Shelton.

Intercurrence

In`ter*cur"rence (?), n. [See Intercurrent.] A passing or running between; occurrence. Boyle.

Intercurrent

In`ter*cur"rent (?), a. [L. intercurrens, p. pr. of intercurrere: cf. F. intercurrent. See Intercur.]

1. Running between or among; intervening. Boyle. Bp. Fell.

2. (Med.) (a) Not belonging to any particular season. (b) Said of diseases occurring in the course of another disease. Dunglison.

Intercurrent

In`ter*cur"rent (?), n. Something intervening. Holland.

Intercutaneous

In`ter*cu*ta"ne*ous (?), a. Subcutaneous.

Interdash

In`ter*dash" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interdashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interdashing.] To dash between or among; to intersperse. Cowper.

Interdeal

In`ter*deal", v. i. To intrigue. [Obs.] Daniel.

Interdental

In`ter*den"tal (?), a.

1. Situated between teeth; as, an interdental space, the space between two teeth in a gear wheel.

2. (Phon.) Formed between the upper and lower teeth; as, interdental consonants.

Interdentil

In`ter*den"til (?), n. (Arch.) The space between two dentils. Gwilt.

Interdependence

In`ter*de*pend"ence (?), n. Mutual dependence. "The interdependence of virtue and knowledge." M. Arnold.

Interdependency

In`ter*de*pend"en*cy (?), n. Mutual dependence; as, interdependency of interests. De Quincey.

Interdependent

In`ter*de*pend"ent (?), a. Mutually dependent.

Interdict

In`ter*dict" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interdicted; p. pr. & vb. n. Interdicting.] [OE. entrediten to forbid communion, L. interdicere, interdictum. See Interdict, n.]

1. To forbid; to prohibit or debar; as, to interdict intercourse with foreign nations.

Charged not to touch the interdicted tree. Milton.

2. (Eccl.) To lay under an interdict; to cut off from the enjoyment of religious privileges, as a city, a church, an individual.

An archbishop may not only excommunicate and interdict his suffragans, but his vicar general may do the same. Ayliffe.

Interdict

In"ter*dict` (?), n. [OE. entredit, enterdit, OF. entredit, F. interdit, fr. L. interdictum, fr. interdicere to interpose, prohibit; inter between + dicere to say. See Diction.]

1. A prohibitory order or decree; a prohibition.

These are not fruits forbidden; no interdict Defends the touching of these viands pure. Milton.

2. (R. C. Ch.) A prohibition of the pope, by which the clergy or laymen are restrained from performing, or from attending, divine service, or from administering the offices or enjoying the privileges of the church.

3. (Scots Law) An order of the court of session, having the like purpose and effect with a writ of injunction out of chancery in England and America.

Interdiction

In`ter*dic"tion (?), n. [L. interdictio: cf. F. interdiction.] The act of interdicting; prohibition; prohibiting decree; curse; interdict.
The truest issue of thy throne By his own interdiction stands accurst. Shak.

Interdictive

In`ter*dict"ive (?), a. Having the power to prohibit; as, an interdictive sentence. Milton.

Interdictory

In`ter*dict"o*ry (?), a. [L. interdictorius.] Belonging to an interdiction; prohibitory.

Interdigital

In`ter*dig"i*tal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the fingers or toes; as, interdigital space.

Interdigitate

In`ter*dig"i*tate (?), v. t. To interweave. [R.]

Interdigitate

In`ter*dig"i*tate, v. i. [Pref. inter- + L. digitus finger.] To interlock, as the fingers of two hands that are joined; to be interwoven; to commingle. Owen.

Interdigitation

In`ter*dig`i*ta"tion (?), n. (Anat.) The state of interdigitating; interdigital space. Owen.

Interdome

In"ter*dome` (?), n. (Arch.) The open space between the inner and outer shells of a dome or cupola of masonry.

Interduce

In"ter*duce (?), n. [Cf. F. entre-deux, literally, between two.] (Carp.) An intertie.

Interepimeral

In"ter*e*pim"er*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Between the epimeral plates of insects and crustaceans.

Interequinoctial

In`ter*e`qui*noc"tial (?), a. Coming between the equinoxes.
Summer and winter I have called interequinoctial intervals. F. Balfour.

Interess

In"ter*ess (?), v. t. [See Interest, v. t.] To interest or affect. [Obs.] Hooker.

Interesse

In"ter*esse (?), n. Interest. [Obs.] Spenser.

Interest

In"ter*est (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interested (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interesting.] [From interess'd, p. p. of the older form interess, fr. F. int\'82resser, L. interesse. See Interest, n.]

1. To engage the attention of; to awaken interest in; to excite emotion or passion in, in behalf of a person or thing; as, the subject did not interest him; to interest one in charitable work.

To love our native country . . . to be interested in its concerns is natural to all men. Dryden.
A goddess who used to interest herself in marriages. Addison.

2. To be concerned with or engaged in; to affect; to concern; to excite; -- often used impersonally. [Obs.]

Or rather, gracious sir, Create me to this glory, since my cause Doth interest this fair quarrel. Ford.

3. To cause or permit to share. [Obs.]

The mystical communion of all faithful men is such as maketh every one to be interested in those precious blessings which any one of them receiveth at God's hands. Hooker.
Syn. -- To concern; excite; attract; entertain; engage; occupy; hold.

Interest

In"ter*est, n. [OF. interest, F. int\'82r\'88t, fr. L. interest it interests, is of interest, fr. interesse to be between, to be difference, to be importance; inter between + esse to be; cf. LL. interesse usury. See Essence.]

1. Excitement of feeling, whether pleasant or painful, accompanying special attention to some object; concern. &hand; Interest expresses mental excitement of various kinds and degrees. It may be intellectual, or sympathetic and emotional, or merely personal; as, an interest in philosophical research; an interest in human suffering; the interest which an avaricious man takes in money getting.

So much interest have I in thy sorrow. Shak.

Page 777

2. Participation in advantage, profit, and responsibility; share; portion; part; as, an interest in a brewery; he has parted with his interest in the stocks.

3. Advantage, personal or general; good, regarded as a selfish benefit; profit; benefit.

Divisions hinder the common interest and public good. Sir W. Temple.
When interest calls of all her sneaking train. Pope.

4. Premium paid for the use of money, -- usually reckoned as a percentage; as, interest at five per cent per annum on ten thousand dollars.

They have told their money, and let out Their coin upon large interest. Shak.

5. Any excess of advantage over and above an exact equivalent for what is given or rendered.

You shall have your desires with interest. Shak.

6. The persons interested in any particular business or measure, taken collectively; as, the iron interest; the cotton interest. Compound interest, interest, not only on the original principal, but also on unpaid interest from the time it fell due. -- Simple interest, interest on the principal sum without interest on overdue interest.

Interested

In"ter*est*ed (?), a. [See Interest, v. t.]

1. Having the attention engaged; having emotion or passion excited; as, an interested listener.

2. Having an interest; concerned in a cause or in consequences; liable to be affected or prejudiced; as, an interested witness.

Interestedness

In"ter*est*ed*ness, n. The state or quality of being interested; selfishness. Richardson.

Interesting

In"ter*est*ing, a. Engaging the attention; exciting, or adapted to excite, interest, curiosity, or emotion; as, an interesting story; interesting news. Cowper.

Interestingly

In"ter*est*ing*ly, adv. In an interesting manner.

Interestingness

In"ter*est*ing*ness, n. The condition or quality of being interesting. A. Smith.

Interfacial

In`ter*fa"cial (?), a. (Geom.) Included between two plane surfaces or faces; as, an interfacial angle.

Interfascicular

In`ter*fas*cic"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between fascicles or bundles; as, the interfascicular spaces of connective tissue.

Interferant

In`ter*fer"ant (?), n. (Law) One of the contestants in interference before the Patent Office. [U.S.]

Interfere

In`ter*fere" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Interfered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interfering.] [OF. entreferir to strike each other; entre between (L. inter) + OF. ferir to strike, F. f\'82rir, fr. L. ferire. See Ferula.]

1. To come in collision; to be in opposition; to clash; as, interfering claims, or commands.

2. To enter into, or take a part in, the concerns of others; to intermeddle; to interpose.

To interfere with party disputes. Swift.
There was no room for anyone to interfere with his own opinions. Bp. Warburton.

3. To strike one foot against the opposite foot or ankle in using the legs; -- sometimes said of a human being, but usually of a horse; as, the horse interferes.

4. (Physics) To act reciprocally, so as to augment, diminish, or otherwise affect one another; -- said of waves, rays of light, heat, etc. See Interference, 2.

5. (Patent Law) To cover the same ground; to claim the same invention. Syn. -- To interpose; intermeddle. See Interpose.

Interference

In`ter*fer"ence (?), n. [See Interfere.]

1. The act or state of interfering; as, the stoppage of a machine by the interference of some of its parts; a meddlesome interference in the business of others.

2. (Physics) The mutual influence, under certain conditions, of two streams of light, or series of pulsations of sound, or, generally, two waves or vibrations of any kind, producing certain characteristic phenomena, as colored fringes, dark bands, or darkness, in the case of light, silence or increased intensity in sounds; neutralization or superposition of waves generally. &hand; The term is most commonly applied to light, and the undulatory theory of light affords the proper explanation of the phenomena which are considered to be produced by the superposition of waves, and are thus substantially identical in their origin with the phenomena of heat, sound, waves of water, and the like.

3. (Patent Law) The act or state of interfering, or of claiming a right to the same invention. Interference figures (Optics), the figures observed when certain sections of crystallized bodies are viewed in converging polarized light; thus, a section of a uniaxial crystal, cut normal to the vertical axis, shows a series of concentric colored rings with a single black cross; -- so called because produced by the interference of luminous waves. -- Interference fringe. (Optics) See Fringe.

Interferer

In`ter*fer"er (?), n. One who interferes.

Interferingly

In`ter*fer"ing*ly, adv. By or with interference.

Interflow

In`ter*flow" (?), v. i. To flow in. [R.] Holland.

Interfluent, Interfluous

In*ter"flu*ent (?), In*ter"flu*ous (?), a. [L. interfluens, p. pr., and interfluus. See Inter-, and Fluent.] Flowing between or among; intervening. Boyle.

Interfolded

In`ter*fold"ed (?), p. a. Intertwined; interlocked; clasped together. Longfellow.

Interfoliaceous

In`ter*fo`li*a"ceous (?), a. [Pref. inter- + foliaceous: cf. F. interfoliac\'82.] (Bot.) At the same node with opposite or whorled leaves, but occupying a position between their places of attachment.

Interfoliate

In`ter*fo"li*ate (?), v. t. [Pref. inter- + L. folium leaf.] To interleave. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Interfollicular

In`ter*fol*lic"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between follicles; as, the interfollicular septa in a lymphatic gland.

Interfretted

In`ter*fret"ted (?), a. (Her.) Interlaced; linked together; -- said of charges or bearings. See Fretted.

Interfulgent

In`ter*ful"gent (?), a. [L. interfulgens, p. pr. See Inter-, and Fulgent.] Shining between.

Interfuse

In`ter*fuse" (, v. t. [L. interfusus, p. p. of interfundere to pour between; inter between + fundere to pour. See Fuse to melt.]

1. To pour or spread between or among; to diffuse; to scatter.

The ambient air, wide interfused, Embracing round this florid earth. Milton.

2. To spread through; to permeate; to pervade. [R.]

Keats, in whom the moral seems to have so perfectly interfused the physical man, that you might almost say he could feel sorrow with his hands. Lowell.

3. To mix up together; to associate. H. Spencer.

Interfusion

In`ter*fu"sion (?), n. [L. interfusio.] The act of interfusing, or the state of being interfused. Coleridge.

Interganglionic

In`ter*gan`gli*on"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Between and uniting the nervous ganglions; as, interganglionic cords.

Interglobular

In`ter*glob"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between globules; -- applied esp. to certain small spaces, surrounded by minute globules, in dentine.

Intergrave

In`ter*grave" (?), v. t. [imp. Intergraved (?); p. p. Intergraved or Intergraven (p. pr. & vb. n.
Intergraving.] To grave or carve between; to engrave in the alternate sections.
The work itself of the bases, was intergraven. 3 Kings vii. 28 (Douay version. )

Interhemal, Interh\'91mal

In`ter*he"mal, In`ter*h\'91"mal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the hemal arches or hemal spines. -- n. An interhemal spine or cartilage.

Interhyal

In`ter*hy"al (?), a. [Inter- + the Greek letter (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a segment sometimes present at the proximal end of the hyoidean arch. -- n. An interhyal ligament or cartilage.

Interim

In"ter*im (?), n. [L., fr. inter between + im, an old accusative of is he, this, that.]

1. The meantime; time intervening; interval between events, etc.

All the interim is Like a phantasms, or a hideous dream. Shak.

2. (Hist.) A name given to each of three compromises made by the emperor Charles V. of Germany for the sake of harmonizing the connecting opinions of Protestants and Catholics.

Interior

In*te"ri*or (?), a. [L., compar. fr. inter between: cf. F. int\'82rieur. See Inter-, and cf. Intimate.]

1. Being within any limits, inclosure, or substance; inside; internal; inner; -- opposed to exterior, or superficial; as, the interior apartments of a house; the interior surface of a hollow ball.

2. Remote from the limits, frontier, or shore; inland; as, the interior parts of a region or country. Interior angle (Geom.), an angle formed between two sides, within any rectilinear figure, as a polygon, or between two parallel lines by these lines and another intersecting them; -- called also internal angle. -- Interior planets (Astron.), those planets within the orbit of the earth. -- Interior screw, a screw cut on an interior surface, as in a nut; a female screw. Syn. -- Internal; inside; inner; inland; inward.

Interior

In*te"ri*or, n.

1. That which is within; the internal or inner part of a thing; the inside.

2. The inland part of a country, state, or kingdom. Department of the Interior, that department of the government of the United States which has charge of pensions, patents, public lands and surveys, the Indians, education, etc.; that department of the government of a country which is specially charged with the internal affairs of that country; the home department. -- Secretary of the Interior, the cabinet officer who, in the United States, is at the head of the Department of the Interior.

Interiority

In*te`ri*or"i*ty (?), n. State of being interior.

Interiorly

In*te"ri*or*ly (?), adv. Internally; inwardly.

Interjacence, Interjacency

In`ter*ja"cence (?), In`ter*ja"cen*cy (?), n. [See Interjacent.] The state of being between; a coming or lying between or among; intervention; also, that which lies between.
England and Scotland is divided only by the interjacency of the Tweed. Sir M. Hale.

Interjacent

In`ter*ja"cent (?), a. [L. interjacens, -entis, p. pr. of interjacere to lie between; inter between + jac to lie.] Lying or being between or among; intervening; as, interjacent isles. Sir W. Raleigh.

Interjaculate

In`ter*jac"u*late (?), v. t. To ejaculate parenthetically. [R.] Thackeray.

Interjangle

In`ter*jan"gle (?), v. i. To make a dissonant, discordant noise one with another; to talk or chatter noisily. [R.] Daniel.

Interject

In`ter*ject" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interjected; p. pr. & vb. n. Interjecting.] [L. interjectus, p. p. of interjicere to interject; inter between + jac to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.] To throw in between; to insert; to interpose. Sir H. Wotton.

Interject

In`ter*ject", v. i. To throw one's self between or among; to come between; to interpose. Sir G. Buck.

Interjection

In`ter*jec"tion (?), n. [L. interjectio: cf. F. interjection. See Interject.]

1. The act of interjecting or throwing between; also, that which is interjected.

The interjection of laughing. Bacon.

2. (Gram.) A word or form of speech thrown in to express emotion or feeling, as O! Alas! Ha ha! Begone! etc. Compare Exclamation.

An interjection implies a meaning which it would require a whole grammatical sentence to expound, and it may be regarded as the rudiment of such a sentence. But it is a confusion of thought to rank it among the parts of speech. Earle.
How now! interjections? Why, then, some be of laughing, as, ah, ha, he! Shak.

Interjectional

In`ter*jec"tion*al (?), a.

1. Thrown in between other words or phrases; parenthetical; ejaculatory; as, an interjectional remark.

2. Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an interjection; consisting of natural and spontaneous exclamations.

Certain of the natural accompaniments of interjectional speech, such as gestures, grimaces, and gesticulations, are restrained by civilization. Earle.

Interjectionalize

In`ter*jec"tion*al*ize (?), v. t. To convert into, or to use as, an interjection. Earle.

Interjectionally

In`ter*jec"tion*al*ly, adv. In an interjectional manner. G. Eliot.

Interjectionary

In`ter*jec"tion*a*ry (?), a. Interjectional.

Interjoin

In`ter*join" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interjoined; p. pr. & vb. n. Interjoining.] [Pref. inter + join.] To join mutually; to unite. [R.] Shak.

Interjoist

In"ter*joist` (?), n. (Carp.)

1. The space or interval between two joists. Gwilt.

2. A middle joist or crossbeam. De Colange.

Interjunction

In`ter*junc"tion (?), n. [L. interjunctus, p. p. of interjungere to join together. See Inter-, and Join, and cf. Interjoin.] A mutual joining. [R.]

Interknit

In`ter*knit" (?), v. t. To knit together; to unite closely; to intertwine.

Interknow

In`ter*know" (?), v. t. To know mutually. [Obs.]

Interknowledge

In`ter*knowl"edge (?), n. Mutual knowledge or acquaintance. [Obs.] Bacon.

Interlace

In`ter*lace" (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Interlaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interlacing (?).] [OE. entrelacen, F. entrelacer. See Inter-, and Lace.] To unite, as by lacing together; to insert or interpose one thing within another; to intertwine; to interweave.
Severed into stripes That interlaced each other. Cowper.
The epic way is every where interlaced with dialogue. Dryden.
Interlacing arches (Arch.), arches, usually circular, so constructed that their archivolts intersect and seem to be interlaced.

Interlacement

In`ter*lace"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. entrelacement.] The act of interlacing, or the state of being interlaced; also, that which is interlaced.

Interlamellar, Interlaminar

In`ter*lam"el*lar (?), In`ter*lam"i*nar (?), a. (Anat.) Between lammell\'91 or lamin\'91; as, interlamellar spaces.

Interlaminated

In`ter*lam"i*na`ted (?), a. Placed between, or containing, lamin\'91 or plates.

Interlamination

In`ter*lam`i*na"tion (?), n. The state of being interlaminated.

Interlapse

In"ter*lapse` (?), n. [Pref. inter- + lapse: cf. L. interlabi, interlapsus, to fall, slide, or flow, between.] The lapse or interval of time between two events. [R.] Harvey.

Interlard

In`ter*lard" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interlarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Interlarding.] [F. entrelarder. See Inter-, and Lard.]

1. To place lard or bacon amongst; to mix, as fat meat with lean. [Obs.]

Whose grain doth rise in flakes, with fatness interlarded. Drayton.

2. Hence: To insert between; to mix or mingle; especially, to introduce that which is foreign or irrelevant; as, to interlard a conservation with oaths or allusions.

The English laws . . . [were] mingled and interlarded with many particular laws of their own. Sir M. Hale.
They interlard their native drinks with choice Of strongest brandy. J. Philips.

Interlay

In`ter*lay" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interlaid (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interlaying.] To lay or place among or between. Daniel.

Interleaf

In"ter*leaf` (?), n.; pl. Interleaves (#). [See Interleave.] A leaf inserted between other leaves; a blank leaf inserted, as in a book.

Interleave

In`ter*leave" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interleaved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interleaving.] [Pref. inter- + leaf.] To insert a leaf or leaves in; to bind with blank leaves inserted between the others; as, to interleave a book.

Interlibel

In`ter*li"bel (?), v. t. To libel mutually.

Interline

In`ter*line" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interlined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interlining.] [Pref. inter- + line: cf. LL. interlineare, F. interlin\'82er, OF. entreligner.]

1. To write or insert between lines already written or printed, as for correction or addition; to write or print something between the lines of; as, to interline a page or a book. Swift.

2. To arrange in alternate lines; as, to interline Latin and English. Locke.

3. To mark or imprint with lines.

A crooked wrinkle interlines my brow. Marlowe.

Interlineal, Interlinear

In`ter*lin"e*al (?), In`ter*lin"e*ar (?), a. [Cf. LL. interlinearis, F. interlin\'82aire.] Contained between lines; written or inserted between lines already written or printed; containing interlineations; as, an interlinear manuscript, translation, etc. -- In`ter*lin"e*ar*ly, adv.

Interlineary

In`ter*lin"e*a*ry (?), a. Interlinear. -- n. A book containing interlineations. [R.]

Interlineation

In`ter*lin`e*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. interlin\'82ation.]

1. The act of interlining.

2. That which is interlined; a passage, word, or line inserted between lines already written or printed.

Interlining

In`ter*lin"ing (?), n. Correction or alteration by writing between the lines; interlineation. Bp. Burnet.

Interlink

In`ter*link" (?), v. t. To link together; to join, as one chain to another. Dryden.

Interlink

In`ter*link" (?), n. An intermediate or connecting link.

Interlobar

In`ter*lo"bar (?), a. (Anat.) Between lobes; as, the interlobar notch of the liver; the interlobar ducts of a gland.

Interlobular

In`ter*lob"u*lar (?), a. [Pref. inter- + lobular: cf. F. interlobulaire.] (Anat.) Between lobules; as, the interlobular branches of the portal vein.
Page 778

Interlocation

In`ter*lo*ca"tion (?), n. A placing or coming between; interposition.

Interlock

In`ter*lock" (?), v. i. To unite, embrace, communicate with, or flow into, one another; to be connected in one system; to lock into one another; to interlace firmly.

Interlock

In`ter*lock", v. t. To unite by locking or linking together; to secure in place by mutual fastening.
My lady with her fingers interlocked. Tennyson.

Interlocution

In`ter*lo*cu"tion (?), n. [L. interlocutio, from interloqui, interlocutus, to speak between; inter between + loqui to speak: cf. F. interlocution. See Loquacious.]

1. Interchange of speech; dialogue; conversation; conference.

2. (Law) An intermediate act or decree before final decision. Ayliffe.

3. Hence, intermediate argument or discussion.

Interlocutor

In`ter*loc"u*tor (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. interlocuteur.]

1. One who takes part in dialogue or conversation; a talker, interpreter, or questioner. Jer. Taylor.

2. (Law) An interlocutory judgment or sentence.

Interlocutory

In`ter*loc"u*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. LL. interlocutorius, F. interlocutoire.]

1. Consisting of, or having the nature of, dialogue; conversational.

Interlocutory discourses in the Holy Scriptures. Fiddes.

2. (Law) Intermediate; not final or definitive; made or done during the progress of an action. &hand; An order, sentence, decree, or judgment, given in an intermediate stage between the commencement and termination of a cause, is called interlocutory.

Interlocutory

In`ter*loc"u*to*ry, n. [Cf. F. interlocutoire.] Interpolated discussion or dialogue.

Interlocutrice

In`ter*loc"u*trice (?), n. [F.] A female interlocutor.

Interlope

In`ter*lope" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Interloped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interloping.] [See Interloper.] To run between parties and intercept without right the advantage that one should gain from the other; to traffic without a proper license; to intrude; to forestall others; to intermeddle.

Interloper

In"ter*lo`per (?; 277), n. [Pref. inter- + D. looper a runner, fr. loopen to run; akin to E. leap. See Leap, and cf. Elope.] One who interlopes; one who interlopes; one who unlawfully intrudes upon a property, a station, or an office; one who interferes wrongfully or officiously.
The untrained man, . . . the interloper as to the professions. I. Taylor.

Interlucate

In`ter*lu"cate (?), v. t. [L. interlucatus, p. p. of interlucare; inter between + lux, lucis, light.] To let in light upon, as by cutting away branches. [Obs.]

Interlucation

In`ter*lu*ca"tion (?), n. [L. interlucatio.] Act of thinning a wood to let in light. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Interlucent

In`ter*lu"cent (?), a. [L. interlucens, p. pr. See Inter-, and Lucent.] Shining between.

Interlude

In`ter*lude (?), n. [OE. enterlude, LL. interludium; LL. inter between + ludus play, fr. ludere to play: cf. F. interlude. See Ludicrous.]

1. A short entertainment exhibited on the stage between the acts of a play, or between the play and the afterpiece, to relieve the tedium of waiting.

Dreams are but interludes, which fancy makes When monarch reason sleeps. Dryden.

2. A form of English drama or play, usually short, merry, and farcical, which succeeded the Moralities or Moral Plays in the transition to the romantic or Elizabethan drama.

3. (Mus.) A short piece of instrumental music played between the parts of a song or cantata, or the acts of a drama; especially, in church music, a short passage played by the organist between the stanzas of a hymn, or in German chorals after each line.

Interluded

In"ter*lu`ded (?), a. Inserted in the manner of an interlude; having or containing interludes.

Interluder

In"ter*lu`der (?), n. An actor who performs in an interlude. B. Jonson.

Interluency

In"ter*lu`en*cy (?), n. [L. interluens, p. pr. of interluere to flow between; inter + luere.] A flowing between; intervening water. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Interlunar, Interlunary

In`ter*lu"nar (?), In`ter*lu"na*ry (?), a. [Pref. inter- + lunar: cf. L. interlunis.] Belonging or pertaining to the time when the moon, at or near its conjunction with the sun, is invisible. Milton.

Intermandibular

In`ter*man*dib"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between the mandibles; interramal; as, the intermandibular space.

Intermarriage

In`ter*mar"riage (?), n. Connection by marriage; reciprocal marriage; giving and taking in marriage, as between two families, tribes, castes, or nations.

Intermarry

In`ter*mar"ry (?), v. i. To become connected by marriage between their members; to give and take mutually in marriage; -- said of families, ranks, castes, etc.
About the middle of the fourth century from the building of Rome, it was declared lawful for nobles and plebeians to intermarry. Swift.

Intermaxilla

In`ter*max*il"la (?), n.; pl. Intermaxill\'91 (. (Anat.) See Premaxilla.

Intermaxillary

In`ter*max"il*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Between the maxillary bones. (b) Of or pertaining to the intermaxill\'91.
-- n. An intermaxilla.

Intermean

In"ter*mean` (?), n. Something done in the meantime; interlude. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Intermeation

In`ter*me*a"tion (?), n. [L. intermeare, intermeatum; to go between; inter between + meare to go.] A flowing between. [Obs.] Bailey.

Intermeddle

In`ter*med"dle (?), v. i. [OE. entremedlen, entermellen, to mix together, OF. entremedler, entremeller, entremesler, F. entrem\'88ler. See Inter-, and Meddle.] To meddle with the affairs of others; to meddle officiously; to interpose or interfere improperly; to mix or meddle with.
The practice of Spain hath been, by war and by conditions of treaty, to intermeddle with foreign states. Bacon.
Syn. -- To interpose; interfere. See Interpose.

Intermeddle

In`ter*med"dle (?), v. t. To intermix; to mingle. [Obs.]
Many other adventures are intermeddled. Spenser.

Intermeddler

In`ter*med"dler (?), n. One who meddles with, or intrudes into, the affairs of others. Swift.

Intermeddlesome

In`ter*med"dle*some (?), a. Inclined or disposed to intermeddle. -- In`ter*med"dle*some*ness, n.

Intermeddling

In`ter*med"dling (?), n. The act of improperly interfering. Burke.

Intermede

In"ter*mede (?), n. [F. interm\'8ade, fr. L. inter between + medius, adj., middle; cf. It. intermedio. Cf. Intermezzo.] A short musical dramatic piece, of a light and pleasing, sometimes a burlesque, character; an interlude introduced between the acts of a play or an opera.

Intermediacy

In`ter*me"di*a*cy (?), n. [From Intermediate.] Interposition; intervention. Derham.

Intermedi\'91

In`ter*me"di*\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. intermedius intermedial.] (Zo\'94l.) The middle pair of tail feathers, or middle rectrices.

Intermedial

In`ter*me"di*al (?), a. [Pref. inter- + medial: cf. L. intermedius.] Lying between; intervening; intermediate. "Intermedial colors." Evelyn.

Intermedian

In`ter*me"di*an (?), a. Intermediate. [Obs.]

Intermediary

In`ter*me"di*a*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. interm\'82diaire.] Lying, coming, or done, between; intermediate; as, an intermediary project. Intermediary amputation (Surg.), an amputation for injury, performed after inflammation has set in.

Intermediary

In`ter*me"di*a*ry, n.; pl. Intermediaries (. One who, or that which, is intermediate; an interagent; a go-between.

Intermediate

In`ter*me"di*ate (?), a. [Pref. inter- + mediate: cf. F. interm\'82diat.] Lying or being in the middle place or degree, or between two extremes; coming or done between; intervening; interposed; interjacent; as, an intermediate space or time; intermediate colors. Intermediate state (Theol.), the state or condition of the soul between the death and the resurrection of the body. -- Intermediate terms (Math.), the terms of a progression or series between the first and the last (which are called the extremes); the means. -- Intermediate tie. (Arch.) Same as Intertie.

Intermediate

In`ter*me"di*ate (?), v. i. To come between; to intervene; to interpose. Milton.

Intermediately

In`ter*me"di*ate*ly (?), adv. In an intermediate manner; by way of intervention.

Intermediation

In`ter*me`di*a"tion (?), n. The act of coming between; intervention; interposition. Burke.

Intermediator

In`ter*me"di*a`tor (?), n. A mediator.

Intermedious

In`ter*me"di*ous (?), a. [L. intermedius.] Intermediate. [R.] Cudworth.

Intermedium

In`ter*me"di*um (?), n.; pl. Intermediums (#), L. Intermedia (#). [NL., neut. of L. intermedius intermediate.]

1. Intermediate space. [R.]

2. An intervening agent or instrument. Cowper.

3. (Anat.) The bone or cartilage between the radiale and ulnare in the carpus, and between the tibiale and fibulare in the tarsus. It corresponds to the lunar in the carpus, and to a part of the astragalus in the tarsus of man and most mammals.

Intermell

In`ter*mell" (?), v. i. & t. [See Intermeddle.] To intermeddle; to intermix. [Obs.] Bp. Fisher.

Intermembral

In`ter*mem"bral (?), a. (Anat.) Between members or limbs; as, intermembral homology, the correspondence of the limbs with each other.

Intermembranous

In`ter*mem"bra*nous (?), a. (Anat.) Within or beneath a membrane; as, intermembranous ossification.

Interment

In*ter"ment (?), n. [OE. enterment, F. enterrement. See Inter, v. t.] The act or ceremony of depositing a dead body in the earth; burial; sepulture; inhumation. T. Warton.

Intermention

In`ter*men"tion (?), v. t. To mention among other things, or casually or incidentally. [Obs.]

Intermesenteric

In`ter*mes`en*ter"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Within the mesentery; as, the intermesenteric, or aortic, plexus.

Intermetacarpal

In`ter*me`ta*car"pal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the metacarpal bones.

Intermetatarsal

In`ter*me`ta*tar"sal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the metatarsal bones.

Intermezzo

In`ter*mez"zo (?), n. [It. See Intermede.] (Mus.) An interlude; an intermede. See Intermede.

Intermicate

In`ter*mi"cate (?), v. i. [L. intermicare; inter- between + micare to glitter.] To flash or shine between or among. [R.] Blount.

Intermication

In`ter*mi*ca"tion (?), n. A shining between or among. [R.] Smart.

Intermigration

In`ter*mi*gra"tion (?), n. Reciprocal migration; interchange of dwelling place by migration. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

Interminable

In*ter"mi*na*ble (?), a. [L. interminabilis: cf. F. interminable. See Terminate.] Without termination; admitting no limit; boundless; endless; wearisomely protracted; as, interminable space or duration; interminable sufferings.
That wild interminable waste of waves. Grainger.
Syn. -- Boundless; endless; limitless; illimitable; immeasurable; infinite; unbounded; unlimited.

Interminableness

In*ter"mi*na*ble*ness, n. The state of being endless.

Interminably

In*ter"mi*na*bly, adv. Without end or limit.

Interminate

In*ter"mi*nate, a. [L. interminatus; in- not + terminatus, p. p. of terminate.] Endless; as, interminate sleep. Chapman.

Interminate

In*ter"mi*nate (?), v. t. [L. interminatus, p. p. of interminari; inter between + minari to threaten.] To menace; to threaten. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Interminated

In*ter"mi*na`ted (?), a. Interminable; interminate; endless; unending. [Obs.] Akenside.

Intermination

In*ter`mi*na"tion (?), n. [L. interminatio.] A menace or threat. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Intermine

In`ter*mine" (?), v. t. To intersect or penetrate with mines. [Obs.] Drayton.

Intermingle

In`ter*min"gle (?), v. t. To mingle or mix together; to intermix. Hooker.

Intermingle

In`ter*min"gle, v. i. To be mixed or incorporated.
Party and faction will intermingle. Swift.

Intermise

In"ter*mise (?), n. [Cf. F. entremise. See Intermission.] Interference; interposition. [Obs.] Bacon.

Intermission

In`ter*mis"sion (?), n. [L. intermissio: cf. F. intermission. See Intermit.]

1. The act or the state of intermitting; the state of being neglected or disused; disuse; discontinuance. B. Jonson.

2. Cessation for a time; an intervening period of time; an interval; a temporary pause; as, to labor without intermission; an intermission of ten minutes.

Rest or intermission none I find. Milton.

3. (Med.) The temporary cessation or subsidence of a fever; the space of time between the paroxysms of a disease. Intermission is an entire cessation, as distinguished from remission, or abatement of fever.

4. Intervention; interposition. [Obs.] Heylin. Syn. -- Cessation; interruption; interval; pause; stop; rest; suspension. See Cessation.

Intermissive

In`ter*mis"sive (?), a. Having temporary cessations; not continual; intermittent. "Intermissive miseries." Shak. "Intermissive wars." Howell.

Intermit

In`ter*mit" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intermitted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intermitting.] [L. intermittere; inter between + mittere, missum, to send: cf. OE. entremeten to busy (one's self) with, F. s'entremettre. See Missile.] To cause to cease for a time, or at intervals; to interrupt; to suspend.
Pray to the gods to intermit the plague. Shak.

Intermit

In`ter*mit", v. i. To cease for a time or at intervals; to moderate; to be intermittent, as a fever. Pope.

Intermittence

In`ter*mit"tence (?), n. [Cf. F. intermittence.] Act or state of intermitting; intermission. Tyndall.

Intermittent

In`ter*mit"tent (?), a. [L. intermittens, -entis, p. pr. of intermittere: cf. F. intermittent.] Coming and going at intervals; alternating; recurrent; periodic; as, an intermittent fever. Boyle. Intermittent fever (Med.), a disease with fever which recurs at certain intervals; -- applied particularly to fever and ague. See Fever. -- Intermittent gearing (Mach.), gearing which receives, or produces, intermittent motion. -- Intermittent springs, springs which flow at intervals, not apparently dependent upon rain or drought. They probably owe their intermittent action to their being connected with natural reservoirs in hills or mountains by passages having the form of a siphon, the water beginning to flow when it has accumulated so as to fill the upper part of the siphon, and ceasing when, by running through it, it has fallen below the orifice of the upper part of the siphon in the reservoir.

Intermittent

In`ter*mit"tent, n. (Med.) An intermittent fever or disease. Dunglison.

Intermittently

In`ter*mit"tent*ly, adv. With intermissions; in an intermittent manner; intermittingly.

Intermittingly

In`ter*mit"ting*ly (?), adv. With intermissions; at intervals. W. Montagu.

Intermix

In`ter*mix" (?), v. t. To mix together; to intermingle.
In yonder spring of roses, intermixed With myrtle, find what to redress till noon. Milton.

Intermix

In`ter*mix", v. i. To be mixed together; to be intermingled.

Intermixedly

In`ter*mix"ed*ly (?), adv. In a mixed manner.

Intermixture

In`ter*mix"ture (?; 135), n.

1. A mass formed by mixture; a mass of ingredients mixed. Boyle.

2. Admixture; an additional ingredient.

In this height of impiety there wanted not an intermixture of levity and folly. Bacon.

Intermobility

In`ter*mo*bil"i*ty (?), n. Capacity of things to move among each other; as, the intermobility of fluid particles.

Intermodillion

In`ter*mo*dil"lion (?), n. (Arch.) The space between two modillions.

Intermontane

In`ter*mon"tane (?), a. [Pref. inter- + L. montanus belonging to a mountain, fr. mons, montis, mountain.] Between mountains; as, intermontane soil.

Intermundane

In`ter*mun"dane (?), a. Being, between worlds or orbs. [R.] "Intermundane spaces." Locke.

Intermundian

In`ter*mun"di*an (?), a. Intermundane. [Obs.]

Intermural

In`ter*mu"ral (?), a. Lying between walls; inclosed by walls.

Intermure

In`ter*mure" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intermured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intermuring.] [Pref. inter- + L. murus wall.] To wall in; to inclose. [Obs.] Ford.

Intermuscular

In`ter*mus"cu*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between muscles; as, intermuscular septa.

Intermutation

In`ter*mu*ta"tion (?), n. Interchange; mutual or reciprocal change.

Intermutual

In`ter*mu"tu*al (?; 135), a. Mutual. [Obs.] Daniel. -- In`ter*mu"tu*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]

Intern

In*tern" (?), a. [L. internus: cf. F. interne. See Internal.] Internal. [Obs.] Howell.

Intern

In*tern", v. t. [F. interne. See Intern, a.] To put for safe keeping in the interior of a place or country; to confine to one locality; as, to intern troops which have fled for refuge to a neutral country.

Internal

In*tern"al (?), a. [L. internus; akin to interior. See Interior.]

1. Inward; interior; being within any limit or surface; inclosed; -- opposed to external; as, the internal parts of a body, or of the earth.

2. Derived from, or dependent on, the thing itself; inherent; as, the internal evidence of the divine origin of the Scriptures.

3. Pertaining to its own affairs or interests; especially, (said of a country) domestic, as opposed to foreign; as, internal trade; internal troubles or war.

4. Pertaining to the inner being or the heart; spiritual.

With our Savior, internal purity is everything. Paley.

5. Intrinsic; inherent; real. [R.]

The internal rectitude of our actions in the sight of God. Rogers.

Page 779

6. (Anat.) Lying toward the mesial plane; mesial. Internal angle (Geom.), an interior angle. See under Interior. -- Internal gear (Mach.), a gear in which the teeth project inward from the rim instead of outward. Syn. -- Inner; interior; inward; inland; inside.

Internality

In`ter*nal"i*ty (?), n. The state of being internal or within; interiority.

Internally

In*ter"nal*ly (?), adv.

1. Inwardly; within the enveloping surface, or the boundary of a thing; within the body; beneath the surface.

2. Hence: Mentally; spiritually. Jer. Taylor.

Internasal

In`ter*na"sal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the nasal cavities; as, the internasal cartilage.

International

In`ter*na"tion*al (?), a. [Pref. inter- + national: cf. F. international.]

1. Between or among nations; pertaining to the intercourse of nations; participated in by two or more nations; common to, or affecting, two or more nations.

2. Of or concerning the association called the International. International code (Naut.), a common system of signaling adopted by nearly all maritime nations, whereby communication may be had between vessels at sea. -- International copyright. See under Copyright. -- International law, the rules regulating the mutual intercourse of nations. International law is mainly the product of the conditions from time to time of international intercourse, being drawn from diplomatic discussion, textbooks, proof of usage, and from recitals in treaties. It is called public when treating of the relations of sovereign powers, and private when of the relations of persons of different nationalities. International law is now, by the better opinion, part of the common law of the land. Cf. Conflict of laws, under Conflict. Wharton.

International

In`ter*na"tion*al, n. [Cf. F. internationale.]

1. The International; an abbreviated from of the title of the International Workingmen's Association, the name of an association, formed in London in 1864, which has for object the promotion of the interests of the industrial classes of all nations.

2. A member of the International Association.

Internationalism

In`ter*na"tion*al*ism (?), n.

1. The state or principles of international interests and intercourse.

2. The doctrines or organization of the International.

Internationalist

In`ter*na"tion*al*ist, n.

1. One who is versed in the principles of international law.

2. A member of the International; one who believes in, or advocates the doctrines of, the International.

Internationalize

In`ter*na"tion*al*ize (?), v. t. To make international; to cause to affect the mutual relations of two or more nations; as, to internationalize a principle of law, or a philanthropic enterprise.

Internationally

In`ter*na"tion*al*ly, adv. In an international manner; from an international point of view.

Interne

In*terne" (?), n. [See Intern, a.] That which is within; the interior. [Poetic] Mrs. Browning.

Interneciary, Internecinal

In`ter*ne"cia*ry (?), In`ter*ne"ci*nal (?), a. Internecine.

Internecine

In`ter*ne"cine (?), a. [L. internecinus deadly, murderous, fr. internecare to kill, to slaughter; inter between + necare to kill; akin to Gr. Necromancy.] Involving, or accompanied by, mutual slaughter; mutually destructive.
Internecine quarrels, horrible tumults, stain the streets with blood. Motley.

Internecion

In`ter*ne"cion (?), n. [L. internecio.] Mutual slaughter or destruction; massacre. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Internecive

In`ter*ne"cive (?), a. [L. internecivus.] Internecine. [R.] Sydney Smith.

Internection

In`ter*nec"tion (?), n. [L. internectere to bind together; inter between + nectere to fasten.] Intimate connection. [Obs.] W. Montagu.

Interneural

In`ter*neu"ral (?), a. (Anat.) Between the neural arches or neural spines. -- n. An interneural spine or cartilage.

Internity

In*ter"ni*ty (?), n. State of being within; interiority. [R.] H. Brooke.

Internment

In*tern"ment (?), n. [F. internement. See Intern.] Confinement within narrow limits, -- as of foreign troops, to the interior of a country.

Internodal

In`ter*no"dal (?), a. Of or pertaining to internodes; intervening between nodes or joints.

Internode

In"ter*node` (?), n. [L. internodium; inter between + nodus knot.]

1. (Bot.) The space between two nodes or points of the stem from which the leaves properly arise. H. Spenser.

2. (Anat.) A part between two joints; a segment; specifically, one of the phalanges.

Internodial

In`ter*no"di*al (?), a. Internodal. [R.]

Internuncial

In`ter*nun"cial (?), a. [See Internuncio.]

1. Of or pertaining to an internuncio.

2. (Physiol.) Communicating or transmitting impressions between different parts of the body; -- said of the nervous system. Carpenter.

Internunciess

In`ter*nun"ciess (?), n. A female messenger. [R.]

Internuncio

In`ter*nun"ci*o (?), n.; pl. Internuncios (#). [L. internuntius; inter between + nuntius, nuncius, messenger: cf. It. internunzio. See Nuncio.]

1. A messenger between two parties. Johnson.

2. A representative, or charg\'82 d'affaires, of the pope at a foreign court or seat of government, ranking next below a nuncio. &hand; This title was formerly given also to the Austrian envoy at Constantinople.

Internuncioship

In`ter*nun"ci*o*ship, n. The office or function of an internuncio. Richardson.

Internuncius

In`ter*nun"ci*us (?), n. [L.] Internuncio.

Interoceanic

In`ter*o`ce*an"ic (?), a. Between oceans; connecting oceans; as, interoceanic communication; an interoceanic canal.

Interocular

In`ter*oc"u*lar (?), a. Between, or within, the eyes; as, the interocular distance; situated between the eyes, as the antenn\'91 of some insects.

Interpercular

In`ter*per"cu*lar (?), a. Of or pertaining to the interoperculum. -- n. The interopercular bone.

Interoperculum

In`ter*o*per"cu*lum (?), n.; pl. -la (-l&adot;). (Anat.) The postero-inferior opercular bone, in fishes.

Interorbital

In`ter*or"bit*al (?), a. (Anat.) Between the orbits; as, the interorbital septum.

Interosculant

In`ter*os"cu*lant (?), a.

1. Mutually touching or intersecting; as, interosculant circles.

2. (Biol.) Uniting two groups; -- said of certain genera which connect family groups, or of species that connect genera. See Osculant.

Interosculate

In`ter*os"cu*late (?), v. i. & t.

1. To kiss together to touch. See Osculate.

2. (Biol.) To have the character of, or to lie between, two distinct groups.

Interosseal, Interosseous

In`ter*os"se*al (?), In`ter*os"se*ous (?), a. [Pref. inter- + osseous: cf. F. interosseux.] (Anat.) Situated between bones; as, an interosseous ligament.

Interpale

In`ter*pale" (?), v. t.

1. To place pales between or among; to separate by pales.

2. To interweave or interlace. [R.] Brende.

Interparietal

In`ter*pa*ri"e*tal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the parietal bones or cartilages; as, the interparietal suture. -- n. The interparietal bone or cartilage

Interpause

In`ter*pause` (?), n. An intermission. [R.]

Interpeal

In`ter*peal" (?), v. t. To interpel. [Obs.]

Interpedencular

In`ter*pe*den"cu*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between peduncles; esp., between the peduncles, or crura, of the cerebrum.

Interpel

In`ter*pel" (?), v. t. [L. interpellare, interpellatum; inter between + pellare (in comp.), akin to pellere to drive: cf. F. interpeller. Cf. Interpellate.] To interrupt, break in upon, or intercede with. [Obs.]
I am interpelled by many businesses. Howell.

Interpellant

In`ter*pel"lant (?), a. [L. interpellans, p. pr. See Interpel.] Interpelling; interrupting. -- n. One who, or that which, interpels.

Interpellate

In`ter*pel"late (?), v. t. [See Interpel.] To question imperatively, as a minister, or other executive officer, in explanation of his conduct; -- generally on the part of a legislative body.

Interpellation

In`ter*pel*la"tion (?), n. [L. interpellatio: cf. F. interpellation.]

1. The act of interpelling or interrupting; interruption. "Continual interpellations." Bp. Hall.

2. The act of interposing or interceding; intercession.

Accepted by his interpellation and intercession. Jer. Taylor.

3. An act of interpellating, or of demanding of an officer an explanation of his action; imperative or peremptory questioning; a point raised in a debate.

4. A official summons or citation. Ayliffe.

Interpenetrate

In`ter*pen"e*trate (?), v. t. To penetrate between or within; to penetrate mutually.
It interpenetrates my granite mass. Shelley.

Interpenetrate

In`ter*pen"e*trate, v. i. To penetrate each the other; to penetrate between bodies or their parts. Interpenetrating molding (Arch.), in late Gothic architecture, a decoration by means of moldings which seem to pass through solid uprights, transoms, or other members; often, two sets of architectural members penetrating one another, in appearance, as if both had been plastic when they were put together.

Interpenetration

In`ter*pen`e*tra"tion (?), n. The act of penetrating between or within other substances; mutual penetration. Milman.

Interpenetrative

In`ter*pen"e*tra*tive (?), a. Penetrating among or between other substances; penetrating each the other; mutually penetrative.

Interpetalary

In`ter*pet"al*a*ry (?), a. [Pref. inter- + petal.] (Bot.) Between the petals of a flower.

Interpetiolar

In`ter*pet"i*o*lar (?), a. (Bot.) Being between petioles. Cf. Intrapetiolar.

Interphalangeal

In`ter*pha*lan"ge*al (?), a. (Anat.) Between phalanges; as, interphalangeal articulations.

Interpilaster

In`ter*pi*las"ter (?), n. (Arch.) The interval or space between two pilasters. Elmes.

Interplace

In`ter*place" (?), v. t. To place between or among; as, to interplace a name. [R.] Daniel.

Interplanetary

In`ter*plan"et*a*ry (?), a. Between planets; as, interplanetary spaces. Boyle.

Interplay

In`ter*play` (?), n. Mutual action or influence; interaction; as, the interplay of affection.

Interplead

In`ter*plead" (?), v. i. (Law) To plead against each other, or go to trial between themselves, as the claimants in an in an interpleader. See Interpleader. [Written also enterplead.]

Interpleader

In`ter*plead"er (?), n.

1. One who interpleads.

2. (Law) A proceeding devised to enable a person, of whom the same debt, duty, or thing is claimed adversely by two or more parties, to compel them to litigate the right or title between themselves, and thereby to relieve himself from the suits which they might otherwise bring against him.

Interpledge

In`ter*pledge" (?), v. t. To pledge mutually. [R.]

Interpoint

In`ter*point" (?), v. t. To point; to mark with stops or pauses; to punctuate. [R.]
Her sighs should interpoint her words. Daniel.

Interpolable

In*ter"po*la*ble (?), a. That may be interpolated; suitable to be interpolated.
A most interpolable clause of one sentence. De Morgan.

Interpolate

In*ter"po*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interpolated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interpolating.] [L. interpolatus, p. p. of interpolare to form anew, to interpolate, fr. interpolus, interpolis, falsified, vamped up, polished up; inter between + polire to polish. See Polish, v. t.]

1. To renew; to carry on with intermission. [Obs.]

Motion . . . partly continued and unintermitted, . . . partly interpolated and interrupted. Sir M. Hale.

2. To alter or corrupt by the insertion of new or foreign matter; especially, to change, as a book or text, by the insertion of matter that is new, or foreign to the purpose of the author.

How strangely Ignatius is mangled and interpolated, you may see by the vast difference of all copies and editions. Bp. Barlow.
The Athenians were put in possession of Salamis by another law, which was cited by Solon, or, as some think, interpolated by him for that purpose. Pope.

3. (Math.) To fill up intermediate terms of, as of a series, according to the law of the series; to introduce, as a number or quantity, in a partial series, according to the law of that part of the series.

Interpolated

In*ter"po*la`ted (?), a.

1. Inserted in, or added to, the original; introduced; foisted in; changed by the insertion of new or spurious matter.

2. (Math.) (a) Provided with necessary interpolations; as, an interpolated table. (b) Introduced or determined by interpolation; as, interpolated quantities or numbers.

Interpolation

In*ter`po*la"tion (?), n. [L. interpolatio an alteration made here and there: cf. F. interpolation.]

1. The act of introducing or inserting anything, especially that which is spurious or foreign.

2. That which is introduced or inserted, especially something foreign or spurious.

Bentley wrote a letter . . . . upon the scriptural glosses in our present copies of Hesychius, which he considered interpolations from a later hand. De Quincey.

3. (Math.) The method or operation of finding from a few given terms of a series, as of numbers or observations, other intermediate terms in conformity with the law of the series.

Interpolator

In*ter"po*la`tor (?), n. [L., a corrupter: of. F. interpolateur.] One who interpolates; esp., one who inserts foreign or spurious matter in genuine writings.

Interpone

In`ter*pone" (?), v. t. [L. interponere; inter between + ponere to place. See Position.] To interpose; to insert or place between. [R.] Cudworth.

Interponent

In`ter*po"nent (?), n. One who, or that which, interposes; an interloper, an opponent. [R.] Heywood.

Interposal

In`ter*pos"al (?), n. [From Interpose.] The act of interposing; interposition; intervention.

Interpose

In`ter*pose" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interposing.] [F. interposer. See Inter-, and Pose, v. t.]

1. To place between; as, to interpose a screen between the eye and the light.

Mountains interposed Make enemies of nations. Cowper.

2. To thrust; to intrude; to between, either for aid or for troubling.

What watchful cares do interpose themselves Betwixt your eyes and night? Shak.
The common Father of mankind seasonably interposed his hand, and rescues miserable man. Woodward.

3. To introduce or inject between the parts of a conversation or argument. Milton.

Interpose

In`ter*pose", v. i.

1. To be or come between.

Long hid by interposing hill or wood. Cowper.

2. To step in between parties at variance; to mediate; as, the prince interposed and made peace. Pope.

3. To utter a sentiment by way of interruption. Boyle. Syn. -- To intervene; intercede; mediate; interfere; intermeddle. -- To Interpose, Intermeddle, Interfere. A man may often interpose with propriety in the concerns of others; he can never intermeddle without being impertinent or officious; nor can be interfere without being liable to the same charge, unless he has rights which are interfered with. "In our practical use, interference is something offensive. It is the pushing in of himself between two parties on the part of a third who was not asked, and is not thanked for his pains, and who, as the feeling of the word implies, had no business there; while interposition is employed to express the friendly, peacemaking mediation of one whom the act well became, and who, even if he was not specially invited thereunto, is still thanked for what he has done." Trench.

Interpose

In"ter*pose (?), n. Interposition. [Obs.]

Interposer

In`ter*pos"er (?), n. One who, or that which, interposes or intervenes; an obstacle or interruption; a mediator or agent between parties. Shak.

Interposit

In`ter*pos"it (?), n. [From L. interpositus, p. p. of interponere. See Interposition.] An intermediate depot or station between one commercial city or country and another. Mitford.

Interposition

In`ter*po*si"tion (?; 277), n. [L. interpositio a putting between, insertion, fr. interponere, interpositum: cf. F. interposition. See Interpone, Position.]

1. The act of interposing, or the state of being interposed; a being, placing, or coming between; mediation.

2. The thing interposed.

Interposure

In`ter*po"sure (?), n. Interposition. [Obs.]

Interpret

In*ter"pret (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interpreted; p. pr. & vb. n. Interpreting.] [F. interpr\'88ter, L. interpretari, p. p. interpretatus, fr. interpre interpeter, agent, negotiator; inter between + (prob.) the root of pretium price. See Price.]

1. To explain or tell the meaning of; to expound; to translate orally into intelligible or familiar language or terms; to decipher; to define; -- applied esp. to language, but also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries, etc.; as, to interpret the Hebrew language to an Englishman; to interpret an Indian speech.

Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us. Matt. i. 23.
And Pharaoh told them his dreams; but there was none that could interpret them unto Pharaoh. Gen. xli. 8.

2. To apprehend and represent by means of art; to show by illustrative representation; as, an actor interprets the character of Hamlet; a musician interprets a sonata; an artist interprets a landscape. Syn. -- To translate; explain; solve; render; expound; elucidate; decipher; unfold; unravel.

Interpret

In*ter"pret, v. i. To act as an interpreter. Shak.

Interpretable

In*ter"pret*a*ble (?), a. [L. interpretabilis: cf. F. interpr\'88table.] Admitting of interpretation; capable of being interpreted or explained.

Interpretament

In*ter"pre*ta*ment (?), n. [L. interpretamentum.] Interpretation. [Obs.] Milton.
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Page 780

Interpretation

In*ter`pre*ta"tion, n. [L. interpretatio: cf. F. interpr\'82tation.]

1. The act of interpreting; explanation of what is obscure; translation; version; construction; as, the interpretation of a foreign language, of a dream, or of an enigma.

Look how we can, or sad or merrily, Interpretation will misquote our looks. Shak.

2. The sense given by an interpreter; exposition or explanation given; meaning; as, commentators give various interpretations of the same passage of Scripture.

3. The power or explaining. [R.] Bacon.

4. (Fine Arts) An artist's way of expressing his thought or embodying his conception of nature.

5. (Math.) The act or process of applying general principles or formul\'91 to the explanation of the results obtained in special cases. Syn. -- Explanation; solution; translation; version; sense; exposition; rendering; definition.

Interpretative

In*ter"pre*ta*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. interpr\'82tatif.]

1. Designed or fitted to interpret; explanatory. "Interpretative lexicography." Johnson.

2. According to interpretation; constructive.

An interpretative siding with heresies. Hammond.

Interpretatively

In*ter"pre*ta*tive*ly, adv. By interpretation. Ray.

Interpreter

In*ter"pret*er (?), n. [Cf. OF. entrepreteur, L. interpretator.] One who or that which interprets, explains, or expounds; a translator; especially, a person who translates orally between two parties.
We think most men's actions to be the interpreters of their thoughts. Locke.

Interpretive

In*ter"pre*tive (?), a. Interpretative. [R.]

Interpubic

In`ter*pu"bic (?), a. (Anat.) Between the pubic bones or cartilages; as, the interpubic disk.

Interpunction

In`ter*punc"tion (?), n. [L. interpunctio, fr. interpungere, interppunctum, to interpoint. See Inter-, and Point.] The insertion of points between word or sentences; punctuation.

Interradial

In`ter*ra"di*al (?), a. Between the radii, or rays; -- in zo\'94logy, said of certain parts of radiate animals; as, the interradial plates of a starfish.

Interramal

In`ter*ra"mal (?), a. [Pref. inter- + L. ramus a branch.] (Anat.) Between rami or branches; esp., between the mandibles, or rami of the lower jaw; intermandibular.

Interreceive

In`ter*re*ceive" (?), v. t. To receive between or within.

Interregency

In`ter*re"gen*cy (?), n. An interregnum. [Obs.] Blount.

Interregent

In`ter*re"gent (?), n. A person who discharges the royal functions during an interregnum. Holland.

Interregnum

In`ter*reg"num (?), n.; pl. Interregnums (#). [L., fr. inter between + regnum dominion, reign. See Reign, and cf. Interreign.]

1. The time during which a throne is vacant between the death or abdication of a sovereign and the accession of his successor.

2. Any period during which, for any cause, the executive branch of a government is suspended or interrupted.

Interreign

In"ter*reign` (?), n. [Cf. F. interr\'8agne.] An interregnum. [Obs.] Bacon.

Interrelated

In`ter*re*lat"ed (?), a. Having a mutual or reciprocal relation or parallelism; correlative.

Interrelation

In`ter*re*la"tion (?), n. Mutual or reciprocal relation; correlation.

Interrenal

In`ter*re"nal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the kidneys; as, the interrenal body, an organ found in many fishes. -- n. The interrenal body.

Interrepellent

In`ter*re*pel"lent (?), a. Mutually repellent. De Quincey.

Interrer

In*ter"rer (?), n. One who inters.

Interrex

In"ter*rex` (?), n.; pl. E. Interrexes (#), L. Interreges (#). [L., fr. inter between + rex king.] An interregent, or a regent.

Interrogate

In*ter"ro*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interrogating (?).] [L. interrogatus, p. p. of interrogare to ask; inter between + rogare to ask. See Rogation.] To question formally; to question; to examine by asking questions; as, to interrogate a witness.
Wilt thou, uncalled, interrogate, Talker! the unreplying Fate? Emerson.
Syn. -- To question; ask. See Question.

Interrogate

In*ter"ro*gate, v. i. To ask questions. Bacon.

Interrogate

In*ter"ro*gate (?), n. An interrogation; a question. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Interrogatee

In*ter`ro*ga*tee" (?), n. One who is interrogated.

Interrogation

In*ter`ro*ga"tion (?), n. [L. interrogatio: cf. F. interrogation.]

1. The act of interrogating or questioning; examination by questions; inquiry.

2. A question put; an inquiry.

3. A point, mark, or sign, thus [?], indicating that the sentence with which it is connected is a question. It is used to express doubt, or to mark a query. Called also interrogation point.<-- usu. question mark. --> &hand; In works printed in the Spanish language this mark is not only placed at the end of an interrogative sentence, but is also placed, inverted [as thus (&iques;)], at the beginning.

Interrogative

In`ter*rog"a*tive (, a. [L. interrogativus: cf. F. interrogatif.] Denoting a question; expressed in the form of a question; as, an interrogative sentence; an interrogative pronoun.

Interrogative

In`ter*rog"a*tive, n. (Gram.) A word used in asking questions; as, who? which? why?

Interrogatively

In`ter*rog"a*tive*ly, adv. In the form of, or by means of, a question; in an interrogative manner.

Interrogator

In*ter"ro*ga`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. interrogateur.] One who asks questions; a questioner.

Interrogatory

In`ter*rog"a*to*ry (?), n.; pl. Interrogatories (#). [Cf. F. interrogatoire.] A formal question or inquiry; esp. (Law), a question asked in writing. Macaulay.

Interrogatory

In`ter*rog"a*to*ry (?), a. [L. interrogatorius.] Containing, expressing, or implying a question; as, an interrogatory sentence.

Interrupt

In`ter*rupt" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interrupted; p. pr. & vb. n. Interrupting.] [L. interruptus, p. p. of interrumpere to interrupt; inter between + rumpere to break. See Rupture.]

1. To break into, or between; to stop, or hinder by breaking in upon the course or progress of; to interfere with the current or motion of; to cause a temporary cessation of; as, to interrupt the remarks speaking.

Do not interrupt me in my course. Shak.

2. To divide; to separate; to break the monotony of; as, the evenness of the road was not interrupted by a single hill.

Interrupt

In`ter*rupt", p. a. [L. interruptus, p. p.] Broken; interrupted. [Obs.] Milton.

Interrupted

In`ter*rupt"ed, a.

1. Broken; intermitted; suddenly stopped.

2. (Bot.) Irregular; -- said of any arrangement whose symmetry is destroyed by local causes, as when leaflets are interposed among the leaves in a pinnate leaf.

Interruptedly

In`ter*rupt"ed*ly, adv. With breaks or interruptions; discontinuously. Interruptedly pinnate (Bot.), pinnate with small leaflets intermixed with large ones. Gray.

Interrupter

In`ter*rupt"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, interrupts.

2. (Elec.) A device for opening and closing an electrical circuit; a vibrating spring or tuning fork, arranged to make and break a circuit at rapidly recurring intervals, by the action of the current itself.

Interruption

In`ter*rup"tion (?), n. [L. interruptio: cf. F. interruption.]

1. The act of interrupting, or breaking in upon.

2. The state of being interrupted; a breach or break, caused by the abrupt intervention of something foreign; intervention; interposition. Sir M. Hale.

Lest the interruption of time cause you to lose the idea of one part. Dryden.

3. Obstruction caused by breaking in upon course, current, progress, or motion; stop; hindrance; as, the author has met with many interruptions in the execution of his work; the speaker or the argument proceeds without interruption.

4. Temporary cessation; intermission; suspension.

Interruptive

In`ter*rupt"ive (?), a. Tending to interrupt; interrupting. "Interruptive forces." H. Bushnell. -- In`ter*rupt"ive*ly, adv.

Interscapular

In`ter*scap"u*lar (?), a.

1. (Anat.) Between the scapul\'91 or shoulder blades.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the upper back, or the part between the shoulders; as, the interscapular feathers.

Interscapulars

In`ter*scap"u*lars (?), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) The interscapular feathers of a bird.

Interscendent

In`ter*scend"ent (?), a. [See Inter-, and Ascend.] (Math.) Having exponents which are radical quantities; -- said of certain powers; as, x&root;2, or x&root;a. Interscedent series, a series whose terms are interscendent quantities. Hutton.

Interscind

In`ter*scind" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interscinded; p. pr. & vb. n. Interscinding.] [L. interscindere; inter between + scindere to cut.] To cut off. [R.]

Interscribe

In`ter*scribe" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interscribed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interscribing.] [L. interscribere; inter between + scribere to write.] To write between. [R.]

Intersecant

In`ter*se"cant (?), a. [L. intersecans, p. pr. of intersecare. See Intersect.] Dividing into parts; crossing; intersecting.

Intersect

In`ter*sect" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intersected; p. pr. & vb. n. Intersecting.] [L. intersectus, p. p. of intersecare to intersect; inter + secare to cut. See Section.] To cut into or between; to cut or cross mutually; to divide into parts; as, any two diameters of a circle intersect each other at the center.
Lands intersected by a narrow frith Abhor each other. Cowper.

Intersect

In`ter*sect" (?), v. i. To cut into one another; to meet and cross each other; as, the point where two lines intersect.

Intersection

In`ter*sec"tion (?), n. [L. intersectio: cf. F. intersection.]

1. The act, state, or place of intersecting.

2. (Geom.) The point or line in which one line or surface cuts another.

Intersectional

In`ter*sec"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or formed by, intersections.

Interseminate

In`ter*sem"i*nate (?), v. t. [L. interseminatus, p. p. of interseminare. See Inter-, and Seminate.] To sow between or among. [R.]

Interseptal

In`ter*sep"tal (?), a. (Biol.) Between septa; as, the interseptal spaces or zones, between the transparent, or septal, zones in striated muscle; the interseptal chambers of a shell, or of a seed vessel.

Intersert

In`ter*sert" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interserted; p. pr. & vb. n. Interserting.] [L. intersertus, p. p. of interserere to intersert; inter between + serere to join, weave.] To put in between other things; to insert. [Obs.] Brerewood.

Interserttion

In`ter*sert"tion (?), n. The act of interserting, or that which is interserted. [Obs.] Hammond.

Intersesamoid

In`ter*ses"a*moid (?), a. (Anat.) Between sesamoid bones; as, intersesamoid ligaments.

Interset

In`ter*set" (?), v. t. To set between or among. [R.]

Intershock

In`ter*shock (?), v. t. To shock mutually. [R.]

Intersidereal

In`ter*si*de"re*al (?), a. Between or among constellations or stars; interstellar.

Intersocial

In`ter*so"cial (?), a. Pertaining to the mutual intercourse or relations of persons in society; social.

Intersomnious

In`ter*som"ni*ous (?), a. [Pref. inter- + L. somnus sleep.] Between the times of sleeping; in an interval of wakefulness. [R.]

Interspace

In"ter*space` (?), n. [L. interspatium. See Inter-, and Space.] Intervening space. Bp. Hacket.

Interspeech

In"ter*speech` (?), n. A speech interposed between others. [R.] Blount.

Intersperse

In`ter*sperse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interspersed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interspersing.] [L. interspersus interspersed; inter between, among + spargere to scatter. See Sparse.]

1. To scatter or set here and there among other things; to insert at intervals; as, to intersperse pictures in a book.

There, interspersed in lawns and op'ning glades, Thin trees arise that shun each other's shades. Pope.

2. To diversify or adorn with things set or scattered at intervals; to place something at intervals in or among; as, to intersperse a book with pictures.

Which space is interspersed with small islands and rock. Cook.

Interspersion

In`ter*sper"sion (?), n. The act of interspersing, or the state of being interspersed.

Interspinal, Interspinous

In`ter*spi"nal (?), In`ter*spi"nous (?), a. (Anat.) Between spines; esp., between the spinous processes of the vertebral column.

Interspiration

In`ter*spi*ra"tion (?), n. [L. interspiratio. See Inter-, and Spirit.] Spiritual inspiration at separate times, or at intervals. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Interstapedial

In`ter*sta*pe"di*al (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, between the stapes and the mediostapedial. -- n. The interstapedial part of the columella.

Interstate

In"ter*state` (?), a. Pertaining to the mutual relations of States; existing between, or including, different States; as, interstate commerce. Story. <-- interstate commerce n. commerce that involves transportation of articles of commerce across state lines [U.S.]. interstate commerce commission. The governmental commision charged with making and enforcing regulations concerning interstate commerce. -->

Interstellar

In`ter*stel"lar (?), a. Between or among the stars; as, interstellar space. Bacon.

Interstellary

In`ter*stel"la*ry (?), a. Interstellar.

Intersternal

In`ter*ster"nal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Between the sternal; -- said of certain membranes or parts of insects and crustaceans.

Interstice

In*ter"stice (?; 277), n.; pl. Interstices (#). [L. interstitium a pause, interval; inter between + sistere to set, fr. stare to stand: cf. F. interstice. See Stand.]

1. That which intervenes between one thing and another; especially, a space between things closely set, or between the parts which compose a body; a narrow chink; a crack; a crevice; a hole; an interval; as, the interstices of a wall.

2. An interval of time; specifically (R. C. Ch.), in the plural, the intervals which the canon law requires between the reception of the various degrees of orders.

Nonobservance of the interstices . . . is a sin. Addis & Arnold.

Intersticed

In*ter"sticed (?), a. Provided with interstices; having interstices between; situated at intervals.

Interstinctive

In`ter*stinc"tive (?), a. [L. interstinctus, p. p. of interstinguere to separate; inter + stinguere to extinguish.] Distinguishing. [Obs.] Wallis.

Interstitial

In`ter*sti"tial (?), a. Of or pertaining to interstices; intermediate; within the tissues; as, interstitial cavities or spaces in the tissues of animals or plants.

Interstition

In`ter*sti"tion (?), n. An intervening period of time; interval. [Obs.] Gower.

Interstratification

In`ter*strat`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. (Geol.) Stratification among or between other layers or strata; also, that which is interstratified.

Interstratified

In`ter*strat"i*fied (?), a. (Geol.) Stratified among or between other bodies; as, interstratified rocks.

Interstratify

In`ter*strat"i*fy (?), v. t. (Geol.) To put or insert between other strata.

Intertalk

In`ter*talk" (?), v. i. To converse. [Obs.] Carew.

Intertangle

In`ter*tan"gle (?), v. t. To entangle; to intertwine. "Moss and intertangled vines." Longfellow.

Intertarsal

In`ter*tar"sal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the tarsal bones; as, the intertarsal articulations.

Intertex

In`ter*tex" (?), v. t. [L. intertexere; inter between + texere to weave.] To intertwine; to weave or bind together. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Intertexture

In`ter*tex"ture (?; 135), n. The act of interweaving, or the state of being interwoven; that which is interwoven. "Knit in nice intertexture." Coleridge.
Skirted thick with intertexture firm Of thorny boughs. Cowper.

Interthoracic

In`ter*tho*rac"ic (?), a. In the thorax.

Intertie

In"ter*tie` (?), n. (Arch.) In any framed work, a horizontal tie other than sill and plate or other principal ties, securing uprights to one another.

Intertissued

In`ter*tis"sued (?), a. Interwoven. [R.] Shak.

Intertraffic

In`ter*traf"fic (?), n. Mutual trade of traffic.

Intertranspicuous

In`ter*tran*spic"u*ous (?), a. Transpicuous within or between. [R.] Shelley.

Intertransverse

In`ter*trans*verse" (?), a. Between the transverse processes of the vertebr\'91.

Intertrigo

In`ter*tri"go (?), n. [L., fr. inter between + terere, tritum, to rub.] (Med.) A rubbing or chafing of the skin; especially, an abrasion or excoriation of the skin between folds, as in fat or neglected children.

Intertrochanteric

In`ter*tro`chan*ter"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Between the trochanters of the femur.

Intertropical

In`ter*trop"ic*al (?), a. Situated between or within the tropics. J. Morse.

Intertubular

In`ter*tu"bu*lar (?), a. Between tubes or tubules; as, intertubular cells; intertubular substance.

Intertwine

In`ter*twine" (?), v. t. To unite by twining one with another; to entangle; to interlace. Milton.

Intertwine

In`ter*twine", v. i. To be twined or twisted together; to become mutually involved or enfolded.

Intertwine

In`ter*twine" (?), n. The act intertwining, or the state of being intertwined. Coleridge.

Intertwiningly

In`ter*twin"ing*ly (?), adv. By intertwining or being intertwined.

Intertwist

In`ter*twist" (?), v. t. To twist together one with another; to intertwine.

Intertwistingly

In`ter*twist"ing*ly, adv. By intertwisting, or being intertwisted.

Interungular, Interungulate

In`ter*un"gu*lar (?), In`ter*un"gu*late (?), a. (Anat.) Between ungul\'91; as, interungular glands.
Page 781

Interval

In"ter*val (?), n. [L. intervallum; inter between + vallum a wall: cf. F. intervalle. See Wall.]

1. A space between things; a void space intervening between any two objects; as, an interval between two houses or hills.

'Twixt host and host but narrow space was left, A dreadful interval. Milton.

2. Space of time between any two points or events; as, the interval between the death of Charles I. of England, and the accession of Charles II.

3. A brief space of time between the recurrence of similar conditions or states; as, the interval between paroxysms of pain; intervals of sanity or delirium.

4. (Mus.) Difference in pitch between any two tones. At intervals, coming or happening with intervals between; now and then. "And Miriam watch'd and dozed at intervals." Tennyson. -- Augmented interval (Mus.), an interval increased by half a step or half a tone.

Interval, Intervale

In"ter*val (?), In"ter*vale (?), n. A tract of low ground between hills, or along the banks of a stream, usually alluvial land, enriched by the overflowings of the river, or by fertilizing deposits of earth from the adjacent hills. Cf. Bottom, n., 7. [Local, U. S.]
The woody intervale just beyond the marshy land. The Century.

Intervallum

In`ter*val"lum (?), n.; pl. Intervallums (#), L. Intervalla (#). [L.] An interval. [R.]
And a' shall laugh without intervallums. Shak.
In one of these intervalla. Chillingworth.

Intervary

In`ter*va"ry (?), v. i. To alter or vary between; to change. [Obs.] Rush.

Interveined

In`ter*veined" (?), a. Intersected, as with veins.

Intervene

In`ter*vene" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Intervened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intervening.] [L. intervenire, interventum, to intervene, to hinder; inter between + venire to come; akin to E. come: cf. F. intervenir. See Come.]

1. To come between, or to be between, persons or things; -- followed by between; as, the Mediterranean intervenes between Europe and Africa.

2. To occur, fall, or come between, points of time, or events; as, an instant intervened between the flash and the report; nothing intervened ( i. e., between the intention and the execution) to prevent the undertaking.

3. To interpose; as, to intervene to settle a quarrel.

4. In a suit to which one has not been made a party, to put forward a defense of one's interest in the subject matter. Abbott.

Intervene

In`ter*vene", v. t. To come between. [R.]
Self-sown woodlands of birch, alder, etc., intervening the different estates. De Quincey.

Intervene

In`ter*vene" (?), n. A coming between; intervention; meeting. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

Intervener

In`ter*ven"er (?), n. One who intervenes; especially (Law), a person who assumes a part in a suit between others.

Intervenience, Interveniency

In`ter*ven"ience (?), In`ter*ven"ien*cy (?), n. Intervention; interposition. [R.]

Intervenient

In`ter*ven"ient (?), a. [L. interveniens, p. pr. of intervenire.] Being or coming between; intercedent; interposed. [Obs.] Bacon.

Intervent

In`ter*vent" (?), v. t. [See Intervene.] To thwart; to obstruct. [Obs.] Chapman.

Intervention

In`ter*ven"tion (?), n. [L. interventio an interposition: cf. F. intervention.]

1. The act of intervening; interposition.

Sound is shut out by the intervention of that lax membrane. Holder.

2. Any interference that may affect the interests of others; especially, of one or more states with the affairs of another; mediation.

Let us decide our quarrels at home, without the intervention, of any foreign power. Sir W. Temple.

3. (Civil Law) The act by which a third person, to protect his own interest, interposes and becomes a party to a suit pending between other parties.

Interventor

In`ter*ven"tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. interventeur.] One who intervenes; a mediator; especially (Eccles. Hist.), a person designated by a church to reconcile parties, and unite them in the choice of officers. Coleman.

Interventricular

In`ter*ven*tric"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between the ventricles; as, the interventricular partition of the heart.

Intervenue

In`ter*ven"ue (?), n. [See Intervene, Avenue.] Interposition. [Obs.] Sir H. Blount.

Intervert

In`ter*vert" (?), v. t. [L. intervertere; inter between + vertere to turn.] To turn to another course or use. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

Intervertebral

In`ter*ver"te*bral (?), a. (Anat.) Between vertebr\'91. -- In`ter*ver"te*bral*ly, adv.

Interview

In"ter*view (?), n. [F. entrevue, fr. entrevoir to see imperfectly, to have a glimpse of, s'entrevoir to visit each other. See Inter-, and View.]

1. A mutual sight or view; a meeting face to face; usually, a formal or official meeting for consultation; a conference; as, the secretary had an interview with the President.

2. A conservation, or questioning, for the purpose of eliciting information for publication; the published statement so elicited. &hand; A recent use, originating in American newspapers, but apparently becoming general.

Interview

In"ter*view, v. t. To have an interview with; to question or converse with, especially for the purpose of obtaining information for publication. [Recent]

Interviewer

In"ter*view`er (?), n. One who interviews; especially, one who obtains an interview with another for the purpose of eliciting his opinions or obtaining information for publication.
It would have made him the prince of interviewers in these days. Leslie Stephen.

Interviewing

In"ter*view`ing, n. The act or custom of holding an interview or interviews.
An article on interviewing in the "Nation" of January 28, 1869, . . . was the first formal notice of the practice under that name. The American.

Intervisible

In`ter*vis"i*ble (?), a. (Surv.) Mutually visible, or in sight, the one from the other, as stations.

Intervisit

In`ter*vis"it (?), v. i. To exchange visits. [R.] Evelyn.

Intervital

In`ter*vi"tal (?), a. Between two lives. [R.]
Through all its [the spirit's] intervital gloom. Tennyson.

Intervolution

In`ter*vo*lu"tion (?), n. The state of being intervolved or coiled up; a convolution; as, the intervolutions of a snake. Hawthorne.

Intervolve

In`ter*volve" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intervolved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intervolving.] [Pref. inter- + L. volvere, volutum, to roll.] To involve one within another; to twist or coil together. Milton.

Interweave

In`ter*weave" (?), v. t. [imp. & obs. p. p. Interwove (?); p. p. Interwoven (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interweaving.]

1. To weave together; to intermix or unite in texture or construction; to intertwine; as, threads of silk and cotton interwoven.

Under the hospitable covert nigh Of trees thick interwoven. Milton.

2. To intermingle; to unite intimately; to connect closely; as, to interweave truth with falsehood. Dryden.

Words interwove with sighs found out their way. Milton.

Interwish

In`ter*wish" (?), v. t. To wish mutually in regarded to each other. [Obs.] Donne.

Interworking

In`ter*work"ing (?), n. The act of working in together; interweaving. Milton.

Interworld

In`ter*world" (?), n. A world between other worlds. Holland.

Interwove, Interwoven

In`ter*wove" (?), In`ter*wov"en (?), imp. & p. p. of Interweave.

Interwreathe

In`ter*wreathe" (?), v. t. To weave into a wreath; to intertwine. [R.] Lovelace.

Intestable

In*tes"ta*ble (?), a. [L. intestabilis: cf. F. intestable. See In- not, and Testable.] (Law) Not capable of making a will; not legally qualified or competent to make a testament. Blackstone.

Intestacy

In*tes"ta*cy (?), n. [From Intestate.] The state of being intestate, or of dying without having made a valid will. Blackstone.

Intestate

In*tes"tate (?), a. [L. intestatus; pref. in- not + testatus, p. p. of testari to make a will: cf. F. intestat. See Testament.]

1. Without having made a valid will; without a will; as, to die intestate. Blackstone.

Airy succeeders of intestate joys. Shak.

2. Not devised or bequeathed; not disposed of by will; as, an intestate estate.

Intestate

In*tes"tate, n. (Law) A person who dies without making a valid will. Blackstone.

Intestinal

In*tes"ti*nal (?), a. [Cf. F. intestinal.] Of or pertaining to the intestines of an animal; as, the intestinal tube; intestinal digestion; intestinal ferments. Intestinal canal. Same as Intestine, n. -- Intestinal worm (Zo\'94l.), any species of helminth living in the intestinal canal of any animal. The species are numerous.

Intestine

In*tes"tine (?), a. [L. intestinus, fr. intus on the inside, within, fr. in in: cf. F. intestine. See In.]

1. Internal; inward; -- opposed to external.

Epilepsies, fierce catarrhs, Intestine stone and ulcers. Milton.

2. Internal with regard to a state or country; domestic; not foreign; -- applied usually to that which is evil; as, intestine disorders, calamities, etc.

Hoping here to end Intestine war in heaven, the arch foe subdued. Milton.
An intestine struggle . . . between authority and liberty. Hume.

3. Depending upon the internal constitution of a body or entity; subjective.

Everything labors under and intestine necessity. Cudworth.

4. Shut up; inclosed. [R.] Cowper.

Intestine

In*tes"tine, n.; pl. Intestines (#). [L. intestinum: cf. F. intestin. See Intestine, a.]

1. (Anat.) That part of the alimentary canal between the stomach and the anus. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus.

2. pl. The bowels; entrails; viscera. Large intestine (Human Anat. & Med.), the lower portion of the bowel, terminating at the anus. It is adapted for the retention of fecal matter, being shorter, broader, and less convoluted than the small intestine; it consists of three parts, the c\'91cum, colon, and rectum. -- Small intestine (Human Anat. & Med.), the upper portion of the bowel, in which the process of digestion is practically completed. It is narrow and contorted, and consists of three parts, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

Intext

In"text (?), n. The text of a book. [R.] Herrick.

Intextine

In*tex"tine (?), n. [Infine + extine.] (Bot.) A thin membrane existing in the pollen grains of some plants, and situated between the extine and the intine, as in .

Intextured

In*tex"tured (?; 135), a. Inwrought; woven in.

Inthirst

In*thirst" (?), v. t. To make thirsty. [Obs.]

Inthrall

In*thrall" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inthralled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inthralling.] [Cf. Enthrall.] [Written also inthral, enthral, and enthrall.] To reduce to bondage or servitude; to make a thrall, slave, vassal, or captive of; to enslave.
She soothes, but never can inthrall my mind. Prior.

Inthrallment

In*thrall"ment (?), n. [Written also inthralment, enthrallment.] Act of inthralling, or state of being inthralled; servitude; bondage; vassalage.

Inthrone

In*throne" (?), v. t. Same as Enthrone.

Inthrong

In*throng" (?; 115), v. i. To throng or collect together. [R.] Fairfax.

Inthronization

In*thron`i*za"tion (?), n. [LL. inthronizatio.] Enthronement. Bp. Warburton.

Inthronize

In*thron"ize (?), v. t. [LL. inthronisare, Gr. Enthrone.] To enthrone.

Intice

In*tice" (?), v. t. See Entice.

Intimacy

In"ti*ma*cy (?), n.; pl. Intimacies (#). [From Intimate.] The state of being intimate; close familiarity or association; nearness in friendship. Syn. -- Acquaintance; familiarity; fellowship; friendship. See Acquaintance.

Intimate

In"ti*mate (?), a. [Formerly intime, L. intimus, a superl. corresponding to the compar. interior cf. F. intime. The form intimate is due to confusion with intimate, v. t. See Interior.]

1. Innermost; inward; internal; deep-seated; hearty. "I knew from intimate impulse." Milton.

2. Near; close; direct; thorough; complete.

He was honored with an intimate and immediate admission. South.

3. Close in friendship or acquaintance; familiar; confidential; as, an intimate friend. Syn. -- Familiar; near; friendly; confidential.

Intimate

In"ti*mate, n. An intimate friend or associate; a confidant. Gov. of the Tongue.

Intimate

In"ti*mate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intimated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intimating.] [L. intimatus, p. p. of intimare to put, bring, drive, or press into, to announce, make known, from intimus the inmost. See Intimate, a.]

1. To announce; to declare; to publish; to communicate; to make known. [Obs.]

He, incontinent, did proclaim and intimate open war. E. Hall.
So both conspiring 'gan to intimate Each other's grief. Spenser.

2. To suggest obscurely or indirectly; to refer to remotely; to give slight notice of; to hint; as, he intimated his intention of resigning his office.

The names of simple ideas and substances, with the abstract ideas in the mind, intimate some real existence, from which was derived their original pattern. Locke.

Intimately

In"ti*mate*ly (?), adv. In an intimate manner.

Intimation

In`ti*ma"tion (?), n. [L. intimatio: cf. F. intimation.]

1. The act of intimating; also, the thing intimated.

2. Announcement; declaration. Macaulay.

They made an edict with an intimation that whosoever killed a stork, should be banished. Holland.

3. A hint; an obscure or indirect suggestion or notice; a remote or ambiguous reference; as, he had given only intimations of his design.

Without mentioning the king of England, or giving the least intimation that he was sent by him. Bp. Burnet.

Intime

In"time (?), a. [See Intimate, a.] Inward; internal; intimate. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.

Intimidate

In*tim"i*date (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intimidated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intimidating (?).] [LL. intimidatus, p. p. of intimidare to frighten; pref. in- in + timidus fearful, timid: cf. F. intimider. See Timid.] To make timid or fearful; to inspire of affect with fear; to deter, as by threats; to dishearten; to abash.
Now guilt, once harbored in the conscious breast, Intimidates the brave, degrades the great. Johnson.
Syn. -- To dishearten; dispirit; abash; deter; frighten; terrify; daunt; cow.

Intimidation

In*tim`i*da"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. intimidation.] The act of making timid or fearful or of deterring by threats; the state of being intimidated; as, the voters were kept from the polls by intimidation.
The king carried his measures in Parliament by intimidation. Paley.

Intimidatory

In*tim"i*da*to*ry (?), a. Tending or serving to intimidate.

Intinction

In*tinc"tion (?), n. [L. intinctio, fr. intingere to dip in; pref. in- in + tingere to tinge.]

1. The act of tingeing or dyeing. Blount.

2. (Eccl.) A method or practice of the administration of the sacrament by dipping the bread or wafer in the wine and administering both together.

Intinctivity

In`tinc*tiv"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. in- not + L. tinctus, p. p. of tingere to tinge] The want of the quality of coloring or tingeing other bodies. Kirwan.

Intine

In"tine (?), n. [L. intus within. Cf. Extine.] (Bot.) A transparent, extensible membrane of extreme tenuity, which forms the innermost coating of grains of pollen.

Intire, a., Intirely

In*tire" (?), a., In*tire"ly, adv.
See Entire, a., Entirely, adv.

Intitle

In*ti"tle (?), v. t. See Entitle.

Intitule

In*tit"ule (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intituled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intituling.] [Cf. F. intituler. See Entitle.] To entitle; to give a title to. Selden.

Into

In"to (?), prep. [In + to.] To the inside of; within. It is used in a variety of applications.

1. Expressing entrance, or a passing from the outside of a thing to its interior parts; -- following verbs expressing motion; as, come into the house; go into the church; one stream falls or runs into another; water enters into the fine vessels of plants.

2. Expressing penetration beyond the outside or surface, or access to the inside, or contents; as, to look into a letter or book; to look into an apartment.

3. Indicating insertion; as, to infuse more spirit or animation into a composition.

4. Denoting inclusion; as, put these ideas into other words.

5. Indicating the passing of a thing from one form, condition, or state to another; as, compound substances may be resolved into others which are more simple; ice is convertible into water, and water into vapor; men are more easily drawn than forced into compliance; we may reduce many distinct substances into one mass; men are led by evidence into belief of truth, and are often enticed into the commission of crimes'into; she burst into tears; children are sometimes frightened into fits; all persons are liable to be seduced into error and folly. Compare In.

Intolerability

In*tol`er*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being intolerable; intolerableness. [R.]

Intolerable

In*tol"er*a*ble (?), a. [F. intol\'82rable, L. intolerabilis. See In- not, and Tolerable.]

1. Not tolerable; not capable of being borne or endured; not proper or right to be allowed; insufferable; insupportable; unbearable; as, intolerable pain; intolerable heat or cold; an intolerable burden.


Page 782

His insolence is more intolerable Than all the princes in the land beside. Shak.

4. Enormous.

This intolerable deal of sack. Shak.
-- In*tol"er*a*ble*ness, n. -- In*tol"er*a*bly, adv.

Intolerance

In*tol"er*ance (?), n. [L. intolerantia impatience, unendurableness: cf. F. intol\'82rance.]

1. Want of capacity to endure; as, intolerance of light.

2. The quality of being intolerant; refusal to allow to others the enjoyment of their opinions, chosen modes of worship, and the like; want of patience and forbearance; illiberality; bigotry; as, intolerance shown toward a religious sect.

These few restrictions, I hope, are no great stretches of intolerance, no very violent exertions of despotism. Burke.

Intolerancy

In*tol"er*an*cy (?), n. Intolerance. Bailey.

Intolerant

In*tol"er*ant (?), a. [L. intolerans, -antis: cf. F. intol\'82rant. See In- not, and Tolerant.]

1. Not enduring; not able to endure.

The powers of human bodies being limited and intolerant of excesses. Arbuthnot.

2. Not tolerating difference of opinion or sentiment, especially in religious matters; refusing to allow others the enjoyment of their opinions, rights, or worship; unjustly impatient of the opinion of those disagree with us; not tolerant; unforbearing; bigoted.

Religion, harsh, intolerant, austere, Parent of manners like herself severe. Cowper.

Intolerant

In*tol"er*ant, n. An intolerant person; a bigot.

Intolerantly

In*tol"er*ant*ly, adv. In an intolerant manner.

Intolerated

In*tol"er*a`ted (?), a. Not tolerated.

Intolerating

In*tol"er*a`ting (?), a. Intolerant. [R.]

Intoleration

In*tol`er*a"tion (?), n. Intolerance; want of toleration; refusal to tolerate a difference of opinion.

Intomb

In*tomb" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intombed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intombing.] To place in a tomb; to bury; to entomb. See Entomb.

Intombment

In*tomb"ment (?), n. See Entombment.

Intonate

In"to*nate (?), v. i. [L. intonatus, p. p. of intonare to thunder, resound.] To thunder. [Obs.] Bailey.

Intonate

In"to*nate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Intonated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intonating (?).] [See Intone.]

1. (Mus.) To sound the tones of the musical scale; to practice the sol-fa.

2. To modulate the voice in a musical, sonorous, and measured manner, as in reading the liturgy; to intone.

Intonate

In"to*nate, v. t. To utter in a musical or sonorous manner; to chant; as, to intonate the liturgy.

Intonation

In`to*na"tion (?), n. [See 1st Intonate.] A thundering; thunder. [Obs.] Bailey.

Intonation

In`to*na"tion, n. [Cf. F. intonation. See Intone.] (Mus.) (a) The act of sounding the tones of the musical scale. (b) Singing or playing in good tune or otherwise; as, her intonation was false. (c) Reciting in a musical prolonged tone; intonating, or singing of the opening phrase of a plain-chant, psalm, or canticle by a single voice, as of a priest. See Intone, v. t. <-- 2. the manner of speaking, esp. the rise and fall of the pitch of the voice while speaking. -->

Intone

In*tone" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intoning.] [LL. intonare, intonatum; pref. in- in + L. tonus tone. See Tone and cf. Entune, Intonate.] To utter with a musical or prolonged note or tone; to chant; as, to intone the church service.

Intone

In*tone", v. i. To utter a prolonged tone or a deep, protracted sound; to speak or recite in a measured, sonorous manner; to intonate. Pope.

Intorsion

In*tor"sion (?), n. [L. intortio a curling, crisping: cf. F. intorsion. See Intort, and cf. Intortion.]

1. A winding, bending, or twisting.

2. (Bot.) The bending or twining of any part of a plant toward one side or the other, or in any direction from the vertical.

Intort

In*tort" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Intorting.] [L. intortus, p. p. of intoquere to twist; pref. in- in + torquere to twist.] To twist in and out; to twine; to wreathe; to wind; to wring. Pope.

Intortion

In*tor"tion (?), n. See Intorsion.

Intoxicant

In*tox"i*cant (?), n. That which intoxicates; an intoxicating agent; as, alcohol, opium, and laughing gas are intoxicants.

Intoxicate

In*tox"i*cate (?), a. [LL. intoxicatus, p. p. of intoxicare to drug or poison; pref. in- in + L. toxicum a poison in which arrows were dipped, Gr. Toxic.]

1. Intoxicated.

2. Overexcited, as with joy or grief.

Alas, good mother, be not intoxicate for me; I am well enough. Chapman.

Intoxicate

In*tox"i*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intoxicated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intoxicating.]

1. To poison; to drug. South.

2. To make drunk; to inebriate; to excite or to stupefy by strong drink or by a narcotic substance.

With new wine inoxicated both. Milton.

3. To excite to a transport of enthusiasm, frenzy, or madness; to elate unduly or excessively.

Intoxicated with the sound of those very bells. G. Eliot.
They are not intoxicated by military success. Jowett (Thuc. ).

Intoxicatedness

In*tox"i*ca`ted*ness (?), n. The state of being intoxicated; intoxication; drunkenness. [R.]

Intoxicating

In*tox"i*ca`ting (?), a. Producing intoxication; as, intoxicating liquors.

Intoxication

In*tox`i*ca"tion (?), n.

1. (Med.) A poisoning, as by a spirituous or a narcotic substance.

2. The state of being intoxicated or drunk; inebriation; ebriety; drunkenness; the act of intoxicating or making drunk.

2. A high excitement of mind; an elation which rises to enthusiasm, frenzy, or madness.

That secret intoxication of pleasure. Spectator.Syn. -- Drunkenness; inebriation; inebriety; ebriety; infatuation; delirium. See Drunkenness.

Intra-

In"tra- (?). [L. intra, prep., within, on the inside; akin to inter. See Inter-.] A prefix signifying in, within, interior; as, intraocular, within the eyeball; intramarginal.

Intraaxillary

In`tra*ax"il*la*ry (?), a. (Bot.) Situated below the point where a leaf joins the stem.

Intracellular

In`tra*cel"lu*lar (?), a. (Biol.) Within a cell; as, the intracellular movements seen in the pigment cells, the salivary cells, and in the protoplasm of some vegetable cells.

Intracolic

In`tra*col"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Within the colon; as, the intracolic valve.

Intracranial

In`tra*cra"ni*al (?), a. Within the cranium or skull. Sir W. Hamilton.

Intractability

In*tract`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being intractable; intractableness. Bp. Hurd.

Intractable

In*tract"a*ble (?), a. [L. intractabilis: cf. F. intraitable, formerly also intractable. See In- not, and Tractable.] Not tractable; not easily governed, managed, or directed; indisposed to be taught, disciplined, or tamed; violent; stubborn; obstinate; refractory; as, an intractable child. Syn. -- Stubborn; perverse; obstinate; refractory; cross; unmanageable; unruly; headstrong; violent; ungovernable; unteachable. -- In*tract"a*ble*ness, n. -- In*tract"a*bly, adv.

Intractile

In*tract"ile (?), a. Not tractile; incapable of being drawn out or extended. Bacon.

Intrados

In*tra"dos (?), n. [F., fr. L. intra within + F. dos the back, L. dorsum. Cf. Extrados.] (Arch.) The interior curve of an arch; esp., the inner or lower curved face of the whole body of voussoirs taken together. See Extrados.

Intrafoliaceous

In`tra*fo`li*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Growing immediately above, or in front of, a leaf; as, intrafoliaceous stipules.

Intrafusion

In`tra*fu"sion (?), n. [Pref. intra- + L. fundere, fusum, to pour.] The act of pouring into a vessel; specif. (Med.), the operation of introducing a substance into a blood vessel; as, intrafusion of blood.

Intralobular

In`tra*lob"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Within lobules; as, the intralobular branches of the hepatic veins.

Intramarginal

In`tra*mar"gin*al (?), a. Situated within the margin. Loudon.

Intramercurial

In`tra*mer*cu"ri*al (?), a. (Astron.) Between the planet Mercury and the sun; -- as, the hypothetical Vulcan is intramercurial.

Intramolecular

In`tra*mo*lec"u*lar (?), a. (Chem. & Physics) Between molecules; situated, or acting, between the molecules of bodies.

Intramundane

In`tra*mun"dane (?), a. Being within the material world; -- opposed to extramundane.

Intramural

In`tra*mu"ral (?), a.

1. Being within the walls, as of a city.

2. (Anat. & Med.) Being within the substance of the walls of an organ; as, intramural pregnancy.

Intranquillity

In`tran*quil"li*ty (?), n. Unquietness; restlessness. Sir W. Temple.

Intranscalent

In`trans*ca"lent (?), a. Impervious to heat; adiathermic.

Intransgressible

In`trans*gress"i*ble (?), a. [L. intragressibilis that can not be crossed. See In- not, and Transgress.] Incapable of being transgressed; not to be passes over or crossed. Holland.

Intranssient

In*trans"sient (?), a. Not transient; remaining; permanent. Killingbeck.

Intransigent

In*trans"i*gent (?), a. [F. intransigeant (cf. Sp. intransigente); pref. in- not + L. transigere to come to an agreement; trans across + agere to lead, act.] Refusing compromise; uncompromising; irreconcilable. Lond. Sat. Rev.

Intransigentes

In`trans"i*gen*tes (?), n. pl. [Sp.] (Spanish Politics) The extreme radicals; the party of the irreconcilables.

Intransitive

In*tran"si*tive (?), a. [L. intransitivus: cf. F. intransitif. See In- not, and Transitive.]

1. Not passing farther; kept; detained. [R.]

And then it is for the image's sake and so far is intransitive; but whatever is paid more to the image is transitive and passes further. Jer. Taylor.

2. (Gram.) Not transitive; not passing over tas, an intransitive verb, e. g., the bird flies; the dog runs. &hand; Intransitive verbs have no passive form. Some verbs which appear at first sight to be intransitive are in reality, or were originally, transitive verbs with a reflexive or other object omitted; as, he keeps (i. e., himself) aloof from danger. Intransitive verbs may take a noun of kindred signification for a cognate object; as, he died the death of a hero; he dreamed a dream. Some intransitive verbs, by the addition of a preposition, become transitive, and so admit of a passive voice; as, the man laughed at; he was laughed at by the man.

Intransitively

In*tran"si*tive*ly, adv. (Gram.) Without an object following; in the manner of an intransitive verb.

In transitu

In` tran"si*tu (?). [L.] (Law) In transit; during passage; as, goods in transitu.

Intransmissible

In`trans*mis"si*ble (?), a. Not capable of being transmitted.

Intransmutability

In`trans*mu`ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being intransmutable.

Intransmutable

In`trans*mut"a*ble (?), a. Not capable of being transmuted or changed into another substance.

Intrant

In"trant (?), a. [L. intrans, p. pr. of intrare to enter. See Enter.] Entering; penetrating.

Intrant

In"trant, n. One who enters; especially, a person entering upon some office or station. Hume.

Intranuclear

In`tra*nu"cle*ar (?), a. (Biol.) Within the nucleus of a cell; as. the intranuclear network of fibrils, seen in the first stages of karyokinesis.

Intrap

In*trap" (?), v. t. See Entrap. Spenser.

Intraparietal

In"tra*pa*ri"e*tal (?), a. Situated or occurring within an inclosure; shut off from public sight; private; secluded; retired.
I have no Turkish proclivities, and I do not think that, after all, impaling is preferable as a mode of capital punishment to intraparietal hanging. Roll

Intrapetiolar

In`tra*pet"i*o*lar (?), a. (Bot.) Situated between the petiole and the stem; -- said of the pair of stipules at the base of a petiole when united by those margins next the petiole, thus seeming to form a single stipule between the petiole and the stem or branch; -- often confounded with interpetiolar, from which it differs essentially in meaning.

Intraterritorial

In`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al (?), a. Within the territory or a territory.

Intrathoracic

In`tra*tho*rac"ic (?), a. Within the thora

Intratropical

In`tra*trop"ic*al (?), a. Within the tropics.

Intrauterine

In`tra*u"ter*ine (?), a. Within the uterus or womb; as, intrauterine hemorrhage.

Intravalvular

In`tra*valv"u*lar (?), a. Between valves.

Intravenous

In`tra*ve"nous (?), a. Within the veins.

Intraventricular

In`tra*ven*tric"u*lar (?), a. Within or between ventricles.

Intreasure

In*treas"ure (?; 135), v. t. To lay up, as in a treasury; to hoard. [Obs.] Shak.

Intreat

In*treat" (?), v. t. See Entreat. Spenser.

Intreatable

In*treat"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + treatable.] Not to be entreated; inexorable.

Intreatance

In*treat"ance (?), n. Entreaty. [Obs.] Holland.

Intreatful

In*treat"ful (?), a. Full of entreaty. [Obs.] Spenser.

Intrench

In*trench" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intrenched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intrenching.]

1. To cut in; to furrow; to make trenches in or upon.

It was this very sword intrenched it. Shak.
His face Deep scars of thunder had intrenched. Milton.

2. To surround with a trench or with intrenchments, as in fortification; to fortify with a ditch and parapet; as, the army intrenched their camp, or intrenched itself. "In the suburbs close intrenched." Shak.

Intrench

In*trench", v. i. To invade; to encroach; to infringe or trespass; to enter on, and take possession of, that which belongs to another; -- usually followed by on or upon; as, the king was charged with intrenching on the rights of the nobles, and the nobles were accused of intrenching on the prerogative of the crown.
We are not to intrench upon truth in any conversation, but least of all with children. Locke.

Intrenchant

In*trench"ant (?), a. [Pref. in- not + trenchant.] Not to be gashed or marked with furrows. [Obs.]
As easy mayest thou the intrenchant air With thy keen sword impress, as make me bleed. Shak.

Intrenchment

In*trench"ment (?), n. [From Intrench.]

1. The act of intrenching or the state of being intrenched.

2. (Mil.) Any defensive work consisting of at least a trench or ditch and a parapet made from the earth thrown up in making such a ditch.

On our side, we have thrown up intrenchments on Winter and Prospect Hills. Washington.

3. Any defense or protection.

4. An encroachment or infringement.

The slight intrenchment upon individual freedom. Southey.

Intrepid

In*trep"id (?), a. [L. intrepidus: cf. F. intr\'82pide. See In- not, and Trepidation.] Not trembling or shaking with fear; fearless; bold; brave; undaunted; courageous; as, an intrepid soldier; intrepid spirit. Syn. -- Fearless; dauntless; resolute; brave; courageous; daring; valiant; heroic; doughty.

Intrepidity

In`tre*pid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. intr\'82pidit\'82.] The quality or state of being intrepid; fearless bravery; courage; resoluteness; valor.
Sir Roger had acquitted himself of two or three sentences with a look of much business and great intrepidity. Addison.
Syn. -- Courage; heroism; bravery; fortitude; gallantry; valor. See Courage, Heroism.

Intrepidly

In*trep"id*ly (?), adv. In an intrepid manner; courageously; resolutely.

Intricable

In"tri*ca*ble (?), a. [See Intricate.] Entangling. [Obs.] Shelton.

Intricacy

In"tri*ca*cy (?), n.; pl. Intricacies (#). [From Intricate.] The state or quality of being intricate or entangled; perplexity; involution; complication; complexity; that which is intricate or involved; as, the intricacy of a knot; the intricacy of accounts; the intricacy of a cause in controversy; the intricacy of a plot.
Freed from intricacies, taught to live The easiest way. Milton.

Intricate

In"tri*cate (?), a. [L. intricatus, p. p. of intricare to entangle, perplex. Cf. Intrigue, Extricate.] Entangled; involved; perplexed; complicated; difficult to understand, follow, arrange, or adjust; as, intricate machinery, labyrinths, accounts, plots, etc.
His style was fit to convey the most intricate business to the understanding with the utmost clearness. Addison.
The nature of man is intricate. Burke.
Syn. -- Intricate, Complex, Complicated. A thing is complex when it is made up of parts; it is complicated when those parts are so many, or so arranged, as to make it difficult to grasp them; it is intricate when it has numerous windings and confused involutions which it is hard to follow out. What is complex must be resolved into its parts; what is complicated must be drawn out and developed; what is intricate must be unraveled.

Intricate

In"tri*cate (?), v. t. To entangle; to involve; to make perplexing. [Obs.]
It makes men troublesome, and intricates all wise discourses. Jer. Taylor.

Intricately

In"tri*cate*ly (?), adv. In an intricate manner.

Intricateness

In"tri*cate*ness, n. The state or quality of being intricate; intricacy.

Intrication

In`tri*ca"tion (?), n. Entanglement. [Obs.]

Intrigante

In`tri`gante" (?), n. [F.] A female intriguer.
Page 783

Intrigue

In*trigue" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Intrigued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intriguing.] [F. intriguer, OF. intriquer, entriquer; cf. It. intrigare. See Intricate, Extricate.]

1. To form a plot or scheme; to contrive to accomplish a purpose by secret artifice.

2. To carry on a secret and illicit love or amour.

Intrigue

In*trigue", v. t. To fill with artifice and duplicity; to complicate; to embarrass. [Obs.]
How doth it [sin] perplex and intrique the whole course of your lives! Dr. J. Scott.

Intrigue

In*trigue", n. [Cf. F. intrique. See Intrigue, v. i.]

1. Intricacy; complication. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

2. A complicated plot or scheme intended to effect some purpose by secret artifice; conspiracy; stratagem.

Busy meddlers with intrigues of state. Pomfret.

3. The plot or romance; a complicated scheme of designs, actions, and events. Pope.

4. A secret and illicit love affair between two persons of different sexes; an amour; a liaison.

The hero of a comedy is represented victorious in all his intrigues. Swift.
Syn. -- Plot; scheme; conspiracy; machination.

Intriguer

In*trigu"er (?), n. One who intrigues.

Intriguery

In*trigu"er*y (?), n. Arts or practice of intrigue.

Intriguingly

In*trigu"ing*ly (?), adv. By means of, or in the manner of, intrigue.

Intrinse

In*trinse" (?), a. [See Intrinsic, and Intense.] Tightly drawn; or (perhaps) intricate. [Very rare]
Like rats, oft bite the holy cords atwain, Which are too intrinse to unloose. Shak.

Intrinsic

In*trin"sic (?), a. [L. intrinsecus inward, on the inside; intra within + secus otherwise, beside; akin to E. second: cf. F. intrins\'8aque. See Inter-, Second, and cf. Extrinsic.]

1. Inward; internal; hence, true; genuine; real; essential; inherent; not merely apparent or accidental; -- opposed to extrinsic; as, the intrinsic value of gold or silver; the intrinsic merit of an action; the intrinsic worth or goodness of a person.

He was better qualified than they to estimate justly the intrinsic value of Grecian philosophy and refinement. I. Taylor.

2. (Anat.) Included wholly within an organ or limb, as certain groups of muscles; -- opposed to extrinsic. Intrinsic energy of a body (Physics), the work it can do in virtue of its actual condition, without any supply of energy from without. -- Intrinsic equation of a curve (Geom.), the equation which expresses the relation which the length of a curve, measured from a given point of it, to a movable point, has to the angle which the tangent to the curve at the movable point makes with a fixed line. -- Intrinsic value. See the Note under Value, n.Syn. -- Inherent; innate; natural; real; genuine.

Intrinsic

In*trin"sic, n. A genuine quality. [Obs.] Warburton.

Intrinsical

In*trin"sic*al (?), a. [Formerly written intrinsecal.]

1. Intrinsic.

2. Intimate; closely familiar. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

Intrinsicality

In*trin`si*cal"i*ty (?), n. The quality of

Intrinsically

In*trin"sic*al*ly (?), adv. Internally;
A lie is a thing absolutely and intrinsically evil. South.

Intrinsicalness

In*trin"sic*al*ness, n. The quality of being intrinsical; intrinsicality.

Intrinsicate

In*trin"si*cate (?), a. Intricate. [Obs.] Shak.

Intro-

In"tro- (?). [L. intro, adv., inwardly, within. See Inter-.] A prefix signifying within, into, in, inward; as, introduce, introreception, introthoracic.

Introcession

In`tro*ces"sion (?), n. [L. introcedere, introcessum, to go in; intro within + cedere to go.] (Med.) A depression, or inward sinking of parts.

Introduce

In`tro*duce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Introduced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Introducing (?).] [L. introducere, introductum; intro within + ducere to lead. See Intro-, and Duke.]

1. To lead or bring in; to conduct or usher in; as, to introduce a person into a drawing-room.

2. To put (something into a place); to insert; as, to introduce the finger, or a probe.

3. To lead to and make known by formal announcement or recommendation; hence, to cause to be acquainted; as, to introduce strangers; to introduce one person to another.

4. To bring into notice, practice, cultivation, or use; as, to introduce a new fashion, method, or plant.

5. To produce; to cause to exist; to induce. [Obs.]

Whosoever introduces habits in children, deserves the care and attention of their governors. Locke.

6. To open to notice; to begin; to present; as, he introduced the subject with a long preface. Syn. -- To bring in; usher in; insert; begin; preface.

Introducement

In`tro*duce"ment (?), n. Introduction. [Obs.]

Introducer

In`tro*du"cer (?), n. One who, or that which, introduces.

Introduct

In`tro*duct" (?), v. t. To introduce. [Obs.]

Introduction

In`tro*duc"tion (?), n. [L. introductio: cf. F. introduction. See Introduce.]

1. The act of introducing, or bringing to notice.

2. The act of formally making persons known to each other; a presentation or making known of one person to another by name; as, the introduction of one stranger to another.

3. That part of a book or discourse which introduces or leads the way to the main subject, or part; preliminary; matter; preface; proem; exordium.

4. A formal and elaborate preliminary treatise; specifically, a treatise introductory to other treatises, or to a course of study; a guide; as, an introduction to English literature.

Introductive

In`tro*duc"tive (?), a. [Cf. F. introductif.] Serving to introduce; introductory. -- In`tro*duc"tive*ly, adv.

Introductor

In`tro*duc"tor (?), n. [L.] An introducer. [Obs.]

Introductorily

In`tro*duc"to*ri*ly (?), adv. By way of introduction.

Introductory

In`tro*duc"to*ry (?), a. [L. itroductorius: cf. F. introductoire.] Serving to introduce something else; leading to the main subject or business; preliminary; prefatory; as, introductory proceedings; an introductory discourse.

Introductress

In`tro*duc"tress (?), n. A female introducer.

Introflexed

In`tro*flexed" (?), a. Flexed or bent inward.

Introgression

In`tro*gres"sion (?), n. [L. introgressus, p. p. of introgredi to go in; intro- within + gradi to step, go.] The act of going in; entrance. Blount.

Introit

In*tro"it (?), n. [L. introitus, fr. introire to go into, to enter; intro within + ire to go: cf. F. introit.]

1. A going in. Caxton.

2. (R. C. Ch.) (a) A psalm sung or chanted immediately before the collect, epistle, and gospel, and while the priest is entering within the rails of the altar. (b) A part of a psalm or other portion of Scripture read by the priest at Mass immediately after ascending to the altar.

3. (R. C. Ch.) An anthem or psalm sung before the Communion service.

4. Any composition of vocal music appropriate to the opening of church services.

Intromission

In`tro*mis"sion (?), n. [Cf. F. intromission. See Intromit.]

1. The act of sending in or of putting in; insertion. South.

2. The act of letting go in; admission.

3. (Scots Law) An intermeddling with the affairs of another, either on legal grounds or without authority.

Intromit

In`tro*mit" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intromitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Intromitting.] [L. intromittere, intromissum; intro- within + mittere to send.]

1. To send in or put in; to insert or introduce. Greenhill.

2. To allow to pass in; to admit.

Glass in the window intromits light, without cold. Holder.

Intromit

In`tro*mit", v. i. (Scots Law) To intermeddle with the effects or goods of another.

Intromittent

In`tro*mit"tent (?), a. [L. intromittens, p. pr.]

1. Throwing, or allowing to pass, into or within.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Used in copulation; -- said of the external reproductive organs of the males of many animals, and sometimes of those of the females.

Intromitter

In`tro*mit"ter (?), n. One who intromits.

Intropression

In`tro*pres"sion (?), n. Pressure acting within. [R.]

Introreception

In`tro*re*cep"tion (?), n. The act of admitting into or within. Hammond.

Introrse

In*trorse" (?), a. [L. introrsus inward, contr. from introversus. See Introvert.] (Bot.) Turning or facing inward, or toward the axis of the part to which it belongs. Gray.

Introspect

In`tro*spect" (?), v. t. [L. introspectus, p. p. introspicere to look into; intro within + specere to look. See Spy.] To look into or within; to view the inside of. Bailey.

Introspection

In`tro*spec"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. introspection.] A view of the inside or interior; a looking inward; specifically, the act or process of self-examination, or inspection of one's own thoughts and feelings; the cognition which the mind has of its own acts and states; self-consciousness; reflection.
I was forced to make an introspection into my own mind. Dryden.

Introspectionist

In`tro*spec"tion*ist, n. (Metaph.) One given to the introspective method of examining the phenomena of the soul.

Introspective

In`tro*spec"tive (?), a. [Cf. F. introspectif.]

1. Inspecting within; seeing inwardly; capable of, or exercising, inspection; self-conscious.

2. Involving the act or results of conscious knowledge of physical phenomena; -- contrasted with associational. J. S. Mill.

Introsume

In`tro*sume" (?), v. t. [Pref. intro- + L. sumere to take.] To draw in; to swallow. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Introsusception

In`tro*sus*cep"tion (?), n.

1. The act or process of receiving within.

The person is corrupted by the introsusception of a nature which becomes evil thereby. Coleridge.

2. (Med.) Same as Intussusception.

Introvenient

In`tro*ven"ient (?), a. [L. introveniens, p. pr. of introvenire to come in; intro within + venire to come.] Coming in together; entering; commingling. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Introversion

In`tro*ver"sion (?), n. [See Introvert.] The act of introverting, or the state of being introverted; the act of turning the mind inward. Berkeley.

Introvert

In`tro*vert" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Introverted; p. pr. & vb. n. Introverting.] [Pref. intro- + L. vertere, versum, to turn.]

1. To turn or bend inward. "Introverted toes." Cowper.

2. To look within; to introspect. Lew Wallace.

Intrude

In*trude" (?), v. i. [L. intrudere, intrusum; pref. in- in + trudere to thrust, akin to E. threat. See Threat.] To thrust one's self in; to come or go in without invitation, permission, or welcome; to encroach; to trespass; as, to intrude on families at unseasonable hours; to intrude on the lands of another.
Thy wit wants edge And manners, to intrude where I am graced. Shak.
Some thoughts rise and intrude upon us, while we shun them; others fly from us, when we would hold them. I. Watts.

Intrude

In*trude", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intruded; p. pr. & vb. n. Intruding.]

1. To thrust or force (something) in or upon; especially, to force (one's self) in without leave or welcome; as, to intrude one's presence into a conference; to intrude one's opinions upon another.

2. To enter by force; to invade. [Obs.]

Why should the worm intrude the maiden bud? Shak.

3. (Geol.) The cause to enter or force a way, as into the crevices of rocks. Syn. -- To obtrude; encroach; infringe; intrench; trespass. See Obtrude.

Intruded

In*trud"ed (?), p. a. (Geol.) Same as Intrusive.

Intruder

In*trud"er (?), n. One who intrudes; one who thrusts himself in, or enters without right, or without leave or welcome; a trespasser.
They were all strangers and intruders. Locke.

Intrudress

In*trud"ress (?), n. A female intruder.

Intrunk

In*trunk" (?), v. t. To inclose as in a trunk; to incase. [R.] Ford.

Intrusion

In*tru"sion (?), n. [Cf. F. intrusion. See Intrude.]

1. The act of intruding, or of forcing in; especially, the forcing (one's self) into a place without right or welcome; encroachment.

Why this intrusion? Were not my orders that I should be private? Addison.

2. (Geol.) The penetrating of one rock, while in a plastic or metal state, into the cavities of another.

3. (Law) The entry of a stranger, after a particular estate or freehold is determined, before the person who holds in remainder or reversion has taken possession.

4. (Scotch Ch.) The settlement of a minister over 3 congregation without their consent.

Intrusional

In*tru"sion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to intrusion.

Intrusionist

In*tru"sion*ist, n. One who intrudes; especially, one who favors the appointment of a clergyman to a parish, by a patron, against the wishes of the parishioners.

Intrusive

In*tru"sive (?), a. Apt to intrude; characterized by intrusion; entering without right or welcome. Intrusive rocks (Geol.), rocks which have been forced, while in a plastic or melted state, into the cavities or between the cracks or layers of other rocks. The term is sometimes used as equivalent to plutonic rocks. It is then contrasted with effusive or volcanic rocks.<-- e.g. dikes, igneous rock injected into a fissure --> -- In*tru"sive*ly, adv. -- In*tru"sive*ness, n.

Intrust

In*trust" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intrusted, p. pr. & vb. n. Intrusting.] To deliver (something) to another in trust; to deliver to (another) something in trust; to commit or surrender (something) to another with a certain confidence regarding his care, use, or disposal of it; as, to intrust a servant with one's money or intrust money or goods to a servant. Syn. -- To commit; consign; confide. See Commit.

Intubation

In`tu*ba"tion (?), n. [Pref. in- in + tube.] (Med.) The introduction of a tube into an organ to keep it open, as into the larynx in croup.

Intuition

In`tu*i"tion (?), n. [L. intuitus, p. p. of intueri to look on; in- in, on + tueri: cf. F. intuition. See Tuition.]

1. A looking after; a regard to. [Obs.]

What, no reflection on a reward! He might have an intuition at it, as the encouragement, though not the cause, of his pains. Fuller.

2. Direct apprehension or cognition; immediate knowledge, as in perception or consciousness; -- distinguished from "mediate" knowledge, as in reasoning; as, the mind knows by intuition that black is not white, that a circle is not a square, that three are more than two, etc.; quick or ready insight or apprehension.

Sagacity and a nameless something more, -- let us call it intuition. Hawthorne.

3. Any object or truth discerned by direct cognition; especially, a first or primary truth.

Intuitional

In`tu*i"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or derived from, intuition; characterized by intuition; perceived by intuition; intuitive.

Intuitionalism

In`tu*i"tion*al*ism (?), n. (Metaph.) The doctrine that the perception or recognition of primary truth is intuitive, or direct and immediate; -- opposed to sensationalism, and experientialism.

Intuitionalist

In`tu*i"tion*al*ist, n. One who holds the doctrine of intuitionalism.

Intuitionism

In`tu*i"tion*ism (?), n. Same as Intuitionalism.

Intuitionist

In`tu*i"tion*ist, n. Same as Intuitionalist. Bain.

Intuitive

In*tu"i*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. intuitif.]

1. Seeing clearly; as, an intuitive view; intuitive vision.

2. Knowing, or perceiving, by intuition; capable of knowing without deduction or reasoning.

Whence the soul Reason receives, and reason is her being, Discursive, or intuitive. Milton.

3. Received. reached, obtained, or perceived, by intuition; as, intuitive judgment or knowledge; -- opposed to deductive. Locke.

Intuitively

In*tu"i*tive*ly, adv. In an intuitive manner.

Intuitivism

In*tu"i*tiv*ism (?), n. The doctrine that the ideas of right and wrong are intuitive. J. Grote.

Intumesce

In`tu*mesce" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Intumesced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intumescing (?).] [L. intumescere; pref. in- in + tumescere to swell up, incho. fr. tumere to swell. See Tumid.] To enlarge or expand with heat; to swell; specifically, to swell up or bubble up under the action of heat, as before the blowpipe.
In a higher heat, it intumesces, and melts into a yellowish black mass. Kirwan.

Intumescence

In`tu*mes"cence (?), n. [Cf. F. intumescence.]

1. The act or process of swelling or enlarging; also, the state of being swollen; expansion; tumidity; especially, the swelling up of bodies under the action of heat.

The intumescence of nations. Johnson.

2. Anything swollen or enlarged, as a tumor.

Intumescent

In`tu*mes"cent (?), a. [L. intumescens, p. pr.] Swelling up; expanding.

Intumulated

In*tu"mu*la`ted (?), a. [L. intumulatus. See In- not, and Tumulate.] Unburied. [Obs.]

Intune

In*tune" (?), v. t. To intone. Cf. Entune.

Inturbidate

In*tur"bid*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inturbidated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inturbidating.] [Pref. in- in + turbid.] To render turbid; to darken; to confuse. [R.]
The confusion of ideas and conceptions under the same term painfully inturbidates his theology. Coleridge.

Inturgescence

In`tur*ges"cence (?), n. [L. inturgescens, p. pr. of inturgescere to swell up. See 1st In-, and Turgescent.] A swelling; the act of swelling, or state of being swelled. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Page 784

Intuse

In"tuse (?), n. [L. intundere to bruise; pref. in- in + tundere, tusum, to beat, bruise.] A bruise; a contusion. [Obs.] Spenser.

Intussuscepted

In`tus*sus*cep"ted (?), a. [See Intussusception.] Received into some other thing or part, as a sword into a sheath; invaginated.

Intussusception

In`tus*sus*cep"tion (?), n. [L. intus within + susception. Cf. Introsusception.]

1. The reception of one part within another.

2. (Med.) The abnormal reception or slipping of a part of a tube, by inversion and descent, within a contiguous part of it; specifically, the reception or slipping of the upper part of the small intestine into the lower; introsusception; invagination. Dunglison.

3. (Bot.) The interposition of new particles of formative material among those already existing, as in a cell wall, or in a starch grain.

4. (Physiol.) The act of taking foreign matter, as food, into a living body; the process of nutrition, by which dead matter is absorbed by the living organism, and ultimately converted into the organized substance of its various tissues and organs.

Dead bodies increase by apposition; living bodies by intrussusception. McKendrick.

Intwine

In*twine" (?), v. t. [Cf. Entwine.] To twine or twist into, or together; to wreathe; as, a wreath of flowers intwined. [Written also entwine.]

Intwine

In*twine", v. i. To be or to become intwined.

Intwinement

In*twine"ment (?), n. The act of twinning, or the state of being intwined.

Intwist

In*twist" (?), v. t. [Cf. Entwist.] To twist into or together; to interweave. [Written also entwist.]

Inuendo

In`u*en"do (?), n. See Innuendo.

Inulin

In"u*lin (?), n. [From NL. Inula Helenium, the elecampane: cf. F. inuline.] (Chem.) A substance of very wide occurrence. It is found dissolved in the sap of the roots and rhizomes of many composite and other plants, as Inula, Helianthus, Campanula, etc., and is extracted by solution as a tasteless, white, semicrystalline substance, resembling starch, with which it is isomeric. It is intermediate in nature between starch and sugar. Called also dahlin, helenin, alantin, etc.<-- also = alant starch. a polysaccharide found in Compositae [MI11]-->

Inuloid

In"u*loid (?), n. [Inulin + -oid.] (Chem.) A substance resembling inulin, found in the unripe bulbs of the dahila.

Inumbrate

In*um"brate (?), v. t. [L. inumbratus, p. p. of inumbrare to shade.] To shade; to darken. [Obs.]

Inuncted

In*unc"ted (?), a. [See Inunction.] Anointed. [Obs.] Cockeram.

Inunction

In*unc"tion (?), n. [L. inunctio, fr. inungere, inunctum, to anoint. See 1st In-, and Unction.] The act of anointing, or the state of being anointed; unction; specifically (Med.), the rubbing of ointments into the pores of the skin, by which medicinal agents contained in them, such as mercury, iodide of potash, etc., are absorbed.

Inunctuosity

In*unc`tu*os"i*ty (?; 135), n. The want of unctuosity; freedom from greasiness or oiliness; as, the inunctuosity of porcelain clay. Kirwan.

Inundant

In*un"dant (?), a. [L. inundans, p. pr. of inundare.] Overflowing. [R.] Shenstone.

Inundate

In*un"date (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inundated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inundating.] [L. inundatus, p. p. of inundare to inundate; pref. in- in + undare to rise in waves, to overflow, fr. unda a wave. See Undulate.]

1. To cover with a flood; to overflow; to deluge; to flood; as, the river inundated the town.

2. To fill with an overflowing abundance or superfluity; as, the country was inundated with bills of credit. Syn. -- To overflow; deluge; flood; overwhelm; submerge; drown.

Inundation

In`un*da"tion (?), n. [L. inundatio: cf. F. inondation.]

1. The act of inundating, or the state of being inundated; an overflow; a flood; a rising and spreading of water over grounds.

With inundation wide the deluge reigns, Drowns the deep valleys, and o'erspreads the plains. Wilkie.

2. An overspreading of any kind; overflowing or superfluous abundance; a flood; a great influx; as, an inundation of tourists.

To stop the inundation of her tears. Shak.

Inunderstanding

In*un`der*stand"ing (?), a. Void of understanding. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.

Inurbane

In`ur*bane" (?), a. [L. inurbanus. See In- not, and Urbane.] Uncivil; unpolished; rude. M. Arnold. -- In`ur*bane"ly, adv. -- In`ur*bane"ness, n.

Inurbanity

In`ur*ban"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. inurbanit\'82.] Want of urbanity or courtesy; unpolished manners or deportment; inurbaneness; rudeness. Bp. Hall.

Inure

In*ure" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inuring.] [From pref. in- in + ure use, work. See Ure use, practice, Opera, and cf. Manure.] To apply in use; to train; to discipline; to use or accustom till use gives little or no pain or inconvenience; to harden; to habituate; to practice habitually. "To inure our prompt obedience." Milton.
He . . . did inure them to speak little. Sir T. North.
Inured and exercised in learning. Robynson (More's Utopia).
The poor, inured to drudgery and distress. Cowper.

Inure

In*ure", v. i. To pass into use; to take or have effect; to be applied; to serve to the use or benefit of; as, a gift of lands inures to the heirs. [Written also enure.]

Inurement

In*ure"ment (?), n. Use; practice; discipline; habit; custom.

Inurn

In*urn" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inurned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inurning.] To put in an urn, as the ashes of the dead; hence, to bury; to intomb.
The sepulcher Wherein we saw thee quietly inurned. Shak.

Inusitate

In*u"si*tate (?), a. [L. inunsitatus unusual. See Use.] Unusual. [R.] Bramhall.

Inusitation

In*u"si*ta"tion (?), n. Want of use; disuse. [R.] Paley.

Inust

In*ust" (?), a. [L. inurere, inustum, to burn in; pref. in- in + urere to burn.] Burnt in. [Obs.]

Inustion

In*us"tion (?), n. The act of burning or branding. [Obs.] T. Adams.

Inutile

In*u"tile (?), a. [L. inutilis: cf. F. inutile. See In- not, Utile.] Useless; unprofitable. [Obs.] Bacon.

Inutility

In`u*til"i*ty (?), n. [L. inutilitas: cf. F. inutilit\'82.] Uselessness; the quality of being unprofitable; unprofitableness; as, the inutility of vain speculations and visionary projects.

Inutterable

In*ut"ter*a*ble (?), a. Unutterable; inexpressible. Milton.

In vacuo

In` vac"u*o (?). [L.] (Physics) In a vacuum; in empty space; as, experiments in vacuo.

Invade

In*vade" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Invading.] [L. invadere, invasum; pref. in- in + vadere to go, akin to E. wade: cf. OF. invader, F. envahir. See Wade.]

1. To go into or upon; to pass within the confines of; to enter; -- used of forcible or rude ingress. [Obs.]

Which becomes a body, and doth then invade The state of life, out of the grisly shade. Spenser.

2. To enter with hostile intentions; to enter with a view to conquest or plunder; to make an irruption into; to attack; as, the Romans invaded Great Britain.

Such an enemy Is risen to invade us. Milton.

3. To attack; to infringe; to encroach on; to violate; as, the king invaded the rights of the people.

4. To grow or spread over; to affect injuriously and progressively; as, gangrene invades healthy tissue. Syn. -- To attack; assail; encroach upon. See Attack.

Invade

In*vade", v. i. To make an invasion. Brougham.

Invader

In*vad"er (?), n. One who invades; an assailant; an encroacher; an intruder.

Invaginate

In*vag"i*nate (?), v. t. To insert as in a sheath; to pr

Invaginate, Invaginated

In*vag"i*nate (?), In*vag"i*na`ted (?), a. (Biol.) (a) Sheathed. (b) Having one portion of a hollow organ drawn back within another portion.

Invagination

In*vag`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. pref. in- + vagina sheath.]

1. (Biol.) The condition of an invaginated organ or part.

2. (Biol.) One of the methods by which the various germinal layers of the ovum are differentiated. &hand; In embolic invagination, one half of the blastosphere is pushed in towards the other half, producing an embryonic form known as a gastrula. -- In epibolic invagination, a phenomenon in the development of some invertebrate ova, the epiblast appears to grow over or around the hypoblast.

Invalescence

In`va*les"cence (?), n. [L. invalescens, p. pr. of invalescere to become strong. See 1st In-, and Convalesce.] Strength; health. [Obs.]

Invaletudinary

In*val`e*tu"di*na*ry (?), a. Wanting health; valetudinary. [R.]

Invalid

In*val"id (?), a. [Pref. in- not + valid: cf. F. invalide, L. invalidus infirm, weak. Cf. Invalid infirm.]

1. Of no force, weight, or cogency; not valid; weak.

2. (Law) Having no force, effect, or efficacy; void; null; as, an invalid contract or agreement.

Invalid

In"va*lid (?; 277), n. [F. invalide, n. & a., L. invalidus, a. See Invalid null.] A person who is weak and infirm; one who is disabled for active service; especially, one in chronic ill health.

Invalid

In"va*lid (?), a. [See Invalid, n.] Not well; feeble; infirm; sickly; as, he had an invalid daughter.

Invalid

In"va*lid, v. t.

1. To make or render invalid or infirm. "Invalided, bent, and almost blind." Dickens.

2. To classify or enroll as an invalid.

Peace coming, he was invalided on half pay. Carlyle.

Invalidate

In*val"i*date (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invalidated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Invalidating.] [From Invalid null.] To render invalid; to weaken or lessen the force of; to destroy the authority of; to render of no force or effect; to overthrow; as, to invalidate an agreement or argument.

Invalidation

In*val`i*da"tion (?), n. The act of inavlidating, or the state of being invalidated.
So many invalidations of their right. Burke.

Invalide

In`va*lide" (?), n. [F.] See Invalid, n.

Invalidism

In"va*lid*ism (?), n. The condition of an invalid; sickness; infirmity.

Invalidity

In`va*lid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. invalidit\'82, LL. invaliditas want of health.]

1. Want of validity or cogency; want of legal force or efficacy; invalidness; as, the invalidity of an agreement or of a will.

2. Want of health; infirmity. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.

Invalidness

In*val"id*ness (?), n. Invalidity; as, the invalidness of reasoning.

Invalorous

In*val"or*ous (?), a. Not valorous; cowardly.

Invaluable

In*val"u*a*ble (?), a. Valuable beyond estimation; inestimable; priceless; precious.

Invaluably

In*val"u*a*bly, adv. Inestimably. Bp. Hall.

Invalued

In*val"ued (?), a. Inestimable. [R.] Drayton.

Invariability

In*va`ri*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. invariabilit\'82.] The quality of being invariable; invariableness; constancy; uniformity.

Invariable

In*va"ri*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + variable: cf. F. invariable.] Not given to variation or change; unalterable; unchangeable; always uniform.
Physical laws which are invariable. I. Taylor.
-- In*va"ri*a*ble*ness, n. -- In*va"ri*a*bly, adv.

Invariable

In*va"ri*a*ble (?), n. (Math.) An invariable quantity; a constant.

Invariance

In*va"ri*ance (?), n. (Math.) The property of remaining invariable under prescribed or implied conditions. J. J. Sylvester.

Invariant

In*va"ri*ant (?), n. (Math.) An invariable quantity; specifically, a function of the coefficients of one or more forms, which remains unaltered, when these undergo suitable linear transformations. J. J. Sylvester.

Invasion

In*va"sion (?), n. [L. invasio: cf. F. invasion. See Invade.]

1. The act of invading; the act of encroaching upon the rights or possessions of another; encroachment; trespass.

2. A warlike or hostile entrance into the possessions or domains of another; the incursion of an army for conquest or plunder.

3. The incoming or first attack of anything hurtful or pernicious; as, the invasion of a disease. Syn. -- Invasion, Irruption, Inroad. Invasion is the generic term, denoting a forcible entrance into a foreign country. Incursion signifies a hasty and sudden invasion. Irruption denotes particularly violent invasion. Inroad is entry by some unusual way involving trespass and injury.

Invasive

In*va"sive (?), a. [LL. invasivus: cf. F. invasif. See Invade.] Tending to invade; characterized by invasion; aggressive. "Invasive war." Hoole.

Invect

In*vect" (?), v. i. To inveigh. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Invected

In*vec"ted (?), a. [L. invectus carried in. See Inveigh.] (Her.) Having a border or outline composed of semicircles with the convexity outward; -- the opposite of engrailed.

Invection

In*vec"tion (?), n. [L. invectio. See Inveigh.] An inveighing against; invective. [Obs.] Fulke.

Invective

In*vec"tive (?), a. [L. invectivus: cf. F. invectif. See Inveigh.] Characterized by invection; critical; denunciatory; satirical; abusive; railing.

Invective

In*vec"tive, n. [F. invective.] An expression which inveighs or rails against a person; a severe or violent censure or reproach; something uttered or written, intended to cast opprobrium, censure, or reproach on another; a harsh or reproachful accusation; -- followed by against, having reference to the person or thing affected; as an invective against tyranny.
The world will be able to judge of his [Junius'] motives for writing such famous invectives. Sir W. Draper.
Syn. -- Abuse; censure; reproach; satire; sarcasm; railing; diatribe. See Abuse.

Invectively

In*vec"tive*ly, adv. In an invective manner. Shak.

Inveigh

In*veigh" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Inveighed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inveighing.] [L. invehere, invectum, to carry or bring into or against, to attack with words, to inveigh; pref. in- in + vehere to carry. See Vehicle, and cf. Invective.] To declaim or rail (against some person or thing); to utter censorious and bitter language; to attack with harsh criticism or reproach, either spoken or written; to use invectives; -- with against; as, to inveigh against character, conduct, manners, customs, morals, a law, an abuse.
All men inveighed against him; all men, except court vassals, opposed him. Milton.
The artificial life against which we inveighed. Hawthorne.

Inveigher

In*veigh"er (?), n. One who inveighs.

Inveigle

In*vei"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inveigled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inveigling (?).] [Prob. fr. F. aveugler to blind, to delude, OF. aveugler, avugler, avegler, fr. F. aveugle blind, OF. aveugle, avugle, properly, without eyes, fr. L. ab + oculus eye. The pref. in- seems to have been substituted for a- taken as the pref. F. \'85, L. ad. See Ocular.] To lead astray as if blind; to persuade to something evil by deceptive arts or flattery; to entice; to insnare; to seduce; to wheedle.
Yet have they many baits and guileful spells To inveigle and invite the un unwary sense. Milton.

Inveiglement

In*vei"gle*ment (?), n. The act of inveigling, or the state of being inveigled; that which inveigles; enticement; seduction. South.

Inveigler

In*vei"gler (?), n. One who inveigles.

Inveil

In*veil" (?), v. t. To cover, as with a vail. W. Browne.

Invendibility

In*vend`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being invendible; invendibleness; unsalableness.

Invendible

In*vend"i*ble (?), a. [L. invendibilis. See In- not, and Vendible.] Not vendible or salable. Jefferson. -- In*vend"i*ble*ness, n.

Invenom

In*ven"om (?), v. t. See Envenom.

Invent

In*vent" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invented; p. pr. & vb. n. Inventing.] [L. inventus, p. p. of invenire to come upon, to find, invent; pref. in- in + venire to come, akin to E. come: cf. F. inventer. See Come.]

1. To come or light upon; to meet; to find. [Obs.]

And vowed never to return again, Till him alive or dead she did invent. Spenser.

2. To discover, as by study or inquiry; to find out; to devise; to contrive or produce for the first time; -- applied commonly to the discovery of some serviceable mode, instrument, or machine.

Thus first Necessity invented stools. Cowper.

3. To frame by the imagination; to fabricate mentally; to forge; -- in a good or a bad sense; as, to invent the machinery of a poem; to invent a falsehood.

Whate'er his cruel malice could invent. Milton.
He had invented some circumstances, and put the worst possible construction on others. Sir W. Scott.
Syn. -- To discover; contrive; devise; frame; design; fabricate; concoct; elaborate. See Discover.

Inventer

In*vent"er (?), n. One who invents.

Inventful

In*vent"ful (?), a. Full of invention. J. Gifford.

Inventible

In*vent"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being invented.

Inventibleness

In*vent"i*ble*ness, n. Quality of being inventible.

Invention

In*ven"tion (?), n. [L. inventio: cf. F. invention. See Invent.]

1. The act of finding out or inventing; contrivance or construction of that which has not before existed; as, the invention of logarithms; the invention of the art of printing.


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As the search of it [truth] is the duty, so the invention will be the happiness of man. Tatham.

2. That which is invented; an original contrivance or construction; a device; as, this fable was the invention of Esop; that falsehood was her own invention.

We entered by the drawbridge, which has an invention to let one fall if not premonished. Evelyn.

3. Thought; idea. Shak.

4. A fabrication to deceive; a fiction; a forgery; a falsehood.

Filling their hearers With strange invention. Shak.

5. The faculty of inventing; imaginative faculty; skill or ingenuity in contriving anything new; as, a man of invention.

They lay no less than a want of invention to his charge; a capital crime, . . . for a poet is a maker. Dryden.

6. (Fine Arts, Rhet., etc.) The exercise of the imagination in selecting and treating a theme, or more commonly in contriving the arrangement of a piece, or the method of presenting its parts. Invention of the cross (Eccl.), a festival celebrated May 3d, in honor of the finding of our Savior's cross by St. Helena.

Inventious

In*ven"tious (?), a. Inventive. [Obs.]

Inventive

In*vent"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. inventif.] Able and apt to invent; quick at contrivance; ready at expedients; as, an inventive head or genius. Dryden. -- In*vent"ive*ly, adv. -- In*vent"ive*ness, n.

Inventor

In*vent"or (?), n. [L.: cf. F. inventeur.] One who invents or finds out something new; a contriver; especially, one who invents mechanical devices.

Inventorial

In`ven*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to an inventory. -- In`ven*to"ri*al*ly, adv. Shak.

Inventory

In"ven*to*ry (?), n.; pl. Inventories (#). [L. inventarium: cf. LL. inventorium, F. inventaire, OF. also inventoire. See Invent.] An account, catalogue, or schedule, made by an executor or administrator, of all the goods and chattels, and sometimes of the real estate, of a deceased person; a list of the property of which a person or estate is found to be possessed; hence, an itemized list of goods or valuables, with their estimated worth; specifically, the annual account of stock taken in any business.
There take an inventory of all I have. Shak.
Syn. -- List; register; schedule; catalogue. See List.

Inventory

In"ven*to*ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inventoried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inventorying.] [Cf. F. inventorier.] To make an inventory of; to make a list, catalogue, or schedule of; to insert or register in an account of goods; as, a merchant inventories his stock.
I will give out divers schedules of my beauty; it shall be inventoried, and every particle and utensil labeled. Shak.

Inventress

In*vent"ress (?), n. [Cf. L. inventrix, F. inventrice.] A woman who invents. Dryden.

Inveracity

In`ve*rac"i*ty (?), n. Want of veracity.

Inverisimilitude

In*ver`i*si*mil"i*tude (?), n. Want of verisimilitude or likelihood; improbability.

Inverse

In*verse" (?), a. [L. inversus, p. p. of invertere: cf. F. inverse. See Invert.]

1. Opposite in order, relation, or effect; reversed; inverted; reciprocal; -- opposed to direct.

2. (Bot.) Inverted; having a position or mode of attachment the reverse of that which is usual.

3. (Math.) Opposite in nature and effect; -- said with reference to any two operations, which, when both are performed in succession upon any quantity, reproduce that quantity; as, multiplication is the inverse operation to division. The symbol of an inverse operation is the symbol of the direct operation with -1 as an index. Thus sin-1 x means the arc whose sine is x. Inverse figures (Geom.), two figures, such that each point of either figure is inverse to a corresponding point in the order figure. -- Inverse points (Geom.), two points lying on a line drawn from the center of a fixed circle or sphere, and so related that the product of their distances from the center of the circle or sphere is equal to the square of the radius. -- Inverse, ∨ Reciprocal, ratio (Math.), the ratio of the reciprocals of two quantities. -- Inverse, ∨ Reciprocal, proportion, an equality between a direct ratio and a reciprocal ratio; thus, 4 : 2 : : , or 4 : 2 : : 3 : 6, inversely.

Inverse

In"verse, n. That which is inverse.
Thus the course of human study is the inverse of the course of things in nature. Tatham.

Inversely

In*verse"ly (?), adv. In an inverse order or manner; by inversion; -- opposed to directly. Inversely proportional. See Directly proportional, under Directly, and Inversion, 4.

Inversion

In*ver"sion (?), n. [L. inversio: cf. F. inversion. See Invert.]

1. The act of inverting, or turning over or backward, or the state of being inverted.

2. A change by inverted order; a reversed position or arrangement of things; transposition.

It is just the inversion of an act of Parliament; your lordship first signed it, and then it was passed among the Lords and Commons. Dryden.

3. (Mil.) A movement in tactics by which the order of companies in line is inverted, the right being on the left, the left on the right, and so on.

4. (Math.) A change in the order of the terms of a proportion, so that the second takes the place of the first, and the fourth of the third.

5. (Geom.) A peculiar method of transformation, in which a figure is replaced by its inverse figure. Propositions that are true for the original figure thus furnish new propositions that are true in the inverse figure. See Inverse figures, under Inverse.

6. (Gram.) A change of the usual order of words or phrases; as, "of all vices, impurity is one of the most detestable," instead of, "impurity is one of the most detestable of all vices."

7. (Rhet.) A method of reasoning in which the orator shows that arguments advanced by his adversary in opposition to him are really favorable to his cause.

8. (Mus.) (a) Said of intervals, when the lower tone is placed an octave higher, so that fifths become fourths, thirds sixths, etc. (b) Said of a chord, when one of its notes, other than its root, is made the bass. (c) Said of a subject, or phrase, when the intervals of which it consists are repeated in the contrary direction, rising instead of falling, or vice versa. (d) Said of double counterpoint, when an upper and a lower part change places.

9. (Geol.) The folding back of strata upon themselves, as by upheaval, in such a manner that the order of succession appears to be reversed.

10. (Chem.) The act or process by which cane sugar (sucrose), under the action of heat and acids or ferments (as diastase), is broken or split up into grape sugar (dextrose), and fruit sugar (levulose); also, less properly, the process by which starch is converted into grape sugar (dextrose). &hand; The terms invert and inversion, in this sense, owe their meaning to the fact that the plane of polarization of light, which is rotated to the right by cane sugar, is turned toward the left by levulose.

Invert

In*vert" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inverted; p. pr. & vb. n. Inverting.] [L. invertere, inversum; pref. in- in + vertere to turn. See Verse.]

1. To turn over; to put upside down; to upset; to place in a contrary order or direction; to reverse; as, to invert a cup, the order of words, rules of justice, etc.

That doth invert the attest of eyes and ears, As if these organs had deceptious functions. Shak.
Such reasoning falls like an inverted cone, Wanting its proper base to stand upon. Cowper.

2. (Mus.) To change the position of; -- said of tones which form a chord, or parts which compose harmony.

3. To divert; to convert to a wrong use. [Obs.] Knolles.

4. (Chem.) To convert; to reverse; to decompose by, or subject to, inversion. See Inversion, n., 10.

Invert

In*vert", v. i. (Chem.) To undergo inversion, as sugar.

Invert

In"vert (?), a. (Chem.) Subjected to the process of inversion; inverted; converted; as, invert sugar. Invert sugar (Chem.), a variety of sugar, consisting of a mixture of dextrose and levulose, found naturally in fruits, and produced artificially by the inversion of cane sugar (sucrose); also, less properly, the grape sugar or dextrose obtained from starch. See Inversion, Dextrose, Levulose, and Sugar.

Invert

In"vert, n. (Masonry) An inverted arch.

Invertebral

In*ver"te*bral (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Invertebrate.

Invertebrata

In*ver`te*bra"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. in- not + vertebratus vertebrate.] (Zo\'94l.) A comprehensive division of the animal kingdom, including all except the Vertebrata.

Invertebrate

In*ver"te*brate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Destitute of a backbone; having no vertebr\'91; of or pertaining to the Invertebrata. -- n. One of the Invertebrata. Age of invertebrates. See Age, and Silurian.

Invertebrated

In*ver"te*bra`ted (?), a. Having no backbone; invertebrate.

Inverted

In*vert"ed (?), a.

1. Changed to a contrary or counterchanged order; reversed; characterized by inversion.

2. (Geol.) Situated apparently in reverse order, as strata when folded back upon themselves by upheaval. Inverted arch (Arch.), an arch placed with crown downward; -- much used in foundations.

Invertedly

In*vert"ed*ly, adv. In an inverted order. Derham.

Invertible

In*vert"i*ble (?), a. [From Invert.]

1. Capable of being inverted or turned.

2. (Chem.) Capable of being changed or converted; as, invertible sugar.

Invertible

In*vert"i*ble, a. [Pref. in- not + L. vertere to turn + -ible.] Incapable of being turned or changed.
An indurate and invertible conscience. Cranmer.

Invertin

In*vert"in (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) An unorganized ferment which causes cane sugar to take up a molecule of water and be converted into invert sugar.

Invest

In*vest" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invested; p. pr. & vb. n. Investing.] [L. investire, investitum; pref. in- in + vestire to clothe, fr. vestis clothing: cf. F. investir. See Vest.]

1. To put garments on; to clothe; to dress; to array; -- opposed to divest. Usually followed by with, sometimes by in; as, to invest one with a robe.

2. To put on. [Obs.]

Can not find one this girdle to invest. Spenser.

3. To clothe, as with office or authority; to place in possession of rank, dignity, or estate; to endow; to adorn; to grace; to bedeck; as, to invest with honor or glory; to invest with an estate.

I do invest you jointly with my power. Shak.

4. To surround, accompany, or attend.

Awe such as must always invest the spectacle of the guilt. Hawthorne.

5. To confer; to give. [R.]

It investeth a right of government. Bacon.

6. (Mil.) To inclose; to surround of hem in with troops, so as to intercept succors of men and provisions and prevent escape; to lay siege to; as, to invest a town.

7. To lay out (money or capital) in business with the as, to invest money in bank stock.

Invest

In*vest" (?), v. i. To make an investment; as, to invest in stocks; -- usually followed by in.

Investient

In*vest"ient (?), a. [L. investiens, p. pr. of investire.] Covering; clothing. [R.] Woodward.

Investigable

In*ves"ti*ga*ble (?), a. [L. investigabilis. See Investigate.] Capable or susceptible of being investigated; admitting research. Hooker.

Investigable

In*ves"ti*ga*ble, a. [L. investigabilis. See In- not, and Vestigate.] Unsearchable; inscrutable. [Obs.]
So unsearchable the judgment and so investigable the ways thereof. Bale.

Investigate

In*ves"ti*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Investigated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Investigating.] [L. investigatus, p. p. of investigare to investigate; pref. in- in + vestigare to track, trace. See Vestige.] To follow up step by step by patient inquiry or observation; to trace or track mentally; to search into; to inquire and examine into with care and accuracy; to find out by careful inquisition; as, to investigate the causes of natural phenomena.

Investigate

In*ves"ti*gate, v. i. To pursue a course of investigation and study; to make investigation.

Investigation

In*ves`ti*ga"tion (?), n. [L. investigatio: cf. F. investigation.] The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research; study; inquiry, esp. patient or thorough inquiry or examination; as, the investigations of the philosopher and the mathematician; the investigations of the judge, the moralist.

Investigative

In*ves"ti*ga*tive (?), a. Given to investigation; inquisitive; curious; searching.

Investigator

In*ves"ti*ga`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. investigateur.] One who searches diligently into a subject.

Investiture

In*ves"ti*ture (?; 135), n. [LL. investitura: cf. F. investiture.]

1. The act or ceremony of investing, or the of being invested, as with an office; a giving possession; also, the right of so investing.

He had refused to yield up to the pope the investiture of bishops. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. (Feudal Law) Livery of seizin.

The grant of land or a feud was perfected by the ceremony oinvestiture, or open delivery of possession. Blackstone.

3. That with which anyone is invested or clothed; investment; clothing; covering.

While we yet have on Our gross investiture of mortal weeds. Trench.

Investive

In*vest"ive (?), a. Investing. [R.] Mir. for Mag.

Investment

In*vest"ment (?), n.

1. The act of investing, or the state of being invested.

2. That with which anyone is invested; a vestment.

Whose white investments figure innocence. Shak.

3. (Mil.) The act of surrounding, blocking up, or besieging by an armed force, or the state of being so surrounded.

The capitulation was signed by the commander of the fort within six days after its investments. Marshall.

4. The laying out of money in the purchase of some species of property; the amount of money invested, or that in which money is invested.

Before the investment could be made, a change of the market might render it ineligible. A. Hamilton.
An investment in ink, paper, and steel pens. Hawthorne.

Investor

In*vest"or (?), n. One who invests.

Investure

In*ves"ture (?; 135), n. Investiture; investment. [Obs.] Bp. Burnet.

Investure

In*ves"ture, v. t. To clothe; to invest; to install. [Obs.] "Monks . . . investured in their copes." Fuller.

Inveteracy

In*vet"er*a*cy (?), n. [From Inveterate.]

1. Firm establishment by long continuance; firmness or deep-rooted obstinacy of any quality or state acquired by time; as, the inveteracy of custom, habit, or disease; -- usually in a bad sense; as, the inveteracy of prejudice or of error.

An inveteracy of evil habits that will prompt him to contract more. A. Tucker.

2. Malignity; spitefulness; virulency.

The rancor of pamphlets, the inveteracy of epigrams, an the mortification of lampoons. Guardian.

Inveterate

In*vet"er*ate (?), a. [L. inveteratus, p. p. of inveterare to render old; pref. in- in + vetus, veteris, old. See Veteran.]

1. Old; long-established. [Obs.]

It is an inveterate and received opinion. Bacon.

2. Firmly established by long continuance; obstinate; deep-rooted; of long standing; as, an inveterate disease; an inveterate abuse.

Heal the inveterate canker of one wound. Shak.

3. Having habits fixed by long continuance; confirmed; habitual; as, an inveterate idler or smoker.

4. Malignant; virulent; spiteful. H. Brooke.

Inveterate

In*vet"er*ate (?), v. t. To fix and settle by long continuance. [Obs.] Bacon.

Inveterately

In*vet"er*ate*ly (?), adv. In an inveterate manner or degree. "Inveterately tough." Hawthorne.

Inveterateness

In*vet"er*ate*ness, n. Inveteracy. Sir T. Browne.

Inveteration

In*vet`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. inveteratio.] The act of making inveterate. [R.] Bailey.

Invict

In*vict" (?), a. [L. invictus. See In- not, and Victor.] Invincible. [Obs.] Joye.

Invidious

In*vid"i*ous (?), a. [L. invidiosus, fr. invidia envy. See Envy, and cf. Envious.]

1. Envious; malignant. [Obs.] Evelyn.

2. Worthy of envy; desirable; enviable. [Obs.]

Such a person appeareth in a far more honorable and invidious state than any prosperous man. Barrow.

3. Likely to incur or produce ill will, or to provoke envy; hateful; as, invidious distinctions.

Agamemnon found it an invidious affair to give the preference to any one of the Grecian heroes. Broome.
-- In*vid"i*ous*ly, adv. -- In*vid"i*ous*ness, n.

Invigilance, Invigilancy

In*vig"i*lance (?), In*vig"i*lan*cy (?), n. [in- not + vigilance: cf. OF. invigilance.] Want of vigilance; neglect of watching; carelessness.
Page 786

Invigor

In*vig"or (?), v. t. To invigorate. [Obs.]

Invigorate

In*vig"or*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invigorated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Invigorating.] [Pref. in- in + vigor.] To give vigor to; to strengthen; to animate; to give life and energy to.
Christian graces and virtues they can not be, unless fed, invigorated, and animated by universal charity. Atterbury.
Syn. -- To refresh; animate; exhilarate; stimulate.

Invigoration

In*vig`or*a"tion (?), n. The act of invigorating, or the state of being invigorated.

Invile

In*vile" (?), v. t. To render vile. [Obs.] Daniel.

Invillaged

In*vil"laged (?; 48), p. a. Turned into, or reduced to, a village. [Obs.] W. Browne.

Invincibility

In*vin`ci*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. invincibilit\'82.] The quality or state of being invincible; invincibleness.

Invincible

In*vin"ci*ble (?), a. [L. invincibilis: cf. F. invincible. See In- not, and Vincible.] Incapable of being conquered, overcome, or subdued; unconquerable; insuperable; as, an invincible army, or obstacle.
Lead forth to battle these my sons Invincible. Milton.
-- In*vin"ci*ble*ness, n. -- In*vin"ci*bly, adv.

Inviolability

In*vi`o*la*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. inviolabilitas: cf. F. inviolabilit\'82.] The quality or state of being inviolable; inviolableness.

Inviolable

In*vi"o*la*ble (?), a. [L. inviolabilis: cf. F. inviolable. See Inviolate, a.]

1. Not violable; not susceptible of hurt, wound, or harm (used with respect to either physical or moral damage); not susceptible of being profaned or corrupted; sacred; holy; as, inviolable honor or chastity; an inviolable shrine.

He tried a third, a tough, well-chosen spear, The inviolable body stood sincere. Dryden.

2. Unviolated; uninjured; undefiled; uncorrupted.

For thou, be sure, shalt give account To him who sent us, whose charge is to keep This place inviolable, and these from harm. Milton.

3. Not capable of being broken or violated; as, an inviolable covenant, agreement, promise, or vow.

Their almighty Maker first ordained And bound them with inviolable bands. Spenser.
And keep our faiths firm and inviolable. Shak.

Inviolableness

In*vi"o*la*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being inviolable; as, the inviolableness of divine justice.

Inviolably

In*vi"o*la*bly, adv. Without violation.

Inviolacy

In*vi"o*la*cy (?), n. The state or quality of being inviolate; as, the inviolacy of an oath.

Inviolate, Inviolated

In*vi"o*late (?), In*vi"o*la`ted (?), a. [L. inviolatus. See In- not, and Violate.]

1. Not violated; uninjured; unhurt; unbroken.

His fortune of arms was still inviolate. Bacon.

2. Not corrupted, defiled, or profaned; chaste; pure. "Inviolate truth." Denham.

There chaste Alceste lives inviolate. Spenser.

Inviolately

In*vi"o*late*ly (?), adv. In an inviolate manner.

Inviolaness

In*vi"o*la*ness, n. The state of being inviolate.

Invious

In"vi*ous (?), a. [L. invius; pref. in- not + via way.] Untrodden. [R.] Hudibras. -- In"vi*ous*ness, n. [R.]

Invirile

In*vi"rile (?), a. Deficient in manhood; unmanly; effeminate. Lowell.

Invirility

In`vi*ril"i*ty (?), n. Absence of virility or manhood; effeminacy. Prynne.

Inviscate

In*vis"cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inviscated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inviscating (?).] [L. inviscatus, p. p. of inviscare to birdlime; pref. in- in + viscum, viscus, the mistletoe, birdlime.] To daub or catch with glue or birdlime; to entangle with glutinous matter. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Inviscerate

In*vis"cer*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inviscerated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inviscerating.] [L. invisceratus, p. p. of inviscerare to put into the entrails. See Viscera.] To breed; to nourish. [R.] W. Montagu.

Inviscerate

In*vis"cer*ate (?), a. [L. invisceratus, p. p.] Deep-seated; internal. [R.] W. Montagu.

Invisibility

In*vis`i*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Invisibilities (#). [L. invisibilitas: cf. F. invisibilit\'82.] The state or quality of being invisible; also, that which is invisible. "Atoms and invisibilities." Landor.

Invisible

In*vis"i*ble (?), a. [F. invisible, L. invisibilis. See In- not, and Visible.] Incapable of being seen; not perceptible by vision; not visible.
To us invisible, or dimly seen In these thy lowest works. Milton.
Invisible bird (Zo\'94l.), a small, shy singing bird (Myadestes sibilons), of St. Vincent Islands. -- Invisible green, a very dark shade of green, approaching to black, and liable to be mistaken for it.

Invisible

In*vis"i*ble, n.

1. An invisible person or thing; specifically, God, the Supreme Being.

2. A Rosicrucian; -- so called because avoiding declaration of his craft. [Obs.]

3. (Eccl. Hist.) One of those (as in the 16th century) who denied the visibility of the church. Shipley.

Invisibleness

In*vis"i*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being invisible; invisibility.

Invisibly

In*vis"i*bly, adv. In an invisible manner, Denham.

Invision

In*vi"sion (?), n. Want of vision or of the power of seeing. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Invitation

In`vi*ta"tion (?), n. [L. invitatio: cf. F. invitation. See Invite.]

1. The act of inviting; solicitation; the requesting of a person's company; as, an invitation to a party, to a dinner, or to visit a friend.

2. A document written or printed, or spoken words,

3. Allurement; enticement. [R.]

She gives the leer of invitation. Shak.

Invitatory

In*vi"ta*to*ry (?), a. [L. invitatorius: cf. F. invitatoire.] Using or containing invitations.
The "Venite" [Psalm xcv.], which is also called the invitatory psalm. Hook.

Invitatory

In*vi"ta*to*ry (?), n.; pl. Invitatories (#). [LL. invitatorium: cf. F. invitatoire.] That which invites; specifically, the invitatory psalm, or a part of it used in worship.

Invite

In*vite" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invited; p. pr. & vb. n. Inviting.] [L. invitare: cf. F. inviter. See Vie.]

1. To ask; to request; to bid; to summon; to ask to do some act, or go to some place; esp., to ask to an entertainment or visit; to request the company of; as, to invite to dinner, or a wedding, or an excursion.

So many guests invite as here are writ. Shak.
I invite his Grace of Castle Rackrent to reflect on this. Carlyle.

2. To allure; to draw to; to tempt to come; to induce by pleasure or hope; to attract.

To inveigle and invite the unwary sense. Milton.
Shady groves, that easy sleep invite. Dryden.
There no delusive hope invites despair. Cowper.

3. To give occasion for; as, to invite criticism. Syn. -- To solicit; bid; call; ask; summon; allure; attract; entice; persuade.

Invite

In*vite", v. i. To give invitation. Milton.

Invitement

In*vite"ment (?), n. Invitation. [Obs.] Chapman.

Inviter

In*vit"er (?), n. One who, or that which, invites.

Invitiate

In*vi"ti*ate (?), a. Not vitiated. Lowell.

Inviting

In*vit"ing (?), a. Alluring; tempting; as, an inviting amusement or prospect.
Nothing is so easy and inviting as the retort of abuse and sarcasm. W. Irving.
-- In*vit"ing*ly, adv. -- In*vit"ing*ness, n. Jer. Taylor.

Invitrifiable

In*vit"ri*fi`a*ble (?), a. Not admitting of being vitrified, or converted into glass. Kirwan.

Invocate

In"vo*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invocated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Invocating (?).] [L. invocatus, p. p. of invocare. See Invoke.] To invoke; to call on, or for, in supplication; to implore.
If Dagon be thy god, Go to his temple, invocate his aid. Milton.

Invocation

In`vo*ca"tion (?), n. [F. invocation, L. invocatio.]

1. The act or form of calling for the assistance or presence of some superior being; earnest and solemn entreaty; esp., prayer offered to a divine being.

Sweet invocation of a child; most pretty and pathetical! Shak.
The whole poem is a prayer to Fortune, and the invocation is divided between the two deities. Addison.

2. (Law) A call or summons; especially, a judicial call, demand, or order; as, the invocation of papers or evidence into court.

Invocatory

In"vo*ca*to*ry (?), a. Making or containing invocation; invoking.

Invoice

In"voice` (?), n. [F. envois things sent, goods forwarded, pl. of envoi a sending or things sent, fr. envoyer to send; cf. F. lettre d'envoi letter of advice of goods forwarded. See Envoy.]

1. (Com.) A written account of the particulars of merchandise shipped or sent to a purchaser, consignee, factor, etc., with the value or prices and charges annexed. Wharton.

2. The lot or set of goods as shipped or received; as, the merchant receives a large invoice of goods.

Invoice

In"voice`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invoiced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Invoicing (?).] To make a written list or account of, as goods to be sent to a consignee; to insert in a priced list; to write or enter in an invoice.
Goods, wares, and merchandise imported from Norway, and invoiced in the current dollar of Norway. Madison.

Invoke

In*voke" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invoked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Invoking.] [F. invoquer, L. invocare; pref. in- in, on + vocare to call, fr. vox voice. See Voice, and cf. Invocate.] To call on for aid or protection; to invite earnestly or solemnly; to summon; to address in prayer; to solicit or demand by invocation; to implore; as, to invoke the Supreme Being, or to invoke His and blessing.
Go, my dread lord, to your great grandsire's tomb, . . . Invoke his warlike spirit. Shak.

Involucel

In*vol"u*cel (?; 277), n. [Dim. of involucre, or involucrum: cf. F. involucelle.] (Bot.) A partial, secondary, or small involucre. See Illust. of Involucre.

Involucellate

In`vo*lu"cel*late (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with involucels.

Involucellum

In`vo*lu*cel"lum (?), n.; pl. Involucella (#). [NL.] See Involucel.

Involucral

In`vo*lu"cral (?), a. [Cf. F. involucral.] Pertaining to, possessing, or like, an involucrum.

Involucrate, Involucrated

In`vo*lu"crate (?), In`vo*lu"cra*ted (?), a. (Bot.) Having an involucre; involucred.

Involucre

In"vo*lu`cre (?; 277), n. [L. involucrum a covering, wrapper, fr. involvere to wrap up, envelop: cf. F. involucre. See Involve.] (Bot.) (a) A whorl or set of bracts around a flower, umbel, or head. (b) A continuous marginal covering of sporangia, in certain ferns, as in the common brake, or the cup-shaped processes of the filmy ferns. (c) The peridium or volva of certain fungi. Called also involucrum.

Involucred

In"vo*lu`cred (?), a. (Bot.) Having an involucre, as umbels, heads, etc. Martyn.

Involucret

In`vo*lu"cret (?), n. (Bot.) An involucel.

Involucrum

In`vo*lu"crum (?), n.; pl. L. Involucra (#), E. Involucrums (#). [L. See Involucre.]

1. (Bot.) See Involucre.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A sheath which surrounds the base of the lasso cells in the Siphonophora.

Involuntarily

In*vol"un*ta*ri*ly (?), adv. [From Involuntary.] In an involuntary manner; not voluntarily; not intentionally or willingly.

Involuntariness

In*vol"un*ta*ri*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being involuntary; unwillingness; automatism.

Involuntary

In*vol"un*ta*ry (?), a. [L. involuntarius. See In- not, and Voluntary.]

1. Not having will of the power of choice.

2. Not under the influence or control of the will; not voluntary; as, the involuntary movements of the body; involuntary muscle fibers.

3. Not proceeding from choice; done unwillingly; reluctant; compulsory; as, involuntary submission.

Involute, Involuted

In"vo*lute (?), In"vo*lu`ted (?), a. [L. involutus, p. p. of involvere. See Involve.]

1. (Bot.) Rolled inward from the edges; -- said of leaves in vernation, or of the petals of flowers in \'91stivation. Gray.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Turned inward at the margin, as the exterior lip of the Cyprea. (b) Rolled inward spirally.

Involute

In"vo*lute, n. (Geom.) A curve traced by the end of a string wound upon another curve, or unwound from it; -- called also evolvent. See Evolute.

Involution

In`vo*lu"tion (?), n. [L. involutio: cf. F. involution. See Involve.]

1. The act of involving or infolding.

2. The state of being entangled or involved; complication; entanglement.

All things are mixed, and causes blended, by mutual involutions. Glanvill.

3. That in which anything is involved, folded, or wrapped; envelope. Sir T. Browne.

4. (Gram.) The insertion of one or more clauses between the subject and the verb, in a way that involves or complicates the construction.

5. (Math.) The act or process of raising a quantity to any power assigned; the multiplication of a quantity into itself a given number of times; -- the reverse of evolution.

6. (Geom.) The relation which exists between three or more sets of points, a.a\'b7, b.b\'b7, c.c\'b7, so related to a point O on the line, that the product Oa.Oa\'b7 = Ob.Ob\'b7 = Oc.Oc\'b7 is constant. Sets of lines or surfaces possessing corresponding properties may be in involution.

7. (Med.) The return of an enlarged part or organ to its normal size, as of the uterus after pregnancy.

Involve

In*volve" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Involved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Involving.] [L. involvere, involutum, to roll about, wrap up; pref. in- in + volvere to roll: cf. OF. involver. See Voluble, and cf. Involute.]

1. To roll or fold up; to wind round; to entwine.

Some of serpent kind . . . involved Their snaky folds. Milton.

2. To envelop completely; to surround; to cover; to hide; to involve in darkness or obscurity.

And leave a sing\'8ad bottom all involved With stench and smoke. Milton.

3. To complicate or make intricate, as in grammatical structure. "Involved discourses." Locke.

4. To connect with something as a natural or logical consequence or effect; to include necessarily; to imply.

He knows His end with mine involved. Milton.
The contrary necessarily involves a contradiction. Tillotson.

5. To take in; to gather in; to mingle confusedly; to blend or merge. [R.]

The gathering number, as it moves along, Involves a vast involuntary throng. Pope.
Earth with hell To mingle and involve. Milton.

6. To envelop, infold, entangle, or embarrass; as, to involve a person in debt or misery.

7. To engage thoroughly; to occupy, employ, or absorb. "Involved in a deep study." Sir W. Scott.

8. (Math.) To raise to any assigned power; to multiply, as a quantity, into itself a given number of times; as, a quantity involved to the third or fourth power. Syn. -- To imply; include; implicate; complicate; entangle; embarrass; overwhelm. -- To Involve, Imply. Imply is opposed to express, or set forth; thus, an implied engagement is one fairly to be understood from the words used or the circumstances of the case, though not set forth in form. Involve goes beyond the mere interpretation of things into their necessary relations; and hence, if one thing involves another, it so contains it that the two must go together by an indissoluble connection. War, for example, involves wide spread misery and death; the premises of a syllogism involve the conclusion.

Involved

In*volved" (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Involute.

Involvedness

In*volv"ed*ness (?), n. The state of being involved.

Involvement

In*volve"ment (?), n. The act of involving, or the state of being involved. Lew Wallace.

Invulgar

In*vul"gar (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in + vulgar.] To cause to become or appear vulgar. [Obs.] Daniel.

Invulgar

In*vul"gar, a. [Pref. in- not + vulgar.] Not vulgar; refined; elegant. [Obs.] Drayton.

Invulnerability

In*vul"ner*a*bil`i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. invuln\'82rabilit\'82.] Quality or state of being invulnerable.

Invulnerable

In*vul"ner*a*ble (?), a. [L. invulnerabilis: cf. F. invuln\'82rable. See In- not, and Vulnerable.]

1. Incapable of being wounded, or of receiving injury.

Neither vainly hope To be invulnerable in those bright arms. Milton.

2. Unanswerable; irrefutable; that can not be refuted or convinced; as, an invulnerable argument.

Invulnerableness

In*vul"ner*a*ble*ness, n. Invulnerability.

Invulnerate

In*vul"ner*ate (?), a. [L. invulneratus unwounded.] Invulnerable.

Inwall

In*wall" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inwalled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inwalling.] To inclose or fortify as with a wall. Spenser.
Page 787

Inwall

In"wall` (?), n. An inner wall; specifically (Metal.), the inner wall, or lining, of a blast furnace.

Inward

In"ward (?), a. [AS. inweard, inneweard, innanweard, fr. innan, inne, within (fr. in in; see In) + the suffix -weard, E. -ward.]

1. Being or placed within; inner; interior; -- opposed to outward. Milton.

2. Seated in the mind, heart, spirit, or soul. "Inward beauty." Shak.

3. Intimate; domestic; private. [Obs.]

All my inward friends abhorred me. Job xix. 19.
He had had occasion, by one very inward with him, to know in part the discourse of his life. Sir P. Sidney.

Inward

In"ward, n.

1. That which is inward or within; especially, in the plural, the inner parts or organs of the body; the viscera. Jer. Taylor.

Then sacrificing, laid the inwards and their fat. Milton.

2. The mental faculties; -- usually pl. [Obs.]

3. An intimate or familiar friend or acquaintance. [Obs.] "I was an inward of his." Shak.

Inward, Inwards

In"ward (?), In"wards (?), adv. [AS. inweard. The ending -s is prop. a genitive ending. See Inward, a., -wards.]

1. Toward the inside; toward the center or interior; as, to bend a thing inward.

2. Into, or toward, the mind or thoughts; inwardly; as, to turn the attention inward.

So much the rather, thou Celestial Light, Shine inward. Milton.

Inwardly

In"ward*ly (?), adv. [AS. inweardlice.]

1. In the inner parts; internally.

Let Benedick, like covered fire, Consume away in sighs, waste inwardly. Shak.

2. Toward the center; inward; as, to curve inwardly.

3. In the heart or mind; mentally; privately; secretas, he inwardly repines.

4. Intimately; thoroughly. [Obs.]

I shall desire to know him more inwardly. Beau. & Fl.

Inwardness

In"ward*ness, n.

1. Internal or true state; essential nature; as, the inwardness of conduct.

Sense can not arrive to the inwardness Of things. Dr. H. More.

2. Intimacy; familiarity. [Obs.] Shak.

3. Heartiness; earnestness.

What was wanted was more inwardness, more feeling. M. Arnold.

Inwards

In"wards (?), adv. See Inward.

Inweave

In*weave" (?), v. t. To weave in or together; to intermix or intertwine by weaving; to interlace.
Down they cast Their crowns, inwove with amaranth and gold. Milton.

Inwheel

In*wheel" (?), v. t. To encircle. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

Inwit

In"wit (?), n. Inward sense; mind; understanding; conscience. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Inwith

In*with" (?), prep. Within. [Obs.]
This purse hath she inwith her bosom hid. Chaucer.

Inwork

In*work" (?), v. t. & i. [Pref. in- + work. Cf. Inwrought.] To work in or within.

Itworn

It"worn` (?), p. a. Worn, wrought, or stamped in. [R.] Milton.

Inwrap

In*wrap" (?), v. t. [Written also enwrap.]

1. To cover by wrapping; to involve; to infold; as, to inwrap in a cloak, in smoke, etc.

2. To involve, as in difficulty or perplexity; to perplex. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Inwreathe

In*wreathe" (?), v. t. To surround or encompass as with a wreath. [Written also enwreathe.]
Resplendent locks, inwreathed with beams. Milton.

Inwrought

In*wrought" (?), p. p. ∨ a. [Pref. in- + wrought. Cf. Inwork.] Wrought or worked in or among other things; worked into any fabric so as to from a part of its texture; wrought or adorned, as with figures.
His mantle hairy, and his bonnet sedge, Inwrought with figures dim. Milton.

Io

I"o (?), n.; pl. Ios (#). [L.; cf. Gr. "iw`.] An exclamation of joy or triumph; -- often interjectional.

Iod-

I"od- (?). (Chem.) See Iodo-.

Iodal

I"o*dal (?), n. [Iod- + alcohol.] (Chem.) An oily liquid, Cl3.CHO, analogous to chloral and bromal.

Iodate

I"o*date (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of iodic acid.

Iodhydrin

I`od*hy"drin (?), n. [Iod- + chlorhydrin.] (Chem.) One of a series of compounds containing iodine, and analogous to the chlorhydrins.

Iodic

I*od"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. iodique. See Iodine.] (Chem.) to, or containing, iodine; specif., denoting those compounds in which it has a relatively high valence; as, iodic acid. Iodic acid, a monobasic acid, consisting of iodine with three parts of oxygen and one of hydrogen.

Iodide

I"o*dide (?), n. (Chem.) A binary compound of iodine, or one which may be regarded as binary; as, potassium iodide.

Iodine

I"o*dine (?; 104), n. [Gr. iode, iodine. The name was given from the violet color of its vapor. See Violet, Idyl.] (Chem.) A nonmetallic element, of the halogen group, occurring always in combination, as in the iodides. When isolated it is in the form of dark gray metallic scales, resembling plumbago, soft but brittle, and emitting a chlorinelike odor. Symbol I. Atomic weight 126.5. If heated, iodine volatilizes in beautiful violet vapors. &hand; Iodine was formerly obtained from the ashes of seaweed (kelp or varec), but is now also extracted from certain natural brines. In the free state, iodine, even in very minute quantities, colors starch blue. Iodine and its compounds are largely used in medicine (as in liniments, antisyphilitics, etc.), in photography, in the preparation of aniline dyes, and as an indicator in titration. Iodine green, an artificial green dyestuff, consisting of an iodine derivative of rosaniline; -- called also night green. -- Iodine scarlet, a pigment of an intense scarlet color, consisting of mercuric iodide. -- Iodine yellow, a brilliant yellow pigment, consisting of plumbic iodide.

Iodism

I"o*dism (?), n. (Med.) A morbid state produced by the use of iodine and its compounds, and characterized by palpitation, depression, and general emaciation, with a pustular eruption upon the skin.

Iodize

I"o*dize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Iodized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Iodizing (?).] To treat or impregnate with iodine or its compounds; as, to iodize a plate for photography. R. Hunt. <-- iodized salt = table salt to which an iodide compound has been added as a nutritional supplement to prevent goiter -->

Iodizer

I"o*di`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, iodizes.

Iodo-, Iod-

I"o*do- (?), I"od- (?). (Chem.) A prefix, or combining from, indicating iodine as an ingredient; as, iodoform.

Iodoform

I*od"o*form (?), n. [Iodo- + formyl. See Formyl, and cf. Chloroform.] (Chem.) A yellow, crystalline, volatile substance, CI3H, having an offensive odor and sweetish taste, and analogous to chloroform. It is used in medicine as a healing and antiseptic dressing for wounds and sores.

Iodoquinine

I`o*do*qui"nine (?), n. [Iodo- + quinine.] (Chem.) A iodide of quinine obtained as a brown substance,. It is the base of herapathite. See Herapathite.

Iodous

I"o*dous (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, iodine. See -ous (chemical suffix). Iodous acid, a hypothetical acid, analogous to chlorous acid.

Ioduret

I*od"u*ret (?), n. (Chem.) Iodide. [Obs.]

Iodyrite

I*od"y*rite (?), n. [From Iodine.] (Min.) Silver iodide, a mineral of a yellowish color.

Iolite

I"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A silicate of alumina, iron, and magnesia, having a bright blue color and vitreous luster; cordierite. It is remarkable for its dichroism, and is also called dichroite.

Io moth

I"o moth` (?; 115). (Zo\'94l.) A large and handsome American moth (Hyperchiria Io), having a large, bright-colored spot on each hind wing, resembling the spots on the tail of a peacock. The larva is covered with prickly hairs, which sting like nettles.

-ion

-ion (?; 106). [L. -io, acc. -ionem: cf. F. -ion.] A noun suffix denoting act, process, result of an act or a process, thing acted upon, state, or condition; as, revolution, the act or process of revolving; construction, the act or process of constructing; a thing constructed; dominion, territory ruled over; subjection, state of being subject; dejection; abstraction.

Ion

I"on (?), n. [Gr. (Elec. Chem.) One of the elements which appear at the respective poles when a body is subjected to electro-chemical decomposition. Cf. Anion, Cation. <-- an atom or goup of atoms (radical) carrying an electrical charge. Contrasted with neutral atoms or molecules, and free radicals. Certain compounds, such as sodium chloride, are composed of complementary ions in the solid (crystalline) as well as in solution. Others, notable acids such as hydrogen chloride, may occur as neutral molecules in the pure liquid or gas forms, and ionize almost completely in dilute aqueous solutions. In solutions (as in water) ions are frequently bound non-covalently with the molecules of solvent, and in that case are said to be solvated. -->

Ionian

I*o"ni*an (?), a. [L. Ionius. See Ionic.] Of or pertaining to Ionia or the Ionians; Ionic. -- n. A native or citizen of Ionia.

Ionic

I*on"ic (?), a. [L. Ionicus, Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to Ionia or the Ionians.

2. (Arch.) Pertaining to the Ionic order of architecture, one of the three orders invented by the Greeks, and one of the five recognized by the Italian writers of the sixteenth century. Its distinguishing feature is a capital with spiral volutes. See Illust. of Capital. Ionic dialect (Gr. Gram.), a dialect of the Greek language, used in Ionia. The Homeric poems are written in what is designated old Ionic, as distinguished from new Ionic, or Attic, the dialect of all cultivated Greeks in the period of Athenian prosperity and glory. -- Ionic foot. (Pros.) See Ionic, n., 1. -- Ionic, ∨ Ionian, mode (Mus.), an ancient mode, supposed to correspond with the modern major scale of C. -- Ionic sect, a sect of philosophers founded by Thales of Miletus, in Ionia. Their distinguishing tenet was, that water is the original principle of all things. -- Ionic type, a kind of heavy-faced type (as that of the following line). &hand;This is Nonpareil Ionic. <--

Ionic

Ionic a. Of or pertaining to an ion; composed of ions. -->

Ionic

I*on"ic, n.

1. (Pros.) (a) A foot consisting of four syllables: either two long and two short, -- that is, a spondee and a pyrrhic, in which case it is called the greater Ionic; or two short and two long, -- that is, a pyrrhic and a spondee, in which case it is called the smaller Ionic. (b) A verse or meter composed or consisting of Ionic feet.

2. The Ionic dialect; as, the Homeric Ionic.

3. (Print.) Ionic type.

Ionidium

I`o*nid"i*um (?), n. [NL. Cf. Iodine.] (Bot.) A genus of violaceous plants, chiefly found in tropical America, some species of which are used as substitutes for ipecacuanha.

Ioqua shell

I"o*qua shell` (?). [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The shell of a large Dentalium (D. pretiosum), formerly used as shell money, and for ornaments, by the Indians of the west coast of North America.

Iota

I*o"ta (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Jot.]

1. The ninth letter of the Greek alphabet (ι) corresponding with the English i.

2. A very small quantity or degree; a jot; a particle.<-- from iota being the smallest letter -->

They never depart an iota from the authentic formulas of tyranny and usurpation. Burke.
Iota subscript (Gr. Gram.), iota written beneath a preceding vowel, as a,, h,, w,, -- done when iota is silent.<-- we use a following comma to represent the iota subscript within Greek transcriptions. See the "readme.fnt" file for complete description of Greek transliterations. -->

Iotacism

I*o"ta*cism (?), n. [Gr. iotacisme. See Iota.] The frequent use of the sound of iota (that of English e in be), as among the modern Greeks; also, confusion from sounding Littr\'82.

I O U

I O U (?). [i. e., I owe you.] A paper having on it these letters, with a sum named, and duly signed; -- in use in England as an acknowledgment of a debt, and taken as evidence thereof, but not amounting to a promissory note; a due bill. Wharton. Story.

Iowas

I"o*was (?), n. pl.; sing. Iowa. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians which formerly occupied the region now included in the State of Iowa.

Ipecac

Ip"e*cac (?), n. An abbreviation of Ipecacuanha, and in more frequent use.

Ipecacuanha

Ip`e*cac`u*an"ha (?), n. [Pg. ipecacuanha (cf. Sp. ipecacuana); fr. Braz. ipe-kaa-guena, prop., a creeping plant that causes vomiting.] (Med. & Bot.) The root of a Brazilian rubiaceous herb (Cepha\'89lis Ipecacuanha), largely employed as an emetic; also, the plant itself; also, a medicinal extract of the root. Many other plants are used as a substitutes; among them are the black or Peruvian ipecac (Psychotria emetica), the white ipecac (Ionidium Ipecacuanha), the bastard or wild ipecac (Asclepias Curassavica), and the undulated ipecac (Richardsonia scabra).

Ipocras

Ip"o*cras (?), n. Hippocras. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ipom\'d2a

Ip`o*m\'d2"a (?), n. [NL. "Named, according to Linn\'91us, from Gr. 'i`ps, 'ipo`s, a bindweed [which it is not] , and Gray
.] (Bot.) A genus of twining plants with showy monopetalous flowers, including the morning-glory, the sweet potato, and the cypress vine.

Ipom\'d2ic

Ip`o*m\'d2"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the oxidation of convolvulin (obtained from jalap, the tubers of Ipom\'d2a purga), and identical in most of its properties with sebacic acid.

Ir-

Ir- (?). A form of the prefix in-. See In-.

Iracund

I"ra*cund (?), a. [L. iracundus, fr. ira anger.] Irascible; choleric. "Iracund people." Carlyle.

Irade

I*ra"de (&esl;*r&aum;"d&asl;), n. [Turk.] A decree of the Sultan.

Iran

I`ran" (&emac;`r&aum;n"), n. [Mod. Persian Ir\'ben. Cf. Aryan.] The native name of Persia.

Iranian

I*ra"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Iran. -- n. A native of Iran; also, the Iranian or Persian language, a division of the Aryan family of languages.

Iranic

I*ran"ic (?), a. Iranian.

Irascibility

I*ras`ci*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. irascibilit\'82.] The quality or state of being irascible; irritability of temper; irascibleness.

Irascible

I*ras"ci*ble (?), a. [L. irascibilis, fr. irasci to be angry, ira anger: cf. F. irascible. See Ire.] Prone to anger; easily provoked or inflamed to anger; choleric; irritable; as, an irascible man; an irascible temper or mood. -- I*ras"ci*ble*ness, n. -- I*ras"ci*bly, adv.

Irate

I*rate" (?), a. [L. iratus, fr. irasci to be angry. See Ire.] Angry; incensed; enraged. [Recent]
The irate colonel . . . stood speechless. Thackeray.
Mr. Jaggers suddenly became most irate. Dickens.

Ire

Ire (?), n. [F., fr. L. ira.] Anger; wrath. [Poet.] Syn. -- Anger; passion; rage; fury. See Anger.

Ireful

Ire"ful (?), a. Full of ire; angry; wroth. "The ireful bastard Orleans." Shak. -- Ire"ful*ly, adv.

Irefulness

Ire"ful*ness, n. Wrathfulness. Wyclif.

Irenarch

I"re*narch (?), n. [L. irenarcha, irenarches, Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) An officer in the Greek empire having functions corresponding to those of a justice of the peace. [Written also eirenarch.]

Irenic, Irenical

I*ren"ic (?), I*ren"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Fitted or designed to promote peace; pacific; conciliatory; peaceful. Bp. Hall.

Irenicon

I*ren"i*con (?), n. [NL., from Gr. A proposition or device for securing peace, especially in the church. South.

Irenics

I*ren"ics (?), n. (Eccl.) That branch of Christian science which treats of the methods of securing unity among Christians or harmony and union among the churches; -- called also Irenical theology. Schaff-Herzog.

Irestone

Ire"stone` (?), n. (Mining) Any very hard rock.

Irian

I"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the iris. "Irian nerves." Dunglison.

Iricism

I"ri*cism (?), n. Irishism. [R.] Jeffrey.

Iridaceous, Irideous

Ir`i*da"ceous (?), I*rid"e*ous (?), a. [From NL. Iris, Iridis, the Iris.] (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a large natural order of endogenous plants (Iridace\'91), which includes the genera Iris, Ixia, Crocus, Gladiolus, and many others.

Iridal

I"ri*dal (?; 277), a. [L. iris, iridis, rainbow. See Iris.] Of or pertaining to the iris or rainbow; prismatic; as, the iridal colors. Whewell.

Iridectomy

Ir`i*dec"to*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) The act or process of cutting out a portion of the iris in order to form an artificial pupil.

Iridescence

Ir`i*des"cence (?), n. [See Iridescent.] Exhibition of colors like those of the rainbow; the quality or state of being iridescent; a prismatic play of color; as, the iridescence of mother-of-pearl.

Iridescent

Ir`i*des"cent (?; 277), a. [L. iris, iridis, the rainbow: cf. F. iridescent.] Having colors like the rainbow; exhibiting a play of changeable colors; nacreous; prismatic; as, iridescent glass.

Iridian

I*rid"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the iris or rainbow.

Iridiated

I*rid"i*a`ted (?), a. Iridescent.

Iridic

I*rid"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the iris of the eye.

Iridic

I*rid"ic, a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to iridium; -- said specifically of those compounds in which iridium has a relatively high valence.

Iridioscope

I*rid"i*o*scope (?), n. [See Iris, and -scope.] A kind of ophthalmoscope.

Iridious

I*rid"i*ous (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to iridium; -- applied specifically to compounds in which iridium has a low valence.
Page 788

Iridium

I*rid"i*um (?), n. [NL., fr. L. iris, iridis, the rainbow. So called from the iridescence of some of its solutions. See Iris.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element, of the same group as platinum, which it much resembles, being silver-white, but harder, and brittle, and indifferent to most corrosive agents. With the exception of osmium, it is the heaviest substance known, its specific gravity being 22.4. Symbol Ir. Atomic weight 192.5. &hand; Iridium usually occurs as a native alloy with osmium (iridosmine or osmiridium), which may occur alone or with platinum. Iridium, as an alloy with platinum, is used in bushing the vents of heavy ordnance. It is also used for the points of gold pens, and in a finely powdered condition (iridium black), for painting porcelain black.

Iridize

Ir"i*dize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Iridized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Iridizing (?).]

1. To point or tip with iridium, as a gold pen.

2. To make iridescent; as, to iridize glass.

Iridoline

I*rid"o*line (?), n. [Iridescent + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous base C10H9N, extracted from coal-tar naphtha, as an oily liquid. It is a member of the quinoline series, and is probably identical with lepidine.

Iridosmine, Iridosmium

Ir`i*dos"mine (?), Ir`i*dos"mi*um (?), n. [Iridium + osmium.] (Min.) The native compound of iridium and osmium. It is found in flattened metallic grains of extreme hardness, and is often used for pointing gold pens.

Iris

I"ris (?), n.; pl. E. Irises (#), L. Irides (#). [L. iris, iridis, the goddess, Gr. Orris.]

1. (Class. Myth.) The goddess of the rainbow, and swift-footed messenger of the gods. Shak.

2. The rainbow. Sir T. Browne.

3. An appearance resembling the rainbow; a prismatic play of colors. Tennyson.

4. (Anat.) The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil, and forming the colored portion of the eye. See Eye.

5. (Bot.) A genus of plants having showy flowers and bulbous or tuberous roots, of which the flower-de-luce (fleur-de-lis), orris, and other species of flag are examples. See Illust. of Flower-de-luce.

6. (Her.) See Fleur-de-lis, 2.

Irisated

I"ris*a`ted (?), a. [See Iris.] Exhibiting the prismatic colors; irised; iridescent. W. Phillips.

Iriscope

I"ri*scope (?), n. [Iris + -scope.] A philosophical toy for exhibiting the prismatic tints by means of thin films.

Irised

I"rised (?), a. [See Iris.] Having colors like those of the rainbow; iridescent. Holmes.

Irish

I"rish (?), a. [AS. , fr. the Irish. Cf. Aryan, Erse.] Of or pertaining to Ireland or to its inhabitants; produced in Ireland. Irish elk. (Zo\'94l.) See under Elk. -- Irish moss. (a) (Bot.) Carrageen. (b) A preparation of the same made into a blanc mange. -- Irish poplin. See Poplin. -- Irish potato, the ordinary white potato, so called because it is a favorite article of food in Ireland. -- Irish reef, ∨ Irishman's reef (Naut.), the head of a sail tied up. -- Irish stew, meat, potatoes, and onions, cut in small pieces and stewed.

Irish

I*rish", n. sing. & pl.

1. pl. The natives or inhabitants of Ireland, esp. the Celtic natives or their descendants.

2. The language of the Irish; the Hiberno-Celtic.

3. An old game resembling backgammon.

Irishism

I*rish"*ism (?), n. A mode of speaking peculiar to the Irish; an Hibernicism.

Irishman

I"rish*man (?), n.; pl. Irishmen (. A man born in Ireland or of the Irish race; an Hibernian. Irishman's hurricane (Naut.), a dead calm. -- Irishman's reef. (Naut.) See Irish reef, under Irish, a.

Irishry

I"rish*ry (?), n. The Celtic people of Ireland. "The whole Irishry of rebels." Milton.

Iritis

I*ri"tis (?), n. [NL. See Iris, and -itis.] (Med.) An inflammation of the iris of the eye.

Irk

Irk (?), v. t. [OE. irken to tire, become tired; cf. Sw. yrka to urge, enforce, press, or G. ekel disgust, MHG. erklich disgusting; perh. akin to L. urgere to urge, E. urge.] To weary; to give pain; to annoy; -- used only impersonally at present.
To see this sight, it irks my very soul. Shak.
It irketh him to be here. M. Arnold.

Irksome

Irk"some (?), a.

1. Wearisome; tedious; disagreeable or troublesome by reason of long continuance or repetition; as, irksome hours; irksome tasks.

For not to irksome toil, but to delight, He made us. Milton.

2. Weary; vexed; uneasy. [Obs.]

Let us therefore learn not to be irksome when God layeth his cross upon us. Latimer.
Syn. -- Wearisome; tedious; tiresome; vexatious; burdensome. -- Irksome, Wearisome, Tedious. These epithets describe things which give pain or disgust. Irksome is applied to something which disgusts by its nature or quality; as, an irksome task. Wearisome denotes that which wearies or wears us out by severe labor; as, wearisome employment. Tedious is applied to something which tires us out by the length of time occupied in its performance; as, a tedious speech.
Wearisome nights are appointed to me. Job vii. 3.
Pity only on fresh objects stays, But with the tedious sight of woes decays. Dryden.
-- Irk"some*ly, adv. -- Irk"some*ness, n.

Iron

I"ron (?), n. [OE. iren, AS. \'c6ren, \'c6sen, \'c6sern; akin to D. ijzer, OS. \'c6sarn, OHG. \'c6sarn, \'c6san, G. eisen, Icel. \'c6sarn, j\'bern, Sw. & Dan. jern, and perh. to E. ice; cf. Ir. iarann, W. haiarn, Armor. houarn.]

1. (Chem.) The most common and most useful metallic element, being of almost universal occurrence, usually in the form of an oxide (as hematite, magnetite, etc.), or a hydrous oxide (as limonite, turgite, etc.). It is reduced on an enormous scale in three principal forms; viz., cast iron, steel, and wrought iron. Iron usually appears dark brown, from oxidation or impurity, but when pure, or an fresh surface, is a gray or white metal. It is easily oxidized (rusted) by moisture, and is attacked by many corrosive agents. Symbol Fe (Latin Ferrum). Atomic weight 55.9. Specific gravity, pure iron, 7.86; cast iron, 7.1. In magnetic properties, it is superior to all other substances. &hand; The value of iron is largely due to the facility with which it can be worked. Thus, when heated it is malleable and ductile, and can be easily welded and forged at a high temperature. As cast iron, it is easily fusible; as steel, is very tough, and (when tempered) very hard and elastic. Chemically, iron is grouped with cobalt and nickel. Steel is a variety of iron containing more carbon than wrought iron, but less that cast iron. It is made either from wrought iron, by roasting in a packing of carbon (cementation) or from cast iron, by burning off the impurities in a Bessemer converter (then called Bessemer steel), or directly from the iron ore (as in the Siemens rotatory and generating furnace).

2. An instrument or utensil made of iron; -- chiefly in composition; as, a flatiron, a smoothing iron, etc.

My young soldier, put up your iron. Shak.

3. pl. Fetters; chains; handcuffs; manacles.

Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons. Macaulay.

4. Strength; power; firmness; inflexibility; as, to rule with a rod of iron. Bar iron. See Wrought iron (below). -- Bog iron, bog ore; limonite. See Bog ore, under Bog. -- Cast iron (Metal.), an impure variety of iron, containing from three to six percent of carbon, part of which is united with a part of the iron, as a carbide, and the rest is uncombined, as graphite. It there is little free carbon, the product is white iron; if much of the carbon has separated as graphite, it is called gray iron. See also Cast iron, in the Vocabulary. -- Fire irons. See under Fire, n. -- Gray irons. See under Fire, n. -- Gray iron. See Cast iron (above). -- It irons (Naut.), said of a sailing vessel, when, in tacking, she comes up head to the wind and will not fill away on either tack. -- Magnetic iron. See Magnetite. -- Malleable iron (Metal.), iron sufficiently pure or soft to be capable of extension under the hammer; also, specif., a kind of iron produced by removing a portion of the carbon or other impurities from cast iron, rendering it less brittle, and to some extent malleable. -- Meteoric iron (Chem.), iron forming a large, and often the chief, ingredient of meteorites. It invariably contains a small amount of nickel and cobalt. Cf. Meteorite. -- Pig iron, the form in which cast iron is made at the blast furnace, being run into molds, called pigs. -- Reduced iron. See under Reduced. -- Specular iron. See Hematite. -- Too many irons in the fire, too many objects requiring the attention at once. -- White iron. See Cast iron (above). -- Wrought iron (Metal.), the purest form of iron commonly known in the arts, containing only about half of one per cent of carbon. It is made either directly from the ore, as in the Catalan forge or bloomery, or by purifying (puddling) cast iron in a reverberatory furnace or refinery. It is tough, malleable, and ductile. When formed into bars, it is called bar iron.

Iron

I"ron (?), a. [AS. \'c6ren, \'c6sen. See Iron, n.]

1. Of, or made of iron; consisting of iron; as, an iron bar, dust.

2. Resembling iron in color; as, iron blackness.

3. Like iron in hardness, strength, impenetrability, power of endurance, insensibility, etc.; as: (a) Rude; hard; harsh; severe.

Iron years of wars and dangers. Rowe.
Jove crushed the nations with an iron rod. Pope.
(b) Firm; robust; enduring; as, an iron constitution. (c) Inflexible; unrelenting; as, an iron will. (d) Not to be broken; holding or binding fast; tenacious. "Him death's iron sleep oppressed." Philips. &hand; Iron is often used in composition, denoting made of iron, relating to iron, of or with iron; producing iron, etc.; resembling iron, literally or figuratively, in some of its properties or characteristics; as, iron-shod, iron-sheathed, iron-fisted, iron-framed, iron-handed, iron-hearted, iron foundry or iron-foundry. Iron age. (a) (Myth.) The age following the golden, silver, and bronze ages, and characterized by a general degeneration of talent and virtue, and of literary excellence. In Roman literature the Iron Age is commonly regarded as beginning after the taking of Rome by the Goths, A. D. 410. (b) (Arch\'91ol.) That stage in the development of any people characterized by the use of iron implements in the place of the more cumbrous stone and bronze. -- Iron cement, a cement for joints, composed of cast-iron borings or filings, sal ammoniac, etc. -- Iron clay (Min.), a yellowish clay containing a large proportion of an ore of iron. -- Iron cross, a Prussian order of military merit; also, the decoration of the order. -- Iron crown, a golden crown set with jewels, belonging originally to the Lombard kings, and indicating the dominion of Italy. It was so called from containing a circle said to have been forged from one of the nails in the cross of Christ. -- Iron flint (Min.), an opaque, flintlike, ferruginous variety of quartz. -- Iron founder, a maker of iron castings. -- Iron foundry, the place where iron castings are made. -- Iron furnace, a furnace for reducing iron from the ore, or for melting iron for castings, etc.; a forge; a reverberatory; a bloomery. -- Iron glance (Min.), hematite. -- Iron hat, a headpiece of iron or steel, shaped like a hat with a broad brim, and used as armor during the Middle Ages. -- Iron horse, a locomotive engine. [Colloq.] -- Iron liquor, a solution of an iron salt, used as a mordant by dyers. -- Iron man (Cotton Manuf.), a name for the self-acting spinning mule. -- Iron mold ∨ mould, a yellow spot on cloth stained by rusty iron. -- Iron ore (Min.), any native compound of iron from which the metal may be profitably extracted. The principal ores are magnetite, hematite, siderite, limonite, G\'94thite, turgite, and the bog and clay iron ores. -- Iron pyrites (Min.), common pyrites, or pyrite. See Pyrites. -- Iron sand, an iron ore in grains, usually the magnetic iron ore, formerly used to sand paper after writing. -- Iron scale, the thin film which on the surface of wrought iron in the process of forging. It consists essentially of the magnetic oxide of iron, Fe3O4>. -- Iron works, a furnace where iron is smelted, or a forge, rolling mill, or foundry, where it is made into heavy work, such as shafting, rails, cannon, merchant bar, etc.

Iron

I"ron, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ironed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ironing.]

1. To smooth with an instrument of iron; especially, to smooth, as cloth, with a heated flatiron; -- sometimes used with out.

2. To shackle with irons; to fetter or handcuff. "Ironed like a malefactor." Sir W. Scott.

3. To furnish or arm with iron; as, to iron a wagon. <-- iron out differences = resolve differences; settle a dispute. -->

Ironbark tree

I"ron*bark` tree` (?). (Bot.) The Australian Eucalyptus Sideroxylon, used largely by carpenters and shipbuilders; -- called also ironwood.

Ironbound

I"ron*bound` (?), a.

1. Bound as with iron; rugged; as, an ironbound coast.

2. Rigid; unyielding; as, ironbound traditions.

Iron-cased

I"ron-cased` (?), a. Cased or covered with iron, as a vessel; ironclad.

Ironclad

I"ron*clad` (?), a.

1. Clad in iron; protected or covered with iron, as a vessel for naval warfare.

2. Rigorous; severe; exacting; as, an ironclad oath or pledge. [Colloq.]

Ironclad

I"ron*clad`, n. A naval vessel having the parts above water covered and protected by iron or steel usually in large plates closely joined and made sufficiently thick and strong to resist heavy shot.

Ironer

I"ron*er (?), n. One who, or that which, irons.

Iron-fisted

I"ron-fist`ed (?), a. Closefisted; stingy; mean.

Iron-gray

I"ron-gray` (?), a. Of a gray color, somewhat resembling that of iron freshly broken. -- n. An iron-gray color; also, a horse of this color.

Ironheads

I"ron*heads` (?), n. (Bot.) A European composite herb (Centaurea nigra); -- so called from the resemblance of its knobbed head to an iron ball fixed on a long handle. Dr. Prior.

Iron-hearted

I"ron-heart`ed (?), a. Hard-hearted; unfeeling; cruel; as, an iron-hearted master. Cowper.

Ironic

I*ron"ic (?), a. Ironical. Sir T. Herbert.

Ironical

I*ron"ic*al (?), a. [LL. ironicus, Gr. ironique. See Irony.]

1. Pertaining to irony; containing, expressing, or characterized by, irony; as, an ironical remark.

2. Addicted to the use of irony; given to irony. -- I*ron"ic*al*ly, adv. -- I*ron"ic*al*ness, n.

Ironing

I"ron*ing (?), n.

1. The act or process of smoothing, as clothes, with hot flatirons.

2. The clothes ironed. Ironing board, a flat board, upon which clothes are laid being ironed.

Ironish

I"ron*ish, a. Resembling iron, as in taste. Wood.

Ironist

I"ron*ist (?), n. One who uses irony.

Ironmaster

I"ron*mas`ter (?), n. A manufacturer of iron, or large dealer therein. Bp. Hurd.

Ironmonger

I"ron*mon`ger (?), n. A dealer in iron or hardware.

Ironmongery

I"ron*mon`ger*y (?), n. Hardware; a general name for all articles made of iron. Gwilt.

Iron-sick

I"ron-sick` (?), a. (Naut.) Having the ironwork loose or corroded; -- said of a ship when her bolts and nails are so eaten with rust that she has become leaky.

Iron-sided

I"ron-sid`ed (?), a. Having iron sides, or very firm sides.

Ironsides

I"ron*sides" (?), n. A cuirassier or cuirassiers; also, hardy veteran soldiers; -- applied specifically to Cromwell's cavalry. <-- Old Ironsides. The U.S.S. Constitution, a ship which fought in the American Revolutionary war, and now functions as a museum in Boston harbor. -->

Ironsmith

I"ron*smith` (?), n.

1. A worker in iron; one who makes and repairs utensils of iron; a blacksmith.

2. (Zo\'94l.) An East Indian barbet (Megalaima faber), inhabiting the Island of Hainan. The name alludes to its note, which resembles the sounds made by a smith.

Ironstone

I"ron*stone` (?), n. A hard, earthy ore of iron. Clay ironstone. See under Clay. -- Ironstone china, a hard white pottery, first made in England during the 18th century.

Ironware

I"ron*ware` (?), n. Articles made of iron, as household utensils, tools, and the like.

Ironweed

I"ron*weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A tall weed with purplish flowers (Vernonia Noveboracensis). The name is also applied to other plants of the same genus.

Ironwood

I"ron*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) A tree unusually hard, strong, or heavy wood. &hand; In the United States, the hornbeam and the hop hornbeam are so called; also the Olneya Tesota, a small tree of Arizona; in the West Indies, the Erythroxylon areolatum, and several other unrelated trees; in China, the Metrosideros vera; in India, the Mesua ferrea, and two species of Inga; in Australia, the Eucalyptus Sideroxylon, and in many countries, species of Sideroxylon and Diospyros, and many other trees.

Ironwork

I"ron*work` (?), n. Anything made of iron; -- a general name of such parts or pieces of a building, vessel, carriage, etc., as consist of iron.

Iron works

I"ron works`. See under Iron, a.

Ironwort

I"ron*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) An herb of the Mint family (Sideritis), supposed to heal sword cuts; also, a species of Galeopsis.

Irony

I"ron*y (?), a. [From Iron.]

1. Made or consisting of iron; partaking of iron; iron; as, irony chains; irony particles. [R.] <-- in this sense iron is more common. --> Woodward.

2. Resembling iron taste, hardness, or other physical property.

Irony

I"ron*y (?), n.[L. ironia, Gr. word: cf. F. ironie.]

1. Dissimulation; ignorance feigned for the purpose of confounding or provoking an antagonist.

2. A sort of humor, ridicule, or light sarcasm, which adopts a mode of speech the meaning of which is contrary to the literal sense of the words.

Iroquois

Ir`o*quois" (?), n. sing. & pl. [F.] (Ethnol.) A powerful and warlike confederacy of Indian tribes, formerly inhabiting Central New York and constituting most of the Five Nations. Also, any Indian of the Iroquois tribes.

Irous

I"rous (?), a. [OF. iros, from ire. See Ire.] Irascible; passionate. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Irp, Irpe

Irp, Irpe (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A fantastic grimace or contortion of the body. [Obs.]
Smirks and irps and all affected humors. B. Jonson
.
Page 789

Irp

Irp (?), a. Making irps. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Irradiance, Irradiancy

Ir*ra"di*ance (?), Ir*ra"di*an*cy (?), n. [From Irradiant.]

1. The act of irradiating; emission of rays of light.

2. That which irradiates or is irradiated; luster; splendor; irradiation; brilliancy. Milton.

Irradiant

Ir*ra"di*ant (?), a. [L. irradians, -antis, p. pr. See Irradiate.] Irradiating or illuminating; as, the irradiant moon. Boyse.

Irradiate

Ir*ra"di*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Irradiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Irradiating (?).] [L. irradiatus, p. p. of irradiate. See In- in, and Radiate.]

1. To throw rays of light upon; to illuminate; to brighten; to adorn with luster.

Thy smile irradiates yon blue fields. Sir W. Jones.

2. To enlighten intellectually; to illuminate; as, to irradiate the mind. Bp. Bull.

3. To animate by heat or light. Sir M. Hale.

4. To radiate, shed, or diffuse.

A splendid fairradiating hospitality. H. James.

Irradiate

Ir*ra"di*ate, v. i. To emit rays; to shine.

Irradiate

Ir*ra"di*ate (?), a. [L. irradiatus, p. p.] Illuminated; irradiated. Mason.

Irradiation

Ir*ra`di*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. irradiation.]

1. Act of irradiating, or state of being irradiated.

2. Illumination; irradiance; brilliancy. Sir W. Scott.

3. Fig.: Mental light or illumination. Sir M. Hale.

4. (Opt.) The apparent enlargement of a bright object seen upon a dark ground, due to the fact that the portions of the retina around the image are stimulated by the intense light; as when a dark spot on a white ground appears smaller, or a white spot on a dark ground larger, than it really is, esp. when a little out of focus.

Irradicate

Ir*rad"i*cate (?), v. t. To root deeply. [R.]

Irrational

Ir*ra"tion*al (?), a. [L. irrationalis: cf. F. irrationnel. See In- not, and Rational.]

1. Not rational; void of reason or understanding; as, brutes are irrational animals.

2. Not according to reason; absurd; foolish.

It seemed utterly irrational any longer to maintain it. I. Taylor.

3. (Math.) Not capable of being exactly expressed by an integral number, or by a vulgar fraction; surd; -- said especially of roots. See Surd. Syn. -- Absurd; foolish; preposterous; unreasonable; senseless. See Absurd.

Irrationality

Ir*ra`tion*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being irrational. "Brutish irrationaliity." South.

Irrationally

Ir*ra"tion*al*ly (?), adv. In an irrational manner. Boyle.

Irrationalness

Ir*ra"tion*al*ness, n. Irrationality.

Irrebuttable

Ir`re*but"ta*ble (?), a. Incapable of being rebutted. Coleridge.

Irreceptive

Ir`re*cep"tive (?), a. Not receiving; incapable of receiving.

Irreclaimable

Ir`re*claim"a*ble (?), a. Incapable of being reclaimed. Addison. -- Ir`re*claim"a*bly, ad

Irrecognition

Ir*rec`og*ni"tion (?), n. [Pref. in- not + recognition.] A failure to recognize; absence of recognition. Lamb.

Irrecognizable

Ir*rec"og*ni`za*ble (?; 277), a. Not recognizable. Carlyle.

Irreconcilability

Ir*rec`on*ci`la*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being irreconcilable; irreconcilableness.

Irreconcilable

Ir*rec"on*ci`la*ble (?; 277), a. [Pref. ir- not + reconcilable: cf. F. irr\'82conciliable.] Not reconcilable; implacable; incompatible; inconsistent; disagreeing; as, irreconcilable enemies, statements. -- Ir*rec"on*ci`la*ble*ness, n. -- Ir*rec"on*ci`la*bly, adv.

Irreconcile

Ir*rec"on*cile` (?), v. t. To prevent from being reconciled; to alienate or disaffect. [Obs.]

Irreconcilement

Ir*rec"on*cile`ment (?), n. The state or quality of being unreconciled; disagreement.

Irreconciliation

Ir*rec`on*cil`i*a"tion (?), n. Want of reconciliation; disagreement.

Irrecordable

Ir`re*cord"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. ir-- not + record: cf. L. irrecordabilis not to be remembered.] Not fit or possible to be recorded.

Irrecoverable

Ir`re*cov"er*a*ble (?), a. Not capable of being recovered, regained, or remedied; irreparable; as, an irrecoverable loss, debt, or injury.
That which is past is gone and irrecoverable. Bacon.
Syn. -- Irreparable; irretrievable; irremediable; unalterable; incurable; hopeless. -- Ir`re*cov"er*a*ble*ness, n. -- Ir`re*cov"er*a*bly, adv.

Irrecuperable

Ir`re*cu"per*a*ble (?), a. [L. irrecuperabilis: cf. OF. irrecuperable. See In- not, and Recuperate.] Irrecoverable. -- Ir`re*cu"per*a*bly, adv.

Irrecured

Ir`re*cured" (?), a. Incurable. [Obs.]

Irrecusable

Ir`re*cu"sa*ble (?), a. [L. irrecusabilis; pref. ir-- not + recusabilis that should be rejected, fr. recusare to reject: cf. F. irr\'82cusable.] Not liable to exception or rejection. Sir W. Hamilton.

Irredeemability

Ir`re*deem`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being irredeemable; irredeemableness.

Irredeemable

Ir`re*deem"a*ble (?), a. Not redeemable; that can not be redeemed; not payable in gold or silver, as a bond; -- used especially of such government notes, issued as currency, as are not convertible into coin at the pleasure of the holder. -- Ir`re*deem"a*ble*ness, adv.

Irreducibility

Ir`re*du`ci*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being irreducible.

Irreducible

Ir`re*du"ci*ble (?), a.

1. Incapable of being reduced, or brought into a different state; incapable of restoration to its proper or normal condition; as, an irreducible hernia.

2. (Math.) Incapable of being reduced to a simpler form of expression; as, an irreducible formula. Irreducible case (Alg.), a particular case in the solution of a cubic equation, in which the formula commonly employed contains an imaginary quantity, and therefore fails in its application. -- Ir`re*du"ci*ble*ness, n. -- -- Ir`re*du"ci*bly, adv.

Irreflection

Ir`re*flec"tion (?), n. Want of reflection.

Irreflective

Ir`re*flect"ive (?), a. Not reflective. De Quincey.

Irrefromable

Ir`re*from"a*ble (?), a. Incapable of being reformed; incorrigible. Joseph Cook.

Irrefragability

Ir*ref`ra*ga*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being irrefragable; incapability of being refuted.

Irrefragable

Ir*ref"ra*ga*ble (?), a. [F. irr\'82fragable, L. irrefragabilis. See Refragable.] Not refragable; not to be gainsaid or denied; not to be refuted or overthrown; unanswerable; incontestable; undeniable; as, an irrefragable argument; irrefragable evidence. -- Ir*ref"ra*ga*ble*ness, n. -- Ir*ref"ra*ga*bly, adv. Syn. -- Incontrovertible; unanswerable; indisputable; unquestionable; incontestable; indubitable; undeniable; irrefutable.

Irrefrangibility

Ir`re*fran`gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being irrefrangible; irrefrangibleness.

Irrefrangible

Ir`re*fran"gi*ble (?), a. Not refrangible; that can not be refracted in passing from one medium to another. -- Ir`re*fran"gi*ble*ness, n.

Irrefutable

Ir`re*fut"a*ble (?; 277), a. [L. irrefutabilis: cf. F. irr\'82futable. See Refute.] Incapable of being refuted or disproved; indisputable. -- Ir`re*fut"a*ble*ness, n. -- Ir`re*fut"a*bly, adv.

Irregeneracy

Ir`re*gen"er*a*cy (?), n. Unregeneracy.

Irregeneration

Ir`re*gen`er*a"tion (?), n. An unregenerate state. [Obs.]

Irregular

Ir*reg"u*lar (?), a. [Pref. ir- not + regular: cf. F. irr\'82gulier.] Not regular; not conforming to a law, method, or usage recognized as the general rule; not according to common form; not conformable to nature, to the rules of moral rectitude, or to established principles; not normal; unnatural; immethodical; unsymmetrical; erratic; no straight; not uniform; as, an irregular line; an irregular figure; an irregular verse; an irregular physician; an irregular proceeding; irregular motion; irregular conduct, etc. Cf. Regular.
Mazes intricate, Eccentric, intervolved, yet regular Then most when most irregular they seem. Milton.
Leading the men of Herefordshire to fight Against the irregular and wild Glendower. Shak.
A flowery meadow through which a clear stream murmured in many irregular meanders. Jones.
Syn. -- Immethodical; unsystematic; abnormal; unnatural; anomalous; erratic; devious; crooked; eccentric; unsettled; uneven; variable; changeable; mutable; desultory; disorderly; wild; immoderate; intemperate; inordinate; vicious.

Irregular

Ir*reg"u*lar, n. One who is not regular; especially, a soldier not in regular service.

Irregularist

Ir*reg"u*lar*ist, n. One who is irregular. Baxter.

Irregularity

Ir*reg`u*lar"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Irregularities (#). [Cf. F. irr\'82gularit\'82.] The state or quality of being irregular; that which is irregular.

Irregularly

Ir*reg"u*lar*ly, adv. In an irregular manner.

Irregulate

Ir*reg"u*late (?), v. t. To make irregular; to disorder. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Irregulous

Ir*reg"u*lous (?), a. Lawless. [Obs.] Shak.

Irrejectable

Ir`re*ject"a*ble (?), a. That can not be rejected; irresistible. Boyle.

Irrelapsable

Ir`re*laps"a*ble (?), a. Not liable to relapse; secure. Dr. H. More.

Irrelate

Ir`re*late (?), a. Ir

Irrelation

Ir`re*la"tion (?), n. The quality or state of being irrelative; want of connection or relation.

Irrelative

Ir*rel"a*tive (?), a. Not relative; without mutual relations; unconnected. -- Ir*rel"a*tive*ly, adv. Irrelative chords (Mus.), those having no common tone. -- Irrelative repetition (Biol.), the multiplication of parts that serve for a common purpose, but have no mutual dependence or connection. Owen.

Irrelavance

Ir*rel"a*vance (?), n. Irrelevancy.

Irrelavancy

Ir*rel"a*van*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being irrelevant; as, the irrelevancy of an argument.

Irrelavant

Ir*rel"a*vant (?), a. Not relevant; not applicable or pertinent; not bearing upon or serving to support; foreign; extraneous; as, testimony or arguments irrelevant to a case. -- Ir*rel"a*vant*ly, adv.

Irrelievable

Ir`re*liev"a*ble (?), a. Not admitting relief; incurable; hopeless.

Irreligion

Ir`re*li"gion (?), n. [L. irreligio: cf. F. irr\'82ligion. See In- not, and Religion.] The state of being irreligious; want of religion; impiety.

Irreligionist

Ir`re*li"gion*ist, n. One who is irreligious.

Irreligious

Ir`re*li"gious (?), a. [L. irreligiosus: cf. F. irr\'82ligieux.]

1. Destitute of religion; not controlled by religious motives or principles; ungodly. Cf. Impiou.

Shame and reproach are generally the portion of the impious and irreligious. South.

2. Indicating a want of religion; profane; wicked; as, irreligious speech.

Irreligiously

Ir`re*li"gious*ly, adv. In an irreligious manner.

Irreligiousness

Ir`re*li"gious*ness, n. The state or quality of being irreligious; ungodliness.

Irremeable

Ir*re"me*a*ble (?), a. [L. irremeabilis; pref. ir- not + remeabilis returning, fr. remeare: cf. F. irr\'82m\'82able. See Remeant.] Admitting no return; as, an irremeable way. [Obs.] Dryden.

Irremediable

Ir`re*me"di*a*ble (?), a. [L. irremediabilis: cf. F. irr\'82m\'82diable. See In- not, and Remediable.] Not to be remedied, corrected, or redressed; incurable; as, an irremediable disease or evil.

Irremediableness

Ir`re*me"di*a*ble*ness, n. The state or quality of being irremediable.

Irremediably

Ir`re*me"di*a*bly, adv. In a manner, or to a degree, that precludes remedy, cure, or correction.

Irremissible

Ir`re*mis"si*ble (?), a. [L. irremissibilis: cf. F. irr\'82missible. See In- not, and Remissible.] Not remissible; unpardonable; as, irremissible crimes. Burke. -- Ir`re*mis"si*ble, n. -- Ir`re*mis"si*bly, adv.

Irremission

Ir`re*mis"sion (?), n. Refusal of pardon.

Irremissive

Ir`re*mis"sive (?), a. Not remitting; unforgiving.

Irremittable

Ir`re*mit"ta*ble (?), a. Not capable of being remitted; irremissible. Holinshed.

Irremobability

Ir`re*mob`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being irremovable; immovableness.

Irremovable

Ir`re*mov"a*ble (?), a. Not removable; immovable; inflexible. Shak. -- Ir`re*mov"a*bly, adv.

Irremoval

Ir`re*mov"al (?), n. Absence of removal.

Irremunerable

Ir`re*mu"ner*a*ble (?), a. [L. irremunerabilis: cf. F. irr\'82mun\'82rable. See Remunerate.] Not remunerable; not capable of remuneration.

Irrenowned

Ir`re*nowned" (?), a. Not renowned. [Obs.]

Irreparability

Ir*rep`a*ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. irr\'82parabilit\'82.] The quality or state of being irreparable; irreparableness. Sterne.

Irreparable

Ir*rep"a*ra*ble (?), a. [L. irreparabilis: cf. F. irr\'82parable. See In- not, and Reparable.] Not reparable; not capable of being repaired, recovered, regained, or remedied; irretrievable; irremediable; as, an irreparable breach; an irreparable loss. Shak.

Irreparableness

Ir*rep"a*ra*ble*ness, n. Quality of being irreparable.

Irreparably

Ir*rep"a*ra*bly, adv. In an irreparable manner.

Irrepealability

Ir`re*peal`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being irrepealable.

Irrepealable

Ir`re*peal"a*ble (?), a. Not repealable; not capable of being repealed or revoked, as a law. -- Ir`re*peal"a*ble*ness, n. -- Ir`re*peal"a*bly, adv.

Irrepentance

Ir`re*pent"ance (?), n. Want of repentance; impenitence. Bp. Montagu.

Irrepleviable, Irreplevisable

Ir`re*plev"i*a*ble (?), Ir`re*plev"i*sa*ble (?), a. (Law) Not capable of being replevied.

Irreprehensible

Ir*rep`re*hen"si*ble (?), a. [L. irreprehensibilis: cf. F. irr\'82pr\'82hensible. See Reprehensible.] Not reprehensible; blameless; innocent. -- Ir*rep`re*hen"si*ble*ness, n. -- Ir*rep`re*hen"si*bly, adv.

Irrepresentable

Ir*rep`re*sent"a*ble (?), a. Not capable of being represented or portrayed.

Irrepressible

Ir`re*press"i*ble (?), a. Not capable of being repressed, restrained, or controlled; as, irrepressible joy; an irrepressible conflict. W. H. Steward.

Irrepressibly

Ir`re*press"i*bly, adv. In a manner or to a degree that can not be repressed.

Irreproachable

Ir`re*proach"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. ir- not + reproachable: cf. F. irr\'82prochable.] Not reproachable; above reproach; not deserving reproach; blameless.
He [Berkely] erred, -- and who is free from error? -- but his intentions were irreproachable. Beattie.

Irreproachableness

Ir`re*proach"a*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being irreproachable; integrity; innocence.

Irreproachably

Ir`re*proach"a*bly, adv. In an irreproachable manner; blamelessly.

Irreprovable

Ir`re*prov"a*ble (?), a. Incapable of being justly reproved; irreproachable; blameless; upright. -- Ir`re*prov"a*ble*ness, n. -- Ir`re*prov"a*bly, adv.

Irreptitious

Ir`rep*ti"tious (?), a. [L. irrepere, irreptum, to creep in; pref. ir- in + repere to creep.] Surreptitious; spurious. [Obs.] Dr. Castell (1673).

Irreputable

Ir*rep"u*ta*ble (?), a. Disreputable. [Obs.]

Irresilient

Ir`re*sil"i*ent (?), a. Not resilient; not recoiling or rebounding; inelastic.

Irresistance

Ir`re*sist"ance (?), n. Nonresistance; passive submission.

Irresistibility

Ir`re*sist`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. irr\'82sistibilit\'82.] The quality or state of being irrestible, irresistibleness.

Irresistible

Ir`re*sist"i*ble (?), a. [Pref. ir- not + resistible: cf. F. irr\'82sistible.] That can not be successfully resisted or opposed; superior to opposition; resistless; overpowering; as, an irresistible attraction.
An irresistible law of our nature impels us to seek happiness. J. M. Mason.

Irresistibleness

Ir`re*sist"i*ble*ness, n. Quality of being irrestible.

Irresistibly

Ir`re*sist"i*bly, adv. In an irrestible manner.

Irresistless

Ir`re*sist"less, a. Irresistible. [Obs.] Glanvill.

Irresoluble

Ir*res"o*lu*ble (?), a. [L. irresolubilis: cf. F. irr\'82soluble. See Resoluble, and cf. Irresolvable.]

1. Incapable of being dissolved or resolved into parts; insoluble. Boyle.

2. Incapable of being relieved or assisted. [Obs.]

The second is in the irresoluble condition of our souls after a known sin committed. Bp. Hall.

Irresolubleness

Ir*res"o*lu*ble*ness, n. The state or quality of being irresoluble; insolubility.

Irresolute

Ir*res"o*lute (?), a. [Pref. ir- not + resolute: cf. F. irr\'82solu, L. irresolutus not loosened.] Not resolute; not decided or determined; wavering; given to doubt or irresolution.
Weak and irresolute is man. Cowper.
Syn. -- Wavering; vacillating; undetermined; undecided; unsettled; fickle; changeable; inconstant. -- Ir*res"o*lute*ly, adv. -- Ir*res"o*lute*ness, n.

Irresolution

Ir*res`o*lu"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. irr\'82solution.] Want of resolution; want of decision in purpose; a fluctuation of mind, as in doubt, or between hope and fear; irresoluteness; indecision; vacillation.
Irresolution on the schemes of life which offer themselves to our choice, and inconstancy in pursuing them, are the greatest causes of all unhappiness. Addison.

Irresolvability

Ir`re*solv`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being irresolvable; irresolvableness.

Irresolvable

Ir`re*solv"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. ir- not + resolvable. Cf. Irresoluble.] Incapable of being resolved; not separable into component parts. Irresolvable nebul\'91 (Astron.), nebul\'91 of a cloudlike appearance, which have not yet been resolved by the telescope into stars.<-- Which are often galaxies: see under Galaxy "the term has recently [1890] been used for remote clusters of stars" --> Sir W. Herschel.

Irresolvableness

Ir`re*solv"a*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being irresolvable; irresolvability.

Irresolvedly

Ir`re*solv"ed*ly, adv. Without settled determination; in a hesitating manner; doubtfully. [R.]

Irrespective

Ir`re*spec"tive (?), a.

1. Without regard for conditions, circumstances, or consequences; unbiased; independent; impartial; as, an irrespective judgment.


Page 790

According to this doctrine, it must be resolved wholly into the absolute, irrespective will of God. Rogers.

2. Disrespectful. [Obs.] Sir C. Cornwallis. Irrespective of, regardless of; without regard to; as, irrespective of differences.

Irrespectively

Ir`re*spec"tive*ly (?), adv. Without regard to conditions; not making circumstances into consideration.
Prosperity, considered absolutely and irrespectively, is better and more desirable than adversity. South.

Irrespirable

Ir*res"pi*ra*ble (?), a. [L. irrespirabilis: cf. F. irrespirable. See Respirable.] Unfit for respiration; not having the qualities necessary to support animal life; as, irrespirable air.

Irresponsibility

Ir`re*spon`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. irresponsabilit\'82.] Want of, or freedom from, responsibility or accountability.

Irresponsible

Ir`re*spon"si*ble (?), a. [Pref. ir- not + responsible: cf. F. irresponsable.]

1. Nor responsible; not liable or able to answer fro consequences; innocent.

2. Not to be trusted; unreliable.

Irresponsibly

Ir`re*spon"si*bly, adv. So as not to be responsible.

Irresponsive

Ir`re*spon"sive (?), a. Not responsive; not able, ready, or inclined to respond.

Irresuscitable

Ir`re*sus"ci*ta*ble (?), a. Incapable of being resuscitated or revived. -- Ir`re*sus"ci*ta*bly, adv.

Irretention

Ir`re*ten"tion (?), n. Want of retaining power; forgetfulness. De Quincey.

Irretentive

Ir`re*ten"tive (?), a. Not retentive; as, an irretentive memory.

Irretraceable

Ir`re*trace"a*ble (?), a. Incapable of being retraced; not retraceable.

Irretractile

Ir`re*tract"ile (?), a.

1. Not retractile.

2. Not tractile or ductile. [R.] Sir W. Hamilton.

Irretrievable

Ir`re*triev"a*ble (?), a. Not retrievable; irrecoverable; irreparable; as, an irretrievable loss. Syn. -- Irremediable; incurable; irrecoverable.

Irretrievableness

Ir`re*triev"a*ble*ness, n. The state or quality of being irretrievable.

Irretrievably

Ir`re*triev"a*bly, adv. In an irretrievable manner.

Irreturnable

Ir`re*turn"a*ble (?), a. Not to be returned.

Irrevealable

Ir`re*veal"a*ble (?), a. Incapable of being revealed. -- Ir`re*veal"a*bly, adv.

Irreverence

Ir*rev"er*ence (?), n. [L. irreverentia: cf. F. irr\'82v\'82rence.] The state or quality of being irreverent; want of proper reverence; disregard of the authority and character of a superior.

Irreverend

Ir*rev"er*end (?), a. Irreverent. [Obs.]
Immodest speech, or irreverend gesture. Strype.

Irreverent

Ir*rev"er*ent (?), a. [L. irreverens, -entis: cf. F. irr\'82v\'82rent. See In- not, and Reverent.] Not reverent; showing a want of reverence; expressive of a want of veneration; as, an irreverent babbler; an irreverent jest.

Irreverently

Ir*rev"er*ent*ly, adv. In an irreverent manner.

Irreversibility

Ir`re*vers`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being irreversible; irreversibleness.

Irreversible

Ir`re*vers"i*ble (?), a.

1. Incapable of being reversed or turned about or back; incapable of being made to run backward; as, an irreversible engine.

2. Incapable of being reversed, recalled, repealed, or annulled; as, an irreversible sentence or decree.

This rejection of the Jews, as it is not universal, so neither is it final and irreversible. Jortin.
Syn. -- Irrevocable; irrepealable; unchangeable.

Irreversibleness

Ir`re*vers"i*ble*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being irreversible.

Irreversibly

Ir`re*vers"i*bly, adv. In an irreversible manner.

Irrevocability

Ir*rev`o*ca*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. irr\'82vocabilit\'82.] The state or quality of being irrevocable; irrevocableness.

Irrevocable

Ir*rev"o*ca*ble (?), a. [L. irrevocabilis: cf. F. irr\'82vocable. See In- not, and Revoke, and cf. Irrevocable.] Incapable of being recalled or revoked; unchangeable; irreversible; unalterable; as, an irrevocable promise or decree; irrevocable fate.
Firm and irrevocable is my doom. Shak.
-- Ir*rev"o*ca*ble*ness, n. -- Ir*rev"o*ca*bly, adv.

Irrevokable

Ir`re*vok"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. ir- not + revoke.] Irrevocable. [R.]

Irrevoluble

Ir*rev"o*lu*ble (?), a. That has no finite period of revolution; not revolving. [R.]
The dateless and irrevocable circle of eternity. Milton.

Irrhetorical

Ir`rhe*tor"ic*al (?), a. Not rethorical.

Irrigate

Ir"ri*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Irrigated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Irrigating (?).] [L. irrigatus, p. p. of irrigare to irrigate: ir- in + rigare to water; prob. akin to E. rain. See Rain.]

1. To water; to wet; to moisten with running or dropping water; to bedew.

2. (Agric.) To water, as land, by causing a stream to flow upon, over, or through it, as in artificial channels.

Irrigation

Ir`ri*ga"tion (?), n. [L. irrigatio: cf. F. irrigation.] The act or process of irrigating, or the state of being irrigated; especially, the operation of causing water to flow over lands, for nourishing plants.

Irriguous

Ir*rig"u*ous (?), a. [L. irriguus. See Irrigate.]

1. Watered; watery; moist; dewy. [Obs.]

The flowery lap Of some irriguous valley spreads her store. Milton.

2. Gently penetrating or pervading. [Obs.] J. Philips.

Irrisible

Ir*ris"i*ble (?), a. [Pref. ir- not + risible. See Irrision.] Not risible. [R.]

Irrision

Ir*ri"sion (?), n. [L. irrisio, fr. irridere, irrisum. to laugh at; pref. ir- in + ridere to laugh: cf. F. irrision.] The act of laughing at another; derision.
This being spoken sceptic\'8a, or by way of irrision. Chapman.

Irritability

Ir`ri*ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. irritabilitas: cf. F. irritabilit\'82.]

1. The state or quality of being irritable; quick excitability; petulance; fretfulness; as, irritability of temper.

2. (Physiol.) A natural susceptibility, characteristic of all living organisms, tissues, and cells, to the influence of certain stimuli, response being manifested in a variety of ways, -- as that quality in plants by which they exhibit motion under suitable stimulation; esp., the property which living muscle processes, of responding either to a direct stimulus of its substance, or to the stimulating influence of its nerve fibers, the response being indicated by a change of form, or contraction; contractility.

3. (Med.) A condition of morbid excitability of an organ or part of the body; undue susceptibility to the influence of stimuli. See Irritation, n., 3.

Irritable

Ir"ri*ta*ble (?), a. [L. irritabilis: cf. F. irritable. See Irritate.]

1. Capable of being irriated.

2. Very susceptible of anger or passion; easily inflamed or exasperated; as, an irritable temper.

Vicious, old, and irritable. Tennyson.

3. (Physiol.) Endowed with irritability; susceptible of irritation; capable of being excited to action by the application of certain stimuli.

4. (Med.) Susceptible of irritation; unduly sensitive to irritants or stimuli. See Irritation, n., 3. Syn. -- Excitable; irascible; touchy; fretful; peevish.

Irritableness

Ir"ri*ta*ble*ness, n. Irritability.

Irritably

Ir"ri*ta*bly, adv. In an irritable manner.

Irritancy

Ir"ri*tan*cy (?), n. [From 1st Irritant.] (Scots Law) The state or quality of being null and void; invalidity; forfeiture. Burrill.

Irritancy

Ir"ri*tan*cy, n. [From 2d Irritant.] The state o quality of being irritant or irritating.

Irritant

Ir"ri*tant (?), a. [LL. irritants, -antis, p. pr. of irritare to make null, fr. L. irritus void; pref. ir- not + ratus established.] (Scots Law) Rendering null and void; conditionally invalidating.
The states elected Harry, Duke of Anjou, for their king, with this clause irritant; that, if he did violate any part of his oath, the people should owe him no allegiance. Hayward.

Irritant

Ir"ri*tant, a. [L. irritans, -antis, p. pr. of irritare: cf. F. irritant. See Irritate to excite.] Irritating; producing irritation or inflammation.

Irritant

Ir"ri*tant, n. [Cf. F. irritant.]

1. That which irritates or excites.

2. (Physiol. & Med.) Any agent by which irritation is produced; as, a chemical irritant; a mechanical or electrical irritant.

3. (Toxicology) A poison that produces inflammation. Counter irritant. See under Counter. -- Pure irritant (Toxicology), a poison that produces inflammation without any corrosive action upon the tissues.

Irritate

Ir"ri*tate (?), v. t. [See 1 st Irritant.] To render null and void. [R.] Abp. Bramhall.

Irritate

Ir"ri*tate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Irritated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Irritating (?).] [L. irritatus, p. p. of irritare. Of doubtful origin.]

1. To increase the action or violence of; to heighten excitement in; to intensify; to stimulate.

Cold maketh the spirits vigorous and irritateth them. Bacon.

2. To excite anger or displeasure in; to provoke; to tease; to exasperate; to annoy; to vex; as, the insolence of a tyrant irritates his subjects.

Dismiss the man, nor irritate the god: Prevent the rage of him who reigns above. Pope.

3. (Physiol.) To produce irritation in; to stimulate; to cause to contract. See Irritation, n., 2.

4. (Med.) To make morbidly excitable, or oversensitive; to fret; as, the skin is irritated by friction; to irritate a wound by a coarse bandage. Syn. -- To fret; inflame; excite; provoke; tease; vex; exasperate; anger; incense; enrage. -- To Irritate, Provoke, Exasperate. These words express different stages of excited or angry feeling. Irritate denotes an excitement of quick and slightly angry feeling which is only momentary; as, irritated by a hasty remark. To provoke implies the awakening of some open expression of decided anger; as, a provoking insult. Exasperate denotes a provoking of anger at something unendurable. Whatever comes across our feelings irritates; whatever excites anger provokes; whatever raises anger to a high point exasperates. "Susceptible and nervous people are most easily irritated; proud people are quickly provoked; hot and fiery people are soonest exasperated." Crabb.

Irritate

Ir"ri*tate (?), a. Excited; heightened. [Obs.]

Irritation

Ir`ri*ta"tion (?), n. [L. irritatio: cf. F. irritation.]

1. The act of irritating, or exciting, or the state of being irritated; excitement; stimulation, usually of an undue and uncomfortable kind; especially, excitement of anger or passion; provocation; annoyance; anger.

The whole body of the arts and sciences composes one vast machinery for the irritation and development of the human intellect. De Quincey.

2. (Physiol.) The act of exciting, or the condition of being excited to action, by stimulation; -- as, the condition of an organ of sense, when its nerve is affected by some external body; esp., the act of exciting muscle fibers to contraction, by artificial stimulation; as, the irritation of a motor nerve by electricity; also, the condition of a muscle and nerve, under such stimulation.

3. (Med.) A condition of morbid excitability or oversensitiveness of an organ or part of the body; a state in which the application of ordinary stimuli produces pain or excessive or vitiated action.

Irritative

Ir"ri*ta*tive (?), a.

1. Serving to excite or irritate; irritating; as, an irritative agent.

2. Accompanied with, or produced by, increased action or irritation; as, an irritative fever. E. Darwin.

Irritatory

Ir"ri*ta*to*ry (?), a. Exciting; producing irritation; irritating. [R.] Hales.

Irrorate

Ir"ro*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Irrorated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Irrorating.] [L. irroratus, p. p. of irrorare to bedew; pref. ir- in + ros, roris, dew.] To sprinkle or moisten with dew; to bedew. [Obs.]

Irrorate

Ir"ro*rate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Covered with minute grains, appearing like fine sand.

Irroration

Ir`ro*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. irroration.] The act of bedewing; the state of being moistened with de [Obs.] Chambers.

Irrotational

Ir`ro*ta"tion*al (?), a. (Physics) Not rotatory; passing from one point to another by a movement other than rotation; -- said of the movement of parts of a liquid or yielding mass. Sir W. Thomson.

Irrubrical

Ir*ru"bric*al (?), a. Contrary to the rubric; not rubrical.

Irrugate

Ir"ru*gate (?), v. t. [L. irrugatus, p. p. of irrugare to wrinkle.] To wrinkle. [Obs.]

Irrupted

Ir*rupt"ed (?), a. [L. irruptus, p. p. of irrumpere to break in; pref. ir- in + rumpere to break or burst. See Rupture.] Broken with violence.

Irruption

Ir*rup"tion (?), n. [L. irruptio: cf. F. irruption. See Irrupted.]

1. A bursting in; a sudden, violent rushing into a place; as, irruptions of the sea.

Lest evil tidings, with too rude irruption Hitting thy aged ear, should pierce too deep. Milton.

2. A sudden and violent inroad, or entrance of invaders; as, the irruptions of the Goths into Italy. Addison. Syn. -- Invasion; incursion; inroad. See Invasion.

Irruptive

Ir*rup"tive (?), a. Rushing in or upon.

Irvingite

Ir"ving*ite (?), n. (Eccl.) The common designation of one a sect founded by the Rev. Edward Irving (about 1830), who call themselves the Catholic Apostolic Church. They are highly ritualistic in worship, have an elaborate hierarchy of apostles, prophets, etc., and look for the speedy coming of Christ.

Is-

Is- (?). See Iso-.

Is

Is (?), v. i. [AS. is; akin to G. & Goth. ist, L. est, Gr. asti. . Cf. Am, Entity, Essence, Absent.] The third person singular of the substantive verb be, in the indicative mood, present tense; as, he is; he is a man. See Be. &hand; In some varieties of the Northern dialect of Old English, is was used for all persons of the singular.
For thy is I come, and eke Alain. Chaucer.
Aye is thou merry. Chaucer.
&hand; The idiom of using the present for future events sure to happen is a relic of Old English in which the present and future had the same form; as, this year Christmas is on Friday.
To-morrow is the new moon. 1 Sam. xx. 5.

Isabel, n., Isabel color

Is"a*bel (?), n., Is"a*bel col"or (?).[F. isabelle.] See Isabella.

Isabella, n., Isabella color

Is`a*bel"la (?), n., Is`a*bel"la col"or (?). [Said to be named from the Spanish princess Isabella, daughter of king Philip II., in allusion to the color assumed by her shift, which she wore without change from 1601 to 1604, in consequence of a vow made by her.] A brownish yellow color.

Isabella grape

Is`a*bel"la grape` (?). (Bot.) A favorite sweet American grape of a purple color. See Fox grape, under Fox.

Isabella moth

Is`a*bel"la moth` (?; 115). (Zo\'94l.) A common American moth (Pyrrharctia isabella), of an isabella color. The larva, called woolly bear and hedgehog caterpillar, is densely covered with hairs, which are black at each end of the body, and red in the middle part.

Isabelline

Is`a*bel"line (?), a. Of an isabel or isabella color.

Isagelous &imac;s&acr;g&ecr;l&ucr;s, a. [Is- + Gr. agelos information.] Containing the same information, as isagelous sentences. The coded message and the original, though appearing entirely unlike, are completely isagelous. Bacon The complementary strands have isagelous sequences. J. D. Watson. -- Isagel

I*sag"e*lous (&imac;*s&acr;g"&ecr;*l&ucr;s), a. [Is- + Gr. a`gelos information.] Containing the same information, as isagelous sentences. "The coded message and the original, though appearing entirely unlike, are completely isagelous." Bacon "The complementary strands have isagelous sequences." J. D. Watson. -- Is"a*gel n. One of two or more objects containing the same information.

Isagoge

I"sa*goge (?), n. [L., fr. Fr. An introduction. [Obs.] Harris.

Isagogic, Isagogical

I"sa*gog"ic (?), I"sa*gog"ic*al (?), a. [L. isagogicus, Gr. Introductory; especially, introductory to the study of theology.

Isagogics

I"sa*gog"ics (?), n. (Theol.) That part of theological science directly preliminary to actual exegesis, or interpretation of the Scriptures.

Isagon

I"sa*gon (?), n. [Gr. isagone, a.] (Math.) A figure or polygon whose angles are equal.

Isapostolic

Is*ap`os*tol"ic (?), a. [Gr. Having equal, or almost equal, authority with the apostles of their teachings.

Isatic, Isatinic

I*sat"ic (?), I`sa*tin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, isatin; as, isatic acid, which is also called trioxindol.

Isatide

I"sa*tide (?), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline substance obtained by the partial reduction of isatin. [Written also isatyde.]

Isatin

I"sa*tin (?), n. [See Isatis.] (Chem.) An orange-red crystalline substance, C8H5NO2, obtained by the oxidation of indigo blue. It is also produced from certain derivatives of benzoic acid, and is one important source of artificial indigo. [Written also, less properly, isatine.]

Isatis

I"sa*tis (?; 277), n. [L., a kind of plant, Gr. (Bot.) A genus of herbs, some species of which, especially the Isatis tinctoria, yield a blue dye similar to indigo; woad.

Isatogen

I*sat"o*gen (?), n. [Isatin + -gen.] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous radical, C8H4NO2, regarded as the essential residue of a series of compounds, related to isatin, which easily pass by reduction to indigo blue. -- I*sat`o*gen"ic (#), a.

Isatropic

I`sa*trop"ic (?), a. [Is- + atropine.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from atropine, and isomeric with cinnamic acid.

Ischias

Is"chi*as (?), a. (Anat.) See Ischial.

Ischiadic

Is`chi*ad"ic (?), a. [L. ischiadicus, Gr. Sciatic.] (Anat.) Ischial. [R.] Ischiadic passion ∨ disease (Med.), a rheumatic or neuralgic affection of some part about the hip joint; -- called also sciatica.

Ischial

Is"chi*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the ischium or hip; ischiac; ischiadic; ischiatic. Ischial callosity (Zo\'94l.), one of the patches of thickened hairless, and often bright-colored skin, on the buttocks of many apes, as the drill.
Page 791

Ischiatic

Is`chi*at"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Same as Ishial.

Ischiocapsular

Is`chi*o*cap"su*lar (?; 135) a. [Ischium + capsular.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the ischium and the capsule of the hip joint; as, the ischiocapsular ligament.

Ischiocerite

Is`chi*o*ce"rite (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The third joint or the antenn\'91 of the Crustacea.

Ischion, Ischium

Is"chi*on (?), Is"chi*um (?), n. [L., Gr.

1. (Anat.) The ventral and posterior of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis; seat bone; the huckle bone.

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the pleur\'91 of insects.

Ischiopodite

Is`chi*op"o*dite (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The third joint of the typical appendages of Crustacea.

Ischiorectal

Is`chi*o*rec"tal (?), a. [Ischium + rectal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the region between the rectum and ishial tuberosity.

Ischuretic

Is`chu*ret"ic (?), a. Having the quality of relieving ischury. -- n. An ischuretic medicine.

Ischury

Is"chu*ry (?), n. [L. ischuria, Gr. ischurie.] (Med.) A retention or suppression of urine.

-ise

-ise (?). See -ize.

Isentropic

I`sen*trop"ic (?), a. [Is- + entropy + -ic.] (Physics) Having equal entropy. Isentropic lines, lines which pass through points having equal entropy.

Isethionic

I*seth`i*on"ic (?), a. [Is- + ethionic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid, HO.C2H4.SO3H, obtained as an oily or crystalline substance, by the action of sulphur trioxide on alcohol or ether. It is derivative of sulphuric acid.

-ish

-ish (?). [AS. -isc; akin to G. -isch, OHG. -isc, Goth. & Dan. -isk, Gr. -esque.] A suffix used to from adjectives from nouns and from adjectives. It denotes relation, resemblance, similarity, and sometimes has a diminutive force; as, selfish, boyish, brutish; whitish, somewhat white.

-ish

-ish. [OE. -issen, fr. F. -is, -iss- (found in the present particle, etc., of certain verbs, as finir to finish, fleurir to flourish), corresponding to L. -escere, an inchoative ending.] A verb ending, originally appearing in certain verbs of French origin; as, abolish, cherish, finish, furnish, garnish, impoverish.

Ishmaelite

Ish"ma*el*ite (?), n.

1. A descendant of Ishmael (the son of Abraham and Hagar), of whom it was said, "His hand will be against every man, and every man's hand against him." Gen. xvi. 12.

2. One at enmity with society; a wanderer; a vagabond; an outcast. Thackeray.

3. See Ismaelian.

Ishmaelitish

Ish"ma*el*i`tish (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, an Ishmaelite or the Ishmaelites.

Isiac

I"si*ac (?), a. [L. Isiacus, Gr. Pertaining to the goddess Isis; as, Isiac mysteries.

Isicle

I"si*cle (?), n. A icicle. [Obs.]

Isidorian

Is`i*do"ri*an (?), a. Pertaining, or ascribed, to Isidore; as, the Isidorian decretals, a spurious collection of decretals published in the ninth century.

Isinglass

I"sin*glass (?), n. [Prob. corrupted fr. D. huizenblas (akin to G. hausenblase), lit., bladder of the huso, or large sturgeon; huizen sturgeon + blas bladder. Cf. Bladder, Blast a gust of wind.]

1. A semitransparent, whitish, and very pure from of gelatin, chiefly prepared from the sounds or air bladders of various species of sturgeons (as the Acipenser huso) found in the of Western Russia. It used for making jellies, as a clarifier, etc. Cheaper forms of gelatin are not unfrequently so called. Called also fish glue.

2. (Min.) A popular name for mica, especially when in thin sheets.

Isis

I"sis (?), n. [L., the goddess Isis, fr. Gr.

1. (Myth.) The principal goddess worshiped by the Egyptians. She was regarded as the mother of Horus, and the sister and wife of Osiris. The Egyptians adored her as the goddess of fecundity, and as the great benefactress of their country, who instructed their ancestors in the art of agriculture.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any coral of the genus Isis, or family Isid\'91, composed of joints of white, stony coral, alternating with flexible, horny joints. See Gorgoniacea.

3. (Astron.) One of the asteroids.

Islam

Is"lam (?), n. [Ar. isl\'bem obedience to the will of God, submission, humbling one's self, resigning one's self to the divine disposal. Cf. Moslem.]

1. The religion of the Mohammedans; Mohammedanism; Islamism. Their formula of faith is: There is no God but Allah, and Mohammed is his prophet.

2. The whole body of Mohammedans, or the countries which they occupy.

Islamism

Is"lam*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. islamisme.] The faith, doctrines, or religious system of the Mohammedans; Mohammedanism; Islam.

Islamite

Is"lam*ite (?), n. A Mohammedan.

Islamitic

Is`lam*it"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Islam; Mohammedan.

Islamize

Is"lam*ize (?), v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Islamized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Islamizing (?).] To conform, or cause to conform, to the religion of Islam.

Island

Is"land (?), n. [OE. iland, yland, AS. \'c6gland, , ; \'c6g, , island + land, lond, land. AS. \'c6g, , is akin to AS. e\'a0 water, river, OHG. , G. au meadow, Icel. ey island, Dan. & Sw. \'94, Goth. ahwa a stream, water, L. aqua water. The s is due to confusion with isle. Cf. Ait, Eyot, Ewer, Aquatic.]

1. A tract of land surrounded by water, and smaller than a continent. Cf. Continent.

2. Anything regarded as resembling an island; as, an island of ice.

3. (Zo\'94l.) See Isle, n., 2. Islands of the blessed (Myth.), islands supposed to lie in the Western Ocean, where the favorites of the gods are conveyed at death, and dwell in everlasting joy.

Island

Is"land (?), v. t.

1. To cause to become or to resemble an island; to make an island or islands of; to isle. Shelley.

2. To furnish with an island or with islands; as, to island the deep. Southey.

Islander

Is"land*er (?), n. An inhabitant of an island.

Islandy

Is"land*y (?), a. Of or pertaining to islands; full of islands. Cotgrave.

Isle

Isle (?), n. [Obs.] See Aisle.

Isle

Isle (?), n. [OF. isle, F. \'8cle, L. insula; cf. Lith. sala. Cf. Insulate.]

1. An island. [Poetic]

Imperial rule of all the seagirt isles. Milton.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A spot within another of a different color, as upon the wings of some insects.

Isle

Isle, v. t. To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island. [Poetic]
Isled in sudden seas of light. Tennyson.

Islet

Is"let (?), n. [OF. islette (cf. F. \'8clot), dim. of isle.] A little island.

-ism

-ism (?). [F. -isme, or L. -ismus, Gr. A suffix indicating an act, a process, the result of an act or a process, a state; also, a characteristic (as a theory, doctrine, idiom, etc.); as, baptism, galvanism, organism, hypnotism, socialism, sensualism, Anglicism.

Ism

Ism, n. [See ism, above.] A doctrine or theory; especially, a wild or visionary theory. E. Everett.
The world grew light-headed, and forth came a spawn of isms which no man can number. S. G. Goodrich.

Ismaelian, Ismaelite

Is`ma*e"li*an (?), Is"ma*el*ite (?), n. (Eccl.) One of a sect of Mohammedans who favored the pretensions of the family of Mohammed ben Ismael, of the house Ali.

Iso-, Is-

I"so- (?), Is- (?).[Gr. 'i`sos equal.] A prefix or combining form, indicating identity, or equality; the same numerical value; as in isopod, isomorphous, isochromatic. Specif.: (a) (Chem.) Applied to certain compounds having the same composition but different properties; as in isocyanic. (b) (Organic Chem.) Applied to compounds of certain isomeric series in whose structure one carbon atom, at least, is connected with three other carbon atoms; -- contrasted with neo- and normal; as in isoparaffine; isopentane.

Isobar

I"so*bar (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting or marking places upon the surface of the earth where height of the barometer reduced to sea level is the same either at a given time, or for a certain period (mean height), as for a year; an isopiestic line. [Written also isobare.]

Isobaric

I`so*bar"ic (?), a. (Phys. Geog.) Denoting equal pressure; as, an isobaric line; specifically, of or pertaining to isobars.

Isobar

I"so*bar (?), n. The quality or state of being equal in weight, especially in atmospheric pressure. Also, the theory, method, or application of isobaric science.

Isobarometric

I`so*bar`o*met"ric (?), a. [Iso + barometric.] (Phys. Geog.) Indicating equal barometric pressure.

Isobathytherm

I`so*bath"y*therm (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting the points on the surface of the earth where a certain temperature is found at the same depth.

Isobathythermic

I`so*bath"y*ther"mic (?), a. Of or pertaining to an isobathytherm; possessing or indicating the same temperature at the same depth.

Isocephalism

I`so*ceph"a*lism (?), n. [From Gr. Iso-, and Cephalon.] (Art) A peculiarity in the design of bas-relief by which the heads of human figures are kept at the same height from the ground, whether the personages are seated, standing, or mounted on horseback; -- called also isokephaleia.

Isochasm

I"so*chasm (?), n. [Iso- + chasm.] (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting places on the earth's surface at which there is the same mean frequency of auroras.

Isochasmic

I`so*chas"mic (?), a. Indicating equal auroral display; as, an isochasmic line.

Isocheim

I"so*cheim (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting places on the earth having the same mean winter temperature. Cf. Isothere.

Isocheimal, Isochimal

I`so*chei"mal, I`so*chi"mal (?), a. Pertaining to, having the nature of, or making, isocheims; as, an isocheimal line; an isocheimal chart.

Isocheimenal, Isochimenal

I`so*chei"me*nal (?), I`so*chi"me*nal a. The same as Isocheimal.

Isocheimic

I`so*chei"mic (?), a. The same as Isocheimal.

Isochimene

I`so*chi"mene (?), n. The same as Isocheim.

Isochromatic

I`so*chro*mat"ic (?), a. [Iso- + chromatic.] (Opt.) Having the same color; connecting parts having the same color, as lines drawn through certain points in experiments on the chromatic effects of polarized light in crystals.

Isochronal

I*soch"ro*nal (?), a. [See Isochronous.] Uniform in time; of equal time; performed in equal times; recurring at regular intervals; isochronal vibrations or oscillations.

Isochronic

I`so*chron"ic (?), a. Isochronal.

Isochronism

I*soch"ro*nism (?), n. The state or quality of being isochronous.

Isochronon

I*soch"ro*non (?), n. [NL. See Isochronous.] A clock that is designed to keep very accurate time.

Isochronous

I*soch"ro*nous (?), a. [Gr. Same as Isochronal.

Isochroous

I*soch"ro*ous (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. Having the same tint or color throughout; uniformly or evenly colored.

Isoclinal, Isoclinic

I`so*cli"nal (?), I`so*clin"ic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. Of or pertaining to, or indicating, equality of inclination or dip; having equal inclination or dip. Isoclinal lines (Magnetism), lines on the earth's surface connecting places at which a dipping needle indicates the same inclination or dip.

Isocrymal

I`so*cry"mal (?), a. (Phys. Geog.) Pertaining to, having the nature of, or illustrating, an isocryme; as, an isocrymal line; an isocrymal chart.

Isocryme

I"so*cryme (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting points on the earth's surface having the same mean temperature in the coldest month of the year.

Isocrymic

I`so*crym"ic (?), a. Isocrymal.

Isocyanic

I`so*cy*an"ic (?), a. [Iso- + cyanic.] (Chem.) Designating an acid isomeric with cyanic acid. Isocyanic acid, an acid metameric with cyanic acid, and resembling it in its salts. It is obtained as a colorless, mobile, unstable liquid by the heating cyanuric acid. Called technically carbimide.

Isocyanuric

I`so*cy`a*nu"ric (?), a. [Iso- + cyanuric.] (Chem.) Designating, or pertaining to, an acid isomeric with cyanuric acid, and called also fulminuric acid. See under Fulminuric.

Isodiabatic

I`so*di`a*bat"ic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. (Physics) Pertaining to the reception or the giving out of equal quantities of heat by a substance. Rankine. Isodiabatic lines ∨ curves, a pair of lines or curves exhibiting, on a diagram of energy, the law of variation of the pressure and density of a fluid, the one during the lowering, and the other during the raising, of its temperature, when the quantity of heat given out by the fluid during any given stage of the one process is equal to the quantity received during the corresponding stage of the other. Such lines are said to be isodiabatic with respect to each other. Compare Adiabatic.

Isodiametric

I`so*di`a*met"ric (?), a. [Iso- + diametric.]

1. (Crystallog.) Developed alike in the directions of the several lateral axes; -- said of crystals of both the tetragonal and hexagonal systems.

2. (Bot.) Having the several diameters nearly equal; -- said of the cells of ordinary parenchyma.

Isodimorphic

I`so*di*mor"phic (?), a. [Iso- + dimorphic.] Isodimorphous.

Isodimorphism

I`so*di*mor"phism (?), n. Isomorphism between the two forms severally of two dimorphous substances.

Isodimorphous

I`so*di*mor"phous (?), a. [Iso- + dimorphous.] Having the quality of isodimorphism.

Isodulcite

I`so*dul"cite (?), n. [Iso- + dulcite.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, sugarlike substance, obtained by the decomposition of certain glucosides, and intermediate in nature between the hexacid alcohols (ductile, mannite, etc.) and the glucoses.

Isodynamic

I`so*dy*nam"ic (?), a. [Iso- + dynamic.] Of, pertaining to, having, or denoting, equality of force. Isodynamic foods (Physiol.), those foods that produce a similar amount of heat. -- Isodynamic lines (Magnetism), lines on the earth's surface connecting places at which the magnetic intensity is the same.

Isodynamous

I`so*dy"na*mous (?), a. [Gr. Isodynamic.] Of equal force or size.

Isogeotherm

I`so*ge"o*therm (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. gh^ the earth + qe`rmh heat.] (Phys. Geog.) A line or curved surface passing beneath the earth's surface through points having the same mean temperature.

Isogeothermal, Isogeothermic

I`so*ge`o*ther"mal (?), I`so*ge`o*ther"mic (?), a. Pertaining to, having the nature of, or marking, isogeotherms; as, an isogeothermal line or surface; as isogeothermal chart. -- n. An isogeotherm.

Isogonic

I`so*gon"ic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. Pertaining to, or noting, equal angles. Isogonic lines (Magnetism), lines traced on the surface of the globe, or upon a chart, connecting places at which the deviation of the magnetic needle from the meridian or true north is the same.

Isogonic

I`so*gon"ic, a. (Zo\'94l.) Characterized by isogonism.

Isogonism

I*sog"o*nism (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The quality of having similar sexual zooids or gonophores and dissimilar hydrants; -- said of certain hydroids.

Isographic

I`so*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to isography.

Isography

I*sog"ra*phy (?), n. [Iso- + -graphy.] Imitation of another's handwriting,

Isohyetose

I`so*hy"e*tose` (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. "yeto`s rain.] (Phys. Geog.) Of or pertaining to lines connecting places on the earth's surface which have a mean annual rainfall. -- n. An isohyetose line.<-- = isohyet (in MW10) lines with equal rainfall. --> <-- ##sic in original -- should be the *same* mean rainfall? -->

Isolable

I"so*la*ble (?), a. [See Isolate.] (Chem.) Capable of being isolated, or of being obtained in a pure state; as, gold is isolable.

Isolate

I"so*late (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Isolated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Isolating (?).] [It. isolato, p. p. of isolare to isolate, fr. isola island, L. insula. See 2d Isle, and cf. Insulate.]

1. To place in a detached situation; to place by itself or alone; to insulate; to separate from others.

Short isolated sentences were the mode in which ancient wisdom delighted to convey its precepts. Bp. Warburton.

2. (Elec.) To insulate. See Insulate.

3. (Chem.) To separate from all foreign substances; to make pure; to obtain in a free state.

Isolated

I"so*la`ted (?), a. Placed or standing alone; detached; separated from others. Isolated point of a curve. (Geom.) See Acnode.

Isolatedly

I"so*la`ted*ly (?), adv. In an isolated manner.

Isolation

I`so*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. isolation.] The act of isolating, or the state of being isolated; insulation; separation; loneliness. Milman.
Page 792

Isolator

I"so*la`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, isolates.

Isologous

I*sol"o*gous (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. (Chem.) Having similar proportions, similar relations, or similar differences of composition; -- said specifically of groups or series which differ by a constant difference; as, ethane, ethylene, an acetylene, or their analogous compounds, form an isologous series.

Isomer

I"so*mer, n. [See Isomeric.] (Chem.) A body or compound which is isomeric with another body or compound; a member of an isomeric series.

Isomeric

I`so*mer"ic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. isom\'82rique.] (Chem.) Having the same percentage composition; -- said of two or more different substances which contain the same ingredients in the same proportions by weight, often used with with. Specif.: (a) Polymeric; i. e., having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight, but with different molecular weights; as, acetylene and benzine are isomeric (polymeric) with each other in this sense. See Polymeric. (b) Metameric; i. e., having the same elements united in the same proportions by weight, and with the same molecular weight, but which a different structure or arrangement of the ultimate parts; as, ethyl alcohol and methyl ether are isomeric (metameric) with each other in this sense. See Metameric.

Isomeride

I*som"er*ide (?), n. (Chem.) An isomer. [R.]

Isomerism

I*som"er*ism (?), n. (Chem.) The state, quality, or relation, of two or more isomeric substances. Physical isomerism (Chem.), the condition or relation of certain (metameric) substances, which, while chemically identical (in that they have the same composition, the same molecular weights, and the same ultimate constitution), are yet physically different, as in their action on polarized light, as dextro- and l\'91vo-tartaric acids. In such compounds there is usually at least one unsymmetrical carbon atom. See Unsymmetrical.<-- "metamerism" is no longer used, and "isomerism" is generally applied to this conept. including optical isomerism, the property of optical isomers -->

Isomeromorphism

I`so*mer`o*mor"phism (?), n. [Isomer + Gr. ism.] (Crystallog.) Isomorphism between substances that are isomeric.

Isometric, Isometrical

I`so*met"ric (?), I`so*met"ric*al (?), a. [Iso- + Gr.

1. Pertaining to, or characterized by, equality of measure.

2. (Crystallog.) Noting, or conforming to, that system of crystallization in which the three axes are of equal length and at right angles to each other; monometric; regular; cubic. Cf. Crystallization. Isometric lines (Thermodynamics), lines representing in a diagram the relations of pressure and temperature in a gas, when the volume remains constant. -- Isometrical perspective. See under Perspective. -- Isometrical projection, a species of orthographic projection, in which but a single plane of projection is used. It is so named from the fact that the projections of three equal lines, parallel respectively to three rectangular axes, are equal to one another. This kind of projection is principally used in delineating buildings or machinery, in which the principal lines are parallel to three rectangular axes, and the principal planes are parallel to three rectangular planes passing through the three axes.

Isomorph

I"so*morph (?), n. [See Isomorphous.] A substance which is similar to another in crystalline form and composition.

Isomorphic

I`so*mor"phic (?), a. Isomorphous.

Isomorphism

I`so*mor"phism (?), n. [Cf. F. isomorphisme.] (Crystallog.) A similarity of crystalline form between substances of similar composition, as between the sulphates of barium (BaSO4) and strontium (SrSO4). It is sometimes extended to include similarity of form between substances of unlike composition, which is more properly called hom\'d2omorphism. <-- (math): see isomorphic -->

Isomorphous

I`so*mor"phous (?), a. [Iso- + -morphous.] Having the quality of isomorphism.

Isonandra

I`so*nan"dra (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Bot.) A genus of sapotaceous trees of India. Isonandra Gutta is the principal source of gutta-percha.

Isonephelic

I`so*ne*phel"ic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. (Phys. Geog.) Having, or indicating, an equal amount of cloudiness for a given period; as, isonephelic regions; an isonephelic line.

Isonicotine

I`so*nic"o*tine (?), n. [Iso- + nicotine.] (Chem.) A crystalline, nitrogenous base, C10H14N2, isomeric with nicotine.

Isonicotinic

I`so*nic`o*tin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) (a) Pertaining to, or derived from, isonicotine. (b) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid isomeric with nicotinic acid.

Isonitroso-

I`so*ni*tro"so- (?). [Iso- + nitroso-.] (Chem.) A combining from (also used adjectively), signifying: Pertaining to, or designating, the characteristic, nitrogenous radical, NOH, called the isonitroso group.

Isonomic

I`so*nom"ic (?), a. [Gr. The same, or equal, in law or right; one in kind or origin; analogous; similar. Dana.

Isonomy

I*son"o*my (?), n. [Gr. isonomie. See Isonomic.] Equal law or right; equal distribution of rights and privileges; similarity.

Isopathy

I*sop"a*thy (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Med.) (a) The system which undertakes to cure a disease by means of the virus of the same disease. (b) The theory of curing a diseased organ by eating the analogous organ of a healthy animal. Mayne. (c) The doctrine that the power of therapeutics is equal to that of the causes of disease.

Isopepsin

I`so*pep"sin (?), n. [Iso- + pepsin.] (Physiol. Chem.) Pepsin modified by exposure to a temperature of from 40° to 60° C.

Isoperimetrical

I`so*per`i*met"ric*al (?), a. [Gr. isop\'82rim\'8atre. See Perimeter.] (Geom.) Having equal perimeters of circumferences; as, isoperimetrical figures or bodies.

Isoperimetry

I`so*per*im"e*try (?), n. (Geom.) The science of figures having equal perimeters or boundaries.

Isopiestic

I`so*pi*es"tic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. (Thermodynamics) Having equal pressure. Isopiestic lines, lines showing, in a diagram, the relations of temperature and volume, when the elastic force is constant; -- called also isobars.

Isopleura

I`so*pleu"ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Iso-, and Pleura.] (Zo\'94l.) A subclass of Gastropoda, in which the body is symmetrical, the right and left sides being equal. &hand; The intestine terminates at the posterior end of the body, and the gills and circulatory and reproductive organs are paired. It includes the chitons (Polyplacophora), together with Neomenia and Ch\'91toderma, which are wormlike forms without a shell.

Isopod

I"so*pod (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the legs similar in structure; belonging to the Isopoda. -- n. One of the Isopoda.

Isopoda

I*sop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Iso-, and -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of sessile-eyed Crustacea, usually having seven pairs of legs, which are all similar in structure. &hand; The body is usually depressed, with the abdominal segments short, and often consolidated in part. The branchi\'91 are on the abdominal appendages. The group includes the terrestrial pill bugs and sow bugs, with numerous marine forms. See Arthrostrata, Gribble.

Isopodiform

I`so*pod"i*form (?), a. [Isopod + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the shape of an isopod; -- said of the larv\'91 of certain insects.

Isopodous

I*sop"o*dous (?), a. Same as Isopod.

Isopogonous

I`so*pog"o*nous (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the two webs equal in breath; -- said of feathers.

Isoprene

I"so*prene (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Chem.) An oily, volatile hydrocarbon, obtained by the distillation of caoutchouc or guttaipercha.<-- C5H8 -- unsaturated, and used to make synthetic rubber by polymerization. In organic chemistry, viewed conceptually as the building block of the terpene series of hydrocarbons -->

Isopycnic

I`so*pyc"nic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. pykno`s dense.] (Physics) Having equal density, as different regions of a medium; passing through points at which the density is equal; as, an isopycnic line or surface.

Isopycnic

I`so*pyc"nic, n. (Physics) A line or surface passing through those points in a medium, at which the density is the same.

Isorcin

I*sor"cin (?), n. [Iso- + orcin.] (Chem.) A crystalline hydrocarbon derivative, metameric with orcin, but produced artificially; -- called also cresorcin.

Isorropic

I`sor*rop"ic (?), a. [Gr. 'iso`rropos in equipoise; 'i`sos equal + "roph` downward inclination or momentum.] Of equal value. Isorropic line (in a diagram) (Geom.), the locus of all the points for which a specified function has a constant value. Newcomb.

Isosceles

I*sos"ce*les (?), a. [L., fr. Gr. 'i`sos equal + (Geom.) Having two legs or sides that are equal; -- said of a triangle.

Isospondyli

I`so*spon"dy*li (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. 'i`sos equal + (Zo\'94l.) An extensive order of fishes, including the salmons, herrings, and many allied forms.

Isospondylous

I`so*spon"dy*lous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Isospondyli; having the anterior vertebr\'91 separate and normal.

Isosporic

I`so*spor"ic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. (Bot.) Producing but one kind of spore, as the ferns and Equiseta. Cf. Heterosporic.

Isostemonous

I`so*stem"o*nous (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. (Bot.) Having exactly as many stamens as petals.

Isostemony

I`so*stem"o*ny (?), n. (Bot.) The quality or state of being isostemonous.

Isosulphocyanate

I`so*sul`pho*cy"a*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of isosulphocyanic acid.

Isosulphocyanic

I`so*sul`pho*cy*an"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, HNCS, isomeric with sulphocyanic acid.

Isotheral

I*soth"er*al (?), a. Having the nature of an isothere; indicating the distribution of temperature by means of an isothere; as, an isotheral chart or line.

Isothere

I"so*there (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting points on the earth's surface having the same mean summer temperature.

Isotherm

I"so*therm (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting or marking points on the earth's surface having the same temperature. This may be the temperature for a given time of observation, or the mean temperature for a year or other period. Also, a similar line based on the distribution of temperature in the ocean.

Isothermal

I`so*ther"mal (?), a. [Cf. F. isotherme.] (a) Relating to equality of temperature. (b) (Phys. Geog.) Having reference to the geographical distribution of temperature, as exhibited by means of isotherms; as, an isothermal line; an isothermal chart. Isothermal line. (a) An isotherm. (b) A line drawn on a diagram of energy such that its ordinates represent the pressures of a substance corresponding to various volumes, while the absolute temperature is maintained at a constant value. -- Isothermal zones, spaces on opposite sides of the equator having the same mean temperature, and bounded by corresponding isothermal lines.

Isothermobath

I`so*ther"mo*bath (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. (Phys. Geog) A line drawn through points of equal temperature in a vertical section of the ocean.

Isothermobathic

I`so*ther`mo*bath"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to an isothermobath; possessing or indicating equal temperatures in a vertical section, as of the ocean.

Isotherombrose

I*soth`er*om"brose (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. qe`ros summer + 'o`mbros rain.] (Phys. Geog) A line connecting or marking points on the earth's surface, which have the same mean summer rainfall.

Isotonic

I`so*ton"ic (?), a. [Iso- + tonic.] Having or indicating, equal tones, or tension. Isotonic system (Mus.), a system consisting of intervals, in which each concord is alike tempered, and in which there are twelve equal semitones.

Isotrimorphic

I`so*tri*mor"phic (?), a. Isotrimorphous.

Isotrimorphism

I`so*tri*mor"phism (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. Isomorphism between the three forms, severally, of two trimorphous substances.

Isotrimorphous

I`so*tri*mor"phous (?), a. Having the quality of isotrimorphism; isotrimorphic.

Isotropic

I`so*trop"ic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. (Physics) Having the same properties in all directions; specifically, equally elastic in all directions.

Isotropism

I*sot"ro*pism (?), n. Isotropy.

Isotropous

I*sot"ro*pous (?), a. Isotropic.

Isotropy

I*sot"ro*py (?), n. (Physics) Uniformity of physical properties in all directions in a body; absence of all kinds of polarity; specifically, equal elasticity in all directions.

Isouric

I`so*u"ric (?), a. [Iso- + uric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid, isomeric with uric acid.

Israelite

Is"ra*el*ite (?), n. [L. Isra\'89lites, Gr. Yisr\'be, i. e., champion of God; s\'ber\'beh to fight + God.] A descendant of Israel, or Jacob; a Hebrew; a Jew.

Israelitic, Israelitish

Is`ra*el*it"ic (?), Is"ra*el*i`tish (?), a. Of or pertaining to Israel, or to the Israelites; Jewish; Hebrew.

Issuable

Is"su*a*ble (?), a. [From Issue.]

1. Leading to, producing, or relating to, an issue; capable of being made an issue at law. Burrill.

2. Lawful or suitable to be issued; as, a writ issuable on these grounds. Issuable plea (Law), a plea to the merits, on which the adverse party may take issue and proceed to trial.

Issuably

Is"su*a*bly (?), adv. In an issuable manner; by way of issue; as, to plead issuably.

Issuance

Is"su*ance (?), n. The act of issuing, or giving out; as, the issuance of an order; the issuance of rations, and the like.

Issuant

Is"su*ant (?), a. (Her.) Issuing or coming up; -- a term used to express a charge or bearing rising or coming out of another.

Issue

Is"sue (?), n. [OF. issue, eissue, F. issue, fr. OF. issir, eissir, to go out, L. exire; ex out of, from + ire to go, akin to Gr. i., Goth. iddja went, used as prefect of gaggan to go. Cf. Ambition, Count a nobleman, Commence, Errant, Exit, Eyre, Initial, Yede went.]

1. The act of passing or flowing out; a moving out from any inclosed place; egress; as, the issue of water from a pipe, of blood from a wound, of air from a bellows, of people from a house.

2. The act of sending out, or causing to go forth; delivery; issuance; as, the issue of an order from a commanding officer; the issue of money from a treasury.

3. That which passes, flows, or is sent out; the whole quantity sent forth or emitted at one time; as, an issue of bank notes; the daily issue of a newspaper.

4. Progeny; a child or children; offspring. In law, sometimes, in a general sense, all persons descended from a common ancestor; all lineal descendants.

If the king Should without issue die. Shak.

5. Produce of the earth, or profits of land, tenements, or other property; as, A conveyed to B all his right for a term of years, with all the issues, rents, and profits.

6. A discharge of flux, as of blood. Matt. ix. 20.

7. (Med.) An artificial ulcer, usually made in the fleshy part of the arm or leg, to produce the secretion and discharge of pus for the relief of some affected part.

8. The final outcome or result; upshot; conclusion; event; hence, contest; test; trial.

Come forth to view The issue of the exploit. Shak.
While it is hot, I 'll put it to the issue. Shak.

9. A point in debate or controversy on which the parties take affirmative and negative positions; a presentation of alternatives between which to choose or decide.

10. (Law) In pleading, a single material point of law or fact depending in the suit, which, being affirmed on the one side and denied on the other, is presented for determination. See General issue, under General, and Feigned issue, under Feigned. Blount. Cowell. At issue, in controversy; disputed; opposing or contesting; hence, at variance; disagreeing; inconsistent.

As much at issue with the summer day As if you brought a candle out of doors. Mrs. Browning.
-- Bank of issue, Collateral issue, etc. See under Bank, Collateral, etc. -- Issue pea, a pea, or a similar round body, used to maintain irritation in a wound, and promote the secretion and discharge of pus. -- To join, ∨ take, issue, to take opposing sides in a matter in controversy.

Issue

Is"sue, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Issued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Issuing.]
Page 793

1. To pass or flow out; to run out, as from any inclosed place.

From it issued forced drops of blood. Shak.

2. To go out; to rush out; to sally forth; as, troops issued from the town, and attacked the besiegers.

3. To proceed, as from a source; as, water issues from springs; light issues from the sun.

4. To proceed, as progeny; to be derived; to be descended; to spring.

Of thy sons that shall issue from thee. 2 Kings xx. 18.

5. To extend; to pass or open; as, the path issues into the highway.

6. To be produced as an effect or result; to grow or accrue; to arise; to proceed; as, rents and profits issuing from land, tenements, or a capital stock.

7. To close; to end; to terminate; to turn out; as, we know not how the cause will issue.

8. (Law) In pleading, to come to a point in fact or law, on which the parties join issue.

Issue

Is"sue (?), v. t.

1. To send out; to put into circulation; as, to issue notes from a bank.

2. To deliver for use; as, to issue provisions.

3. To send out officially; to deliver by authority; as, to issue an order; to issue a writ.

Issueless

Is"sue*less, a. Having no issue or progeny; childless. "The heavens . . . have left me issueless." Shak.

Issuer

Is"su*er (?), n. One who issues, emits, or publishes.

-ist

-ist (?). [Gr. iste.] A noun suffix denoting an agent, or doer, one who practices, a believer in; as, theorist, one who theorizes; socialist, one who holds to socialism; sensualist, one given to sensuality.

Is't

Is't (?). A contraction of is it.

Isthmian

Isth"mi*an (?), a. [L. Isthmius, Gr. Isthmus.] Of or pertaining to an isthmus, especially to the Isthmus of Corinth, in Greece. Isthmian games (Gr. Antiq.), one of the four great national festivals of Greece, celebrated on the Isthmus of Corinth in the spring of every alternate year. They consisted of all kinds of athletic sports, wrestling, boxing, racing on foot and in chariots, and also contests in music and poetry. The prize was a garland of pine leaves.

Isthmus

Isth"mus (?; 277), n.; pl. Isthmuses (#). [L. isthmus, Gr. 'isqmo`s a neck, a neck of land between two seas, an isthmus, especially the Isthmus of Corinth; prob. from the root of 'ie`nai to go; cf. Icel. ei&edh; isthmus. See Issue.] (Geog.) A neck or narrow slip of land by which two continents are connected, or by which a peninsula is united to the mainland; as, the Isthmus of Panama; the Isthmus of Suez, etc. Isthmus of the fauces. (Anat.) See Fauces.

Istle

Is"tle (?), n. Same as Ixtle.

Isuret

I*su"ret (?), n. [Iso- + urea.] (Chem.) An artificial nitrogenous base, isomeric with urea, and forming a white crystalline substance; -- called also isuretine.

It

It (?), pron. [OE. it, hit, AS. hit; cf. D. het. &root;181. See He.] The neuter pronoun of the third person, corresponding to the masculine pronoun he and the feminine she, and having the same plural (they, their of theirs, them). &hand; The possessive form its is modern, being rarely found in the writings of Shakespeare and Milton, and not at all in the original King James's version of the Bible. During the transition from the regular his to the anomalous its, it was to some extent employed in the possessive without the case ending. See His, and He. In Dryden's time its had become quite established as the regular form.
The day present hath ever inough to do with it owne grief. Genevan Test.
Do, child, go to it grandam, child. Shak.
It knighthood shall do worse. It shall fright all it friends with borrowing letters. B. Jonson.
&hand; In the course of time, the nature of the neuter sign i in it, the form being found in but a few words, became misunderstood. Instead of being looked upon as an affix, it passed for part of the original word. Hence was formed from it the anomalous genitive it, superseding the Saxon his. Latham.
The fruit tree yielding fruit after his (its) kind. Gen. i. 11.
It is used, --

1. As a substance for any noun of the neuter gender; as, here is the book, take it home.

2. As a demonstrative, especially at the beginning of a sentence, pointing to that which is about to be stated, named, or mentioned, or referring to that which apparent or well known; as, I saw it was John.

It is I; be not afraid. Matt. xiv. 27.
Peter heard that it was the Lord. John xxi. 7.
Often, in such cases, as a substitute for a sentence or clause; as, it is thought he will come; it is wrong to do this.

3. As an indefinite nominative for a impersonal verb; as, it snows; it rains.

4. As a substitute for such general terms as, the state of affairs, the condition of things, and the like; as, how is it with the sick man?

Think on me when it shall be well with thee. Gen. xl. 14.

5. As an indefinite object after some intransitive verbs, or after a substantive used humorously as a verb; as, to foot it (i. e., to walk).

The Lacedemonians, at the Straits of Thermopyl\'91, when their arms failed them, fought it out with nails and teeth. Dryden.
Whether the charmer sinner it, or saint it, If folly grows romantic, I must paint it. Pope.
Its self. See Itself.

Itacism

I"ta*cism (?), n. [Cf. F. itacisme. See Etacism, and cf. Iotacism.] (Greek Gram.) Pronunciation of e
in the English word be. This was the pronunciation advocated by ReuEtacism.
In all such questions between a the confusing element of itacism comes in. Alford.

Itacist

I"ta*cist (?), n. [Cf. F. itaciste.] One who is in favor of itacism.

Itacolumite

It`a*col"u*mite (?), n. [From Itacolumi, a mountain of Brazil.] (Min.) A laminated, granular, siliceous rocks, often occurring in regions where the diamond is found.

Itaconic

It`a*con"ic (?), a. [From aconitic, by transposition of the letters.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, C5H6O4, which is obtained as a white crystalline substance by decomposing aconitic and other organic acids. <-- ITaconic acid: also, methylenesuccynic acid, propylene dicarboxylic acid CH2=C(COOH)CH2.COOH -->

Itala

It"a*la (?), n. [Fem. of L. Italus Italian.] An early Latin version of the Scriptures (the Old Testament was translated from the Septuagint, and was also called the Italic version).

Italian

I*tal"ian (?), a. [Cf. F. italien, It. italiano. Cf. Italic.] Of or pertaining to Italy, or to its people or language. Italian cloth a light material of cotton and worsted; -- called also farmer's satin. -- Italian iron, a heater for fluting frills. -- Italian juice, Calabrian liquorice.

Italian

I*tal"ian, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Italy.

2. The language used in Italy, or by the Italians.

Italianate

I*tal"ian*ate (?), v. t. [Cf. It. italianare.] To render Italian, or conformable to Italian customs; to Italianize. [R.] Ascham.

Italianate

I*tal"ian*ate (?), a. Italianized; Italianated. "Apish, childish, and Italianate." Marlowe.

Italianism

I*tal"ian*ism (?), n.

1. A word, phrase, or idiom, peculiar to the Italians; an Italicism.

2. Attachment to, or sympathy for, Italy.

Italianize

I*tal"ian*ize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Italianized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Italianizing (?).] [Cf. F. italianiser, It. italianizzare.]

1. To play the Italian; to speak Italian. Cotgrave.

2. To render Italian in any respect; to Italianate. "An Englishman Italianized." Lowell.

Italic

I*tal"ic (?), a. [L. Italicus: cf. F. italique. Cf. Italian.]

1. Relating to Italy or to its people.

2. Applied especially to a kind of type in which the letters do not stand upright, but slope toward the right; -- so called because dedicated to the States of Italy by the inventor, Aldus Manutius, about the year 1500. Italic languages, the group or family of languages of ancient Italy. -- Italic order (Arch.), the composite order. See Composite. -- Italic school, a term given to the Pythagorean and Eleatic philosophers, from the country where their doctrines were first promulgated. -- Italic version. See Itala.

Italic

I*tal"ic, n.; pl. Italics (. (Print.) An Italic letter, character, or type (see Italic, a., 2.); -- often in the plural; as, the Italics are the author's. Italic letters are used to distinguish words for emphasis, importance, antithesis, etc. Also, collectively, Italic letters.

Italicism

I*tal"i*cism (?), n.

1. A phrase or idiom peculiar to the Italian language; to Italianism.

2. The use of Italics.

Italicize

I*tal"i*cize (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Italicized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Italicizing (?).] To print in Italic characters; to underline written letters or words with a single line; as, to Italicize a word; Italicizes too much.

Ita palm

I"ta palm` (?). (Bot.) A magnificent species of palm (Mauritia flexuosa), growing near the Orinoco. The natives eat its fruit and buds, drink its sap, and make thread and cord from its fiber.

Itch

Itch (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Itched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Itching.] [OE. icchen, , AS. giccan; akin to D. jeuken, joken, G. jucken, OHG. jucchen.]

1. To have an uneasy sensation in the skin, which inclines the person to scratch the part affected.

My mouth hath itched all this long day. Chaucer.

2. To have a constant desire or teasing uneasiness; to long for; as, itching ears. "An itching palm." Shak.

Itch

Itch, n.

1. (Med.) An eruption of small, isolated, acuminated vesicles, produced by the entrance of a parasitic mite (the Sarcoptes scabei), and attended with itching. It is transmissible by contact.

2. Any itching eruption.

3. A sensation in the skin occasioned (or resembling that occasioned) by the itch eruption; -- called also scabies, psora, etc.

4. A constant irritating desire.

An itch of being thought a divine king. Dryden.
Baker's itch. See under Baker. -- Barber's itch, sycosis. -- Bricklayer's itch, an eczema of the hands attended with much itching, occurring among bricklayers. -- Grocer's itch, an itching eruption, being a variety of eczema, produced by the sugar mite (Tyrogluphus sacchari). -- Itch insect (Zo\'94l.), a small parasitic mite (Sarcoptes scabei) which burrows and breeds beneath the human skin, thus causing the disease known as the itch. See Illust. in Append. -- Itch mite. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Itch insect, above. Also, other similar mites affecting the lower animals, as the horse and ox. -- Sugar baker's itch, a variety of eczema, due to the action of sugar upon the skin. -- Washerwoman's itch, eczema of the hands and arms, occurring among washerwomen.

Itchiness

Itch"i*ness (?), n. The state of being itchy.

Itchless

Itch"less, a. Free from itching.

Itchy

Itch"y (?), a. Infected with the itch, or with an itching sensation. Cowper.

-ite

-ite (?). [From Gr.

1. A suffix denoting one of a party, a sympathizer with or adherent of, and the like, and frequently used in ridicule; as, a Millerite; a Benthamite.

2. A suffix used in naming minerals; as, chlorite, from its characteristic green color; barite, from its heaviness; graphite, from its use in writing.

3. (Chem.) A suffix used to denote the salts formed from those acids whose names end in -ous; as, sulphite, from sulphurous; nitrite, from nitrous acid, etc.

Item

I"tem (?), adv. [L. See Iterate.] Also; as an additional article.

Item

I"tem (?), n. [From Item, adv.]

1. An article; a separate particular in an account; as, the items in a bill.

2. A hint; an innuendo. [Obs.]

A secret item was given to some of the bishops . . . to absent themselves. Fuller.

3. A short article in a newspaper; a paragraph; as, an item concerning the weather.

Item

I"tem, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Itemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Iteming.] To make a note or memorandum of.
I have itemed it in my memory. Addison.

Itemize

I"tem*ize (?), v. t. To state in items, or by particulars; as, to itemize the cost of a railroad. [Local, U. S.]

Iter

I"ter (?), n. [L. See Eyre.] (Anat.) A passage; esp., the passage between the third and fourth ventricles in the brain; the aqueduct of Sylvius.

Iterable

It"er*a*ble (?), a. [L. iterabilis. See Iterate.] Capable of being iterated or repeated. [Obs.]

Iterance

It"er*ance (?), n. Iteration. [Obs.]

Iterant

It"er*ant (?), a. [L. iterans, p. pr. of iterare.] Repeating; iterating; as, an iterant echo. Bacon.

Iterate

It"er*ate (?), a. [L. iteratus, p. p. of iterare to repeat, fr. iterum again, prop. a compar. from the stem of is he, that; cf. L. ita so, item likewise, also, Skr. itara other, iti thus. Cf. Identity, Item.] Uttered or done again; repeated. [Obs.] Bp. Gardiner.

Iterate

It"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Iterated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Iterating.] To utter or do a second time or many times; to repeat; as, to iterate advice.
Nor Eve to iterate Her former trespass feared. Milton.

Iterate

It"er*ate (?), adv. By way of iteration.

Iteration

It`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. iteratio.] Recital or performance a second time; repetition. Bacon.
What needs this iteration, woman? Shak.

Iterative

It"er*a*tive (?), a. [L. iterativus: cf. F. it\'82ratif.] Repeating. Cotgrave. -- It"er*a*tive*ly, adv.

Ithyphallic

Ith`y*phal"lic (?), a. [L. ithyphallicus, fr. ithyphallus, Gr. membrum virile erectum, or a figure thereof carried in the festivals of Bacchus.] Lustful; lewd; salacious; indecent; obscene.

Itineracy

I*tin"er*a*cy (?), n. The act or practice of itinerating; itinerancy.

Itinerancy

I*tin"er*an*cy (?), n. [See Itinerant.]

1. A passing from place to place. Dr. H. More.

2. A discharge of official duty involving frequent change of residence; the custom or practice of discharging official duty in this way; also, a body of persons who thus discharge official duty.

Itinerant

I*tin"er*ant (?), a. [LL. itinerans, -antis, p. pr. of itinerare to make a journey, fr. L. iter, itineris, a walk, way, journey. See Errant, Issue.] Passing or traveling about a country; going or preaching on a circuit; wandering; not settled; as, an itinerant preacher; an itinerant peddler.
The king's own courts were then itinerant, being kept in the king's palace, and removing with his household in those royal progresses which he continually made. Blackstone.

Itinerant

I*tin"er*ant, a. One who travels from place to place, particularly a preacher; one who is unsettled.
Glad to turn itinerant, To stroll and teach from town to town. Hudibras.

Itinerantly

I*tin"er*ant*ly, adv. In an itinerant manner.

Itinerary

I*tin"er*a*ry (?), a. [L. itinerarius: cf. F. itin\'82raire. See Itinerant.] Itinerant; traveling; passing from place to place; done on a journey.
It was rather an itinerary circuit of justice than a progress. Bacon.

Itinerary

I*tin"er*a*ry, n.; pl. Itineraries (#). [L. itinerarium: cf. F. itin\'82raire. See Itinerary, a.] An account of travels, or a register of places and distances as a guide to travelers; as, the Itinerary of Antoninus.

Itinerate

I*tin"er*ate (?). v. i. [imp. & p. p. Itinerated (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Itinerating (#).] [LL. itineratus, p. p. of itinerari, itinerare. See Itinerant.] To wander without a settled habitation; to travel from place or on a circuit, particularly for the purpose of preaching, lecturing, etc.

-itis

-i"tis (?), [Gr. A suffix used in medical terms to denote an inflammatory disease of; as, arthritis; bronchitis, phrenitis.

Its

Its (?). Possessive form of the pronoun it. See It.

Itself

It*self" (?), pron. The neuter reciprocal pronoun of It; as, the thing is good in itself; it stands by itself.
Borrowing of foreigners, in itself, makes not the kingdom rich or poor. Locke.

Ittria

It"tri*a (?), n. [NL.] See Yttria.

Ittrium

It"tri*um (?), n. [NL.] See Yttrium.

Itzibu

It"zi*bu (?), n. [Jap. ichibu.] (Numis.) A silver coin of Japan, worth about thirty-four cents. [Written also itzebu, ichebu, itcheboo, etc.]

Iulidan

I*u"li*dan (?), n. [See Iulus.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Iulid\'91, a family of myriapods, of which the genus Iulus is the type. See Iulus.

Iulus

I*u"lus (?), n. [L., down, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of chilognathous myriapods. The body is long and round, consisting of numerous smooth, equal segments, each of which bears two pairs of short legs. It includes the galleyworms. See Chilognatha.

Ivan Ivanovitch

I*van" I*van"o*vitch (?). An ideal personification of the typical Russian or of the Russian people; -- used as "John Bull" is used for the typical Englishman.

I've

I've (?). Colloquial contraction of I have.

-ive

-ive (?). [L. -ivus.] An adjective suffix signifying relating or belonging to, of the nature of, tending to; as affirmative, active, conclusive, corrective, diminutive.

Ivied

I"vied (?), a. [From Ivy.] Overgrown with ivy.

Ivoride

I"vo*ride (?), n. A composition resembling ivory in appearance and used as a substitute for it.

Ivory

I"vo*ry (?), n.; pl. Ivories (#). [OE. ivori, F. ivoire, fr. L. eboreus made of ivory, fr. ebur, eboris, ivory, cf. Skr. ibha elephant. Cf. Eburnean.]
Page 794

1. The hard, white, opaque, fine-grained substance constituting the tusks of the elephant. It is a variety of dentine, characterized by the minuteness and close arrangement of the tubes, as also by their double flexure. It is used in manufacturing articles of ornament or utility. &hand; Ivory is the name commercially given not only to the substance constituting the tusks of the elephant, but also to that of the tusks of the hippopotamus and walrus, the hornlike tusk of the narwhal, etc.

2. The tusks themselves of the elephant, etc.

3. Any carving executed in ivory. Mollett.

4. pl. Teeth; as, to show one's ivories. [Slang] Ivory black. See under Black, n. -- Ivory gull (Zo\'94l.), a white Arctic gull (Larus eburneus). -- Ivory nut (Bot.), the nut of a species of palm, the Phytephas macroarpa, often as large as a hen's egg. When young the seed contains a fluid, which gradually hardness into a whitish, close-grained, albuminous substance, resembling the finest ivory in texture and color, whence it is called vegetable ivory. It is wrought into various articles, as buttons, chessmen, etc. The palm is found in New Grenada. A smaller kind is the fruit of the Phytephas microarpa. The nuts are known in commerce as Corosso nuts. -- Ivory palm (Bot.), the palm tree which produces ivory nuts. -- Ivory shell (Zo\'94l.), any species of Eburna, a genus of marine gastropod shells, having a smooth surface, usually white with red or brown spots. -- Vegetable ivory, the meat of the ivory nut. See Ivory nut (above).

Ivory-bill

I"vo*ry-bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large, handsome, North American woodpecker (Campephilus principalis), having a large, sharp, ivory-colored beak. Its general color is glossy black, with white secondaries, and a white dorsal stripe. The male has a large, scarlet crest. It is now rare, and found only in the Gulf States.

Ivorytype

I"vo*ry*type` (?), n. (photog.) A picture produced by superposing a very light print, rendered translucent by varnish, and tinted upon the back, upon a stronger print, so as to give the effect of a photograph in natural colors; -- called also hellenotype. Knight.

Ivy

I"vy (?), n.; pl. Ivies (#). [AS. \'c6fig; akin to OHG. ebawi, ebah, G. epheu.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Hedera (H. helix), common in Europe. Its leaves are evergreen, dark, smooth, shining, and mostly five-pointed; the flowers yellowish and small; the berries black or yellow. The stem clings to walls and trees by rootlike fibers.
Direct The clasping ivy where to climb. Milton.
Ye myrtles brown, with ivy never sere. Milton.
American ivy. (Bot.) See Virginia creeper. -- English ivy (Bot.), a popular name in America for the ivy proper (Hedera helix). -- German ivy (Bot.), a creeping plant, with smooth, succulent stems, and fleshy, light-green leaves; a species of Senecio (S. scandens). -- Ground ivy. (Bot.) Gill (Nepeta Glechoma). -- Ivy bush. (Bot.) See Mountain laurel, under Mountain. -- Ivy owl (Zo\'94l.), the barn owl. -- Ivy tod (Bot.), the ivy plant. Tennyson. -- Japanese ivy (Bot.), a climbing plant (Ampelopsis tricuspidata), closely related to the Virginia creeper. -- Poison ivy (Bot.), an American woody creeper (Rhus Toxicodendron), with trifoliate leaves, and greenish-white berries. It is exceedingly poisonous to the touch for most persons. -- To pipe in an ivy leaf, to console one's self as best one can. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- West Indian ivy, a climbing plant of the genus Marcgravia.

Ivy-mantled

I"vy-man`tled (?), a. Covered with ivy.

Iwis

I*wis" (?), adv. Indeed; truly. See Ywis. [Written also iwys, iwisse, etc.] [Obs.] Ascham.

Ixia

Ix"i*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A South African bulbous plant of the Iris family, remarkable for the brilliancy of its flowers.

Ixodes

Ix*o"des (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of parasitic Acarina, which includes various species of ticks. See Tick, the insect.

Ixodian

Ix*o"di*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A tick of the genus Ixodes, or the family Ixodid\'91.

Ixtle, Ixtli

Ix"tle, Ix"tli, n. (Bot.) A Mexican name for a variety of Agave rigida, which furnishes a strong coarse fiber; also, the fiber itself, which is called also pita, and Tampico fiber. [Written also istle.]

Izard

Iz"ard (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A variety of the chamois found in the Pyrenees.

-ize

-ize (?). [F. -iser, L. -izare, Gr. A verb suffix signifying to make, to do, to practice; as apologize, baptize, theorize, tyrannize. &hand; In the case of certain words the spelling with -ise (after analogy with F. -iser) is the usual form; as, catechise, criticise. With regard to most words, however, which have this suffix there is a diversity of usage, some authorities spelling -ise, others (as in this book) -ize.

Izedi

Iz"e*di (?), n. One of an Oriental religious sect which worships Satan or the Devil.
The Izedis or Yezdis, the so-called Devil worshipers, still remain a numerous though oppressed people in Mesopotamia and adjacent countries. Tylor.

Izedism

Iz"e*dism (?), n. The religion of the Izedis.

Izzard

Iz"zard (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Izard.

Izzard

Iz"zard (?), n. [Formerly ezed, prob. fr. F. et z\'90de and z.] The letter z; -- formerly so called. J.

J

J (?). J is the tenth letter of the English alphabet. It is a later variant form of the Roman letter I, used to express a consonantal sound, that is, originally, the sound of English y in yet. The forms J and I have, until a recent time, been classed together, and they have been used interchangeably. In medical prescriptions j is still used in place of i at the end of a number, as a Roman numeral; as, vj, xij. J is etymologically most closely related to i, y, g; as in jot, iota; jest, gesture; join, jugular, yoke. See I. J is a compound vocal consonant, nearly equivalent in sound to dzh. It is exactly the same as g in gem. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 179, 211, 239.

Jaal goat

Jaal" goat` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A species of wild goat (Capra Nubiana) found in the mountains of Abyssinia, Upper Egypt, and Arabia; -- called also beden, and jaela.

Jab

Jab (?), v. t. [Cf. Job.] To thrust; to stab; to punch. See Job, v. t. [Scot. & Colloq. U. S.]

Jab

Jab, n. A thrust or stab. [Scot. & Colloq. U. S.]

Jabber

Jab"ber (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jabbered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jabbering.] [Cf. Gibber, Gabble.] To talk rapidly, indistinctly, or unintelligibly; to utter gibberish or nonsense; to chatter. Swift.

Jabber

Jab"ber, v. t. To utter rapidly or indistinctly; to gabble; as, to jabber French. Addison.

Jabber

Jab"ber, n. Rapid or incoherent talk, with indistinct utterance; gibberish. Swift.

Jabber

Jab"ber (?), n. One who jabbers.

Jabberingly

Jab"ber*ing*ly, adv. In a jabbering manner.

Jabberment

Jab"ber*ment (?), n. Jabber. [R.] Milton.

Jabbernowl

Jab"ber*nowl` (?), n. Same as Jobbernowl.

Jabiru

Jab"i*ru (?), n. [Braz. jabir\'a3, jabur\'a3.] (Zo\'94l.) One of several large wading birds of the genera Mycteria and Xenorhynchus, allied to the storks in form and habits. &hand; The American jabiru (Mycteria Americana) is white, with the head and neck black and nearly bare of feathers. The East Indian and Australian (Xenorhynchus Australis) has the neck, head, and back covered with glossy, dark green feathers, changing on the head to purple. The African jabiru (Mycteria, ∨ Ephippiorhynchus, Senegalensis) has the neck, head, wing coverts, and tail, black, and is called also saddle-billed stork.

Jaborandi

Jab`o*ran"di (?), n. (Bot.) The native name of a South American rutaceous shrub (Pilocarpus pennatifolius). The leaves are used in medicine as an diaphoretic and sialogogue.

Jaborine

Jab"o*rine (?), n. [From Jaborandi.] (Chem.) An alkaloid found in jaborandi leaves, from which it is extracted as a white amorphous substance. In its action it resembles atropine.

Jabot

Jab"ot (?), n. [F.]

1. Originally, a kind of ruffle worn by men on the bosom of the shirt.

2. An arrangement of lace or tulle, looped ornamentally, and worn by women on the front of the dress.

Jacamar

Jac"a*mar` (?), n. [F. jacamar, Braz. jacamarica; cf. Sp. jacamar.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of tropical American birds of the genus Galbula and allied genera. They are allied to the kingfishers, but climb on tree trunks like nuthatches, and feed upon insects. Their colors are often brilliant.

Jacana

Jac"a*na` (?), n. [Cf. Sp. jacania.] (Zo\'94l.) Any of several wading birds belonging to the genus Jacana and several allied genera, all of which have spurs on the wings. They are able to run about over floating water weeds by means of their very long, spreading toes. Called also surgeon bird. &hand; The most common South American species is Jacana spinosa. The East Indian or pheasant jacana (Hydrophasianus chirurgus) is remarkable for having four very long, curved, middle tail feathers.

Jacaranda

Jac`a*ran"da (?), n. [Braz.; cf. Sp. & Pg. jacaranda.] (Bot.) (a) The native Brazilian name for certain leguminous trees, which produce the beautiful woods called king wood, tiger wood, and violet wood. (b) A genus of bignoniaceous Brazilian trees with showy trumpet-shaped flowers.

Jacare

Jac"a*re` (?), n. [Pg. jacar\'82; of Brazilian origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A cayman. See Yacare.

Jacchus

Jac"chus (?), n. [NL., fr. L. Jacchus a mystic name of Bacchus, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The common marmoset (Hapale vulgaris). Formerly, the name was also applied to other species of the same genus.

Jacconet

Jac"co*net (?), n. See Jaconet.

Jacent

Ja"cent (?), a. [L. jacens, p. pr. of jacere to lie: cf. F. jacent.] Lying at length; as, the jacent posture. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.

Jacinth

Ja"cinth (?), n. [F. jacinthe, L. hyacinthus. See Hyacinth.] See Hyacinth. Tennyson.

Jack

Jack (?), n. [Pg. jaca, Malayalam, tsjaka.] (Bot.) A large tree, the Artocarpus integrifolia, common in the East Indies, closely allied to the breadfruit, from which it differs in having its leaves entire. The fruit is of great size, weighing from thirty to forty pounds, and through its soft fibrous matter are scattered the seeds, which are roasted and eaten. The wood is of a yellow color, fine grain, and rather heavy, and is much used in cabinetwork. It is also used for dyeing a brilliant yellow. [Written also jak.]

Jack

Jack (?), n. [F. Jacques James, L. Jacobus, Gr. Ya 'aq Jacob; prop., seizing by the heel; hence, a supplanter. Cf. Jacobite, Jockey.]

1. A familiar nickname of, or substitute for, John.

You are John Rugby, and you are Jack Rugby. Shak.

2. An impertinent or silly fellow; a simpleton; a boor; a clown; also, a servant; a rustic. "Jack fool." Chaucer.

Since every Jack became a gentleman, There 's many a gentle person made a Jack. Shak.

3. A popular colloquial name for a sailor; -- called also Jack tar, and Jack afloat.

4. A mechanical contrivance, an auxiliary machine, or a subordinate part of a machine, rendering convenient service, and often supplying the place of a boy or attendant who was commonly called Jack; as: (a) A device to pull off boots. (b) A sawhorse or sawbuck. (c) A machine or contrivance for turning a spit; a smoke jack, or kitchen jack. (b) (Mining) A wooden wedge for separating rocks rent by blasting. (e) (Knitting Machine) A lever for depressing the sinkers which push the loops down on the needles. (f) (Warping Machine) A grating to separate and guide the threads; a heck box. (g) (Spinning) A machine for twisting the sliver as it leaves the carding machine. (h) A compact, portable machine for planing metal. (i) A machine for slicking or pebbling leather. (k) A system of gearing driven by a horse power, for multiplying speed. (l) A hood or other device placed over a chimney or vent pipe, to prevent a back draught. (m) In the harpsichord, an intermediate piece communicating the action of the key to the quill; -- called also hopper. (n) In hunting, the pan or frame holding the fuel of the torch used to attract game at night; also, the light itself. C. Hallock.

5. A portable machine variously constructed, for exerting great pressure, or lifting or moving a heavy body through a small distance. It consists of a lever, screw, rack and pinion, hydraulic press, or any simple combination of mechanical powers, working in a compact pedestal or support and operated by a lever, crank, capstan bar, etc. The name is often given to a jackscrew, which is a kind of jack.

6. The small bowl used as a mark in the game of bowls. Shak.

Like an uninstructed bowler who thinks to attain the jack by delivering his bowl straight forward upon it. Sir W. Scott.

7. The male of certain animals, as of the ass.

8. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A young pike; a pickerel. (b) The jurel. (c) A large, California rock fish (Sebastodes paucispinus); -- called also boccaccio, and m\'82rou. (d) The wall-eyed pike.

9. A drinking measure holding half a pint; also, one holding a quarter of a pint. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

10. (Naut.) (a) A flag, containing only the union, without the fly, usually hoisted on a jack staff at the bowsprit cap; -- called also union jack. The American jack is a small blue flag, with a star for each State. (b) A bar of iron athwart ships at a topgallant masthead, to support a royal mast, and give spread to the royal shrouds; -- called also jack crosstree. R. H. Dana, Jr.


Page 795

11. The knave of a suit of playing cards. <-- 12. (pl) same as jackstone (which see): A game played with small (metallic, with tetrahedrally oriented spikes) objects (the jacks(1950+), formerly jackstones) that are tossed, caught, picked up, and arranged on a horizontal surface in various patterns; in the modern American game, the movements are accompanied by tossing or bouncing a rubber ball on the horizontal surface supporting the jacks. 13. (slang) Money. 14 (MW10= 9) a. Apple jack. b. brandy --> &hand; Jack is used adjectively in various senses. It sometimes designates something cut short or diminished in size; as, a jack timber; a jack rafter; a jack arch, etc. Jack arch, an arch of the thickness of one brick. -- Jack back (Brewing & Malt Vinegar Manuf.), a cistern which receives the wort. See under 1st Back. -- Jack block (Naut.), a block fixed in the topgallant or royal rigging, used for raising and lowering light masts and spars. -- Jack boots, boots reaching above the knee; -- worn in the 17 century by soldiers; afterwards by fishermen, etc.<-- see jack-booted --> -- Jack crosstree. (Naut.) See 10, b, above. -- Jack curlew (Zo\'94l.), the whimbrel. -- Jack frame. (Cotton Spinning) See 4 (g), above. -- Jack Frost, frost personified as a mischievous person. -- Jack hare, a male hare. Cowper. -- Jack lamp, a lamp for still hunting and camp use. See def. 4 (n.), above. -- Jack plane, a joiner's plane used for coarse work. -- Jack post, one of the posts which support the crank shaft of a deep-well-boring apparatus. -- Jack pot (Poker Playing), the name given to the stakes, contributions to which are made by each player successively, till such a hand is turned as shall take the "pot," which is the sum total of all the bets.<-- see also jackpot --> -- Jack rabbit (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large American hares, having very large ears and long legs. The California species (Lepus Californicus), and that of Texas and New Mexico (L. callotis), have the tail black above, and the ears black at the tip. They do not become white in winter. The more northern prairie hare (L. campestris) has the upper side of the tail white, and in winter its fur becomes nearly white. -- Jack rafter (Arch.), in England, one of the shorter rafters used in constructing a hip or valley roof; in the United States, any secondary roof timber, as the common rafters resting on purlins in a trussed roof; also, one of the pieces simulating extended rafters, used under the eaves in some styles of building. -- Jack salmon (Zo\'94l.), the wall-eyed pike, or glasseye. -- Jack sauce, an impudent fellow. [Colloq. & Obs.] -- Jack shaft (Mach.), the first intermediate shaft, in a factory or mill, which receives power, through belts or gearing, from a prime mover, and transmits it, by the same means, to other intermediate shafts or to a line shaft. -- Jack sinker (Knitting Mach.), a thin iron plate operated by the jack to depress the loop of thread between two needles. -- Jack snipe. (Zo\'94l.) See in the Vocabulary. -- Jack staff (Naut.), a staff fixed on the bowsprit cap, upon which the jack is hoisted. -- Jack timber (Arch.), any timber, as a rafter, rib, or studding, which, being intercepted, is shorter than the others. -- Jack towel, a towel hung on a roller for common use. -- Jack truss (Arch.), in a hip roof, a minor truss used where the roof has not its full section. -- Jack tree. (Bot.) See 1st Jack, n. -- Jack yard (Naut.), a short spar to extend a topsail beyond the gaff. Blue jack, blue vitriol; sulphate of copper. -- Hydraulic jack, a jack used for lifting, pulling, or forcing, consisting of a compact portable hydrostatic press, with its pump and a reservoir containing a supply of liquid, as oil. -- Jack-at-a-pinch. (a) One called upon to take the place of another in an emergency. (b) An itinerant parson who conducts an occasional service for a fee. -- Jack-at-all-trades, one who can turn his hand to any kind of work. -- Jack-by-the-hedge (Bot.), a plant of the genus Erysimum (E. alliaria, or Alliaria officinalis), which grows under hedges. It bears a white flower and has a taste not unlike garlic. Called also, in England, sauce-alone. Eng. Cyc. -- Jack-in-a-box. (a) (Bot.) A tropical tree (Hernandia sonora), which bears a drupe that rattles when dry in the inflated calyx. (b) A child's toy, consisting of a box, out of which, when the lid is raised, a figure springs. (c) (Mech.) An epicyclic train of bevel gears for transmitting rotary motion to two parts in such a manner that their relative rotation may be variable; applied to driving the wheels of tricycles, road locomotives, and to cotton machinery, etc.; an equation box; a jack frame; -- called also compensating gearing. (d) A large wooden screw turning in a nut attached to the crosspiece of a rude press. -- Jack-in-office, an insolent fellow in authority. Wolcott. -- Jack-in-the-bush (Bot.), a tropical shrub with red fruit (Cordia Cylindrostachya). -- Jack-in-the-green, a chimney sweep inclosed in a framework of boughs, carried in Mayday processions. -- Jack-in-the-pulpit (Bot.), the American plant Aris\'91ma triphyllum, or Indian turnip, in which the upright spadix is inclosed. -- Jack-of-the-buttery (Bot.), the stonecrop (Sedum acre). -- Jack-of-the-clock, a figure, usually of a man, on old clocks, which struck the time on the bell. -- Jack-on-both-sides, one who is or tries to be neutral. -- Jack-out-of-office, one who has been in office and is turned out. Shak. -- Jack the Giant Killer, the hero of a well-known nursery story. -- Jack-with-a-lantern, Jack-o'-lantern. (a) An ignis fatuus; a will-o'-the-wisp. "[Newspaper speculations] supplying so many more jack-o'-lanterns to the future historian." Lowell. (b) A lantern made of a pumpkin so prepared as to show in illumination the features of a human face, etc. -- Yellow Jack (Naut.), the yellow fever; also, the quarantine flag. See Yellow flag, under Flag.

Jack

Jack (?), n. [F. jaque, jacque, perh. from the proper name Jacques. Cf. Jacquerie.] A coarse and cheap medi\'91val coat of defense, esp. one made of leather.
Their horsemen are with jacks for most part clad. Sir J. Harrington.

Jack

Jack (?), n. [Named from its resemblance to a jack boot.] A pitcher or can of waxed leather; -- called also black jack. [Obs.] Dryden.

Jack

Jack, v. i. To hunt game at night by means of a jack. See 2d Jack, n., 4, n.

Jack

Jack, v. t. To move or lift, as a house, by means of a jack or jacks. See 2d Jack, n., 5. <-- = jack up -->

Jack-a-dandy

Jack`-a-dan"dy (?), n. A little dandy; a little, foppish, impertinent fellow.

Jackal

Jack"al` (?), n. [Pers. shagh\'bel: cf. OF. jackal, F. chacal; cf. Skr. \'87\'f0g\'bela.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of carnivorous animals inhabiting Africa and Asia, related to the dog and wolf. They are cowardly, nocturnal, and gregarious. They feed largely on carrion, and are noted for their piercing and dismal howling. &hand; The common species of Southern Asia (Canis aureus) is yellowish gray, varied with brown on the shoulders, haunches, and legs. The common African species (C. anthus) is darker in color.

2. One who does mean work for another's advantage, as jackals were once thought to kill game which lions appropriated. [Colloq.] Ld. Lytton.

Jack-a-lent

Jack"-a-lent (?), n. A small stuffed puppet to be pelted in Lent; hence, a simple fellow.

Jackanapes

Jack"a*napes (?), n. [For Jack o' (= of) apes; prop., a man who exhibits apes.] [Written also jackanape.]

1. A monkey; an ape. Shak.

2. A coxcomb; an impertinent or conceited fellow.

A young upstart jackanapes. Arbuthnot.

Jackass

Jack"ass` (?), n. [2d jack + ass.]

1. The male ass; a donkey.

2. A conceited dolt; a perverse blockhead. Jackass bark (Naut.), a three-masted vessel, with only the foremast square-rigged; a barkentine. -- Jackass deer (Zo\'94l.), the koba. -- Jackass hare, Jackass rabbit (Zo\'94l.). See Jack rabbit, under 2d Jack, n. -- Jackass penguin (Zo\'94l.), any species of penguin of the genus Spheniscus, of which several are known. One species (S. demersus) inhabits the islands near the Cape of Good Hope; another (S. Magellanicus) is found at the Falkland Islands. They make a noise like the braying of an ass; -- hence the name. -- Laughing jackass. (Zo\'94l.) See under Laughing.

Jackdaw

Jack"daw` (?), n. [Prob. 2d jack + daw, n.] (Zo\'94l.) See Daw, n.

Jackeen

Jack*een" (?), n. A drunken, dissolute fellow. [Ireland] S. C. Hall.

Jacket

Jack"et (?), n. [F. jaquette, dim. of jaque. See 3d Jack, n.]

1. A short upper garment, extending downward to the hips; a short coat without skirts.

2. An outer covering for anything, esp. a covering of some nonconducting material such as wood or felt, used to prevent radiation of heat, as from a steam boiler, cylinder, pipe, etc.

3. (Mil.) In ordnance, a strengthening band surrounding and re\'89nforcing the tube in which the charge is fired.

4. A garment resembling a waistcoat lined with cork, to serve as a life preserver; -- called also cork jacket. Blue jacket. (Naut.) See under Blue. -- Steam jacket, a space filled with steam between an inner and an outer cylinder, or between a casing and a receptacle, as a kettle. -- To dust one's jacket, to give one a beating. [Colloq.]

Jacket

Jack"et, v. t.

1. To put a jacket on; to furnish, as a boiler, with a jacket.

2. To thrash; to beat. [Low]

Jacketed

Jack"et*ed, a. Wearing, or furnished with, a jacket.

Jacketing

Jack"et*ing, n. The material of a jacket; as, nonconducting jacketing.

Jack Ketch

Jack" Ketch" (?). [Perh. fr. Jack, the proper name + Prov. E. ketch a hangman, fr. ketch, for catch to seize; but see the citations below.] A public executioner, or hangman. [Eng.]
The manor of Tyburn was formerly held by Richard Jaquett, where felons for a long time were executed; from whence we have Jack Ketch. Lloyd's MS., British Museum.
[Monmouth] then accosted John Ketch, the executioner, a wretch who had butchered many brave and noble victims, and whose name has, during a century and a half, been vulgarly given to all who have succeeded him in his odious office. Macaulay.

Jackknife

Jack"knife` (?), n. A large, strong clasp knife for the pocket; a pocket knife.

Jackman

Jack"man (?), n.; pl. Jackmen (.

1. One wearing a jack; a horse soldier; a retainer. See 3d Jack, n.

Christie . . . the laird's chief jackman. Sir W. Scott.

2. A cream cheese. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

Jack-o'-lantern

Jack"-o'-lan`tern (?), n. See Jack-with-a-lantern, under 2d Jack. <--

Jackpot

Jackpot 1. (a) See "jack pot" under jack; (b) any larger-than-usual gambling prize formed by the accumulation of unwon bets[=MW10 1(a)(2) and 1(c)]; (c) the highest gambling prize awarded in a gambling game in which smaller prizes are also awarded, especially such a prize on a slot machine. 2. (a) An unusually large success in an enterprise, either unexpected or unpredictable, esp. one providing a great financial benefit. hit the jackpotto receive an unexpectedly large (or the largest possible) benefit from an enterprise. -->

Jackpudding

Jack"pud`ding (?), n. A merry-andrew; a buffoon. Milton.

Jacksaw

Jack"saw` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The merganser.

Jackscrew

Jack"screw` (?), n. A jack in which a screw is used for lifting, or exerting pressure. See Illust. of 2d Jack, n., 5.

Jackslave

Jack"slave` (?), n. A low servant; a mean fellow. Shak.

Jacksmith

Jack"smith` (?), n. A smith who makes jacks. See 2d Jack, 4, c. Dryden.

Jacksnipe

Jack"snipe` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small European snipe (Limnocryptes gallinula); -- called also judcock, jedcock, juddock, jed, and half snipe. (b) A small American sandpiper (Tringa maculata); -- called also pectoral sandpiper, and grass snipe.

Jackstay

Jack"stay` (?), n. (Naut.) A rail of wood or iron stretching along a yard of a vessel, to which the sails are fastened.

Jackstone

Jack"stone` (?), n. (a) One of the pebbles or pieces used in the game of jackstones. (b) (pl.) A game played with five small stones or pieces of metal. See 6th Chuck. <-- also called "jacks" see jack, n. 12 -->

Jackstraw

Jack"straw` (?), n.

1. An effigy stuffed with straw; a scarecrow; hence, a man without property or influence. Milton.

2. One of a set of straws of strips of ivory, bone, wood, etc., for playing a child's game, the jackstraws being thrown confusedly together on a table, to be gathered up singly by a hooked instrument, without touching or disturbing the rest of the pile. See Spilikin.<-- = Sim. to pick-up-sticks (U.S. 1940+), played with thin wooden sticks of different colors, having different values for scoring, and dislodged from the pile with the hand or one of the sticks -->

Jackwood

Jack"wood` (?), n. Wood of the jack (Artocarpus integrifolia), used in cabinetwork.

Jacob

Ja"cob (?), n. [Cf. F. Jacob. See 2d Jack.] A Hebrew patriarch (son of Isaac, and ancestor of the Jews), who in a vision saw a ladder reaching up to heaven (Gen. xxviii. 12); -- also called Israel.
And Jacob said . . . with my staff I passed over this Jordan, and now I am become two bands. Gen. xxxii. 9, 10.
Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel. Gen. xxxii. 28.
Jacob's ladder. (a) (Bot.) A perennial herb of the genus Polemonium (P. c\'d2ruleum), having corymbs of drooping flowers, usually blue. Gray. (b) (Naut.) A rope ladder, with wooden steps, for going aloft. R. H. Dana, Jr. (c) (Naut.) A succession of short cracks in a defective spar. -- Jacob's membrane. See Retina. -- Jacob's staff. (a) A name given to many forms of staff or weapon, especially in the Middle Ages; a pilgrim's staff. [Obs.] Spenser. (b) (Surveying) See under Staff.

Jacob\'91an lily

Jac`o*b\'91"an lil"y (?). [See Jacobean.] (Bot.) A bulbous plant (Amaryllis, ∨ Sprekelia, formosissima) from Mexico. It bears a single, large, deep, red, lilylike flower. [Written also Jacobean.]

Jacobean; 277, Jacobian

Ja*co"be*an (?; 277), Ja*co"bi*an (?), a. [From L. Jacobus James. See 2d Jack.] Of or pertaining to a style of architecture and decoration in the time of James the First, of England. "A Jacobean table." C. L. Eastlake.

Jacobin

Jac"o*bin (?), n. [F. See 2d Jack, Jacobite.]

1. (Eccl. Hist.) A Dominican friar; -- so named because, before the French Revolution, that order had a convent in the Rue St. Jacques, Paris.

2. One of a society of violent agitators in France, during the revolution of 1789, who held secret meetings in the Jacobin convent in the Rue St. Jacques, Paris, and concerted measures to control the proceedings of the National Assembly. Hence: A plotter against an existing government; a turbulent demagogue.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A fancy pigeon, in which the feathers of the neck form a hood, -- whence the name. The wings and tail are long, and the beak moderately short.

Jacobin

Jac"o*bin, a. Same as Jacobinic.

Jacobine

Jac"o*bine (?), n. A Jacobin.

Jacobinic, Jacobinical

Jac`o*bin"ic (?), Jac`o*bin"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Jacobins of France; revolutionary; of the nature of, or characterized by, Jacobinism. Burke. -- Jac`o*bin"ic*al*ly, adv.

Jacobinism

Jac"o*bin*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. Jacobinisme.] The principles of the Jacobins; violent and factious opposition to legitimate government.
Under this new stimulus, Burn's previous Jacobitism passed towards the opposite, but not very distant, extreme of Jacobinism. J. C. Shairp.

Jacobinize

Jac"o*bin*ize` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jacobinized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jacobinizing (?).] [Cf. F. Jacobiniser.] To taint with, or convert to, Jacobinism.
France was not then jacobinized. Burke.

Jacobite

Jac"o*bite (?), n. [L. Jacobus James: cf. F. Jacobite. See 2d Jack.]

1. (Eng. Hist.) A partisan or adherent of James the Second, after his abdication, or of his descendants, an opposer of the revolution in 1688 in favor of William and Mary. Macaulay.

2. (Eccl.) One of the sect of Syrian Monophysites. The sect is named after Jacob Barad\'91us, its leader in the sixth century.

Jacobite

Jac"o*bite, a. Of or pertaining to the Jacobites.

Jacobitic, Jacobitical

Jac`o*bit"ic (?), Jac`o*bit"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Jacobites; characterized by Jacobitism. -- Jac`o*bit"ic*al*ly, adv.

Jacobitism

Jac"o*bit*ism` (?), n. The principles of the Jacobites. Mason.

Jacobus

Ja*co"bus (?), n.; pl. Jacobuses (#). [See Jacobite.] An English gold coin, of the value of twenty-five shillings sterling, struck in the reign of James I.

Jaconet

Jac"o*net (?), n. [F. jaconas.] A thin cotton fabric, between and muslin, used for dresses, neckcloths, etc. [Written also jacconet.]

Jacquard

Jac*quard" (?), a. Pertaining to, or invented by, Jacquard, a French mechanician, who died in 1834. Jacquard apparatus ∨ arrangement, a device applied to looms for weaving figured goods, consisting of mechanism controlled by a chain of variously perforated cards, which cause the warp threads to be lifted in the proper succession for producing the required figure. -- Jacquard card, one of the perforated cards of a Jacquard apparatus. -- Jackquard loom, a loom with Jacquard apparatus.

Jacqueminot

Jacque"mi*not (?), n. A half-hardy, deep crimson rose of the remontant class; -- so named after General Jacqueminot, of France.

Jacquerie

Jacque`rie" (?), n. [F.] The name given to a revolt of French peasants against the nobles in 1358, the leader assuming the contemptuous title, Jacques Bonhomme, given by the nobles to the peasantry. Hence, any revolt of peasants.

Jactancy

Jac"tan*cy (?), n. [L. jactantia, fr. jactans, p. pr. of jactare to throw, boast, freq. fr. jacere to throw; cf. F. jactance.] A boasting; a bragging. [Obs.]
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Jactation

Jac*ta"tion (?), n. [L. jactatio, fr. jactare: af. F. jactation. See Jactancy.] A throwing or tossing of the body; a shaking or agitation. Sir. W. Temple.

Jactitation

Jac"ti*ta"tion (?), n. [L. jactitare to utter in public, from jactare. See Jactancy.]

1. (Law) Vain boasting or assertions repeated to the prejudice of another's right; false claim. Mozley & W.

2. (Med.) A frequent tossing or moving of the body; restlessness, as in delirium. Dunglison. Jactitation of marriage (Eng. Eccl. Law), a giving out or boasting by a party that he or she is married to another, whereby a common reputation of their matrimony may ensue. Blackstone.

Jaculable

Jac"u*la*ble (?), a. Fit for throwing. [Obs.]

Jaculate

Jac"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jaculated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jaculating.] [L. jaculatus, p. p. of jaculari. See Ejaculate.] To throw or cast, as a dart; to throw out; to emit.

Jaculation

Jac`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. jaculatio.] The act of tossing, throwing, or hurling, as spears.
Hurled to and fro with jaculation dire. Milton.

Jaculator

Jac"u*la`tor (?), [L.]

1. One who throws or casts. [R.]

2. (Zo\'94l.) The archer fish (Toxotes jaculator).

Jaculatory

Jac"u*la*to*ry (?), a. [L. jaculatorius: cf. F. jaculatoire.] Darting or throwing out suddenly; also, suddenly thrown out; uttered in short sentences; ejaculatory; as, jaculatory prayers. Smart.

Jadding

Jad"ding (?), n. (Mining) See Holing.

Jade

Jade (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. jade, fr. piedra de ijada stone of the side, fr. ijada flank, side, pain in the side, the stone being so named because it was supposed to cure this pain. Sp. ijada is derived fr. L. ilia flanks. Cf. Iliac.] (Min.) A stone, commonly of a pale to dark green color but sometimes whitish. It is very hard and compact, capable of fine polish, and is used for ornamental purposes and for implements, esp. in Eastern countries and among many early peoples. &hand; The general term jade includes nephrite, a compact variety of tremolite with a specific gravity of 3, and also the mineral jadeite, a silicate of alumina and soda, with a specific gravity of 3.3. The latter is the more highly prized and includes the feitsui of the Chinese. The name has also been given to other tough green minerals capable of similar use.

Jade

Jade, n. [OE. jade; cf. Prov. E. yaud, Scot. yade, yad, yaud, Icel. jalda a mare.]

1. A mean or tired horse; a worthless nag. Chaucer.

Tired as a jade in overloaden cart. Sir P. Sidney.

2. A disreputable or vicious woman; a wench; a quean; also, sometimes, a worthless man. Shak.

She shines the first of battered jades. Swift.

3. A young woman; -- generally so called in irony or slight contempt.

A souple jade she was, and strang. Burns.

Jade

Jade, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Jading.]

1. To treat like a jade; to spurn. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To make ridiculous and contemptible. [Obs.]

I do now fool myself, to let imagination jade me. Shak.

3. To exhaust by overdriving or long-continued labor of any kind; to tire or wear out by severe or tedious tasks; to harass.

The mind, once jaded by an attempt above its power, . . . checks at any vigorous undertaking ever after. Locke.
Syn. -- To fatigue; tire; weary; harass. -- To Jade, Fatigue, Tire, Weary. Fatigue is the generic term; tire denotes fatigue which wastes the strength; weary implies that a person is worn out by exertion; jade refers to the weariness created by a long and steady repetition of the same act or effort. A little exertion will tire a child or a weak person; a severe or protracted task wearies equally the body and the mind; the most powerful horse becomes jaded on a long journey by a continual straining of the same muscles. Wearied with labor of body or mind; tired of work, tired out by importunities; jaded by incessant attention to business.

Jade

Jade, v. i. To become weary; to lose spirit.
They . . . fail, and jade, and tire in the prosecution. South.

Jadeite

Jade"ite (?), n. (Min.) See Jade, the stone.

Jadery

Jad"er*y (?), n. The tricks of a jade.

Jadish

Jad"ish, a.

1. Vicious; ill-tempered; resembling a jade; -- applied to a horse.

2. Unchaste; -- applied to a woman. L'Estrange.

Jaeger

Jae"ger (?), n. See Jager.

Jag

Jag (?), n. [Prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. gag aperture, cleft, chink; akin to Ir. & Gael. gag.] [Written also jagg.]

1. A notch; a cleft; a barb; a ragged or sharp protuberance; a denticulation.

Arethuss arose . . . From rock and from jag. Shelley.
Garments thus beset with long jags. Holland.

2. A part broken off; a fragment. Bp. Hacket.

3. (Bot.) A cleft or division. Jag bolt, a bolt with a nicked or barbed shank which resists retraction, as when leaded into stone.

Jag

Jag, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jagging (?).] To cut into notches or teeth like those of a saw; to notch.
[Written also jagg.
Jagging iron, a wheel with a zigzag or jagged edge for cutting cakes or pastry into ornamental figures.

Jag

Jag, n. [Scot. jag, jaug, a leather bag or wallet, a pocket. Cf. Jag a notch.] A small load, as of hay or grain in the straw, or of ore. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] [Written also jagg.] Forby.

Jag

Jag, v. t. To carry, as a load; as, to jag hay, etc. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]

Jaganatha, Jaganatha

Jag`a*nat"ha (?), Jag`a*nat"ha (?), n. See Juggernaut.

Jager

Ja"ger (?), n. [G. j\'84ger a hunter, a sportsman. Cf. Yager.] [Written also jaeger.]

1. (Mil.) A sharpshooter. See Yager.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of gull of the genus Stercorarius. Three species occur on the Atlantic coast. The jagers pursue other species of gulls and force them to disgorge their prey. The two middle tail feathers are usually decidedly longer than the rest. Called also boatswain, and marline-spike bird. The name is also applied to the skua, or Arctic gull (Megalestris skua).

Jagg

Jagg (?), v. t. & n. See Jag.

Jagged

Jag"ged (?), a. Having jags; having rough, sharp notches, protuberances, or teeth; cleft; laciniate; divided; as, jagged rocks. " Jagged vine leaves' shade." Trench. -- Jag"ged*ly, adv. -- Jag"ged*ness, n.

Jagger

Jag"ger (?), n. One who carries about a small load; a peddler. See 2d Jag. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Jagger

Jag"ger, n. [From 4th Jag.] One who, or that which, jags; specifically: (a) jagging iron used for crimping pies, cakes, etc. (b) A toothed chisel. See Jag, v. t. Jagger spring, a spring beneath a seat, and resting on cleats or blocks in the body of a vehicle. Knight.

Jaggery

Jag"ger*y (?), n. [Hind j\'begr\'c6. Cf. Sugar.] Raw palm sugar, made in the East Indies by evaporating the fresh juice of several kinds of palm trees, but specifically that of the palmyra (Borassus flabelliformis). [Written also jagghery.]

Jaggy

Jag"gy (?), a. Having jags; set with teeth; notched; uneven; as, jaggy teeth. Addison.

Jaghir

Ja"ghir (?), n. [Per. j\'beg\'c6r.] A village or district the government and revenues of which are assigned to some person, usually in consideration of some service to be rendered, esp. the maintenance of troops. [Written also jaghire, jagir, etc.] [India] Whitworth.

Jaghirdar

Ja"ghir*dar` (?), n. [Per. j\'beg\'c6r-d\'ber.] The holder of a jaghir.

Jagua palm

Ja"gua palm` (?). [Sp. jagua the fruit of the jagua palm.] (Bot.) A great Brazilian palm (Maximiliana regia), having immense spathes which are used for baskets and tubs.

Jaguar

Ja*guar" (?), n. [Braz. yago\'a0ra: cf. & Pg. jaguar.] (Zo\'94l.) A large and powerful feline animal (Felis onca), ranging from Texas and Mexico to Patagonia. It is usually brownish yellow, with large, dark, somewhat angular rings, each generally inclosing one or two dark spots. It is chiefly arboreal in its habits. Called also the American tiger.<-- now Panthera onca; also called panther -->

Jaguarondi

Ja`gua*ron"di (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A South American wild cat (Felis jaguarondi), having a long, slim body and very short legs. Its color is grayish brown, varied with a blackish hue. It is arboreal in its habits and feeds mostly on birds.

Jah

Jah (j&aum;), n. [Heb. y\'beh.] Jehovah. Ps. lxviii. 4.

Jail

Jail (?), n. [OE. jaile, gail, gayhol, OF. gaole, gaiole, jaiole, F. ge\'93le, LL. gabiola, dim. of gabia cage, for L. cavea cavity, cage. See Cage.] A kind of prison; a building for the confinement of persons held in lawful custody, especially for minor offenses or with reference to some future judicial proceeding. [Written also gaol.]
This jail I count the house of liberty. Milton.
Jail bird, a prisoner; one who has been confined in prison. [Slang] -- Jail delivery, the release of prisoners from jail, either legally or by violence. -- Jail delivery commission. See under Gaol. -- Jail fever (Med.), typhus fever, or a disease resembling it, generated in jails and other places crowded with people; -- called also hospital fever, and ship fever. -- Jail liberties, ∨ Jail limits, a space or district around a jail within which an imprisoned debtor was, on certain conditions, allowed to go at large. Abbott. -- Jail lock, a peculiar form of padlock; -- called also Scandinavian lock.

Jail

Jail, v. t. To imprison. [R.] T. Adams (1614).
[Bolts] that jail you from free life. Tennyson.

Jailer

Jail"er (?), n. [OE. jailer, gailer, OF. geolier, F. ge\'93lier. See Jail.] The keeper of a jail or prison. [Written also jailor, gaoler.]

Jain, Jaina

Jain (?), Jai"na, n. [Skr. Jaina, fr. Jina, a proper name, fr. jina victorious.] One of a numerous sect in British India, holding the tenets of Jainism.

Jainism

Jain"ism (?), n. The heterodox Hindoo religion, of which the most striking features are the exaltation of saints or holy mortals, called jins, above the ordinary Hindoo gods, and the denial of the divine origin and infallibility of the Vedas. It is intermediate between Brahmanism and Buddhism, having some things in common with each.

Jairou

Jai*rou" (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The ahu or Asiatic gazelle.

Jak

Jak (?), n. (Bot.) see Ils Jack.

Jakes

Jakes (?), n. [Prob. fr. F. Jacques, the proper name. See 2d Jack.] A privy. Shak.

Jakie

Ja"kie (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A South American striped frog (Pseudis paradoxa), remarkable for having a tadpole larger than the adult, and hence called also paradoxical frog.

Jako

Jak"o (j&acr;k"&osl;), n. (Zo\'94l.) An African parrot (Psittacus erithacus), very commonly kept as a cage bird; -- called also gray parrot.

Jakwood

Jak"wood` (?), n. See Jackwood.

Jalap

Jal"ap (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. jalapa; -- so called from Jalapa, a town in Mexico, whence it was first obtained.] (Med.) The tubers of the Mexican plant Ipom\'d2a purga (or Exogonium purga), a climber much like the morning-glory. The abstract, extract, and powder, prepared from the tubers, are well known purgative medicines. Other species of Ipom\'d2a yield several inferior kinds of jalap, as the I. Orizabensis, and I. tuberosa. False jalap, the root of Mirabilis Jalapa, four-o'clock, or marvel of Peru.

Jalapic

Ja*lap"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to jalap.

Jalapin

Jal"a*pin (?), n. (Chem.) A glucoside found in the stems of the jalap plant and scammony. It is a strong purgative.

Jalons

Ja`lons", n. pl. [F. Of unknown origin.] (Mil.) Long poles, topped with wisps of straw, used as landmarks and signals. Farrow.

Jalousie

Ja`lou`sie", n. [F. See Jealousy.] A Venetian or slatted inside window blind.

Jalousied

Ja`lou`sied" (?), a. Furnished with jalousies; as, jalousied porches.

Jam

Jam (?), n. [Per. or Hind. j\'bemah garment, robe.] A kind of frock for children.

Jam

Jam, n. (Mining) See Jamb.

Jam

Jam, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jammed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jamming.] [Either fr. jamb, as if squeezed between jambs, or more likely from the same source as champ See Champ.]

1. To press into a close or tight position; to crowd; to squeeze; to wedge in.

The . . . jammed in between two rocks. De Foe.

2. To crush or bruise; as, to jam a finger in the crack of a door. [Colloq.]

3. (Naut.) To bring (a vessel) so close to the wind that half her upper sails are laid aback. W. C. Russell.

Jam

Jam, n.

1. A mass of people or objects crowded together; also, the pressure from a crowd; a crush; as, a jam in a street; a jam of logs in a river.

2. An injury caused by jamming. [Colloq.]

Jam

Jam, n. [Prob. fr. jam, v.; but cf. also Ar. jamad ice, jelly, j\'bemid congealed, jamd congelation, ice.] A preserve of fruit boiled with sugar and water; as, raspberry jam; currant jam; grape jam. Jam nut. See Check nut, under Check. -- Jam weld (Forging), a butt weld. See under Butt.

Jamacina

Jam`a*ci"na (?), n. [NL.] Jamaicine.

Jamadar

Jam"a*dar (?), n. Same as Jemidar.

Jamaica

Ja*mai"ca (?), n. One of the West India is islands. Jamaica ginger, a variety of ginger, called also white ginger, prepared in Jamaica from the best roots, which are deprived of their epidermis and dried separately. -- Jamaica pepper, allspice. -- Jamaica rose (Bot.), a West Indian melastomaceous shrub (Blakea trinervis), with showy pink flowers.

Jamaican

Ja*mai"can (?), a. Of or pertaining to Jamaica. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Jamaica.

Jamaicine

Ja*ma"i*cine (?), n. [From Jamaica.] (Chem.) An alkaloid said to be contained in the bark of Geoffroya inermis, a leguminous tree growing in Jamaica and Surinam; -- called also jamacina. Watts.

Jamb

Jamb (?), n. [Prov. E. jaumb, jaum, F. jambe a leg, jambe de force a principal rafter. See Gambol.]

1. (Arch) The vertical side of any opening, as a door or fireplace; hence, less properly, any narrow vertical surface of wall, as the of a chimney-breast or of a pier, as distinguished from its face. Gwilt.

2. (Mining) Any thick mass of rock which prevents miners from following the lode or vein.

Jamb

Jamb (?), v. t. See Jam, v. t.

Jambee

Jam*bee" (?), n. [See Jamb, n.: cf. OF. jamboier to walk.] A fashionable cane. [Obs.] Tatler.

Jambes, Jambeux

Jambes (?), Jam"beux (?), n. pl. [From F. jambe a leg: cf. OF. jambiere. See Jamb, n.] (Ancient Armor) In the Middle Ages, armor for the legs below the knees. [Written also giambeux.] Chaucer.

Jambolana

Jam`bo*la"na (?), n. [Cf. Pg. jambol&atil;o a kind of tropical fruit.] (Bot.) A myrtaceous tree of the West Indies and tropical America (Calyptranthes Jambolana), with astringent bark, used for dyeing. It bears an edible fruit.

Jamdani

Jam"da*ni (?), n. A silk fabric, with a woven pattern of sprigs of flowers. [Written also jamdanee.] Balfour (Cyc. of India).

Jamesonite

Ja"me*son*ite (?), n. [From Prof. Jameson, of Edinburgh.] (Min.) A steel-gray mineral, of metallic luster, commonly fibrous massive. It is a sulphide of antimony and lead, with a little iron.

James's powder

James"'s pow`der (?). (Med.) Antimonial powder, first prepared by Dr. James, ar English physician; -- called also fever powder.

Jamestown weed

James"town` weed` (?). (Bot.) The poisonous thorn apple or stramonium (Datura stramonium), a rank weed early noticed at Jamestown, Virginia. See Datura. &hand; This name is often corrupted into jimson, jimpson, and gympsum.
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Jan

Jan (?), n. [Ar.] (Moham. Myth.) One of intermediate order between angels and men.

Jane

Jane (?), n. [LL. Janua Genoa; L. Genua, also OE. Jean.]

1. A coin of Genoa; any small coin. Chaucer.

2. A kind of twilled cotton cloth. See Jean.

Jane-of-apes

Jane"-of-apes" (?), n. A silly, pert girl; -- corresponding to jackanapes. Massinger.

Jangle

Jan"gle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jangled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jangling (?).] [OE. janglen to quarrel, OF. jangler to rail, quarrel; of Dutch or German origin; cf. D. jangelen, janken, to whimper, chide, brawl, quarrel.]

1. To sound harshly or discordantly, as bells out of tune.

2. To talk idly; to prate; to babble; to chatter; to gossip. "Thou janglest as a jay." Chaucer.

3. To quarrel in words; to altercate; to wrangle.

Good wits will be jangling; but, gentles, agree. Shak.
Prussian Trenck . . . jargons and jangles in an unmelodious manner. Carlyle.

Jangle

Jan"gle, v. t. To cause to sound harshly or inharmoniously; to produce discordant sounds with.
Like sweet bells jangled, out of tune, and harsh. Shak.

Jangle

Jan"gle, n. [Cf. OF.jangle.]

1. Idle talk; prate; chatter; babble. Chaucer.

2. Discordant sound; wrangling.

The musical jangle of sleigh bells. Longfellow.

Jangler

Jan"gler (?), n. [Cf. OF. jangleor.]

1. An idle talker; a babbler; a prater. Chaucer.

2. A wrangling, noisy fellow.

Jangleress

Jan"gler*ess, n. A female prater or babbler.

Janglery

Jan"gler*y, n. [Cf. OF. janglerie chattering, talk.] Jangling. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jangling

Jan"gling (?), a. Producing discordant sounds. "A jangling noise." Milton.

Jangling

Jan"gling, n.

1. Idle babbling; vain disputation.

From which some, having swerved, have turned aside unto vain jangling. 1 Tim. i. 6.

2. Wrangling; altercation. Lamb.

Janissary

Jan"is*sa*ry (?), n. See Janizary.

Janitor

Jan"i*tor (?), n. [L., fr. janua a door.] A door-keeper; a porter; one who has the care of a public building, or a building occupied for offices, suites of rooms, etc.

Janitress, Janitrix

Jan"i*tress (?), Jan"i*trix (?), n. [L. janitrix. See Janitor.] A female janitor.

Janizar

Jan"i*zar` (?), n. A janizary. [R.] Byron.

Janizarian

Jan`i*za"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the janizaries, or their government. Burke.

Janizary

Jan"i*za*ry (?), n.; pl. Janizaries (#). [F. janissaire, fr. Turk. ye new soldiers or troops.] A soldier of a privileged military class, which formed the nucleus of the Turkish infantry, but was suppressed in 1826. [written also janissary.]

Janker

Jan"ker (?), n. A long pole on two wheels, used in hauling logs. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Jansenism

Jan"sen*ism (?), n. [F. Jans\'82nisme.] (Eccl. Hist.) The doctrine of Jansen regarding free will and divine grace.

Jansenist

Jan"sen*ist, n. [F. Jans\'82niste.] (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Cornelius Jansen, a Roman Catholic bishop of Ypres, in Flanders, in the 17th century, who taught certain doctrines denying free will and the possibility of resisting divine grace.

Jant

Jant (?), v. i. See Jaunt.

Janthina

Jan"thi*na (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Ianthina.

Jantily

Jan"ti*ly (?), adv. See Jauntily.

Jantiness

Jan"ti*ness, n. See Jauntiness.

Jantu

Jan"tu (?) n. A machine of great antiquity, used in Bengal for raising water to irrigate land. Knight.

Janty

Jan"ty (?), a. See Jaunty.

January

Jan"u*a*ry (?), n. [L. Januarius, fr. Janus an old Latin deity, the god of the sun and the year, to whom the month of January was sacred; cf. janua a door, Skr. y\'be to go.] The first month of the year, containing thirty-one days. &hand; Before the adoption of New Style, the commencement of the year was usually reckoned from March 25.

Janus

Ja"nus (?), n. [L. See January.] (Rom. Antiq.) A Latin deity represented with two faces looking in opposite directions. Numa is said to have dedicated to Janus the covered passage at Rome, near the Forum, which is usually called the Temple of Janus. This passage was open in war and closed in peace. Dr. W. Smith. Janus cloth, a fabric having both sides dressed, the sides being of different colors, -- used for reversible garments.

Janus-faced

Ja"nus-faced` (?), a. Double-faced; deceitful. Janus-faced lock, one having duplicate faces so as to go upon a right or a left hand door, the key entering on either side indifferently. Knight.

Janus-headed

Ja"nus-head`ed (?), a. Double-headed.

Japan

Ja*pan" (?), n. [From Japan, the country.] Work varnished and figured in the Japanese manner; also, the varnish or lacquer used in japanning.

Japan

Ja*pan", a. Of or pertaining to Japan, or to the lacquered work of that country; as, Japan ware. Japan allspice (Bot.), a spiny shrub from Japan (Chimonanthus fragrans), related to the Carolina allspice. -- Japan black (Chem.), a quickly drying black lacquer or varnish, consisting essentially of asphaltum dissolved in naphtha or turpentine, and used for coating ironwork; -- called also Brunswick black, Japan lacquer, or simply Japan. -- Japan camphor, ordinary camphor brought from China or Japan, as distinguished from the rare variety called borneol or Borneo camphor. -- Japan clover, ∨ Japan pea (Bot.), a cloverlike plant (Lespedeza striata) from Eastern Asia, useful for fodder, first noticed in the Southern United States about 1860, but now become very common. During the Civil War it was called variously Yankee clover and Rebel clover. -- Japan earth. See Catechu. -- Japan ink, a kind of writing ink, of a deep, glossy black when dry. -- Japan varnish, a varnish prepared from the milky juice of the Rhus vernix, a small Japanese tree related to the poison sumac.

Japan

Ja*pan" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Japanned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Japanning.]

1. To cover with a coat of hard, brilliant varnish, in the manner of the Japanese; to lacquer.

2. To give a glossy black to, as shoes. [R.] Gay.

Japanese

Jap`a*nese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Japan, or its inhabitants.

Japanese

Jap`a*nese", n. sing. & pl.

1. A native or inhabitant of Japan; collectively, the people of Japan.

2. sing. The language of the people of Japan.

Japanned

Ja*panned" (?), a. Treated, or coated, with varnish in the Japanese manner. Japanned leather,leather treated with coatings of Japan varnish, and dried in a stove. Knight.

Japanner

Ja*pan"ner (?), n.

1. One who varnishes in the manner of the Japanese, or one skilled in the art.

2. A bootblack. [R.]

Japanning

Ja*pan"ning (?), n. The art or act of varnishing in the Japanese manner.

Japannish

Ja*pan"nish (?), a. After the manner of the Japanese; resembling japanned articles. Carlyle.

Jape

Jape (?), v. i. [Prob. from the same source as gab,influenced by F. japper to yelp. See Gab to deceive.] To jest; to play tricks; to jeer. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jape

Jape, v. t. To mock; to trick. Chaucer.
I have not been putting a jape upon you. Sir W. Scott.
The coy giggle of the young lady to whom he has imparted his latest merry jape. W. Besant.

Japer

Jap"er (?), n. A jester; a buffoon. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Japery

Jap"er*y (?), n. [Cf. OF. japerie a yelping.] Jesting; buffoonery. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Japhethite

Ja"pheth*ite (?), n. A Japhetite. Kitto.

Japhetic

Ja*phet"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or derived from, Japheth, one of the sons of Noah; as, Japhetic nations, the nations of Europe and Northern Asia; Japhetic languages.

Japhetite

Ja"phet*ite (?), n. A descendant of Japheth.

Japonica

Ja*pon"i*ca (?), n. [NL., Japanese, fr. Japonia Japan.] (Bot.) A species of Camellia (Camellia Japonica), a native of Japan, bearing beautiful red or white flowers. Many other genera have species of the same name.

Jar

Jar (?), n. [See Ajar.] A turn. [Only in phrase.] On the jar, on the turn, ajar, as a door.

Jar

Jar (?), n. [F. jarre, Sp. jarra, from Ar. jarrah ewer; cf. Pers. jarrah.]

1. A deep, broad-mouthed vessel of earthenware or glass, for holding fruit, preserves, etc., or for ornamental purposes; as, a jar of honey; a rose jar. Dryden.

2. The measure of what is contained in a jar; as, a jar of oil; a jar of preserves. Bell jar, Leyden jar. See in the Vocabulary.

Jar

Jar, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jarred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. jarring (?).] [Cf. OE. charken to creak, AS. cearcian to gnash, F. jars a gander, L. garrire to chatter, prate, OHG. kerran to chatter, croak, G. quarren to grumble, and E. jargon, ajar.]

1. To give forth a rudely quivering or tremulous sound; to sound harshly or discordantly; as, the notes jarred on my ears.

When such strings jar, what hope of harmony ? Shak.
A string may jar in the best master's hand. Roscommon.

2. To act in opposition or disagreement; to clash; to interfere; to quarrel; to dispute.

When those renowned noble peers Greece Through stubborn pride among themselves did jar. Spenser.
For orders and degrees Jar not with liberty, but well consist. Milton.

Jar

Jar, v. t.

1. To cause a short, tremulous motion of, to cause to tremble, as by a sudden shock or blow; to shake; to shock; as, to jar the earth; to jar one's faith.

2. To tick; to beat; to mark or tell off. [Obs.]

My thoughts are minutes, and with sighs they jar Their watches on unto mine eyes. Shak.

Jar

Jar, n.

1. A rattling, tremulous vibration or shock; a shake; a harsh sound; a discord; as, the jar of a train; the jar of harsh sounds.

2. Clash of interest or opinions; collision; discord; debate; slight disagreement.

And yet his peace is but continual jar. Spenser.
Cease, cease these jars, and rest your minds in peace. Shak.

3. A regular vibration, as of a pendulum.

I love thee not a jar of the clock. Shak.

4. pl. In deep well boring, a device resembling two long chain links, for connecting a percussion drill to the rod or rope which works it, so that the drill is driven down by impact and is jerked loose when jammed.

Jararaca

Jar`a*ra"ca (?), n. [Pg., from the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A poisonous serpent of Brazil (Bothrops jararaca), about eighteen inches long, and of a dusky, brownish color, variegated with red and black spots.

Jarble

Jar"ble (?), v. t. To wet; to bemire. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Jardini\'8are

Jar`di`ni\'8are" (?), n. [F., fem. of jardinier gardener. See Garden.] An ornamental stand or receptacle for plants, flowers, etc., used as a piece of decorative furniture in room.

Jards

Jards (?), n. [F. jarde, jardon.] (Far.) A callous tumor on the leg of a horse, below the hock.

Jargle

Jar"gle (?), v. i. [Cf. OSw. jerga to repeat angrily, to brawl, Icel. jarg tedious iteration, F. jargonner to talk jargon. See Jargon gabble.] To emit a harsh or discordant sound. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Jargon

Jar"gon (?), n. [F. jargon, OF. also gargon, perh. akin to E. garrulous, or gargle.] Confused, unintelligible language; gibberish; hence, an artificial idiom or dialect; cant language; slang. "A barbarous jargon." Macaulay. "All jargon of the schools." Prior.
The jargon which serves the traffickers. Johnson.
<-- an idiom with frequent use of informal technical terms, as acronyms, used by specialists -->

Jargon

Jar"gon (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jargon (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jargoning.] To utter jargon; to emit confused or unintelligible sounds; to talk unintelligibly, or in a harsh and noisy manner.
The noisy jay, Jargoning like a foreigner at his food. Longfellow.

Jargon

Jar"gon, n. [E.jargon, It. jiargone; perh. fr. Pers. zarg gold-colored, fr. zar gold. Cf. Zircon.] (Min.) A variety of zircon. See Zircon.

Jargonelle

Jar`go*nelle" (?), n. [F. jargonelle a very gritty variety of pear. See Jargon zircon.] A variety of pear which ripens early.

Jargonic

Jar*gon"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the mineral jargon.

Jargonist

Jar"gon*ist (?), n. One addicted to jargon; one who uses cant or slang. Macaulay.

Jarl

Jarl (?), n. [Icel., nobleman, chief. See Earl.] A chief; an earl; in English history, one of the leaders in the Danish and Norse invasions. Longfellow.

Jarnut

Jar"nut` (?), n. [Of Scand. origin: cf. Dan. jordn\'94d.] (Bot.) An earthnut. Dr. Prior.

Jarosite

Ja*ro"site (?), n. [From Barranco Jaroso, in Spain.] (Min.) An ocher-yellow mineral occurring on minute rhombohedral crystals. It is a hydrous sulphate of iron and potash.

Jar-owl

Jar"-owl` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The goatsucker.

Jarrah

Jar"rah (?), n. The mahoganylike wood of the Australian Eucalyptus marginata. See Eucalyptus.

Jarring

Jar"ring (?), a. [See Jar.] Shaking; disturbing; discordant. "A jarring sound." Dryden.

Jarring

Jar"ring n.

1. A shaking; a tremulous motion; as, the jarring of a steamship, caused by its engines.

2. Discord; a clashing of interests. "Endless jarrings and immortal hate." Dryden.

Jarringly

Jar"ring*ly, adv. In a jarring or discordant manner.

Jarvey, Jarvy

Jar"vey, Jar"vy (?), n.

1. The driver of a hackney coach. [Slang, Eng.] Carlyle.

2. A hackney coach. [Slang, Eng.]

The litter at the bottom of the jarvy. T. Hook.

Jasey

Ja"sey (?), n. A wig; -- so called, perhaps, from being made of, or resembling, Jersey yarn. Thackeray.

Jashawk

Jas"hawk` (?), n. [A corruption of eyas hawk.] (Zo\'94l.) A young hawk. Booth.

Jasmine

Jas"mine (?), n. [F. jasmin, Sp. jazmin, Ar. y\'besm\'c6n, Pers. y\'besm\'c6n; cf. It. gesmino, gelsomino. Cf. Jessamine.] (Bot.) A shrubby plant of the genus Jasminum, bearing flowers of a peculiarly fragrant odor. The J. officinale, common in the south of Europe, bears white flowers. The Arabian jasmine is J. Sambac, and, with J. angustifolia, comes from the East Indies. The yellow false jasmine in the Gelseminum sempervirens (see Gelsemium). Several other plants are called jasmine in the West Indies, as species of Calotropis and Faramea. [Written also jessamine.] Cape jasmine, ∨ Cape jessamine, the Gardenia florida, a shrub with fragrant white flowers, a native of China, and hardy in the Southern United States.

Jasp

Jasp (?), n. Jasper. [Obs.] Spenser.

Jaspachate

Jas"pa*chate (?), n. [L. iaspachates, Gr. (Min.) Agate jasper. [Obs.]

Jasper

Jas"per (?), n. [OE. jaspre, jaspe, OF. jaspre, jaspe, F. jaspe, L. iaspis, Gr. yashp, yashf, Ar.yashb, yasb, yasf, Heb. y\'beshpheh. Cf. Diaper.] (Min.) An opaque, impure variety of quartz, of red, yellow, and other dull colors, breaking with a smooth surface. It admits of a high polish, and is used for vases, seals, snuff boxes, etc. When the colors are in stripes or bands, it is called striped ∨ banded jasper. The Egyptian pebble is a brownish yellow jasper. Jasper opal, a yellow variety of opal resembling jasper. -- Jasper ware, a delicate kind of earthenware invented by Josiah Wedgwood. It is usually white, but is capable of receiving color.

Jasperated

Jas"per*a`ted (?), a. mixed with jasper; containing particles of jasper; as, jasperated agate.

Jasperize

Jas"per*ize (?), v. t. [Usually p. p. Jasperized ( To convert into, or make to resemble, jasper.
Polished specimens of jasperized and agatized woods. Pop. Sci. Monthly.

Jaspery

Jas"per*y (?), a. Of the nature of jasper; mixed with jasper.

Jaspidean, Jaspideous

Jas*pid"e*an (?), Jas*pid"e*ous (?), a. [L. iaspideus. See Jasper.] Consisting of jasper, or containing jasper; jaspery; jasperlike.

Jaspilite

Jas"pi*lite (?), n. [Jasper + -lite.] (Min.) A compact siliceous rock resembling jasper.

Jaspoid

Jas"poid (?), a. [F. jaspo\'8bde; jaspe jasper + Gr. Resembling jasper. [R.]

Jasponyx

Jasp`o"nyx (?), n. [L. iasponyx, Gr. . See Jasper, and Onyx.] (min.) An onyx, part or all of whose layers consist of jasper.

Jatrophic

Ja*troph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to physic nuts, the seeds of plants of the genus Jatropha.

Jaunce

Jaunce (?), v. i. [OF. jancer. Cf. Jounce, Jaunt.] To ride hard; to jounce. [Obs.]
Spurr'd, galled and tired by jauncing Bolingbroke. Shak.

Jaundice

Jaun"dice (?; 277), n. [OE. jaunis, F. jaunisse, fr. jaune yellow, orig. jalne, fr. L. galbinus yellowish, fr. galbus yellow.] (Med.) A morbid condition, characterized by yellowness of the eyes, skin, and urine, whiteness of the f\'91ces, constipation, uneasiness in the region of the stomach, loss of appetite, and general languor and lassitude. It is caused usually by obstruction of the biliary passages and consequent damming up, in the liver, of the bile, which is then absorbed into the blood. Blue jaundice. See Cyanopathy.
Page 798

Jaundice

Jaun"dice (?), v. t. To affect with jaundice; to color by prejudice or envy; to prejudice.
The envy of wealth jaundiced his soul. Ld. Lytton.

Jaundiced

Jaun"diced (?), a.

1. affected with jaundice.

Jaundiced eyes seem to see all objects yellow. Bp. Hall.

2. Prejudiced; envious; as, a jaundiced judgment.

Jaunt

Jaunt (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jaunted; p. pr. & vb. n. Jaunting.] [Cf. Scot. jaunder to ramble, jaunt to taunt, jeer, dial. Sw. ganta to play the buffoon, romp, jest; perh. akin to E. jump. Cf. Jaunce.]

1. To ramble here and there; to stroll; to make an excursion.

2. To ride on a jaunting car. Jaunting car, a kind of low-set open vehicle, used in Ireland, in which the passengers ride sidewise, sitting back to back. [Written also jaunty car.] Thackeray.

Jaunt

Jaunt, v. t. To jolt; to jounce. [Obs.] Bale.

Jaunt

Jaunt, n.

1. A wearisome journey. [R.]

Our Savior, meek, and with untroubled mind After his a\'89ry jaunt, though hurried sore. Hungry and cold, betook him to his rest. Milton.

2. A short excursion for pleasure or refreshment; a ramble; a short journey.

Jauntily

Jaun"ti*ly (?), adv. In a jaunty manner.

Jauntiness

Jaun"ti*ness, n. The quality of being jaunty.
That jauntiness of air I was once master of. Addison.

Jaunty

Jaun"ty (?), a. [Compar. Jauntier (?); superl. Jauntiest.] [Formerly spelt janty, fr. F. gentil. See Gentle, and cf. Genty.] Airy; showy; finical; hence, characterized by an affected or fantastical manner.

Java

Ja"va (?), n.

1. One of the islands of the Malay Archipelago belonging to the Netherlands.

2. Java coffee, a kind of coffee brought from Java. Java cat (Zo\'94l.), the musang. -- Java sparrow (Zo\'94l.), a species of finch (Padda oryzivora), native of Java, but very commonly kept as a cage bird; -- called also ricebird, and paddy bird. In the male the upper parts are glaucous gray, the head and tail black, the under parts delicate rose, and the cheeks white. The bill is large and red. A white variety is also kept as a cage bird.

Javanese

Jav`a*nese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Java, or to the people of Java. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of Java.

Javel

Jav"el (?), n. A vagabond. [Obs.] Spenser.

Javelin

Jave"lin (?), n. [F. javeline; akin to Sp. jabalina, It. giavelina, and F. javelot, OF. gavlot. Cf. Gavelock.] A sort of light spear, to be thrown or cast by thew hand; anciently, a weapon of war used by horsemen and foot soldiers; now used chiefly in hunting the wild boar and other fierce game.
Flies the javelin swifter to its mark, Launched by the vigor of a Roman arm? Addison.

Javelin

Jave"lin, v. t. To pierce with a javelin. [R.] Tennyson.

Javelinier

Jave`lin*ier" (?), n. A soldier armed with a javelin. Holland.

Jaw

Jaw (?), n. [A modification of chaw, formed under the influence of F. joue the cheek. See Chaw, Chew.]

1. (Anat.) (a) One of the bones, usually bearing teeth, which form the framework of the mouth. (b) Hence, also, the bone itself with the teeth and covering. (c) In the plural, the mouth.

2. Fig.: Anything resembling the jaw of an animal in form or action; esp., pl., the mouth or way of entrance; as, the jaws of a pass; the jaws of darkness; the jaws of death. Shak.

3. (Mach.) (a) A notch or opening. (b) A notched or forked part, adapted for holding an object in place; as, the jaw of a railway-car pedestal. See Axle guard. (b) One of a pair of opposing parts which are movable towards or from each other, for grasping or crushing anything between them, as, the jaws of a vise, or the jaws of a stone-crushing machine.

4. (Naut.) The inner end of a boom or gaff, hollowed in a half circle so as to move freely on a mast.

5.

Impudent or abusive talk. [Slang] H. Kingsley. Jaw bit (Railroad), a bar across the jaws of a pedestal underneath an axle box. -- Jaw breaker, a word difficult to pronounce. [Obs.]<-- also, a piece of hard candy --> -- Jaw rope (Naut.), a rope which holds the jaws of a gaff to the mast. -- Jaw tooth, a molar or grinder; a back tooth.

Jaw

Jaw, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jawed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jawing.] To scold; to clamor. [Law] <-- generally, to talk, esp. long-windedly or without special purpose --> Smollett.

Jaw

Jaw, v. t. To assail or abuse by scolding. [Law]

Jawbone

Jaw"bone` (?), n. The bone of either jaw; a maxilla or a mandible. <-- Jawbone. v. t. & i. To attempt to influence solely by talking, as contrasted with threatening or inducing by other means, e.g. legislation; esp. (1969, MW10) the use of public appeals by the President or other high government officials to influence the behavior of businessmen or labor leaders. "Jawbone them into forgoing price increases." -->

Jawed

Jawed (?), a. Having jaws; -- chiefly in composition; as, lantern-jawed. "Jawed like a jetty." Skelton.

Law-fall

Law"-fall` (?), n. Depression of the jaw; hence, depression of spirits. M. Griffith (1660).

Jaw-fallen

Jaw"-fall`en (?), a. Dejected; chopfallen.

Jawfoot

Jaw"foot` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Maxilliped.

Jawing

Jaw"ing, n. Scolding; clamorous or abusive talk. [Slang] H. Kingsley.

Jawn

Jawn (?), v. i. See Yawn. [Obs.] Marston.

Jawy

Jaw"y (?), a. Relating to the jaws. Gayton.

Jay

Jay (?), n. [F. geai, OF. gai, jaj, perh. fr. OHG. g\'behi. Cf. Gay.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the numerous species of birds belonging to Garrulus, Cyanocitta, and allied genera. They are allied to the crows, but are smaller, more graceful in form, often handsomely colored, and usually have a crest. &hand; The European jay (Garrulus glandarius) is a large and handsomely colored species, having the body pale reddish brown, lighter beneath; tail and wing quills blackish; the primary coverts barred with bright blue and black; throat, tail coverts, and a large spot on the wings, white. Called also jay pie, Jenny jay, and k\'91. The common blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata.), and the related species, are brilliantly colored, and have a large erectile crest. The California jay (Aphelocoma Californica), the Florida jay (A. Floridana), and the green jay (Xanthoura luxuosa), of Texas and Mexico, are large, handsome, crested species. The Canada jay (Perisoreus Canadensis), and several allied species, are much plainer and have no crest. See Blue jay, and Whisky jack. Jay thrush (Zo\'94l.), any one several species of Asiatic singing birds, of the genera Garrulax, Grammatoptila, and related genera of the family Crateropodid\'91; as; the white-throated jay thrush (G. albogularis), of India.

Jayet

Jay"et (?), n. (Min.) See Jet. [Obs.]

Jayhawker

Jay"hawk`er (?), n. A name given to a free-booting, unenlisted, armed man or guerrilla. [A term of opprobrium used in the war of 1861-65, U. S.]

Jazel

Ja"zel (?), n. A gem of an azure color. [Obs.]

Jazerant

Jaz"er*ant (?), n. [OF. jacerant, jaseran, Sp. jacerina, cota jacerina, fr. jazarino Algerine, fr. Ar. jaz\'be\'c6r Algiers.] A coat of defense made of small plates of metal sewed upon linen or the like; also, this kind of armor taken generally; as, a coat of jazerant.

Jealous

Jeal"ous (?), a. [OE. jalous, gelus, OF. jalous, F. jaloux, LL. zelosus zealous, fr. zelus emulation, zeal, jealousy, Gr. Zeal, and cf. Zealous.]

1. Zealous; solicitous; vigilant; anxiously watchful.

I have been very jeolous for the Lord God of hosts. Kings xix. 10.
How nicely jealous is every one of us of his own repute! Dr. H. More.

2. Apprehensive; anxious; suspiciously watchful.

'This doing wrong creates such doubts as these, Renders us jealous and disturbs our peace. Waller.
The people are so jealous of the clergy's ambition. Swift.

3. Exacting exclusive devotion; intolerant of rivalry.

Thou shalt worship no other God; for the Lord, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God. Ex. xxxiv. 14.

4. Disposed to suspect rivalry in matters of interest and affection; apprehensive regarding the motives of possible rivals, or the fidelity of friends; distrustful; having morbid fear of rivalry in love or preference given to another; painfully suspicious of the faithfulness of husband, wife, or lover.

If the spirit of jealousy come upon him, and he be jealous of his wife. Num. v. 14.
To both these sisters have I sworn my love: Each jealous of the other, as the stung Are of the adder. Shak.
It is one of the best bonds, both of chastity and obedience, in the wife, if she think her husband wise; which she will never do if she find him jealous. Bacon.
Syn. -- Suspicious; anxious; envious. Jealous, Suspicious. Suspicious is the wider term. We suspect a person when we distrust his honesty and imagine he has some bad design. We are jealous when we suspect him of aiming to deprive us of what we dearly prize. Iago began by awakening the suspicions of Othello, and converted them at last into jealousy. "Suspicion may be excited by some kind of accusation, not supported by evidence sufficient for conviction, but sufficient to trouble the repose of confidence." "Jealousy is a painful apprehension of rivalship in cases that are peculiarly interesting to us." Cogan.

Jealoushood

Jeal"ous*hood (?), n. Jealousy. [Obs.] Shak.

Jealously

Jeal"ous*ly, adv. In a jealous manner.

Jealousness

Jeal"ous*ness, n. State or quality of being jealous.

Jealousy

Jeal"ous*y (?), n.; pl. Jealousies (#). [ F. jalousie. See Jealous, and cf. Jalousie.] The quality of being jealous; earnest concern or solicitude; painful apprehension of rivalship in cases nearly affecting one's happiness; painful suspicion of the faithfulness of husband, wife, or lover.
I was jealous for jealousy. Zech. viii. 2.
Jealousy is the . . . apprehension of superiority. Shenstone.
Whoever had qualities to alarm our jealousy, had excellence to deserve our fondness. Rambler.

Jeames

Jeames (?), n. [Corrup. of James.] A footman; a flunky. [Slang, Eng.] Thackeray.

Jean

Jean (?), n. [Prob. named from Genoa. See Jane.] A twilled cotton cloth. Satin jean, a kind of jean woven smooth and glossy, after the manner of satin.

Jears

Jears (?), n. pl. (Naut.) See 1st Jeer (b).

Jeat

Jeat (?), n. (Min.) See Jet. [Obs.]

Jedding ax

Jed"ding ax` (?), n. A stone mason's tool, having a flat face and a pointed part. Knight.

Jee

Jee (?), v. t. & i. See Gee.

Jeel

Jeel (?), n. [Hind. jh\'c6l.] A morass; a shallow lake. [Written also jhil.] [India] Whitworth.

Jeer

Jeer (?), n. [Cf. Gear.] (Naut.) (a) A gear; a tackle. (b) pl. An assemblage or combination of tackles, for hoisting or lowering the lower yards of a ship. Jeer capstan (Naut.), an extra capstan usually placed between the foremast and mainmast.

Jeer

Jeer, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jeered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jeering.] [Perh. a corrup. of cheer to salute with cheers, taken in an ironical sense; or more prob. fr. D. gekscheren to jeer, lit., to shear the fool; gek a fool (see 1st Geck) + scheren to shear. See Shear, v.] To utter sarcastic or scoffing reflections; to speak with mockery or derision; to use taunting language; to scoff; as, to jeer at a speaker.
But when he saw her toy and gibe and jeer. Spenser.
Syn. -- To sneer; scoff; flout; gibe; mock.

Jeer

Jeer (?), v. t. To treat with scoffs or derision; to address with jeers; to taunt; to flout; to mock at.
And if we can not jeer them, we jeer ourselves. B. Jonson.

Jeer

Jeer, n. A railing remark or reflection; a scoff; a taunt; a biting jest; a flout; a jibe; mockery.
Midas, exposed to all their jeers, Had lost his art, and kept his ears. Swift.

Jeerer

Jeer"er (?), n. A scoffer; a railer; a mocker.

Jeering

Jeer"ing, a. Mocking; scoffing. -- n. A mocking utterance. -- Jeer"ing*ly, adv.

Jeers

Jeers (?), n. pl. (Naut.) See 1st Jeer (b).

Jeffersonia

Jef`fer*so"ni*a (?), n. [NL. Named after Thomas Jefferson.] (Bot.) An American herb with a pretty, white, solitary blossom, and deeply two-cleft leaves (Jeffersonia diphylla); twinleaf.

Jeffersonian

Jef`fer*so"ni*an (?), a. Pertaining to, or characteristic of, Thomas Jefferson or his policy or political doctrines. Lowell.

Jeffersonite

Jef"fer*son*ite (?), n. [Named after Thomas Jefferson.] (Min.) A variety of pyroxene of olive-green color passing into brown. It contains zinc.

Jeg

Jeg (?), n. (Mach.) See Jig, 6.

Jehovah

Je*ho"vah (?), n. [Heb. usually y&ecr;h&omac;v\'beh (with the vowel points of &acr;d&omac;n\'bei Lord), sometimes (to avoid repetition) y&ecr;h&omac;vih (with the vowel points of &ecr;l&omac;h\'c6m God); but only the four Heb, consonants yhvh are conceded to be certainly known.] A Scripture name of the Supreme Being, by which he was revealed to the Jews as their covenant God or Sovereign of the theocracy; the "ineffable name" of the Supreme Being, which was not pronounced by the Jews.

Jehovist

Je*ho"vist (?), n.

1. One who maintains that the vowel points of the word Jehovah, in Hebrew, are the proper vowels of that word; -- opposed to adonist.

2. The writer of the passages of the Old Testament, especially those of the Pentateuch, in which the Supreme Being is styled Jehovah. See Elohist.

The characteristic manner of the Jehovist differs from that of his predecessor [the Elohist]. He is fuller and freer in his descriptions; more reflective in his assignment of motives and causes; more artificial in mode of narration. S. Davidson.

Jehovistic

Je`ho*vis"tic (?), a. Relating to, or containing, Jehovah, as a name of God; -- said of certain parts of the Old Testament, especially of the Pentateuch, in which Jehovah appears as the name of the Deity. See Elohistic.

Jehu

Je"hu (?), n. [From Jehu, son of Nimshi. 2 Kings ix. 20.] A coachman; a driver; especially, one who drives furiously. [Colloq.]

Jejunal

Je*ju"nal (?), a. Pertaining to the jejunum.

Jejune

Je*june" (?), a. [L. jejunus fasting, hungry, dry, barren, scanty; of unknown origin.]

1. Lacking matter; empty; void of substance.

2. Void of interest; barren; meager; dry; as, a jejune narrative. - Je*june"ly, adv. -- Je*june"ness, n. Bacon.

Jefunity

Je*fu"ni*ty (?), n. The quality of being jejune; jejuneness.

Jejunum

Je*ju"num (?), n. [NL., fr. L. jejunus empty, dry.] (Anat.) The middle division of the small intestine, between the duodenum and ileum; -- so called because usually found empty after death.

Jelerang

Jel"er*ang (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A large, handsome squirrel (Sciurus Javensis), native of Java and Southern Asia; -- called also Java squirrel.

Jell

Jell (?), v. i. To jelly. [Colloq.]

Jellied

Jel"lied (?), a. Brought to the state or consistence of jelly.

Jelly

Jel"ly (?), n.; pl. Jellies (#). [ Formerly gelly, gely, F. gel\'82e jelly, frost, fr. geler to freeze. L. gelare; akin to gelu frost. See Gelid.]

1. Anything brought to a gelatinous condition; a viscous, translucent substance in a condition between liquid and solid; a stiffened solution of gelatin, gum, or the like.

2. The juice of fruits or meats boiled with sugar to an elastic consistence; as, currant jelly; calf's-foot jelly. Jelly bag, a bag through which the material for jelly is strained. -- Jelly mold, a mold for forming jelly in ornamental shapes. -- Jelly plant (Bot.), Australian name of an edible seaweed (Eucheuma speciosum), from which an excellent jelly is made. J. Smith. -- Jelly powder, an explosive, composed of nitroglycerin and collodion cotton; -- so called from its resemblance to calf's-foot jelly.

Jelly

Jel"ly, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jellied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jellying.] To become jelly; to come to the state or consistency of jelly.

Jellyfish

Jel"ly*fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the acalephs, esp. one of the larger species, having a jellylike appearance. See Medusa.

Jemidar

Jem"i*dar` (?), n. [Per. & Hind. jama-d\'ber.] The chief or leader of a hand or body of persons; esp., in the native army of India, an officer of a rank corresponding to that of lieutenant in the English army. [Written also jemadar, jamadar.]

Jemlah goat

Jem"lah goat` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The jharal.

Jemminess

Jem"mi*ness (?), n. Spruceness. [Slang, Eng.] Pegge (1814).

Jemmy

Jem"my (?), a. [Cf. Gim, and Gimp, a.] Spruce. [Slang, Eng.] Smart.

Jemmy

Jem"my, n.

1. A short crowbar. See Jimmy.

2. A baked sheep's head. [Slang, Eng.] Dickens.

Jeniquen

Je*ni"quen (?), n. [Sp. jeniquen.] (Bot.) A Mexican name for the Sisal hemp (Agave rigida, var. Sisalana); also, its fiber. [Written also hen\'c6equen.]

Jenite

Je"nite (?), n. (Min.) See Yenite.

Jenkins

Jen"kins (?), n. name of contempt for a flatterer of persons high in social or official life; as, the Jenkins employed by a newspaper. [Colloq. Eng. & U.S.] G. W. Curtis.
Page 799

Jennet

Jen"net (?), n. [F. genet, Sp. jinete, orig., a mounted soldier, Ar. zen\'beta a tribe of Barbary celebrated for its cavalry.] A small Spanish horse; a genet.

Jenneting

Jen"net*ing, n. [Prob. fr. a dim. of Jean John, so named as becoming ripe about St. John's day, June 24. F. Jean is fr. L. Johannes. See Zany.] A variety of early apple. See Juneating. [Written also geniting.]

Jenny

Jen"ny (?), n.; pl. Jennies (.

1. A familiar or pet form of the proper name Jane.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A familiar name of the European wren. Jenny ass (Zo\'94l.), a female ass.

Jenny

Jen"ny, n. [A corruption of gin an engine; influenced by Jenny, the proper name. See Gin an engine, and cf. Ginny-carriage.] A machine for spinning a number of threads at once, -- used in factories.

Jentling

Jent"ling (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A fish of the genus Leuciscus; the blue chub of the Danube.

Jeofail

Jeof"ail (?), n. [F. j'ai failli I have failed.] (Law) An oversight in pleading, or the acknowledgment of a mistake or oversight. Blackstone.

Jeopard

Jeop"ard (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jeoparded; p. pr. & vb. n. Jeoparding.] [From Jeopardy.] To put in jeopardy; to expose to loss or injury; to imperil; to hazard. Sir T. North.
A people that jeoparded their lives unto the death. Judg. v. 18.
Syn. -- To hazard; risk; imperil; endanger; expose.

Jeoparder

Jeop"ard*er (?), n. One who puts in jeopardy. [R.]

Jeopardize

Jeop"ard*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jeopardized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jeopardizing (?).] To expose to loss or injury; to risk; to jeopard.
That he should jeopardize his willful head Only for spite at me. H. Taylor.

Jeopardous

Jeop"ard*ous (?), a. Perilous; hazardous.
His goodly, valiant, and jeopardous enterprise. Fuller.
-- Jeop"ard*ous*ly, adv. Huloet.

Jeopardy

Jeop"ard*y (?), n. [OE. jupartie, juperti, jeuparti, OF. jeu parti an even game, a game in which the chances are even; OF. jeu, ju, F. jeu (L. jocus jest) + F. partier to divide, L. partire to divide. See Joke, and Part.] Exposure to death, loss, or injury; hazard; danger.
There came down a storm of wind on the lake; and they were filled with water, and were in jeopardy. Luke viii. 23.
Look to thyself, thou art in jeopardy. Shak.
Syn. -- Danger; peril; hazard; risk. See Danger.

Jeopardy

Jeop"ard*y, v. t. To jeopardize. [R.] Thackeray.

Jerboa

Jer*bo"a (?), n. [Ar. yarb.] (Zo\'94l.) Any small jumping rodent of the genus Dipus, esp. D. \'92gyptius, which is common in Egypt and the adjacent countries. The jerboas have very long hind legs and a long tail. [Written also gerboa.] &hand; The name is also applied to other small jumping rodents, as the Pedetes Caffer, of the Cape of Good Hope. Jerboa kangaroo (Zo\'94l.), small Australian kangaroo (Bettongia penicillata), about the size of a common hare.

Jereed

Jer*eed" (?), n. [Ar. jer\'c6d. Cf. Djereed.] A blunt javelin used by the people of the Levant, especially in mock fights. [Written also jerreed, jerid.] Byron.

Jeremiad, Jeremiade

Jer`e*mi"ad, Jer`e*mi"ade, n. [From Jeremiah, the prophet: cf. F. j\'82r\'82miade.] A tale of sorrow, disappointment, or complaint; a doleful story; a dolorous tirade; -- generally used satirically.
He has prolonged his complaint into an endless jeremiad. Lamb.

Jerfalcon

Jer"fal`con (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The gyrfalcon.

Jerguer

Jer"guer (?), n. See Jerquer.

Jerid

Jer*id" (?), n. Same as Jereed.

Jerk

Jerk (?), v. t. [Corrupted from Peruv. charqui dried beef.] To cut into long slices or strips and dry in the sun; as, jerk beef. See Charqui.

Jerk

Jerk, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jerked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jerking.] [Akin to yerk, and perh. also to yard a measure.]

1. To beat; to strike. [Obs.] Florio.

2. To give a quick and suddenly arrested thrust, push, pull, or twist, to; to yerk; as, to jerk one with the elbow; to jerk a coat off.

3. To throw with a quick and suddenly arrested motion of the hand; as, to jerk a stone.

Jerk

Jerk, v. i.

1. To make a sudden motion; to move with a start, or by starts. Milton.

2. To flout with contempt.

Jerk

Jerk, n.

1. A short, sudden pull, thrust, push, twitch, jolt, shake, or similar motion.

His jade gave him a jerk. B. Jonson.

2. A sudden start or spring.

Lobsters . . . swim backwards by jerks or springs. Grew.

Jerker

Jerk"er (?), n.

1. A beater. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

2. One who jerks or moves with a jerk.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A North American river chub (Hybopsis biguttatus).

Jerkin

Jer"kin (?), n. [Dim. of D. jurk a frock.] A jacket or short coat; a close waistcoat. Shak.

Jerkin

Jer"kin, n. (Zo\'94l.) A male gyrfalcon.

Jerking

Jerk"ing (?), n. The act of pulling, pushing, or throwing, with a jerk. -- Jerk"ing*ly, adv.

Jerkinhead

Jer"kin*head` (?), n. (Arch.) The hipped part of a roof which is hipped only for a part of its height, leaving a truncated gable.

Jerky

Jerk"y (?), a. Moving by jerks and starts; characterized by abrupt transitions; as, a jerky vehicle; a jerky style.

Jermoonal

Jer*moon"al (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The Himalayan now partridge.

Jeronymite

Je*ron"y*mite (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One belonging of the medi\'91val religious orders called Hermits of St. Jerome. [Written also Hieronymite.]

Jeropigia

Jer`o*pig"i*a (?), n. See Geropigia.

Jerquer

Jer"quer (?), n. [Cf. F. chercher to search, E. search.] A customhouse officer who searches ships for unentered goods. [Eng.] [Written also jerguer.]

Jerquing

Jer"quing (?), n. The searching of a ship for unentered goods. [Eng.] [Written also jerguer.]

Jerquing

Jer"quing (?), n. The searching of a ship for unentered goods. [Eng.]

Jerry-built

Jer"ry-built` (?), a. Built hastily and of bad materials; as, jerry-built houses. [Colloq. Eng.]

Jersey

Jer"sey (?), n.; pl. Jerseys (#). [From Jersey, the largest of the Channel Islands.]

1. The finest of wool separated from the rest; combed wool; also, fine yarn of wool.

2. A kind of knitted jacket; hence, in general, a closefitting jacket or upper garment made of an elastic fabric (as stockinet).

3. One of a breed of cattle in the Island of Jersey. Jerseys are noted for the richness of their milk.

Jerusalem

Je*ru"sa*lem (?), n. [Gr. Y.] The chief city of Palestine, intimately associated with the glory of the Jewish nation, and the life and death of Jesus Christ. Jerusalem artichoke [Perh. a corrupt. of It. girasole i.e., sunflower, or turnsole. See Gyre, Solar.] (Bot.) (a) An American plant, a perennial species of sunflower (Helianthus tuberosus), whose tubers are sometimes used as food. (b) One of the tubers themselves. -- Jerusalem cherry (Bot.), the popular name of either of either of two species of Solanum (S. Pseudo-capsicum and S. capsicastrum), cultivated as ornamental house plants. They bear bright red berries of about the size of cherries. -- Jerusalem oak (Bot.), an aromatic goosefoot (Chenopodium Botrys), common about houses and along roadsides. -- Jerusalem sage (Bot.), a perennial herb of the Mint family (Phlomis tuberosa). -- Jerusalem thorn (Bot.), a spiny, leguminous tree (Parkinsonia aculeata), widely dispersed in warm countries, and used for hedges. -- The New Jerusalem, Heaven; the Celestial City.

Jervine

Jer"vine (?), n. [Prob. fr. Sp. yerba herb, OSp., the poison of the veratrum.] (Chem.) A poisonous alkaloid resembling veratrine, and found with it in white hellebore (Veratrum album); -- called also jervina.

Jess

Jess (?), n.; pl. Jesses (#). [OF. gies, giez, prop. pl. of giet, get, jet, F. jet, a throwing, jess. See Jet a shooting forth.] (falconry) A short strap of leather or silk secured round the leg of a hawk, to which the leash or line, wrapped round the falconer's hand, was attached when used. See Illust. of Falcon.
Like a hawk, which feeling freed From bells and jesses which did let her flight. Spenser.

Jessamine

Jes"sa*mine (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Jasmine.

Jessant

Jes"sant (?), a. (Her.) Springing up or emerging; -- said of a plant or animal.

Jesse

Jes"se (?), n. [LL.Jesse, the father of David, fr. Gr. Yishai.] Any representation or suggestion of the genealogy of Christ, in decorative art; as: (a) A genealogical tree represented in stained glass. (b) A candlestick with many branches, each of which bears the name of some one of the descendants of Jesse; -- called also tree of Jesse. Jesse window (Arch.), a window of which the glazing and tracery represent the tree of Jesse.

Jessed

Jessed (?), a. (Her.) Having jesses on, as a hawk.

Jest

Jest (?), n. [OE. jeste, geste, deed, action, story, tale, OF. geste, LL. gesta, orig., exploits, neut. pl. from L. gestus, p. p. of gerere to bear, carry, accomplish, perform; perh. orig., to make to come, bring, and perh. akin to E. come. Cf. Gest a deed, Register, n.]

1. A deed; an action; a gest. [Obs.]

The jests or actions of princes. Sir T. Elyot.

2. A mask; a pageant; an interlude. [Obs.] Nares.

He promised us, in honor of our guest, To grace our banquet with some pompous jest. Kyd.

3. Something done or said in order to amuse; a joke; a witticism; a jocose or sportive remark or phrase. See Synonyms under Jest, v. i.

I must be sad . . . smile at no man's jests. Shak.
The Right Honorable gentleman is indebted to his memory for his jests, and to his imagination for his facts. Sheridan.

4. The object of laughter or sport; a laughingstock.

Then let me be your jest; I deserve it. Shak.
In jest, for mere sport or diversion; not in truth and reality; not in earnest.
And given in earnest what I begged in jest. Shak.
-- Jest book, a book containing a collection of jests, jokes, and amusing anecdotes; a Joe Miller.

Jest

Jest, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jested; p. pr. & vb. n. Jesting.]

1. To take part in a merrymaking; -- especially, to act in a mask or interlude. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To make merriment by words or actions; to joke; to make light of anything.

He jests at scars that never felt a wound. Shak.
Syn. -- To joke; sport; rally. -- To Jest, Joke. One jests in order to make others laugh; one jokes to please himself. A jest is usually at the expense of another, and is often ill-natured; a joke is a sportive sally designed to promote good humor without wounding the feelings of its object. "Jests are, therefore, seldom harmless; jokes frequently allowable. The most serious subject may be degraded by being turned into a jest." Crabb.

Jester

Jest"er, n. [Cf. Gestour.]

1. A buffoon; a merry-andrew; a court fool.

This . . . was Yorick's skull, the king's jester. Shak.
Dressed in the motley garb that jesters wear. Longfellow.

2. A person addicted to jesting, or to indulgence in light and amusing talk.

He ambled up and down With shallow jesters. Shak.

Jestful

Jest"ful (?), a. Given to jesting; full of jokes.

Jesting

Jest"ing, a. Sportive; not serious; fit for jests.
He will find that these are no jesting matters. Macaulay
.

Jesting

Jest"ing, n. The act or practice of making jests; joking; pleasantry. Eph. v. 4.

Jestingly

Jest"ing*ly, adv. In a jesting manner.

Jesuit

Jes"u*it (?), n. [F. J\'82suite, Sp. Jesuita: cf. It. Gesuita.]

1. (R. C. Ch.) One of a religious order founded by Ignatius Loyola, and approved in 1540, under the title of The Society of Jesus. &hand; The order consists of Scholastics, the Professed, the Spiritual Coadjutors, and the Temporal Coadjutors or Lay Brothers. The Jesuit novice after two years becomes a Scholastic, and takes his first vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience simply. Some years after, at the close of a second novitiate, he takes his second vows and is ranked among the Coadjutors or Professed. The Professed are bound by a fourth vow, from which only the pope can dispense, requiring them to go wherever the pope may send them for missionary duty. The Coadjutors teach in the schools, and are employed in general missionary labors. The Society is governed by a General who holds office for life. He has associated with him "Assistants" (five at the present time), representing different provinces. The Society was first established in the United States in 1807. The Jesuits have displayed in their enterprises a high degree of zeal, learning, and skill, but, by their enemies, have been generally reputed to use art and intrigue in promoting or accomplishing their purposes, whence the words Jesuit, Jesuitical, and the like, have acquired an opprobrious sense.

2. Fig.: A crafty person; an intriguer. Jesuits' bark, Peruvian bark, or the bark of certain species of Cinchona; -- so called because its medicinal properties were first made known in Europe by Jesuit missionaries to South America. -- Jesuits' drops. See Friar's balsam, under Friar. -- Jesuits' nut, the European water chestnut. -- Jesuits' powder, powdered cinchona bark. -- Jesuits' tea, a Chilian leguminous shrub, used as a tea and medicinally.

Jesuited

Jes"u*it*ed, a. Conforming to the principles of the Jesuits. Milton.

Jesuitess

Jes"u*it*ess, n. [Cf. F. J\'82suitesse.] (R. C. Hist.) One of an order of nuns established on the principles of the Jesuits, but suppressed by Pope Urban in 1633.

Jesuitic, Jesuitical

Jes`u*it"ic (?), Jes`u*it"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. j\'82suitique.]

1. Of or pertaining to the Jesuits, or to their principles and methods.

2. Designing; cunning; deceitful; crafty; -- an opprobrious use of the word. Dryden.

Jesuitically

Jes`u*it"ic*al*ly, adv. In a jesuitical manner.

Jesuitism

Jes"u*it*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. j\'82suitisme.]

1. The principles and practices of the Jesuits.

2. Cunning; deceit; deceptive practices to effect a purpose; subtle argument; -- an opprobrious use of the word.

Jesuitocracy

Jes`u*it*oc"ra*cy (?), n. [Jesuit + -cracy, as in aristocracy.] Government by Jesuits; also, the whole body of Jesuits in a country. [R.] C. Kingsley.

Jesuitry

Jes"u*it*ry (?), n. Jesuitism; subtle argument. [R.] Carlyle.

Jesus

Je"sus (?), n. [L. Jesus, Gr. Y\'82sh; Y\'beh Jehovah + h to help.] The Savior; the name of the Son of God as announced by the angel to his parents; the personal name of Our Lord, in distinction from Christ, his official appellation. Luke i. 31.
Thou shalt call his name Jesus; for he shall save his people from their sins. Matt. i. 21.
&hand;The form Jesu is often used, esp. in the vocative.
Jesu, do thou my soul receive. Keble.
The Society of Jesus. See Jesuit.

Jet

Jet (?), n. Same as 2d Get. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jet

Jet, n. [OF. jet, jayet, F. ja\'8bet, jais, L. gagates, fr. Gr. [written also jeat, jayet.] (Min.) A variety of lignite, of a very compact texture and velvet black color, susceptible of a good polish, and often wrought into mourning jewelry, toys, buttons, etc. Formerly called also black amber. Jet ant (Zo\'94l.), a blackish European ant (Formica fuliginosa), which builds its nest of a paperlike material in the trunks of trees.

Jet

Jet, n. [F. jet, OF. get, giet, L. jactus a throwing, a throw, fr. jacere to throw. Cf. Abject, Ejaculate, Gist, Jess, Jut.]

1. A shooting forth; a spouting; a spurt; a sudden rush or gush, as of water from a pipe, or of flame from an orifice; also, that which issues in a jet.

2. Drift; scope; range, as of an argument. [Obs.]

3. The sprue of a type, which is broken from it when the type is cold. Knight. Jet propeller (Naut.), a device for propelling vessels by means of a forcible jet of water ejected from the vessel, as by a centrifugal pump. -- Jet pump, a device in which a small jet of steam, air, water, or other fluid, in rapid motion, lifts or otherwise moves, by its impulse, a larger quantity of the fluid with which it mingles.

Jet

Jet, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jetted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jetting.] [F. jeter, L. jactare, freq. fr. jacere to throw. See 3d Jet, and cf. Jut.]

1. To strut; to walk with a lofty or haughty gait; to be insolent; to obtrude. [Obs.]

he jets under his advanced plumes! Shak.
To jet upon a prince's right. Shak.

2. To jerk; to jolt; to be shaken. [Obs.] Wiseman.

3. To shoot forward or out; to project; to jut out.

Jet

Jet, v. t. To spout; to emit in a stream or jet.
A dozen angry models jetted steam. Tennyson.

Jet-black

Jet"-black` (?), a. Black as jet; deep black.

Jet d'eau

Jet` d'eau" (?), pl. Jets d'eau (. [F., a throw of water. See Jet a shooting forth.] A stream of water spouting from a fountain or pipe (especially from one arranged to throw water upward), in a public place or in a garden, for ornament.

Jeterus

Jet"e*rus (?), n. (Bot.) A yellowness of the parts of plants which are normally green; yellows.

Jetsam, Jetson

Jet"sam (?), Jet"son (?), n. [F. jeter to throw: cf. OF. getaison a throwing. Cf. Flotsam, Jettison.]

1. (Mar. Law) Goods which sink when cast into the sea, and remain under water; -- distinguished from flotsam, goods which float, and ligan, goods which are sunk attached to a buoy.

2. Jettison. See Jettison, 1.


Page 800


Page 800

<-- remainder of previous definition (Jetsam) at top of p. 800 was transferred to the file W700-799 --> <-- jet set. an international group of wealthy individuals who travel frequently to international resorts. -- the group is not organized, but membership defined solely by frequent travel for pleasure -- [from jet plane, the conveyance used in their travels.] jet-setter a member of the jet set. jet-setting. frequent international travel for pleasure, as contrasted with business. -->

Jetteau

Jet"teau (?), n. See Jet d'eau. [R.] Addison.

Jettee

Jet"tee (?), n. See Jetty, n. Burke.

Jetter

Jet"ter (?), n. One who struts; one who bears himself jauntily; a fop. [Obs.] Palsgrave.

Jettison

Jet"ti*son (?). n. [See Jetsam.]

1. (Mar. Law) The throwing overboard of goods from necessity, in order to lighten a vessel in danger of wreck.

2. See Jetsam, 1.

Jetton

Jet"ton (?), n. [F. jeton.] A metal counter used in playing cards.

Jetty

Jet"ty (?), a. Made of jet, or like jet in color.
The people . . . are of a jetty. Sir T. Browne.

Jetty

Jet"ty, n.; pl. Jetties (#). [F.jet\'82e a pier, a jetty, a causeway. See Jet a shooting forth, and cf. Jutty.]

1. (Arch.) A part of a building that jets or projects beyond the rest, and overhangs the wall below.

2. A wharf or pier extending from the shore.

3. (Hydraul. Engin.) A structure of wood or stone extended into the sea to influence the current or tide, or to protect a harbor; a mole; as, the Eads system of jetties at the mouth of the Mississippi River. Jetty ad (Naut.), a projecting part at the end of a wharf; the front of a wharf whose side forms one of the cheeks of a dock.

Jetty

Jet"ty, v. i. To jut out; to project. [Obs.] Florio.

Jeu d'esprit

Jeu" d'es`prit" (?). [F., play of mind.] A witticism.

Jew

Jew (?), n. [OF. Juis, pl., F. Juif, L. Judaeus, Gr. Y Judah, son of Jacob. Cf. Judaic.] Originally, one belonging to the tribe or kingdom of Judah; after the return from the Babylonish captivity, any member of the new state; a Hebrew; an Israelite. Jew's frankincense, gum styrax, or benzoin. -- Jew's mallow (Bot.), an annual herb (Corchorus olitorius) cultivated in Syria and Egypt as a pot herb, and in India for its fiber. -- Jew's pitch, asphaltum; bitumen. -- The Wandering Jew, an imaginary personage, who, for his cruelty to the Savior during his passion, is doomed to wander on the earth till Christ's second coming.

Jewbush

Jew"bush` (?), n. (Bot.) A euphorbiaceous shrub of the genus Pedilanthus (P. tithymaloides), found in the West Indies, and possessing powerful emetic and drastic qualities.

Jewel

Jew"el (?), n. [OE. juel, jowel, OF. jouel, juel, joiel, F. joyau, dim. of OF. joie joy, jewel, F. joie joy. See Joy.]

1. An ornament of dress usually made of a precious metal, and having enamel or precious stones as a part of its design.

Plate of rare device, and jewels Of rich and exquisite form. Shak.

2. A precious stone; a gem. Shak.

3. An object regarded with special affection; a precious thing. "Our prince (jewel of children)." Shak.

4. A bearing for a pivot a pivot in a watch, formed of a crystal or precious stone, as a ruby. Jewel block (Naut.), block at the extremity of a yard, through which the halyard of a studding sail is rove.

Jewel

Jew"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jeweled (?), or Jewelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Jeweling, or Jewelling.] To dress, adorn, deck, or supply with jewels, as a dress, a sword hilt, or a watch; to bespangle, as with jewels.<-- Most common p.p. = bejeweled, bejewelled -->
The long gray tufts . . . are jeweled thick with dew. M. Arnold.

Jeweler

Jew"el*er (?), n. [Cf. F.joaillier.] One who makes, or deals in, jewels, precious stones, and similar ornaments. [Written also jeweller.] Jeweler's gold. See under Gold.

Jewellery

Jew"el*ler*y (?), n. See Jewelry. Burke.

Jewelry

Jew"el*ry (?), n. [Cf. F. joaillerie.]

1. The art or trade of a jeweler. Cotgrave.

2. Jewels, collectively; as, a bride's jewelry.

Jewelweed

Jew"el*weed` (?), n. (Bot.) See Impatiens.

Jewess

Jew"ess, n., fem. of Jew. A Hebrew woman.

Jewfish

Jew"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)

1. A very large serranoid fish (Promicrops itaiara) of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. It often reaches the weight of five hundred pounds. Its color is olivaceous or yellowish, with numerous brown spots. Called also guasa, and warsaw.

2. A similar gigantic fish (Stereolepis gigas) of Southern California, valued as a food fish.

3. The black grouper of Florida and Texas.

4. A large herringlike fish; the tarpum.

Jewise

Jew*ise" (?), n. Same as Juise. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jewish

Jew"ish (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Jews or Hebrews; characteristic of or resembling the Jews or their customs; Israelitish. -- Jew"ish*ly, adv. -- Jew"ish*ness, n.

Jewry

Jew"ry (?), n. [OE. Jewerie, OF. Juierie, F. Juiverie.] Judea; also, a district inhabited by Jews; a Jews' quarter. Chaucer.
Teaching throughout all Jewry. Luke xxiii. 5.

Jew's-ear

Jew's"-ear` (?), n. (Bot.) A species of fungus (Hirneola Auricula-Jud\'91, ∨ Auricula), bearing some resemblance to the human ear.

Jew's-harp

Jew's-harp` (?), n. [Jew + harp; or possibly a corrupt. of jaw's harp; cf. G. maultrommel, lit., mouthdrum.]1. An instrument of music, which, when placed between the teeth, gives, by means of a bent metal tongue struck by the finger, a sound which is modulated by the breath; -- called also Jew's-trump.

2. (Naut.) The shackle for joining a chain cable to an anchor.

Jew's-stone, Jewstone

Jew's-stone` (?), Jew"stone` (?), n. (Paleon.) A large clavate spine of a fossil sea urchin.

Jezebel

Jez"e*bel (?), n. [From Jezebel, Heb. Izebel, the wife of Ahab king of Israel.] A bold, vicious woman; a termagant. Spectator.

Jharal

Jha"ral (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A wild goat (Capra Jemlaica) which inhabits the loftiest mountains of India. It has long, coarse hair, forming a thick mane on its head and neck.

Jib

Jib (?), n. [Named from its shifting from side to side. See Jib, v. i.., Jibe.]

1. (Naut.) A triangular sail set upon a stay or halyard extending from the foremast or fore-topmast to the bowsprit or the jib boom. Large vessels often carry several jibe; as, inner jib; outer jib; flying jib; etc.

2. (Mach.) The projecting arm of a crane, from which the load is suspended. Jib boom (Naut.), a spar or boom which serves as an extension of the bowsprit. It is sometimes extended by another spar called the flying jib boom. [Written also gib boom.] -- Jib crane (Mach.), a crane having a horizontal jib on which a trolley moves, bearing the load. -- Jib door (Arch.), a door made flush with the wall, without dressings or moldings; a disguised door. -- Jib header (Naut.), a gaff-topsail, shaped like a jib; a jib-headed topsail. -- Jib topsail (Naut.), a small jib set above and outside of all the other jibs. -- The cut of one's jib, one's outward appearance. [Colloq.] Sir W. Scott.

Jib

Jib (?), v. i. [Connected with jibe; cf. OF. giber to shake.] To move restively backward or sidewise, -- said of a horse; to balk. [Written also jibb.] [Eng.]

Jibber

Jib"ber (?), n. A horse that jibs. [Eng.]

Jibe

Jibe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jibed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jibing (?).] [Cf. Dan. gibbe, D. gijpen, v. i., and dial. Sw. gippa to jerk. Cf. Jib, n. & v. i.] (Naut.) To shift, as the boom of a fore-and-aft sail, from one side of a vessel to the other when the wind is aft or on the quarter. See Gybe.

Jibe

Jibe, v. i.

1. (Naut.) To change a ship's course so as to cause a shifting of the boom. See Jibe, v. t., and Gybe.

2. To agree; to harmonize. [Colloq.] Bartlett.

Jiffy

Jif"fy (?), n. [Perh. corrupt. fr. gliff.] [Written also giffy.] A moment; an instant; as, I will be ready in a jiffy. [Colloq.] J. & H. Smith.

Jig

Jig (?), n. [OF. gigue a stringed instrument, a kind of dance, F. gigue dance, tune, gig; of German origin; cf. MHG. g\'c6ge fiddle, G. geige. Cf. Gig a fiddle, Gig a whirligig.]

1. (Mus.) A light, brisk musical movement.

Hot and hasty, like a Scotch jib. Shak.

3. A light, humorous piece of writing, esp. in rhyme; a farce in verse; a ballad. [Obs.]

A jig shall be clapped at, and every rhyme Praised and applauded. Beau. & Fl.

4. A piece of sport; a trick; a prank. [Obs.]

Is't not a fine jig, A precious cunning, in the late Protector? Beau & Fl.

5. A trolling bait, consisting of a bright spoon and a hook attached.

6. (Mach.) (a) A small machine or handy tool; esp.: (Metal Working) A contrivance fastened to or inclosing a piece of work, and having hard steel surfaces to guide a tool, as a drill, or to form a shield or templet to work to, as in filing. (b) (Mining) An apparatus or a machine for jigging ore. Drill jig, a jig for guiding a drill. See Jig,

6 (a). -- Jig drilling, Jig filing (Metal Working), a process of drilling or filing in which the action of the tool is directed or limited by a jig. -- Jig saw, a sawing machine with a narrow, vertically reciprocating saw, used to cut curved and irregular lines, or ornamental patterns in openwork, a scroll saw; -- called also gig saw.

Jig

Jig, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jigged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jigging (?).]

1. To sing to the tune of a jig.

Jig off a tune at the tongue's end. Shak.

2. To trick or cheat; to cajole; to delude. Ford.

3. (Mining) To sort or separate, as ore in a jigger or sieve. See Jigging, n.

4. (Metal Working) To cut or form, as a piece of metal, in a jigging machine.

Jig

Jig, v. i. To dance a jig; to skip about.
You jig, you amble, and you lisp. Shak.

Jigger

Jig"ger (?), n. [A corrupt. of chigre.] (Zo\'94l.) A species of flea (Sarcopsylla, ∨ Pulex, penetrans), which burrows beneath the skin. See Chigoe.

Jigger

Jig"ger, n. [See Jig, n. & v.]

1. One who, or that which, jigs; specifically, a miner who sorts or cleans ore by the process of jigging; also, the sieve used in jigging.

2. (Pottery) (a) A horizontal table carrying a revolving mold, on which earthen vessels are shaped by rapid motion; a potter's wheel. (b) A templet or tool by which vessels are shaped on a potter's wheel.

3. (Naut.) (a) A light tackle, consisting of a double and single block and the fall, used for various purposes, as to increase the purchase on a topsail sheet in hauling it home; the watch tackle. Totten. (b) A small fishing vessel, rigged like a yawl. [New Eng.] (c) A supplementary sail. See Dandy, n., 2 (b).

4. A pendulum rolling machine for slicking or graining leather; same as Jack, 4 (i). Jigger mast. (Naut.) (a) The after mast of a four-masted vessel. (b) The small mast set at the stern of a yawlrigged boat.

Jigging

Jig"ging (?), n. (Mining) The act or using a jig; the act of separating ore with a jigger, or wire-bottomed sieve, which is moved up and down in water. Jigging machine. (a) (Mining) A machine for separating ore by the process of jigging. (b) (Metal Working) A machine with a rotary milling cutter and a templet by which the action of the cutter is guided or limited; -- used for forming the profile of an irregularly shaped piece; a profiling machine.

Jiggish

Jig"gish (?), a.

1. Resembling, or suitable for, a jig, or lively movement. Tatler.

2. Playful; frisky. [R.]

She is never sad, and yet not jiggish. Habington.

Jiggle

Jig"gle (?), v. i. [Freq. of jig.] To wriggle or frisk about; to move awkwardly; to shake up and down.

Jigjog

Jig"jog` (?), n. A jolting motion; a jogging pace.

Jigjog

Jig"jog, a. Having a jolting motion.

Jill

Jill (?), n. [See Gill sweetheart.] A young woman; a sweetheart. See Gill. Beau. & Fl.

Jill-flirt

Jill"-flirt` (?), n. A light, giddy, or wanton girl or woman. See Gill-flirt.

Jilt

Jilt (?), n. [Contr. fr. Scot. jillet a giddy girl, a jill-flirt, dim. of jill a jill.] A woman who capriciously deceives her lover; a coquette; a flirt. Otway.

Jilt

Jilt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jilted; p. pr. & vb. n. Jilting.] To cast off capriciously or unfeeling, as a lover; to deceive in love. Locke.

Jilt

Jilt, v. i. To play the jilt; to practice deception in love; to discard lovers capriciously. Congreve.

Jimcrack

Jim"crack` (?), n. See Gimcrack.

Jim-crow

Jim"-crow` (?), n. (Mach.)

1. A machine for bending or straightening rails.

2. A planing machine with a reversing tool, to plane both ways.

Jimmy

Jim"my (?), n.; pl. Jimmies (#). [Cf. Jemmy.] A short crowbar used by burglars in breaking open doors. [Written also jemmy.]

Jimp

Jimp (?), a. [Cf. Gimp, a.] Neat; handsome; elegant. See Gimp.

Jimson weed

Jim"son weed` (?). See Jamestown weed. [Local, U.S.]

Jin, Jinn

Jin, Jinn (?), n. See Jinnee. "Solomon is said to have had power over the jin." Balfour (Cyc. of India).

Jingal

Jin*gal" (?), n. [Hind. jang\'bel a swivel, a large musket.] A small portable piece of ordnance, mounted on a swivel. [Written also gingal and jingall.] [India]

Jingle

Jin"gle (?), v. i. [OE. gingelen, ginglen; prob. akin to E. chink; cf. also E. jangle.]

1. To sound with a fine, sharp, rattling, clinking, or tinkling sound; as, sleigh bells jingle. [Written also gingle.]

2. To rhyme or sound with a jingling effect. "Jingling street ballads." Macaulay.

Jingle

Jin"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jingled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jingling (?).] To cause to give a sharp metallic sound as a little bell, or as coins shaken together; to tinkle.
The bells she jingled, and the whistle blew. Pope.

Jingle

Jin"gle, n.

1. A rattling, clinking, or tinkling sound, as of little bells or pieces of metal.

2. That which makes a jingling sound, as a rattle.

If you plant where savages are, do not only entertain them with trifles and jingles,but use them justly. Bacon.

3. A correspondence of sound in rhymes, especially when the verse has little merit; hence, the verse itself." The least jingle of verse." Guardian. Jingle shell. See Gold shell (b), under Gold.

Jingler

Jin"gler (?), n. One who, or that which, jingles.

Jingling

Jin"gling (?), n. The act or process of producing a jingle; also, the sound itself; a chink. "The jingling of the guinea." Tennyson.

Jinglingly

Jin"gling*ly, adv. So as to jingle. Lowell.

Jingo

Jin"go (?), n.; pl. Jingoes (#). [Said to be a corruption of St. Gingoulph.]

1. A word used as a jocular oath. "By the living jingo." Goldsmith.

2. A statesman who pursues, or who favors, aggressive, domineering policy in foreign affairs. [Cant, Eng.] &hand; This sense arose from a doggerel song which was popular during the Turco-Russian war of 1877 and 1878. The first two lines were as follows: --

We don't want to fight, but by Jingo if we do, We 've got the ships, we 've got the men, we 've got the money too.

Jingoism

Jin"go*ism (?), n. The policy of the Jingoes, so called. See Jingo, 2. [Cant, Eng.]

Jinnee

Jin"nee (?), n.; pl. Jinn (#). [Ar.] (Arabian & Mohammedan Myth.) A genius or demon; one of the fabled genii, good and evil spirits, supposed to be the children of fire, and to have the power of assuming various forms. [Written also jin, djinnee, etc.] &hand; Jinn is also used as sing., with pl. jinns (.

Jinny road

Jin"ny road` (?). [Cf. Gin an engine, Ginnycarriage.] (Mining) An inclined road in a coal mine, on which loaded cars descend by gravity, drawing up empty ones. Knight.

Jinrikisha

Jin*rik"i*sha (?), n. [Jap. jin man + riki power + sha carriage.] A small, two-wheeled, hooded vehicle drawn by one more men. [Japan]

Jippo

Jip"po (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. juppon.] A waistcoat or kind of stays for women.

Jo

Jo (?), n.; pl. Joes (#). [Etymol. uncertain.] A sweetheart; a darling. [Scot.] Burns.

Job

Job (?), n. [Prov. E. job, gob, n., a small piece of wood, v., to stab, strike; cf. E. gob, gobbet; perh. influenced by E. chop to cut off, to mince. See Gob.]

1. A sudden thrust or stab; a jab.

2. A piece of chance or occasional work; any definite work undertaken in gross for a fixed price; as, he did the job for a thousand dollars.

3. A public transaction done for private profit; something performed ostensibly as a part of official duty, but really for private gain; a corrupt official business.

4. Any affair or event which affects one, whether fortunately or unfortunately. [Colloq.]


Page 801

5. A situation or opportunity of work; as, he lost his job. [Colloq.] &hand; Job is used adjectively to signify doing jobs, used for jobs, or let on hire to do jobs; as, job printer; job master; job horse; job wagon, etc. By the job, at a stipulated sum for the work, or for each piece of work done; -- distinguished from time work; as, the house was built by the job. -- Job lot, a quantity of goods, usually miscellaneous, sold out of the regular course of trade, at a certain price for the whole; as, these articles were included in a job lot. -- Job master, one who lest out horses and carriages for hire, as for family use. [Eng.] -- Job printer, one who does miscellaneous printing, esp. circulars, cards, billheads, etc. -- Odd job, miscellaneous work of a petty kind; occasional work, of various kinds, or for various people.

Job

Job (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jobbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jobbing.]

1. To strike or stab with a pointed instrument. L'Estrange.

2. To thrust in, as a pointed instrument. Moxon.

3. To do or cause to be done by separate portions or lots; to sublet (work); as, to job a contract.

4. (Com.) To buy and sell, as a broker; to purchase of importers or manufacturers for the purpose of selling to retailers; as, to job goods.

5. To hire or let by the job or for a period of service; as, to job a carriage. Thackeray.

Job

Job, v. i.

1. To do chance work for hire; to work by the piece; to do petty work.

Authors of all work, to job for the season. Moore.

2. To seek private gain under pretense of public service; to turn public matters to private advantage.

And judges job, and bishops bite the town. Pope.

3. To carry on the business of a jobber in merchandise or stocks.

Job

Job (?), n. The hero of the book of that name in the Old Testament; the typical patient man. Job's comforter. (a) A false friend; a tactless or malicious person who, under pretense of sympathy, insinuates rebukes. (b) A boil. [Colloq.] -- Job's news, bad news. Carlyle. -- Job's tears (Bot.), a kind of grass (Coix Lacryma), with hard, shining, pearly grains.

Jobation

Jo*ba"tion (?), n. [Prov. E. job to scold, to reprove, perh. fr. Job, the proper name.] A scolding; a hand, tedious reproof. [Law] Grose.

Jobber

Job"ber (?), n.

1. One who works by the job.

2. A dealer in the public stocks or funds; a stockjobber. [Eng.]

3. One who buys goods from importers, wholesalers, or manufacturers, and sells to retailers.

4. One who turns official or public business to private advantage; hence, one who performs low or mercenary work in office, politics, or intrigue.

Jobbernowl

Job"ber*nowl` (?), n. [OE. jobbernoule, fr. jobarde a stupid fellow; cf. E. noll.] A blockhead. [Colloq. & Obs.] H. Taylor.

Jobbery

Job"ber*y (?), n.

1. The act or practice of jobbing.

2. Underhand management; official corruption; as, municipal jobbery. Mayhew.

Jobbing

Job"bing (?), a.

1. Doing chance work or add jobs; as, a jobbing carpenter.

2. Using opportunities of public service for private gain; as, a jobbing politician. London Sat. Rev. Jobbing house, a mercantile establishment which buys from importers, wholesalers or manufacturers, and sells to retailers. [U.S.]

Jocantry

Jo"cant*ry (?), n. [L. jocans, p. pr. of jocare to jest, fr. jocus a jest.] The act or practice of jesting. [Obs.]

Jockey

Jock"ey (?), n.; pl. Jockeys (#). [Dim. of Jack, Scot. Jock; orig., a boy who rides horses. See 2d Jack.]

1. A professional rider of horses in races. Addison.

2. A dealer in horses; a horse trader. Macaulay.

3. A cheat; one given to sharp practice in trade.

Jockey

Jock"ey, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jockeyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jockeying.]

1. " To jostle by riding against one." Johnson.

2. To play the jockey toward; to cheat; to trick; to impose upon in trade; as, to jockey a customer.

Jockey

Jock"ey, v. i. To play or act the jockey; to cheat.

Jockeying

Jock"ey*ing (?), n. The act or management of one who jockeys; trickery. Beaconsfield.

Lockeyism

Lock"ey*ism (?), n. The practice of jockeys.

Lockeyship

Lock"ey*ship, n. The art, character, or position, of a jockey; the personality of a jockey.
Go flatter Sawney for his jockeyship. Chatterton.
Where can at last his jockeyship retire? Cowper.

Jocose

Jo*cose" (?), a. [L jocosus, fr. jocus joke. See Joke.] Given to jokes and jesting; containing a joke, or abounding in jokes; merry; sportive; humorous.
To quit their austerity and be jocose and pleasant with an adversary. Shaftesbury.
All . . . jocose or comical airs should be excluded. I. Watts.
Syn. -- Jocular; facetious; witty; merry; pleasant; waggish; sportive; funny; comical. -- Jo*cose"ly, adv. -- Jo*cose"ness, n.
Spondanus imagines that Ulysses may possibly speak jocosely, but in truth Ulysses never behaves with levity. Broome.
He must beware lest his letter should contain anything like jocoseness; since jesting is incompatible with a holy and serious life. Buckle.

Jocoserious

Jo`co*se"ri*ous (?), a. [Jocose + serious.] Mingling mirth and seriousness. M. Green.

Jocosity

Jo*cos"i*ty (?), n. A jocose act or saying; jocoseness. Sir T. Browne.

Jocular

Joc"u*lar (?), a. [L. jocularis, fr. joculus, dim. of jocus joke. See Joke.]

1. Given to jesting; jocose; as, a jocular person.

2. Sportive; merry. "Jocular exploits." Cowper.

The style is serious and partly jocular. Dryden.

Jocularity

Joc`u*lar"i*ty (?), n. Jesting; merriment.

Jocularly

Joc"u*lar*ly (?), adv. In jest; for sport or mirth; jocosely.

Joculary

Joc"u*la*ry (?), a. [L. jocularius. Cf. Jocular.] Jocular; jocose; sportive. Bacon.

Joculator

Joc"u*la`tor (?), n. [L. See Juggler.] A jester; a joker. [Obs.] Strutt.

Joculatory

Joc"u*la*to*ry (?), a. [L. joculatorius.] Droll; sportive. [Obs.] Cockeram.

Jocund

Joc"und (?), [L. jocundus, jucundus, orig., helpful, fr. juvare to help. See Aid.] Merry; cheerful; gay; airy; lively; sportive.
Night's candles are burnt out, and jocund day Stands tiptoe on the misty mountain tops. Shak.
Rural sports and jocund strains. Prior.
-- Joc"und*ly (#), adv. -- Joc"und*ness, n.

Jocund

Joc"und, adv. Merrily; cheerfully. Gray.

Jocundity

Jo*cun"di*ty (?), n. [L. jocunditas jucunditas. See Jocund, and cf. Jucundity.] The state or quality of being jocund; gayety; sportiveness.

Joe

Joe (?), n. See Johannes.

Joe Miller

Joe" Mil"ler (?). [From Joseph Miller, a comic actor, whose name was attached, after his death, to a popular jest book published in 1739.] A jest book; a stale jest; a worn-out joke. [Colloq.]
It is an old Joe Miller in whist circles, that there are only two reasons that can justify you in not returning trumps to your partner's lead; i. e., first, sudden illness; secondly, having none. Pole.

Joe-Pye weed

Joe`-Pye" weed` (?). (Bot.) A tall composite plant of the genus Eupatorium (E. purpureum), with purplish flowers, and whorled leaves.

Jog

Jog (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jogged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jogging (?).] [OE. joggen; cf. W. gogi to shake, and also E. shog, shock, v.]

1. To push or shake with the elbow or hand; to jostle; esp., to push or touch, in order to give notice, to excite one's attention, or to warn.

Now leaps he upright, jogs me, and cries: Do you see Yonder well-favored youth? Donne.
Sudden I jogged Ulysses, who was laid Fast by my side. Pope.

2. To suggest to; to notify; to remind; to call the attention of; as, to jog the memory.

3. To cause to jog; to drive at a jog, as a horse. See Jog, v. i.

Jog

Jog, v. i. To move by jogs or small shocks, like those of a slow trot; to move slowly, leisurely, or monotonously; -- usually with on, sometimes with over.
Jog on, jog on, the footpath way. Shak.
So hung his destiny, never to rot,
While he might still jog on and keep his trot. Milton
.
The good old ways our sires jogged safely over. R. Browning.

Jog

Jog, n.

1. A slight shake; a shake or push intended to give notice or awaken attention; a push; a jolt.

To give them by turns an invisible jog. Swift.

2. A rub; a slight stop; an obstruction; hence, an irregularity in motion of from; a hitch; a break in the direction of a line or the surface of a plane. Glanvill. Jog trot, a slow, regular, jolting gait; hence, a routine habit or method, persistently adhered to. T. Hook.

Jogger

Jog"ger (?), n. One who jogs. Dryden.

Jogging

Jog"ging (?), n. The act of giving a jog or jogs; traveling at a jog.

Joggle

Jog"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Joggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Joggling (?).] [Freq. of jog.]

1. To shake slightly; to push suddenly but slightly, so as to cause to shake or totter; to jostle; to jog.

2. (Arch.) To join by means of joggles, so as to prevent sliding apart; sometimes, loosely, to dowel.

The struts of a roof are joggled into the truss posts. Gwilt.

Joggle

Jog"gle, v. i. To shake or totter; to slip out of place.

Joggle

Jog"gle, n. [Arch.] A notch or tooth in the joining surface of any piece of building material to prevent slipping; sometimes, but incorrectly, applied to a separate piece fitted into two adjacent stones, or the like. Joggle joint (Arch.), a joint in any kind of building material, where the joining surfaces are made with joggles.

Johannean

Jo`han*ne"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to John, esp. to the Apostle John or his writings. M. Stuart.

Johannes

Jo*han"nes (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Y, Y, i. e., one whom Jehovah has blessed; hence F. Jean, E. John.] (Numis.) A Portuguese gold coin of the value of eight dollars, named from the figure of King John which it bears;- often contracted into joe; as, a joe, or a half joe.

Johannisberger

Jo*han"nis*ber`ger (?), n. [G.] A fine white wine produced on the estate of Schloss (or Castle) Johannisberg, on the Rhine.

John

John (?), n. [See Johannes.] A proper name of a man. John-apple, a sort of apple ripe about St. John's Day. Same as Apple-john. -- John Bull, an ideal personification of the typical characteristics of an Englishman, or of the English people. -- John Bullism, English character. W. Irving. -- John Doe (Law), the name formerly given to the fictitious plaintiff in an action of ejectment. Mozley & W. -- John Doree, John Dory. [John (or F. jaune yellow) + Doree, Dory.] (Zo\'94l.) An oval, compressed, European food fish (Zeus faber). Its color is yellow and olive, with golden, silvery, and blue reflections. It has a round dark spot on each side. Called also dory, doree, and St. Peter's fish.

Johnadreams

John"a*dreams` (?), n. A dreamy, idle fellow. Shak.

Johnny

John"ny (?), n.; pl. Johnnies (.

1. A familiar diminutive of John.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A sculpin. [Local cant] Johny Crapaud (, a jocose designation of a Frenchman, or of the French people, collectively.

Johnnycako

John"ny*cako` (?), n. A kind of bread made of the meal of maize (Indian corn), mixed with water or milk, etc., and baked. [U.S.] J. Barlow.

Johnsonese

John`son*ese" (?), n. The literary style of Dr. Samuel Johnson, or one formed in imitation of it; an inflated, stilted, or pompous style, affecting classical words. E. Everett.

Johnson grass

John"son grass` (?). [Named after W. Johnson of Alabama, who planted it about 1840-1845.] (Bot.) A tall perennial grass (Sorghum Halepense), valuable in the Southern and Western States for pasture and hay. The rootstocks are large and juicy and are eagerly sought by swine. Called also Cuba grass, Means grass, Evergreen millet, and Arabian millet.

Johnsonian

John*so"ni*an (?), a. Pertaining to or resembling Dr. Johnson or his style; pompous; inflated.

Johnsonianism

John*so"ni*an*ism (?), n. A manner of acting or of writing peculiar to, or characteristic of, Dr. Johnson. [Written also Johnsonism.]

John's-wort

John's"-wort` (?), n. See St. John's-wort.

Join

Join (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Joined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Joining.] [OE. joinen, joignen, F. joindre, fr. L. jungere to yoke, bind together, join; akin to jugum yoke. See Yoke, and cf. Conjugal, Junction, Junta.]

1. To bring together, literally or figuratively; to place in contact; to connect; to couple; to unite; to combine; to associate; to add; to append.

Woe unto them that join house to house. Is. v. 8.
Held up his left hand, which did flame and burn Like twenty torches joined. Shak.
Thy tuneful voice with numbers join. Dryden.

2. To associate one's self to; to be or become connected with; to league one's self with; to unite with; as, to join a party; to join the church.

We jointly now to join no other head. Dryden.

3. To unite in marriage.

He that joineth his virgin in matrimony. Wyclif.
What, therefore, God hath joined together, let not man put asunder. Matt. xix. 6.

4. To enjoin upon; to command. [Obs. & R.]

They join them penance, as they call it. Tyndale.

5. To accept, or engage in, as a contest; as, to join encounter, battle, issue. Milton. To join battle, To join issue. See under Battle, Issue. Syn. -- To add; annex; unite; connect; combine; consociate; couple; link; append. See Add.

Join

Join, v. i. To be contiguous, close, or in contact; to come together; to unite; to mingle; to form a union; as, the hones of the skull join; two rivers join.
Whose house joined hard to the synagogue. Acts xviii. 7.
Should we again break thy commandments, and join in affinity with the people of these abominations? Ezra ix. 14.
Nature and fortune joined to make thee great. Shak.

Join

Join, n. (Geom.) The line joining two points; the point common to two intersecting lines. Henrici.

Joinant

Join"ant (?), a. [OF. & F. joignant, p. pr. of joindre to join.] Adjoining. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Joinder

Join"der (?), n. [F. joindre. See Join, v. t.]

1. The act of joining; a putting together; conjunction.

Confirmed by mutual joinder of your hands. Shak.

2. (Law) (a) A joining of parties as plaintiffs or defendants in a suit. (b) Acceptance of an issue tendered in law or fact. (c) A joining of causes of action or defense in civil suits or criminal prosecutions.

Joiner

Join"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, joins.

2. One whose occupation is to construct articles by joining pieces of wood; a mechanic who does the woodwork (as doors, stairs, etc.) necessary for the finishing of buildings. "One Snug, the joiner." Shak.

3. A wood-working machine, for sawing, plaining, mortising, tenoning, grooving, etc. Syn. -- See Carpenter.

Joinery

Join"er*y (?), n. The art, or trade, of a joiner; the work of a joiner.
A piece of joinery . . . whimsically dovetailed. Burke.

Joinhand

Join"hand` (?), n. Writing in which letters are joined in words; -- distinguished from writing in single letters. Addison.

Joint

Joint (?), n. [F. joint, fr. joindre, p. p. joint. See Join.]

1. The place or part where two things or parts are joined or united; the union of two or more smooth or even surfaces admitting of a close-fitting or junction; junction as, a joint between two pieces of timber; a joint in a pipe.

2. A joining of two things or parts so as to admit of motion; an articulation, whether movable or not; a hinge; as, the knee joint; a node or joint of a stem; a ball and socket joint. See Articulation.

A scaly gauntlet now, with joints of steel, Must glove this hand. Shak.
To tear thee joint by joint. Milton.

3. The part or space included between two joints, knots, nodes, or articulations; as, a joint of cane or of a grass stem; a joint of the leg.

4. Any one of the large pieces of meat, as cut into portions by the butcher for roasting.

5. (Geol.) A plane of fracture, or divisional plane, of a rock transverse to the stratification.

6. (Arch.) The space between the adjacent surfaces of two bodies joined and held together, as by means of cement, mortar, etc.; as, a thin joint.

7. The means whereby the meeting surfaces of pieces in a structure are secured together. Coursing joint (Masonry), the mortar joint between two courses of bricks or stones. -- Fish joint, Miter joint, Universal joint, etc. See under Fish, Miter, etc. -- Joint bolt, a bolt for fastening two pieces, as of wood, one endwise to the other, having a nut embedded in one of the pieces. -- Joint chair (Railroad), the chair that supports the ends of abutting rails. -- Joint coupling, a universal joint for coupling shafting. See under Universal. -- Joint hinge, a hinge having long leaves; a strap hinge. -- Joint splice, a re\'89nforce at a joint, to sustain the parts in their true relation. -- Joint stool. (a) A stool consisting of jointed parts; a folding stool. Shak. (b) A block for supporting the end of a piece at a joint; a joint chair. -- Out of joint, out of place; dislocated, as when the head of a bone slips from its socket; hence, not working well together; disordered. "The time is out of joint." Shak.


Page 802

Joint

Joint (?), a. [F., p. p. of joindre. See Join.]

1. Joined; united; combined; concerted; as joint action.

2. Involving the united activity of two or more; done or produced by two or more working together.

I read this joint effusion twice over. T. Hook.

3. United, joined, or sharing with another or with others; not solitary in interest or action; holding in common with an associate, or with associates; acting together; as, joint heir; joint creditor; joint debtor, etc. "Joint tenants of the world." Donne.

4. Shared by, or affecting two or more; held in common; as, joint property; a joint bond.

A joint burden laid upon us all. Shak.
Joint committee (Parliamentary Practice), a committee composed of members of the two houses of a legislative body, for the appointment of which concurrent resolutions of the two houses are necessary. Cushing. -- Joint meeting, ∨ Joint session, the meeting or session of two distinct bodies as one; as, a joint meeting of committees representing different corporations; a joint session of both branches of a State legislature to chose a United States senator. "Such joint meeting shall not be dissolved until the electoral votes are all counted and the result declared." Joint Rules of Congress, U. S. -- Joint resolution (Parliamentary Practice), a resolution adopted concurrently by the two branches of a legislative body. "By the constitution of the United States and the rules of the two houses, no absolute distinction is made between bills and joint resolutions." Barclay (Digest). -- Joint rule (Parliamentary Practice), a rule of proceeding adopted by the concurrent action of both branches of a legislative assembly. "Resolved, by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), that the sixteenth and seventeenth joint rules be suspended for the remainder of the session." Journal H. of R., U. S. -- Joint and several (Law), a phrase signifying that the debt, credit, obligation, etc., to which it is applied is held in such a way that the parties in interest are engaged both together and individually thus a joint and several debt is one for which all the debtors may be sued together or either of them individually. -- Joint stock, stock held in company. -- Joint-stock company (Law), a species of partnership, consisting generally of a large number of members, having a capital divided, or agreed to be divided, into shares, the shares owned by any member being usually transferable without the consent of the rest. -- Joint tenancy (Law), a tenure by two or more persons of estate by unity of interest, title, time, and possession, under which the survivor takes the whole. Blackstone. -- Joint tenant (Law), one who holds an estate by joint tenancy.

Joint

Joint, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jointed; p. pr. & vb. n. Jointing.]

1. To unite by a joint or joints; to fit together; to prepare so as to fit together; as, to joint boards.

Pierced through the yielding planks of jointed wood. Pope.

2. To join; to connect; to unite; to combine.

Jointing their force 'gainst C\'91sar. Shak.

3. To provide with a joint or joints; to articulate.

The fingers are jointed together for motion. Ray.

4. To separate the joints; of; to divide at the joint or joints; to disjoint; to cut up into joints, as meat. "He joints the neck. Dryden.

Quartering, jointing, seething, and roasting. Holland.

Joint

Joint, v. i. To fit as if by joints; to coalesce as joints do; as, the stones joint, neatly.

Jointed

Joint"ed, a. Having joints; articulated; full of nodes; knotty; as, a jointed doll; jointed structure. "The jointed herbage." J. Philips. -- Joint"ed*ly, adv.

Jointer

Joint"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, joints.

2. A plane for smoothing the surfaces of pieces which are to be accurately joined; especially: (a) The longest plane used by a joiner. (b) (Coopering) A long stationary plane, for plaining the edges of barrel staves.

3. (Masonry) (a) A bent piece of iron inserted to strengthen the joints of a wall. (b) A tool for pointing the joints in brickwork.

Joint-fir

Joint"-fir` (?), n. (Bot.) A genus (Ephedra) of leafless shrubs, with the stems conspicuously jointed; -- called also shrubby horsetail. There are about thirty species, of which two or three are found from Texas to California.

Jointing

Joint"ing, n. The act or process of making a joint; also, the joints thus produced. Jointing machine, a planing machine for wood used in furniture and piano factories, etc. -- Jointing plane. See Jointer, 2. -- Jointing rule (Masonry), a long straight rule, used by bricklayers for securing straight joints and faces.

Jointless

Joint"less, a. Without a joint; rigid; stiff.

Jointly

Joint"ly, adv. In a joint manner; together; unitedly; in concert; not separately.
Then jointly to the ground their knees they bow. Shak.

Jointress

Joint"ress (?), n. (Law) A woman who has a jointure. [Written also jointuress.] Blackstone.

Jointure

Join"ture (?), n. [F. jointure a joint, orig., a joining, L. junctura, fr. jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Juncture.]

1. A joining; a joint. [Obs.]

2. (Law) An estate settled on a wife, which she is to enjoy after husband's decease, for her own life at least, in satisfaction of dower.

The jointure that your king must make, Which with her dowry shall be counterpoised. Shak.

Jointure

Join"ture (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jointured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jointuring.] To settle a jointure upon.

Jointureless

Join"ture*less, a. Having no jointure.

Jointuress

Join"tur*ess, n. See Jointress. Bouvier.

Jointweed

Joint"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A slender, nearly leafless, American herb (Polygonum articulatum), with jointed spikes of small flowers.

Jointworm

Joint"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of a small, hymenopterous fly (Eurytoma hordei), which is found in gall-like swellings on the stalks of wheat, usually at or just above the first joint. In some parts of America it does great damage to the crop.

Joist

Joist (?), n. [OE. giste, OF. giste, F. g\'8cte, fr. gesir to lie, F. g\'82sir. See Gist.] (Arch.) A piece of timber laid horizontally, or nearly so, to which the planks of the floor, or the laths or furring strips of a ceiling, are nailed; -- called, according to its position or use, binding joist, bridging joist, ceiling joist, trimming joist, etc. See Illust. of Double-framed floor, under Double, a.

Joist

Joist, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Joisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Joisting.] To fit or furnish with joists. Johnson.

Joke

Joke, n. [L. jocus. Cf Jeopardy, Jocular, Juggler.]

1. Something said for the sake of exciting a laugh; something witty or sportive (commonly indicating more of hilarity or humor than jest); a jest; a witticism; as, to crack good-natured jokes.

And gentle dullness ever loves a joke. Pope.
Or witty joke our airy senses moves To pleasant laughter. Gay.

2. Something not said seriously, or not actually meant; something done in sport.

Inclose whole downs in walls, 't is all a joke. Pope.
In joke, in jest; sportively; not meant seriously. -- Practical joke. See under Practical.

Joke

Joke, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Joked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Joking.] To make merry with; to make jokes upon; to rally; to banter; as, to joke a comrade.

Joke

Joke, v. i. [L. jocari.] To do something for sport, or as a joke; to be merry in words or actions; to jest.
He laughed, shouted, joked, and swore. Macaulay.
Syn. -- To jest; sport; rally; banter. See Jest.

Joker

Jok"er (?), n.

1. One who makes jokes or jests.

2. (Card Playing) See Rest bower, under 2d Bower.

Jokingly

Jok"ing*ly, adv. In a joking way; sportively.

Jole, Joll

Jole, Joll (?), v. t. & n. Same as Jowl. Shak.

Jolif

Jol*if" (?), a. [See Jolly.] Joyful; merry; pleasant; jolly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jollification

Jol`li*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Jolly + L. -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.] A merrymaking; noisy festivity. [Colloq.]
We have had a jollification or so together. Sir W. Scott.

Jollily

Jol"li*ly (?), adv. In a jolly manner.

Jolloment

Jol"lo*ment (?), n. Jollity. [Obs.] Spenser.

Jolliness

Jol"li*ness, n. Jollity; noisy mirth. Chaucer.

Jollity

Jol"li*ty (?), n. [From Jolly: cf. OF. joliet\'82, jolivet\'82.] Noisy mirth; gayety; merriment; festivity; boisterous enjoyment. Chaucer.
All now was turned to jollity and game. Milton.
He with a proud jollity commanded him to leave that quarrel only for him, who was only worthy to enter into it. Sir P. Sidney.
Syn. -- Merriment; mirth; gayety; festivity; hilarity.

Jolly

Jol"ly (?), a. [Compar. Jollier (?); superl. Jolliest.] [OF. joli, jolif, joyful, merry, F. joli pretty; of Scand. origin, akin to E. yule; cf. Icel. j yule, Christmass feast. See Yule.]

1. Full of life and mirth; jovial; joyous; merry; mirthful.

Like a jolly troop of huntsmen. Shak.
"A jolly place," said he, "in times of old! But something ails it now: the spot is cursed." Wordsworth.

2. Expressing mirth, or inspiring it; exciting mirth and gayety.

And with his jolly pipe delights the groves. Prior.
Their jolly notes they chanted loud and clear. Fairfax.

3. Of fine appearance; handsome; excellent; lively; agreeable; pleasant. "A jolly cool wind." Sir T. North. [Now mostly colloq.]

Full jolly knight he seemed, and fair did sit. Spenser.
The coachman is swelled into jolly dimensions. W. Irving.

Jolly-boat

Jol"ly-boat` (?), n. [A corruption of Dan. jolle yawl, or of D. jol yawl + E. boat. See Yawl the boat.] (Naut.) A boat of medium size belonging to a ship.

Jollyhead

Jol"ly*head (?), n. Jollity. [Obs.] Spenser.

Jolt

Jolt, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jolted; p. pr. & vb. n. Jolting.] [Prob. fr. jole, joll, jowl, and orig. meaning, to knock on the head. See Jowl.] To shake with short, abrupt risings and fallings, as a carriage moving on rough ground; as, the coach jolts.

Jolt

Jolt, v. t. To cause to shake with a sudden up and down motion, as in a carriage going over rough ground, or on a high-trotting horse; as, the horse jolts the rider; fast driving jolts the carriage and the passengers.

Jolt

Jolt, n. A sudden shock or jerk; a jolting motion, as in a carriage moving over rough ground.
The first jolt had like to have shaken me out. Swift.

Jolter

Jolt"er (?), n. One who, or that which, jolts.

Jolterhead, Jolthead

Jolt"er*head`, Jolt"head` (?), n. [See Jolt, Jowl.] A dunce; a blockhead. Sir T. North.

Joltingly

Jolt"ing*ly, adv. In a jolting manner.

Jolty

Jolt"y (?), a. That jolts; as, a jolty coach. [Colloq.]

Jonah

Jo"nah (?), n. The Hebrew prophet, who was cast overboard as one who endangered the ship; hence, any person whose presence is unpropitious. Jonah crab (Zo\'94l.), a large crab (Cancer borealis) of the eastern coast of the United States, sometimes found between tides, but usually in deep water.

Jonesian

Jo*ne"sian (?), a. Of or pertaining to Jones. The Jonesian system, a system of transliterating Oriental words by English letters, invented by Sir William Jones.

Jongleur, Jongler

Jon"gleur (?), Jon"gler (?), n. [F. jongleur. See Juggler.]

1. In the Middle Ages, a court attendant or other person who, for hire, recited or sang verses, usually of his own composition. See Troubadour.

Vivacity and picturesquenees of the jongleur's verse. J R. Green.

2. A juggler; a conjuror. See Juggler. Milton.

Jonquil, Jonquille

Jon"quil, Jon"quille, n. [F. jonquille, fr. L. juncus a rush, because it has rushlike leaves.] (Bot.) A bulbous plant of the genus Narcissus (N. Jonquilla), allied to the daffodil. It has long, rushlike leaves, and yellow or white fragrant flowers. The root has emetic properties. It is sometimes called the rush-leaved daffodil. See Illust. of Corona.

Joram

Jo"ram (?), n. See Jorum.

Jordan, Jorden

Jor"dan (?), Jor"den (?), n. [Prob. fr. the river Jordan, and shortened fr. Jordan bottle a bottle of water from the Jordan, brought back by pilgrims.]

1. A pot or vessel with a large neck, formerly used by physicians and alchemists. [Obs.] Halliwell.

2. A chamber pot. [Obs.] Chaucer. Shak.

Jorum

Jo"rum (?), n. [Perh. corrupted fr. jorden an earthen pot.] A large drinking vessel; also, its contents. [Colloq. Eng.] Forby.

Joseph

Jo"seph (?), n. An outer garment worn in the 18th century; esp., a woman's riding habit, buttoned down the front. Fairholt.

Joseph's flower

Jo"seph's flow"er (?). (Bot.) A composite herb (Tragopogon pratensis), of the same genus as the salsify.

Joso

Jo"so (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small gudgeon.

Joss

Joss (?), n. [Chinese, corrupt. fr. Pg. deos God, L. deus.] A Chinese household divinity; a Chinese idol. "Critic in jars and josses." Colman (1761). Joss house, a Chinese temple or house for the Chinese mode of worship. -- Joss stick, a reed covered with a paste made of the dust of odoriferous woods, or a cylinder made wholly of the paste; -- burned by the Chinese before an idol.

Jossa

Jos"sa (?), interj. A command to a horse, probably meaning "stand still." [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jostle

Jos"tle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jostled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jostling (?).] [A dim. of joust, just, v. See Joust, and cf. Justle.] [Written also justle.] To run against and shake; to push out of the way; to elbow; to hustle; to disturb by crowding; to crowd against. "Bullies jostled him." Macaulay.
Systems of movement, physical, intellectual, and moral, which are perpetually jostling each other. I. Taylor.

Jostle

Jos"tle, v. i. To push; to crowd; to hustle.
None jostle with him for the wall. Lamb.

Jostle

Jos"tle, n. A conflict by collisions; a crowding or bumping together; interference.
The jostle of South African nationalities and civilization. The Nation.

Jostlement

Jos"tle*ment (?), n. Crowding; hustling.

Jot

Jot (?), n. [L. iota, Gr. i. Heb. y), the smallest letter of the Greek alphabet. Cf. Iota.] An iota; a point; a tittle; the smallest particle. Cf. Bit, n.
Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled. Matt. v. 18.
Neither will they bate One jot of ceremony. Shak.

Jot

Jot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Jotting.] To set down; to make a brief note of; -- usually followed by down.

Jotter

Jot"ter (?), n.

1. One who jots down memoranda.

2. A memorandum book.

Jougs

Jougs (?), n. [F. joug a yoke, L. jugum. See Yoke.] An iron collar fastened to a wall or post, formerly used in Scotland as a kind of pillory. [Written also juggs.] See Juke. Sir W. Scott.

Jouissance

Jou"is*sance (?), n. [F., fr. jouir to enjoy, fr. L. gaudere to rejoice.] Jollity; merriment. [Obs.] Spenser.

Jouk

Jouk (?), v. i. See Juke.

Joul

Joul (?), v. t. See Jowl.

Joule

Joule (?), n. [From the distinguished English physicist, James P. Joule.] (Physics.) A unit of work which is equal to 107 units of work in the C. G. S. system of units (ergs), and is practically equivalent to the energy expended in one second by an electric current of one ampere in a resistance of one ohm. One joule is approximately equal to 0.738 foot pounds. Joule's equivalent. See under Equivalent, n.

Jounce

Jounce (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Jounced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jouncing (?).] [Cf. Jaunce.] To jolt; to shake, especially by rough riding or by driving over obstructions.

Jounce

Jounce, n. A jolt; a shake; a hard trot.

Journal

Jour"nal (?), a. [F., fr. L. diurnalis diurnal, fr. diurnus belonging to the day, fr. dies day. See Diurnal.] Daily; diurnal. [Obs.]
Whiles from their journal labors they did rest. Spenser.

Journal

Jour"nal, n. [F. journal. See Journal, a.]

1. A diary; an account of daily transactions and events. Specifically: (a) (Bookkeeping) A book of accounts, in which is entered a condensed and grouped statement of the daily transactions. (b) (Naut.) A daily register of the ship's course and distance, the winds, weather, incidents of the voyage, etc. (c) (Legislature) The record of daily proceedings, kept by the clerk. (d) A newspaper published daily; by extension, a weekly newspaper or any periodical publication, giving an account of passing events, the proceedings and memoirs of societies, etc. ; a periodical; a magazine.


Page 803

2. That which has occurred in a day; a day's work or travel; a day's journey. [Obs. & R.] B. Jonson.

3. (Mach.) That portion of a rotating piece, as a shaft, axle, spindle, etc., which turns in a bearing or box. See Illust. of Axle box. Journal box, ∨ Journal bearing (Mach.) the carrier of a journal; the box in which the journal of a shaft, axle, or pin turns.

Journalism

Jour"nal*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. journalisme.]

1. The keeping of a journal or diary. [Obs.]

2. The periodical collection and publication of current news; the business of managing, editing, or writing for, journals or newspapers; as, political journalism.

Journalism is now truly an estate of the realm. Ed. Rev.

Journalist

Jour"nal*ist, n. [Cf. F. journaliste.]

1. One who keeps a journal or diary. [Obs.] Mickle.

2. The conductor of a public journal, or one whose business it to write for a public journal; an editorial or other professional writer for a periodical. Addison.

Journalistic

Jour"nal*is"tic (?), a. Pertaining to journals or to journalists; contained in, or characteristic of, the public journals; as journalistic literature or enterprise.

Journalize

Jour"nal*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Journalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Journalizing (?).] To enter or record in a journal or diary. Johnson.

Journalize

Jour"nal*ize, v. i. to conduct or contribute to a public journal; to follow the profession of a journalist.

Journey

Jour"ney (?), n.; pl. Journeys (#). [OE. jornee, journee, prop., a day's journey, OF. jorn\'82e, jurn\'82e, a day, a day's work of journey, F. journ\'82e, fr. OF. jorn, jurn, jor a day, F. jour, fr. L. diurnus. See Journal.]

1. The travel or work of a day. [Obs.] Chaucer.

We have yet large day, for scarce the sun Hath finished half his journey. Milton.

2. Travel or passage from one place to another; hence, figuratively, a passage through life.

The good man . . . is gone a long journey. Prov. vii. 19.
We must all have the same journey's end. Bp. Stillingfleet.
Syn. -- Tour; excursion; trip; expedition; pilgrimage. -- Journey, Tour, Excursion, Pilgrimage. The word journey suggests the idea of a somewhat prolonged traveling for a specific object, leading a person to pass directly from one point to another. In a tour, we take a roundabout course from place to place, more commonly for pleasure, though sometimes on business. An excursion is usually a brief tour or trip for pleasure, health, etc. In a pilgrimage we travel to a place hallowed by our religions affections, or by some train of sacred or tender associations. A journey on important business; the tour of Europe; an excursion to the lakes; a pilgrimage to the Holy Land.

Journey

Jour"ney, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Journeyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Journeying.] To travel from place to place; to go from home to a distance.
Abram journeyed, going on still toward the south. Gen. xii. 9.

Journey

Jour"ney, v. t. To traverse; to travel over or through. [R.] "I journeyed many a land." Sir W. Scott.

Journey-bated

Jour"ney-bat`ed (?), a. Worn out with journeying. [Obs.] Shak.

Journeyer

Jour"ney*er (?), n. One who journeys.

Journeyman

Jour"ney*man (?), n.; pl. Journeymen (. Formerly, a man hired to work by the day; now, commonly, one who has mastered a handicraft or trade; -- distinguished from apprentice and from master workman.
I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, and not made them well. Shak.

Journeywork

Jour"ney*work` (?), n. Originally, work done by the day; work done by a journeyman at his trade.

Joust

Joust (?), v. i. [OE. justen, jousten, OF. jouster, jouster, joster, F. jouter, fr. L. juxta near to, nigh, from the root of jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Jostle.] To engage in mock combat on horseback, as two knights in the lists; to tilt. [Written also just.]
For the whole army to joust and tourney. Holland.

Joust

Joust, n. [OE. juste, jouste, OF. juste, jouste, joste, F. joute. See Joust, v. i.] A tilting match; a mock combat on horseback between two knights in the lists or inclosed field. [Written also just.]
Gorgeous knights at joust and tournament. Milton.

Jouster

Joust"er, n. One who jousts or tilts.

Jove

Jove (?), n. [L. Jupiter, gen. Jovis, OL. Jovis, nom. & gen. for Djovis; akin to E. Tuesday. See Tuesday, and cf. Jupiter.]

1. The chief divinity of the ancient Romans; Jupiter.

2. (Astron.) The planet Jupiter. [R.] Pope.

3. (Alchemy) The metal tin. Bird of Jove, the eagle.

Jovial

Jo"vi*al (?), a. [F., fr. L. Jovialis pertaining to Jove. The planet Jupiter was thought to make those born under it joyful or jovial. See Jove.]

1. Of or pertaining to the god, or the planet, Jupiter. [Obs.]

Our jovial star reigned at his birth. Shak.
The fixed stars astrologically differenced by the planets, and esteemed Martial or Jovial according to the colors whereby they answer these planets. Sir T. Browne.

2. Sunny; serene. [Obs.] "The heavens always joviall." Spenser.

3. Gay; merry; joyous; jolly; mirth-inspiring; hilarious; characterized by mirth or jollity; as, a jovial youth; a jovial company; a jovial poem.

Be bright and jovial among your guests. Shak.
His odes are some of them panegyrical, others moral; the rest are jovial or bacchanalian. Dryden.
&hand; This word is a relic of the belief in planetary influence. Other examples are saturnine, mercurial, martial, lunatic, etc. Syn. -- Merry; joyous; gay; festive; mirthful; gleeful; jolly; hilarious.

Jovialist

Jo"vi*al*ist (?), n. One who lives a jovial life. Bp. Hall.

Joviality

Jo`vi*al"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. jovialit\'82.] The quality or state of being jovial. Sir T. Herbert.

Jovially

Jo"vi*al*ly (?), adv. In a jovial manner; merrily; gayly. B. Jonson.

Jovialness

Jo"vi*al*ness, n. Noisy mirth; joviality. Hewyt.

Jovialty

Jo"vi*al*ty (?), n. Joviality. [R.] Barrow.

Jovian

Jo"vi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Jove, or Jupiter (either the deity or the planet).

Jovicentric

Jo`vi*cen"tric (?), a. [See Jove, and Center.] (Astron.) Revolving around the planet Jupiter; appearing as viewed from Jupiter. [R.] J. R. Hind.

Jovinianist

Jo*vin"ian*ist (?), n. (Script. Hist.) An adherent to the doctrines of Jovinian, a monk of the fourth century, who denied the virginity of Mary, and opposed the asceticism of his time.

Jowl

Jowl (?), n. [For older chole, chaul, AS. ceaft jaw. Cf. Chaps.] The cheek; the jaw. [Written also jole, choule, chowle, and geoule.] Cheek by jowl, with the cheeks close together; side by side; in close proximity. "I will go with three cheek by jole." Shak. " Sits cheek by jowl." Dryden.

Jowl

Jowl, v. t. To throw, dash, or knock. [Obs.]
How the knave jowls it to the ground. Shak.

Jowler

Jowl"er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A dog with large jowls, as the beagle.

Jowter

Jow"ter (?), n. A mounted peddler of fish; -- called also jouster. [Obs.] Carew.

Joy

Joy (?), n. [OE. joye, OF. joye, joie, goie, F. joie, L. gaudia, pl. of gaudium joy, fr. gaudere to rejoice, to be glad; cf. Gr. Gaud, Jewel.]

1. The passion or emotion excited by the acquisition or expectation of good; pleasurable feelings or emotions caused by success, good fortune, and the like, or by a rational prospect of possessing what we love or desire; gladness; exhilaration of spirits; delight.

Her heavenly form beheld, all wished her joy. Dryden.
Glides the smooth current of domestic joy. Johnson.
Who, for the joy that was set before him, endured the cross, despising the shame. Heb. xii. 2.
Tears of true joy for his return. Shak.
Joy is a delight of the mind, from the consideration of the present or assured approaching possession of a good. Locke.

2. That which causes joy or happiness.

For ye are our glory and joy. 1 Thess. ii. 20.
A thing of beauty is a joy forever. Keats.

3. The sign or exhibition of joy; gayety; mirth; merriment; festivity.

Such joy made Una, when her knight she found. Spenser.
The roofs with joy resound. Dryden.
&hand; Joy is used in composition, esp. with participles, to from many self-explaining compounds; as, joy-hells, joy-ringing, joy-inspiring, joy-resounding, etc. Syn. -- Gladness; pleasure; delight; happiness; exultation; transport; felicity; ecstasy; rapture; bliss; gayety; mirth; merriment; festivity; hilarity.

Joy

Joy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Joyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Joying.] [OF. joir, F. jouir. See Joy, n.] To rejoice; to be glad; to delight; to exult.
I will joy in the God of my salvation. Hab. iii. 18.
In whose sight all things joy. Milton.

Joy

Joy, v. t.

1. To give joy to; to congratulate. [Obs.] "Joy us of our conquest." Dryden.

To joy the friend, or grapple with the foe. Prior.

2. To gladden; to make joyful; to exhilarate. [Obs.]

Neither pleasure's art can joy my spirits. Shak.

3. To enjoy. [Obs.] See Enjoy.

Who might have lived and joyed immortal bliss. Milton.

Joyace

Joy"ace (?), n. [OF. joiance.] Enjoyment; gayety; festivity; joyfulness. Spenser.
Some days of joyance are decreed to all. Byron.
From what hid fountains doth thy joyance flow? Trench.

Joyancy

Joy"an*cy (?), n. Joyance. [R.] Carlyle.

Joyful

Joy"ful (?), a. Full of joy; having or causing joy; very glad; as, a joyful heart. "Joyful tidings." Shak.
My soul shall be joyful in my God. Is. lxi. 10.
Sad for their loss, but joyful of our life. Pope.
-- Joy"ful*ly, adv. -- Joy"ful*ness, n.

Joyless

Joy"less, a. Not having joy; not causing joy; unenjoyable. -- Joy"less*ly, adv. -- Joy"less*ness, n.
With downcast eyes the joyless victor sat. Dryden.
Youth and health and war are joyless to him. Addison.
[He] pining for the lass, Is joyless of the grove, and spurns the growing grass. Dryden.

Joyous

Joy"ous (?), a. [OE. joyous, joious, joios, F. joyeux.See Joy.] Glad; gay; merry; joyful; also, affording or inspiring joy; with of before the word or words expressing the cause of joy.
Is this your joyous city? Is. xxiii. 7.
They all as glad as birds of joyous prime. Spenser.
And joyous of our conquest early won. Dryden.
Syn. -- Merry; lively; blithe; gleeful; gay; glad; mirthful; sportive; festive; joyful; happy; blissful; charming; delightful. -- Joy"ous*ly, adv. -- Joy"ous*ness, n.

Joysome

Joy"some (, a. Causing joyfulness. [R.]
This all joysome grove. T. Browne.

Jub

Jub (?), n. [Perh. corrupted fr. jug.] A vessel for holding ale or wine; a jug. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Juba

Ju"ba (?), n.; pl. Jub\'91 (-b&emac;). [L., a mane.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) The mane of an animal.

2. (Bot.) A loose panicle, the axis of which falls to pieces, as in certain grasses.

Jubate

Ju"bate (?), a. [L. jubatus having a mane.] (Zo\'94l.) Fringed with long, pendent hair.

Jub\'82

Ju`b\'82" (?), n. [F.] (Arch.) (a) chancel screen or rood screen. (b) gallery above such a screen, from which certain parts of the service were formerly read. See Rood loft, under Rood.

Jubilant

Ju"bi*lant (?), a. [L. jubilans, -antis, p. pr. of jubilare to shout for joy: cf. F. jubila. See Jubilate.] Uttering songs of triumph; shouting with joy; triumphant; exulting. "The jubilant age." Coleridge.
While the bright pomp ascended jubilant. Milton.

Jubilantly

Ju"bi*lant*ly, adv. In a jubilant manner.

Jubilar

Ju"bi*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. jubilaire.] Pertaining to, or having the character of, a jubilee. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Jubilate

Ju`bi*la"te (?), n. [L., imperat. of jubilare to shout for joy.]

1. The third Sunday after Easter; -- so called because the introit is the 66th Psalm, which, in the Latin version, begins with the words, "Jubilate Deo."

2. A name of the 100th Psalm; -- so called from its opening word in the Latin version.

Jubilate

Ju"bi*late (?), v. i. [L. jubilatus, p. p. of jubilare.] To exult; to rejoice. [R.] De Quincey.

Jubilation

Ju`bi*la"tion (?), n. [L. jubilatio: cf. F. jubilation.] A triumphant shouting; rejoicing; exultation. "Jubilations and hallelujahs." South.

Jubilee

Ju"bi*lee (?), n. [F. jubil\'82, L. jubilaeus, Gr. y the blast of a trumpet, also the grand sabbatical year, which was announced by sound of trumpet.]

1. (Jewish Hist.) Every fiftieth year, being the year following the completion of each seventh sabbath of years, at which time all the slaves of Hebrew blood were liberated, and all lands which had been alienated during the whole period reverted to their former owners. [In this sense spelled also, in some English Bibles, jubile.] Lev. xxv. 8-17.

2. The joyful commemoration held on the fiftieth anniversary of any event; as, the jubilee of Queen Victoria's reign; the jubilee of the American Board of Missions.

3. (R. C. Ch.) A church solemnity or ceremony celebrated at Rome, at stated intervals, originally of one hundred years, but latterly of twenty-five; a plenary and extraordinary indulgence grated by the sovereign pontiff to the universal church. One invariable condition of granting this indulgence is the confession of sins and receiving of the eucharist.

4. A season of general joy.

The town was all a jubilee of feasts. Dryden.

5. A state of joy or exultation. [R.] "In the jubilee of his spirits." Sir W. Scott.

Jucundity

Ju*cun"di*ty (?), n. [L. jucunditas, from jucundus.] Pleasantness; agreeableness. See Jocundity. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Judahite

Ju"dah*ite (?), n. One of the tribe of Judah; a member of the kingdom of Judah; a Jew. Kitto.

Judaic, Judaical

Ju*da"ic (?), Ju*da"ic*al (?), a. [L. Juda\'8bcus, fr. Judaea, the country Judea: cf. F. Juda\'8bque. See Jew.] Of or pertaining to the Jews. "The natural or Judaical [religion]." South.

Judaically

Ju*da"ic*al*ly, adv. After the Jewish manner. Milton.

Judaism

Ju"da*ism (?), n. [L. Juda\'8bsmus: cf. F. juda\'8bsme.]

1. The religious doctrines and rites of the Jews as enjoined in the laws of Moses. J. S. Mill.

2. Conformity to the Jewish rites and ceremonies.

Judaist

Ju"da*ist, n. One who believes and practices Judaism.

Judaistic

Ju`da*is"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Judaism.

Judaization

Ju`da*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of Judaizing; a conforming to the Jewish religion or ritual. [R.]

Judaize

Ju"da*ize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Judaized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Judaizing (?).] [Cf. F. juda\'8bser.] To conform to the doctrines, observances, or methods of the Jews; to inculcate or impose Judaism.
They . . . prevailed on the Galatians to Judaize so far as to observe the rites of Moses in various instances. They were Judaizing doctors, who taught the observation of the Mosaic law. Bp. Bull.

Judaize

Ju"da*ize, v. t. To impose Jewish observances or rites upon; to convert to Judaism.
The heretical Theodotion, the Judaized Symmachus. Milton.

Judaizer

Ju"da*i`zer (?), n. One who conforms to or inculcates Judaism; specifically, pl. (Ch. Hist.), those Jews who accepted Christianity but still adhered to the law of Moses and worshiped in the temple at Jerusalem.

Judas

Ju"das (?), n. The disciple who betrayed Christ. Hence: A treacherous person; one who betrays under the semblance of friendship. -- a. Treacherous; betraying. Judas hole, a peephole or secret opening for spying. -- Judas kiss, a deceitful and treacherous kiss. -- Judas tree (Bot.), a leguminous tree of the genus Cercis, with pretty, rose-colored flowers in clusters along the branches. Judas is said to have hanged himself on a tree of this genus (C. Siliquastrum). C. Canadensis and C. occidentalis are the American species, and are called also redbud.

Judas-colored

Ju"das-col`ored (?), a. Red; -- from a tradition that Judas Iscariot had red hair and beard.
There's treachery in that Judas-colored beard. Dryden.

Juddock

Jud"dock (?), n. [For judcock; jud (equiv. to Prov. E. gid a jacksnipe, W. giach snipe) + cock.] (Zo\'94l.) See Jacksnipe.
Page 804

Judean

Ju*de"an (?), a. [L. Judaeus. See Jew.] Of or pertaining to Judea. -- n. A native of Judea; a Jew.

Judge

Judge (?), n. [OE. juge, OF. & F. juge, fr. OF. jugier, F. juger, to judge. See Judge, v. i.]

1. (Law) A public officer who is invested with authority to hear and determine litigated causes, and to administer justice between parties in courts held for that purpose.

The parts of a judge in hearing are four: to direct the evidence; to moderate length, repetition, or impertinency of speech; to recapitulate, select, and collate the material points of that which hath been said; and to give the rule or sentence. Bacon.

2. One who has skill, knowledge, or experience, sufficient to decide on the merits of a question, or on the quality or value of anything; one who discerns properties or relations with skill and readiness; a connoisseur; an expert; a critic.

A man who is no judge of law may be a good judge of poetry, or eloquence, or of the merits of a painting. Dryden.

3. A person appointed to decide in aas, a judge in a horse race.

4. (Jewish Hist.) One of supreme magistrates, with both civil and military powers, who governed Israel for more than four hundred years.

5. pl. The title of the seventh book of the Old Testament; the Book of Judges. Judge Advocate (Mil. & Nav.), a person appointed to act as prosecutor at a court-martial; he acts as the representative of the government, as the responsible adviser of the court, and also, to a certain extent, as counsel for the accused, when he has no other counsel. -- Judge-Advocate General, in the United States, the title of two officers, one attached to the War Department and having the rank of brigadier general, the other attached to the Navy Department and having the rank of colonel of marines or captain in the navy. The first is chief of the Bureau of Military Justice of the army, the other performs a similar duty for the navy. In England, the designation of a member of the ministry who is the legal adviser of the secretary of state for war, and supreme judge of the proceedings of courts-martial. Syn. -- Judge, Umpire, Arbitrator, Referee. A judge, in the legal sense, is a magistrate appointed to determine questions of law. An umpire is a person selected to decide between two or more who contend for a prize. An arbitrator is one chosen to allot to two contestants their portion of a claim, usually on grounds of equity and common sense. A referee is one to whom a case is referred for final adjustment. Arbitrations and references are sometimes voluntary, sometimes appointed by a court.

Judge

Judge, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Judged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Judging.] [OE. jugen, OF. jugier, F. juger, L. judicare, fr. judex judge; jus law or right + dicare to proclaim, pronounce, akin to dicere to say. See Just, a., and Diction, and cf. Judicial.]

1. To hear and determine, as in causes on trial; to decide as a judge; to give judgment; to pass sentence.

The Lord judge between thee and me. Gen. xvi. 5.
Father, who art judge Of all things made, and judgest only right! Milton.

2. To assume the right to pass judgment on another; to sit in judgment or commendation; to criticise or pass adverse judgment upon others. See Judge, v. t., 3.

Forbear to judge, for we are sinners all. Shak.

3. To compare facts or ideas, and perceive their relations and attributes, and thus distinguish truth from falsehood; to determine; to discern; to distinguish; to form an opinion about.

Judge not according to the appearance. John vii. 24.
She is wise if I can judge of her. Shak.

Judge

Judge, v. t.

1. To hear and determine by authority, as a case before a court, or a controversy between two parties. "Chaos [shall] judge the strife." Milton.

2. To examine and pass sentence on; to try; to doom.

God shall judge the righteous and the wicked. Eccl. iii. 7.
To bring my whole cause 'fore his holiness, And to be judged by him. Shak.

3. To arrogate judicial authority over; to sit in judgment upon; to be censorious toward.

Judge not, that ye be not judged. Matt. vii. 1.

4. To determine upon or deliberation; to esteem; to think; to reckon.

If ye have judged me to be faithful to the Lord. Acts xvi. 15.

5. To exercise the functions of a magistrate over; to govern. [Obs.]

Make us a king to judge us. 1 Sam. viii. 5.

Judger

Judg"er (?), n. One who judges. Sir K. Digby.

Judgeship

Judge"ship (?), n. The office of a judge.

Judgment

Judg"ment (?), n. [OE. jugement, F. jugement, LL. judicamentum, fr. L. judicare. See Judge, v. i.]

1. The act of judging; the operation of the mind, involving comparison and discrimination, by which a knowledge of the values and relations of thins, whether of moral qualities, intellectual concepts, logical propositions, or material facts, is obtained; as, by careful judgment he avoided the peril; by a series of wrong judgments he forfeited confidence.

I oughte deme, of skilful jugement, That in the salte sea my wife is deed. Chaucer.

2. The power or faculty of performing such operations (see 1); esp., when unqualified, the faculty of judging or deciding rightly, justly, or wisely; good sense; as, a man of judgment; a politician without judgment.

He shall judge thy people with righteousness and thy poor with judgment. Ps. lxxii. 2.
Hernia. I would my father look'd but with my eyes. Theseus. Rather your eyes must with his judgment look. Shak.

3. The conclusion or result of judging; an opinion; a decision.

She in my judgment was as fair as you. Shak.
Who first his judgment asked, and then a place. Pope.

4. The act of determining, as in courts of law, what is conformable to law and justice; also, the determination, decision, or sentence of a court, or of a judge; the mandate or sentence of God as the judge of all.

In judgments between rich and poor, consider not what the poor man needs, but what is his own. Jer. Taylor.
Most heartily I do beseech the court To give the judgment. Shak.

5. (Philos.) (a) That act of the mind by which two notions or ideas which are apprehended as distinct are compared for the purpose of ascertaining their agreement or disagreement. See 1. The comparison may be threefold: (1) Of individual objects forming a concept. (2) Of concepts giving what is technically called a judgment. (3) Of two judgments giving an inference. Judgments have been further classed as analytic, synthetic, and identical. (b) That power or faculty by which knowledge dependent upon comparison and discrimination is acquired. See 2.

A judgment is the mental act by which one thing is affirmed or denied of another. Sir W. Hamilton.
The power by which we are enabled to perceive what is true or false, probable or improbable, is called by logicians the faculty of judgment. Stewart.

6. A calamity regarded as sent by God, by way of recompense for wrong committed; a providential punishment. "Judgments are prepared for scorners." Prov. xix. 29. "This judgment of the heavens that makes us tremble." Shak.

7. (Theol.) The final award; the last sentence. &hand; Judgment, abridgment, acknowledgment, and lodgment are in England sometimes written, judgement, abridgement, acknowledgement, and lodgement. &hand; Judgment is used adjectively in many self-explaining combinations; as, judgment hour; judgment throne. Judgment day (Theol.), the last day, or period when final judgment will be pronounced on the subjects of God's moral government. -- Judgment debt (Law), a debt secured to the creditor by a judge's order. -- Judgment hall, a hall where courts are held. -- Judgment seat, the seat or bench on which judges sit in court; hence, a court; a tribunal. "We shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ." Rom. xiv. 10. -- Judgment summons (Law), a proceeding by a judgment creditor against a judgment debtor upon an unsatisfied judgment. Arrest of judgment. (Law) See under Arrest, n. -- Judgment of God, a term formerly applied to extraordinary trials of secret crimes, as by arms and single combat, by ordeal, etc.; it being imagined that God would work miracles to vindicate innocence. See under Ordeal. Syn. -- Discernment; decision; determination; award; estimate; criticism; taste; discrimination; penetration; sagacity; intelligence; understanding. See Taste.

Judicable

Ju"di*ca*ble (?), a. [L. judicabilis. See Judge, v. i.] Capable of being judged; capable of being tried or decided upon. Jer. Taylor.

Judicative

Ju"di*ca*tive (?), a. Having power to judge; judicial; as, the judicative faculty. Hammond.

Judicatory

Ju"di*ca*to*ry (?), a. [L. judicatorius.] Pertaining to the administration of justice; dispensing justice; judicial; as, judicatory tribunals. T. Wharton.
Power to reject in an authoritative or judicatory way. Bp. Hall.

Judicatory

Ju"di*ca*to*ry (277), n. [L. judicatorium.]

1. A court of justice; a tribunal. Milton.

2. Administration of justice.

The supreme court of judicatory. Clarendon.

Judicature

Ju"di*ca*ture (?; 135), n. [F., fr. LL. judicatura.]

1. The state or profession of those employed in the administration of justice; also, the dispensing or administration of justice.

The honor of the judges in their judicature is the king's honor. Bacon.

2. A court of justice; a judicatory. South.

3. The right of judicial action; jurisdiction; extent jurisdiction of a judge or court.

Our Savior disputes not here the judicature, for that was not his office, but the morality, of divorce. Milton.

Judicial

Ju*di"cial (?), a. [L. judicialis, fr. judicium judgment, fr. judex judge: cf. OF. judicial. See Judge.]

1. Pertaining or appropriate to courts of justice, or to a judge; practiced or conformed to in the administration of justice; sanctioned or ordered by a court; as, judicial power; judicial proceedings; a judicial sale. "Judicial massacres." Macaulay.

Not a moral but a judicial law, and so was abrogated. Milton.

2. Fitted or apt for judging or deciding; as, a judicial mind.

3. Belonging to the judiciary, as distinguished from legislative, administrative, or executive. See Executive.

4. Judicious. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Judicially

Ju*di"cial*ly, adv. In a judicial capacity or judicial manner. "The Lords . . . sitting judicially." Macaulay.

Judiciary

Ju*di"cia*ry (?; 277), a. [L. judiciarius, fr. judicium judgment: cf. F. judiciare. See Judicial.] Of or pertaining to courts of judicature, or legal tribunals; judicial; as, a judiciary proceeding. Bp. Burnet.

Judiciary

Ju*di"cia*ry, n. [Cf. LL. judiciaria, F. judiciaire.] That branch of government in which judicial power is vested; the system of courts of justice in a country; the judges, taken collectively; as, an independent judiciary; the senate committee on the judiciary.

Judicious

Ju*di"cious (?), a. [F. judicieux, fr. L. judicium judgment. See Judicial.] Of or relating to a court; judicial. [Obs.]
His last offenses to us Shall have judicious hearing. Shak.

2. Directed or governed by sound judgment; having sound judgment; wise; prudent; sagacious; discreet.

He is noble, wise, judicious, and best knows The fits o' the season. Shak.
Syn. -- Prudent; discreet; rational; wise; skillful; discerning; sagacious; well-advised.

Judiciously

Ju*di"cious*ly, adv. In a judicious manner; with good judgment; wisely.

Judiciousness

Ju*di"cious*ness, n. The quality or state of being judicious; sagacity; s

Jug

Jug (?), n. [Prob. fr. Jug, a corruption of, or nickname for, Joanna; cf. 2d Jack, and Jill. See Johannes.]

1. A vessel, usually of coarse earthenware, with a swelling belly and narrow mouth, and having a handle on one side.

2. A pitcher; a ewer. [Eng.]

3. A prison; a jail; a lockup. [Slang] Gay.

Jug

Jug (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jugged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jugging (?).]

1. To seethe or stew, as in a jug or jar placed in boiling water; as, to jug a hare.

2. To commit to jail; to imprison. [Slang]

Jug

Jug, v. i. (Zo\'94l.)

1. To utter a sound resembling this word, as certain birds do, especially the nightingale.

2. To nestle or collect together in a covey; -- said of quails and partridges.

Jugal

Ju"gal (?), a. [L. jugalis, fr. jugum yoke.]

1. Relating to a yoke, or to marriage. [Obs.]

2. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or in the region of, the malar, or cheek bone.

Jugata

Ju*ga"ta (?), n. pl. [Neut. pl. of L. jugatus, p. p. of jugare to join.] (Numis.) The figures of two heads on a medal or coin, either side by side or joined.

Jugated

Ju"ga*ted (?), a. (Bot.) Coupled together.

Juge

Juge (?), n. A judge. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jugement

Jug"e*ment (?), n. Judgment. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Juger

Ju"ger (?), n. [L. jugerum.] A Roman measure of land, measuring 28,800 square feet, or 240 feet in length by 120 in breadth.

Jugger

Jug"ger (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An East Indian falcon. See Lugger.

Juggernaut

Jug"ger*naut` (?), n. [Skr. jagann\'betha lord of the world.] One of the names under which Vishnu, in his incarnation as Krishna, is worshiped by the Hindoos. [Written also Juggernnath, Jaganath, Jaganatha, etc.] &hand; The principal seat of the worship of Juggernaut is at P\'96ri in Orissa. At certain times the idol is drawn from the temple by the multitude, on a high car with sixteen wheels. Formerly, fanatics sometimes threw themselves under the wheels to be crushed as a sacrifice to the god.

Juggle

Jug"gle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Juggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Juggling (?).] [OE. juglen; cf. OF. jogler, jugler, F. jongler. See Juggler.]

1. To play tricks by sleight of hand; to cause amusement and sport by tricks of skill; to conjure.

2. To practice artifice or imposture.

Be these juggling fiends no more believed. Shak.

Juggle

Jug"gle, v. t. To deceive by trick or artifice.
Is't possible the spells of France should juggle Men into such strange mysteries? Shak.

Juggle

Jug"gle, n.

1. A trick by sleight of hand.

2. An imposture; a deception. Tennyson.

A juggle of state to cozen the people. Tillotson.

3. A block of timber cut to a length, either in the round or split. Knight.

Juggler

Jug"gler (?), n. [OE. jogelour, juglur, OF. jogleor, jugleor, jongleor, F. jongleur, fr. L. joculator a jester, joker, fr. joculus a little jest or joke, dim. of jocus jest, joke. See Joke, and cf. Jongleur, Joculator.]

1. One who practices or exhibits tricks by sleight of hand; one skilled in legerdemain; a conjurer.

As nimble jugglers that deceive the eye. Shak.
Jugglers and impostors do daily delude them. Sir T. Browne.

2. A deceiver; a cheat. Shak.

Juggleress

Jug"gler*ess, n.

1. A female juggler. T. Warton.

Jugglery

Jug"gler*y (?), n. [OE. & OF. joglerie, F. jonglerie.]

1. The art or act of a juggler; sleight of hand.

2. Trickery; imposture; as, political jugglery.

Juggling

Jug"gling (?), a. Cheating; tricky. -- Jug"gling*ly, adv.

Juggling

Jug"gling, n. Jugglery; underhand practice.

Juggs

Juggs (?), n. pl. See Jougs. [Scot.]

Juglandin

Jug"lan*din (?), n. [L. juglans, -andis, a walnut: cf. F. juglandine.] (Chem.) An extractive matter contained in the juice of the green shucks of the walnut (Juglans regia). It is used medicinally as an alterative, and also as a black hair dye.

Juglandine

Jug"lan*dine (?), n. An alkaloid found in the leaves of the walnut (Juglans regia).

Juglans

Jug"lans (?), n. [L., walnut.] (Bot.) A genus of valuable trees, including the true walnut of Europe, and the America black walnut, and butternut.

Juglone

Ju"glone (?), n. [L. juglans the walnut + -one.] (Chem.) A yellow crystalline substance resembling quinone, extracted from green shucks of the walnut (Juglans regia); -- called also nucin. <-- (MI11) C10H6O3. 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione -->

Jugular

Ju"gu*lar (?), a. [L. jugulum the collar bone, which joins together the shoulders and the breast, the throat, akin to jungere to yoke, to join: cf. F. jugulaire. See Join.]

1. (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to the throat or neck; as, the jugular vein. (b) Of or pertaining to the jugular vein; as, the jugular foramen.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the ventral fins beneath the throat; -- said of certain fishes.

Jugular

Ju"gu*lar, n. [Cf. F. jugulaire. See Jugular, a.]

1. (Anat.) One of the large veins which return the blood from the head to the heart through two chief trunks, an external and an internal, on each side of the neck; -- called also the jugular vein.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any fish which has the ventral fins situated forward of the pectoral fins, or beneath the throat; one of a division of fishes (Jugulares).

Jugulate

Ju"gu*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jugulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jugulating (?).] [L. jugulatus, p. p. of jugulare, fr. jugulatum. See Jugular.] To cut the throat of. [R.] Jacob Bigelow.

Jugulum

Ju"gu*lum (?), n.; pl. Jugula (#). [L.] (Zo\'94l.) The lower throat, or that part of the neck just above the breast.

Jugum

Ju"gum (?), n.; pl. L. Juga (#), E. Jugums (#). [L., a yoke, ridge.] (Bot.) (a) One of the ridges commonly found on the fruit of umbelliferous plants. (b) A pair of the opposite leaflets of a pinnate plant.
Page 805

Juice

Juice (?), n. [OE. juse, F.jus broth, gravy, juice, L. jus; akin to Skr. y.] The characteristic fluid of any vegetable or animal substance; the sap or part which can be expressed from fruit, etc.; the fluid part which separates from meat in cooking.
An animal whose juices are unsound. Arbuthnot.
The juice of July flowers. B. Jonson.
The juice of Egypt's grape. Shak.
Letters which Edward Digby wrote in lemon juice. Macaulay.
Cold water draws the juice of meat. Mrs. Whitney.

Juice

Juice (?), v. t. To moisten; to wet. [Obs.] Fuller.

Juiceless

Juice"less, a. Lacking juice; dry. Dr. H. More.

Juiciness

Jui"ci*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being juicy; succulence plants.

Juicy

Jui"cy (?), a. [Compar. Juicier; superl. Juiciest.] A bounding with juice; succulent. Bacon.

Juise

Ju*ise" (?), n. [OF. juise. L. judicium. See Judicial.] Judgment; justice; sentence. [Obs.]
Up [on] pain of hanging and high juise. Chaucer.

Jujube

Ju"jube (?), n. [F., fr. L. zizyphum, Gr. z\'c6zf, zizaf, zayzaf.] The sweet and edible drupes (fruits) of several Mediterranean and African species small trees, of the genus Zizyphus, especially the Z. jujuba, Z. vulgaris, Z. mucronata, and Z. Lotus. The last named is thought to have furnished the lotus of the ancient Libyan Lotophagi, or lotus eaters. Jujube paste, the dried or inspissated jelly of the jujube; also, a confection made of gum arabic sweetened.

Juke

Juke (?), v. i. [from Scottish jouk to bow.] To bend the neck; to bow or duck the head. [Written also jook and jouk.]
The money merchant was so proud of his trust that he went juking and tossing of his head. L' Estrange.

Juke

Juke, n. The neck of a bird. [Prov. Eng.]

Juke

Juke, v. i. [F. juc a roost, perch, jucher to roost, to perch.] To perch on anything, as birds do. [Obs.]

Julaceous

Ju*la"ceous (?), a. [See Julus.] (Bot.) Like an ament, or bearing aments; amentaceous.

Julep

Ju"lep (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. julepe, fr. Ar. & Per. jul\'beb, jull\'beb, fr. Per. gul\'beb rose water and julep; gul rose + \'beb water.]

1. A refreshing drink flavored with aromatic herbs; esp. (Med.), a sweet, demulcent, acidulous, or mucilaginous mixture, used as a vehicle. Milton.

Honey in woods, juleps in brooks. H. Vaughan.

2. A beverage composed of brandy, whisky, or some other spirituous liquor, with sugar, pounded ice, and sprigs of mint; -- called also mint julep. [U.S.]

Julian

Jul"ian (?; 277) a. [L. Julianus, fr. Julius. Cf. July, Gillian.] Relating to, or derived from, Julius C\'91sar. Julian calendar, the calendar as adjusted by Julius C\'91sar, in which the year was made to consist of 365 days, each fourth year having 366 days. -- Julian epoch, the epoch of the commencement of the Julian calendar, or 46 b. c. -- Julian period, a chronological period of 7,980 years, combining the solar, lunar, and indiction cycles (28 x 19 x 15 = 7,980), being reckoned from the year 4713 B. C., when the first years of these several cycles would coincide, so that if any year of the period be divided by 28, 19, or 15, the remainder will be the year of the corresponding cycle. The Julian period was proposed by Scaliger, to remove or avoid ambiguities in chronological dates, and was so named because composed of Julian years. -- Julian year, the year of 365 days, 6 hours, adopted in the Julian calendar, and in use until superseded by the Gregorian year, as established in the reformed or Gregorian calendar.

Julienne

Ju`li*enne" (?), n. [F.] A kind of soup containing thin slices or shreds of carrots, onions, etc.

Juliform

Ju"li*form (?), a. [Julus + -form.] (Bot.) Having the shape or appearance of a julus or catkin.

Julus

Ju"lus (?), n.; pl.Juli (#). [Of the same origin as iulus.] (Bot.) A catkin or ament. See Ament.

July

Ju*ly" (?), n.; pl. Julies (#). [L.Julius; -- named from Caius Julius C\'91sar, who was born in this month: cf. F. Juillet.] The seventh month of the year, containing thirty-one days. &hand; This month was called Quintilis, or the fifth month, according to the old Roman calendar, in which March was the first month of the year.

July-flower

Ju*ly"-flow`er (?), n. See Gillyflower.

Jumart

Ju"mart (?), n. [F.] The fabled offspring of a bull and a mare. Locke.

Jumble

Jum"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Jumbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jumbling (?).] [Prob. fr. jump, i. e., to make to jump, or shake.] To mix in a confused mass; to put or throw together without order; -- often followed by together or up.
Why dost thou blend and jumble such inconsistencies together? Burton.
Every clime and age Jumbled together. Tennyson.

Jumble

Jum"ble, v. i. To meet or unite in a confused way; to mix confusedly. Swift.

Jumble

Jum"ble, n.

1. A confused mixture; a mass or collection without order; as, a jumble of words.

2. A small, thin, sugared cake, usually ring-shaped.

Jumblement

Jum"ble*ment (?), n. Confused mixture. [Low]

Jumbler

Jum"bler (?), n. One who confuses things.

Jumblingly

Jum"bling*ly (?), adv. In a confused manner.

Jument

Ju"ment (?), n. [L. jumentum a beast of burden: cf. F. jument a mare, OF., a beast of burden.] A beast; especially, a beast of burden. [Obs.]
Fitter for juments than men to feed on. Burton.

Jump

Jump (?), n. [Cf. F. jupe a long petticoat, a skirt. Cf. Juppon.] (a) A kind of loose jacket for men. (b) pl. A bodice worn instead of stays by women in the 18th century.

Jump

Jump, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jumped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jumping.] [Akin to OD. gumpen, dial. G. gumpen, jumpen.]

1. To spring free from the ground by the muscular action of the feet and legs; to project one's self through the air; to spring; to bound; to leap.

Not the worst of the three but jumps twelve foot and a half by the square. Shak.

2. To move as if by jumping; to bounce; to jolt. "The jumping chariots." Nahum iii. 2.

A flock of geese jump down together. Dryden.

3. To coincide; to agree; to accord; to tally; -- followed by with. "It jumps with my humor." Shak. To jump at, to spring to; hence, fig., to accept suddenly or eagerly; as, a fish jumps at a bait; to jump at a chance.

Jump

Jump (?), v. t.

1. To pass by a spring or leap; to overleap; as, to jump a stream.

2. To cause to jump; as, he jumped his horse across the ditch.

3. To expose to danger; to risk; to hazard. [Obs.]

To jump a body with a dangerous physic. Shak.

4. (Smithwork) (a) To join by a butt weld. (b) To thicken or enlarge by endwise blows; to upset.

5. (Quarrying) To bore with a jumper. To jump a claim, to enter upon and take possession of land to which another has acquired a claim by prior entry and occupation. [Western U. S. & Australia] See Claim, n., 3. -- To jump one's bail, to abscond while at liberty under bail bonds. [Slang, U. S.]

Jump

Jump, n.

1. The act of jumping; a leap; a spring; a bound. "To advance by jumps." Locke.

2. An effort; an attempt; a venture. [Obs.]

Our fortune lies Upon thisjump. Shak.

3. The space traversed by a leap.

4. (Mining) A dislocation in a stratum; a fault.

5. (Arch.) An abrupt interruption of level in a piece of brickwork or masonry. From the jump, from the start or beginning. [Colloq.] -- Jump joint. (a) A butt joint. (b) A flush joint, as of plank in carvel-built vessels. -- Jump seat. (a) A movable carriage seat. (b) A carriage constructed with a seat which may be shifted so as to make room for second or extra seat. Also used adjectively; as, a jump-seat wagon.

Jump

Jump, a. Nice; exact; matched; fitting; precise. [Obs.] "Jump names." B. Jonson.

Jump

Jump, adv. Exactly; pat.[Obs.] Shak.

Jumper

Jump"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, jumps.

2. A long drilling tool used by masons and quarrymen.

3. A rude kind of sleigh; -- usually, a simple box on runners which are in one piece with the poles that form the thills. [U.S.] J. F. Cooper.

4. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of the cheese fly. See Cheese fly, under Cheese.

5. (Eccl.) A name applied in the 18th century to certain Calvinistic Methodists in Wales whose worship was characterized by violent convulsions.

6. (Horology) spring to impel the star wheel, also a pawl to lock fast a wheel, in a repeating timepiece. Baby jumper. See in the Vocabulary. -- Bounty jumper. See under Bounty.

Jumper

Jump"er, n. [See 1st Jump.] A loose upper garment; as: (a) A sort of blouse worn by workmen over their ordinary dress to protect it. (b) A fur garment worn in Arctic journeys.

Jumping

Jump"ing, p. a. & vb. n. of Jump, to leap. Jumping bean, a seed of a Mexican Euphorbia, containing the larva of a moth (Carpocapsa saltitans). The larva by its sudden movements causes the seed to roll to roll and jump about. -- Jumping deer (Zo\'94l.), a South African rodent (Pedetes Caffer), allied to the jerboa. -- Jumping jack, a toy figure of a man, jointed and made to jump or dance by means of strings. -- Jumping louse (Zo\'94l.), any of the numerous species of plant lice belonging to the family Psyllid\'91, several of which are injurious to fruit trees. -- Jumping mouse (Zo\'94l.), North American mouse (Zapus Hudsonius), having a long tail and large hind legs. It is noted for its jumping powers. Called also kangaroo mouse. -- Jumping mullet (Zo\'94l.), gray mullet. -- Jumping shrew (Zo\'94l.), any African insectivore of the genus Macroscelides. They are allied to the shrews, but have large hind legs adapted for jumping. -- Jumping spider (Zo\'94l.), spider of the genus Salticus and other related genera; one of the Saltigrad\'91; -- so called because it leaps upon its prey.

Jumpweld

Jump"weld` (?), v. t. See Buttweld, v. t.

Juncaceous

Jun*ca"ceous (?), a. [See Juncate.] (Bot.) Of. pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants (Juncace\'91), of which the common rush (Juncus) is the type.

Juncate

Jun"cate (?), n. See Junket.[Obs.] Spenser.

Juncite

Jun"cite (?), n. [L. juncus a rush.] (Paleon.) A fossil rush.

Junco

Jun"co (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any bird of the genus Junco, which includes several species of North American finches; -- called also snowbird, or blue snowbird.

Juncous

Jun"cous (?), a. [L. juncosus, fr. juncus a rush.] Full of rushes: resembling rushes; juncaceous. [R.] Johnson.

Junction

Junc"tion (?), n. [L. junctio, fr. jungere, junctum, to join: cf. F. jonction. See Join.]

1. The act of joining, or the state of being joined; union; combination; coalition; as, the junction of two armies or detachments; the junction of paths.

2. The place or point of union, meeting, or junction; specifically, the place where two or more lines of railway meet or cross. Junction plate (Boilers), a covering or break-join plate riveted to and uniting the edges of sheets which make a butt joint. -- Junction rails (Railroads), the switch, or movable, rails, connecting one line of track with another.

Juncture

Junc"ture (?), n. [L.junctura, fr. jungere to join. See Jointure.]

1. A joining; a union; an alliance. [Obs.] "Devotional compliance and juncture of hearts." Eikon Basilike.

2. The line or point at which two bodies are joined; a joint; an articulation; a seam; as, the junctures of a vessel or of the bones. Boyle.

3. A point of time; esp., one made critical or important by a concurrence of circumstances; hence, a crisis; an exigency. "Extraordinary junctures." Addison.

In such a juncture, what can the most plausible and refined philosophy offer? Berkeley.

June

June (?), n. [L. Junius: cf. F. Juin. So called either from Junius, the name of a Roman gens, or from Juno, the goddess.] The sixth month of the year, containing thirty days.
And what is so rare as a day in June? Then, if ever, come perfect days. Lowell.
June beetle, June bug (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large brown beetles of the genus Lachnosterna and related genera; -- so called because they begin to fly, in the northern United States, about the first of June. The larv\'91 of the June beetles live under ground, and feed upon the roots of grasses and other plants. Called also May bug or May beetle. -- June grass (Bot.), a New England name for Kentucky blue grass. See Blue glass, and Illustration in Appendix.

Juneating

June"a*ting (?), n. A kind of early apple. [Written also jenneting.]

Juneberry

June"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The small applelike berry of American trees of genus Amelanchier; -- also called service berry. (b) The shrub or tree which bears this fruit; -- also called shad bush, and had tree.

Jungermannia

Jun`ger*man"ni*a (?), n.; pl. Jungermanni\'91 (#). [NL. Named after Ludwig Jungermann, a German botanist.] (Bot.) A genus of hepatic mosses, now much circumscribed, but formerly comprising most plants of the order, which is sometimes therefore called Jungermanniace\'91.

Jungle

Jun"gle (?), n. [Hind. jangal desert, forest, jungle; Skr. ja desert.] A dense growth of brushwood, grasses, reeds, vines, etc.; an almost impenetrable thicket of trees, canes, and reedy vegetation, as in India, Africa, Australia, and Brazil. <-- (Fig.) 2. a place of danger or ruthless competition for survival. "It's a jungle out there" 3. anything which causes difficulty due to intricacy; as a jungle of environmental regulations. (MW10) -->
The jungles of India are of bamboos, canes, and other palms, very difficult to penetrate. Balfour (Cyc. of India).
Jungle bear (Zo\'94l.), the aswail or sloth bear. -- Jungle cat (Zo\'94l.), the chaus. -- Jungle cock (Zo\'94l.), the male of a jungle fowl. -- Jungle fowl. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any wild species of the genus Gallus, of which several species inhabit India and the adjacent islands; as, the fork-tailed jungle fowl (G. varius) of Java, G. Stanleyi of Ceylon, and G. Bankiva of India. The latter, which resembles the domestic gamecock, is supposed to be one of the original species from which the domestic fowl was derived. (b) An Australian grallatorial bird (Megapodius tumulus) which is allied to the brush turkey, and, like the latter, lays its eggs in mounds of vegetable matter, where they are hatched by the heat produced by decomposition.

Jungly

Jun"gly (?), a. Consisting of jungles; abounding with jungles; of the nature of a jungle.

Junior

Jun"ior (?), a. [L. contr. fr. juvenior, compar. of juvenis young. See Juvenile.]

1. Less advanced in age than another; younger. &hand; Junior is applied to distinguish the younger of two persons bearing the same name in the same family, and is opposed to senior or elder. Commonly applied to a son who has the same Christian name as his father.

2. Lower in standing or in rank; later in office; as, a junior partner; junior counsel; junior captain.

3. Composed of juniors, whether younger or a lower standing; as, the junior class; of or pertaining to juniors or to a junior class. See Junior, n., 2.

4. Belonging to a younger person, or an earlier time of life.

Our first studies and junior endeavors. Sir T. Browne.

Junior

Jun"ior, n.

1. A younger person.

His junior she, by thirty years. Byron.

2. Hence: One of a lower or later standing; specifically, in American colleges, one in the third year of his course, one in the fourth or final year being designated a senior; in some seminaries, one in the first year, in others, one in the second year, of a three years' course.

Juniority

Jun*ior"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being junior.

Juniper

Ju"ni*per (?), n. [L. juniperus, prop., youth-producing, and so called from its evergreen appearance, from the roots of E. juvenile, and parent. Cf. Gin the liquor.] (Bot.) Any evergreen shrub or tree, of the genus Juniperus and order Conifer\'91. &hand; The common juniper (J. communis) is a shrub of a low, spreading form, having awl-shaped, rigid leaves in whorls of threes, and bearing small purplish blue berries (or galbuli), of a warm, pungent taste, used as diuretic and in flavoring gin. A resin exudes from the bark, which has erroneously been considered identical with sandarach, and is used as pounce. The oil of juniper is acrid, and used for various purposes, as in medicine, for making varnish, etc. The wood of several species is of a reddish color, hard and durable, and is used in cabinetwork under the names of red cedar, Bermuda cedar, etc. Juniper worm (Zo\'94l.), the larva of a geometrid moth (Drepanodes varus). It feeds upon the leaves of the juniper, and mimics the small twigs both in form and color, in a remarkable manner.

Juniperin

Ju"ni*per*in (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow amorphous substance extracted from juniper berries.

Juniperite

Ju"ni*per*ite (?), n. (Paleon.) One of the fossil Conifer\'91, evidently allied to the juniper.
Page 806

Junk

Junk (?), n. A fragment of any solid substance; a thick piece. See Chunk. [Colloq.] Lowell.

Junk

Junk, n. [Pg. junco junk, rush, L. juncus a bulrush, of which ropes were made in early ages. Cf. Junket.]

1. Pieces of old cable or old cordage, used for making gaskets, mats, swabs, etc., and when picked to pieces, forming oakum for filling the seams of ships.

2. Old iron, or other metal, glass, paper, etc., bought and sold by junk dealers.

3. (Naut.) Hard salted beef supplied to ships. Junk bottle , a stout bottle made of thick dark-colored glass. -- Junk dealer, a dealer in old cordage, old metal, glass, etc. -- Junk hook (Whaling), a hook for hauling heavy pieces of blubber on deck. -- Junk ring. (a) A packing of soft material round the piston of a steam engine. (b) A metallic ring for retaining a piston packing in place; (c) A follower. -- Junk shop, a shop where old cordage, and ship's tackle, old iron, old bottles, old paper, etc., are kept for sale. -- Junk vat (Leather Manuf.), a large vat into which spent tan liquor or ooze is pumped. -- Junk wad (Mil.), a wad used in proving cannon; also used in firing hot shot.

Junk

Junk, n. [Pg. junco; cf. Jav. & Malay jong, ajong, Chin. chwan.] (Naut.) A large vessel, without keel or prominent stem, and with huge masts in one piece, used by the Chinese, Japanese, Siamese, Malays, etc., in navigating their waters.

Junker

Jun"ker (?), n. [G. Cf. Yonker.] A young German noble or squire; esp., a member of the aristocratic party in Prussia.

Junkerism

Jun"ker*ism (?), n. The principles of the aristocratic party in Prussia.

Junket

Jun"ket (?), n. [Formerly also juncate, fr. It. giuncata cream cheese, made in a wicker or rush basket, fr. L. juncus a rush. See 2d Junk, and cf. Juncate.]

1. A cheese cake; a sweetmeat; any delicate food.

How Faery Mab the junkets eat. Milton.
Victuals varied well in taste, And other junkets. Chapman.

2. A feast; an entertainment.

A new jaunt or junket every night. Thackeray.

Junket

Jun"ket, v. i. To feast; to banquet; to make an entertainment; -- sometimes applied opprobriously to feasting by public officers at the public cost.
Job's children junketed and feasted together often. South.

Junket

Jun"ket, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Junketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Junketing.] To give entertainment to; to feast.
The good woman took my lodgings over my head, and was in such a hurry to junket her neighbors. Walpole.

Junketing

Jun"ket*ing, n. A feast or entertainment; a revel.
All those snug junketings and public gormandizings for which the ancient magistrates were equally famous with their modern successors. W. Irving.
The apostle would have no reveling or junketing upon the altar. South.

Junketries

Jun"ket*ries (?), n. pl. Sweetmeats. [Obs.]

June

Ju"ne (?), n.; pl. Junos (#). [L.]

1. (Rom. Myth.) The sister and wife of Jupiter, the queen of heaven, and the goddess who presided over marriage. She corresponds to the Greek Hera.

Sweeter than the lids of Juno's eyes. Shak.

2. (Astron.) One of the early discovered asteroids. Bird of June, the peacock.

Junta

Jun"ta (?), n.; pl. Juntas (#). [Sp., fr. L. junctus joined, p. p. of jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Junto.] A council; a convention; a tribunal; an assembly; esp., the grand council of state in Spain.

Junto

Jun"to (?), n.; pl. Juntos (#). [Sp. junto united. See Junta.] A secret council to deliberate on affairs of government or politics; a number of men combined for party intrigue; a faction; a cabal; as, a junto of ministers; a junto of politicians.
The puzzling sons of party next appeared, In dark cabals and mighty juntos met. Thomson.

Junartie

Jun"ar*tie (?), n. Jeopardy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jupati palm

Ju`pa*ti" palm` (?). (Bot.) A great Brazilian palm tree (Raphia t\'91digera), used by the natives for many purposes.

Jupe

Jupe (?), n. Same as Jupon.

Jupiter

Ju"pi*ter (?), n. [L., fr. Jovis pater. See Jove.]

1. (Rom. Myth.) The supreme deity, king of gods and men, and reputed to be the son of Saturn and Rhea; Jove. He corresponds to the Greek Zeus.

2. (Astron.) One of the planets, being the brightest except Venus, and the largest of them all, its mean diameter being about 85,000 miles. It revolves about the sun in 4,332.6 days, at a mean distance of 5.2028 from the sun, the earth's mean distance being taken as unity. Jupiter's beard. (Bot.) (a) A South European herb, with cymes of small red blossoms (Centranthus ruber). (b) The houseleek (Sempervivum tectorum); -- so called from its massive inflorescence, like the sculptured beard of Jove. Prior. (c) the cloverlike Anthyllis Barba-Jovis. -- Jupiter's staff (Bot.), the common mullein; -- so called from its long, rigid spike of yellow blossoms.

Jupon, Juppon

Ju*pon" (?), Jup*pon" (?), n. [F. jupon, fr. jupe skirt, Sp. aljuba a Moorish garment, Ar. jubba.] [Written variously jupe, jump, juppo, etc.]

1. A sleeveless jacket worn over the armor in the 14th century. It fitted closely, and descended below the hips. Dryden.

2. A petticoat. Halliwell.

Jura

Ju"ra (?), n. [F. & L.] 1. A range of mountains between France and Switzerland.

2. (Geol.) The Jurassic period. See Jurassic.

Jural

Ju"ral (?), a. [L.jus, juris, right.]

1. Pertaining to natural or positive right. [R.]

By the adjective jural we shall denote that which has reference to the doctrine of rights and obligations; as by the adjective "moral" we denote that which has reference to the doctrine of duties. Whewell.

2. (Law) Of or pertaining to jurisprudence.

Juramentum

Ju`ra*men"tum (?), n.; pl. Juramenta (. [L.] (Roman & Old Eng. Law) An oath.

Jurassic

Ju*ras"sic (?), a. (Geol.) Of the age of the middle Mesozoic, including, as divided in England and Europe, the Lias, O\'94lite, and Wealden; -- named from certain rocks of the Jura mountains. -- n. The Jurassic period or formation; -- called also the Jura.

Jurat

Ju"rat (?), n. [Prov. F. jurat, fr. L. juratus sworn, p. p. of jurare to swear. See Jury, n.]

1. A person under oath; specifically, an officer of the nature of an alderman, in certain municipal corporations in England. Burrill.

2. (Law) The memorandum or certificate at the end of an asffidavit, or a bill or answer in chancery, showing when, before whom, and (in English practice), where, it was sworn or affirmed. Wharton. Bouvier.

Juratory

Ju"ra*to*ry (?), a. [L. juratorius, fr. jurare to swear: cf. F. juratoire.] Relating to or comprising an oath; as, juratory caution. Ayliffe.

Jura-trias

Ju`ra-tri"as (?), n. (Geol.) A term applied to many American Mesozoic strata, in which the characteristics of the Jurassic and Triassic periods appear to be blended. -- Ju`ra-tri*as"sic (#), a.

Jurdiccion

Jur*dic"ci*on (?), n. Jurisdiction. [Obs.]

Jurdon

Jur"don (?), n. Jordan. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Jurel

Ju"rel (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A yellow carangoid fish of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts (Caranx chrysos), most abundant southward, where it is valued as a food fish; -- called also hardtail, horse crevall\'82, jack, buffalo jack, skipjack, yellow mackerel, and sometimes, improperly, horse mackerel. Other species of Caranx (as C. fallax) are also sometimes called jurel.

Juridic, Juridical

Ju*rid"ic (?), Ju*rid"ic*al (?), a. [L. juridicus relating to the administration of justice; jus, juris, right, law + dicare to pronounce: cf. F. juridique. See Just, a., and Diction.] Pertaining to a judge or to jurisprudence; acting in the distribution of justice; used in courts of law; according to law; legal; as, juridical law. "This juridical sword." Milton.
The body corporate of the kingdom, in juridical construction, never dies. Burke.
Juridical days, days on which courts are open.

Juridically

Ju*rid*ic*al*ly, adv. In a juridical manner.

Jurisconsult

Ju`ris*con"sult (?), n. [L. jurisconsultus; jus, juris, right + consulere, consultum, to consult: cf. F. jurisconsulte.] (Law) A man learned in the civil law; an expert in juridical science; a professor of jurisprudence; a jurist.

Jurisdiction

Ju`ris*dic"tion (?), n. [L. jurisdictio; jus, juris, right, law + dictio a saying, speaking: cf. OF. jurisdiction, F. juridiction. See Just, a., and Diction.]

1. (Law) The legal power, right, or authority of a particular court to hear and determine causes, to try criminals, or to execute justice; judicial authority over a cause or class of causes; as, certain suits or actions, or the cognizance of certain crimes, are within the jurisdiction of a particular court, that is, within the limits of its authority or commission.

2. The authority of a sovereign power to govern or legislate; the right of making or enforcing laws; the power or right of exercising authority.

To live exempt From Heaven's high jurisdiction. Milton.
You wrought to be a legate; by which power You maim'd the jurisdiction of all bishops. Shak.

3. Sphere of authority; the limits within which any particular power may be exercised, or within which a government or a court has authority. &hand; Jurisdiction, in its most general sense, is the power to make, declare, or apply the law. When confined to the judiciary department, it is what we denominate the judicial power, the right of administering justice through the laws, by the means which the laws have provided for that purpose. Jurisdiction is limited to place or territory, to persons, or to particular subjects. Duponceau.

Jurisdictional

Ju`ris*dic"tion*al (?), a. [Cf. LL. jurisdictionalis, F. juridictionnel.] Of or pertaining to jurisdiction; as jurisdictional rights. Barrow.

Jurisdictive

Ju`ris*dic"tive (?), a. Having jurisdiction. Milton.

Jurisprudence

Ju`ris*pru"dence (?), n. [L. jurisprudentia; jus, juris, right, law + prudentia a foreseeing, knowledge of a matter, prudence: cf. F. jurisprudence. See Just, a., and Prudence.] The science of juridical law; the knowledge of the laws, customs, and rights of men in a state or community, necessary for the due administration of justice.
The talents of Abelard were not confined to theology, jurisprudence, philosophy. J. Warton.
Medical jurisprudence, that branch of juridical law which concerns questions of medicine.

Jurisprudent

Ju`ris*pru"dent (?), a.[See Jurisprudence.] Understanding law; skilled in jurisprudence. G. West.

Jurisprudent

Ju`ris*pru"dent, n. [Cf. F. jurisprudent.] One skilled in law or jurisprudence. [R.] De Quincey.

Jurisprudential

Ju`ris*pru*den"tial (?), a. Of or pertaining to jurisprudence. Stewart.

Jurist

Ju`rist (?), n. [F. juriste, LL. jurista, fr. L. jus, juris, right, law. See Just, a.] One who professes the science of law; one versed in the law, especially in the civil law; a writer on civil and international law.

Juristic, Juristical

Ju*ris"tic (?), Ju*ris"tic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a jurist, to the legal profession, or to jurisprudence. [R.] "Juristic ancestry." Lowell.

Juror

Ju"ror (?), n. [F. jureur one who takes oath, L. jurator a swearer, fr. jurare, jurari, to swear. See Jury, n.]

1. (Law) A member of a jury; a juryman.

I shall both find your lordship judge and juror. Shak.

2. A member of any jury for awarding prizes, etc.

Jury

Ju"ry (?), a. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Naut.) For temporary use; -- applied to a temporary contrivance. Jury mast, a temporary mast, in place of one that has been carried away, or broken. -- Jury rudder, a rudder constructed for temporary use.

Jury

Ju"ry (?), n.; pl. Juries (#). [OF. jur\'82e an assize, fr. jurer to swear, L. jurare, jurari; akin to jus, juris, right, law. See Just,a., and cf. Jurat, Abjure.]

1. (Law) A body of men, usually twelve, selected according to law, impaneled and sworn to inquire into and try any matter of fact, and to render their true verdict according to the evidence legally adduced. See Grand jury under Grand, and Inquest.

The jury, passing on the prisoner's life. Shak.

2. A committee for determining relative merit or awarding prizes at an exhibition or competition; as, the art jury gave him the first prize. Jury of inquest, a coroner's jury. See Inquest.

Juryman

Ju"ry*man (?), n.; pl. Jurymen (. One who is impaneled on a jury, or who serves as a juror.

Jury-rigged

Ju"ry-rigged` (?), a. (Naut.) Rigged for temporary service. See Jury, a.

Jussi

Jus"si (?), n. A delicate fiber, produced in the Philippine Islands from an unidentified plant, of which dresses, etc., are made.

Just

Just (?), a. [F. juste, L. justus, fr. jus right, law, justice; orig., that which is fitting; akin to Skr. yu to join. Cf. Injury, Judge, Jury, Giusto.]

1. Conforming or conformable to rectitude or justice; not doing wrong to any; violating no right or obligation; upright; righteous; honest; true; -- said both of persons and things. "O just but severe law!" Shak.

There is not a just man upon earth, that doeth good, and sinneth not. Eccl. vii. 20.
Just balances, just weights, . . . shall ye have. Lev. xix. 36.
How should man be just with God? Job ix. 2.
We know your grace to be a man. Just and upright. Shak.

2. Not transgressing the requirement of truth and propriety; conformed to the truth of things, to reason, or to a proper standard; exact; normal; reasonable; regular; due; as, a just statement; a just inference.

Just of thy word, in every thought sincere. Pope.
The prince is here at hand: pleaseth your lordship To meet his grace just distance 'tween our armies. Shak.
He was a comely personage, a little above just stature.q> Bacon.
Fire fitted with just materials casts a constant heat. Jer. Taylor.
When all The war shall stand ranged in its just array. Addison.
Their named alone would make a just volume. Burton.

3. Rendering or disposed to render to each one his due; equitable; fair; impartial; as, just judge.

Men are commonly so just to virtue and goodness as to praise it in others, even when they do not practice it themselves. Tillotson.
Just intonation. (Mus.) (a) The correct sounding of notes or intervals; true pitch. (b) The giving all chords and intervals in their purity or their exact mathematical ratio, or without temperament; a process in which the number of notes and intervals required in the various keys is much greater than the twelve to the octave used in systems of temperament. H. W. Poole. Syn. -- Equitable; upright; honest; true; fair; impartial; proper; exact; normal; orderly; regular.

Just

Just, adv.

1. Precisely; exactly; -- in place, time, or degree; neither more nor less than is stated.

And having just enough, not covet more. Dryden.
The god Pan guided my hand just to the heart of the beast. Sir P. Sidney.
To-night, at Herne's oak, just 'twixt twelve and one. Shak.

2. Closely; nearly; almost.

Just at the point of death. Sir W. Temple.

3. Barely; merely; scarcely; only; by a very small space or time; as, he just missed the train; just too late.

A soft Etesian gale But just inspired and gently swelled the sail. Dryden.
Just now, the least possible time since; a moment ago.

Just

Just, v. i. [See Joust.] To joust. Fairfax.

Just

Just, n. A joust. Dryden.

Justice

Jus"tice (?), n. [F., fr. L. justitia, fr. justus just. See Just, a.]

1. The quality of being just; conformity to the principles of righteousness and rectitude in all things; strict performance of moral obligations; practical conformity to human or divine law; integrity in the dealings of men with each other; rectitude; equity; uprightness.

Justice and judgment are the haditation of thy throne. Ps. ixxxix. 11.
The king-becoming graces, As justice, verity, temperance, stableness, . . . I have no relish of them. Shak.

2. Conformity to truth and reality in expressing opinions and in conduct; fair representation of facts respecting merit or demerit; honesty; fidelity; impartiality; as, the justice of a description or of a judgment; historical justice.

3. The rendering to every one his due or right; just treatment; requital of desert; merited reward or punishment; that which is due to one's conduct or motives.

This even-handed justice Commends the ingredients of our poisoned chalice To our own lips. Shak.

4. Agreeableness to right; equity; justness; as, the justice of a claim.


Page 807

5. A person duly commissioned to hold courts, or to try and decide controversies and administer justice. &hand; This title is given to the judges of the common law courts in England and in the United States, and extends to judicial officers and magistrates of every grade. Bed of justice. See under Bed. -- Chief justice. See in the Vocabulary. -- Justice of the peace (Law), a judicial officer or subordinate magistrate appointed for the conservation of the peace in a specified district, with other incidental powers specified in his commission. In the United States a justice of the peace has jurisdiction to adjudicate certain minor cases, commit offenders, etc. Syn. -- Equity; law; right; rectitude; honesty; integrity; uprightness; fairness; impartiality. -- Justice, Equity, Law. Justice and equity are the same; but human laws, though designed to secure justice, are of necessity imperfect, and hence what is strictly legal is at times far from being equitable or just. Here a court of equity comes in to redress the grievances. It does so, as distinguished from courts of law; and as the latter are often styled courts of justice, some have fancied that there is in this case a conflict between justice and equity. The real conflict is against the working of the law; this a court of equity brings into accordance with the claims of justice. It would be an unfortunate use of language which should lead any one to imagine he might have justice on his side while practicing iniquity (inequity). Justice, Rectitude. Rectitude, in its widest sense, is one of the most comprehensive words in our language, denoting absolute conformity to the rule of right in principle and practice. Justice refers more especially to the carrying out of law, and has been considered by moralists as of three kinds: (1) Commutative justice, which gives every man his own property, including things pledged by promise. (2) Distributive justice, which gives every man his exact deserts. (3) General justice, which carries out all the ends of law, though not in every case through the precise channels of commutative or distributive justice; as we see often done by a parent or a ruler in his dealings with those who are subject to his control.

Justice

Jus"tice (?), v. t. To administer justice to. [Obs.] Bacon.

Justiceable

Jus"tice*a*ble (?), a. Liable to trial in a court of justice. [Obs.] Hayward.

Justicehood

Jus"tice*hood (?), n. Justiceship. B. Jonson.

Justicement

Jus"tice*ment (?), n. Administration of justice; procedure in courts of justice. [Obs.] Johnson.

Justicer

Jus"ti*cer (?), n. One who administers justice; a judge. [Obs.] "Some upright justicer." Shak.

Justiceship

Jus"tice*ship (?), n. The office or dignity of a justice. Holland.

Justiciable

Jus*ti"ci*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. LL. justitiabilis, F. justiciable.] Proper to be examined in a court of justice. Bailey.

Justiciar

Jus*ti"ci*ar (?), n. Same as Justiciary.

Justiciary

Jus*ti"ci*a*ry (?), n. [Cf. LL. justitiarius, F. justicier. See Justice.] (Old Eng. Law) An old name for the judges of the higher English courts. &hand; The chief justiciary, or justiciar, in early English history, was not only the chief justice of the kingdom, but also ex officio regent in the king's absence. Court of justiciary (Scots Law), the supreme criminal court, having jurisdiction over the whole of Scotland.

Justico, Justicoat

Jus"ti*co (?), Jus"ti*coat` (?), n. [F. justaucorps, lit., close to the body.] Formerly, a close coat or waistcoat with sleeves.

Justifiable

Jus"ti*fi`a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. justifiable. See Justify.] Capable of being justified, or shown to be just.
Just are the ways of God, An justifiable to men. Milton.
Syn. -- Defensible; vindicable; warrantable; excusable; exculpable; authorizable. -- Jus"ti*fi`a*ble*ness, n. -- Jus"ti*fi`a*bly, adv.

Justification

Jus`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. justificatio: cf. F. justification. See Justify.]

1. The act of justifying or the state of being justified; a showing or proving to be just or conformable to law, justice, right, or duty; defense; vindication; support; as, arguments in justification of the prisoner's conduct; his disobedience admits justification.

I hope, for my brother's justification, he wrote this but as an essay or taste of my virtue. Shak.

2. (Law) The showing in court of a sufficient lawful reason why a party charged or accused did that for which he is called to answer.

3. (Theol.) The act of justifying, or the state of being justified, in respect to God's requirements.

Who was delivered for our offenses, and was raised again for our justification. Rom. iv. 25.
In such righteousness To them by faith imputed, they may find Justification toward God, and peace Of conscience. Milton.

4. (Print.) Adjustment of type by spacing it so as to make it exactly fill a line, or of a cut so as to hold it in the right place; also, the leads, quads, etc., used for making such adjustment.

Justificative

Jus*tif"i*ca*tive (?; 277), a. [Cf. F. justificatif.] Having power to justify; justificatory.

Justificator

Jus"ti*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [LL. justificator: cf. F. justificateur.] One who justifies or vindicates; a justifier. Johnson.

Justificatory

Jus*tif"i*ca*to*ry (?; 277), a. Vindicatory; defensory; justificative.

Justifier

Jus"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who justifies; one who vindicates, supports, defends, or absolves.
Justifiers of themselves and hypocrites. Strype.
That he might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus. Rom. iii. 26.

Justify

Jus"ti*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Justified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Justifying (?).] [F. justifier, L. justificare; justus just + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Just, a., and -fy.]

1. To prove or show to be just; to vindicate; to maintain or defend as conformable to law, right, justice, propriety, or duty.

That to the height of this great argument I may assert eternal providence, And justify the ways of God to men. Milton.
Unless the oppression is so extreme as to justify revolution, it would not justify the evil of breaking up a government. E. Everett.

2. To pronounce free from guilt or blame; to declare or prove to have done that which is just, right, proper, etc.; to absolve; to exonerate; to clear.

I can not justify whom the law condemns. Shak.

3. (Theol.) To treat as if righteous and just; to pardon; to exculpate; to absolve.

By him all that believe are justified from all things, from which ye could not be justified by the law of Moses. Acts xiii. 39.

4. To prove; to ratify; to confirm. [Obs.] Shak.

5. (Print.) To make even or true, as lines of type, by proper spacing; to adjust, as type. See Justification, 4. Syn. -- To defend; maintain; vindicate; excuse; exculpate; absolve; exonerate.

Justify

Jus"ti*fy, v. i.

1. (Print.) To form an even surface or true line with something else; to fit exactly. <-- esp. in printing, to align (text) at the left (left justify) or right (right justify) margins of a column or page, or at both margins -->

2. (Law) To take oath to the ownership of property sufficient to qualify one's self as bail or surety.

Justinian

Jus*tin"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Institutes or laws of the Roman Justinian.

Justle

Jus"tle (?), v. i. [Freq. of joust, just, v. i. See Joust, v. i., and cf. Jostle.] To run or strike against each other; to encounter; to clash; to jostle. Shak.
The chariots shall rage in the streets; they shall justle one against another in the broad ways. Nahum ii. 4.

Justle

Jus"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Justled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Justling (?).] To push; to drive; to force by running against; to jostle.
We justled one another out, and disputed the post for a great while. Addison.

Justle

Jus"tle, n. An encounter or shock; a jostle.

Justly

Just"ly (?), adv. [From Just, a.] In a just manner; in conformity to law, justice, or propriety; by right; honestly; fairly; accurately. "In equal balance justly weighed." Shak.
Nothing can justly be despised that can not justly be blamed: where there is no choice there can be no blame. South.

Justness

Just"ness, n. The quality of being just; conformity to truth, propriety, accuracy, exactness, and the like; justice; reasonableness; fairness; equity; as, justness of proportions; the justness of a description or representation; the justness of a cause.
In value the satisfaction I had in seeing it represented with all the justness and gracefulness of action. Dryden.
&hand; Justness is properly applied to things, and justice to persons; but the distinction is not always observed. Syn. -- Accuracy; exactness; correctness; propriety; fitness; reasonableness; equity; uprightness; justice.

Jut

Jut (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Jutted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Jutting.] [A corruption of jet.]

1. To shoot out or forward; to project beyond the main body; as, the jutting part of a building. "In jutting rock and curved shore." Wordsworth.

It seems to jut out of the structure of the poem. Sir T. Browne.

2. To butt. [Obs.] "The jutting steer." Mason.

Jut

Jut, n.

1. That which projects or juts; a projection.

2. A shove; a push. [Obs.] Udall.

Jute

Jute (?), n. [Hind. j, Skr. j matted hair; cf. ja matted hair, fibrous roots.] The coarse, strong fiber of the East Indian Corchorus olitorius, and C. capsularis; also, the plant itself. The fiber is much used for making mats, gunny cloth, cordage, hangings, paper, etc.

Jutes

Jutes (?), n. pl. sing. Jute. (Ethnol.) Jutlanders; one of the Low German tribes, a portion of which settled in Kent, England, in the 5th century.

Jutlander

Jut"land*er (?), n. A native or inhabitant of Jutland in Denmark.

Jutlandish

Jut"land*ish, a. Of or pertaining to Jutland, or to the people of Jutland.

Jutting

Jut"ting (?), a. Projecting, as corbels, cornices, etc. -- Jut"ting*ly, adv.

Jutty

Jut"ty (?), n. [See Jetty, Jut, Jet.] A projection in a building; also, a pier or mole; a jetty. Shak.

Jutty

Jut"ty, v. t. & i. To project beyond. [Obs.] Shak.

Juvenal

Ju"ve*nal (?), n. [L. juvenalis youthful, juvenile, fr. juvenis young.] A youth. [Obs.] Shak.

Juvenescence

Ju`ve*nes"cence (?), n. A growing young.

Juvenescent

Ju`ve*nes"cent (?), a. [L. juvenescens, p. pr. of juvenescere to grow young again, from juvenis young.] Growing or becoming young.

Juvenile

Ju"ve*nile (?; 277), a. [L. juvenilis, from juvenis young; akin to E. young: cf. F. juv\'82nile, juv\'82nil. See Young.]

1. Young; youthful; as, a juvenile appearance. "A juvenile exercitation." Glanvill.

2. Of or pertaining to youth; as, juvenile sports. Syn. -- Puerile; boyish; childish. See Youthful.

Juvenile

Ju"ve*nile, n. A young person or youth; -- used sportively or familiarly. C. Bront\'82.

Juvenileness

Ju"ve*nile*ness, n. The state or quality of being juvenile; juvenility.

Juvenility

Ju`ve*nil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Juvenilities (#). [L. juvenilitas: cf. F. juv\'82nilit\'82.]

1. Youthfulness; adolescence. Glanvill.

2. The manners or character of youth; immaturity. Glanvill.

Juvia

Ju"vi*a (?), n. (Bot.) A Brazilian name for the lofty myrtaceous tree (Bertholetia excelsa) which produces the large seeds known as Brazil nuts.

Juwansa

Ju*wan"sa (?), n. (Bot.) The camel's thorn. See under Camel.

Juwise

Ju*wise" (?), n. [Obs.] Same as Juise. Chaucer.

Juxtapose

Jux`ta*pose" (?), v. t. [Cf. Juxtaposit, Pose.] To place in juxtaposition. Huxley.

Juxtaposit

Jux`ta*pos"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Juxtaposited; p. pr. & vb. n. Juxtapositing.] [L. juxta near + positus, p. p. of ponere to put.] To place in close connection or contiguity; to juxtapose. Derham.

Juxtaposition

Jux`ta*po*si"tion (?), n. [L. juxta near + positio position: cf. F. juxtaposition. See Just, v. i., and Position.] A placing or being placed in nearness or contiguity, or side by side; as, a juxtaposition of words.
Parts that are united by a a mere juxtaposition. Glanvill.
Juxtaposition is a very unsafe criterion of continuity. Hare.

Junold

Jun"old (?), a. [Obs.] See Gimmal.
Page 808

K.

K

K, (K are from the Latin, which used the letter but little except in the early period of the language. It came into the Latin from the Greek, which received it from a Ph\'d2nician source, the ultimate origin probably being Egyptian,. Etymologically K is most nearly related to c, g, h (which see). In many words of one syllable k is used after c, as in crack, check, deck, being necessary to exhibit a correct pronunciation in the derivatives, cracked, checked, decked, cracking; since without it, c, before the vowels e and i, would be sounded like s. Formerly, k was added to c in certain words of Latin origin, as in musick, publick, republick; but now it is omitted. See Guide to Pronunciation , §§ 240, 178, 179, 185.

Kaama

Kaa"ma (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The hartbeest.

Kabala

Kab"a*la (?), n. See Cabala.

Kabassou

Ka*bas"sou (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Cabassou.

Kabob

Ka*bob" (?), n. & v. t. See Cabob, n. & v. t.

Kabook

Ka*book" (?), n. (min.) A clay ironstone found in Ceylon.

Kabyle

Ka*byle" (?), n. [Ar. qab\'c6la.] (Ethnol.) A Berber, as in Algiers or Tunis. See Berber.

Kadder

Kad"der (?), n. [Cf. Caddow.] (Zo\'94l.) The jackdaw.

Kadi, Kadiaster

Ka"di (?), Ka`di*as"ter (?), n. A Turkish judge. See Cadi.

Kafal

Ka*fal" (?), n. (Bot.) The Arabian name of two trees of the genus Balsamodendron, which yield a gum resin and a red aromatic wood.

Kaffir, Kafir

Kaf"fir (?), Ka"fir (?), n. [Ar. k infidel, pagan, fr. kafara to be skeptical in religious matters; -- a name given to certain infidel races by the Mohammedans. Cf. Giaour.] (Ethnol.) (a) One of a race which, with the Hottentots and Bushmen, inhabit South Africa. They inhabit the country north of Cape Colony, the name being now specifically applied to the tribes living between Cape Colony and Natal; but the Zulus of Natal are true Kaffirs. (b) One of a race inhabiting Kafiristan in Central Asia. [Spelt also Caffre.] Kaffir corn (Bot.), a Cape Colony name for Indian millet.

Kaffle

Kaf"fle (?), n. See Coffle.

Kafilah

Ka"fi*lah (?), n. See Cafila.

Kaftan

Kaf"tan (?), n & v. See Caftan.

Kage

Kage (?), n. A chantry chapel inclosed with lattice or screen work.

Kagu

Ka"gu (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A singular, crested, grallatorial bird (Rhinochetos jubatus), native of New Caledonia. It is gray above, paler beneath, and the feathers of the wings and tail are handsomely barred with brown, black, and gray. It is allied to the sun bittern.

Kaguan

Ka`gu*an" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The colugo.

Kahani

Ka"ha"ni (?), n. A kind of notary public, or attorney, in the Levant.

Kahau

Ka*hau" (?), n. [Native name, from its cry.] (Zo\'94l.) A long-nosed monkey (Semnopithecus nasalis), native of Borneo. The general color of the body is bright chestnut, with the under parts, shoulders, and sides of the head, golden yellow, and the top of the head and upper part of the back brown. Called also proboscis monkey. [Written also kaha.]

Kail

Kail (?), n.

1. (Bot.) A kind of headless cabbage. Same as Kale, 1.

2. Any cabbage, greens, or vegetables. [OE. or Scot.]

3. A broth made with kail or other vegetables; hence, any broth; also, a dinner. [Scot.] Kail yard, a kitchen garden. [Scot.]

Kaimacam

Kai`ma*cam" (?), n. Same as Caimacam.

Kain

Kain (?), n. (Scots Law) Poultry, etc., required by the lease to be paid in kind by a tenant to his landlord. Wharton (Law Dict.).

Kainit

Kai"nit (?), n. [Trade name, fr. kainite.] Salts of potassium used in the manufacture of fertilizers.

Kainite

Kai"nite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A compound salt consisting chiefly of potassium chloride and magnesium sulphate, occurring at the Stassfurt salt mines in Prussian Saxony.

Kainozoic

Kai`no*zo"ic (?), a. See Cenozoic.

Kaique

Ka*ique" (?), n. (Naut.) See Caique.

Kairine

Kai"rine (?), n. (Chem.) A pale buff or white crystalline alkaloid derived from quinoline, and used as an antipyretic in medicine.

Kairoline

Kai`ro*line (?), n. (Chem.) An organic base obtained from quinoline. It is used as a febrifuge, and resembles kairine.

Kaiser

Kai"ser (?), n. [Gr., fr. L. Caesar. Cf. Kesar, and Czar.] The ancient title of emperors of Germany assumed by King William of Prussia when crowned sovereign of the new German empire in 1871.

Kaka

Ka"ka (?), n. [Maori kaka a parrot; -- so named from its note.] (Zo\'94l.) A New Zealand parrot of the genus Nestor, especially the brown parrot (Nestor meridionalis). &hand; The mountain kaka, or kea (N. notabilis), is remarkable for having recently acquired carnivorous habits. It attacks and kills lambs and pigs, sometimes doing great damage. Night kaka. (Zo\'94l.) The kakapo.

Kakapo

Ka`ka*po" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A singular nocturnal parrot (Strigops habroptilus), native of New Zealand. It lives in holes during the day, but is active at night. It resembles an owl in its colors and general appearance. It has large wings, but can fly only a short distance. Called also owl parrot, night parrot, and night kaka.

Kakaralli

Kak`a*ral"li (?), n. A kind of wood common in Demerara, durable in salt water, because not subject to the depredations of the sea worm and barnacle.

Kakistocracy

Kak`is*toc"ra*cy (?), n. [Gr. Government by the worst men.

Kakoxene

Ka*kox"ene (?), n. See Cacoxene.

Kalan

Ka*lan" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The sea otter.

Kalasie

Ka`la*sie" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A long-tailed monkey of Borneo (Semnopithecus rubicundus). It has a tuft of long hair on the head.

Kale

Kale (?), n. [Scot. kale, kail, cale, colewort, Gael. cael; akin to Ir. cal, W. cawl, Armor. kaol. See Cole.]

1. (Bot.) A variety of cabbage in which the leaves do not form a head, being nearly the original or wild form of the species. [Written also kail, and cale.]

2. See Kail, 2. Sea kale (Bot.), a European cruciferous herb (Crambe maritima), often used as a pot herb; sea cabbage.

Kaleege

Ka*leege" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of large, crested, Asiatic pheasants, belonging to the genus Euplocamus, and allied to the firebacks.

Kaleidophon, Kaleidophone

Ka*lei"do*phon (?), Ka*lei"do*phone (?), [Gr. (Physics.) An instrument invented by Professor Wheatstone, consisting of a reflecting knob at the end of a vibrating rod or thin plate, for making visible, in the motion of a point of light reflected from the knob, the paths or curves corresponding with the musical notes produced by the vibrations.

Kaleidoscope

Ka*lei"do*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] An instrument invented by Sir David Brewster, which contains loose fragments of colored glass, etc., and reflecting surfaces so arranged that changes of position exhibit its contents in an endless variety of beautiful colors and symmetrical forms. It has been much employed in arts of design.
Shifting like the fragments of colored glass in the kaleidoscope. G. W. Cable.

Kaleidoscopic, Kaleidoscopical

Ka*lei`do*scop"ic (?), Ka*lei`do*scop"ic*al (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or formed by, a kaleidoscope; variegated.

Kalendar

Kal"en*dar (?), n. See Calendar.

Kalendarial

Kal`en*da"ri*al (?), a. See Calendarial.

Kalender

Kal"en*der (?), n. See 3d Calender.

Kalends

Kal"ends (?), n. Same as Calends.

Kali

Ka"li (?), n. [Skr. kali.] (Hind. Cosmog.) The last and worst of the four ages of the world; -- considered to have begun B. C. 3102, and to last 432,000 years.

Kali

Ka"li, n. [Skr. k\'bel\'c6.] (Hind. Myth.) The black, destroying goddess; -- called also Doorga, Anna Purna.

Kali

Ka"li (?), n. [Ar. qali. See Alkali.] (Bot.) The glasswort (Salsola Kali).

Kalif

Ka"lif (?), n. See Caliph.

Kaliform

Ka"li*form (?), a. [Kali + -form.] Formed like kali, or glasswort.

Kaligenous

Ka*lig"e*nous (?), a. [Kali + -genous. See Alkali.] Forming alkalies with oxygen, as some metals.

Kalium

Ka"li*um (?), n. [NL. See Kali.] (Chem.) Potassium; -- so called by the German chemists.

Kalki

Kal"ki (?), n. [Skr.] The name of Vishnu in his tenth and last avatar. Whitworth.

Kalmia

Kal"mi*a (?), n. [NL. Named in honor of Peter Kalm, a Swedish botanist.] (Bot.) A genus of North American shrubs with poisonous evergreen foliage and corymbs of showy flowers. Called also mountain laurel, ivy bush, lamb kill, calico bush, etc.

Kalmuck

Kal"muck (?), n.

1. pl. (Ethnol.) See Calmucks.

2. A kind of shaggy cloth, resembling bearskin.

3. A coarse, dyed, cotton cloth, made in Prussia.

Kalong

Ka*long" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A fruit bat, esp. the Indian edible fruit bat (Pteropus edulis).

Kaloyer

Ka*loy"er (?), n. See Caloyer.

Kalpa

Kal"pa (?), n. [Skr.] (Hind. Myth.) One of the Brahmanic eons, a period of 4,320,000,000 years. At the end of each Kalpa the world is annihilated.

Kalsomine

Kal"so*mine (?), n. & v. t. Same as Calcimine.

Kam

Kam (?), a. [From Celtic; cf. Gael., Ir., & W. cam. Cf. Jamb, n.] Crooked; awry. [Obs.] "This is clean kam." Shak.

Kama

Ka"ma (?), n. [Skr. k\'bema love, the god of love.] The Hindoo Cupid. He is represented as a beautiful youth, with a bow of sugar cane or flowers.

Kamala

Ka*ma"la (?), n. (Bot.) The red dusty hairs of the capsules of an East Indian tree (Mallotus Philippinensis) used for dyeing silk. It is violently emetic, and is used in the treatment of tapeworm. [Written also kameela.]

Kame

Kame (?), n. A low ridge. [Scot.] See Eschar.

Kami

Ka"mi (?), n. pl. [Japanese.] A title given to the celestial gods of the first mythical dynasty of Japan and extended to the demigods of the second dynasty, and then to the long line of spiritual princes still represented by the mikado.

Kamichi

Ka"mi*chi (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A curious South American bird (Anhima, ∨ Palamedea, cornuta), often domesticated by the natives and kept with poultry, which it defends against birds of prey. It has a long, slender, hornlike ornament on its head, and two sharp spurs on each wing. Although its beak, feet, and legs resemble those of gallinaceous birds, it is related in anatomical characters to the ducks and geese (Anseres). Called also horned screamer. The name is sometimes applied also to the chaja. See Chaja, and Screamer.

Kamptulicon

Kamp*tu"li*con (?), n. [Gr. A kind of elastic floor cloth, made of India rubber, gutta-percha, linseed oil, and powdered cork.

Kampylite

Kam"py*lite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A variety of mimetite or arseniate of lead in hexagonal prisms of a fine orange yellow. [Written also campylite.]

Kamsin, Khamsin

Kam*sin", Kham*sin" (?), n. [Ar. khams\'c6n, fr. khams\'d4n, oblique case khams\'c6n, fifty; -- so called because it blows for about fifty days, from April till June.] A hot southwesterly wind in Egypt, coming from the Sahara. [Written also Khamseen.]

Kamtschadales

Kam"tscha*dales (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) An aboriginal tribe inhabiting the southern part of Kamtschatka.

Kan

Kan (?), v. t. To know; to ken. [Obs.] See Ken.

Kan

Kan (?), n. See Khan.

Kanacka, Kanaka

Ka*nack"a (?), Ka*na"ka (?), n. [Native name, prop., a man.] A native of the Sandwich Islands.

Kanchil

Kan"chil (?), n. [Malay canch\'c6l.] (Zo\'94l.) A small chevrotain of the genus Tragulus, esp. T. pygm\'91us, or T. kanchil, inhabiting Java, Sumatra, and adjacent islands; a deerlet. It is noted for its agility and cunning.

Kand

Kand (?), n. (Mining) Fluor spar; -- so called by Cornish miners.

Kangaroo

Kan"ga*roo" (?), n. [Said to be the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of jumping marsupials of the family Macropodid\'91. They inhabit Australia, New Guinea, and adjacent islands, They have long and strong hind legs and a large tail, while the fore legs are comparatively short and feeble. The giant kangaroo (Macropus major) is the largest species, sometimes becoming twelve or fourteen feet in total length. The tree kangaroos, belonging to the genus Dendrolagus, live in trees; the rock kangaroos, of the genus Petrogale, inhabit rocky situations; and the brush kangaroos, of the genus Halmaturus, inhabit wooded districts. See Wallaby.
Page 809

Kangaroo apple (Bot.), the edible fruit of the Tasmanian plant Solanum aviculare. -- Kangaroo grass (Bot.), a perennial Australian forage grass (Anthistiria australis). -- Kangaroo hare (Zo\'94l.), the jerboa kangaroo. See under Jerboa. -- Kangaroo mouse. (Zo\'94l.) See Jumping mouse, under Jumping. -- Kangaroo rat (Zo\'94l.), the potoroo.

Kansas

Kan"sas (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians allied to the Winnebagoes and Osages. They formerly inhabited the region which is now the State of Kansas, but were removed to the Indian Territory.

Kantian

Kant"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Immanuel Kant, the German philosopher; conformed or relating to any or all of the philosophical doctrines of Immanuel Kant.

Kantian

Kant"i*an, n. A follower of Kant; a Kantist.

Kantianism, Kantism

Kant"i*an*ism, Kant"ism (?), n. The doctrine or theory of Kant; the Kantian philosophy.

Kantist

Kant"ist n. A disciple or follower of Kant.

Kanttry

Kant"try (?), n. Same as Cantred.

Kaolin, Kaoline

Ka"o*lin, Ka"o*line (?), n. [Chin. kao-ling.] (Min.) A very pure white clay, ordinarily in the form of an impalpable powder, and used to form the paste of porcelain; China clay; porcelain clay. It is chiefly derived from the decomposition of common feldspar. &hand; The name is now applied to all porcelain clays which endure the fire without discoloration.

Kaolinization

Ka`o*lin`i*za"tion (?), n. The process by which feldspar is changed into kaolin.

Kaolinize

Ka"o*lin*ize (?), v. t. To convert into kaolin.

Kapelle

Ka*pel"le (?), n. [G.] (Mus.) A chapel; hence, the choir or orchestra of a prince's chapel; now, a musical establishment, usually orchestral. Grove.

Kapellmeister

Ka*pell"meis`ter (?), n. [G.] (Mus.) See Capellmeister.

Kapia

Ka"pi*a (?), n. [Native name.] (Min.) The fossil resin of the kauri tree of New Zealand.

Kapnomar

Kap"no*mar (?), n. Chem.) See Capnomor.

Karagane

Kar"a*gane (?), n. [Russ. karagan'] (Zo\'94l.) A species of gray fox found in Russia.

Karaism

Ka"ra*ism (?), n. Doctrines of the Karaites.

Karaite

Ka"ra*ite (?), n. [Heb.q\'ber\'be to read.] (Eccl. Hist.) A sect of Jews who adhere closely to the letter of the Scriptures, rejecting the oral law, and allowing the Talmud no binding authority; -- opposed to the Rabbinists.

Karatas

Ka*ra"tas (?), n. (Bot.) A West Indian plant of the Pineapple family (Nidularium Karatas).

Karma

Kar"ma (?), n. [Skr.] (Buddhism) One's acts considered as fixing one's lot in the future existence. (Theos.) The doctrine of fate as the inflexible result of cause and effect; the theory of inevitable consequence.

Karmathian

Kar*ma"thi*an (?), n. One of a Mohammedan sect founded in the ninth century by Karmat.

Karn

Karn (?), n. [Cornish. Cf. Cairn.] (Mining) A pile of rocks; sometimes, the solid rock. See Cairn.

Karob

Ka"rob (?), n. [Cf. Carat.] The twenty-fourth part of a grain; -- a weight used by goldsmiths. Crabb.

Karpholite

Kar"pho*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite: cf. F. carpholithe.] (Min.) A fibrous mineral occurring in tufts of a straw-yellow color. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and manganese.

Karreo

Kar*reo" (?), n.; pl. Karroos (. One of the dry table-lands of South Africa, which often rise terracelike to considerable elevations. [Also karoo.] The Great Karroo, ∨ The Karroo, a vast plateau, in Cape Colony, stretching through five degrees of longitude, at an elevation of about 3,000 feet.

Karstenite

Kar"sten*ite (?), n. Same as Anhydrite.

Karvel

Kar"vel (?), n. [Obs.] See Carvel, and Caravel.

Karyokinesis

Kar"y*o*ki*ne`sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The indirect division of cells in which, prior to division of the cell protoplasm, complicated changes take place in the nucleus, attended with movement of the nuclear fibrils; -- opposed to karyostenosis. The nucleus becomes enlarged and convoluted, and finally the threads are separated into two groups which ultimately become disconnected and constitute the daughter nuclei. Called also mitosis. See Cell development, under Cell.

Karyokinetic

Kar`y*o*ki*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to karyokinesis; as, karyokinetic changes of cell division.

Karyomiton

Kar`y*om"i*ton (?), n. [NL., Gr. ( (Biol.) The reticular network of fine fibers, of which the nucleus of a cell is in part composed; -- in opposition to kytomiton, or the network in the body of the cell. W. Flemming.

Karyoplasma

Kar`y*o*plas"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. a num + (Biol.) The protoplasmic substance of the nucleus of a cell: nucleoplasm; -- in opposition to kytoplasma, the protoplasm of the cell.

Karyostenosis

Kar`y*o*ste*no"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) Direct cell division (in which there is first a simple division of the nucleus, without any changes in its structure, followed by division of the protoplasm of the karyostenotic mode of nuclear division.

Kasack

Ka*sack" (?), n. (Ethnol.) Same as Cossack.

Kat

Kat (?), n. (Bot.) An Arabian shrub Catha edulis) the leaves of which are used as tea by the Arabs.

Katabolic

Kat`a*bol"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to katabolism; as, katabolic processes, which give rise to substances (katastates) of decreasing complexity and increasing stability.

Katabolism

Ka*tab"o*lism (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol.) Destructive or downward metabolism; regressive metamorphism; -- opposed to anabolism. See Disassimilation.

Katastate

Kat"a*state (?), n. [Gr. ( (Physiol.) A substance formed by a katabolic process; -- opposed to anastate. See Katabolic.

Kate

Kate (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The brambling finch.

Kathetal

Kath"e*tal (?), a. [Gr. Cathetus.] (Math.) Making a right angle; perpendicular, as two lines or two sides of a triangle, which include a right angle.

Kathetometer

Kath`e*tom"e*ter (?), n. Same as Cathetometer.

Kattinumdoo

Kat`ti*num"doo (?), n. A caoutchouc like substance obtained from the milky juice of the East Indian Euphorbia Kattimundoo. It is used as a cement.

Katydid

Ka"ty*did` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large, green, arboreal, orthopterous insect (Cyrtophyllus concavus) of the family Locustid\'91, common in the United States. The males have stridulating organs at the bases of the front wings. During the summer and autumn, in the evening, the males make a peculiar, loud, shrill sound, resembling the combination Katy-did, whence the name.

Kauri

Ka"u*ri (?), n. [Native name.] (Bot.) A lofty coniferous tree of New Zealand Agathis, ∨ Dammara, australis), furnishing valuable timber and yielding one kind of dammar resin. [Written also kaudi, cowdie, and cowrie.]

Kava

Ka"va (?), n. [Polynesian.] (Bot.) A species of Macropiper (M. methysticum), the long pepper, from the root of which an intoxicating beverage is made by the Polynesians, by a process of mastication; also, the beverage itself. [Written also kawa, kava, and ava.]

Kavass

Ka*vass" (?), n.; pl. Kavasses (#) [Turk. k\'bevv\'bes] An armed constable; also, a government servant or courier. [Turkey]

Kaw

Kaw (?), v. i. & n. See Caw.

Kawaka

Ka*wa"ka (?), n. (Bot.) a New Zealand tree, the Cypress cedar (Libocedrus Doniana), having a valuable, fine-grained, reddish wood.

Kawn

Kawn (?), n. A inn. [Turkey] See Khan.

Kayak

Kay"ak (?), n. (Naut.) A light canoe, made of skins stretched over a frame, and usually capable of carrying but one person, who sits amidships and uses a double-bladed paddle. It is peculiar to the Eskimos and other Arctic tribes.

Kayaker

Kay"ak*er (?), n. One who uses a kayak.

Kayko

Kay"ko (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The dog salmon.

Kayles

Kayles (?), n. pl. [Akin to Dan. kegle, Sw. kegla, D. & G. kegel, OHG. kegil, whence F. quille.] A game; ninepins. [Prov Eng.] Carew.

Kaynard

Kay"nard (?), n. [F. cagnard.] A lazy or cowardly person; a rascal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Keck

Keck (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kecked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kecking.] [Cf. dial. G. k\'94cken, k\'94ken.] To heave or to retch, as in an effort to vomit. [R.] Swift.

Keck

Keck, n. An effort to vomit; queasiness. [R.]

Keckle

Kec"kle (?), v. i. & n. See Keck, v. i. & n.

Keckle

Kec"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Keckled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Keckling (?).] (Naut.) To wind old rope around, as a cable, to preserve its surface from being fretted, or to wind iron chains around, to defend from the friction of a rocky bottom, or from the ice. Totten.

Keckling

Kec"kling (?), n. Old rope or iron chains wound around a cable. See Keckle, v. t.

Kecklish

Kec"klish (?), a. [From keck, keckle.] Inclined to vomit; squeamish. [R.] Holland.

Kecksy

Keck"sy (?), n.; pl. Kecksies (-s&icr;z). [Properly pl. of kex. See Kex.] (Bot.) The hollow stalk of an umbelliferous plant, such as the cow parsnip or the hemlock. [Written also kex, and in pl., kecks, kaxes.]
Nothing teems But hateful docks, rough thistles, kecksies, burs. Shak.

Kecky

Keck"y (?), a. Resembling a kecksy. Grew.

Kedge

Kedge (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kedged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kedging.] [Cf. dial. Sw. keka to tug, to drag one's self slowly forward; or perh. fr. ked, and kedge, n., for ked anchor, named from the ked or cask fastened to the anchor to show where it lies.] (Naut.) To move (a vessel) by carrying out a kedge in a boat, dropping it overboard, and hauling the vessel up to it.

Kedge

Kedge, n. [See Kedge, v. t.] (Naut.) A small anchor used whenever a large one can be dispensed witch. See Kedge, v. t., and Anchor, n.

Keger

Keg"er (?) n. (Naut.) A small anchor; a kedge.

Kedlook

Ked"look (?), n. [Cf. dial. G.k\'94ddik, k\'81dik, kettich, keek, Dan. kidike, E. charlock, and AS. cedelc the herb mercury.] (Bot.) See Charlock.

Kee

Kee (?), n. pl. of Cow. [AS. c, pl. of c cow. See Kine.] See Kie, Ky, and Kine. [Prov. Eng.] Gay.

Keech

Keech (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E. keech a cake.] A mass or lump of fat rolled up by the butcher. [Obs.] Shak.

Keel

Keel (?), v. t. & i. [AS. c to cool, fr. c cool. See Cool.] To cool; to akin or stir [Obs.]
While greasy Joan doth keel the pot. Shak.

Keel

Keel, n. A brewer's cooling vat; a keelfat.

Keel

Keel, n. [Cf. AS. ce\'a2l ship; akin to D. & G. kiel keel, OHG. chiol ship, Icel. kj, and perh. to Gr. gla
ball, round water vessel. But the meaning of the English word seems to come from Icel. kj\'94lr keel, akin to Sw. k\'94l, Dan. kj\'94l.]

1. (Shipbuilding) A longitudinal timber, or series of timbers scarfed together, extending from stem to stern along the bottom of a vessel. It is the principal timber of the vessel, and, by means of the ribs attached on each side, supports the vessel's frame. In an iron vessel, a combination of plates supplies the place of the keel of a wooden ship. See Illust. of Keelson.

2. Fig.: The whole ship.

3. A barge or lighter, used on the Type for carrying coal from Newcastle; also, a barge load of coal, twentyone tons, four cwt. [Eng.]

4. (Bot.) The two lowest petals of the corolla of a papilionaceous flower, united and inclosing the stamens and pistil; a carina. See Carina.

5. (Nat. Hist.) A projecting ridge along the middle of a flat or curved surface. Bilge keel (Naut.), a keel peculiar to ironclad vessels, extending only a portion of the length of the vessel under the bilges. Ham. Nav. Encyc. -- False keel. See under False. -- Keel boat. (a) A covered freight boat, with a keel, but no sails, used on Western rivers. [U. S.] (b) A low, flat-bottomed freight boat. See Keel, n., 3. -- Keel piece, one of the timbers or sections of which a keel is composed. On even keel, in a level or horizontal position, so that the draught of water at the stern and the bow is the same. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Keel

Keel, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Keeled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Keeling.]

1. To traverse with a keel; to navigate.

2. To turn up the keel; to show the bottom. To keel over, to upset; to capsize. [Colloq.]

Keelage

Keel"age (?), n. [Cf. F. guillage, fr. guille keel; of German or Scand origin. See 3d Keel.] The right of demanding a duty or toll for a ship entering a port; also, the duty or toll. Bouvier. Wharton.

Keeled

Keeled (?), a.

1. (Bot.) Keel-shaped; having a longitudinal prominence on the back; as, a keeled leaf.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Having a median ridge; carinate; as, a keeled scale.

Keeler

Keel"er (?), n. [See 3d Keel.]

1. One employed in managing a Newcastle keel; -- called also keelman.

2. A small or shallow tub; esp., one used for holding materials for calking ships, or one used for washing dishes, etc.

Keelfat

Keel"fat` (?), n. [Keel to cool + fat a large tub, a vat.] (Brewing) A cooler; a vat for cooling wort, etc. [Written also keelvat.] Johnson.

Keelhaul

Keel"haul` (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Keelhauled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Keelhauling.] [3d keel + haul: cf. LG. & D. kielhalen, G. kielholen. ] [Written also keelhale.] (Naut.) To haul under the keel of a ship, by ropes attached to the yardarms on each side. It was formerly practiced as a punishment in the Dutch and English navies. Totten.

Keeling

Kee"ling (?), n. [Cf. Icel. keila, Sw. kolja, Dan. kulle.] (Zo\'94l.) A cod.

Keelivine

Kee"li*vine (?), n. [Cf. Gael. cil ruddle.] A pencil of black or red lead; -- called also keelyvine pen. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Keelman

Keel"man (?), n.; pl. -men (. See Keeler,

1.

Keelrake

Keel"rake` (?), v. t. (Naut.) Same as Keelhaul.

Keels

Keels (?), n. pl. Ninepins. See Kayles.

Keelson

Keel"son (?), n. [Akin to Sw. k\'94lsvin, Dan. kj\'94lsviin, G. kielschwein; apparently compounded of the words keel and swine; but cf. Norweg. kj\'94lsvill, where svill is akin to E. sill, n. ] (Shipbuilding) A piece of timber in a ship laid on the middle of the floor timbers over the keel, and binding the floor timbers to the keel; in iron vessels, a structure of plates, situated like the keelson of a timber ship. Cross keelson, a similar structure lying athwart the main keelson, to support the engines and boilers.
Page 810

Keelvat

Keel"vat` (?), n. See Keelfat.

Keen

Keen (?), a. [Compar. Keener (?); superl. Keenest.] [OE. kene sharp, bold, AS.c bold; akin to D. koen, OHG. kuoni, G. k\'81hn, OSw. kyn, k\'94n, Icel. k\'91nn, for koenn wise; perh. akin to E. ken, can to be able.

1. Sharp; having a fine edge or point; as, a keen razor, or a razor with a keen edge.

A bow he bare and arwes [arrows] bright and kene. Chaucer.
That my keen knife see not the wound it makes. Shak.

2. Acute of mind; sharp; penetrating; having or expressing mental acuteness; as, a man of keen understanding; a keen look; keen features.

To make our wits more keen. Shak.
Before the keen inquiry of her thought. Cowper.

3. Bitter; piercing; acrimonious; cutting; stinging; severe; as, keen satire or sarcasm.

Good father cardinal, cry thou amen To my keen curses. Shak.

4. Piercing; penetrating; cutting; sharp; -- applied to cold, wind, etc, ; as, a keen wind; the cold is very keen.

Breasts the keen air, and carols as he goes. Goldsmith.

5. Eager; vehement; fierce; as, a keen appetite. "Of full kene will." Piers Plowman.

So keen and greedy to confound a man. Shak.
&hand; Keen is often used in the composition of words, most of which are of obvious signification; as, keen-edged, keen-eyed, keen-sighted, keen-witted, etc. Syn. -- Prompt; eager; ardent; sharp; acute; cutting; penetrating; biting; severe; sarcastic; satirical; piercing; shrewd.

Keen

Keen, v. t. To sharpen; to make cold. [R.]
Cold winter keens the brightening flood. Thomson.

Keen

Keen, n. [Ir. caoine.] A prolonged wail for a deceased person. Cf. Coranach. [Ireland] Froude.

Keen

Keen, v. i. To wail as a keener does. [Ireland]

Keener

Keen"er (?), n. A professional mourner who wails at a funeral. [Ireland]

Keenly

Keen"ly, adv. In a keen manner.

Keenness

Keen"ness, n. The quality or state of being keen.

Keep

Keep (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kept (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Keeping.] [OE. k, AS.c to keep, regard, desire, await, take, betake; cf. AS. copenere lover, OE. copnien to desire.]

1. To care; to desire. [Obs.]

I kepe not of armes for to yelp [boast]. Chaucer.

2. To hold; to restrain from departure or removal; not to let go of; to retain in one's power or possession; not to lose; to retain; to detain.

If we lose the field, We can not keep the town. Shak.
That I may know what keeps me here with you. Dryden.
If we would weigh and keep in our minds what we are considering, that would instruct us. Locke.

3. To cause to remain in a given situation or condition; to maintain unchanged; to hold or preserve in any state or tenor.

His loyalty he kept, his love, his zeal. Milton.
Keep a stiff rein, and move but gently on. Addison.
&hand; In this sense it is often used with prepositions and adverbs, as to keep away, to keep down, to keep from, to keep in, out, or off, etc. "To keep off impertinence and solicitation from his superior." Addison.

4. To have in custody; to have in some place for preservation; to take charge of.

The crown of Stephanus, first king of Hungary, was always kept in the castle of Vicegrade. Knolles.

5. To preserve from danger, harm, or loss; to guard.

Behold, I am with thee, and will keep thee. Gen. xxviii. 15.

6. To preserve from discovery or publicity; not to communicate, reveal, or betray, as a secret.

Great are thy virtues . . . though kept from man. Milton.

7. To attend upon; to have the care of; to tend.

And the Lord God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden, to dress it and to keep it. Gen. ii. 15.
In her girlish age, she kept sheep on the moor. Carew.

8. To record transactions, accounts, or events in; as, to keep books, a journal, etc. ; also, to enter (as accounts, records, etc. ) in a book.

9. To maintain, as an establishment, institution, or the like; to conduct; to manage; as, to keep store.

Like a pedant that keeps a school. Shak.
Every one of them kept house by himself. Hayward.

10. To supply with necessaries of life; to entertain; as, to keep boarders.

11. To have in one's service; to have and maintain, as an assistant, a servant, a mistress, a horse, etc.

I keep but three men and a boy. Shak.

12. To have habitually in stock for sale.

13. To continue in, as a course or mode of action; not to intermit or fall from; to hold to; to maintain; as, to keep silence; to keep one's word; to keep possession.

Both day and night did we keep company. Shak.
Within this portal as I kept my watch. Smollett.

14. To observe; to adhere to; to fulfill; not to swerve from or violate; to practice or perform, as duty; not to neglect; to be faithful to.

I have kept the faith. 2 Tim. iv. 7.
Him whom to love is to obey, and keep His great command. Milton.

15. To confine one's self to; not to quit; to remain in; as, to keep one's house, room, bed, etc. ; hence, to haunt; to frequent. Shak.

'Tis hallowed ground; Fairies, and fawns, and satyrs do it keep. J. Fletcher.

16. To observe duty, as a festival, etc. ; to celebrate; to solemnize; as, to keep a feast.

I went with them to the house of God . . . with a multitude that kept holyday. Ps. xlii. 4.
To keep at arm's length. See under Arm, n. -- To keep back. (a) To reserve; to withhold. "I will keep nothing back from you." Jer. xlii. 4. (b) To restrain; to hold back. "Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins." Ps. xix. 13. -- To keep company with. (a) To frequent the society of; to associate with; as, let youth keep company with the wise and good. (b) To accompany; to go with; as, to keep company with one on a voyage; also, to pay court to, or accept attentions from, with a view to marriage. [Colloq.] -- To keep counsel. See under Counsel, n. -- To keep down. (a) To hold in subjection; to restrain; to hinder. (b) (Fine Arts) To subdue in tint or tone, as a portion of a picture, so that the spectator's attention may not be diverted from the more important parts of the work. -- To keep good (∨ bad) hours, to be customarily early (or late) in returning home or in retiring to rest. -- To keep house. (a) To occupy a separate house or establishment, as with one's family, as distinguished from boarding; to manage domestic affairs. (b) (Eng. Bankrupt Law) To seclude one's self in one's house in order to evade the demands of creditors. -- To keep one's hand in, to keep in practice. -- To keep open house, to be hospitable. -- To keep the peace (Law), to avoid or to prevent a breach of the peace. -- To keep school, to govern, manage and instruct or teach a school, as a preceptor. -- To keep a stiff upper lip, to keep up one's courage. [Slang] -- To keep term. (a) (Eng. Universities) To reside during a term. (b) (Inns of Court) To eat a sufficient number of dinners in hall to make the term count for the purpose of being called to the bar. [Eng.] Mozley & W. -- To keep touch. See under Touch, n. -- To keep under, to hold in subjection; hence, to oppress. -- To keep up. (a) To maintain; to prevent from falling or diminution; as, to keep up the price of goods; to keep up one's credit. (b) To maintain; to continue; to prevent from ceasing. "In joy, that which keeps up the action is the desire to continue it." Locke. Syn. -- To retain; detain; reserve; preserve; hold; restrain; maintain; sustain; support; withhold. -- To Keep. Retain, Preserve. Keep is the generic term, and is often used where retain or preserve would too much restrict the meaning; as, to keep silence, etc. Retain denotes that we keep or hold things, as against influences which might deprive us of them, or reasons which might lead us to give them up; as, to retain vivacity in old age; to retain counsel in a lawsuit; to retain one's servant after a reverse of fortune. Preserve denotes that we keep a thing against agencies which might lead to its being destroyed or broken in upon; as, to preserve one's health; to preserve appearances.

Keep

Keep (?), v. i.

1. To remain in any position or state; to continue; to abide; to stay; as, to keep at a distance; to keep aloft; to keep near; to keep in the house; to keep before or behind; to keep in favor; to keep out of company, or out reach.

2. To last; to endure; to remain unimpaired.

If the malt be not thoroughly dried, the ale it makes will not keep. Mortimer.

3. To reside for a time; to lodge; to dwell. [Now disused except locally or colloquially.]

Knock at his study, where, they say, he keeps. Shak.

4. To take care; to be solicitous; to watch. [Obs.]

Keep that the lusts choke not the word of God that is in us. Tyndale.

5. To be in session; as, school keeps to-day. [Colloq.] To keep from, to abstain or refrain from. -- To keep in with, to keep on good terms with; as, to keep in with an opponent. -- To keep on, to go forward; to proceed; to continue to advance. -- To keep to, to adhere strictly to; not to neglect or deviate from; as, to keep to old customs; to keep to a rule; to keep to one's word or promise. -- To keep up, to remain unsubdued; also, not to be confined to one's bed.

Keep

Keep, n.

1. The act or office of keeping; custody; guard; care; heed; charge. Chaucer.

Pan, thou god of shepherds all, Which of our tender lambkins takest keep. Spenser.

2. The state of being kept; hence, the resulting condition; case; as, to be in good keep.

3. The means or provisions by which one is kept; maintenance; support; as, the keep of a horse.

Grass equal to the keep of seven cows. Carlyle.
I performed some services to the college in return for my keep. T. Hughes.

4. That which keeps or protects; a stronghold; a fortress; a castle; specifically, the strongest and securest part of a castle, often used as a place of residence by the lord of the castle, especially during a siege; the donjon. See Illust. of Castle.

The prison strong, Within whose keep the captive knights were laid. Dryden.
The lower chambers of those gloomy keeps. Hallam.
I think . . . the keep, or principal part of a castle, was so called because the lord and his domestic circle kept, abode, or lived there. M. A. Lower.

5. That which is kept in charge; a charge. [Obs.]

Often he used of his keep A sacrifice to bring. Spenser.

6. (Mach.) A cap for retaining anything, as a journal box, in place. To take keep, to take care; to heed. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Keeper

Keep"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, keeps; one who, or that which, holds or has possession of anything.

2. One who retains in custody; one who has the care of a prison and the charge of prisoners.

3. One who has the care, custody, or superintendence of anything; as, the keeper of a park, a pound, of sheep, of a gate, etc. ; the keeper of attached property; hence, one who saves from harm; a defender; a preserver.

The Lord is thy keeper. Ps. cxxi. 6.

4. One who remains or keeps in a place or position.

Discreet; chaste; keepers at home. Titus ii. 5.

5. A ring, strap, clamp, or any device for holding an object in place; as: (a) The box on a door jamb into which the bolt of a lock protrudes, when shot. (b) A ring serving to keep another ring on the finger. (c) A loop near the buckle of a strap to receive the end of the strap.

6. A fruit that keeps well; as, the Roxbury Russet is a good keeper. Downing. Keeper of the forest (O. Eng. Law), an officer who had the principal government of all things relating to the forest. -- Keeper of the great seal, a high officer of state, who has custody of the great seal. The office is now united with that of lord chancellor. [Eng.] -- Keeper of the King's conscience, the lord chancellor; -- a name given when the chancellor was an ecclesiastic. [Eng.] -- Keeper of the privy seal (styled also lord privy seal), a high officer of state, through whose hands pass all charters, pardons, etc., before they come to the great seal. He is a privy councillor, and was formerly called clerk of the privy seal. [Eng.] -- Keeper of a magnet, a piece of iron which connects the two poles, for the purpose of keeping the magnetic power undiminished; an armature.

Keepership

Keep"er*ship (?), n. The office or position of a keeper. Carew.

Keeping

Keep"ing, n.

1. A holding; restraint; custody; guard; charge; care; preservation.

His happiness is in his own keeping. South.

2. Maintenance; support; provision; feed; as, the cattle have good keeping.

The work of many hands, which earns my keeping. Milton.

3. Conformity; congruity; harmony; consistency; as, these subjects are in keeping with each other.

4. (Paint.) Harmony or correspondence between the different parts of a work of art; as, the foreground of this painting is not in keeping. Keeping room, a family sitting room. [New Eng. & Prov. Eng.] Syn. -- Care; guardianship; custody; possession.

Keepsake

Keep"sake` (?), n. Anything kept, or given to be kept, for the sake of the giver; a token of friendship.

Keesh

Keesh (?), n. See Kish.

Keeve

Keeve (?), n. [AS. c, fr. L. cupa a tub, cask; also, F. cuve. Cf. Kive, Coop.]

1. (Brewing) A vat or tub in which the mash is made; a mash tub. Ure.

2. (Bleaching) A bleaching vat; a kier.

3. (Mining) A large vat used in dressing ores.

Keeve

Keeve, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Keeved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Keeving.]

1. To set in a keeve, or tub, for fermentation.

2. To heave; to tilt, as a cart. [Prov. Eng.]

Keever

Keev"er (?), n. See Keeve, n.

Keffe-kil

Kef"fe-kil (?), n. (Min.) See Kiefekil.

Keg

Keg (?), n. [Earlier cag, Icel. kaggi; akin to Sw. kagge.] A small cask or barrel.

Keilhau-ite

Keil"hau-ite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral of a brownish black color, related to titanite in form. It consists chiefly of silica, titanium dioxide, lime, and yttria.

Keir

Keir (?), n. See Kier.

Keitloa

Keit*lo"a (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A black, two-horned, African rhinoceros (Atelodus keitloa). It has the posterior horn about as long as the anterior one, or even longer.

Keld

Keld (?), a. [Cf. Cavl.] Having a kell or covering; webbed. [Obs.] Drayton.

Kele

Kele (?), v. t. [See Keel to cool.] To cool. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kell

Kell (?), n. A kiln. [Obs.]

Kell

Kell, n. [A modification of kale.] A sort of pottage; kale. See Kale, 2. Ainsworth.

Kell

Kell, n. [Cf. Caul.]

1. The caul; that which covers or envelops as a caul; a net; a fold; a film. [Obs.]

I'll have him cut to the kell. Beau. & Fl.

2. The cocoon or chrysalis of an insect. B. Jonson.

Keloid

Ke"loid (?), a. [Gr. -oid
.]
(Med.) Applied to a variety of tumor forming hard, flat, irregular excrescences upon the skin. -- n. A keloid tumor.

Kelotomy

Ke*lot"o*my (?), n. (Med.) See Celotomy.

Kelp

Kelp (?), n. [Formerly kilpe; of unknown origin.]

1. The calcined ashes of seaweed, -- formerly much used in the manufacture of glass, now used in the manufacture of iodine.

2. (Bot.) Any large blackish seaweed. &hand; Laminaria is the common kelp of Great Britain; Macrocystis pyrifera and Nereocystis Lutkeana are the great kelps of the Pacific Ocean. Kelp crab (Zo\'94l.), a California spider crab (Epialtus productus), found among seaweeds, which it resembles in color. -- Kelp salmon (Zo\'94l.), a serranoid food fish (Serranus clathratus) of California. See Cabrilla.

Kelpfish

Kelp"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small California food fish (Heterostichus rostratus), living among kelp. The name is also applied to species of the genus Platyglossus.

Kelpie, Kelpy

Kel"pie, Kel"py, n.; pl. Kelpies (#). [Cf. Gael. cailpeach, calpach, colpach, a heifer, steer, colt, colpa a cow or horse.] (Scotch Myth.) An imaginary spirit of the waters, horselike in form, vulgarly believed to warn, by preternatural noises and lights, those who are to be drowned. Jamieson.

Kelpware

Kelp"ware` (?), n. Same as Kelp, 2.

Kelson

Kel"son (?), n. See Keelson. Sir W. Raleigh.

Kelt

Kelt (?), n. See Kilt, n. Jamieson.

Kelt

Kelt, n. [Cf. Icel. kult quilt.] Cloth with the nap, generally of native black wool. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Kelt

Kelt, n. A salmon after spawning. [Scot.]

Kelt

Kelt, n. Same as Celt, one of Celtic race.

Kelter

Kel"ter (?), n. [Cf. Gael. & Ir. cealt clothes, Gael. cealltair spear, castle, cause, Prov. E. kilter tool, instrument. Cf. Kilt.] Regular order or proper condition. [Written also kilter.] [>Colloq.]
If the organs of prayer be out of kelter or out of tune, how can we pray? Barrow.
<-- now most commonly out of kilter -->

Keltic

Kelt"ic (?), a. & n. Same as Celtic, a. & n.

Kemb

Kemb (?), n. t. [imp. & p. p. Kembed (?) or Kempt (p. pr. & vb. n.
Kembing.] [OE.kemben, AS. cemban, fr. camb comb.] To comb. [Obs.]
His longe hair was kembed behind his back. Chaucer.

Kemelin

Kem"e*lin (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E.kemlin, kimlin, kimmel, a salting tub, any tub, kembing a brewing tub, G. kumme bowl, basin, W. cwmman a tub, brewing tub.] A tub; a brewer's vessel. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kemp, Kempty

Kemp (?), Kemp"ty (?), n. Coarse, rough hair wool or fur, injuring its quality.

Kempe

Kem"pe (?), a.Rough; shaggy. [Obs.] "Kempe hairs." Chaucer.

Kemps

Kemps (?), n. pl. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Bot.) The long flower stems of the ribwort plantain (Plantago Lanceolata). Dr. Prior.

Kempt

Kempt (?), p. p. of Kemb. B. Jonson.

Ken

Ken (?), n. [Perh. from kennel.] A house; esp., one which is a resort for thieves. [Slang, Eng.]

Ken

Ken, n. t. [imp. & p. p. Kenned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kenning.] [OE.kennen to teach, make known, know, AS. cennan to make known, proclaim, or rather from the related Icel. kenna to know; akin to D. & G. kennen to know, Goth. kannjan to make known; orig., a causative corresponding to AS. cunnan to know, Goth. kunnan. &root;45. See Can to be able, Know.]

1. To know; to understand; to take cognizance of. [Archaic or Scot.]

2. To recognize; to descry; to discern. [Archaic or Scot.] "We ken them from afar." Addison

'T is he. I ken the manner of his gait. Shak.

Ken

Ken, v. i. To look around. [Obs.] Burton.

Ken

Ken, n. Cognizance; view; especially, reach of sight or knowledge. "Beyond his ken." Longfellow.
Above the reach and ken of a mortal apprehension. South.
It was relief to quit the ken And the inquiring looks of men. Trench.

Kendal green, ∨ Kendal

Ken"dal green` (?), ∨ Ken"dal.A cloth colored green by dye obtained from the woad-waxen, formerly used by Flemish weavers at Kendal, in Westmoreland, England. J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).
How couldst thou know these men in Kendal green ? Shak.

Kennel

Ken"nel (?), n. [See Channel, Canal.] The water course of a street; a little canal or channel; a gutter; also, a puddle. Bp. Hall.

Kennel

Ken"nel, n. [OE.kenel, (assumed) OF. kenil, F. chenil, LL. canile, fr. L. canis a dog. Cf. Canine.]

1. A house for a dog or for dogs, or for a pack of hounds.

A dog sure, if he could speak, had wit enough to describe his kennel. Sir P. Sidney.

2. A pack of hounds, or a collection of dogs. Shak.

3. The hole of a fox or other beast; a haunt.

Kennel

Ken"nel, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kenneled (?) or Kennelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Kennelling.] To lie or lodge; to dwell, as a dog or a fox.
The dog kenneled in a hollow tree. L'Estrange.

Kennel

Ken"nel, v. t. To put or keep in a kennel. Thomson.

Kennel coal

Ken"nel coal` (?). See Cannel coal.

Kenning

Ken"ning (?), n. [See Ken, v. t.]

1. Range of sight. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. The limit of vision at sea, being a distance of about twenty miles.

Keno

Ke"no (?), n. [F. quine five winning numbers, fr. L. quini five each, quinque five. See Five.] A gambling game, a variety of the game of lotto, played with balls or knobs, numbered, and cards also numbered. [U. S.]

Kenogenesis

Ken`o*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Gr. genesis.] (Biol.) Modified evolution, in which nonprimitive characters make their appearance in consequence of a secondary adaptation of the embryo to the peculiar conditions of its environment; -- distinguished from palingenesis. [Written also c\'91nogenesis.]

Kenogenetic

Ken`o*ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to kenogenesis; as, kenogenetic processes. -- Ken`o*ge*net"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

Kenspeckle

Ken"spec`kle (?), a. Having so marked an appearance as easily to be recognized. [Scot.]

Kent bugle

Kent" bu"gle (?). [Probably named after a Duke of Kent.] (Mus.) A curved bugle, having six finger keys or stops, by means of which the performer can play upon every key in the musical scale; -- called also keyed bugle, and key bugle. Moore.

Kentle

Ken"tle (?), n. [From Quintal.] (Com.) A hundred weight; a quintal.

Kentledge

Kent"ledge (?), n. [OF. cant edge, corner, D.kant. See Cant edge, angle.] (Naut.) Pigs of iron used for ballast. [Written also kintlidge.]

Kentucky

Ken*tuck"y (?), n. One of the United States. Kentucky blue grass (Bot.), a valuable pasture and meadow grass (Poa pratensis), found in both Europe and America. See under Blue grass. -- Kentucky coffee tree (Bot.), a tall North American tree (Gymnocladus Canadensis) with bipinnate leaves. It produces large woody pods containing a few seeds which have been used as a substitute for coffee. The timber is a very valuable.

Kephalin

Keph"a*lin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) One of a group of nitrogenous phosphorized principles, supposed by Thudichum to exist in brain tissue.

Kept

Kept (?), imp. & p. p. of Keep. Kept mistress, a concubine; a woman supported by a man as his paramour.

Keramic

Ke*ram"ic (?), a. Same as Ceramic.

Keramics

Ke*ram"ics (?), n. Same as Ceramics.

Keramographic

Ker`a*mo*graph"ic (?), a. [Gr. graph + ic.] Suitable to be written upon; capable of being written upon, as a slate; -- said especially of a certain kind of globe. Scudamore.

Kerana

Ke*ra"na (?), n. (Mus.) A kind of long trumpet, used among the Persians. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

Kerargyrite

Ke*rar"gy*rite (?), n. See Cerargyrite.

Kerasin

Ker"a*sin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous substance free from phosphorus, supposed to be present in the brain; a body closely related to cerebrin.

Kerasine

Ker"a*sine (?), a. [Gr. Resembling horn; horny; corneous.

Keratin

Ker"a*tin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous substance, or mixture of substances, containing sulphur in a loose state of combination, and forming the chemical basis of epidermal tissues, such as horn, hair, feathers, and the like. It is an insoluble substance, and, unlike elastin, is not dissolved even by gastric or pancreatic juice. By decomposition with sulphuric acid it yields leucin and tyrosin, as does albumin. Called also epidermose.<-- a sulfur-containing fibrous proein. -->

Keratitis

Ker`a*ti"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the cornea.

Keratode

Ker"a*tode (?), n. See Keratose.

Keratogenous

Ker`a*tog"e*nous (?), a. [Gr. -genous.] Producing horn; as, the keratogenous membrane within the horny hoof of the horse.

Keratoidea

Ker`a*toi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Keratosa.

Keratome

Ker"a*tome (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) An instrument for dividing the cornea in operations for cataract.

Keratonyxis

Ker`a*to*nyx"is (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) The operation of removing a cataract by thrusting a needle through the cornea of the eye, and breaking up the opaque mass.

Keratophyte

Ker"a*to*phyte (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A gorgonian coral having a horny axis.

Keratosa

Ker`a*to"sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of sponges having a skeleton composed of hornlike fibers. It includes the commercial sponges.

Keratose

Ker"a*tose` (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A tough, horny animal substance entering into the composition of the skeleton of sponges, and other invertebrates; -- called also keratode.

Keratose

Ker"a*tose`, a. (Zo\'94l.) Containing hornlike fibers or fibers of keratose; belonging to the Keratosa.

Keraunograph

Ke*rau"no*graph (?), n. [Gr. graph.] A figure or picture impressed by lightning upon the human body or elsewhere. -- Ker`au-nog"ra-phy (#), n.

Kerb

Kerb (?), n. See Curb.

Kerbstone

Kerb"stone` (?), n. See Curbstone.

Kercher

Ker"cher (?), n. A kerchief. [Obs.]
He became . . . white as a kercher. Sir T. North.

Kerchered

Ker"chered (?), a. Covered, or bound round, with a kercher. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

Kerchief

Ker"chief (?), n.; pl. Kerchiefs (#). [OE. coverchef, OF. cuevrechief, couvrechef, F. couvrechef, a head covering, fr. couvrir to cover + OF. chief head, F. chef. See Cover, Chief, and cf. Curfew.]

1. A square of fine linen worn by women as a covering for the head; hence, anything similar in form or material, worn for ornament on other parts of the person; -- mostly used in compounds; as, neckerchief; breastkerchief; and later, handkerchief.

He might put on a hat, a muffler, and a kerchief, and so escape. Shak.
Her black hair strained away To a scarlet kerchief caught beneath her chin. Mrs. Browning.

2. A lady who wears a kerchief. Dryden.

Kerchiefed, Kerchieft

Ker"chiefed, Ker"chieft (?), a. Dressed; hooded; covered; wearing a kerchief. Milton.

Kerf

Kerf (?), n. [AS. cyrf a cutting off, fr. ceorfan to cut, carve. See Carve.] A notch, channel, or slit made in any material by cutting or sawing.

Kerite

Ke"rite (?), n. [Gr. A compound in which tar or asphaltum combined with animal or vegetable oils is vulcanized by sulphur, the product closely resembling rubber; -- used principally as an insulating material in telegraphy. Knight.

Kerl

Kerl (?), n. See Carl.

Kermes

Ker"mes (?), n. [Ar. & Per. girmiz. See Crimson, and cf. Alkermes.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) The dried bodies of the females of a scale insect (Coccus ilicis), allied to the cochineal insect, and found on several species of oak near the Mediterranean. They are round, about the size of a pea, contain coloring matter analogous to carmine, and are used in dyeing. They were anciently thought to be of a vegetable nature, and were used in medicine. [Written also chermes.]

2. (Bot.) A small European evergreen oak (Quercus coccifera) on which the kermes insect (Coccus ilicis) feeds. J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants). Kermes mineral. (a) (Old Chem.) An artificial amorphous trisulphide of antimony; -- so called on account of its red color. (b) (Med. Chem.) A compound of the trioxide and trisulphide of antimony, used in medicine. This substance occurs in nature as the mineral kermesite.

Kermesse

Ker"messe (?), n. [F.] See Kirmess.

Kern

Kern (?), n. [Ir.ceatharnach.Cf. Cateran. ]

1. A light-armed foot soldier of the ancient militia of Ireland and Scotland; -- distinguished from gallowglass, and often used as a term of contempt. Macaulay.

Now for our Irish wars; We must supplant those rough, rug-headed kerns. Shak.

2. Any kind of boor or low-lived person. [Obs.] Blount.

3. (O. Eng. Law) An idler; a vagabond. Wharton.

Kern

Kern, n. (Type Founding) A part of the face of a type which projects beyond the body, or shank.

Kern

Kern, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kerned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kerning. ] (Type Founding) To form with a kern. See 2d Kern.

Kern

Kern, n. [See Churn. ] A churn. [Prov. Eng.]

Kern

Kern, n. [AS. cweorn, cwyrn. See Quern. ] A hand mill. See Quern. Johnson.

Kern

Kern, v. i. [Cf. G. kern kernel, grain; akin to E. corn. See Corn, Kernel. ]

1. To harden, as corn in ripening. [Obs.] Carew.

2. To take the form of kernels; to granulate. [Obs.]

It is observed that rain makes the salt kern. Dampier.

Kerned

Kerned (?), a. (Print.) Having part of the face projecting beyond the body or shank; -- said of type. "In Roman, f and j are the only kerned letters." MacKellar.

Kernel

Ker"nel (?), n. [OE. kernel, kirnel, curnel, AS.cyrnel, fr. corn grain. See Corn, and cf. Kern to harden.]

1. The essential part of a seed; all that is within the seed walls; the edible substance contained in the shell of a nut; hence, anything included in a shell, husk, or integument; as, the kernel of a nut. See Illust. of Endocarp.

' A were as good crack a fusty nut with no kernel Shak.

2. A single seed or grain; as, a kernel of corn.

3. A small mass around which other matter is concreted; a nucleus; a concretion or hard lump in the flesh.

4. The central, substantial or essential part of anything; the gist; the core; as, the kernel of an argument.

Kernel

Ker"nel, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kerneled (?)Kernelled; p. pr. & vb. n. KernelingKernelling.] To harden or ripen into kernels; to produce kernels.

Kerneled, Kernelled

Ker"neled, Ker"nelled (?), a. Having a kernel.

Kernelly

Ker"nel*ly (?), a. Full of kernels; resembling kernels; of the nature of kernels. Holland.

Kerish

Ker"ish (?), a. [From Kern a boor.] Clownish; booorish. [Obs.] "A petty kernish prince." Milton.

Kerolite

Ker"o*lite (?), n. (Min.) Same as Cerolite.

Kerosene

Ker"o*sene` (?), n. [Gr. An oil used for illuminating purposes, formerly obtained from the distillation of mineral wax, bituminous shale, etc., and hence called also coal oil. It is now produced in immense quantities, chiefly by the distillation and purification of petroleum. It consists chiefly of several hydrocarbons of the methane series.

Kers, Kerse

Kers, Kerse (?), n. A cress. [Obs.] Chaucer. Not worth a kers. See under Cress.

Kersey

Ker"sey (?), n.; pl. Kerseys (#). [Prob. from the town of Kersey in Suffolk, Eng.] A kind of coarse, woolen cloth, usually ribbed, woven from wool of long staple.

Kerseymere

Ker"sey*mere (?), n. [For cassimere, confounded with kersey.] See Cassimere.

Kerseynette

Ker`sey*nette" (?), n. See Cassinette.

Kerve

Kerve (?), v. t. To carve. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kerver

Kerv"er (?), n. A carver. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kesar

Ke"sar (?), n. See Kaiser [Obs.] Spenser.

Keslop

Kes"lop (?), n. [AS.c, or c, milk curdled; cf. G. k\'84selab, k\'84selippe. See Cheese, and cf.Cheeselep.] The stomach of a calf, prepared for rennet. Halliwell.

Kess

Kess (?), v. t. To kiss. [Obs.] Chaucer

Kest

Kest (?), imp. of Cast. [Obs.]

Kestrel

Kes"trel (?), n. [See Castrel.] (Zo\'94l.) A small, slender European hawk (Falco alaudarius), allied to the sparrow hawk. Its color is reddish fawn, streaked and spotted with white and black. Also called windhover and stannel. The name is also applied to other allied species. &hand; This word is often used in contempt, as of a mean kind of hawk. "Kites and kestrels have a resemblance with hawks." Bacon.

Ket

Ket (?), n. [Icel. kj\'94t flesh; akin to Sw. k\'94tt, Dan. kj\'94d.] Carrion; any filth. [Prob. Eng.] Halliwell.

Ketch

Ketch (?), n. [Prob. corrupted fr. Turk. q\'beiq : cf. F. caiche. Cf. Ca\'8bque.] (Naut.) An almost obsolete form of vessel, with a mainmast and a mizzenmast, -- usually from one hundred to two hundred and fifty tons burden. Bomb ketch. See under Bomb.

Ketch

Ketch, n. A hangman. See Jack Ketch.

Ketch

Ketch, v. t. [See Catch.] To catch. [Now obs. in spelling, and colloq. in pronunciation.]
To ketch him at a vantage in his snares. Spenser.

Ketchup

Ketch"up (?), n. A sauce. See Catchup.

Ketine

Ke"tine (?), n. [See Ketone.] (Chem.) One of a series of organic bases obtained by the reduction of certain isonitroso compounds of the ketones. In general they are unstable oily substances having a pungent aromatic odor.

Ketmie

Ket`mie" (?), n. (Bot.) The name of certain African species of Hibiscus, cultivated for the acid of their mucilage. [Written also ketmia.]

Ketol

Ke"tol (?), n. [Ketone + indol.] (Chem.) One of a series of series of complex nitrogenous substances, represented by methyl ketol and related to indol. Methyl ketol, a weak organic base, obtained as a white crystalline substance having the odor of f\'91ces.

Ketone

Ke"tone (?), n. [Cf. Acetone.] (Chem.) One of a large class of organic substances resembling the aldehydes, obtained by the distillation of certain salts of organic acids and consisting of carbonyl (CO) united with two hydrocarbon radicals. In general the ketones are colorless volatile liquids having a pungent ethereal odor. &hand; The ketones are named by adding the suffix-one to the stems of the organic acids from which they are respectively derived; thus, acetic acid gives acetone; butyric acid, butyrone, etc.

Ketonic

Ke*ton"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, a ketone; as, a ketonic acid.

Kettle

Ket"tle (?), n. [OE. ketel; cf. AS. cetel, cetil, cytel; akin to D. kjedel, G. kessel, OHG. chezzil, Icel. ketill, SW. kittel, Dan. kjedel, Goth. katils; all perh. fr. L. catillus, dim. of catinus a deep vessel, bowl; but cf. also OHG. chezz\'c6 kettle, Icel. kati small ship.] A metallic vessel, with a wide mouth, often without a cover, used for heating and boiling water or other liguids. Kettle pins, ninepins; skittles. [Obs.] Shelton. -- Kettle stitch (Bookbinding), the stitch made in sewing at the head and tail of a book. Knight.

Kettledrum

Ket"tle*drum` (?), n.

1. (Mus.) A drum made of thin copper in the form of a hemispherical kettle, with parchment stretched over the mouth of it. &hand; Kettledrums, in pairs, were formerly used in martial music for cavalry, but are now chiefly confined to orchestras, where they are called tympani.

2. An informal social party at which a light collation is offered, held in the afternoon or early evening. Cf. Drum, n., 4 and 5.

Kettledrummer

Ket"tle*drum`mer (?), n. One who plays on a kettledrum.

Keuper

Keu"per (?), n. [G.] (Geol.) The upper division of the European Triassic. See Chart of Geology.

Kevel

Kev"el (?), n. [Prov. E. kevil, cavel, rod, pole, a large hammer, horse's bit; cf. Icel. kefli cylinder, a stick, mangle, and Dan. kievle a roller.]

1. (Naut.) A strong cleat to which large ropes are belayed.

2. A stone mason's hammer. [Written also cavil.] Kevel head (Naut.), a projecting end of a timber, used as a kevel.

Kevel, Kevin

Kev"el, Kev"in (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The gazelle.

Kever

Kev"er (?), v. t. & i. To cover. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Keverchief

Kev"er*chief (?), n. A kerchief. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kex

Kex (?), n. [W. cecys, pl., hollow stalks.]

1. (Bot.) A weed; a kecksy. Bp. Gauden.

Though the rough kex break The starred mosaic. Tennyson.

2. A dry husk or covering.

When the kex, or husk, is broken, he proveth a fair flying butterfly. Holland.

Key

Key (?), n. [OE. keye, key, kay, AS. c

1. An instrument by means of which the bolt of a lock is shot or drawn; usually, a removable metal instrument fitted to the mechanism of a particular lock and operated by turning in its place.

2. An instrument which is turned like a key in fastening or adjusting any mechanism; as, a watch key; a bed key, etc.

3. That part of an instrument or machine which serves as the means of operating it; as, a telegraph key; the keys of a pianoforte, or of a typewriter.

4. A position or condition which affords entrance, control, pr possession, etc.; as, the key of a line of defense; the key of a country; the key of a political situation. Hence, that which serves to unlock, open, discover, or solve something unknown or difficult; as, the key to a riddle; the key to a problem.

Those who are accustomed to reason have got the true key of books. Locke.
Who keeps the keys of all the creeds. Tennyson.

5. That part of a mechanism which serves to lock up, make fast, or adjust to position.

6. (Arch.) (a) A piece of wood used as a wedge. (b) The last board of a floor when laid down.

7. (Masonry) (a) A keystone. (b) That part of the plastering which is forced through between the laths and holds the rest in place.

8. (Mach.) (a) A wedge to unite two or more pieces, or adjust their relative position; a cotter; a forelock. See Illusts. of Cotter, and Gib. (b) A bar, pin or wedge, to secure a crank, pulley, coupling, etc., upon a shaft, and prevent relative turning; sometimes holding by friction alone, but more frequently by its resistance to shearing, being usually embedded partly in the shaft and partly in the crank, pulley, etc.

9. (Bot.) An indehiscent, one-seeded fruit furnished with a wing, as the fruit of the ash and maple; a samara; -- called also key fruit.

10. (Mus.) (a) A family of tones whose regular members are called diatonic tones, and named key tone (or tonic) or one (or eight), mediant or three, dominant or five, subdominant or four, submediant or six, supertonic or two, and subtonic or seven. Chromatic tones are temporary members of a key, under such names as " sharp four," "flat seven," etc. Scales and tunes of every variety are made from the tones of a key. (b) The fundamental tone of a movement to which its modulations are referred, and with which it generally begins and ends; keynote.

Both warbling of one song, both in one key. Shak.

11. Fig: The general pitch or tone of a sentence or utterance.

You fall at once into a lower key. Cowper.
Key bed. Same as Key seat. -- Key bolt, a bolt which has a mortise near the end, and is secured by a cotter or wedge instead of a nut. Key bugle. See Kent bugle. -- Key of a position ∨ country. (Mil.) See Key, 4. -- Key seat (Mach.), a bed or groove to receive a key which prevents one part from turning on the other. -- Key way, a channel for a key, in the hole of a piece which is keyed to a shaft; an internal key seat; -- called also key seat. -- Key wrench (Mach.), an adjustable wrench in which the movable jaw is made fast by a key. -- Power of the keys (Eccl.), the authority claimed by the ministry in some Christian churches to administer the discipline of the church, and to grant or withhold its privileges; -- so called from the declaration of Christ, "I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven." Matt. xvi. 19.

Key

Key (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Keved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Keying.] To fasten or secure firmly; to fasten or tighten with keys or wedges. Francis. To key up. (a) (Arch.) To raise (the whole ring of an arch) off its centering, by driving in the keystone forcibly. (b) (Mus.) To raise the pitch of. (c) Hence, fig., to produce nervous tension in.

Keyage

Key"age (?), n. [OF.caiage, F. guayage. See lst Key, Quay.] Wharfage; quayage.

Keyboard

Key"board` (?), n. The whole arrangement, or one range, of the keys of an organ, typewriter, etc.

Key-cold

Key"-cold` (?), a. Cold as a metallic key; lifeless. [Formerly, a proverbial expression.] Shak. Milton.

Keyed

Keyed (k&emac;d), a. Furnished with keys; as, a keyed instrument; also, set to a key, as a tune. Keyed bugle. See Kent bugle.

Keyhole

Key"hole` (?), n.

1. A hole or apertupe in a door or lock, for receiving a key.

2. (a) (Carp.) A hole or excavation in beams intended to be joined together, to receive the key which fastens them. (b) (Mach.) a mortise for a key or cotter. Keyhole limpet (Zo\'94l.), a marine gastropod of the genus Fissurella and allied genera. See Fissurella. -- Keyhole saw, a narrow, slender saw, used in cutting keyholes, etc., as in doors; a kind of compass saw or fret saw. -- Keyhole urchin (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous clypeastroid sea urchins, of the genera Melitta, Rotula, and Encope; -- so called because they have one or more perforations resembling keyholes.

Keynote

Key"note` (?), n.

1. (Mus.) The tonic or first tone of the scale in which a piece or passage is written; the fundamental tone of the chord, to which all the modulations of the piece are referred; -- called also key tone.

2. The fundamental fact or idea; that which gives the key; as, the keynote of a policy or a sermon.

Keyseat

Key"seat` (?), v. t. To form a key seat, as by cutting. See Key seat, under Key.

Keystone

Key"stone` (?), n. (Arch.) The central or topmost stone of an arch. This in some styles is made different in size from the other voussoirs, or projects, or is decorated with carving. See Illust. of Arch. Keystone State, the State of Pennsylvania; -- so called from its having been the central State of the Union at the formation of the Constitution.

Key tone

Key" tone` (?). (Mus.) See Keynote.

Keyway

Key"way` (?), n. See Key way, under Key.

Khaliff

Kha"liff (?), n. See Caliph.

Khamsin

Kham*sin` (?), n. Same as Kamsin.

Khan

Khan (?), n. [Pers. & Tart. kh\'ben.] [Also kan, kaun.] A king; a prince; a chief; a governor; -- so called among the Tartars, Turks, and Persians, and in countries now or formerly governed by them.

Khan

Khan, n. [Per. kh\'ben, kh\'benah, house, tent, inn.] An Eastern inn or caravansary. [Written also kawn.]

Khanate

Khan*ate (, n. Dominion or jurisdiction of a khan.

Khaya

Kha"ya (?), n. (Bot.) A lofty West African tree (Khaya Senegalensis), related to the mahogany, which it resembles in the quality of the wood. The bark is used as a febrifuge.

Khedive

Khe`dive" (?), n. [F. kh\'82dive, Pers. khediw a prince.] A governor or viceroy; -- a title granted in 1867 by the sultan of Turkey to the ruler of Egypt.

Khenna

Khen"na (?), n. See Henna.

Kholah

Kho"lah (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The Indian jackal.

Kholsun

Khol"sun (, n. (Zo\'94l.) The dhole.

Khutbah

Khut"bah (?), n. [Ar.] An address or public prayer read from the steps of the pulpit in Mohammedan mosques, offering glory to God, praising Mohammed and his descendants, and the ruling princes.

Kiabooca wood

Ki`a*boo"ca wood` (?). See Kyaboca wood.

Kiang

Ki*ang" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The dziggetai.

Kibble

Kib"ble (?), v. t. To bruise; to grind coarsely; as, kibbled oats. [Prov.Eng.] Halliwell.

Kibble

Kib"ble, n. A large iron bucket used in Cornwall and Wales for raising ore out of mines. [Prov. Eng.] [Written also kibbal.]

Kibblings

Kib"blings (?), n. pl. Portions of small fish used for bait on the banks of Newfoundland.

Kibe

Kibe (?), n. [W. cib + gwst pain, sickness.] A chap or crack in the flesh occasioned by cold; an ulcerated chilblain. "He galls his kibe." Shak.

Kibed

Kibed (?), a. Chapped; cracked with cold; affected with chilblains; as kibed heels. Beau. & Fl.

Kibitka

Ki*bit"ka (?), n.; pl. Kibitkas (. [Russ.]

1. A tent used by the Kirghiz Tartars.

2. A rude kind of Russian vehicle, on wheels or on runners, sometimes covered with cloth or leather, and often used as a movable habitation.

Kiblah

Kib"lah (, n. See Keblah.

Kiby

Kib"y (?), a. Affected with kibes. Skelton.

Kichil

Kich"il (?),. [Obs.] See Kechil. Chaucer.

Kick

Kick (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kicred (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Kicking.] [W. cicio, fr. cic foot.] To strike, thrust, or hit violently with the foot; as, a horse kicks a groom; a man kicks a dog.
He [Frederick the Great] kicked the shins of his judges. Macaulay.
To kick the beam, to fit up and strike the beam; -- said of the lighter arm of a loaded balance; hence, to be found wanting in weight. Milton. -- To kick the bucket, to lose one's life; to die. [Colloq. & Low]

Kick

Kick, v. i.

1. To thrust out the foot or feet with violence; to strike out with the foot or feet, as in defense or in bad temper; esp., to strike backward, as a horse does, or to have a habit of doing so. Hence, figuratively: To show ugly resistance, opposition, or hostility; to spurn.

I should kick, being kicked. Shak.

2. To recoil; -- said of a musket, cannon, etc.<-- also kicj back -->

Kick

Kick, n.

1. A blow with the foot or feet; a striking or thrust with the foot.

A kick, that scarce would more a horse, May kill a sound divine. Cowper.

2. The projection on the tang of the blade of a pocket knife, which prevents the edge of the blade from striking the spring. See Illust. of Pocketknife.

3. (Brickmaking) A projection in a mold, to form a depression in the surface of the brick.

4. The recoil of a musket or other firearm, when discharged.

Kickable

Kick"a*ble (?), a. Capable or deserving of being kicked. "A kickable boy." G. Eliot.

Kickapoos

Kick`a*poos" (?), n. pl.; sing. Kickapoo (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians which formerly occupied the region of Northern Illinois, allied in language to the Sacs and Foxes. <-- kickback. n. recoil, of a gun or machine, as in older automobile engines when started by turning a crank. 2. a secret, and usually illegal, payment, by a recipient of money paid for goods or services, to a facilitator of the transaction, of a portion of that money. -->

Kicker

Kick"er, n. One who, or that which, kicks.

Kickshaw

Kick"shaw` (?), n. See Kickshaws, the correct singular.

Kickshaws

Kick"shaws` (?), n.; pl. Kickshawses (#) [Corrupt. fr. F. guelgue chose something, fr. L. gualis of what kind (akin to E. which) + suffix -guam + causa cause, in LL., a thing. See Which, and Cause.]

1. Something fantastical; any trifling, trumpery thing; a toy.

Art thou good at these kickshawses! Shak.

2. A fancy dish; a titbit; a delicacy.

Some pigeons, . . . a joint of mutton, and any pretty little tiny kickshaws. Shak.
Cressy was lost by kickshaws and soup-maigre. Fenton.

Kickshoe

Kick"shoe` (?), n. A kickshaws. Milton.

Kicksy-wicksy, Kicky-wisky

Kick"sy-wick`sy (?), Kick"y-wisk`y (?), n. That which is restless and uneasy. &hand; Kicky-wicky, or, in some editions, Kicksy-wicksy, is applied contemptuously to a wife by Shakespeare, in "All's Well that Ends Well," ii. 3, 297.

Kicksy-wicksy

Kick"sy-wick`sy, a. Fantastic; restless; as, kicksy-wicksy flames. Nares.

Kickup

Kick"up (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The water thrush or accentor. [Local, West Indies]

Kid

Kid (?), n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. ki, Dan. & Sw. kid; akin to OHG. kizzi, G. kitz, kitzchen, kitzlein.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A young goat.

The . . . leopard shall lie down with the kid. Is. xi. 6
.

2. A young child or infant; hence, a simple person, easily imposed on. [Slang] Charles Reade.

3. A kind of leather made of the skin of the young goat, or of the skin of rats, etc.

4. pl. Gloves made of kid. [Colloq. & Low]

5. A small wooden mess tub; -- a name given by sailors to one in which they receive their food. Cooper.

Kid

Kid, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kidded; p. pr. & vb. n. Kidding.] To bring forth a young goat.

Kid

Kid, n. [Cf. W. cidysen.] A fagot; a bundle of heath and furze. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

Kid

Kid, p. p. of Kythe. [Obs.] Gower. Chaucer.

Kid

Kid, v. t. See Kiddy, v. t. [Slang]

Kidde

Kid"de (?), imp. of Kythe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kidderminster

Kid"der*min`ster (?), n. A kind of ingrain carpeting, named from the English town where formerly most of it was manufactured.

Kiddier

Kid"di*er (?), n. [Cf. OSw. kyta to truck.] A huckster; a cadger. [Obs.] Halliwell.

Kiddle

Kid"dle (?), n. [Cf. LL.kidellus, Armor. ki\'beel] A kind of basketwork wear in a river, for catching fish. [Improperly spelled kittle.]

Kiddow

Kid"dow (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The guillemot. [Written also kiddaw.] [Prov. Eng.]

Kiddy

Kid"dy (?), v. t. To deceive; to outwit; to hoax. [Slang] Dickens.

Kiddy

Kid"dy, n. A young fellow; formerly, a low thief. [Slang, Eng.]

Kiddyish

Kid"dy*ish, a. Frolicsome; sportive. [Slang]

Kidfox

Kid"fox` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A young fox Shak.

Kidling

Kid"ling (?), n. [Kid +-ling: cf. Sw. kidling.] A young kid.

Kidnap

Kid"nap` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kidnaped (?) or Kidnapped; p. pr. & vb. n. Kidnaping or Kidnapping.] [Kid a child + Prov. E. nap to seize, to grasp. Cf. Knab, Knap, Nab.] To take (any one) by force or fear, and against one's will, with intent to carry to another place. Abbott.
You may reason or expostulate with the parents, but never attempt to kidnap their children, and to make proselytes of them. Whately.
&hand; Originally used only of stealing children, but now extended in application to any human being, involuntarily abducted.

Kidnaper, ∨ Kidnapper

Kid"nap`er (?), ∨ Kid"nap`per, n. One who steals or forcibly carries away a human being; a manstealer.

Kidney

Kid"ney (?), n.; pl. Kidneys (#). [OE. kidnei, kidnere, from Icel. koi belly, womb (akin to Goth. gipus, AS. cwip womb) + OE. nere kidney; akin to D. nier, G. niere, OHG. nioro, Icel. n, Dan. nyre, Sw. njure, and probably to Gr. (Kite belly.]
Page 813

1. (Anat.) A glandular organ which excretes urea and other waste products from the animal body; a urinary gland. &hand; In man and in other mammals there are two kidneys, one each side of vertebral column in the back part of the abdomen, each kidney being connected with the bladder by a long tube, the ureter, through which the urine is constantly excreted into the bladder to be periodically discharged.

2. Habit; disposition; sort; kind. Shak.

There are in later other decrees, made by popes of another kidney. Barrow.
Millions in the world of this man's kidney. L'Estrange.
Your poets, spendthrifts, and other fools of that kidney, pretend, forsooth, to crack their jokes on prudence. Burns.
&hand; This use of the word perhaps arose from the fact that the kidneys and the fat about them are an easy test of the condition of an animal as to fatness. "Think of that, -- a man of my kidney; -- . . . as subject to heat as butter." Shak.

3. A waiter. [Old Cant] Tatler. Floating kidney. See Wandering kidney, under Wandering. -- Kidney bean (Bot.), a sort of bean; -- so named from its shape. It is of the genus Phaseolus (P. vulgaris). See under Bean. -- Kidney ore (Min.), a variety of hematite or iron sesquioxide, occurring in compact kidney-shaped masses. -- Kidney stone. (Min.) See Nephrite, and Jade. -- Kidney vetch (Bot.), a leguminous herb of Europe and Asia (Anthyllis vulneraria), with cloverlike heads of red or yellow flowers, once used as a remedy for renal disorders, and also to stop the flow of blood from wounds; lady's-fingers.

Kidney-form, Kidney-shaped

Kid"ney-form` (?), Kid"ney-shaped` (?), a. Having the form or shape of a kidney; reniform; as, a kidney-shaped leaf. Gray.

Kidneywort

Kid"ney*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A kind of saxifrage (Saxifrage stellaris). (b) The navelwort.

Kie

Kie (?), n. pl. [Cf. Kee.] Kine; cows. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Kiefekil

Kie"fe*kil (?), n. [Per. keff foam, scum + gil clay, mud.] (Min.) A species of clay; meerschaum. [Also written keffekil.]

Kier

Kier (?), n. [Icel. ker a tub.] (Bleaching) A large tub or vat in which goods are subjected to the action of hot lye or bleaching liquor; -- also called keeve.

Kieselguhr

Kie"sel*guhr` (?), n. [G., fr. kiesel flint + guhr an earthy deposit or sediment in water.] Siliceous earth; specifically, porous infusorial earth, used as an absorbent of nitroglycerin in the manufacture of dynamite.

Kieserite

Kie"ser*ite (?). n. [Named after Prof. Kieser, of Jena.] (Min.) Hydrous sulphate of magnesia found at the salt mines of Stassfurt, Prussian Saxony.

Kieve

Kieve (?), n. See Keeve, n.

Kike

Kike (?), v. i. [Cf. D. kijken, Sw. kika.] To gaze; to stare. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kike

Kike (?), v. t. & i. To kick [Obs.] Chaucer. <-- kike n. derogatory name for a jew. -->

Kilderkin

Kil"der*kin (?), n. [OD. kindeken, kinneken, a small barrel, orig., a little child, fr. kind child; akin to G.kind, and to E. kin.] A small barrel; an old liquid measure containing eighteen English beer gallons, or nearly twenty-two gallons, United States measure. [Written also kinderkin.]

Kill

Kill (?), n. A kiln. [Obs.] Fuller.

Kill

Kill, n. [D. kil.] A channel or arm of the sea; a river; a stream; as, the channel between Staten Island and Bergen Neck is the Kill van Kull, or the Kills; -- used also in composition; as, Schuylkill, Catskill, etc.

Kill

Kill, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Killed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Killing.] [OE. killen, kellen, cullen, to kill, strike; perh. the same word as cwellen, quellen, to kill (cf. Quell), or perh. rather akin to Icel. kolla to hit in the head, harm, kollr top, summit, head, Sw. kulle, D. kollen to kill with the ax.]

1. To deprive of life, animal or vegetable, in any manner or by any means; to render inanimate; to put to death; to slay.

Ah, kill me with thy weapon, not with words ! Shak.

2. To destroy; to ruin; as, to kill one's chances; to kill the sale of a book. "To kill thine honor." Shak.

Her lively color kill'd with deadly cares. Shak.

3. To cause to cease; to quell; to calm; to still; as, in seamen's language, a shower of rain kills the wind.

Be comforted, good madam; the great rage, You see, is killed in him. Shak.

4. To destroy the effect of; to counteract; to neutralize; as, alkali kills acid. To kill time, to busy one's self with something which occupies the attention, or makes the time pass without tediousness. Syn. -- To murder; assassinate; slay; butcher; destroy. -- To Kill, Murder, Assassinate. To kill does not necessarily mean any more than to deprive of life. A man may kill another by accident or in self-defense, without the imputation of guilt. To murder is to kill with malicious forethought and intention. To assassinate is tomurder suddenly and by stealth. The sheriff may kill without murdering; the duelist murders, but does not assassinate his antagonist; the assassin kills and murders.

Killdee, Killdeer

Kill"dee` (?), Kill"deer` (?), n. [So named from its notes.] (Zo\'94l.) A small American plover (\'92gialitis vocifera). &hand; It is dark grayish brown above; the rump and upper tail coverts are yellowish rufous; the belly, throat, and a line over the eyes, white; a ring round the neck and band across the breast, black.

Killer

Kill"er (?), n.

1. One who deprives of life; one who, or that which, kills.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A voracious, toothed whale of the genus Orca, of which several species are known. &hand; The killers have a high dorsal fin, and powerful jaws armed with large, sharp teeth. They capture, and swallow entire, large numbers of seals, porpoises, and dolphins, and are celebrated for their savage, combined attacks upon the right whales, which they are said to mutilate and kill. The common Atlantic species (Orca gladiator), is found both on the European and the American coast. Two species (Orca ater and O. rectipinna) occur on the Pacific coast.

Killesse

Kil*lesse" (?), n. [Cf. Coulisse.] (Arch.) (a) A gutter, groove, or channel. (b) A hipped roof. [Prov. Eng.] Parker.

Killifish

Kil"li*fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several small American cyprinodont fishes of the genus Fundulus and allied genera. They live equally well in fresh and brackish water, or even in the sea. They are usually striped or barred with black. Called also minnow, and brook fish. See Minnow.

Killigrew

Kil"li*grew (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The Cornish chough. See under Chough. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Killikinick

Kil`li*ki*nick" (?), n. See Kinnikinic.

Killing

Kill"ing (?), a. Literally, that kills; having power to kill; fatal; in a colloquial sense, conquering; captivating; irresistible. -- Kill"ing*ly, adv.
Those eyes are made so killing. Pope.
Nothing could be more killingly spoken. Milton.

Kill-joy

Kill"-joy` (?), n. One who causes gloom or grief; a dispiriting person. W. Black.

Killock

Kil"lock (?), n. [Cf. Scot.killick "the flue [fluke] of an anchor." Jamieson.] A small anchor; also, a kind of anchor formed by a stone inclosed by pieces of wood fastened together. [Written also killick.]

Killow

Kil"low (?), n. [Prov. E. kollow the smut or grime on the backs of chimneys.] An earth of a blackish or deep blue color. Woodward.

Kiln

Kiln (?), n. [OE.kilne, kulne, AS. cyln, cylen; akin to Icel. kylna; prob. from the same source as coal. See Coal.]

1. A large stove or oven; a furnace of brick or stone, or a heated chamber, for the purpose of hardening, burning, or drying anything; as, a kiln for baking or hardening earthen vessels; a kiln for drying grain, meal, lumber, etc.; a kiln for calcining limestone.

2. A furnace for burning bricks; a brickkiln.

Kiln-dry

Kiln"-dry` (?), v. t. To dry in a kiln; as, to kiln-dry meal or grain. Mortimer.

Kilnhole

Kiln"hole` (?), n. The mouth or opening of an oven or kiln. Shak.

Kilo

Ki"lo (?), n.; pl. Kilos (#). [F.] An abbreviation of Kilogram.

Kilogram, Kilogramme

Kil"o*gram (?), Kil"o*gramme, n. [F. kilogramme; pref. kilo- (fr. Gr. chi`lioi a thousand ) + gramme. See 3d Gram.] A measure of weight, being a thousand grams, equal to 2.2046 pounds avoirdupois (15,432.34 grains). It is equal to the weight of a cubic decimeter of distilled water at the temperature of maximum density, or 39° Fahrenheit.

Kilogrammeter, Kilogrammetre

Kil"o*gram*me`ter (?), Kil"o*gram*me`tre, n. (Mech.) A measure of energy or work done, being the amount expended in raising one kilogram through the height of one meter, in the latitude of Paris.

Kiloliter, Kilolitre

Kil"o*li`ter (?), Kil"o*li`tre, n. [F. kilolitre. See Kilogram, and Liter.] A measure of capacity equal to a cubic meter, or a thousand liters. It is equivalent to 35.315 cubic feet, and to 220.04 imperial gallons, or 264.18 American gallons of 321 cubic inches.

Kilometer, Kilometre

Kil"o*me`ter (?), Kil"o*me`tre, n. [F. kilometre. See Kilogram, and Meter.] A measure of length, being a thousand meters. It is equal to 3,280.8 feet, or 62137 of a mile.

Kilostere

Kil"o*stere` (?), n. [F.kilostere. See Kilogram, and Stere.] A cubic measure containing 1000 cubic meters, and equivalent to 35,315 cubic feet.

Kilowatt

Kil"o*watt (?), n. [See Kilogram and Watt.] (Elec.) One thousand watts.

Kilt

Kilt (, p. p. from Kill. [Obs.] Spenser.

Kilt

Kilt, n. [OGael. cealt clothes, or rather perh. fr. Dan. kilte op to truss, tie up, tuck up.] A kind of short petticoat, reaching from the waist to the knees, worn in the Highlands of Scotland by men, and in the Lowlands by young boys; a filibeg. [Written also kelt.]

Kilt

Kilt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kilted; p. pr. & vb. n. Kilting.] To tuck up; to truss up, as the clothes. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Kilted

Kilt"ed, a.

1. Having on a kilt.

2. Plaited after the manner of kilting.

3. Tucked or fastened up; -- said of petticoats, etc.

Kilter

Kil"ter (?), n. See Kelter.

Kilting

Kilt"ing (?), n. (Dressmaking) A perpendicular arrangement of flat, single plaits, each plait being folded so as to cover half the breadth of the preceding one.

Kimbo

Kim"bo (?), a. [Cf. Akimbo.] Crooked; arched; bent. [Written also kimbow.] Dryden.

Kimmerian

Kim*me"ri*an (?), a. See Cimmerian.

Kimnel

Kim"nel (?), n. A tub. See Kemelin. [Obs.]
She knew not what a kimnel was Beau. & Fl.

Kimry

Kim"ry (?), n. See Cymry.

kin

kin (. [Of Low German origin; cf. G. -chen, LG. -- ken.] A diminutive suffix; as, manikin; lambkin.

Kin

Kin (?), n. (Mus.) A primitive Chinese instrument of the cittern kind, with from five to twenty-five silken strings. Riemann.

Kin

Kin, n. [OE. kin, cun, AS. cynn kin, kind, race, people; akin to cennan to beget, D. kunne sex, OS. & OHG. kunni kin, race, Icel. kyn, Goth. kuni, G. & D. kind a child, L. genus kind, race, L. gignere to beget, Gr. jan to beget. Kind, King, Gender kind, Nation.]

1. Relationship, consanguinity, or affinity; connection by birth or marriage; kindred; near connection or alliance, as of those having common descent.

2. Relatives; persons of the same family or race.

The father, mother, and the kinbeside. Dryden.
You are of kin, and so a friend to their persons. Bacon.

Kin

Kin, a. Of the same nature or kind; kinder. "Kin to the king." Shak.

Kin\'91sodic

Kin`\'91*sod"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Kinesodic.

Kin\'91sthesis

Kin`\'91s*the"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Physiol.) The perception attendant upon the movements of the muscles. Bastian.

Kinate

Ki"nate (?), n. [Cf. F. kinate. ] (Chem.) See Quinate. [Obsolescent]

Kincob

Kin"cob (?), n. India silk brocaded with flowers in silver or gold. -- a. Of the nature of kincob; brocaded. Thackeray.

Kind

Kind (?), a. [Compar. Kinder (?); superl. Kindest.] [AS. cynde, gecynde, natural, innate, prop. an old p. p. from the root of E. kin. See Kin kindred.]

1. Characteristic of the species; belonging to one's nature; natural; native. [Obs.] Chaucer.

It becometh sweeter than it should be, and loseth the kind taste. Holland.

2. Having feelings befitting our common nature; congenial; sympathetic; as, a kind man; a kind heart.

Yet was he kind, or if severe in aught, The love he bore to learning was his fault. Goldsmith.

3. Showing tenderness or goodness; disposed to do good and confer happiness; averse to hurting or paining; benevolent; benignant; gracious.

He is kind unto the unthankful and to evil. Luke vi 35.
O cruel Death, to those you take more kind Than to the wretched mortals left behind. Waller.
A fellow feeling makes one wondrous kind. Garrick.

4. Proceeding from, or characterized by, goodness, gentleness, or benevolence; as, a kind act. "Manners so kind, yet stately." Tennyson.

5. Gentle; tractable; easily governed; as, a horse kind in harness. Syn. -- Benevolent; benign; beneficent; bounteous; gracious; propitious; generous; forbearing; indulgent; tender; humane; compassionate; good; lenient; clement; mild; gentle; bland; obliging; friendly; amicable. See Obliging.

Kind

Kind, n. [OE. kinde, cunde, AS. cynd. See Kind, a.]

1. Nature; natural instinct or disposition. [Obs.]

He knew by kind and by no other lore. Chaucer.
Some of you, on pure instinct of nature, Are led by kind t'admire your fellow-creature. Dryden.

2. Race; genus; species; generic class; as, in mankind or humankind. "Come of so low a kind." Chaucer.

Every kind of beasts, and of birds. James iii.7.
She follows the law of her kind. Wordsworth.
Here to sow the seed of bread, That man and all the kinds be fed. Emerson.

3. Nature; style; character; sort; fashion; manner; variety; description; class; as, there are several kinds of eloquence, of style, and of music; many kinds of government; various kinds of soil, etc.

How diversely Love doth his pageants play, And snows his power in variable kinds ! Spenser.
There is one kind of flesh of men, another flesh of beasts, another of fishes, and another of birds. I Cor. xv. 39.
Diogenes was asked in a kind of scorn: What was the matter that philosophers haunted rich men, and not rich men philosophers ? Bacon.
A kind of, something belonging to the class of; something like to; -- said loosely or slightingly. In kind, in the produce or designated commodity itself, as distinguished from its value in money.
Tax on tillage was often levied in kind upon corn. Arbuthnot.
Syn. -- Sort; species; class; genus; nature; style; character; breed; set.

Kind

Kind, v. t. [See Kin.] To beget. [Obs.] Spenser.

Kindergarten

Kin"der*gar`ten (?), n. [G., lit., children's garden; kinder (pl. of kind child, akin to E. kin kindred) + garten garden.] A school for young children, conducted on the theory that education should be begun by gratifying and cultivating the normal aptitude for exercise, play, observation, imitation, and construction; -- a name given by Friedrich Froebel, a German educator, who introduced this method of training, in rooms opening on a garden.

Kindergartner

Kin"der*gart`ner (?), n. One who teaches in a kindergarten.

Kind-hearted

Kind"-heart`ed (?), a. Having kindness of nature; sympathetic; characterized by a humane disposition; as, a kind-hearted landlord.
To thy self at least kind-hearted prove. Shak.

Kind-heartedness

Kind"-heart`ed*ness, n. The state or quality of being kind-hearted; benevolence.

Kindle

Kin"dle (?), v. t. & i. [OE. kindlen, cundlen. See Kind.] To bring forth young. [Obs.] Shak.
The poor beast had but lately kindled. Holland.

Kindle

Kin`dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kindled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kindling (?).] [Icel. kyndill candle, torch; prob. fr. L. candela; cf. also Icel. kynda to kindle. Cf. Candle.]

1. To set on fire; to cause to burn with flame; to ignite; to cause to begin burning; to start; to light; as, to kindle a match, or shavings.

His breath kindleth coals. Job xii. 21.

2. Fig.: To inflame, as the passions; to rouse; to provoke; to excite to action; to heat; to fire; to animate; to incite; as, to kindle anger or wrath; to kindle the flame of love, or love into a flame.

So is a contentious man to kindle strife. Prov. xxvi. 21.
Nothing remains but that I kindle the boy thither. Shak.
Kindling her undazzled eyes at the full midday beam. Milton.
Could swell the soul to rage, or kindle soft desire. Dryden.
Syn. -- Enkindle; light; ignite; inflame; provoke; excite; arouse; stir up.

Kindle

Kin"dle (?), v. i.

1. To take fire; to begin to burn with flame; to start as a flame.

When thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned; neither shall the flame kindle upon thee. Is. xliii. 2.

2. Fig.: To begin to be excited; to grow warm or animated; to be roused or exasperated.

On all occasions where forbearance might be called for, the Briton kindles, and the Christian gives way. I. Taylor.

Kindler

Kin"dler (?), n. One who, or that which, kindles, stirs up, or sets on fire."Kindlers of riot." Gay.

Kindless

Kind"less (?), a Destitute of kindness; unnatural.[Obs.] "Kindless villain." Shak.

Kindliness

Kind"li*ness (?), n.

1. Natural inclination; natural course. [Obs.] Milton.

2. The quality or state of being kindly; benignity; benevolence; gentleness; tenderness; as, kindliness of disposition, of treatment, or of words.

In kind a father, but not in kindliness. Sackville.

3. Softness; mildness; propitiousness; as, kindliness of weather, or of a season.

Fruits and corn are much advanced by temper of the air and kindliness of seasons. Whitlock.

Kinding

Kin"ding (?), n.

1. The of causing to burn, or of exciting or inflaming the passions.

2. pl. Materials, easily lighted, for starting a fire.

Kindly

Kind"ly (?), a. [Compar. Kindlier (?); superl. Kindliest.] [AS. cyndelic. See Kind, n. ]

1. According to the kind or nature; natural. [R.]

The kindly fruits of the earth. Book of Com. Prayer.
An herd of bulls whom kindly rage doth sting. Spenser.
Whatsoever as the Son of God he may do, it is kindly for Him as the Son of Man to save the sons of men. L. Andrews.

2. Humane; congenial; sympathetic; hence, disposed to do good to; benevolent; gracious; kind; helpful; as, kindly affections, words, acts, etc.

The shade by which my life was crossed, . . . Has made me kindly with my kind. Tennyson.

3. Favorable; mild; gentle; auspicious; beneficent.

In soft silence shed the kindly shower. Pope.
Should e'er a kindlier time ensue. Wordsworth.
&hand; "Nothing ethical was connoted in kindly once: it was simply the adjective of kind. But it is God's ordinance that kind should be kindly, in our modern sense of the word as well; and thus the word has attained this meaning." Trench.

Kindly

Kind"ly, adv.

1. Naturally; fitly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Examine how kindly the Hebrew manners of speech mix and incorporate with the English language Addison.

2. In a kind manner; congenially; with good will; with a disposition to make others happy, or to oblige.

Be kindly affectioned one to another, with brotherly love. Rom. xii. 10.

Kindness

Kind"ness (?), n. [From Kind. a.]

1. The state or quality of being kind, in any of its various senses; manifestation of kind feeling or disposition beneficence.

I do fear thy nature; It is too full o' the milk of human kindness To catch the nearest way. Shak.
Unremembered acts Of kindness and of love. Wordsworth.

2. A kind act; an act of good will; as, to do a great kindness. Syn. -- Good will; benignity; grace; tenderness; compassion; humanity; clemency; mildness; gentleness; goodness; generosity; beneficence; favor.

Kindred

Kin"dred (?), n. [OE. kinrede, kynrede, kunreden (with excrescent d), fr. AS. cunn kin, race + the termination to advise, G. rathen. Cf. Hatred.]

1. Relationship by birth or marriage; consanguinity; affinity; kin.

Like her, of equal kindred to the throne. Dryden.

2. Relatives by blood or marriage, more properly the former; relations; persons related to each other.

I think there's no man is secure But the queen's kindred. Shak.
Syn. -- Kin; kinsfolk; relatives; kinsmen; relations; relationship; affinity.

Kindred

Kin"dred, a. Related; congenial; of the like nature or properties; as, kindred souls; kindred skies; kindred propositions.
True to the kindred points of heaven and home. Wordsworth.

Kine

Kine (?), n. pl. [For older kyen, formed like oxen, fr. AS. c, itself pl. of c cow. See Cow, and cf. Kee, Kie.] Cows. "A herd of fifty or sixty kine." Milton.

Kinematic, Kinematical

Kin`e*mat"ic (?), Kin`e*mat"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to kinematics. Kinematic curves, curves produced by machinery, or a combination of motions, as distinguished from mathematical curves.

Kinematics

Kin`e*mat"ics (?), n. [Gr. ( (Physics) The science which treats of motions considered in themselves, or apart from their causes; the comparison and relation of motions. &hand; Kinematics forms properly an introduction to mechanics, as involving the mathematical principles which are to be applied to its data of forces. Nichol.

Kinepox

Kine"pox` (?), n. (Med.) See Cowpox. Kin"e*scope (, n. See Kinetoscope.

Kinesiatrics

Kin`e*si*at"rics (?), n. [Gr. ( (Med.) A mode of treating disease by appropriate muscular movements; -- also termed kinesitherapy, kinesipathy, lingism, and the movement cure.

Kinesipathy

Kin`e*sip"a*thy (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) See Kinesiatrics.

Kinesitherapy

Kin`e*si*ther"a*py (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) See Kinesiatrics.

Kinesipathy

Kin`e*sip"a*thy (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) See Kinesiatrics.

Kinesodic

Kin`e*sod"ic (?), a. [Gr. kin\'82sodigue.] (Physiol.) Conveying motion; as; kinesodic substance; -- applied esp. to the spinal cord, because it is capable of conveying doth voluntary and reflex motor impulses, without itself being affected by motor impulses applied to it directly.

Kinetic

Ki*net"ic (?), q. [Gr. (Physics) Moving or causing motion; motory; active, as opposed to latent. Kinetic energy. See Energy, n. 4.

Kinetics

Ki*net"ics (?), n. (Physics) See Dynamics.

Kinetogenesis

Ki*ne`to*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] An instrument for producing curves by the combination of circular movements; -- called also kinescope.

King

King (, n. A Chinese musical instrument, consisting of resonant stones or metal plates, arranged according to their tones in a frame of wood, and struck with a hammer.

King

King, n.[AS. cyng, cyning; akin to OS. kining, D. koning, OHG. kining, G. k\'94nig, Icel. konungr, Sw. koning, OHG. kuning, Dan. konge; formed with a patronymic ending, and fr. the root of E. kin; cf. Icel. konr a man of noble birth. Kin.]

1. A chief ruler; a sovereign; one invested with supreme authority over a nation, country, or tribe, usually by hereditary succession; a monarch; a prince. "Ay, every inch a king." Shak.

Kings will be tyrants from policy, when subjects are rebels from principle. Burke.
There was a State without king or nobles. R. Choate.
But yonder comes the powerful King of Day, Rejoicing in the east Thomson.

2. One who, or that which, holds a supreme position or rank; a chief among competitors; as, a railroad king; a money king; the king of the lobby; the king of beasts.

3. A playing card having the picture of a king; as, the king of diamonds.

4. The chief piece in the game of chess.

5. A crowned man in the game of draughts.

6. pl. The title of two historical books in the Old Testament. &hand; King is often used adjectively, or in combination, to denote pre\'89minence or superiority in some particular; as, kingbird; king crow; king vulture. Apostolic king.See Apostolic. -- King-at-arms, ∨ King-of-arms, the chief heraldic officer of a country. In England the king-at-arms was formerly of great authority. His business is to direct the heralds, preside at their chapters, and have the jurisdiction of armory. There are three principal kings-at-arms, viz., Garter, Clarencieux, and Norroy. The latter (literally north roy or north king) officiates north of the Trent. -- King auk (Zo\'94l.), the little auk or sea dove. -- King bird of paradise. (Zo\'94l.), See Bird of paradise. -- King card, in whist, the best unplayed card of each suit; thus, if the ace and king of a suit have been played, the queen is the king card of the suit. -- King Cole , a legendary king of Britain, who is said to have reigned in the third century. -- King conch (Zo\'94l.), a large and handsome univalve shell (Cassis cameo), found in the West Indies. It is used for making cameos. See Helmet shell, under Helmet. -- King Cotton, a popular personification of the great staple production of the southern United States. -- King crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The limulus or horseshoe crab. See Limulus. (b) The large European spider crab or thornback (Maia sguinado). -- King crow. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A black drongo shrike (Buchanga atra) of India; -- so called because, while breeding, they attack and drive away hawks, crows, and other large birds. (b) The Dicrurus macrocercus of India, a crested bird with a long, forked tail. Its color is black, with green and blue reflections. Called also devil bird. -- King duck (Zo\'94l.), a large and handsome eider duck (Somateria spectabilis), inhabiting the arctic regions of both continents. -- King eagle (Zo\'94l.), an eagle (Aquila heliaca) found in Asia and Southeastern Europe. It is about as large as the golden eagle. Some writers believe it to be the imperial eagle of Rome. -- King hake (Zo\'94l.), an American hake (Phycis regius), fond in deep water along the Atlantic coast. -- King monkey (Zo\'94l.), an African monkey(Colobus polycomus), inhabiting Sierra Leone. -- King mullet (Zo\'94l.), a West Indian red mullet (Upeneus maculatus); -- so called on account of its great beauty. Called also goldfish. -- King of terrors, death. -- King parrakeet (Zo\'94l.), a handsome Australian parrakeet (Platycercys scapulatus), often kept in a cage. Its prevailing color is bright red, with the back and wings bright green, the rump blue, and tail black. -- King penguin (Zo\'94l.), any large species of penguin of the genus Aptenodytes; esp., A. longirostris, of the Falkland Islands and Kerguelen Land, and A. Patagonica , of Patagonia. -- King rail (Zo\'94l.), a small American rail (Rallus elegans), living in fresh-water marshes. The upper parts are fulvous brown, striped with black; the breast is deep cinnamon color. -- King salmon (Zo\'94l.), the quinnat. See Quinnat. -- King's, ∨ Queen's, counsel (Eng. Law), barristers learned in the law, who have been called within the bar, and selected to be the king's or gueen's counsel. They answer in some measure to the advocates of the revenue (advocati fisci) among the Romans. They can not be employed against the crown without special license. Wharton's Law Dict. -- King's cushion, a temporary seat made by two persons crossing their hands. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. -- The king's English, correct or current language of good speakers; pure English. Shak. -- King's ∨ Queen's, evidence, testimony in favor of the Crown by a witness who confesses his guilt as an accomplice. See under Evidence. [Eng.] -- King's evil, scrofula; -- so called because formerly supposed to be healed by the touch of a king. -- King snake (Zo\'94l.), a large, nearly black, harmless snake (Ophiobolus getulus) of the Southern United States; -- so called because it kills and eats other kinds of snakes, including even the rattlesnake. -- King's spear (Bot.), the white asphodel (Asphodelus albus). -- King's yellow, a yellow pigment, consisting essentially of sulphide and oxide of arsenic; -- called also yellow orpiment. -- King tody (Zo\'94l.), a small fly-catching bird (Eurylaimus serilophus) of tropical America. The head is adorned with a large, spreading, fan-shaped crest, which is bright red, edged with black. -- King vulture (Zo\'94l.), a large species of vulture (Sarcorhamphus papa), ranging from Mexico to Paraguay, The general color is white. The wings and tail are black, and the naked carunculated head and the neck are briliantly colored with scarlet, yellow, orange, and blue. So called because it drives away other vultures while feeding. -- King wood, a wood from Brazil, called also violet wood, beautifully streaked in violet tints, used in turning and small cabinetwork. The tree is probably a species of Dalbergia. See Jacaranda.

King

King (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kinged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kinging). ] To supply with a king; to make a king of; to raise to royalty. [R.] Shak.
Those traitorous captains of Israel who kinged themselves by slaying their masters and reigning in their stead. South.

Kingbird

King"bird (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)

1. A small American bird (Tyrannus, or T. Carolinensis), noted for its courage in attacking larger birds, even hawks and eagles, especially when they approach its nest in the breeding season. It is a typical tyrant flycatcher, taking various insects upon the wing. It is dark ash above, and blackish on the bead and tail. The quills and wing coverts are whitish at the edges. It is white beneath, with a white terminal band on the tail. The feathers on the head of the adults show a bright orange basal spot when erected. Called also bee bird, and bee martin. Several Southern and Western species of Tyrannus are also called king birds.

2. The king tody. See under King.

Kingbolt

King"bolt` (?), n. A vertical iron bolt, by which the forward axle and wheels of a vehicle or the trucks of a railroad car are connected with the other parts.

King Charles spaniel

King Charles span"iel (?). (Zo\'94l.) A variety of small pet dogs, having, drooping ears, a high, dome-shaped forehead, pug nose, large, prominent eyes, and long, wavy hair. The color is usually black and tan.

Kingcraft

King"craft (?), n. The craft of kings; the art of governing as a sovereign; royal policy. Prescott.

Kingcup

King"cup` (?), n. (Bot.) The common buttercup.

Kingdom

King"dom (?), n. [AS. cyningd. See 2d King, and -dom.]

1. The rank, quality, state, or attributes of a king; royal authority; sovereign power; rule; dominion; monarchy.

Thy kingdom is an everlasting kingdom. Ps. cxiv. 13.
When Jehoram was risen up to the kingdom of his father, he strengthened himself. 2 Chron. xxi. 4.

2. The territory or country subject to a king or queen; the dominion of a monarch; the sphere in which one is king or has control.

Unto the kingdom of perpetual night. Shak.
You're welcome, Most learned reverend sir, into our kingdom. Shak.

3. An extensive scientific division distinguished by leading or ruling characteristics; a principal division; a department; as, the mineral kingdom. "The animal and vegetable kingdoms." Locke.

It has ever been the method of public jurists to Burke.
Animal kingdom. See under Animal. -- Kingdom of God. (a) The universe. (b) That spiritual realm of which God is the acknowledged sovereign. (c) The authority or dominion of God. -- Mineral kingdom. See under Mineral. -- United Kingdom. See under United. -- Vegetable kingdom. See under Vegetable. Syn. -- Realm; empire; dominion; monarchy; sovereignty; domain.

Kingdomed

King"domed (?), a. Having a kingdom or the dignity of a king; like a kingdom. [R.]
"Twixt his mental and his active parts, Kingdom'd Achilles in commotion rages And batters down himself. Shak.

Kingfish

King"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An American marine food fish of the genus Menticirrus, especially M. saxatilis, or M. nebulosos, of the Atlantic coast; -- called also whiting, surf whiting, and barb. (b) The opah. (c) The common cero; also, the spotted cero. See Cero. (d) The queenfish.
Page 815

Kingfisher

King"fish`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of birds constituting the family Alcedinid\'91. Most of them feed upon fishes which they capture by diving and seizing then with the beak; others feed only upon reptiles, insects, etc. About one hundred and fifty species are known. They are found in nearly all parts of the world, but are particularly abundant in the East Indies. &hand; The belted king-fisher of the United States (Ceryle alcyon) feeds upon fishes. It is slate-blue above, with a white belly and breast, and a broad white ring around the neck. A dark band crosses the breast. The common European species (Alcedo ispida), which is much smaller and brighter colored, is also a fisher. See Alcedo. The wood kingfishers (Halcyones), which inhabit forests, especially in Africa, feed largely upon insects, but also eat reptiles, snails, and small Crustacea, as well as fishes. The giant kingfisher of Australia feeds largely upon lizards and insects. See Laughing jackass, under Laughing.

Kinghood

King"hood (?), n. The state of being a king; the attributes of a king; kingship. Gower.

Kingless

King"less, a. Having no king. F. Lieber.

Kinglet

King"let (?), n.

1. A little king; a weak or insignificant king. Carlyle.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small singing birds of the genus Regulus and family Sylviid\'91. &hand; The golden-crowned kinglet (Regulus satrapa), and the rubycrowned kinglet (R. calendula), are the most common American species. The common English kinglet (R. cristatus) is also called golden-crested wren, moonie, and marigold finch. The kinglets are often popularly called wrens, both in America and England.

Kinglihood

King"li*hood (?), n. King-liness. Tennyson.

Kingliness

King"li*ness, n. The state or quality of being kingly.

Kingling

King"ling (?), n. Same as Kinglet, 1. Churchill.

Kingly

King"ly (?), a. [Compar. Kinglier (?); superl. Kingliest.] Belonging to, suitable to, or becoming, a king; characteristic of, resembling, a king; directed or administered by a king; monarchical; royal; sovereign; regal; august; noble; grand. "Kingly magnificence." Sir P. Sidney. "A kingly government." Swift. "The kingly couch." Shak.
The kingliest kings are crowned with thorn. G. Massey.
Leave kingly backs to cope with kingly cares. Cowper.
Syn. -- Regal; royal; monarchical; imperial; august; sovereign; noble; splendid. -- Kingly, Regal. Kingly is Anglo-Saxon, and refers especially to the character of a king; regal is Latin, and now relates more to his office. The former is chiefly used of dispositions, feelings, and purposes which are kinglike; as, kingly sentiments; kingly condescension; " a kingly heart for enterprises." Sir P. Sidney. The latter is oftener applied to external state, pomp, etc.; as, regal state, regal title, etc. This distinction is not observed by our early writers, but is gaining ground.

Kingly

King"ly, adv. In a kingly or kinglike manner. Shak.
Low bowed the rest; he, kingly, did but nod. Pore.
&hand; Although this citation, one from Paradise Lost, and one from Shakespeare's ll4th Sonnet are given by lexicographers as examples of adverbial use, it is by no means clear that the word is not an adjective in each instance.

King-post

King"-post` (?), n. (Carp.) A member of a common form of truss, as a roof truss. It is strictly a tie, intended to prevent the sagging of the tiebeam in the middle. If there are struts, supporting the main rafters, they often bear upon the foot of the king-post. Called also crown-post.

King's Bench

King's Bench (?). (Law) Formerly, the highest court of common law in England; -- so called because the king used to sit there in person. It consisted of a chief justice and four puisne, or junior, justices. During the reign of a queen it was called the Queen's Bench. Its jurisdiction was transferred by the judicature acts of 1873 and 1875 to the high court of justice created by that legislation.

Kingship

King"ship (?), n. The state, office, or dignity of a king; royalty. Landor.

Kingston, Kingstone

King"ston (?), King"stone` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The black angel fish. See Angel fish, under Angel.

Kingston metal

King"ston met"al (?). An alloy of tin, copper, and mercury, sometimes used for the bearings and packings of machinery. McElrath.

Kingston valve

King"ston valve (?). (Marine Steam Engin.) A conical valve, opening outward, to close the mouth of a pipe which passes through the side of a vessel below the water line.

Kingtruss

King"truss` (?). (Carp.) A truss, framed with a king-post; -- used in roofs, bridges, etc.

Kinic

Ki"nic (?), a. [Cf. F.kinique.] (Chem.) See Quinic.

Kink

Kink (?), n. [D. kink a bend or turn, or Sw. kink.]

1. A twist or loop in a rope or thread, caused by a spontaneous doubling or winding upon itself; a close loop or curl; a doubling in a cord.

2. An unreasonable notion; a crotchet; a whim; a caprice. [Colloq.] Cozzens.

Kink

Kink (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kinked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kinking.] To wind into a kink; to knot or twist spontaneously upon itself, as a rope or thread.

Kink

Kink, n. [Cf. Chincough, Kink-haust.] A fit of coughing; also, a convulsive fit of laughter. [Scot.]

Kinkajou

Kin"ka*jou` (?), n. [F. kinkajou, quincajou, from the native American name.] (Zo\'94l.) A nocturnal carnivorous mammal (Cercoleptes caudivolvulus) of South America, about as large as a full-grown cat. It has a prehensile tail and lives in trees. It is the only representative of a distinct family (Cercoleptid\'91) allied to the raccoons. Called also potto, and honey bear.

Kinkhaust

Kink"haust` (?), n. [Prov. E. kink to gasp (cf. Chin cough) + haust a cough (akin to E. wheeze).] Whooping cough. [Obs.or Prov. Eng.]

Kinkle

Kin"kle (?), n. Same as 3d Kink.

Kinky

Kink"y (?), a.

1. Full of kinks; liable to kink or curl; as, kinky hair.

2. Queer; eccentric; crotchety. [Colloq. U.S.]

Kinnikinic

Kin`ni*ki*nic" (?), n. [Indian, literally, a mixture.] Prepared leaves or bark of certain plants; -- used by the Indians of the Northwest for smoking, either mixed with tobacco or as a substitute for it. Also, a plant so used, as the osier cornel (Cornus stolonijra), and the bearberry (Arctostaphylus Uva-ursi). [Spelled also kinnickinnick and killikinick.]

Kino

Ki"no (?), n. The dark red dried juice of certain plants, used variously in tanning, in dyeing, and as an astringent in medicine. &hand; The chief supply is from an East Indian leguminous tree, the Pterocarpus Marsupium. Other sources are the African Pterocarpus erinaceus, the tropical American sea grape (Coccoloba uvifera), and several Australian Eucalypti. See Botany bay kino, under Botany bay, Gum butea, under Gum, and Eucalyptus.

Kinology

Ki*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] That branch of physics which treats of the laws of motion, or of moving bodies. <-- kinetics? mechanics? -->

Kinone

Ki"none (?), n. (Chem.) See Quinone.

Kinoyl

Ki"noyl (?), n. (Chem.) [Obs.] See Quinoyl.

Kinrede

Kin"rede (?), n. Kindred. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kinsfolk

Kins"folk` (?), n. Relatives; kindred; kin; persons of the same family or closely or closely related families.
They sought him among their kinsfolk and acquaintance. Luke ii. 44.

Kinship

Kin"ship (?), n. Family relationship.

Kinsman

Kins"man (?), n.; pl. Kinsmen (. A man of the same race or family; one related by blood.

Kinsmanship

Kins"man*ship, n. Kinship. Thackeray.

Kinswoman

Kins"wom`an (?), n.; pl. Kinswomen (. A female relative. Shak.

Kintlidge

Kint"lidge (?), n. (Naut.) See Kentledge.

Kiosk

Ki*osk" (?), n. [Turk. kiushk, ki\'94shk, Per. k.] A Turkish open summer house or pavilion, supported by pillars. <-- 2. A small structure, typically located on a street and sometimes in a parking lot, with one or more open sides, used to vend merchandise, such as newspapers, or services, such as key duplication or film developing.(MW10 s. 2) -->

Kioways

Ki"o*ways` (?), n. pl.; sing. Kioway (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians distantly related to the Shoshones. They formerly inhabited the region about the head waters of the North Platte.

Kip

Kip (?), n. The hide of a young or small beef creature, or leather made from it; kipskin. Kip leather. See Kipskin.

Kipe

Kipe (?), n. [Cf. OE. kipen to catch, Icel. kippa to pull, snatch. Cf. Kipper.] An osier basket used for catching fish. [Prov. Eng.]

Kipper

Kip"per (?), n. [D. kippen to hatch, snatch, seize. Cf. Kipe.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A salmon after spawning.

2. A salmon split open, salted, and dried or smoked; -- so called because salmon after spawning were usually so cured, not being good when fresh. [Scot.] Kipper time, the season in which fishing for salmon is forbidden. [Eng. & Scot.]

Kipper

Kip"per, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kippered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kippering.] To cure, by splitting, salting, and smoking. "Kippered salmon." Dickens.

Kipper

Kip"per, a. Amorous; also, lively; light-footed; nimble; gay; sprightly. [Prov. Eng.]<-- = chipper? --> Halliwell.

Kippernut

Kip"per*nut` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to earthnuts of several kinds.

Kipskin

Kip"skin` (?), n. [Kip + skin.] Leather prepared from the skin of young or small cattle, intermediate in grade between calfskin and cowhide.

Kirk

Kirk (?), n. [Scot.; cf. Icel. kirkja, of Greek origin. See Church.] A church or the church, in the various senses of the word; esp., the Church of Scotland as distinguished from other reformed churches, or from the Roman Catholic Church. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Kirked

Kirked (?), a. [Etymol. uncertain.] Turned upward; bent. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Kirkman

Kirk"man (?), n.; pl. Kirkmen (.

1. A clergyman or officer in a kirk. [Scot.]

2. A member of the Church of Scotland, as distinguished from a member of another communion. [Scot.]

Kirkyard

Kirk"yard` (?), n. A churchyard. [Scot.]

Kirmess

Kir"mess (?), n. [D. kermis; cf. G. kirmes; prop., church mass. See Church, and Mass a religious service.] In Europe, particularly in Belgium and Holland, and outdoor festival and fair; in the United States, generally an indoor entertainment and fair combined.

Kirschwasser

Kirsch"was`ser (?), n. [G., fr. kirsche cherry + wasser water.] An alcoholic liquor, obtained by distilling the fermented juice of the small black cherry.

Kirsome

Kir"some, a. [Corrupted from chrisom.] Christian; christened. [Obs.]
I am a true kirsome woman. Beau. & Fl.

Kirtle

Kir"tle (?), n. [OE. kirtel, curtel, AS. cyrtel; skin to Icel. kyrtill, Sw. kjortel, Dan. kiortel, kiole.] A garment varying in form and use at different times, and worn doth by men and women.
Wearing her Norman car, and her kirtle of blue. Longfellow.
&hand; The term is still retained in the provinces, in the sense of " an outer petticoat." Halliwell.

Kirtled

Kir"tled (?), a. Wearing a kirtle. Byron.

Kirumbo

Ki*rum"bo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A bird of Madagascar (Leptosomus discolor), the only living type of a family allied to the rollers. It has a pair of loral plumes. The male is glossy green above, with metallic reflections; the female is spotted with brown and black.

Kish

Kish (?), n. [Cf. G. kies gravel, pyrites.] (Min.) A workman's name for the graphite which forms incidentally in iron smelting.

Kismet

Kis"met (?), n. [Per. qismat.] Destiny; fate. [Written also kismat.] [Oriental]

Kiss

Kiss (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kissed (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Kissing.] [OE. kissen, cussen, AS. cyssan, fr. coss a kiss; of uncertain origin; akin to D. kus, G. kuss, Icel. koss.]

1. To salute with the lips, as a mark of affection, reverence, submission, forgiveness, etc.

He . . . kissed her lips with such a clamorous smack, That at the parting all the church echoed. Shak.

2. To touch gently, as if fondly or caressingly.

When the sweet wind did gently kiss the trees. Shak.

Kiss

Kiss, v. i.

1. To make or give salutation with the lips in token of love, respect, etc.; as, kiss and make friends.

2. To meet; to come in contact; to touch fondly.

Like fire and powder, Which as they kiss consume. Shak.
Rose, rose and clematis, Trail and twine and clasp and kiss. Tennyson.
Kissing comfit, a perfumed sugarplum to sweeten the breath. [Obs or Prov. End.] Shak.

Kiss

Kiss, n. [OE. kiss, derived under the influence of the verb from the older form coss, AS. coss. See Kiss, v.]

1. A salutation with the lips, as a token of affection, respect, etc.; as, a parting kiss; a kiss of reconciliation.

Last with a kiss, she took a long farewell. Dryden.
Dear as remembered kisses after death. Tennyson.

2. A small piece of confectionery.

Kisser

Kiss"er (?), n. One who kisses. Beau. & Fl.

Kissingcrust

Kiss"ing*crust` (?), n. (Cookery) The portion of the upper crust of a loaf which has touched another loaf in baking. Lamb.
A massy fragment from the rich kissingcrust that hangs like a fretted cornice from the upper half of the loaf. W. Howitt.

Kist

Kist (?), n. [See Chest.] A chest; hence, a coffin. [Scot. & Prov. End.] Jamieson. Halliwell.

Kist

Kist, n. [Ar. gist.] A stated payment, especially a payment of rent for land; hence, the time for such payment. [India]

Kistvaen

Kist"vaen (?), n. [W. cist-faen.] (Arch\'91ol.) A Celtic monument, commonly known as a dolmen.

Kit

Kit, v. t. [imp. Kitte.] To cut. [Obs.] Chaucer.

t

t, n. [See Kitten.] A kitten. Kit fox (Zo\'94l.), a small burrowing fox (Vulpes velox), inhabiting the region of the Rocky Mountains. It is brownish gray, reddish on the breast and flanks, and white below. Called also swift fox.

Kit

Kit, n. [Gf. AS. cytere harp, L. cithara. Cf. Guitar.] A small violin. "A dancing master's kit." Grew.
Prince Turveydrop then tinkled the strings of his kit with his fingers, and the young ladies stood up to dance. Dickens.

Kit

Kit, m. [Cf. D. kit a large bottle, OD. kitte beaker, decanter.]

1. A large bottle.

2. A wooden tub or pail, smaller at the top than at the bottom; as, a kit of butter, or of mackerel. Wright.

3. straw or rush basket for fish; also, any kind of basket. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

4. A box for working implements; hence, a working outfit, as of a workman, a soldier, and the like.

5. A group of separate parts, things, or individuals; -- used with whole, and generally contemptuously; as, the whole kit of them. <-- now: the whole kit and kaboodle -->

Kitcat

Kit"cat` (?), a.

1. Designating a club in London, to which Addison and Steele belonged; -- so called from Christopher Cat, a pastry cook, who served the club with mutton pies.

2. Designating a canvas used for portraits of a peculiar size, viz., twenty-right or twenty-nine inches by thirtysix; -- so called because that size was adopted by Sir Godfrey Kneller for the portraits he painted of the members of the Kitcal Club. Fairholt.

Kitcat

Kit"cat`, n. A game played by striking with a stick small piece of wood, called a cat, shaped like two coned united at their bases; tipcat. Cotton. Kitcat roll (Agric.), a roller somewhat in the form of two cones set base to base. [Prov. Eng.]

Kitchen

Kitch"en (?), n. [OE. kichen, kichene, kuchene, AS. cycene, L. coquina, equiv. to culina a kitchen, fr. coquinus pertaining to cooking, fr. coquere to cook. See Cook to prepare food, and cf. Cuisine.]

1. A cookroom; the room of a house appropriated to cookery.

Cool was his kitchen, though his brains were hot. Dryden.
A fat kitchen makes a lean will. Franklin.

2. A utensil for roasting meat; as, a tin kitchen. Kitchen garden. See under Garden. -- Kitchen lee, dirty soapsuds. [Obs.] " A brazen tub of kitchen lee." Ford. -- Kitchen stuff, fat collected from pots and pans. Donne.

Kitchen

Kitch"en, v. t. To furnish food to; to entertain with the fare of the kitchen. [Obs.] Shak.

Kitchener

Kitch"en*er, n. A kitchen servant; a cook. Carlyle.

Kitchenmaid

Kitch"en*maid` (?), n. A woman employed in the kitchen. Shak.
Page 816

Kitchen middens

Kitch"en mid`dens (?). [Dan. kj\'94k-kenm\'94ddings kitchen leavings; cf. Scot. midden a dunghill.] Relics of neolithic man found on the coast of Denmark, consisting of shell mounds, some of which are ten feet high, one thousand feet long, and two hundred feet wide. The name is applied also to similar mounds found on the American coast from Canada to Florida, made by the North American Indians.

Kitchen-ry

Kitch"en-ry (?), n. The body of servants employed in the kitchen. [Obs.] Holland.

Kite

Kite (?), n. [OE. kyte, AS.c; cf. W. cud, cut.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any raptorial bird of the subfamily Milvin\'91, of which many species are known. They have long wings, adapted for soaring, and usually a forked tail. &hand; The European species are Milvus ictinus and M. govinda; the sacred or Brahmany kite of India is Haliastur Indus; the American fork-tailed kite is the Nauclerus furcatus.

2. Fig. : One who is rapacious.

Detested kite, thou liest. Shak.

3. A light frame of wood or other material covered with paper or cloth, for flying in the air at the end of a string.

4. (Naut.) A lofty sail, carried only when the wind is light.

5. (Geom.) A quadrilateral, one of whose diagonals is an axis of symmetry. Henrici.

6. Fictitious commercial paper used for raising money or to sustain credit, as a check which represents no deposit in bank, or a bill of exchange not sanctioned by sale of goods; an accommodation check or bill. [Cant]

7. (Zo\'94l.) The brill. [Prov. Eng. ] Flying kites. (Naut.) See under Flying. -- Kite falcon (Zo\'94l.), an African falcon of the genus Avicida, having some resemblance to a kite.

Kite

Kite, v. i. To raise money by "kites;" as, kiting transactions. See Kite, 6. [Cant]

Kite

Kite, n. The belly. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Kiteflying, n. A mode of raising money, or sustaining one's credit, by the use of paper which is merely nominal; -- called also kiting. -- Kiteflier

Kite"fly`ing (?), n. A mode of raising money, or sustaining one's credit, by the use of paper which is merely nominal; -- called also kiting. -- Kite"fli`er, n. See Kite, n., 6. [Cant] McElrath. Thackeray.

Kith

Kith (?), n. [OE. kith, cu, AS. cc known. Uncouth, Can, and cf. Kythe.] Acquaintance; kindred.
And my near kith for sore me shend. W. Browne.
The sage of his kith and the hamlet. Longfellow.
Kith and kin, kindred more or less remote.

Kithara

Kith"a*ra (?), n. See Cithara.

Kithe

Kithe (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Kythe. Chaucer.

Kitish

Kit"ish (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or relating to a kite.

Kitling

Kit"ling (?), n. [Kit a kitten + ling: cf. Icel. ketlingr.] A young kitten; a whelp. [Obs. or Scot.] B. Jonson.

Kitte

Kit"te (?), imp. of Kit to cut. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kittel

Kit"tel (?), v. t. See Kittle, v. t.

Kitten

Kit"ten (?), n. [OE. kiton, a dim. of cat; cf. G.kitze a young cat, also a female cat, and F. chaton, dim. of chat cat, also E. kitling. See Cat.] A young cat.

Kitten

Kit"ten, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Kittened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kittening.] To bring forth young, as a cat; to bring forth, as kittens. Shak. H. Spencer.

Kittenish

Kit"ten*ish, a. Resembling a kitten; playful; as, a kittenish disposition. Richardson.

Kittiwake

Kit"ti*wake (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A northern gull (Rissa tridactyla), inhabiting the coasts of Europe and America. It is white, with black tips to the wings, and has but three toes.

Kittle

Kit"tle (?), v. i. [Cf. Kit a kitten.] (Zo\'94l.) To bring forth young, as a cat; to kitten; to litter. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Kittle

Kit"tle, v. t. [Cf. AS. citelian; akin to D. kittelen, G. kitzeln, Icel. kitla, Sw. kittla, kittsla, Dan. kildre. Cf. Tickle.] To tickle. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] [Written also kittel.] Halliwell. Jamieson.

Kittle

Kit"tle, a. Ticklish; not easily managed; troublesome; difficult; variable. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell. Sir W. Scott.

Kittlish

Kit"tlish (?), a. Ticklish; kittle. Sir W. Scott.

Kittysol

Kit*ty*sol" (?), n. [Sp. quitasol.] The Chinese paper parasol.

Kive

Kive (?), n. A mash vat. See Keeve. [Obs.]

Kiver

Kiv"er (?), v. t. To cover. -- n. A cover. [Disused except in illiterate speech.]

Kivikivi, Kiwikiwi

Ki`vi*ki"vi (?), Ki`wi*ki"wi (?), n.; pl. Kivikivies (Kiwikiwies (. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Apteryx, esp. A. australis; -- so called in imitation of its notes. Called also kiwi. See Apteryx.

Kjoekken moeddings

Kjoek"ken moed`dings (?). [Dan.] See Kitchen middens.

Klamaths

Kla"maths (?), n. pl.; sing. Klamath (Ethnol.) A collective name for the Indians of several tribes formerly living along the Klamath river, in California and Oregon, but now restricted to a reservation at Klamath Lake; -- called also Clamets and Hamati.

Kleeneboc

Kleene"boc` (kl&emac;n"b&ocr;k`), n. [D. kleen little, small + bok buck.] (Zo\'94l.) An antelope (Cerphalopus pygm\'91us), found in South Africa. It is of very small size, being but one foot high at shoulder. It is remarkable for its activity, and for its mild and timid disposition. Called also guevi, and pygmy antelope.

Kleptomania

Klep`to*ma"ni*a (?), n. [Gr. mania.] A propensity to steal, claimed to be irresistible. This does not constitute legal irresponsibility. Wharton.

Kleptomaniac

Klep`to*ma"ni*ac (?), n. A person affected with kleptomania.

Klick

Klick (?), n. & v. See Click.

Klicket

Klick"et (?), n. [Cf. Clicket.] (Mil.) A small postern or gate in a palisade, for the passage of sallying parties. [Written also klinket.]

Klinkstone

Klink"stone` (?), n. See Clinkstone.

Klinometer

Kli*nom"e*ter (?), n. See Clinometer.

Klipdas, Klipdachs

Klip"das (?), Klip"dachs` (?), n. [D. klip cliff + das badger, akin to G. dachs.] (Zo\'94l.) A small mammal (Hyrax Capensis), found in South Africa. It is of about the size of a rabbit, and closely resembles the daman. Called also rock rabbit.

Klipfish

Klip"fish` (?), n. Dried cod, exported from Norway. [Written also clipfish.]

Klipspringer

Klip"spring`er (?), n. [D., lit., cliff springer.] (Zo\'94l.) A small, graceful South African antelope (Nanotragus oreotragus), which, like the chamois, springs from one crag to another with great agility; -- called also kainsi. [Written also klippspringer.]

Kloof

Kloof (?), n. [D. See Clove a cleft.] A glen; a ravine closed at its upper end. [South Africa]

Klopemania

Klo`pe*ma"ni*a (?), n. [Gr. mania.] See Kleptomania.

Knab

Knab (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Knabbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Knabbing.] [See Nab, v. t., and cf. Knap, v. t.]

1. To seize with the teeth; to gnaw. "Knabbing crusts." [Obs.] L'Estrange.

2. To nab. See Nab, v. t. [Colloq.]

Knabble

Knab"ble (?), v. i. [Freq. of knab.] To bite or nibble. [Obs.]
Horses will knabble at walls, and rats gnaw iron. Sir T. Browne.

Knack

Knack (?), v. i. [Prob. of imitative origin; cf. G. knacken to break, Dan. knage to crack, and E. knock.]

1. To crack; to make a sharp, abrupt noise to chink. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Bp. Hall.

2. To speak affectedly. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Knack

Knack, n.

1. A petty contrivance; a toy; a plaything; a knickknack.

A knack, a toy, a trick, a baby's cap. Shak.

2. A readiness in performance; aptness at doing something; skill; facility; dexterity.

The fellow . . . has not the knack with his shears. B. Jonson.
The dean was famous in his time, And had a kind of knack at rhyme. Swift.

3. Something performed, or to be done, requiring aptness and dexterity; a trick; a device. "The knacks of japers." Chaucer.

For how should equal colors do the knack ! Pope.

Knacker

Knack"er (?), n.

1. One who makes knickknacks, toys, etc. Mortimer.

2. One of two or more pieces of bone or wood held loosely between the fingers, and struck together by moving the hand; -- called also clapper. Halliwell.

Knacker

Knack"er, n. [Cf. Icel.hnakkr a saddle.]

1. a harness maker. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

2. One who slaughters worn-out horses and sells their flesh for dog's meat. [Eng.]

Knackish

Knack"ish, a. Trickish; artful. [Obs.] -- Knack"ish*ness, n. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Knack-kneed

Knack"-kneed` (?), a. See Knock-kneed.

Knacky

Knack"y (?), a. Having a knack; cunning; crafty; trickish. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell.

Knag

Knag (?), n. [Cf. Prov. G. knagge a knot in wood, Sw. knagg, Dan. knag a hook to hand clothes on, a bracket; Gael. & Ir. cnag peg, knob.]

1. A knot in wood; a protuberance. Wright.

2. A wooden peg for hanging things on. Wright.

3. The prong of an antler Holland.

4. The rugged top of a hill. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Knagged

Knag"ged (?), a. Full of knots; knaggy.

Knaggy

Knag"gy (?), a. Knotty; rough; figuratively, rough in temper. Fuller. -- Knag"gi*ness (#), n.

Knap

Knap (?), n. [AS. cn\'91p, cn\'91pp, top, knob, button; cf. Icel. knappr knob, Sw. knapp, Dan. knap button, W., Gael., & Ir. cnap knob, button, and E. knop.] A protuberance; a swelling; a knob; a button; hence, rising ground; a summit. See Knob, and Knop.
The highest part and knap of the same island. Holland.

Knap

Knap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Knapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Knapping.] [D. knappen to chew, bite, crack, take hold of; prob. of imitative origin.]

1. To bite; to bite off; to break short. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. ]

He will knap the spears apieces with his teeth. Dr. H. More.
He breaketh the bow, and knappeth the spear in sunder. Ps. xlvi. 9 (Book of Common Prayer.)

2. To strike smartly; to rap; to snap. Bacon.

Knap

Knap, v. i. To make a sound of snapping. Wiseman.

Knap

Knap, n. A sharp blow or slap. Halliwell.

Knapbottle

Knap"bot`tle (?), n. (Bot.) The bladder campion (Silene inflata).

Knappish

Knap"pish (?), a. [See Knap to strike.] Snappish; peevish. [Obs.] Grafton.

Knapple

Knap"ple (?), v. i. [Freq. of knap, v., cf. D. knabbelen to gnaw.] To break off with an abrupt, sharp noise; to bite; to nibble. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Knappy

Knap"py (?), a. Having knaps; full of protuberances or humps; knobby. [Obs.] Huloet.

Knapsack

Knap"sack` (?), n. [D. knapzak; knappen to eat + zak a bag. See Knap, v. t., and Sack.] A case of canvas or leather, for carrying on the back a soldier's necessaries, or the clothing, etc., of a traveler.
And each one fills his knapsack or his scrip With some rare thing that on the field is found. Drayton.

Knapweed

Knap"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) The black centaury (Centaurea nigra); -- so called from the knoblike heads of flowers. Called also bullweed.

Knar

Knar (?), n. See Gnar. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Knarl

Knar"l (?), n. A knot in wood. See Gnarl.

Knarled

Knarled (?), a. Knotted. See Gnarled.

Knarred

Knarred (?), a. Knotty; gnarled.
The knarred and crooked cedar knees. Longfellow.

Knarry

Knar"ry (?), a. Knotty; gnarled. Chaucer.

Knave

Knave (?), n. [OE., boy, servant, knave, AS. cnafa boy, youth; cf. AS. cnapa boy, youth, D. kna, G. knabe boy, knappe esquire, Icel. knapi, Sw. knape esquire, kn\'84fvel knave.]

1. A boy; especially, a boy servant. [Obs.] Wyclif. Chaucer.

O murderous slumber, Lay'st thou thy leaden mace upon my boy That plays thee music ? Gentle knave, good night. Shak.

2. Any male servant; a menial. [Obs.] Chaucer.

He's but Fortune's knave, A minister of her will. Shak.

3. A tricky, deceitful fellow; a dishonest person; a rogue; a villain. "A pair of crafty knaves." Shak.

In defiance of demonstration, knaves will continue to proselyte fools. Ames.
&hand; "How many serving lads must have been unfaithful and dishonest before knave -which meant at first no more than boy -- acquired the meaning which it has now !" Trench.

4. A playing card marked with the figure of a servant or soldier; a jack. Knave child, a male child. [Obs.] Chaucer. Syn. -- Villain; cheat; rascal; rogue; scoundrel; miscreant.

Knavery

Knav"er*y (?), n.; pl. Knaveries (.

1. The practices of a knave; petty villainy; fraud; trickery; a knavish action.

This is flat knavery, to take upon you another man's name. Shak.

2. pl. Roguish or mischievous tricks. Shak.

Knaveship

Knave"ship, n. A small due, in meal, established by usage, which is paid to the under miller. [Scot.]

Knavess

Knav"ess (?), n. A knavish woman. Carlyle.

Knavish

Knav"ish, a.

1. Like or characteristic of a knave; given to knavery; trickish; fraudulent; dishonest; villainous; as, a knavish fellow, or a knavish trick. "Knavish politicians." Macaulay.

2. Mischievous; roguish; waggish.

Cupid is knavish lad, Thus to make poor females mad. Shak.

Knavishly

Knav"ish*ly, adv.

1. In a knavish manner; dishonestly; fraudulently. Holland.

2. Mischievously; waggishly; roguishly. "Knavishly witty." Gayton.

KNavishness

KNav"ish*ness, n. The quality or state of being knavish; knavery; dishonesty.

Knaw

Knaw (?), v. t. See Gnaw. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

Knawel

Knaw"el (?), n. [Akin to G. knauelk, kn\'84uel,prop., a ball of thread, coil. Cf. Clew.] (Bot.) A low, spreading weed (Scleranthus annuus), common in sandy soil.

Knead

Knead (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kneaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Kneading.] [OE. kneden, As. cnedan; akin to D. kneden, G. kneten, Sw. kn, Icel. kno; cf. OSlav.gnesti.]

1. To work and press into a mass, usually with the hands; esp., to work, as by repeated pressure with the knuckles, into a well mixed mass, as the materials of bread, cake, etc.; as, to knead dough.

The kneading, the making of the cake, the heating of the oven, and the baking. Shak.

2. Fig.: To treat or form as by kneading; to beat.

I will knead him : I'll make him supple. Shak.
Kneading trough, a trough or tray in which dough is kneaded. Ex. viii. 3.

Kneadable

Knead"a*ble (?), a. That may be kneaded; capable of being worked into a mass.

Kneader

Knead"er (?), n. One who kneads.

Kneadingly

Knead"ing*ly, adv. In the manner of one kneading.

Knebelite

Kne"bel*ite (?), n. [From Major von Knebel.] (Min.) A mineral of a gray, red, brown, or green color, and glistening luster. It is a silicate of iron and manganese.

Kneck

Kneck (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Naut.) The twisting of a rope or cable, as it is running out. [Eng.]

Knee

Knee (?), n. [OE. kne, cneo, As. cne\'a2, cne\'a2w; akin to OS. knio, kneo, OFries. kn\'c6, G. & D. knie, OHG. chniu, chneo, Icel. kn, Sw. kn\'84,Dan. kn\'91, Goth. kniu, L.genu, Gr. j\'benu, Cf. Genuflection.]

1. In man, the joint in the middle part of the leg.

2. (Anat.) (a) The joint, or region of the joint, between the thigh and leg. (b) In the horse and allied animals, the carpal joint, corresponding to the wrist in man.

3. (Mech. & Shipbuilding) A piece of timber or metal formed with an angle somewhat in the shape of the human knee when bent.

4. A bending of the knee, as in respect or courtesy.

Give them title, knee, and approbation. Shak.
Knee breeches. See under Breeches. -- Knee holly, Knee holm (Bot.), butcher's broom. -- Knee jerk (Physiol.) a jerk or kick produced by a blow or sudden strain upon the patellar tendon of the knee, which causes a sudden contraction of the quadriceps muscle; one of the so-called tendon reflexes. -- Knee joint. See in the Vocabulary. -- Knee timber, timber with knees or angles in it. -- Knee tribute, or Knee worship, tribute paid by kneeling; worship by genuflection. [Obs.] "Knee tribute yet unpaid." Milton.

Knee

Knee (?), v. t. To supplicate by kneeling. [Obs.]
Fall down, and knee The way into his mercy. Shak

Kneebrush

Knee"brush` (?), n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) A tuft or brush of hair on the knees of some species of antelopes and other animals; -- chiefly used in the plural.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A thick mass or collection of hairs on the legs of bees, by aid of which they carry the collected pollen to the hive or nest; -- usually in the plural.

Kneecap

Knee"cap` (?), n.

1. (Anat.) The kneepan.

2. A cap or protection for the knee. <-- kneecap v. t. to break the knees of, often by shooting in the kneecap. -- a method of punishment sometimes used by criminal organizations against people who offend them -->

Knee-crooking

Knee"-crook`ing (?), a. Obsequious; fawning; cringing. "Knee-crooking knave." Shak.

Kneed

Kneed (?), a.

1. Having knees;- used chiefly in composition; as, in-kneed; out-kneed; weak-kneed.

2. (Bot.) Geniculated; forming an obtuse angle at the joints, like the knee when a little bent; as, kneed grass.

Knee-deep

Knee"-deep` (?), a.

1. Rising to the knees; knee-high; as, water or snow knee-deep.

Grass knee-deep within a month. Milton.

2. Sunk to the knees; as, men knee-deep in water.

Where knee-deep the trees were standing. Longfellow.

Knee-high

Knee"-high` (?), a. Rising or reaching upward to the knees; as, the water is knee-high.

Kneejoint

Knee"joint` (?), n.

1. The joint of the knee.

2. (Mach.) A toggle joint; -- so called because consisting of two pieces jointed to each other end to end, making an angle like the knee when bent.

Kneejointed

Knee"joint`ed, a. (Bot.) Geniculate; kneed. See Kneed, a., 2.

Kneel

Kneel (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Knelt (?) or Kneeled (p. pr. & vb. n.
Kneeling.] [OE. knelen, cneolien; akin to D. knielen, Dan. kn\'91le. See Knee.] To bend the knee; to fall or rest on the knees; -- sometimes with down.
And he kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, Lord, lay not this sin to their charge. Acts vii. 60.
As soon as you are dressed, kneel and say the Lord's Prayer. Jer. Taylor.

Kneeler

Kneel"er (?), n.

1. One who kneels or who worships by or while kneeling. Tennyson.

2. A cushion or stool to kneel on.

3. (Eccl. Hist.) A name given to certain catechumens and penitents who were permitted to join only in parts of church worship.

Kneelingly

Kneel"ing*ly, adv. In a kneeling position.

Kneepan

Knee"pan` (?), n. (Anat.) A roundish, flattened, sesamoid bone in the tendon in front of the knee joint; the patella; the kneecap.

Kneepiece

Knee"piece` (?), n. A piece shaped like a knee; as, the kneepieces or ears of a boat.

Knell

Knell (?), n. [OE. knel, cnul, AS. cnyll, fr. cnyllan to sound a bell; cf. D. & G. knallen to clap, crack, G. & Sw. knall a clap, crack, loud sound, Dan. knalde to clap, crack. Cf. Knoll, n. & v.] The stoke of a bell tolled at a funeral or at the death of a person; a death signal; a passing bell; hence, figuratively, a warning of, or a sound indicating, the passing away of anything.
The dead man's knell Is there scarce asked for who. Shak.
The curfew tolls the knell of parting day. Gray.

Knell

Knell, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Knelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Knelling.] [OE. knellen, knillen, As. cnyllan. See Knell, n.] To sound as a knell; especially, to toll at a death or funeral; hence, to sound as a warning or evil omen.
Not worth a blessing nor a bell to knell for thee. Beau. & Fl.
Yet all that poets sing, and grief hath known, Of hopes laid waste, knells in that word, "alone". Ld. Lytton.

Knell

Knell, v. t. To summon, as by a knell.
Each matin bell, the baron saith, Knells us back to a world of death. Coleridge.

Knelt

Knelt (?), imp. & p. p. of Kneel.

Knew

Knew (?), imp. of Know.

Knicker

Knick"er (?), n. [D. knikker.] A small ball of clay, baked hard and oiled, used as a marble by boys in playing. [Prov. Eng. & U. S.] Halliwell. Bartlett.

Knickerbockers

Knick"er*bock`ers (?), n. pl. The name for a style of short breeches; smallclothes.

Knickknack

Knick"knack` (?), n. [See Knack.] A trifle or toy; a bawble; a gewgaw.

Knickknackatory

Knick"knack`a*to*ry (?), n. A collection of knickknacks. Richardson.

Knickknackery

Knick"knack`er*y (?), n. Knickknacks.

Knife

Knife (?), n.; pl. Knives (#). [OE. knif, AS. cn\'c6f; akin to D. knijf, Icel. kn\'c6fr, Sw. knif, Dan. kniv.]

1. An instrument consisting of a thin blade, usually of steel and having a sharp edge for cutting, fastened to a handle, but of many different forms and names for different uses; as, table knife, drawing knife, putty knife, pallet knife, pocketknife, penknife, chopping knife, etc. /as>.

2. A sword or dagger.

The coward conquest of a wretch's knife. Shak.
Knife grass (Bot.) a tropical American sedge (Scleria latifolia), having leaves with a very sharp and hard edge, like a knife. -- War to the knife, mortal combat; a conflict carried to the last extremity.

Knife

Knife, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Knifed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Knifing (?).]

1. (Hort.) To prune with the knife.

2. To cut or stab with a knife. [Low]

Knifeboard

Knife"board` (?), n. A board on which knives are cleaned or polished.

Knifeedge

Knife"*edge` (?), n. (Mech.) A piece of steel sharpened to an acute edge or angle, and resting on a smooth surface, serving as the axis of motion of a pendulum, scale beam, or other piece required to oscillate with the least possible friction. Knife-edge file. See Illust. of File.

Knight

Knight (?), n. [OE. knight, cniht, knight, soldier, As. cniht, cneoht, a boy, youth, attendant, military follower; akin to D. & G. knecht servant; perh. akin to E. kin.]

1. A young servant or follower; a military attendant. [Obs.]

2. (a) In feudal times, a man-at-arms serving on horseback and admitted to a certain military rank with special ceremonies, including an oath to protect the distressed, maintain the right, and live a stainless life. (b) One on whom knighthood, a dignity next below that of baronet, is conferred by the sovereign, entitling him to be addressed as Sir; as, Sir John. [Eng.] Hence: (c) A champion; a partisan; a lover. "Give this ring to my true knight." Shak "In all your quarrels will I be your knight." Tennyson.

Knights, by their oaths, should right poor ladies' harms. Shak.
&hand; Formerly, when a knight's name was not known, it was customary to address him as Sir Knight. The rank of a knight is not hereditary.

3. A piece used in the game of chess, usually bearing a horse's head.

4. A playing card bearing the figure of a knight; the knave or jack. [Obs.] Carpet knight. See under Carpet. -- Knight of industry. See Chevalier d'industrie, under Chevalier. -- Knight of Malta, Knight of Rhodes, Knight of St. John of Jerusalem. See Hospitaler. -- Knight of the post, one who gained his living by giving false evidence on trials, or false bail; hence, a sharper in general. Nares. "A knight of the post, . . . quoth he, for so I am termed; a fellow that will swear you anything for twelve pence." -- Nash. -- Knight of the shire, in England, one of the representatives of a county in Parliament, in distinction from the representatives of cities and boroughs. -- Knights commanders, Knights grand cross, different classes of the Order of the Bath. See under Bath, and Companion. Knights of labor, a secret organization whose professed purpose is to secure and maintain the rights of workingmen as respects their relations to their employers. [U. S.] -- Knights of Pythias, a secret order, founded in Washington, d.C., in 1864, for social and charitable purposes. -- Knights of the Round Table, knights belonging to an order which, according to the legendary accounts, was instituted by the mythical King Arthur. They derived their common title from the table around which they sat on certain solemn days. Brande & C.

Knight

Knight, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Knighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Knighting.] To dub or create (one) a knight; -- done in England by the sovereign only, who taps the kneeling candidate with a sword, saying: Rise, Sir ---.
A soldier, by the honor-giving hand Of Cknighted in the field. Shak.

Knightage

Knight"age (?), n. To body of knights, taken collectively.

Knight bachelor

Knight" bach"e*lor (?); pl. Knights bachelors (. A knight of the most ancient, but lowest, order of English knights, and not a member of any order of chivalry. See Bachelor, 4.

Knight banneret

Knight" ban"ner*et (?); pl. Knights bannerets. A knight who carried a banner, who possessed fiefs to a greater amount than the knight bachelor, and who was obliged to serve in war with a greater number of attendants. The dignity was sometimes conferred by the sovereign in person on the field of battle.

Knight baro-net

Knight" bar"o-net (?). See Baronet.

Knight-errant

Knight"-er`rant (?), n.; pl. Knight-errants, or Knights-errant. A wandering knight; a knight who traveled in search of adventures, for the purpose of exhibiting military skill, prowess, and generosity.

Knight-errantry

Knight"-er`rant*ry (?), n.; pl. Knight-errantries (. The character or actions of wandering knights; the practice of wandering in quest of adventures; chivalry; a quixotic or romantic adventure or scheme. <-- # in original, the "pl." mark is absent, and is added for consistency with other entries. -->
The rigid guardian [i. e., conscience] of a blameless heart Is weak with rank knight-erratries o'errun. Young.

Knight-er-ratic

Knight"-er-rat"ic (?), a. Pertaining to a knight-errant or to knight-errantry. [R.] Quart. Rev.

Knighthead

Knight"head` (?), n. (Naut.) A bollard timber. See under Bollard.

Knighthood

Knight"hood (?), n. [Knight + hood: cf. AS. chihth\'bed youth.]

1. The character, dignity, or condition of a knight, or of knights as a class; hence, chivalry. "O shame to knighthood." Shak.

If you needs must write, write C\'91sar's praise; You 'll gain at least a knighthood, or the bays. Pope.

2. The whole body of knights.

The knighthood nowadays are nothing like the knighthood of old time. Chapman.
&hand; "When the order of knighthood was conferred with full solemnity in the leisure of a court or court or city, imposing preliminary ceremonies were required of the candidate. He prepared himself by prayer and fasting, watched his arms at night in a chapel, and was then admitted with the performance of religious rites. Knighthood was conferred by the accolade, which, from the derivation of the name, would appear to have been originally an embrace; but afterward consisted, as it still does, in a blow of the flat of a sword on the back of the kneeling candidate." Brande & C.

Knightless

Knight"less, a. Unbecoming a knight. [Obs.] "Knightless guile." Spenser.

Knightliness

Knight"li*ness (?), n. The character or bearing suitable for a knight; chivalry. Spenser.

Knightly

Knight`ly, a. [AS. cnihtlic boyish.] Of or pertaining to a knight; becoming a knight; chivalrous; as, a knightly combat; a knightly spirit.
For knightly jousts and fierce encounters fit. Spenser.
[Excuses] full knightly without scorn. Tennyson.

Knightly

Knight"ly, adv. In a manner becoming a knight.
And why thou comest thus knightly clad in arms. Shak.

Knight marshal

Knight" mar"shal (?). (Eng. Law) An officer in the household of the British sovereign, who has cognizance of transgressions within the royal household and verge, and of contracts made there, a member of the household being one of the parties. Wharton.

Knight service

Knight" serv"ice (?). (Eng. Feud. Law) A tenure of lands held by knights on condition of performing military service. See Chivalry, n., 4.

Knight Templar

Knight" Tem"plar (?); pl. Knights Templars (. See Commandery, n., 3, and also Templar, n., 1 and 3.

Knit

Knit (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Knit or Knitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Knitting.] [OE. knitten, knutten, As. cnyttan, fr. cnotta knot; akin to Icel. kn, Sw. knyta, Dan. knytte. See Knot.]

1. To form into a knot, or into knots; to tie together, as cord; to fasten by tying.

A great sheet knit at the four corners. Acts x. 11.
When your head did but ache, I knit my handkercher about your brows. Shak.

2. To form, as a textile fabric, by the interlacing of yarn or thread in a series of connected loops, by means of needles, either by hand or by machinery; as, to knit stockings.

3. To join; to cause to grow together.

Nature can not knit the bones while the parts are under a discharge. Wiseman.

4. To unite closely; to connect; to engage; as, hearts knit together in love.

Thy merit hath my duty strongly knit. Shak.
Come , knit hands, and beat the ground, In a light fantastic round. Milton.
A link among the days, toknit The generations each to each. Tennyson.

5. To draw together; to contract into wrinkles.

knits his brow and shows an angry eye. Shak.

Knit

Knit, v. i.

1. To form a fabric by interlacing yarn or thread; to weave by making knots or loops.

2. To be united closely; to grow together; as, broken bones will in time knit and become sound. To knit up, to wind up; to conclude; to come to a close. "It remaineth to knit up briefly with the nature and compass of the seas." [Obs.] Holland.

Knit

Knit, n. Union knitting; texture. Shak.

Knitback

Knit"back` (?), n. (Bot.) The plant comfrey; -- so called from its use as a restorative. Dr. Prier.

Knitch, Knitchet

Knitch (?), Knitch"et (?), n. [Cf. Knit.] A number of things tied or knit together; a bundle; a fagot. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
When they [stems of asphodel] be dried, they ought to be made up into knitchets, or handfuls. Holland.

Knits

Knits (?), n. pl. [Prob. same word as nit a louse's egg.] (Mining) Small particles of ore. Raymond.

Knitster

Knit"ster (?), n. A woman who knits. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Knitter

Knit"ter (?), n. One who, or that which, knits, joins, or unites; a knitting machine. Shak.

Knitting

Knit"ting (?), n.

1. The work of a knitter; the network formed by knitting.

2. Union formed by knitting, as of bones. Knitting machine, one of a number of contrivances for mechanically knitting stockings, jerseys, and the like. -- Knitting , a stiff rod, as of steel wire, with rounded ends for knitting yarn or threads into a fabric, as in stockings. -- Knitting sheath, a sheath to receive the end of a needle in knitting.

Knittle

Knit"tle (?), n. [From Knit.]

1. A string that draws together a purse or bag. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

2. pl. (Naut.) See Nettles.

Knives

Knives (?), n. pl. of Knife. See Knife.

Knob

Knob (?), n. [A modification of knop. Cf. Nob.]

1. A hard protuberance; a hard swelling or rising; a bunch; a lump; as, a knob in the flesh, or on a bone.

2. A knoblike ornament or handle; as, the knob of a lock, door, or drawer. Chaucer.

3. A rounded hill or mountain; as, the Pilot Knob. [U. S.] Bartlett.

4. (Arch.) See Knop. Knob latch, a latch which can be operated by turning a knob, without using a key.

Knob

Knob, v. i. To grow into knobs or bunches; to become knobbed. [Obs.] Drant.

Knobbed

Knobbed (?), a. Containing knobs; full of knobs; ending in a nob. See Illust of Antenna.
The horns of a roe deer of Greenland are pointed at the top, and knobbed or tuberous at the bottom. Grew.

Knobber

Knob"ber (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Knobbler.

Knobbing

Knob"bing (?), n. (Stone Quarrying) Rough dressing by knocking off knobs or projections.

Knobbler

Knob"bler, n. (Zo\'94l.) The hart in its second year; a young deer. [Written also knobber.] Halliwell.
He has hallooed the hounds upon a velvet-headed knobbler. Sir W. Scott.

Knobbling fire

Knob"bling fire (?). A bloomery fire. See Bloomery.

Knobby

Knob"by, a. [From Knob.]

1. Full of, or covered with, knobs or hard protuberances. Dr. H. More.

2. Irregular; stubborn in particulars. [Obs.]

The informers continued in a knobby kind of obstinacy. Howell.

3. Abounding in rounded hills or mountains; hilly. [U.S.] Bartlett.

Knobstick

Knob"stick` (?), n. One who refuses to join, or withdraws from, a trades union. [Cant, Eng.]

Knock

Knock (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Knocked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Knocking.] [OE. knoken, AS. cnocian, cnucian; prob. of imitative origin; cf. Sw. knacka.Cf. Knack.]

1. To drive or be driven against something; to strike against something; to clash; as, one heavy body knocks against another. Bacon.

2. To strike or beat with something hard or heavy; to rap; as, to knock with a club; to knock on the door.

For harbor at a thousand doors they knocked. Dryden.
Seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you. Matt. vii. 7.
To knock about, to go about, taking knocks or rough usage; to wander about; to saunter. [Colloq.] "Knocking about town." W. Irving. -- To knock up, to fail of strength; to become wearied or worn out, as with labor; to give out. "The horses were beginning to knock up under the fatigue of such severe service." De Quincey.<-- (b) to make pregnant (vulgar) --> -- To knock off, to cease, as from work; to desist. -- To knock under, to yield; to submit; to acknowledge one's self conquered; -- an expression probably borrowed from the practice of knocking under the table with the knuckles, when conquered. "Colonel Esmond knocked under to his fate." Thackeray.

Knock

Knock (?), v. t.

1. To strike with something hard or heavy; to move by striking; to drive (a thing) against something; as, to knock a ball with a bat; to knock the head against a post; to knock a lamp off the table.

When heroes knock their knotty heads together. Rowe.

2. To strike for admittance; to rap upon, as a door.

Master, knock the door hard. Shak.
To knock down. (a) To strike down; to fell; to prostrate by a blow or by blows; as, to knock down an assailant. (b) To assign to a bidder at an auction, by a blow or knock; to knock off. -- To knock in the head, ∨ on the head, to stun or kill by a blow upon the head; hence, to put am end to; to defeat, as a scheme or project; to frustrate; to quash. [Colloq.] -- To knock off. (a) To force off by a blow or by beating. (b) To assign to a bidder at an auction, by a blow on the counter. (c) To leave off (work, etc.). [Colloq.] -- To knock out, to force out by a blow or by blows; as, to knock out the brains. -- To knock up. (a) To arouse by knocking. (b) To beat or tire out; to fatigue till unable to do more; as, the men were entirely knocked up. [Colloq.] "The day being exceedingly hot, the want of food had knocked up my followers." Petherick. (c) (Bookbinding) To make even at the edges, or to shape into book form, as printed sheets.<-- (d) To make pregnant. [vulgar: Often used in passive, "she got knocked up"] --> <-- [MW10]: Knock off (a) v. i. and t. to quit (working). (b) accomplish, frequently used when the task is accomplished rapidly. (c) (Coll.) to kill; to defeat (opponents). (d) to discount, to deduct (a sum from a price). (d) rob. (also "knock over") (e) to make a knockoff of; copy, imitate.-->

Knock

Knock, n.

1. A blow; a stroke with something hard or heavy; a jar.

2. A stroke, as on a door for admittance; a rap. " A knock at the door." Longfellow.

A loud cry or some great knock. Holland.
Knock off, a device in a knitting machine to remove loops from the needles.

Knockdown

Knock"down` (?), n. A felling by a knock, as of a combatant, or of an animal.

Knockdown

Knock"down`, a. Of force sufficient to fell or completely overthrow; as, a knockdown blow; a knockdown argument. [Colloq.]

Knocker

Knock"er (?), n. One who, or that which, knocks; specifically, an instrument, or kind of hammer, fastened to a door, to be used in seeking for admittance.
Shut, shut the door, good John ! fatigued, <-I said; Tie up the knocker; say I'm sick, I'm dead. Pope.

Knocking

Knock"ing, n. A beating; a rap; a series of raps.
The . . . repeated knockings of the head upon the ground by the Chinese worshiper. H. Spencer.

Knockings

Knock"ings (?), n. pl. (Mining) Large lumps picked out of the sieve, in dressing ore.

Knock-knee

Knock"-knee` (?), n. (Med.) A condition in which the knees are bent in so as to touch each other in walking; inknee.

Knock-kneed

Knock"-kneed` (?), a. Having the legs bent inward so that the knees touch in walking. [Written also knack-kneed.] <-- knockoff. a cheap imitation of something popular, often produced illegally and of inferior materials. -->

Knockstone

Knock"stone` (?), n. (Mining) A block upon which ore is broken up.

Knoll

Knoll (?), n. [AS. cnoll; akin to G. knolle, knollen, clod, lump, knob, bunch, OD. knolle ball, bunch, Sw. kn\'94l, Dan. knold.] A little round hill; a mound; a small elevation of earth; the top or crown of a hill.
On knoll or hillock rears his crest, Lonely and huge, the giant oak. Sir W. Scott.

Knoll

Knoll (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Knolled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Knolling.] [OE. knollen, AS. cnyllan. See Knell.] To ring, as a bell; to strike a knell upon; to toll; to proclaim, or summon, by ringing. "Knolled to church." Shak.
Heavy clocks knolling the drowsy hours. Tennyson.

Knoll

Knoll, v. i. To sound, as a bell; to knell. Shak.
For a departed being's soul The death hymn peals, and the hollow bells knoll. Byron.

Knoll

Knoll, n. The tolling of a bell; a knell. [R.] Byron.

Knoller

Knoll"er, n. One who tolls a bell. [Obs.] Sherwood.

Knop

Knop (?), n. [OE. knop, knoppe; cf. D.knop, knoop, G. knopf, Dan. knap, knop, Sw. knapp, knopp, button, bud, Icel. knappr, and E. knap, n. Cf. Knap, Knob.]

1. A knob; a bud; a bunch; a button.

Four bowls made like unto almonds, with their knops and their flowers. Ex. xxv. 21.

2. (Arch.) Any boldly projecting sculptured ornament; esp., the ornamental termination of a pinnacle, and then synonymous with finial; -- called also knob, and knosp. Knop sedge (Bot.), the bur reed (Sparganium); -- so called from its globular clusters of seed vessels. Prior.

Knopped

Knopped (?), a. Having knops or knobs; fastened as with buttons. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Knoppern

Knop"pern (?), n. [Cf. G. knopper. See Knop.] (Zo\'94l.) A kind of gall produced by a gallfly on the cup of an acorn, -- used in tanning and dyeing.

Knopweed

Knop"weed` (?), n. Same as Knapweed.

Knor

Knor (?), n. See Knur. [Obs.]

Knosp

Knosp (?), n. [Cf. G. knospe bud, E. knop, knar.] (Arch.) Same as Knop,2. Milman.

Knot

Knot (?), n. [OE. knot, knotte, AS. cnotta; akin to D. knot, OHG. chnodo, chnoto, G. knoten, Icel. kn, Sw. knut, Dan. knude, and perh. to L. nodus. Cf. Knout, Knit.]

1. (a) A fastening together of the pars or ends of one or more threads, cords, ropes, etc., by any one of various ways of tying or entangling. (b) A lump or loop formed in a thread, cord, rope. etc., as at the end, by tying or interweaving it upon itself. (c) An ornamental tie, as of a ribbon. &hand; The names of knots vary according to the manner of their making, or the use for which they are intended; as, dowknot, reef knot, stopper knot, diamond knot, etc.

2. A bond of union; a connection; a tie. "With nuptial knot." Shak.

Ere we knit the knot that can never be loosed. Bp. Hall.

3. Something not easily solved; an intricacy; a difficulty; a perplexity; a problem.

Knots worthy of solution. Cowper.
A man shall be perplexed with knots, and problems of business, and contrary affairs. South.

4. A figure the lines of which are interlaced or intricately interwoven, as in embroidery, gardening, etc. "Garden knots." Bacon.

Flowers worthy of paradise, which, not nice art In beds and curious knots, but nature boon Poured forth profuse on hill, and dale, and plain. Milton.

5. A cluster of persons or things; a collection; a group; a hand; a clique; as, a knot of politicians. "Knots of talk." Tennyson.

His ancient knot of dangerous adversaries. Shak.
Palms in cluster, knots of Paradise. Tennyson.
As they sat together in small, separate knots, they discussed doctrinal and metaphysical points of belief. Sir W. Scott.

6. A portion of a branch of a tree that forms a mass of woody fiber running at an angle with the grain of the main stock and making a hard place in the timber. A loose knot is generally the remains of a dead branch of a tree covered by later woody growth.

7. A knob, lump, swelling, or protuberance.

With lips serenely placid, felt the knot Climb in her throat. Tennyson.

8. A protuberant joint in a plant.

9. The point on which the action of a story depends; the gist of a matter. [Obs.]

I shoulde to the knotte condescend, And maken of her walking soon an end. Chaucer.

10. (Mech.) See Node.

11. (Naut.) (a) A division of the log line, serving to measure the rate of the vessel's motion. Each knot on the line bears the same proportion to a mile that thirty seconds do to an hour. The number of knots which run off from the reel in half a minute, therefore, shows the number of miles the vessel sails in an hour. Hence: (b) A nautical mile, or 6080.27 feet; as, when a ship goes eight miles an hour, her speed is said to be eight knots.

12. A kind of epaulet. See Shoulder knot.

13. (Zo\'94l.) A sandpiper (Tringa canutus), found in the northern parts of all the continents, in summer. It is grayish or ashy above, with the rump and upper tail coverts white, barred with dusky. The lower parts are pale brown, with the flanks and under tail coverts white. When fat it is prized by epicures. Called also dunne. &hand; The name is said to be derived from King Canute, this bird being a favorite article of food with him.

The knot that called was Canutus' bird of old, Of that great king of Danes his name that still doth hold, His appetite to please that far and near was sought. Drayton.

Knot

Knot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Knotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Knotting.]

1. To tie in or with, or form into, a knot or knots; to form a knot on, as a rope; to entangle. "Knotted curls." Drayton.

As tight as I could knot the noose. Tennyson.

2. To unite closely; to knit together. Bacon.

3. To entangle or perplex; to puzzle. [Obs. or R.]

Knot

Knot, v. i.

1. To form knots or joints, as in a cord, a plant, etc.; to become entangled.

Cut hay when it begins to knot. Mortimer.

2. To knit knots for fringe or trimming.

3. To copulate; -- said of toads. [R.] Shak.

Knotberry

Knot"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) The cloudberry (Rudus Cham\'91morus); -- so called from its knotted stems.

Knotgrass

Knot"grass` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) a common weed with jointed stems (Polygonum aviculare); knotweed. (b) The dog grass. See under Dog. &hand; An infusion of Polygonum aviculare was once supposed to have the effect of stopping the growth of an animal, and hence it was called, as by Shakespeare, "hindering knotgrass."
We want a boy extremely for this function, Kept under for a year with milk and knotgrass. Beau. & Fl.

Knotless

Knot"less, a. Free from knots; without knots. "Silver firs with knotless trunks." Congreve.

Knotted

Knot"ted (?), a.

1. Full of knots; having knots knurled; as, a knotted cord; the knotted oak. Dryden.

2. Interwoven; matted; entangled.

Make . . . thy knotted and combined locks to part. Shak.

3. Having intersecting lines or figures.

The west corner of thy curious knotted garden. Shak.

4. (Geol.) Characterized by small, detached points, chiefly composed of mica, less decomposable than the mass of the rock, and forming knots in relief on the weathered surface; as, knotted rocks. Percival.

5. Entangled; puzzling; knotty. [R.]

They're catched in knotted lawlike nets. Hudibras.

Knottiness

Knot"ti*ness (?), n. [From Knotty.]

1. The quality or state of being knotty or full of knots.

2. Difficulty of solution; intricacy; complication. " Knottiness of his style." Hare.

Knotty

Knot"ty (?), a. [Compar. Knottier (?); superl. Knottiest.]

1. Full of knots; knotted; having many knots; as, knotty timber; a knotty rope.

2. Hard; rugged; as, a knotty head.[R.] Rewe.

3. Difficult; intricate; perplexed.

A knotty point to which we now proceed Pope.

Knotweed

Knot"weed" (?), n. (Bot.) See Knot.

Knotwort

Knot"wort (?), n. (Bot.) A small, herbaceous, trailing plant, of the genus Illecebrum (I. verticillatum.)

Knout

Knout (nout ∨ n??t), n. [Russ. knut'; prob. of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. knut knot, knout, Icel. kn knot: cf. F. knout. See Knot.] A kind of whip for flogging criminals, formerly much used in Russia. The last is a tapering bundle of leather thongs twisted with wire and hardened, so that it mangles the flesh.

Knout

Knout, v. t. To punish with the knout Brougham.

Know

Know (?), n. Knee. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Know

Know (?), v. t. [imp. Knew (?); p. p. Known (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Knowing.] [OE. knowen, knawen, AS. cn\'84wan; akin to OHG. chn\'84an (in comp.), Icel. kn\'84 to be able, Russ, znate to know, L. gnoscere, noscere, Gr. jn; fr. the root of E. can, v. i., ken. (Ken, Can to be able, and cf. Acquaint, Cognition, Gnome, Ignore, Noble, Note.]

1. To perceive or apprehend clearly and certainly; to understand; to have full information of; as, to know one's duty.

O, that a man might know The end of this day's business ere it come! Shak.
There is a certainty in the proposition, and we know it. Dryden.
Know how sublime a thing it is To suffer and be strong. Longfellow.

2. To be convinced of the truth of; to be fully assured of; as, to know things from information.

3. To be acquainted with; to be no stranger to; to be more or less familiar with the person, character, etc., of; to possess experience of; as, to know an author; to know the rules of an organization.

He hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin. 2 Cor. v. 21.
Not to know me argues yourselves unknown. Milton.

4. To recognize; to distinguish; to discern the character of; as, to know a person's face or figure.

Ye shall know them by their fruits. Matt. vil. 16.
And their eyes were opened, and they knew him. Luke xxiv. 31.
To know Faithful friend from flattering foe. Shak.
At nearer view he thought he knew the dead. Flatman.

5. To have sexual commerce with.

And Adam knew Eve his wife. Gen. iv. 1.
&hand; Know is often followed by an objective and an infinitive (with or without to) or a participle, a dependent sentence, etc.
And I knew that thou hearest me always. John xi. 42.
The monk he instantly knew to be the prior. Sir W. Scott.
In other hands I have known money do good. Dickens.
To know how, to understand the manner, way, or means; to have requisite information, intelligence, or sagacity. How is sometimes omitted. " If we fear to die, or know not to be patient." Jer. Taylor.

Know

Know, v. i.

1. To have knowledge; to have a clear and certain perception; to possess wisdom, instruction, or information; -- often with of.

Israel doth not know, my people doth not consider. Is. i. 3.
If any man will do his will, he shall know of the doctrine, whether it be of God, or whether I speak of myself. John vii. 17.
The peasant folklore of Europe still knows of willows that bleed and weep and speak when hewn. Tylor.

2. To be assured; to feel confident. To know of,to ask, to inquire. [Obs.] " Know of your youth, examine well your blood." Shak.

Knowable

Know"a*ble (?), a. That may be known; capable of being discovered, understood, or ascertained.
Thus mind and matter, as known or knowable, are only two different series of phenomena or qualities. Sir W. Hamilton.

Knowa bleness

Know"a* ble*ness, n. The state or quality of being knowable. Locke.

Know-all

Know"-all` (?), n. One who knows everything; hence, one who makes pretension to great knowledge; a wiseacre; -- usually ironical. [Colloq. or R.]<-- = know-it-all -->

Knower

Know"er (?), n. One who knows. Shak.

Knowing

Know"ing, a.

1. Skilful; well informed; intelligent; as, a knowing man; a knowing dog.

The knowing and intelligent part of the world. South.

2. Artful; cunning; as, a knowing rascal. [Colloq.]

Knowing

Know"ing, n. Knowledge; hence, experience. " In my knowing." Shak.
This sore night Hath trifled former knowings. Shak.

Knowingly

Know"ing*ly, adv.

1. With knowledge; in a knowing manner; intelligently; consciously; deliberately; as, he would not knowingly offend. Strype.

2. By experience. [Obs.] Shak.

Knowingness

Know"ing*ness, n. The state or quality of being knowing or intelligent; shrewdness; skillfulness.

Knowleche

Knowl"eche (?), n. & v. [Obs.] See Knowl, edge.
We consider and knowleche that we have offended. Chaucer.

Page 819

Knowleching

Knowl"ech*ing (?), n. Knowledge. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Knowledge

Knowl"edge (?), n. [OE. knowlage, knowlege, knowleche, knawleche. The last part is the Icel. suffix -leikr, forming abstract nouns, orig. the same as Icel. leikr game, play, sport, akin to AS. l\'bec, Goth. laiks dance. See Know, and cf. Lake, v. i., Lark a frolic.]

1. The act or state of knowing; clear perception of fact, truth, or duty; certain apprehension; familiar cognizance; cognition.

Knowledge, which is the highest degree of the speculative faculties, consists in the perception of the truth of affirmative or negative propositions. Locke.

2. That which is or may be known; the object of an act of knowing; a cognition; -- chiefly used in the plural.

There is a great difference in the delivery of the mathematics, which are the most abstracted of knowledges. Bacon.
Knowledges is a term in frequent use by Bacon, and, though now obsolete, should be revived, as without it we are compelled to borrow "cognitions" to express its import. Sir W. Hamilton.
To use a word of Bacon's, now unfortunately obsolete, we must determine the relative value of knowledges. H. Spencer.

3. That which is gained and preserved by knowing; instruction; acquaintance; enlightenment; learning; scholarship; erudition.

Knowledge puffeth up, but charity edifieth. 1 Cor. viii. 1.
Ignorance is the curse of God; - Knowledge, the wing wherewith we fly to heaven. Shak.

4. That familiarity which is gained by actual experience; practical skill; as, a knowledge of life.

Shipmen that had knowledge of the sea. 1 Kings ix. 27.

5. Scope of information; cognizance; notice; as, it has not come to my knowledge.

Why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou shouldst take knowledge of me? Ruth ii. 10.

6. Sexual intercourse; -- usually preceded by carnal; as, carnal knowledge. Syn. -- See Wisdom.

Knowledge

Knowl"edge, v. t. To acknowledge. [Obs.] "Sinners which knowledge their sins." Tyndale.

Known

Known (?), p. p. of Know.

Know-nothing

Know"-noth`ing (?), n. A member of a secret political organization in the United States, the chief objects of which were the proscription of foreigners by the repeal of the naturalization laws, and the exclusive choice of native Americans for office. &hand; The party originated in 1853, and existed for about three years. The members of it were called Know-nothings, because they replied "I don't know," to any questions asked them in reference to the party.

Know-nothingism

Know"-noth`ing*ism (?), n. The doctrines, principles, or practices, of the Know-nothings.

Knubs

Knubs (?), n. pl. Waste silk formed in winding off the threads from a cocoon.

Knuckle

Knuc"kle (?), n. [OE. knokel, knokil, AS. cuncel; akin to D. knokkel, OFries. knokele, knokle, G. kn\'94chel, Sw. knoge, Dan. knokkel, G. knochen bone, and perh. to E. knock.]

1. The joint of a finger, particularly when made prominent by the closing of the fingers. Davenant.

2. The kneejoint, or middle joint, of either leg of a quadruped, especially of a calf; -- formerly used of the kneejoint of a human being.

With weary knuckles on thy brim she kneeled sadly down. Golding.

3. The joint of a plant. [Obs.] Bacon.

4. (Mech.) The joining pars of a hinge through which the pin or rivet passes; a knuckle joint.

5. (Shipbuilding) A convex portion of a vessel's figure where a sudden change of shape occurs, as in a canal boat, where a nearly vertical side joins a nearly flat bottom.

6. A contrivance, usually of brass or iron, and furnished with points, worn to protect the hand, to add force to a blow, and to disfigure the person struck; as, brass knuckles; -- called also knuckle duster. [Slang.] Knuckle joint (Mach.), a hinge joint, in which a projection with an eye, on one piece, enters a jaw between two corresponding projections with eyes, on another piece, and is retained by a pin which passes through the eyes and forms the pivot. -- Knuckle of veal (Cookery), the lower part of a leg of veal, from the line of the body to the knuckle.

Knuckle

Knuc"kle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Knuckled (?);; p. pr. & vb. n. Knuckling (?).] To yield; to submit; -- used with down, to, or under. To knuckle to. (a) To submit to in a contest; to yield to. [Colloq.] See To knock under, under Knock, v. i. (b) To apply one's self vigorously or earnestly to; as, to knuckle to work. [Colloq.]

Knuckle

Knuc"kle, v. t. To beat with the knuckles; to pommel. [R.] Horace Smith.

Knuckled

Knuc"kled (?), a. Jointed. [Obs.] Bacon.

Knuff

Knuff (?), n. [Cf. Cnof a churl.] A lout; a clown. [Obs.]
The country knuffs, Hob, Dick, and Hick, With clubs and clouted shoon. Hayward.

Knur

Knur, n. [See Knurl.] A knurl. Woodward.

Knurl

Knurl (?), n. [See Knar, Gnar.] A contorted knot in wood; a crossgrained protuberance; a nodule; a boss or projection.

2. One who, or that which, is crossgrained.

Knurl

Knurl (?), v. t. To provide with ridges, to assist the grasp, as in the edge of a flat knob, or coin; to mill.

Knurled

Knurled (?), a.

1. Full of knots; gnarled.

2. Milled, as the head of a screw, or the edge of a coin.

Knurly

Knurl"y (?), [Compar. Knurlier (; superl. Knurliest.] [See Knur, and cf. Gnarly.] Full of knots; hard; tough; hence, capable of enduring or resisting much.

Knurry

Knur"ry (?), a. Full of knots. [Obs.] Drayton.

Koaita

Ko*ai"ta (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Coaita.

Koala

Ko*a"la (?), n. A tailless marsupial (Phascolarctos cinereus), found in Australia. The female carries her young on the back of her neck. Called also Australian bear, native bear, and native sloth. <-- and koala bear. -->

Kob, Koba

Kob (?), Ko"ba (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of African antelopes of the genus Kobus, esp. the species Kobus sing-sing.

Kobalt

Ko"balt (?), n. See Cobalt.

Kobellite

Ko"bel*lite, n. [From Franz von Kobell, of Munich.] (Min.) A blackish gray mineral, a sulphide of antimony, bismuth, and lead.

Kobold

Ko"bold (?), n. [G., perh. orig., house god, hose protector. See Cobalt] A kind of domestic spirit in German mythology, corresponding to the Scottish brownie and the English Robin Goodfellow.

Kodak

Ko"dak (?), n. A kind of portable camera.

Koel

Ko"el (?), n. [Native name in India.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of cuckoos of the genus Eudynamys, found in India, the East Indies, and Australia. They deposit their eggs in the nests of other birds.

Koff

Koff (?), n. [D. kof.] A two-masted Dutch vessel.

Kohinoor, Kohnur

Koh`i*noor", Koh`*nur (?), n. [Per. koh-i-n, lit., mountain of light.] A famous diamond, surrendered to the British crown on the annexation of the Punjab. According to Hindoo legends, it was found in a Golconda mine, and has been the property of various Hindoo and Persian rulers.

Kohl

Kohl (?), n. [See Alcohol.] A mixture of soot and other ingredients, used by Egyptian and other Eastern women to darken the edges of the eyelids.

Kohl-rabi

Kohl"-ra`bi (?), n.; pl. Kohl-rabies (#). [G. Cf. Cole, Rape the plant.] (Bot.) A variety of cabbage, in which the edible part is a large, turnip-shaped swelling of the stem, above the surface of the ground.

Kokama

Ko*ka"ma (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The gemsbok.

Koklass

Ko"klass (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any pheasant of the genus Pucrasia. The birds of this genus inhabit India and China, and are distinguished by having a long central and two lateral crests on the head. Called also pucras.

Kokoon

Ko*koon" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The gnu.

Kolarian

Ko*la"ri*an (?), n. (Ethnol.) An individual of one of the races of aboriginal inhabitants which survive in Hindostan. -- a. Of or pertaining to the Kolarians.

Komenic

Ko*me"nic (?), a. [Prob. G. mekonin (by transposition of letters) + -ic.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to, or designating, an acid derived from meconic acid. [Written also comenic.]

Komtok

Kom"tok (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An African freshwater fish (Protopterus annectens), belonging to the Dipnoi. It can breathe air by means of its lungs, and when waters dry up, it encases itself in a nest of hard mud, where it remains till the rainy season. It is used as food.

Kon

Kon (?), v. t. To know. See Can, and Con. [Obs.]
Ye konnen thereon as much as any man. Chaucer.

Konite

Ko"nite (?), n. (Min.) See Conite.

Konze

Konze (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large African antelope (Alcelaphus Lichtensteini), allied to the hartbeest, but having shorter and flatter horns, and lacking a black patch on the face.

Koodoo

Koo"doo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large South African antelope (Strepsiceros kudu). The males have graceful spiral horns, sometimes four feet long. The general color is reddish or grayish brown, with eight or nine white bands on each side, and a pale dorsal stripe. The old males become dark bluish gray, due to the skin showing through the hair. The females are hornless. Called also nellut. [Written also kudu.]

Kookoom

Koo"koom (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The oryx or gemsbok. [Written also kookaam.]

Koolokamba

Koo`lo*kam"ba (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A west African anthropoid ape (Troglodytes koolokamba, or T. Aubryi), allied to the chimpanzee and gorilla, and, in some respects, intermediate between them.

Koolslaa

Kool"slaa` (?), n. See Coleslaw.

Koord

Koord (?), n. See Kurd.

Koordish

Koord"ish, n. See Kurdish.

Koorilian

Koo*ril"i*an (?), a & n. Same as Kurilian.

Kopeck

Ko"peck (?), n. [Russ. kopeika.] A small Russian coin. One hundred kopecks make a rouble, worth about sixty cents<-- in 1910, but three hundredths of a cent at the end of 1994. By 1992, obsolete and no longer minted. -->. [Written also kopek, copec, and copeck.]

Koran

Ko"ran (?; 277), n. [Ar. gor\'ben. See Alcoran.] The Scriptures of the Mohammedans, containing the professed revelations to Mohammed; -- called also Alcoran. [Written also Kuran or Quran.]

Korin

Ko"rin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The gazelle.

Korrigum

Kor"ri*gum (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A West African antelope (Damalis Senegalensis), allied to the sassaby. It is reddish gray, with a black face, and a black stripe on the outside of the legs above the knees.

Kosmos

Kos"mos (?), n. See Cosmos. Gladstone.

Kotow

Ko*tow" (?), n. [Chinese, knock head.] The prostration made by mandarins and others to their superiors, either as homage or worship, by knocking the forehead on the ground. There are degrees in the rite, the highest being expressed by three knockings. [China]<-- now now kowtow --> S. W. Williams.

Kotow

Ko*tow", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kotowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kotowing.] To perform the kotow.<-- now kowtow -->

Koulan

Kou"lan (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A wild horse (Equus, or Asinus, onager) inhabiting the plants of Central Asia; -- called also gour, khur, and onager. [Written also kulan.] &hand; It is sometimes confounded with the dziggetai, to which it is closely related. It is gray in winter, but fulvous in summer. It has a well defined, dark, dorsal stripe, and a short, erect mane. In size, it is intermediate between the horse and ass.

Koumiss

Kou"miss (?), n. [Russ. kumys; of Mongolian origin.] An intoxicating fermented or distilled liquor originally made by the Tartars from mare's or camel's milk. It can be obtained from any kind of milk, and is now largely made in Europe. [Written also koumyss, kumiss, kumish, and kumys.]
Koumiss has from time immemorial served the Tartar instead of wine or spirits. J. H. Newman.

Kousso

Kous"so (?), n. (Bot.) An Abyssinian rosaceous tree (Brayera anthelmintica), the flowers of which are used as a vermifuge. [Written also cusso and kosso.]

Kowtow

Kow*tow" (?), n. & v. i. The same as Kotow.
I have salaamed and kowtowed to him. H. James.

Kra

Kra (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A long-tailed ape (Macacus cynomolgus) of India and Sumatra. It is reddish olive, spotted with black, and has a black tail.

Kraal

Kraal (?; 277), n. [D., a village, inclosure, park, prob. fr. Pg. curral a cattle pen; the same word as Sp. corral. See Corral.]

1. A collection of huts within a stockade; a village; sometimes, a single hut. [South Africa]

2. An inclosure into which are driven wild elephants which are to be tamed and educated. [Ceylon]

Krait

Krait (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A very venomous snake of India (Bungarus c\'d2ruleus), allied to the cobra. Its upper parts are bluish or brownish black, often with narrow white streaks; the belly is whitish.

Kraken

Kra"ken (?), n. [Prob. from OSw. krake, or ODan. krage the trunk of a tree, the branches of which are not entirely cut off, to which it was likened by the Norwegian mariners.] A fabulous Scandinavian sea monster, often represented as resembling an island, but sometimes as resembling an immense octopus.
To believe all that has been said of the sea serpent or kraken, would be credulity; to reject the possibility of their existence, would be presumption. Goldsmith.
Like a kraken huge and black. Longfellow.

Krakowiak

Kra*ko"wi*ak (?), n. (Mus.) A lively Polish dance. See Cracovienne.

Krameria

Kra*me"ri*a (?), n. [NL. So called after the German botanists, J. G. H. & W. H. Kramer.] (Bot.) A genus of spreading shrubs with many stems, from one species of which (K. triandra), found in Peru, rhatany root, used as a medicine, is obtained.

Krameric

Kra*mer"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, Krameria (rhatany); as, krameric acid, usually called ratanhia-tannic acid.

Krang

Krang (?), n. [Cf. D. kreng a carcass.] The carcass of a whale after the blubber has been removed. [Written also crang and kreng.]

Kranging hook

Krang"ing hook` (?). (Whaling) A hook for holding the blubber while cutting it away. [Written also cranging hook.]

Kreatic

Kre*at"ic (?), a. See Creatic.

Kreatin

Kre"a*tin (?), n. (Chem.) See Creatin.

Kreatinin

Kre*at"i*nin (?), n. (Chem.) See Creatinin.

Kreel

Kreel (?), n.See Creel.

Kremlin

Krem"lin (?), n. [Russ. kremle.] The citadel of a town or city; especially, the citadel of Moscow, a large inclosure which contains imperial palaces, cathedrals, churches, an arsenal, etc. [Russia] <-- (metaphorically) the government of Russia (or, 1920-1992, of the Soviet Union) -->

Krems

Krems (?), n. A variety of white lead. See Krems lead, under Lead, n.

Kreng

Kreng (?), n. See Krang.

Kreosote

Kre"o*sote (?), n. See Creosote.

Kreutzer

Kreut"zer (?), n. [G. kreuzer.] A small copper coin formerly used in South Germany; also, a small Austrian copper coin. [Written also kreuzer.]

Kriegsspiel

Kriegs"spiel` (, n. [G., fr. krieg war + spiel play.] A game of war, played for practice, on maps. Farrow.

Kris

Kris (?), n. A Malay dagger. See Creese.

Krishna

Krish"na (, n. [Skr. (Hindoo Myth.) The most popular of the Hindoo divinities, usually held to be the eighth incarnation of the god Vishnu.
Page 820

Kritarchy

Kri"tarch*y (?), n. [Gr. The rule of the judges over Israel.
Samson, Jephthah, Gideon, and other heroes of the kritarchy. Southey.

Krokidolite

Kro*kid"o*lite (?), n. (Min.) See Crocidolite.

Krone

Kro"ne (?), n.[Dan.] A coin of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, of the value of about twenty-eight cents. See Crown, n., 9.

Krooman

Kroo"man (?), n.; pl. Kroomen (. One of a negro tribe of Liberia and the adjacent coast, whose members are much employed on shipboard.

Kruller

Krul"ler (?), n. See Cruller.

Krummhorn, Krumhorn

Krumm"horn`, Krum"horn` (?), n. [G. krummhorn horn.] (Mus.) (a) A reed instrument of music of the cornet kind, now obsolete (see Cornet, 1, a.) (b) A reed stop in the organ; -- sometimes called cremona.

Krupp gun

Krupp" gun" (?). A breech-loading steel cannon manufactured at the works of Friedrich Krupp, at Essen in Prussia. Guns of over eight-inch bore are made up of several concentric cylinders; those of a smaller size are forged solid. Knight.

Kryolite

Kry"o*lite (?), n. (Min.) See Cryolite.

Ksar

Ksar (?), n. See Czar.

Kshatriya, Kshatruya

Ksha"tri*ya (?), Ksha"tru*ya (?), n.[Skr. kshatriya one belonging to the military caste.] The military caste, the second of the four great Hindoo castes; also, a member of that caste. See Caste. [India]

Kuda

Ku"da (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The East Indian tapir. See Tapir.

Kudos

Ku"dos (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ky^dos glory.] Glory; fame; renown; praise. W. H. Russel.

Kudos

Ku"dos, v. t. To praise; to extol; to glorify. "Kudos'd egregiously." [R.] Southey.

Kudu

Ku"du (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Koodoo.

Kufic

Ku"fic (?), a. See Cufic.

Kukang

Ku*kang" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) [Native name.] The slow lemur. See Lemur.

Kuklux

Ku`klux" (?), n. The name adopted in the southern part of the United States by a secret political organization, active for several years after the close of the Civil War, and having for its aim the repression of the political power of the freedmen; -- called also Kuklux Klan.<-- also spelled Ku Klux Klan, also called the Klan. -->

Kulan

Ku"lan (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Koulan.

Kumish, Kumiss

Ku"mish (?), Ku"miss (?), n. See Koumiss.

Kummel

Kum"mel (?), n. [G. k\'81mmel cumin, caraway seed, L. cuminum. Cf. Cumin.] A Russian and German liqueur, consisting of a sweetened spirit flavored with caraway seeds.

Kumquat

Kum"quat (?), n. [Chin. kin keu.] (Bot.) A small tree of the genus Citrus (C. Japonica) growing in China and Japan; also, its small acid, orange-colored fruit used for preserves.

Kupfernickel

Kup"fer*nick"el (?), n. [G. See Copper, and Nickel.] (Min.) Copper-nickel; niccolite. See Niccolite.

Kurd

Kurd (?), n.A native or inhabitant of a mountainous region of Western Asia belonging to the Turkish and Persian monarchies. [Written also Koord.]<-- parts of this group live in Turkey, Iran, and Iraq -->

Kurdish

Kurd"ish, a. Of or pertaining to the Kurds. [Written also Koordish.]

Kurilian

Ku*ril"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Kurile Islands, a chain of islands in the Pacific ocean, extending from the southern extremity of Kamschatka to Yesso. -- n. A native or an inhabitant of the Kurile Islands. [Written also Koorilian.]

Kursaal

Kur"saal` (?), n.[G.] A public hall or room, for the use of visitors at watering places and health resorts in Germany.

Kusimanse

Ku`si*man"se (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous animal (Crossarchus obscurus) of tropical Africa. It its allied to the civets. Called also kusimansel, and mangue.

Kuskus

Kus"kus (?), [Per. & Hind. khaskhas.] (Bot.) See Vetiver.

Kussier

Kus"si*er (?), n. (Mus.) A Turkish instrument of music, with a hollow body covered with skin, over which five strings are stretched. [Written also kussir.]

Kutauss

Ku*tauss" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The India civet (Viverra zibetha).

Kutch

Kutch (?), n. (Goldbeating) The packet of vellum leaves in which the gold is first beaten into thin sheets.

Kutch

Kutch, n. See Catechu.

Ky

Ky (?), n. pl. Kine. [Scot.] See Kee, Kie, and Kine.

Kyaboca wood

Ky`a*bo"ca wood` (?). (Bot.) (a) Amboyna wood. (b) Sandalwood (Santalum album).

Kyannite

Ky"an*nite (?), n. See Cyanite.

Kyanize

Ky"an*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kyanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kyanizing (?).] [From Mr. Kyan, the inventor of the process.] To render (wood) proof against decay by saturating with a solution of corrosive sublimate in open tanks, or under pressure.

Kyanol

Ky"a*nol (?), n. [See Cyanite.] (Chem.) (a) Aniline. [Obs.] (b) A base obtained from coal tar. Ure.

Kyanophyll

Ky*an"o*phyll (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Cyanophyll.

Kyar

Kyar (?), n. Cocoanut fiber, or the cordage made from it. See Coir.

Kyaw

Kyaw (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A daw. [Scot.]

Kyd

Kyd (?), p. p. of Kythe.

Kydde

Kyd"de (, imp. of Kythe, to show. [Obs.] Chaucer. &hand; Spenser erroneously uses kydst to mean "knowest."

Kyke

Kyke (?), v. i. [See 1st Kike.] To look steadfastly; to gaze. [Obs.] [Written also kike, keke.]
This Nicholas sat ever gaping upright, As he had kyked on the newe moon. Chaucer.

Kyley

Ky"ley (?), n.A variety of the boomerang.

Kyloes

Ky"loes (?), n. pl. The cattle of the Hebrides, or of the Highlands. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Kymnel

Kym"nel (?), n. See Kimnel. [Obs.] Chapman.

Kymograph

Ky"mo*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph.] (Physiol.) An instrument for measuring, and recording graphically, the pressure of the blood in any of the blood vessels of a living animal; -- called also kymographion.

Kymographic

Ky`mo*graph"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to a kymograph; as, a kymographic tracing.

Kymric

Kym"ric (?), a & n. See Cymric, a. & n.

Kymry

Kym"ry (?), n. See Cymry.

Kynrede

Kyn"rede (?), n. Kindred. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Kynurenic

Ky`nu*ren"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from the urine of dogs. By decomposition the acid yields a nitrogenous base (called kynurin) and carbonic acid. [Written also cynurenic.]

Kyrie

Kyr"i*e (?), n. See Kyrie eleison.

Kyrie eleison

Kyr"i*e e*lei"son (?). [Gr. ky`rie 'elei^son .]

1. (R. C. Ch.) Greek words, meaning "Lord, have mercy upon us," used in the Mass, the breviary offices, the litany of the saints, etc. Addis & Arnold.

2. The name given to the response to the Commandments, in the service of the Church of England and of the Protestant Episcopal Church.

Kyrielle

Kyr`i*elle (?), n. [Cf. F. kyrielle.] A litany beginning with the words. "Kyrie eleison." Shipley.

Kyriolexy, Kyriology

Kyr"i*o*lex`y (?), Kyr`i*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. Curiologic.] The use of literal or simple expressions, as distinguished from the use of figurative or obscure ones. Krauth-Fleming.

Kyriological

Kyr`i*o*log"ic*al (?), a. [See Curiologic.] Serving to denote objects by conventional signs or alphabetical characters; as, the original Greek alphabet of sixteen letters was called kyriologic, because it represented the pure elementary sounds. See Curiologic. [Written also curiologic and kuriologic.] &hand; The term is also applied, as by Warburton, to those Egyptian hieroglyphics, in which a part is put conventionally for the whole, as in depicting a battle by two hands, one holding a shield and the other a bow.

Kythe, Kithe

Kythe, Kithe (?), v. t. [imp. Kydde, Kidde (k&icr;d"de); p. p. Kythed (?), Kid; p. pr. & vb. n. Kything.] [OE. kythen, kithen, cu, to make known, AS. c, fr. c known. Uncouth, Ca to be able, and cf. Kith.] To make known; to manifest; to show; to declare. [Obs: or Scot.]
For gentle hearte kytheth gentilesse. Chaucer.

Kythe

Kythe, v. t. To come into view; to appear. [Scot.]
It kythes bright . . . because all is dark around it. Sir W. Scott.

Kytomiton

Ky*tom"i*ton, n.[NL., from Gr. (Biol.) See Karyomiton.

Kytoplasma

Ky`to*plas"ma (?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) See Karyoplasma.
Page 821

L.

L

L (?).

1. L is the twelfth letter of the English alphabet, and a vocal consonant. It is usually called a semivowel or liquid. Its form and value are from the Greek, through the Latin, the form of the Greek letter being from the Ph\'d2nician, and the ultimate origin prob. Egyptian. Etymologically, it is most closely related to r and u; as in pilgrim, peregrine, couch (fr. collocare), aubura (fr. LL. alburnus). At the end of monosyllables containing a single vowel, it is often doubled, as in fall, full, bell; but not after digraphs, as in foul, fool, prowl, growl, foal. In English words, the terminating syllable le is unaccented, the e is silent, and l is preceded by a voice glide, as in able, eagle, pronounced \'be\'b6b'l, \'b6g'l. See Guide to Pronunciation, § 241.

2. As a numeral, L stands for fifty in the English, as in the Latin language.

For 50 the Romans used the Chalcidian chi, I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

L

L (?), n.

1. An extension at right angles to the length of a main building, giving to the ground plan a form resembling the letter L; sometimes less properly applied to a narrower, or lower, extension in the direction of the length of the main building; a wing. [Written also ell.]

2. (Mech.) A short right-angled pipe fitting, used in connecting two pipes at right angles. [Written also ell.]

La

La (?), n. (Mus.) (a) A syllable applied to the sixth tone of the scale in music in solmization. (b) The tone A; -- so called among the French and Italians.

La

La (?), interj. [Cf. Lo.]

1. Look; see; behold; -- sometimes followed by you. [Obs.] Shak.

2. An exclamation of surprise; -- commonly followed by me; as, La me! [Low]

Laas

Laas (?), n. A lace. See Lace. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lab

Lab (?), v. i. [Cf. OD. labben to babble.] To prate; to gossip; to babble; to blab. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lab

Lab, n. A telltale; a prater; a blabber. [Obs.] "I am no lab." Chaucer.

Labadist

Lab"a*dist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Jean de Labadie, a religious teacher of the 17th century, who left the Roman Catholic Church and taught a kind of mysticism, and the obligation of community of property among Christians.

Labarraque's solution

La`bar`raque's" so*lu"tion (?). [From Labarraque, a Parisian apothecary.] (Med.) An aqueous solution of hypochlorite of sodium, extensively used as a disinfectant.

Labarum

Lab"a*rum (, n.; pl. Labara (#). [L.] The standard adopted by the Emperor Constantine after his conversion to Christianity. It is described as a pike bearing a silk banner hanging from a crosspiece, and surmounted by a golden crown. It bore a monogram of the first two letters (CHR)<-- appearing as English XP --> of the name of Christ in its Greek form. Later, the name was given to various modifications of this standard. <-- Illustration of monogram, an X (Greek CHI) superimposed on a lengthened P (Greek RHO) -->

Labdanum

Lab"da*num (?), n. (Bot.) See Ladanum.

Labefaction

Lab`e*fac"tion (?), n. [See Labefy.] The act of labefying or making weak; the state of being weakened; decay; ruin.
There is in it such a labefaction of all principles as may be injurious to morality. Johnson.

Labefy

Lab"e*fy (?), v. t. [L. labefacere; labare to totter + facere to make.] To weaken or impair. [R.]

Label

La"bel (?), n. [OF. label sort of ribbon or fringe, label in heraldry, F. lambeau shred, strip, rag; of uncertain origin; cf. L.labellum, dim. of labrum lip, edge, margin, G. lappen flap, patch, rag, tatter (cf. Lap of a dress), W. llab, llabed, label, flap, Gael. leab, leob, slice, shred, hanging lip.]

1. A tassel. [Obs.] Huloet. Fuller.

2. A slip of silk, paper, parchment, etc., affixed to anything, usually by an inscription, the contents, ownership, destination, etc.; as, the label of a bottle or a package.

3. A slip of ribbon, parchment, etc., attached to a document to hold the appended seal; also, the seal.

4. A writing annexed by way of addition, as a codicil added to a will.

5. (Her.) A barrulet, or, rarely, a bendlet, with pendants, or points, usually three, especially used as a mark of cadency to distinguish an eldest or only son while his father is still living.

6. A brass rule with sights, formerly used, in connection with a circumferentor, to take altitudes. Knight.

7. (Gothic Arch.) The name now generally given to the projecting molding by the sides, and over the tops, of openings in medi\'91val architecture. It always has a Arch. Pub. Soc.

8. In medi\'91val art, the representation of a band or scroll containing an inscription. Fairholt.

Label

La"bel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Labeled (?) or Labelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Labeling or Labelling.]

1. To affix a label to; to mark with a name, etc.; as, to label a bottle or a package.

2. To affix in or on a label. [R.]

Labeler

La"bel*er (?), n. One who labels. [Written also labeller.]

Labellum

La*bel"lum (?), n.; pl. L. Labella (#), E. Labellums (#). [L., dim. of labrum lip.]

1. (Bot.) The lower or apparently anterior petal of an orchidaceous flower, often of a very curious shape.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A small appendage beneath the upper lip or labrum of certain insects.

Labent

La"bent (?), a. [L. labens, p. pr. of labi to slide, glide.] Slipping; sliding; gliding. [R.]

Labia

La"bi*a (?), n. pl. See Labium.

Labial

La"bi*al (?), a. [LL. labialis, fr. L. labium lip: cf. F. labial. See Lip.]

1. Of or pertaining to the lips or labia; as, labial veins.

2. (Mus.) Furnished with lips; as, a labial organ pipe.

3. (Phonetics) (a) Articulated, as a consonant, mainly by the lips, as b, p, m, w. (b) Modified, as a vowel, by contraction of the lip opening, as &oomac; (f&oomac;d), &omac; (&omac;ld), etc., and as eu and u in French, and \'94, \'81 in German. See Guide to Pronunciation,

4. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the labium; as, the labial palpi of insects. See Labium.

Labial

La"bi*al, n.

1. (Phonetics) A letter or character representing an articulation or sound formed or uttered chiefly with the lips, as b, p, w.

2. (Mus.) An organ pipe that is furnished with lips; a flue pipe.

3. (Zo\'94l.) One of the scales which border the mouth of a fish or reptile.

Labialism

La"bi*al*ism (?), n. (Phonetics) The quality of being labial; as, the labialism of an articulation; conversion into a labial, as of a sound which is different in another language. J. Peile.

Labialization

La`bi*al*i*za"tion (?), n. (Phonetics) The modification of an articulation by contraction of the lip opening.

Labialize

La"bi*al*ize (?), v. t. (Phonetics) To modify by contraction of the lip opening.

Labially

La"bi*al*ly, adv. In a labial manner; with, or by means of, the lips.

Labiate

La"bi*ate (?), v. t. To labialize. Brewer.

Labiate

La"bi*ate (?), a. [NL. labiatus, fr. L. labium lip.] (Bot.) (a) Having the limb of a tubular corolla or calyx divided into two unequal parts, one projecting over the other like the lips of a mouth, as in the snapdragon, sage, and catnip. (b) Belonging to a natural order of plants (Labiat\'91), of which the mint, sage, and catnip are examples. They are mostly aromatic herbs.

Labiate

La"bi*ate, n. (Bot.) A plant of the order Labiat\'91.

Labiated

La"bi*a`ted (?), a. (Bot.) Same as Labiate, a. (a).

Labiatifloral, Labiatifloral

La`bi*a`ti*flo"ral (?), La`bi*a`ti*flo"ral (?), a. [Labiate + L. flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.) Having labiate flowers, as the snapdragon.

Labidometer

Lab`i*dom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr.meter: cf. F. labidometre.] (Med.) A forceps with a measuring attachment for ascertaining the size of the fetal head.

Labile

La"bile (?), a. [L. labilis apt to slip, fr. labi to slip.] Liable to slip, err, fall, or apostatize. [Obs.] Cheyne.

Lability

La*bil"i*ty (?), n. Liability to lapse, err, or apostatize. [Archaic] Coleridge.

Labimeter

La*bim"e*ter (?), n. [Cf. F. labimetre.] (Med.) See Labidometer.

Labiodental

La`bi*o*den"tal (?), a. [Labium + dental.] (Phonetics) Formed or pronounced by the cooperation of the lips and teeth, as f and v. -- n. A labiodental sound or letter.

Labionasal

La`bi*o*na"sal (?), a. [Labium + nasal.] (Phonetics) Formed by the lips and the nose. -- n. A labionasal sound or letter.

Labiose

La"bi*ose` (?), a. [From Labium.] (Bot.) Having the appearance of being labiate; -- said of certain polypetalous corollas.

Labipalpus

La`bi*pal"pus (?), n.; pl. Labipalpi (. [NL. See Labium, and Palpus.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the labial palpi of an insect. See Illust. under Labium.

Labium

La"bi*um (?), n. ; pl. L. Labia (#), E. Labiums (#). [L.]

1. A lip, or liplike organ.

2. The lip of an organ pipe.

3. pl. (Anat.) The folds of integument at the opening of the vulva.

4. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The organ of insects which covers the mouth beneath, and serves as an under lip. It consists of the second pair of maxill\'91, usually closely united in the middle line, but bearing a pair of palpi in most insects. It often consists of a thin anterior part (ligula or palpiger) and a firmer posterior plate (mentum). (b) Inner margin of the aperture of a shell.

Lablab

Lab"lab (?), n. (Bot.) an East Indian name for several twining leguminous plants related to the bean, but commonly applied to the hyacinth bean (Delichos Lablab).

Labor

La"bor (?), n. [OE. labour, OF. labour, laber, labur, F. labeur, L. labor; cf. Gr. labh to get, seize.] [Written also labour.]

1. Physical toil or bodily exertion, especially when fatiguing, irksome, or unavoidable, in distinction from sportive exercise; hard, muscular effort directed to some useful end, as agriculture, manufactures, and like; servile toil; exertion; work.

God hath set Labor and rest, as day and night, to men Successive. Milton.

2. Intellectual exertion; mental effort; as, the labor of compiling a history.

3. That which requires hard work for its accomplishment; that which demands effort.

Being a labor of so great a difficulty, the exact performance thereof we may rather wish than look for. Hooker.

4. Travail; the pangs and efforts of childbirth.

The queen's in labor, They say, in great extremity; and feared She'll with the labor end. Shak.

5. Any pang or distress. Shak.

6. (Naut.) The pitching or tossing of a vessel which results in the straining of timbers and rigging.

7. [Sp.] A measure of land in Mexico and Texas, equivalent to an area of 177 Bartlett. Syn. -- Work; toil; drudgery; task; exertion; effort; industry; painstaking. See Toll.

Labor

La"bor, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Labored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Laboring.] [OE. labouren, F. labourer, L. laborare. See Labor, n.] [Written also labour.]

1. To exert muscular strength; to exert one's strength with painful effort, particularly in servile occupations; to work; to toil.

Adam, well may we labor still to dress This garden. Milton.

2. To exert one's powers of mind in the prosecution of any design; to strive; to take pains.

3. To be oppressed with difficulties or disease; to do one's work under conditions which make it especially hard, wearisome; to move slowly, as against opposition, or under a burden; to be burdened; -- often with under, and formerly with of.

The stone that labors up the hill. Granville.
The line too labors,and the words move slow. Pope.
To cure the disorder under which he labored. Sir W. Scott.
Come unto me, all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. Matt. xi. 28

4. To be in travail; to suffer the pangs of childbirth.

5. (Naut.) To pitch or roll heavily, as a ship in a turbulent sea. Totten.

Labor

La"bor, v. t. [F. labourer, L. laborare.]

1. To work at; to work; to till; to cultivate by toil.

The most excellent lands are lying fallow, or only labored by children. W. Tooke.

2. To form or fabricate with toil, exertion, or care. "To labor arms for Troy." Dryden.

3. To prosecute, or perfect, with effort; to urge streas, to labor a point or argument.

4. To belabor; to beat. [Obs.] Dryden.

Laborant

Lab"o*rant (?), n. [L.laborans, p. pr. of laborare to labor.] A chemist. [Obs.] Boyle.

Laboratory

Lab"o*ra*to*ry (?), n.; pl. Laboratories (#). [Shortened fr. elaboratory; cf. OF. elaboratoire, F. laboratoire. See Elaborate, Labor.] [Formerly written also elaboratory.] The workroom of a chemist; also, a place devoted to experiments in any branch of natural science; as, a chemical, physical, or biological laboratory. Hence, by extension, a place where something is prepared, or some operation is performed; as, the liver is the laboratory of the bile.

Labored

La"bored (?), a. Bearing marks of labor and effort; elaborately wrought; not easy or natural; as, labored poetry; a labored style.

Laboredly

La"bored*ly, adv. In a labored manner; with labor.

Laborer

La"bor*er (?), n. [Written also labourer.] One who labors in a toilsome occupation; a person who does work that requires strength rather than skill, as distinguished from that of an artisan.

Laboring

La"bor*ing, a.

1. That labors; performing labor; esp., performing coarse, heavy work, not requiring skill also, set apart for labor; as, laboring days.

The sleep of a laboring man is sweet. eccl. v. 12.

2. Suffering pain or grief. Pope. Laboring oar, the oar which requires most strength and exertion; often used figuratively; as, to have, or pull, the laboring oar in some difficult undertaking.

Laborious

La*bo"ri*ous (?), a. [L. laboriosus,fr. labor labor: cf. F. laborieux.]

1. Requiring labor, perseverance, or sacrifices; toilsome; tiresome.

Dost thou love watchings, abstinence, or toil, Laborious virtues all ? Learn these from Cato. Addison.

2. Devoted to labor; diligent; industrious; as, a laborious mechanic. -- La*bo"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- La*bo"ri*ous*ness, n.

Laborless

La"bor*less (?), a. Not involving labor; not laborious; easy.
Page 822

Laborous

La"bor*ous (?), a. Laborious. [Obs.] Wyatt. -- La"bor*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

Labor-saving

La"bor-sav`ing (?), a. Saving labor; adapted to supersede or diminish the labor of men; as, laborsaving machinery.

Laborsome

La"bor*some (?), a.

1. Made with, or requiring, great labor, pains, or diligence. [Obs.] Shak.

2. (Naut.) Likely or inclined to roll or pitch, as a ship in a heavy sea; having a tendency to labor.

Labrador

Lab`ra*dor" (?), n. A region of British America on the Atlantic coast, north of Newfoundland. Labrador duck (Zo\'94l.), a sea duck (Camtolaimus Labradorius) allied to the eider ducks. It was formerly common on the coast of New England, but is now supposed to be extinct, no specimens having been reported since 1878. -- Labrador feldspar. See Labradorite. -- Labrador tea (Bot.), a name of two low, evergreen shrubs of the genus Ledum (L. palustre and L. latifolium), found in Northern Europe and America. They are used as tea in British America, and in Scandinavia as a substitute for hops.

Labradorite

Lab"ra*dor`ite (, n. (Min.) A kind of feldspar commonly showing a beautiful play of colors, and hence much used for ornamental purposes. The finest specimens come from Labrador. See Feldspar.

Labras

La"bras (?), n. pl. [L.labrum; cf. It. labbro, pl. labbra.] Lips. [Obs. & R.] Shak.

Labroid

La"broid (?), a. [Labrus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like the genus Labrus; belonging to the family Labrid\'91, an extensive family of marine fishes, often brilliantly colored, which are very abundant in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The tautog and cunner are American examples.

Labrose

La"brose` (?), a. [L. labrosus, fr. labrum lip.] Having thick lips.

Labrum

La"brum (?), n.; pl. L. Labra (#), E. Labrums (#). [L.]

1. A lip or edge, as of a basin.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An organ in insects and crustaceans covering the upper part of the mouth, and serving as an upper lip. See Illust. of Hymenoptera. (b) The external margin of the aperture of a shell. See Univalve.

Labrus

La"brus (?), n.; pl. Labri (-br&imac;). [L., a sort of fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of marine fishes, including the wrasses of Europe. See Wrasse.

Laburnic

La*bur`nic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the laburnum.

La-burnine

La-bur`nine (?), n. (Chem.) A poisonous alkaloid found in the unripe seeds of the laburnum.

Laburnum

La*bur"num (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A small leguminous tree (Cytisus Laburnum), native of the Alps. The plant is reputed to be poisonous, esp. the bark and seeds. It has handsome racemes of yellow blossoms. &hand; Scotch laburnum (Cytisus alpinus) is similar, but has smooth leaves; purple laburnum is C. purpureus.

Labyrinth

Lab"y*rinth (?), n. [L. labyrinthus, Gr. laby`rinthos: cf. F. labyrinthe.]

1. An edifice or place full of intricate passageways which render it difficult to find the way from the interior to the entrance; as, the Egyptian and Cretan labyrinths. <-- said to be from from the ax symbol of the "labyrinth" at Knossos, Crete -- a multistoried royal palace with labyrinthine passages between rooms. -->

2. Any intricate or involved inclosure; especially, an ornamental maze or inclosure in a park or garden.

3. Any object or arrangement of an intricate or involved form, or having a very complicated nature.

The serpent . . . fast sleeping soon he found, In labyrinth of many a round self-rolled. Milton.
The labyrinth of the mind. Tennyson.

4. An inextricable or bewildering difficulty.

I' the maze and winding labyrinths o' the world. Denham.

5. (Anat.) The internal ear. See Note under Ear.

6. (Metal.) A series of canals through which a stream of water is directed for suspending, carrying off, and depositing at different distances, the ground ore of a metal. Ure.

7. (Arch.) A pattern or design representing a maze, -- often inlaid in the tiled floor of a church, etc. Syn. -- Maze; confusion; intricacy; windings. -- Labyrinth, Maze. Labyrinth, originally; the name of an edifice or excavation, carries the idea of design, and construction in a permanent form, while maze is used of anything confused or confusing, whether fixed or shifting. Maze is less restricted in its figurative uses than labyrinth. We speak of the labyrinth of the ear, or of the mind, and of a labyrinth of difficulties; but of the mazes of the dance, the mazes of political intrigue, or of the mind being in a maze.

Labyrinthal

Lab`y*rin"thal (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a labyrinth; intricate; labyrinthian.

Labyrinthian

Lab`y*rin"thi*an (, a. Intricately winding; like a labyrinth; perplexed; labyrinthal.

Labyrinthibranch

Lab`y*rin"thi*branch (?), a. [See Labyrinth, and Branchia.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Labyrinthici. -- n. One of the Labyrinthici.

Labyrinthic, Labyrinthical

Lab`y*rin"thic (?), Lab`y*rin`thic*al (?), a. [L. labyrinthicus: cf. F. labyrinthique.] Like or pertaining to a labyrinth.

Labyrinthici

Lab`y*rin"thi*ci (?), n. pl. [NL. See Labyrinth.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of teleostean fishes, including the Anabas, or climbing perch, and other allied fishes. &hand; They have, connected with the gill chamber, a special cavity in which a labyrinthiform membrane is arranged so as to retain water to supply the gills while the fish leaves the water and travels about on land, or even climbs trees.

Labyrinthiform

Lab`y*rin"thi*form (?), a. [Labyrinth + -form: cf. F. labyrinthiforme.] Having the form of a labyrinth; intricate.

Labyrinthine

Lab`y*rin"thine (?), a. Pertaining to, or like, a labyrinth; labyrinthal.

Labyrinthodon

Lab`y*rin"tho*don (?), n. [Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of very large fossil amphibians, of the Triassic period, having bony plates on the under side of the body. It is the type of the order Labyrinthodonta. Called also Mastodonsaurus.

Labyrinthodont

Lab`y*rin"tho*dont (?), a. (Paleon.) Of or pertaining to the Labyrinthodonta. -- n. One of the Labyrinthodonta.

Labyrinthodonta

Lab`y*rin`tho*don"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Labyrinthodon.] (Paleon.) An extinct order of Amphibia, including the typical genus Labyrinthodon, and many other allied forms, from the Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic formations. By recent writers they are divided into two or more orders. See Stegocephala.

Lac, Lakh

Lac (?), Lakh (, n. [Hind. lak, l\'bekh, l\'beksh, Skr. laksha a mark, sign, lakh.] One hundred thousand; also, a vaguely great number; as, a lac of rupees. [Written also lack.] [East Indies]

Lac

Lac, n. [Per. lak; akin to Skr. l\'beksh\'be: cf. F. lague, It. & NL. lacca. Cf. Lake a color, Lacquer, Litmus.] A resinous substance produced mainly on the banyan tree, but to some extent on other trees, by the Coccus lacca<-- now Laccifer lacca -->, a scale-shaped insect, the female of which fixes herself on the bark, and exudes from the margin of her body this resinous substance. &hand; Stick-lac is the substance in its natural state, incrusting small twigs. When broken off, and the coloring matter partly removed, the granular residuum is called seed-lac. When melted, and reduced to a thin crust, it is called shell-lac or shellac. Lac is an important ingredient in sealing wax, dyes, varnishes, and lacquers. Ceylon lac, a resinous exudation of the tree Croton lacciferum, resembling lac. -- Lac dye, a scarlet dye obtained from stick-lac. -- Lac lake, the coloring matter of lac dye when precipitated from its solutions by alum. -- Mexican lac, an exudation of the tree Croton Draco.

Laccic

Lac"cic (?), a. [Cf. F. laccique.] (Chem.) Pertaining to lac, or produced from it; as, laccic acid.

Laccin

Lac"cin (?), n. [Cf. F. laccine.] (Chem.) A yellow amorphous substance obtained from lac.

Laccolite, Laccolith

Lac"co*lite (?), Lac"co*lith (?), n. [Gr. -lite, -lith.] (Geol.) A mass of igneous rock intruded between sedimentary beds and resulting in a mammiform bulging of the overlying strata. -- Lac`co*lit"ic (#), a.

Lace

Lace (l\'bes), n. [OE. las, OF. laz, F. lacs, dim. lacet, fr. L. laqueus noose, snare; prob. akin to lacere to entice. Cf. Delight, Elicit, Lasso, Latchet.]

1. That which binds or holds, especially by being interwoven; a string, cord, or band, usually one passing through eyelet or other holes, and used in drawing and holding together parts of a garment, of a shoe, of a machine belt, etc.

His hat hung at his back down by a lace. Chaucer.
For striving more, the more in laces strong Himself he tied. Spenser.

2. A snare or gin, especially one made of interwoven cords; a net. [Obs.] Fairfax.

Vulcanus had caught thee [Venus] in his lace. Chaucer.

3. A fabric of fine threads of linen, silk, cotton, etc., often ornamented with figures; a delicate tissue of thread, much worn as an ornament of dress.

Our English dames are much given to the wearing of costlylaces. Bacon.

4. Spirits added to coffee or some other beverage. [Old Slang] Addison. Alencon lace, a kind of point lace, entirely of needlework, first made at Alencon in France, in the 17th century. It is very durable and of great beauty and cost. -- Bone lace, Brussels lace, etc. See under Bone, Brussels, etc. -- Gold lace, ∨ Silver lace, lace having warp threads of silk, or silk and cotton, and a weft of silk threads covered with gold (or silver), or with gilt. -- Lace leather, thin, oil-tanned leather suitable for cutting into lacings for machine belts. -- Lace lizard (Zo\'94l.), a large, aquatic, Australian lizard (Hydrosaurus giganteus), allied to the monitors. -- Lace paper, paper with an openwork design in imitation of lace. -- Lace piece (Shipbuilding), the main piece of timber which supports the beak or head projecting beyond the stem of a ship. -- Lace pillow, ∧ Pillow lace. See under Pillow.

Lace

Lace, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Laced (\'best); p. pr. & vb. n. Lacing (?).]

1. To fasten with a lace; to draw together with a lace passed through eyelet holes; to unite with a lace or laces, or, figuratively. with anything resembling laces. Shak.

When Jenny's stays are newly laced. Prior.

2. To adorn with narrow strips or braids of some decorative material; as, cloth laced with silver. Shak.

3. To beat; to lash; to make stripes on. [Colloq.]

I'll lace your coat for ye. L'Estrange.

4. To add spirits to (a beverage). [Old Slang]

Lace

Lace, v. i. To be fastened with a lace, or laces; as, these boots lace.

Lace-bark

Lace"-bark` (?), n. (Bot.) A shrub in the West Indies (Lagetta Iintearia); -- so called from the lacelike layers of its inner bark.

Laced

Laced (?), a.

1. Fastened with a lace or laces; decorated with narrow strips or braid. See Lace, v. t.

2. Decorated with the fabric lace.

A shirt with laced ruffles. Fielding.
Laced mutton, a prostitute. [Old slang] -- Laced stocking, a strong stocking which can be tightly laced; -- used in cases of weak legs, varicose veins, etc. Dunglison.

Laced\'91monian

Lac`e*d\'91*mo"ni*an (?), a. [L. Lacedamonius, Gr. Lakedaimo`nios, fr. Lakedai`mwn Laced\'91mon.] Of or pertaining to Laced\'91mon or Sparta, the chief city of Laconia in the Peloponnesus. -- n. A Spartan. [Written also Lacedemonian.]

Laceman

Lace"man (?), n.; pl. Lacemen (. A man who deals in lace.

Lacerable

Lac"er*a*ble (?), a. [L. lacerabilis: cf. F. lac\'82rable.] That can be lacerated or torn.

Lacerate

Lac"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lacerated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lacerating ().] [L. laceratus, p. p. of lacerare to lacerate, fr. lacer mangled, lacerated; cf. Gr. slay.] To tear; to rend; to separate by tearing; to mangle; as, to lacerate the flesh. Hence: To afflict; to torture; as, to lacerate the heart.

Lacerate, Lacerated

Lac"er*ate (?), Lac"er*a`ted (?), p. a. [L. laceratus, p. p.]

1. Rent; torn; mangled; as, a lacerated wound.

By each other's fury lacerate Southey.

2. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Jagged, or slashed irregularly, at the end, or along the edge.

Laceration

Lac`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.laceratio: cf. F. lac\'82ration.]

1. The act of lacerating.

2. A breach or wound made by lacerating. Arbuthnot.

Lacerative

Lac"er*a*tive (?), a. Lacerating, or having the power to lacerate; as, lacerative humors. Harvey.

Lacert

La"cert (?), n. [OE. lacerte. See Lacertus.] A muscle of the human body. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lacerta

La*cer"ta (?), n. [L. lacertus the arm.] A fathom. [Obs.] Domesday Book.

Lacerta

La*cer"ta, n. [L. a lizard. See Lizard.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of lizards. See Lizard. &hand; Formerly it included nearly all the known lizards. It is now restricted to certain diurnal Old World species, like the green lizard (Lacerta viridis) and the sand lizard (L. agilis), of Europe.

2. (Astron.) The Lizard, a northern constellation.

Lacertian

La*cer"tian (?), a. [Cf. F. lacertien.] (Zo\'94l.) Like a lizard; of or pertaining to the Lacertilia. -- n. One of the Lacertilia.

Lacertilia

Lac`er*til"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L.lacertus a lizard.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Reptilia, which includes the lizards. &hand; They are closely related to the snakes, and life the latter, usually have the body covered with scales or granules. They usually have eyelids, and most of then have well-formed legs; but in some groups (amphisb\'91na, glass-snake, etc.) the legs are wanting and the body is serpentlike. None are venomous, unless Heloderma be an exception. The order includes the chameleons, the Cionocrania, or typical lizards, and the amphisb\'91nas. See Amphisb\'91na, Gecko, Gila monster, and Lizard.

Lacertilian

Lac`er*til"i*an (-an), a. & n. Same as Lacertian.

Lacertiloid

La*cer"ti*loid (?), a. [Lacertilia + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or belonging to the Lacertilia.

Lacertine

La*cer"tine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Lacertian.

Lacertus

La*cer"tus (?), n.; pl. Lacerti (-t\'c6). [L., the upper arm.] (Anat.) A bundle or fascicle of muscular fibers.

Lacewing

Lace"wing` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of neuropterous insects of the genus Chrysopa and allied genera. They have delicate, lacelike wings and brilliant eyes. Their larv\'91 are useful in destroying aphids. Called also lace-winged fly, and goldeneyed fly.

Lace-winged

Lace"-winged`, a. (Zo\'94l.) Having thin, transparent, reticulated wings; as, the lace-winged flies.

Laches, Lache

Lach"es (?), Lache (?), n. [OF. lachesse, fr. lache lax, indolent, F. l\'83che, ultimately fr. L. laxus loose, lax. See Lax.] (Law) Neglect; negligence; remissness; neglect to do a thing at the proper time; delay to assert a claim.
It ill became him to take advantage of such a laches with the eagerness of a shrewd attorney. Macaulay.

Lachrymable

Lach"ry*ma*ble (?), a. [L. lacrimabilis, fr. lacrima a tear.] Lamentable. Martin Parker.

Lachrym\'91 Christi

Lach"ry*m\'91 Chris"ti (?). [L., lit., Christ's tears.] A rich, sweet, red Neapolitan wine.

Lachrymal

Lach"ry*mal (, a. [Cf. F. lacrymal. See Lachrymose.]

1. Of or pertaining to tears; as, lachrymal effusions.

2. (Anat.) (a) Pertaining to, or secreting, tears; as, the lachrymal gland. (b) Pertaining to the lachrymal organs; as, lachrymal bone; lachrymal duct.

Lacrymal, Lacrymal

Lac"ry*mal, Lac"ry*mal (?), n. See Lachrymatory.

Lachrymary

Lach"ry*ma*ry (?), a. Containing, or intended to contain, tears; lachrymal. Addison.

Lachrymate

Lach"ry*mate (-m\'bet), v. i. To weep. [R.] Blount.

Lachrymation

Lach`ry*ma"tion (?), n. [L. lacrimatio, from lacrimare to shed tears, fr. lacrima tear.] The act of shedding tears; weeping.

Lachrymatory

Lach"ry*ma*to*ry (?), n.; pl. -ries (#). [Cf. F. lacrymatoire.] (Antiq.) A "tear-bottle;" a narrow-necked vessel found in sepulchers of the ancient Romans; -- so called from a former notion that the tears of the deceased person's friends were collected in it. Called also lachrymal or lacrymal.

Lachrymiform

Lach"ry*mi*form (?), a, [L.lacrima tear + -form; cf. F. lacrymiforme.] Having the form of a tear; tear-shaped.

Lachrymose

Lach"ry*mose` (?), a. [L. lacrymosus, better lacrimosus, fr. lacrima, lacruma (also badly spelt lachryma) a tear, for older dacrima, akin to E. tear. See Tear the secretion.] Generating or shedding tears; given to shedding tears; suffused with tears; tearful.
You should have seen his lachrymose visnomy. Lamb.
-- Lach"ry*mose`ly, adv.
Page 823

Lacing

La"cing (?), n.

1. The act of securing, fastening, or tightening, with a lace or laces.

2. A lace; specifically (Mach.), a thong of thin leather for uniting the ends of belts.

3. A rope or line passing through eyelet holes in the edge of a sail or an awning to attach it to a yard, gaff, etc.

4. (Bridge Building) A system of bracing bars, not crossing each other in the middle, connecting the channel bars of a compound strut. Waddell.

Lacinia

La*cin"i*a (?), n.; pl. L. Lacini\'91 (#). [L., the lappet or flap of a garment.]

1. (Bot.) (a) One of the narrow, jagged, irregular pieces or divisions which form a sort of fringe on the borders of the petals of some flowers. (b) A narrow, slender portion of the edge of a monophyllous calyx, or of any irregularly incised leaf.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The posterior, inner process of the stipes on the maxill\'91 of insects.

Laciniate, Laciniated

La*cin"i*ate (?), La*cin"i*a"ted (?), a. [See Lacinia.]

1. Fringed; having a fringed border.

2. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Cut into deep, narrow, irregular lobes; slashed.

Laciniolate

La*cin"i*o*late (?), a. [See Lacinia.] (Bot.) Consisting of, or abounding in, very minute lacini\'91.

Lacinula

La*cin"u*la (?), n.; pl. Lacinul\'91 (#), E. Lacinulas (#). [NL.] (Bot.) A diminutive lacinia.

Lack

Lack (?), n. [OE. lak; cf. D. lak slander, laken to blame, OHG. lahan, AS. le\'a0n.]

1. Blame; cause of blame; fault; crime; offense. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Deficiency; want; need; destitution; failure; as, a lack of sufficient food.

She swooneth now and now for lakke of blood. Chaucer.
Let his lack of years be no impediment. Shak.

Lack

Lack, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lacked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lacking.]

1. To blame; to find fault with. [Obs.]

Love them and lakke them not. Piers Plowman.

2. To be without or destitute of; to want; to need.

If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God. James i. 5.

Lack

Lack, v. i.

1. To be wanting; often, impersonally, with of, meaning, to be less than, short, not quite, etc.

What hour now ? I think it lacks of twelve. Shak.
Peradventure there shall lack five of the fifty. Gen. xvii. 28.

2. To be in want.

The young lions do lack, and suffer hunger. Ps. xxxiv. 10.

Lack

Lack, interj. [Cf. Alack.] Exclamation of regret or surprise. [Prov. Eng.] Cowper.

Lackadaisical

Lack`a*dai"si*cal (?), a. [From Lackadaisy, interj.] Affectedly pensive; languidly sentimental. -- Lack`a*dai"si*cal*ly, adv.

Lackadaisy

Lack"a*dai`sy (?), interj. [From Lackaday, interj.] An expression of languor.

Lackadaisy

Lack"a*dai`sy, a. Lackadaisical.

Lackaday

Lack"a*day` (?), interj. [Abbreviated from alackaday.] Alack the day; alas; -- an expression of sorrow, regret, dissatisfaction, or surprise.

Lackbrain

Lack"brain` (?), n. One who is deficient in understanding; a witless person. Shak.

Lacker

Lack"er (?), n. One who lacks or is in want.

Lacker

Lack"er, n. & v. See Lacquer.

Lackey

Lack"ey (?), n.; pl. Lackeys (#). [F. laquais; cf. Sp. & Pg. lacayo; of uncertain origin; perh. of German origin, and akin to E.lick, v.] An attending male servant; a footman; a servile follower.
Like a Christian footboy or a gentleman's lackey. Shak.
Lackey caterpillar (Zo\'94l.), the caterpillar, or larva, of any bombycid moth of the genus Clisiocampa; -- so called from its party-colored markings. The common European species (C. neustria) is striped with blue, yellow, and red, with a white line on the back. The American species (C. Americana and C. sylvatica) are commonly called tent caterpillars. See Tent caterpillar,under Tent. -- Lackey moth (Zo\'94l.), the moth which produces the lackey caterpillar.

Lackey

Lack"ey, v. t. To attend as a lackey; to wait upon.
A thousand liveried angels lackey her. Milton.

Lackey

Lack"ey, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lackeyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lackeying.] To act or serve as lackey; to pay servile attendance.

Lackluster, Lacklustre

Lack"lus`ter, Lack"lus`tre (?), n. A want of luster. -- a. Wanting luster or brightness. "Lackluster eye." Shak.

Lacmus

Lac"mus (?), n. See Litmus.

Laconian

La*co"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Laconia, a division of ancient Greece; Spartan. -- n. An inhabitant of Laconia; esp., a Spartan.

Laconic, Laconical

La*con"ic (?), La*con"ic*al (?), a. [L. Laconicus Laconian, Gr. laconique.]

1. Expressing much in few words, after the manner of the Laconians or Spartans; brief and pithy; brusque; epigrammatic. In this sense laconic is the usual form.

I grow laconic even beyond laconicism; for sometimes I return only yes, or no, to questionary or petitionary epistles of half a yard long. Pope.
His sense was strong and his style laconic. Welwood.

2. Laconian; characteristic of, or like, the Spartans; hence, stern or severe; cruel; unflinching.

His head had now felt the razor, his back the rod; all that laconical discipline pleased him well. Bp. Hall.
Syn. -- Short; brief; concise; succinct; sententious; pointed; pithy. -- Laconic, Concise. Concise means without irrelevant or superfluous matter; it is the opposite of diffuse. Laconic means concise with the additional quality of pithiness, sometimes of brusqueness.

Laconic

La*con"ic, n. Laconism. [Obs.] Addison.

Laconical

La*con"ic*al (?), a. See Laconic, a.

Laconically

La*con"ic*al*ly, adv. In a laconic manner.

LaconIcism

La*con"I*cism (?), n. Same as Laconism. Pope.

Laconism

Lac"o*nism (?), n. [Gr. laconisme.]

1. A vigorous, brief manner of expression; laconic style.

2. An instance of laconic style or expression.

Laconize

Lac"o*nize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Laconized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Laconizing (?).] [Gr. Laconic.] To imitate the manner of the Laconians, especially in brief, pithy speech, or in frugality and austerity.

Lacquer

Lac"quer (?), n. [F. lacre a sort of sealing wax, Pg. lacte, fr. laca lac. See Lac the resin.] [Written also lacker.] A varnish, consisting of a solution of shell-lac in alcohol, often colored with gamboge, saffron, or the like; -- used for varnishing metals, papier-mach\'82, and wood. The name is also given to varnishes made of other ingredients, esp. the tough, solid varnish of the Japanese, with which ornamental objects are made. <-- shell-lac = shellac; it is the prime spelling in this dictionary, though not found in MW10! -->

Lacquer

Lac"quer, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lacquered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lacquering.] To cover with lacquer. "Lacquer'd chair." Pope.

Lacquerer

Lac"quer*er (?), n. One who lacquers, especially one who makes a business of lacquering.

Lacquering

Lac"quer*ing, n. The act or business of putting on lacquer; also, the coat of lacquer put on.

Lacrimoso

La`cri*mo"so (?), a. [It. See Lachrymose.] (Mus.) Plaintive; -- a term applied to a mournful or pathetic movement or style. Moore.

Lacrosse

La*crosse" (?), n. [F. la crosse, lit., the crosier, hooked stick. Cf. Crosier.] A game of ball, originating among the North American Indians, now the popular field sport of Canada, and played also in England and the United States. Each player carries a long-handled racket, called a "crosse". The ball is not handled but caught with the crosse and carried on it, or tossed from it, the object being to carry it or throw it through one of the goals placed at opposite ends of the field.

Lacrymal

Lac"ry*mal (?), n. & a. See Lachrymatory, n., and Lachrymal, a.

Lacrymary, Lacrytory, Lacrymose

Lac"ry*ma*ry, Lac"ry*to*ry, Lac"ry*mose.See Lachrymary, Lachrymatory, Lachrymose.

Lactage

Lac"tage (?), n. [L. lac, lactis, milk: cf. F. laitage. See Lacteal.] The produce of animals yielding milk; milk and that which is made from it.

Lactam

Lac"tam (?), n. [Lactone + amido.] (Chem.) One of a series of anhydrides of an amido type, analogous to the lactones, as oxindol.

Lactamic

Lac*tam"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an amido acid related to lactic acid, and called also amido-propionic acid.

Lactamide

Lac*tam"ide (?), n. [Lactic + amide.] (Chem.) An acid amide derived from lactic acid, and obtained as a white crystalline substance having a neutral reaction. It is metameric with alanine.

Lactant

Lac"tant (?), a. [L. lactans, p. pr. of lactare to suck, fr. lac, lactis, milk.] Suckling; giving suck.

Lactarene

Lac"ta*rene (?), n. [L. lac, lactis, milk.] A preparation of casein from milk, used in printing calico.

Lactary

Lac"ta*ry (?), a. [l. lactarius, fr. lac, lactis, milk: cf. F. lactaire.] Milky; full of white juice like milk. [Obs.] "Lactary or milky plants." Sir T. Browne.

Lactary

Lac"ta*ry, n. a dairyhouse. [R.]

Lactate

Lac"tate (?), n. [L. lac, lactis, milk: cf. F. lactate.] (Chem.) A salt of lactic acid.

Lactation

Lac*ta"tion (?), n. A giving suck; the secretion and yielding of milk by the mammary gland.

Lacteal

Lac"te*al (?), a. [L. lacteus milky, fr. lac, lactis, milk. Cf. Galaxy, Lettuce.]

1. Pertaining to, or resembling, milk; milky; as, the lacteal fluid.

2. (Anat. & Physiol.) Pertaining to, or containing, chyle; as, the lacteal vessels.

Lacteal

Lac"te*al, n. (Anat.) One of the lymphatic vessels which convey chyle from the small intestine through the mesenteric glands to the thoracic duct; a chyliferous vessel.

Lacteally

Lac"te*al*ly, adv. Milkily; in the manner of milk.

Lactean

Lac"te*an (?), a. [See Lacteal.]

1. Milky; consisting of, or resembling, milk. "This lactean whiteness." Moxon.

2. (Anat. & Physiol.) Lacteal; conveying chyle.

Lacteous

Lac"te*ous (?), a. [See Lacteal.]

1. Milky; resembling milk. "The lacteous circle." Sir T. Browne.

2. Lacteal; conveying chyle; as, lacteous vessels.

Lacteously

Lac"te*ous*ly, adv. In a lacteous manner; after the manner of milk.

Lactescence

Lac*tes"cence (?), n. [Cf. F. lactescence.]

1. The state or quality of producing milk, or milklike juice; resemblance to milk; a milky color.

This lactescence does commonly ensue when . . . fair water is suddenly poured upon the solution. Boyle.

2. (Bot.) The latex of certain plants. See Latex.

Lactescent

Lac*tes"cent (?), a. [L. lactescens, p. pr. of lactescere to turn to milk, incho. fr. lactere to be milky, fr. lac, lactis, milk: cf. F. lactescent.]

1. Having a milky look; becoming milky. [Obs.]

2. (Bot.) Producing milk or a milklike juice or fluid, as the milkweed. See Latex.

Lactic

Lac"tic (?), a. [L. lac, lactis, milk: cf. F. lactique. See Lacteal, and cf. Galactic.] (Physiol. Chem.) Of or pertaining to milk; procured from sour milk or whey; as, lactic acid; lactic fermentation, etc. Lactic acid (Physiol. Chem.), a sirupy, colorless fluid, soluble in water, with an intensely sour taste and strong acid reaction. There are at least three isomeric modifications all having the formula C3H6O3. Sarcolactic or paralactic acid occurs chiefly in dead muscle tissue, while ordinary lactic acid results from fermentation. The two acids are alike in having the same constitution (expressed by the name ethylidene lactic acid), but the latter is optically inactive, while sarcolactic acid rotates the plane of polarization to the right. The third acid, ethylene lactic acid, accompanies sarcolactic acid in the juice of flesh, and is optically inactive. -- Lactic ferment, an organized ferment (Bacterium lacticum ∨ lactis), which produces lactic fermentation, decomposing the sugar of milk into carbonic and lactic acids, the latter, of which renders the milk sour, and precipitates the casein, thus giving rise to the so-called spontaneous coagulation of milk. -- Lactic fermentation. See under Fermentation. <-- the three are D-lactic acid, L-lactic acid, and DL-lactic acid, the third being merely an equimolar mixture of the first two. -->

Lactide

Lac"tide (?), n. [Lactic + anhydride.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, obtained from also, by extension, any similar substance.

Lactiferous

Lac*tif"er*ous (?), a. [l. lac, lactis, milk + -ferous: cf. F. lactif\'8are.] Bearing or containing milk or a milky fluid; as, the lactiferous vessels, cells, or tissue of various vascular plants.

Lactific, Lactifical

Lac*tif"ic (?), Lac*tif"ic*al (?), a. [L. lac, lactis, milk + facere to make.] Producing or yielding milk.

Lactifuge

Lac"ti*fuge (?), n. [L. lac, lactis, milk + fugare to expel.] (Med.) A medicine to check the secretion of milk, or to dispel a supposed accumulation of milk in any part of the body.

Lactim

Lac"tim (?), n. [Lactic + imido.] (Chem.) One of a series of anhydrides resembling the lactams, but of an imido type; as, isatine is a lactim. Cf. Lactam.

Lactimide

Lac*tim"ide (?), n. [Lactic + imide.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance obtained as an anhydride of alanine, and regarded as an imido derivative of lactic acid.

Lactin

Lac"tin (?), n. [L. lac, lactis, milk: cf. F. lactine. Cf. Galactin.] (Physiol. Chem.) See Lactose.

Lactoabumin

Lac`to*a*bu"min (?), n. [L. lac, lactis, milk + E. albumin.] (Physiol. Chem.) The albumin present on milk, apparently identical with ordinary serum albumin. It is distinct from the casein of milk.

Lactobutyrometer

Lac`to*bu`ty*rom"e*ter (?), n. [L. lac, lactis, milk + E. butyrometer.] An instrument for determining the amount of butter fat contained in a given sample of milk.

Lactodensimeter

Lac`to*den*sim"e*ter (?), n. [L. lac, lactis, milk + E. densimeter.] A form of hydrometer, specially graduated, for finding the density of milk, and thus discovering whether it has been mixed with water or some of the cream has been removed.

Lactometer

Lac*tom"e*ter (?), n. [L. lac, lactis, milk + meter: cf. F. lactom\'8atre. Cf. Galactometer.] An instrument for estimating the purity or richness of milk, as a measuring glass, a specific gravity bulb, or other apparatus.

Lactone

Lac"tone (?), n. (Chem.) One of a series of organic compounds, regarded as anhydrides of certain hydroxy acids. In general, they are colorless liquids, having a weak aromatic odor. They are so called because the typical lactone is derived from lactic acid.

Lactonic

Lac*ton"ic (?), a. [From Lactone.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, lactone.

Lactonic

Lac*ton"ic, a. [From Lactose.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the oxidation of milk sugar (lactose).

Lactoprotein

Lac`to*pro"te*in (?), n. [L.lac, lactis,milk + E. protein.] (Physiol. Chem.) A peculiar albuminous body considered a normal constituent of milk.

Lactory

Lac"to*ry (?), a. Lactiferous. [Obs.] "Lactory or milky plants." Sir T. Browne.

Lactoscope

Lac"to*scope (?), n. [L. lac, lactis + scope.] An instrument for estimating the amount of cream contained in milk by ascertaining its relative opacity.

Lactose

Lac"tose` (?), n.

1. (Physiol. Chem.) Sugar of milk or milk sugar; a crystalline sugar present in milk, and separable from the whey by evaporation and crystallization. It has a slightly sweet taste, is dextrorotary, and is much less soluble in water than either cane sugar or glucose. Formerly called lactin.

2. (Chem.) See Galactose.

Lactuca

Lac*tu"ca (?), n. [L., lettuce. See Lettuce.] (Bot.) A genus of composite herbs, several of which are cultivated foe salad; lettuce.

Lactucarium

Lac`tu*ca"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. L. lactuca lettuce.] The inspissated juice of the common lettuce, sometimes used as a substitute for opium.

Lactucic

Lac*tu"cic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the juice of the Lactuca virosa; -- said of certain acids.

Lactucin

Lac*tu"cin (?), n. [From Lactuca: cf. F. lactucine.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, having a bitter taste and a neutral reaction, and forming one of the essential ingredients of lactucarium.

Lactucone

Lac*tu"cone (?), n. [From Lactuca.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, tasteless substance, found in the milky sap of species of Lactuca, and constituting an essential ingredient of lactucarium.

Lacturamic

Lac`tu*ram"ic (, a. [Lactic + urea + amic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an organic amido acid, which is regarded as a derivative of lactic acid and urea.

Lactyl

Lac"tyl (?), n. [Lactic + -yl.] (Chem.) An organic residue or radical derived from lactic acid.

Lacuna

La*cu"na (?), n.; pl. L. Lacun\'91 (#); E. Lacunas (#). [L., ditch, pit, lake, orig., anything hollow. See Lagoon.]

1. A small opening; a small pit or depression; a small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.

2. (Biol.) A small opening; a small depression or cavity; a space, as a vacant space between the cells of plants, or one of the spaces left among the tissues of the lower animals, which serve in place of vessels for the circulation of the body fluids, or the cavity or sac, usually of very small size, in a mucous membrane.


Page 824

Lacunal, Lacunar

La*cu"nal (?), La*cu"nar (?), a. Pertaining to, or having, lacun\'91; as, a lacunar circulation.

Lacunar

La*cu"nar, n.; pl. E. Lacunars (#), L. Lacunaria (#). [L.] (Arch.) (a) The ceiling or under surface of any part, especially when it consists of compartments, sunk or hollowed without spaces or bands between the panels. Gwilt (b) One of the sunken panels in such a ceiling.

Lacune

La*cune" (?), n. [F.] A lacuna. [R.] Landor.

Lacunose, Lacunous

Lac"u*nose` (?), La*cu"nous (?), a. [L. lacunosus full of holes or hollows; cf. F. lacuneux. See Lacuna.] (Biol.) Furrowed or pitted; having shallow cavities or lacun\'91; as, a lacunose leaf.

Lacustral, Lacustrine

La*cus"tral (?), La*cus"trine (?), a. [L. lacus lake: cf. F. lacustral, lacustre.] Found in, or pertaining to, lakes or ponds, or growing in them; as, lacustrine flowers. Lacustrine deposits (Geol.), the deposits which have been accumulated in fresh-water areas. -- Lacustrine dwellings. See Lake dwellings, under Lake.

Lacwork

Lac"work` (?), n. Ornamentation by means of lacquer painted or carved, or simply colored, sprinkled with gold or the like; -- said especially of Oriental work of this kind.

Lad

Lad (?), obs. p. p. of Lead, to guide Chaucer.

Lad

Lad (?), n. [OE. ladde, of Celtic origin; cf. W. , Ir. lath. (. Cf. Lass.]

1. A boy; a youth; a stripling. "Cupid is a knavish lad." Shak.

There is a lad here, which hath fire barley loaves and two small fishes. John vi. 9.

2. A companion; a comrade; a mate. Lad's love. (Bot.) See Boy's love, under Boy.

Ladanum

Lad"a*num (?), n. [L. ladanum, ledanum, Fr. (l\'bedan, l\'beden. Cf. Laudanum.] A gum resin gathered from certain Oriental species of Cistus. It has a pungent odor and is chiefly used in making plasters, and for fumigation. [Written also labdanum.]

Ladde

Lad"de (?), obs. imp. of Lead, to guide. Chaucer.

Ladder

Lad"der (?), n. [OE. laddre, AS. hl, hl; akin to OFries. hladder, OHG.leitara, G. leiter, and from the root of E. lean, v. (Lean, v. i., and cf. Climax.]

1. A frame usually portable, of wood, metal, or rope, for ascent and descent, consisting of two side pieces to which are fastened cross strips or rounds forming steps.

Some the engines play, And some, more bold, mount ladders to the fire. Dryden.

2. That which resembles a ladder in form or use; hence, that by means of which one attains to eminence.

Lowliness is young ambition's ladder. Shak.
Fish ladder. See under Fish. -- Ladder beetle (Zo\'94l.), an American leaf beetle (Chrysomela scalaris). The elytra are silvery white, striped and spotted with green; the under wings are rose-colored. It feeds upon the linden tree. -- Ladder handle, an iron rail at the side of a vertical fixed ladder, to grasp with the hand in climbing. -- Ladder shell (Zo\'94l.), a spiral marine shell of the genus Scalaria. See Scalaria.

Laddie

Lad"die (?), n. A lad; a male sweetheart. [Scot.]

Lade

Lade (?), v. t. [imp. Laded; p. p. Laded, Laded (; p. pr. & vb. n. Lading.] [AS. hladan to heap, load, draw (water); akin to D. & G. laden to load, OHG. hladan, ladan, Icel. hla, Sw. ladda, Dan. lade, Goth. afhlapan. Cf. Load, Ladle, Lathe for turning, Last a load.]

1. To load; to put a burden or freight on or in; -- generally followed by that which receives the load, as the direct object.

And they laded their asses with the corn. Gen. xlii. 26.

2. To throw in out. with a ladle or dipper; to dip; as, to lade water out of a tub, or into a cistern.

And chides the sea that sunders him from thence, Saying, he'll lade it dry to have his way. Shak.

3. (Plate Glass Manuf.) To transfer (the molten glass) from the pot to the forming table.

Lade

Lade, v. i. [See Lade, v. t.]

1. To draw water. [Obs.]

2. (Naut.) To admit water by leakage, as a ship, etc.

Lade

Lade, n. [Prov. E., a ditch or drain. Cf. Lode, Lead to conduct.]

1. The mouth of a river. [Obs.] Bp. Gibson.

2. A passage for water; a ditch or drain. [Prov. Eng.]

Lademan

Lade"man (?), n. One who leads a pack horse; a miller's servant. [Obs. or Local]

Laden

Lad"en (?), p. & a. Loaded; freighted; burdened; as, a laden vessel; a laden heart.
Ah sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity. Is. i. 4.
A ship laden with gold. Shak.

Ladied

La"died (?), a. Ladylike; not rough; gentle. [Obs.] "Stroked with a ladied land." Feltham.

Ladies' eardrops

La"dies' ear`drops` (?). (Bot.) The small-flowered Fuchsia (F. coccinea), and other closely related species.

Ladify

La"di*fy (?), v. t. [Lady + -fy.] To make a lady of; to make ladylike. [Obs.] Massinger.

Ladin

La*din" (?), n. [From L. Latinus Latin. See Latin] A Romansch dialect spoken in some parts of Switzerland and the Tyrol.

Lading

Lad"ing (?), n.

1. The act of loading.

2. That which lades or constitutes a load or cargo; freight; burden; as, the lading of a ship. Bill of lading. See under Bill.

Ladino

La*di"no (?), n.; pl. Ladinos (#). [Sp.] One of the half-breed descendants of whites and Indians; a mestizo; -- so called throughout Central America. They are usually of a yellowish orange tinge. Am. Cyc.

Ladkin

Lad"kin (?), n. A little lad. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Ladle

La"dle (?), n. [AS.hl\'91del, fr. hladan to load, drain. See Lade, v. t.]

1. A cuplike spoon, often of large size, with a long handle, used in lading or dipping.

When the materials of glass have been kept long in fusion, the mixture casts up the superfluous salt, which the workmen take off with ladles. Boyle.

2. (Founding) A vessel to carry liquid metal from the furnace to the mold.

3. The float of a mill wheel; -- called also ladle board.

4. (Gun.) (a) An instrument for drawing the charge of a cannon. (b) A ring, with a handle or handles fitted to it, for carrying shot. Ladle wood (Bot.), the wood of a South African tree (Cassine Colpoon), used for carving.

Ladle

La"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ladled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ladling (?).] To take up and convey in a ladle; to dip with, or as with, a ladle; as, to ladle out soup; to ladle oatmeal into a kettle.

Ladleful

La"dle*ful (?), n.; pl. Ladlefuls (. A quantity sufficient to fill a ladle.

Ladrone

La*drone" (?), n. [Sp. ladron, L. latro servant, robber, Gr. ( A robber; a pirate; hence, loosely, a rogue or rascal.

Lady

La"dy (?), n.; pl. Ladies (#). [OE. ladi, l\'91fdi, AS. hl, hl; AS. hl\'bef loaf + a root of uncertain origin, possibly akin to E. dairy. See Loaf, and cf. Lord.]

1. A woman who looks after the domestic affairs of a family; a mistress; the female head of a household.

Agar, the handmaiden of Sara, whence comest thou, and whither goest thou? The which answered, Fro the face of Sara my lady. Wyclif (Gen. xvi. 8.).

2. A woman having proprietary rights or authority; mistress; -- a feminine correlative of lord. "Lord or lady of high degree." Lowell.

Of all these bounds, even from this line to this, . . . We make thee lady. Shak.

3. A woman to whom the particular homage of a knight was paid; a woman to whom one is devoted or bound; a sweetheart.

The soldier here his wasted store supplies, And takes new valor from his lady's eyes. Waller.

4. A woman of social distinction or position. In England, a title prefixed to the name of any woman whose husband is not of lower rank than a baron, or whose father was a nobleman not lower than an earl. The wife of a baronet or knight has the title of Lady by courtesy, but not by right.

5. A woman of refined or gentle manners; a well-bred woman; -- the feminine correlative of gentleman.

6. A wife; -- not now in approved usage. Goldsmith.

7. (Zo\'94l.) The triturating apparatus in the stomach of a lobster; -- so called from a fancied resemblance to a seated female figure. It consists of calcareous plates. Ladies' man, a man who affects the society of ladies. -- Lady altar, an altar in a lady chapel. Shipley. -- Lady chapel, a chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary. -- Lady court, the court of a lady of the manor. -- Lady court, the court of a lady of the manor. -- Lady crab (Zo\'94l.), a handsomely spotted swimming crab (Platyonichus ocellatus) very common on the sandy shores of the Atlantic coast of the United States. -- Lady fern. (Bot.) See Female fern, under Female, and Illust. of Fern. -- Lady in waiting, a lady of the queen's household, appointed to wait upon or attend the queen. -- Lady Mass, a Mass said in honor of the Virgin Mary. Shipley. Lady of the manor, a lady having jurisdiction of a manor; also, the wife of a manor lord. Lady's maid, a maidservant who dresses and waits upon a lady. Thackeray. -- Our Lady, the Virgin Mary.

Lady

La"dy, a. Belonging or becoming to a lady; ladylike. "Some lady trifles." Shak.

Ladybird

La"dy*bird` (?), n. [Equiv. to, bird of Our Lady.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small beetles of the genus Coccinella and allied genera (family Coccinellid\'91); -- called also ladybug, ladyclock, lady cow, lady fly, and lady beetle. Coccinella seplempunctata in one of the common European species. See Coccinella. &hand; The ladybirds are usually more or less hemispherical in form, with a smooth, polished surface, and often colored red, brown, or black, with small spots of brighter colors. Both the larv\'91 and the adult beetles of most species feed on aphids, and for this reason they are very beneficial to agriculture and horticulture.

Ladybug

La"dy*bug` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Ladybird.

Ladyclock

La"dy*clock` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Ladyrird.

Lady

La"dy` (?). The day of the annunciation of the Virgin Mary, March 25. See Annunciation.

Ladyfish

La"dy*fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large, handsome oceanic fish (Albula vulpes), found both in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans; -- called also bonefish, grubber, French mullet, and macab\'82. (b) A labroid fish (Harpe rufa) of Florida and the West Indies.

Ladyhood

La"dy*hood (?), n. The state or quality of being a lady; the personality of a lady.

Lady-killer

La"dy-kill`er (?), n. A gallant who captivates the hearts of women. "A renowned dandy and lady-killer." Blackw. Mag.

Lady-killing

La"dy-kill`ing, n. The art or practice of captivating the hearts of women.
Better for the sake of womankind that this dangerous dog should leave off lady-killing. Thackeray.

Ladykin

La"dy*kin (?), n. [Lady + -kin.] A little lady; -- applied by the writers of Queen Elizabeth's time, in the abbreviated form Lakin, to the Virgin Mary. &hand; The diminutive does not refer to size, but is equivalent to "dear." Brewer.

Ladylike

La"dy*like` (?), a.

1. Like a lady in appearance or manners; well-bred.

She was ladylike, too, after the manner of the feminine gentility of those days. Hawthorne.

2. Becoming or suitable to a lady; as, ladylike manners. "With fingers ladylike." Warner.

3. Delicate; tender; feeble; effeminate.

Too ladylike a long fatigue to bear. Dryden.

Ladylikeness

La"dy*like`ness (?), n. The quality or state of being ladylike.

Ladylove

La"dy*love` (?), n. A sweetheart or mistress.

Lady's bedstraw

La"dy's bed"straw` (?), (Bot.) The common bedstraw (Galium verum); also, a slender-leaved East Indian shrub (Pharnaceum Mollugo), with white flowers in umbels.

Lady's bower

La"dy's bow"er (?). (Bot.) A climbing plant with fragrant blossoms (Clematis vitalba). &hand; This term is sometimes applied to other plants of the same genus.

Lady's comb

La"dy's comb" (?), (Bot.) An umbelliferous plant (Scandix Pecten-Veneris), its clusters of long slender fruits remotely resembling a comb.

Lady's cushion

La"dy's cush"ion (?), (Bot.) An herb growing in dense tufts; the thrift (Armeria vulgaris).

Lady's finger

La"dy's fin"ger (?),

1. pl. (Bot.) The kidney vetch.

2. (Cookery) A variety of small cake of about the dimensions of a finger.

3. A long, slender variety of the potato.

4. (Zo\'94l.) One of the branchi\'91 of the lobster.

Lady's garters

La"dy's gar"ters (?). (Bot.) Ribbon grass.

Lady's hair

La"dy's hair" (?). (Bot.) A plant of the genus Briza (B. media); a variety of quaking grass.

Ladyship

La"dy*ship (?), n. The rank or position of a lady; -- given as a title (preceded by her or your.)
Your ladyship shall observe their gravity. B. Jonson.

Lady's laces

La"dy's la"ces (?). (Bot.) A slender climbing plant; dodder.

Lady's looking-glass

La"dy's look"ing-glass` (?). (Bot.) See Venus's looking-glass, under Venus.

Lady's mantle

La"dy's man"tle (?). (Bot.) A genus of rosaceous herbs (Alchemilla), esp. the European A. vulgaris, which has leaves with rounded and finely serrated lobes.

Lady's seal

La"dy's seal" (?).(Bot.) (a) The European Solomon's seal (Polygonatum verticillatum). (b) The black bryony (Tamus communis).

Lady's slipper

La"dy's slip"per (?). (Bot.) Any orchidaceous plant of the genus Cypripedium, the labellum of which resembles a slipper. Less commonly, in the United States, the garden balsam (Impatiens Balsamina).

Lady's smock

La"dy's smock" (?). (Bot.) A plant of the genus Cardamine (C. pratensis); cuckoo flower.

Lady's thimble

La"dy's thim"ble (?). (Bot.) The harebell.

Lady's thumb

La"dy's thumb" (?). (Bot.) An annual weed (Polygonum Persicaria), having a lanceolate leaf with a dark spot in the middle.

Lady's traces, Ladies' tresses

La"dy's tra"ces (?), La"dies' tress"es (?). (Bot.) A name given to several species of the orchidaceous genus Spiranthes, in which the white flowers are set in spirals about a slender axis and remotely resemble braided hair.

L\'91laps

L\'91"laps (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ( (Paleon.) A genus of huge, carnivorous, dinosaurian reptiles from the Cretaceous formation of the United States. They had very large hind legs and tail, and are supposed to have been bipedal. Some of the species were about eighteen feet high.

Laemmergeyer

Laem"mer*gey`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Lammergeir.

L\'91modipod

L\'91*mod"i*pod (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the L\'91modipoda.

L\'91modipoda

L\'91`mo*dip"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of amphipod Crustacea, in which the abdomen is small or rudimentary and the legs are often reduced to five pairs. The whale louse, or Cyamus, and Caprella are examples.

L\'91modipodous

L\'91`mo*dip"o*dous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the L\'91modipoda.

L\'91tere Sunday

L\'91*te"re Sun"day (?). The fourth Sunday of Lent; -- so named from the Latin word L\'91tare (rejoice), the first word in the antiphone of the introit sung that day in the Roman Catholic service.

L\'91vigate

L\'91v"i*gate (?), a. [See Levigate.] (Biol.) Having a smooth surface, as if polished.

L\'91vo-

L\'91"vo- (?). A prefix. See Levo.

L\'91vorotatory

L\'91"vo*ro"ta*to*ry (?), a. Same as Levorotatory. Cf. Dextrorotatory.

L\'91vulose

L\'91v"u*lose` (?), n. (Chem.) See Levulose.

Lafayette

La`fa`yette" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The dollar fish. (b) A market fish, the goody, or spot (Liostomus xanthurus), of the southern coast of the United States.

Laft

Laft (?), obs. p. p. of Leave. Chaucer.

Lafte

Laf"te (?), obs. imp. of Leave. Chaucer.

Lag

Lag (?), a. [Of Celtic origin: cf. Gael. & Ir. lagweak, feeble, faint, W. llag, llac, slack, loose, remiss, sluggish; prob. akin to E. lax, languid.]

1. Coming tardily after or behind; slow; tardy. [Obs.]

Came too lag to see him buried. Shak.

2. Last; long-delayed; -- obsolete, except in the phrase lag end. "The lag end of my life." Shak.


Page 825

3. Last made; hence, made of refuse; inferior. [Obs.] "Lag souls." Dryden.

Lag

Lag (?), n.

1. One who lags; that which comes in last. [Obs.] "The lag of all the flock." Pope.

2. The fag-end; the rump; hence, the lowest class.

The common lag of people. Shak.

3. The amount of retardation of anything, as of a valve in a steam engine, in opening or closing.

4. A stave of a cask, drum, etc.; especially (Mach.), one of the narrow boards or staves forming the covering of a cylindrical object, as a boiler, or the cylinder of a carding machine or a steam engine.

5. (Zo\'94l.) See Graylag. Lag of the tide, the interval by which the time of high water falls behind the mean time, in the first and third quarters of the moon; -- opposed to priming of the tide, or the acceleration of the time of high water, in the second and fourth quarters; depending on the relative positions of the sun and moon. -- Lag screw, an iron bolt with a square head, a sharp-edged thread, and a sharp point, adapted for screwing into wood; a screw for fastening lags.

Lag

Lag, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lagging (?).] To walk or more slowly; to stay or fall behind; to linger or loiter. "I shall not lag behind." Milton. Syn. -- To loiter; linger; saunter; delay; be tardy.

Lag

Lag, v. t.

1. To cause to lag; to slacken. [Obs.] "To lag his flight." Heywood.

2. (Mach.) To cover, as the cylinder of a steam engine, with lags. See Lag, n., 4.

Lag

Lag, n. One transported for a crime. [Slang, Eng.]

Lag

Lag, v. t. To transport for crime. [Slang, Eng.]
She lags us if we poach. De Quincey.

Lagan

La"gan (?), n. & v. See Ligan.

Lagarto

La*gar"to (?), n. [See Alligator.] An alligator. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

Lagena

La*ge"na (?), n.; pl. L. Lagen\'91 (#), E. Lagenas (#). [L., a flask; cf. Gr. (Anat.) The terminal part of the cochlea in birds and most reptiles; an appendage of the sacculus, corresponding to the cochlea, in fishes and amphibians.

Lagenian

La*ge"ni*an (?), a. [See Lagena.] (Zo\'94l.) Like, or pertaining to, Lagena, a genus of Foraminifera having a straight, chambered shell.

Lageniform

La*ge"ni*form (?), a. [See Lagena, and -form.] (Bot.) Shaped like a bottle or flask; flag-shaped.

Lager

La"ger (?), n. Lager beer.

Lager beer

La"ger beer` (?). [G. lager bed, storehouse + bier beer. See Lair, and Beer.] Originally a German beer, but now also made in immense quantities in the United States; -- so called from its being laid up or stored for some months before use.

Lager wine

La"ger wine` (?). Wine which has been kept for some time in the cellar. Simmonds.

Laggard

Lag"gard (?), a. [Lag + -ard.] Slow; sluggish; backward.

Laggard

Lag"gard, n. One who lags; a loiterer.

Lagger

Lag"ger (?), n. A laggard.

Lagging

Lag"ging (?), n.

1. (Mach.) The clothing (esp., an outer, wooden covering), as of a steam cylinder, applied to prevent the radiation of heat; a covering of lags; -- called also deading and cleading.

2. Lags, collectively; narrow planks extending from one rib to another in the centering of arches.

Laggingly

Lag"ging*ly, adv. In a lagging manner; loiteringly.

Lagly

Lag"ly (?), adv. Laggingly. [Prov. Eng.]

Lagomorph

Lag"o*morph (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Lagomorpha.

Lagemorpha

Lag`e*mor"pha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of rodents, including the hares. They have four incisors in the upper jaw. Called also Duplicidentata.

Lagoon

La*goon" (?), n. [It. or Sp. laguna, L. lacuna ditch, pool, pond,lacus lake. See Lake, and cf. Lacuna.] [Written also lagune.]

1. A shallow sound, channel, pond, or lake, especially one into which the sea flows; as, the lagoons of Venice.

2. A lake in a coral island, often occupying a large portion of its area, and usually communicating with the sea. See Atoll. Lagoon island, a coral island consisting of a narrow reef encircling a lagoon.

Lagophthalmia, Lagophthalmos

Lag`oph*thal"mi*a (?), Lag`oph*thal"mos (?), n. [NL. lagophtalmia, fr. Gr. lagw`s hare + 'ofqalmo`s eye; -- so called from the notion that a hare sleeps with his eyes open.] (Med.) A morbid condition in which the eye stands wide open, giving a peculiar staring appearance.

Lagopous

La*go"pous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having a dense covering of long hair, like the foot of a hare.

Lagune

La*gune" (?), n. See Lagoon.

Laic, Laical

La"ic (?), La"ic*al (?), a. [L. laicus: cf. F. la\'8bque. See Lay laic.] Of or pertaining to a layman or the laity. "Laical literature." Lowell.
An unprincipled, unedified, and laic rabble. Milton.

Laic

La"ic, n. A layman. Bp. Morton.

Laicality

La"ic*al"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being laic; the state or condition of a layman.

Laically

La"ic*al*ly (?), adv. As a layman; after the manner of a layman; as, to treat a matter laically.

Laid

Laid (?), imp. & p. p. of Lay. Laid paper, paper marked with parallel lines or water marks, as if ribbed, from parallel wires in the mold. It is called blue laid, cream laid, etc., according to its color.

Laidly

Laid"ly, a. Ugly; loathsome. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
This laidly and loathsome worm. W. Howitt.

Lain

Lain (?), p. p. of Lie, v. i.

Lainere

Lain"ere (?), n. See Lanier. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lair

Lair (?), n. [OE. leir, AS. leger; akin to D. leger, G. lager couch, lair, OHG. laga, Goth. ligrs, and to E. lie. See Lie to be prostrate, and cf. Layer, Leaguer.]

1. A place in which to lie or rest; especially, the bed or couch of a wild beast.

2. A burying place. [Scot.] Jamieson.

3. A pasture; sometimes, food. [Obs.] Spenser.

Laird

Laird (?), n. [See Lord.] A lord; a landholder, esp. one who holds land directly of the crown. [Scot.]

Lairdship

Laird"ship, n. The state of being a laird; an estate; landed property. [Scot.] Ramsay.

Laism

La"ism (?), n. See Lamaism. [R.]

Laissez faire

Lais`sez" faire" (?). [F., let alone.] Noninterference; -- an axiom of some political economists, deprecating interference of government by attempts to foster or regulate commerce, manufactures, etc., by bounty or by restriction; as, the doctrine of laissez faire; the laissez faire system government.

Lai-ty

La"i-ty (?), n. [See Lay, a.]

1. The people, as distinguished from the clergy; the body of the people not in orders.

A rising up of the laity against the sacerdotal caste. Macaulay.

2. The state of a layman. [Obs.] Ayliffe.

3. Those who are not of a certain profession, as law or medicine, in distinction from those belonging to it.

Lakao

La*ka"o (?), n. Sap green. [China]

Lake

Lake (?), n. [F. laque, fr. Per. See Lac.] A pigment formed by combining some coloring matter, usually by precipitation, with a metallic oxide or earth, esp. with aluminium hydrate; as, madder lake; Florentine lake; yellow lake, etc.

Lake

Lake, n. [Cf. G. laken.] A kind of fine white linen, formerly in use. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lake

Lake (?), v. i. [AS. l\'becan, l\'91can, to spring, jump, l\'bec play, sport, or fr. Icel. leika to play, sport; both akin to Goth. laikan to dance. &root;120. Cf. Knowledge.] To play; to sport. [Prov. Eng.]

Lake

Lake, n. [AS. lac, L. lacus; akin to AS. lagu lake, sea, Icel. l\'94gr; OIr. loch; cf. Gr. Loch, Lough.] A large body of water contained in a depression of the earth's surface, and supplied from the drainage of a more or less extended area. &hand; Lakes are for the most part of fresh water; the salt lakes, like the Great Salt Lake of Utah, have usually no outlet to the ocean. Lake dwellers (Ethnol.), people of a prehistoric race, or races, which inhabited different parts of Europe. Their dwellings were built on piles in lakes, a short distance from the shore. Their relics are common in the lakes of Switzerland. -- Lake dwellings (Arch\'91ol.), dwellings built over a lake, sometimes on piles, and sometimes on rude foundations kept in place by piles; specifically, such dwellings of prehistoric times. Lake dwellings are still used by many savage tribes. Called also lacustrine dwellings. See Crannog. -- Lake fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of dipterous flies of the genus Chironomus. In form they resemble mosquitoes, but they do not bite. The larv\'91 live in lakes. -- Lake herring (Zo\'94l.), the cisco (Coregonus Artedii). -- Lake poets, Lake school, a collective name originally applied in contempt, but now in honor, to Southey, Coleridge, and Wordsworth, who lived in the lake country of Cumberland, England, Lamb and a few others were classed with these by hostile critics. Called also lakers and lakists. -- Lake sturgeon (Zo\'94l.), a sturgeon (Acipenser rubicundus), of moderate size, found in the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River. It is used as food. -- Lake trout (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of trout and salmon; in Europe, esp. Salmo fario; in the United States, esp. Salvelinus namaycush of the Great Lakes, and of various lakes in New York, Eastern Maine, and Canada. A large variety of brook trout (S. fontinalis), inhabiting many lakes in New England, is also called lake trout. See Namaycush. -- Lake whitefish. (Zo\'94l.) See Whitefish. -- Lake whiting (Zo\'94l.), an American whitefish (Coregonus Labradoricus), found in many lakes in the Northern United States and Canada. It is more slender than the common whitefish.

Lake-dweller

Lake"-dwell`er (?), n. See Lake dwellers, under Lake.

Lakelet

Lake"let (?), n. A little lake. Southey.

Lakeweed

Lake"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) The water pepper (Polygonum Hydropiper), an aquatic plant of Europe and North America.

Lakh

Lakh (?), n. Same as Lac, one hundred thousand.

Lakin

La"kin (?), n. See Ladykin.

Lakke

Lak"ke (?), n. & v. See Lack. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Laky

Lak"y (?), a. Pertaining to a lake. Sir W. Scott.

Laky

Lak"y, a. [From Lake the pigment.] Transparent; -- said of blood rendered transparent by the action of some solvent agent on the red blood corpuscles.

Lallation

Lal*la"tion (?), n. [L. lallare to sing lalla, or lullaby: cf. F. lallation.] An imperfect enunciation of the letter r, in which it sounds like l.

Lalo

La"lo (?), n. The powdered leaves of the baobab tree, used by the Africans to mix in their soup, as the southern negroes use powdered sassafras. Cf. Couscous.

Lam

Lam (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lammed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lamming.] [Icel. lemja to beat, or lama to bruise, both fr. lami, lama, lame. See Lame.] To beat soundly; to thrash. [Obs. or Low] Beau. & Fl.

Lama

La"ma (?; 277), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Llama.

Lama

La"ma, n. [Thibet. blama (pronounced l\'84\'b6ma) a chief, a high priest.] In Thibet, Mongolia, etc., a priest or monk of the belief called Lamaism. The Grand Lama, ∨ Dalai Lama [lit., Ocean Lama], the supreme pontiff in the lamaistic hierarchy. See Lamaism.

Lamaic

La"ma*ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Lamaism.

Lamaism

La"ma*ism (?), n. A modified form of Buddhism which prevails in Thibet, Mongolia, and some adjacent parts of Asia; -- so called from the name of its priests. See 2d Lama.

Lamaist, Lamaite

La"ma*ist (?), La"ma*ite (?) n. One who believes in Lamaism.

Lamaistic

La`ma*is"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Lamaism.

Lamantin

La*man"tin (?), n. [F. lamantin, lamentin, prob. from the name of the animal in the Antilles. Cf. Manater.] (Zo\'94l.) The manatee. [Written also lamentin, and lamantine.]

Lamarckian

La*marck"i*an (?), a. Pertaining to, or involved in, the doctrines of Lamarckianism.

Lamarckianism

La*marck"i*an*ism (?), n. (Biol.) Lamarckism.

Lamarckism

La"marck"ism (?), n. [From Lamarck, a distinguished French naturalist.] (Biol.) The theory that structural variations, characteristic of species and genera, are produced in animals and plants by the direct influence of physical environments, and esp., in the case of animals, by effort, or by use or disuse of certain organs.

Lamasery

La"ma*ser*y (?), n. [See 2d Lama.] A mo

Lamb

Lamb (?), n. [AS. lamb; akin to D. & Dan. lam, G. & Sw. lamm, OS., Goth., & Icel. lamb.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) The young of the sheep.

2. Any person who is as innocent or gentle as a lamb.

3. A simple, unsophisticated person; in the cant of the Stock Exchange, one who ignorantly speculates and is victimized. Lamb of God, The Lamb (Script.), the Jesus Christ, in allusion to the paschal lamb.

The twelve apostles of the Lamb. Rev. xxi. 14.
Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world. John i. 29.
-- Lamb's lettuce (Bot.), an annual plant with small obovate leaves (Valerianella olitoria), often used as a salad; corn salad. [Written also lamb lettuce.] -- Lamb's tongue, a carpenter's plane with a deep narrow bit, for making curved grooves. Knight. -- Lamb's wool. (a) The wool of a lamb. (b) Ale mixed with the pulp of roasted apples; -- probably from the resemblance of the pulp of roasted apples to lamb's wool. [Obs.] Goldsmith.

Lamb

Lamb (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lambed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lambing.] To bring forth a lamb or lambs, as sheep.

Lambale

Lamb"ale` (?), n. A feast at the time of shearing lambs.

Lambaste

Lam*baste" (?), v. t. [Lam + baste to beat.] To beat severely. [Low] Nares.

Lambative

Lam"ba*tive (?), a. [L. lambere to lick. See Lambent.] Taken by licking with the tongue. "Sirups and lambative medicines." Sir T. Browne.

Lambative

Lam"ba*tive, n. A medicine taken by licking with the tongue; a lincture. Wiseman.

Lambda

Lamb"da (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.

1. The name of the Greek letter

2. (Anat.) The point of junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures of the skull. Lambda moth (Zo\'94l.), a moth so called from a mark on its wings, resembling the Greek letter lambda (

Lambdacism

Lamb"da*cism (?), n. [L. lambdacismus, Gr. la`mbda the letter lambda (

1. A fault in speaking or in composition, which consists in too frequent use of the letter l, or in doubling it erroneously.

2. A defect in pronunciation of the letter l when doubled, which consists in giving it a sound as if followed by y, similar to that of the letters lli in billion.

3. The use of the sound of l for that of r in pronunciation; lallation; as, Amelican for American.

Lambdoid

Lamb"doid (?), a. [Gr. la`mbda the letter lambda (e"i^dos shape.] Shaped like the Greek letter lambda (as, the lambdoid suture between the occipital and parietal bones of the skull.

Lambdoidal

Lamb*doid"al (?), a. Same as Lambdoid.

Lambent

Lam"bent (?), a. [L. lambens, -enlis, p. pr. of lambere to lick; akin to lap. See Lap to drink by licking.]

1. Playing on the surface; touching lightly; gliding over. "A lambent flame." Dryden. "A lambent style." Beaconsfield.

2. Twinkling or gleaming; fickering. "The lambent purity of the stars." W. Irving.

Lambert pine

Lam"bert pine` (?). [So called from Lambert, an English botanist.] (Bot.) The gigantic sugar pine of California and Oregon (Pinus Lambertiana). It has the leaves in fives, and cones a foot long. The timber is soft, and like that of the white pine of the Eastern States.

Lambkin

Lamb"kin (?), n. A small lamb.

Lamblike

Lamb"like (?), a. Like a lamb; gentle; meek; inoffensive.

Lamboys

Lam"boys (?), n. pl. [Cf. F. lambeau. Cf. Label.] (Anc. Armor) Same as Base, n., 19.

Lambrequin

Lam"bre*quin (?), n. [F. Cf. Lamboys, Label.]

1. A kind of pendent scarf or covering attached to the helmet, to protect it from wet or heat.

2. A leather flap hanging from a cuirass. Wilhelm.

3. A piece of ornament drapery or short decorative hanging, pendent from a shelf or from the casing above a window, hiding the curtain fixtures, or the like.

Lambskin

Lamb"skin` (?), n.

1. The skin of a lamb; especially, a skin dressed with the wool on, and used as a mat. Also used adjectively.

2. A kind of woolen.

Lambskinnet

Lamb"skin`net" (?), n. See Lansquenet.

Lamb's-quarters

Lamb's-quar"ters (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to several plants of the Goosefoot family, sometimes used as pot herbs, as Chenopodium album and Atriplex patulsa.

Lamdoidal

Lam*doid"al (?), a. Lambdoid. [R.]

Lame

Lame (?), a. [Compar. Lamer (?); superl. Lamest.] [OE. lame, AS. lama; akin to D. lam, G. lahm,OHG., Dan., & Sw. lam, Icel. lami, Russ. lomate to break, lomota rheumatism.]

1. (a) Moving with pain or difficulty on account of injury, defect, or temporary obstruction of a function; as, a lame leg, arm, or muscle. (b) To some degree disabled by reason of the imperfect action of a limb; crippled; as, a lame man. "Lame of one leg." Arbuthnot. "Lame in both his feet." 2 Sam. ix. 13. "He fell, and became lame." 2 Sam. iv. 4.

2. Hence, hobbling; limping; inefficient; imperfect. "A lame endeavor." Barrow.

O, most lame and impotent conclusion! Shak.
Lame duck (stock Exchange), a person who can not fulfill his contracts. [Cant]
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Lame

Lame (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Laming.] To make lame.
If you happen to let child fall and lame it. Swift.

Lamel

Lam"el (?), n. See Lamella.

Lamella

La*mel"la (?), n.; pl. L. Lamell\'91 (#), E. Lamellas (#). [L. lamella, dim. of lamina plate, leaf, layer: cf. F. lamelle. Cf. Lamina, Omelet.] a thin plate or scale of anything, as a thin scale growing from the petals of certain flowers; or one of the thin plates or scales of which certain shells are composed.

Lamellar, a. [Cf. F. lamellaire.] Flat and thin; lamelliform; composed of lamell\'91. -- Lamellarly

Lam"el*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. lamellaire.] Flat and thin; lamelliform; composed of lamell\'91. -- Lam"el*lar*ly, adv. In thin plates or scales.

Lamellary

Lam"el*la*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to lamella or to lamell\'91; lamellar.

Lamellate, Lamellated

Lam"el*late (?), Lam"el*la`ted (?), a. [See Lamella.] Composed of, or furnished with, thin plates or scales. See Illust. of Antenn\'91.

Lamellibranch

La*mel"li*branch (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Lamellibranchia. Also used adjectively.

Lamellibranchia, Lamellibranchiata

La*mel`li*bran"chi*a (?), La*mel`li*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See lamella, and Branchia, Branchiate.] (Zo\'94l.) A class of Mollusca including all those that have bivalve shells, as the clams, oysters, mussels, etc. &hand; They usually have two (rarely but one) flat, lamelliform gills on each side of the body. They have an imperfectly developed head, concealed within the shell, whence they are called Acephala. Called also Conchifera, and Pelecypoda. See Bivalve.

Lamellibranchiate

Lam`el*li*bran"chi*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having lamellar gills; belonging to the Lamellibranchia. -- n. One of the Lamellibranchia.

Lamellicorn

La*mel"li*corn (?), a. [Lamella + L. cornu a horn: cf. F. lamellicorne. See Lamella.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Having antenn\'91 terminating in a group of flat lamell\'91; -- said of certain coleopterous insects. (b) Terminating in a group of flat lamell\'91; -- said of antenn\'91. -- n. A lamellicorn insect.

Lamellicornia

La*mel`li*cor"ni*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Lamellicorn.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of lamellicorn, plant-eating beetles; -- called also Lamellicornes.

Lamelliferous

Lam`el*lif"er*ous (?), a. [Lamella + -ferous: cf. F. lamellif\'8are.] Bearing, or composed of, lamell\'91, or thin layers, plates, or scales; foliated.

Lamelliform

La*mel"li*form (?), a. [Lamella + -form : cf. F. lamelliforme.] Thin and flat; scalelike; lamellar.

Lamellirostral

Lam`el*li*ros"tral (?), a. [Lamella + rostral : cf. F. lamellirostre.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a lamellate bill, as ducks and geese.

Lamellirostres

La*mel`li*ros"tres (?), n. pl. [NL. See Lamella, and Rostrum.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of birds embracing the Anseres and flamingoes, in which the bill is lamellate.

Lamellose

Lam"el*lose` (?), a. [Cf. F. lamelleux.] Composed of, or having, lamell\'91; lamelliform.

Lamely

Lame"ly (?), adv. [See Lame.] An a lame, crippled, disabled, or imperfect manner; as, to walk lamely; a figure lamely drawn.

Lameness

Lame"ness, n. The condition or quality of being lame; as, the lameness of an excuse or an argument.

Lament

La*ment" (?), v. i. [F. lamenter, L. lamentari, fr. lamentum a lament.] To express or feel sorrow; to weep or wail; to mourn.
Jeremiah lamented for Josiah. 2 Chron. xxxv. 25.
Ye shall weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice. John xvi. 20.

Lament

La*ment", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lamented; p. pr. & vb. n. Lamenting.] To mourn for; to bemoan; to bewail.
One laughed at follies, one lamented crimes. Dryden.
Syn. -- To deplore; mourn; bewail. See Deplore.

Lament

La*ment", n. [L. lamentum. Cf. Lament, v.]

1. Grief or sorrow expressed in complaints or cries; lamentation; a wailing; a moaning; a weeping.

Torment, and loud lament, and furious rage. Milton.

2. An elegy or mournful ballad, or the like.

Lamentable

Lam"en*ta*ble (?), a. [L. lamentabilis : cf. F. lamentable.]

1. Mourning; sorrowful; expressing grief; as, a lamentable countenance. "Lamentable eye." Spenser.

2. Fitted to awaken lament; to be lamented; sorrowful; pitiable; as, a lamentable misfortune, or error. "Lamentable helplessness." Burke.

3. Miserable; pitiful; paltry; -- in a contemptuous or Bp. Stillingfleet. -- Lam"en*ta*ble*ness, n. -- Lam"en*ta*bly, adv.

Lamentation

Lam`en*ta"tion (?), n. [F. lamentation, L. lamentatio.]

1. The act of bewailing; audible expression of sorrow; wailing; moaning.

In Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation and weeping Matt. ii. 18.

2. pl. (Script.) A book of the Old Testament attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and taking its name from the nature of its contents.

Lamented

La*ment"ed (?), a. Mourned for; bewailed.
This humble praise,lamented shade ! receive. Pope.

Lamenter

La*ment"er (, n. One who laments.

Lamentin

La*men"tin (?), n. See Lamantin.

Lamenting

La*ment"ing (?), n. Lamentation.
Lamentings heard i' the air. Shak.

Lamentingly

La*ment"ing*ly, adv. In a lamenting manner.

Lames

Lames (?), n. pl. [F. lame a thin plate, L. lamina.] (Armor) Small steel plates combined together so as to slide one upon the form a piece of armor.

Lametta

La*met"ta (?), n. [Cf. It. lametta, dim of lama a thin plate.] Foil or wire made of gold, silver, or brass. De Colange.

Lamia

La"mi*a (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.) A monster capable of assuming a woman's form, who was said to devour human beings or suck their blood; a vampire; a sorceress; a with.

Lamina

Lam"i*na (?), n.; pl. L. Lamella.

1. A thin plate or scale; a laying over another; -- said of thin plates or platelike substances, as of bone or minerals.

2. (Bot.) The blade of a leaf; the broad, expanded portion of a petal or sepal of a flower. Gray.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A thin plate or scale; specif., one of the thin, flat processes composing the vane of a feather.

Laminability

Lam`i*na*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being laminable.

Laminable

Lam"i*na*ble (?), a. Capable of being split into lamin\'91 or thin plates, as mica; capable of being extended under pressure into a thin plate or strip.
When a body can be readily extended in all directions under the hammer, it is said to be malleable; and when into fillets under the rolling press, it is said to be laminable. Ure.

Laminar, Laminal

Lam"i*nar (?), Lam"i*nal (?), a. [Cf. F. laminaire. See Lamina] In, or consisting of, thin plates or layers; having the form of a thin plate or lamina.

Laminaria

Lam`i*na"ri*a (?), n. [NL. See Lamina.] (Bot.) A genus of great seaweeds with long and broad fronds; kelp, or devil's apron. The fronds commonly grow in clusters, and are sometimes from thirty to fifty feet in length. See Illust. of Kelp.

Laminarian

Lam`i*na"ri*an (?), a. Pertaining to seaweeds of the genus Laminaria, or to that zone of the sea (from two to ten fathoms in depth) where the seaweeds of this genus grow.

Laminarite

Lam"i*na*rite (?), n. [See Lamina.] (Paleon.) A broad-leafed fossil alga.

Laminary

Lam"i*na*ry (?), a. Laminar.

Laminate

Lam"i*nate (?), a. [See Lamina.] Consisting of, or covered with, lamin\'91, or thin plates, scales, or layers, one over another; laminated.

Laminate

Lam"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Laminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Laminating (?).] [See Lamina.]

1. To cause to separate into thin plates or layers; to divide into thin plates.

2. To form, as metal, into a thin plate, as by rolling. <-- 3. To form by uniting two or more layers (in sheet form) of a material, so that the layers are bonded tightly. 4. (With material as object) To unite (layers in sheet form) by bonding, so as to create a single object with multiple layers. -->

Laminate

Lam"i*nate, v. i. To separate into lamin\'91.

Laminated

Lam"i*na`ted (?), a. Laminate. Laminated arch (Arch.), a timber arch made of layers of bent planks secured by treenails.

Laminating

Lam"i*na`ting (?), a. Forming, or separating into, scales or thin layers.

Lamination

Lam`i*na"tion (?), n. The process of laminating, or the state of being laminated.

Laminiferous

Lam`i*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Lamina + -ferous.] Having a structure consisting of lamin\'91, or thin layers.

Laminiplantar

Lam`i*ni*plan"tar (?), a. [Lamina + L. planta sole of the foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the tarsus covered behind with a horny sheath continuous on both sides, as in most singing birds, except the larks.

Laminitis

Lam`i*ni"tis (?), n. [NL. See Lamina, and -itis.] (Far.) Inflammation of the lamin\'91 or fleshy plates along the coffin bone of a horse; founder. Youatt.

Lamish

Lam"ish (?), a. Somewhat lame. Wood.

Lamm

Lamm (?), v. t. See Lam.

Lammas

Lam"mas (?), n. [AS. hl\'bemmesse, hl\'befm\'91sse, loaf mass, bread feast, or feast of first fruits; hl\'bef loaf + m\'91sse mass. See Loaf, and Mass religious service.] The first day of August; -- called also Lammas day, and Lammastide.

Lammergeir, Lammergeier

Lam"mer*geir (?), Lam"mer*gei`er (?), n. [G. l\'84mmergeier; lamm, pl. l\'84mmer, lamb + geier vulture.] (Zo\'94l.) A very large vulture (Gypa\'89tus barbatus), which inhabits the mountains of Southern Europe, Asia, and Northern Africa. When full-grown it is nine or ten feet in extent of wings. It is brownish black above, with the under parts and neck rusty yellow; the forehead and crown white; the sides of the head and beard black. It feeds partly on carrion and partly on small animals, which it kills. It has the habit of carrying tortoises and marrow bones to a great height, and dropping them on stones to obtain the contents, and is therefore called bonebreaker and ossifrage. It is supposed to be the ossifrage of the Bible. Called also bearded vulture and bearded eagle. [Written also lammergeyer.]

Lamnunguia

Lam*nun"gui*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. lamina a scale + unguis a nail.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Hyracoidea.

Lamp

Lamp (?), n.[OE. (with excrescent p), fr. F. lame, L. lamina. See Lamina.] A thin plate or lamina. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lamp

Lamp (?), n. [F. lampe, L. lampas, -adis, fr. Gr. Lampad, Lantern.]

1. A light-producing vessel, instrument or apparatus; especially, a vessel with a wick used for the combustion of oil or other inflammable liquid, for the purpose of producing artificial light.<-- needs modernization for electric lamps! See def. 3 -->

2. Figuratively, anything which enlightens intellectually or morally; anything regarded metaphorically a performing the uses of a lamp.

Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path. Ps. cxix. 105.
Ages elapsed ere Homer's lamp appeared. Cowper.

3. (Elec.) A device or mechanism for producing light by electricity. See Incandescent lamp, under Incandescent. \'92olipile lamp, a hollow ball of copper containing alcohol which is converted into vapor by a lamp beneath, so as to make a powerful blowpipe flame when the vapor is ignited. Weale. -- Arc lamp (Elec.), a form of lamp in which the voltaic arc is used as the source of light. -- D\'89bereiner's lamp, an apparatus for the instantaneous production of a flame by the spontaneous ignition of a jet of hydrogen on being led over platinum sponge; -- named after the German chemist D\'94bereiner, who invented it. Called also philosopher's lamp. -- Flameless lamp, an aphlogistic lamp. -- Lamp burner, the part of a lamp where the wick is exposed and ignited. Knight. -- Lamp fount, a reservoir for oil, in a lamp. -- Lamp jack. See 2d Jack, n., 4 (l) & (n). -- Lamp shade, a screen, as of paper, glass, or tin, for softening or obstructing the light of a lamp. -- Lamp shell (Zo\'94l.), any brachiopod shell of the genus Terebratula and allied genera. The name refers to the shape, which is like that of an antique lamp. See Terebratula. -- Safety lamp, a miner's lamp in which the flame is surrounded by fine wire gauze, preventing the kindling of dangerous explosive gases; -- called also, from Sir Humphry Davy the inventor, Davy lamp. -- To smell of the lamp, to bear marks of great study and labor, as a literary composition.

Lampad

Lam"pad (?), n. [Gr. Lamp.] A lamp or candlestick. [R.]
By him who 'mid the golden lampads went. Trench.

Lampadist

Lam"pa*dist (?), n. [Gr. Lamp.] (Gr. Antiq.) One who gained the prize in the lampadrome.

Lampadrome

Lam"pa*drome (?), n. [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) A race run by young men with lighted torches in their hands. He who reached the goal first, with his torch unextinguished, gained the prize.

Lampas

Lam"pas (?), n. [F. lampas.] An inflammation and swelling of the soft parts of the roof of the mouth immediately behind the fore teeth in the horse; -- called also lampers.

Lampate

Lam"pate (?), n. [Cf. F. lampate.] (Chem.) A supposed salt of lampic acid. [Obs.]

Lampblack

Lamp"black` (?), n. [Lamp + black.] The fine impalpable soot obtained from the smoke of carbonaceous substances which have been only partly burnt, as in the flame of a smoking lamp. It consists of finely divided carbon, with sometimes a very small proportion of various impurities. It is used as an ingredient of printers' ink, and various black pigments and cements.

Lamper eel

Lam"per eel` (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Lamprey.

Lampern

Lam"pern (?), n. [See Lamprey.] (Zo\'94l.) The river lamprey (Ammoc\'d2tes, ∨ Lampetra, fluviatilis). &hand; The name is also applied to other river lampreys.

Lampers

Lam"pers (?), n. See Lampas.

Lampic

Lam"pic (?), a. [F. lampique, fr. lampe lamp. See Lamp.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or produced by, a lamp; -- formerly said of a supposed acid.

Lamping

Lamp"ing (?), a.Shining; brilliant. [Obs.] "Lamping eyes." Spenser.

Lampless

Lamp"less, a. Being without a lamp, or without light; hence, being without appreciation; dull.
Your ladies' eyes are lampless to that virtue. Beau. & Fl.

Lamplight

Lamp"light` (?), n. Light from a lamp.
This world's artificial lamplights. Owen Meredith.

Lamplighter

Lamp"light`er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, lights a lamp; esp., a person who lights street lamps.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The calico bass.

Lampoon

Lam*poon" (?), n. [F. lampon a drinking song, fr. lampons let us drink, -- the burden of such a song, fr. lamper to guzzle, to drink much and greedily; of German origin, and akin to E. lap to drink. Prob. so called because drinking songs often contain personal slander or satire.] A personal satire in writing; usually, malicious and abusive censure written only to reproach and distress.
Like her who missed her name in a lampoon, And grieved to find herself decayed so soon. Dryden.

Lampoon

Lam*poon", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lampooned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lampooning.] To subject to abusive ridicule expressed in writing; to make the subject of a lampoon.
Ribald poets had lampooned him. Macaulay.
Syn. -- To libel; defame; satirize; lash.

Lampooner

Lam*poon"er (?), n. The writer of a lampoon. "Libelers, lampooners, and pamphleteers." Tatler.

Lampoonry

Lam*poon"ry (?), n. The act of lampooning; a lampoon, or lampoons.

Lamp-post

Lamp"-post` (?), n. A post (generally a pillar of iron) supporting a lamp or lantern for lighting a street, park, etc.

Lamprel

Lam"prel (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Lamprey.

Lamprey

Lam"prey (?), n. ; pl. Lampreys (#). [OE. lampreie, F. lamproie, LL. lampreda, lampetra, from L. lambere to lick + petra rock, stone. The lampreys are so called because they attach themselves with their circular mouths to rocks and stones, whence they are also called rocksuckers. See Lap to drink, Petrify.] (Zo\'94l.) An eel-like marsipobranch of the genus Petromyzon, and allied genera. The lampreys have a round, sucking mouth, without jaws, but set with numerous minute teeth, and one to three larger teeth on the palate (see Illust. of Cyclostomi). There are seven small branchial openings on each side. [Written also lamper eel, lamprel, and lampron.]
Page 827

&hand; The common or sea lamprey of America and Europe (Petromyzon marinus), which in spring ascends rivers to spawn, is considered excellent food by many, and is sold as a market fish in some localities. The smaller river lampreys mostly belong to the genus Ammoc\'d2les, or Lampetra, as A. fluviatilis, of Europe, and A. \'91pypterus of America. All lampreys attach themselves to other fishes, as parasites, by means of the suckerlike mouth.

Lampron

Lam"pron (?), n. [Cf. OE. lampreon. See Lamprey.] (Zo\'94l.) See Lamprey.

Lampyrine

Lam*py"rine (?), n. [See Lampyris.] (Zo\'94l.) An insect of the genus Lampyris, or family Lampyrid\'91. See Lampyris.

Lampyris

Lam*py"ris (?), n. [L., glowworm, Gr. ( (Zo\'94l.) A genus of coleopterous insects, including the glowworms.

Lanarkite

Lan"ark*ite (?), n. [From Lanarkshire, a county in Scotland.] (Min.) A mineral consisting of sulphate of lead, occurring either massive or in long slender prisms, of a greenish white or gray color.

Lanary

La"na*ry (?), n. [L. lanaria, fr. lanarius belonging to wool, lana wool.] A place for storing wool.

Lanate, Lanated

La"nate (?), La"na*ted (?),[L. lanatus, fr. lana wool, down.] Wooly; covered with fine long hair, or hairlike filaments.

Lacashire boiler

La"ca*shire boil"er (?). A steam boiler having two flues which contain the furnaces and extend through the boiler from end to end.

Lacasterian

La`cas*te"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the monitorial system of instruction followed by Joseph Lancaster, of England, in which advanced pupils in a school teach pupils below them.

Lance

Lance (?), n. [OE. lance, F. lance, fr. L. lancea; cf. Gr. Launch.]

1. A weapon of war, consisting of a long shaft or handle and a steel blade or head; a spear carried by horsemen, and often decorated with a small flag; also, a spear or harpoon used by whalers and fishermen.

A braver soldier never couched lance. Shak.

2. A soldier armed with a lance; a lancer.

3. (Founding) A small iron rod which suspends the core of the mold in casting a shell.

4. (Mil.) An instrument which conveys the charge of a piece of ordnance and forces it home.

5. (Pyrotech.) One of the small paper cases filled with combustible composition, which mark the outlines of a figure. Free lance, in the Middle Ages, and subsequently, a knight or roving soldier, who was free to engage for any state or commander that purchased his services; hence, a person who assails institutions or opinions on his own responsibility without regard to party lines or deference to authority. -- Lance bucket (Cavalry), a socket attached to a saddle or stirrup strap, in which to rest the but of a lance. -- Lance corporal, same as Lancepesade. -- Lance knight, a lansquenet. B. Jonson. -- Lance snake (Zo\'94l.), the fer-de-lance. -- Stink-fire lance (Mil.), a kind of fuse filled with a composition which burns with a suffocating odor; -- used in the counter operations of miners. To break a lance, to engage in a tilt or contest.

Lance

Lance, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lanced (; p. pr. & vb. n. Lancing (?).]

1. To pierce with a lance, or with any similar weapon.

Seized the due victim, and with fury lanced Her back. Dryden.

2. To open with a lancet; to pierce; as, to lance a vein or an abscess.

3. To throw in the manner of a lance. See Lanch.

Lance fish

Lance" fish` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A slender marine fish of the genus Ammodytes, especially Ammodytes tobianus of the English coast; -- called also sand lance.

Lancegay, Lancegaye

Lance"gay`, Lance"gaye` (?), n. [OF. lancegaie, corrupted from the same source as E. assagai, under the influence of F. lance lance. See Assagai.] A kind of spear anciently used. Its use was prohibited by a statute of Richard II. Nares.
In his hand a launcegay, A long sword by his side. Chaucer.

Lancelet

Lance"let (?), n. [Lance + -let.] (Zo\'94l.) A small fishlike animal (Amphioxus lanceolatus), remarkable for the rudimentary condition of its organs. It is the type of the class Leptocardia. See Amphioxus, Leptocardia.

Lancely

Lance"ly, a. Like a lance. [R.] Sir P. Sidney.

Lanceolar

Lan"ce*o*lar (?), a. [L. lanceola a little lance, dim. of lancea lance: cf. F. lanc\'82olaire.] (Bot.) Lanceolate.

Lanceolate, Lanceolated

Lan"ce*o*late (?), Lan"ce*o*la`ted (?) a. [L. lanceolatus: cf. F. lanc\'82ol. See Lanceolar.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Rather narrow, tapering to a point at the apex, and sometimes at the base also; as, a lanceolate leaf.

Lancepesade

Lance`pe*sade" (?), n. [F. lancepessade, lanspessade, anspessade, It. lancia spezzata a broken lance or demilance, a demilance roan, a light horseman, bodyguard.] An assistant to a corporal; a private performing the duties of a corporal; -- called also lance corporal.

Lancer

Lan"cer (?), n. [Cf. F. lancier.]

1. One who lances; one who carries a lance; especially, a member of a mounted body of men armed with lances, attached to the cavalry service of some nations. Wilhelm.

2. A lancet. [Obs.]

3. pl. (Dancing) A set of quadrilles of a certain arrangement. [Written also lanciers.]

Lancet

Lan"cet (?), n. [F. lancette, dim. of lance lance. See Lance.]

1. A surgical instrument of various forms, commonly sharp-pointed and two-edged, used in venesection, and in opening abscesses, etc.

2. (Metal.) An iron bar used for tapping a melting furnace. Knight. Lancet arch (Arch.), a pointed arch, of which the width, or span, is narrow compared with the height. -- Lancet architecture, a name given to a style of architecture, in which lancet arches are common; -- peculiar to England and 13th century. -- Lancet fish. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large, voracious, deep-sea fish (Alepidosaurus ferox), having long, sharp, lancetlike teeth. (b) The doctor, or surgeon fish.

Lancewood

Lance"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) A tough, elastic wood, often used for the shafts of gigs, archery bows, fishing rods, and the like. Also, the tree which produces this wood, Duguetia Quitarensis (a native of Guiana and Cuba), and several other trees of the same family (Anonase\'91). Australian lancewood, a myrtaceous tree (Backhousia Australis).

Lanch

Lanch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lanched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lanching. See Lanching. See Launch, Lance.] To throw, as a lance; to let fly; to launch.
See Whose arm can lanch the surer bolt. Dryden & Lee.

Lanciferous

Lan*cif"er*ous (?), a [Lance + -ferous.] Bearing a lance.

Lanciform

Lan"ci*form (?), a [Lance + -form: cf. F. lanciforme.] Having the form of a lance.

Lanciname

Lan"ci*name (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lancinated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lancinating (?).] [L. lancinatus, p. p. of lancinare to fear.] To tear; to lacerate; to pierce or stab. De Quincey.

Lancinating

Lan"ci*na`ting, a. Piercing; seeming to pierce or stab; as, lancinating pains (i.e., severe, darting pains).

Lancination

Lan`ci*na"tion (?), n. A tearing; laceration. "Lancinations of the spirit." Jer. Taylor.

Land

Land (?), n. Urine. See Lant. [Obs.]

Land

Land, n. [AS. land, lond; akin to D., G., Icel., Sw., Dan., and Goth. land. ]

1. The solid part of the surface of the earth; -- opposed to water as constituting a part of such surface, especially to oceans and seas; as, to sight land after a long voyage.

They turn their heads to sea, their sterns to land. Dryden.

2. Any portion, large or small, of the surface of the earth, considered by itself, or as belonging to an individual or a people, as a country, estate, farm, or tract.

Go view the land, even Jericho. Josh. ii. 1.
Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey, Where wealth accumulates and men decay. Goldsmith.
<-- See also, Goldsmith: Where wealth and freedom reign contentment fails, And honor sinks where commerce long prevails. (THe captivity, an Oratorio. Act II line 91) --> &hand; In the expressions "to be, or dwell, upon land," "to go, or fare, on land," as used by Chaucer, land denotes the country as distinguished from the town.
A poor parson dwelling upon land [i.e., in the country]. Chaucer.

3. Ground, in respect to its nature or quality; soil; as, wet land; good or bad land.

4. The inhabitants of a nation or people.

These answers, in the silent night received, The kind himself divulged, the land believed. Dryden.

5. The mainland, in distinction from islands.

6. The ground or floor. [Obs.]

Herself upon the land she did prostrate. Spenser.

7. (Agric.) The ground left unplowed between furrows; any one of several portions into which a field is divided for convenience in plowing.

8. (Law) Any ground, soil, or earth whatsoever, as meadows, pastures, woods, etc., and everything annexed to it, whether by nature, as trees, water, etc., or by the hand of man, as buildings, fences, etc.; real estate. Kent. Bouvier. Burrill.

9. (Naut.) The lap of the strakes in a clinker-built boat; the lap of plates in an iron vessel; -- called also landing. Knight.

Land

Land (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Landed; p. pr. & vb. n. Landing.]

1. To set or put on shore from a ship or other water craft; to disembark; to debark.

I 'll undertake top land them on our coast. Shak.

2. To catch and bring to shore; to capture; as, to land a fish.

3. To set down after conveying; to cause to fall, alight, or reach; to bring to the end of a course; as, he landed the quoit near the stake; to be thrown from a horse and landed in the mud; to land one in difficulties or mistakes.

Land

Land, v. i. To go on shore from a ship or boat; to disembark; to come to the end of a course.

Landamman

Lan"dam*man (?), n. [G. Landamman; land land, country + amimann bailiff. See Land, and Ambassador.]

1. A chief magistrate in some of the Swiss cantons.

2. The president of the diet of the Helvetic republic.

Landau

Lan"dau (?), n. [From the town Ladau in Germany; cf. F. landau. See Land, Island.] A four-wheeled covered vehicle, the top of which is divided into two sections which can be let down, or thrown back, in such a manner as to make an open carriage. [Written also landaw.]

Landaulet

Lan`dau*let" (?), n. [Cf. F. landaulet, dim, of landau. See Landau.] A small landau.

Landed

Land"ed (?), a.

1. Having an estate in land.

The House of Commons must consist, for the most part, of landed men. Addison.

2. Consisting in real estate or land; as, landed property; landed security.

Lander

Land"er (?), n.

1. One who lands, or makes a landing. "The lander in a lonely isle." Tennyson.

2. (Mining) A person who waits at the mouth of the shaft to receive the kibble of ore.

Landfall

Land"fall (?), n.

1. A sudden transference of property in land by the death of its owner.

2. (Naut.) Sighting or making land when at sea. A good landfall (Naut.), the sighting of land in conformity with the navigator's reckoning and expectation.

Landflood

Land"flood` (?), n. An overflowing of land by river; an inundation; a freshet. Clarendon.

Landgrave

Land"grave` (?), n. [G. landgraf; land land + graf earl, count; cf. D. landgraaf, F. landgrave.] A German nobleman of a rank corresponding to that of an earl in England and of a count in France. &hand; The title was first adopted by some German counts in the twelfth century, to distinguish themselves from the inferior counts under their jurisdiction. Three of them were princes of the empire.

Landgraviate

Land*gra"vi*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. landgraviat.]

1. The territory held by a landgrave.

2. The office, jurisdiction, or authority of a landgrave.

Landgravine

Land"gra*vine (?), n. [G. landgr\'84fin; cf. D. landgravin.] The wife of a landgrave.

Landholder

Land"hold`er (?), n. A holder, owner, or proprietor of land. -- Land"hold`ing, n. & a.

Landing

Land"ing, a. Of, pertaining to or used for, setting, bringing, or going, on shore. Landing charges, charges or fees paid on goods unloaded from a vessel. -- Landing net, a small, bag-shaped net, used in fishing to take the fish from the water after being hooked. -- Landing stage, a floating platform attached at one end to a wharf in such a manner as to rise and fall with the tide, and thus facilitate passage between the wharf and a vessel lying beside the stage. -- Landing waiter, a customhouse officer who oversees the landing of goods, etc., from vessels; a landwaiter.

Landing

Land"ing, n.

1. A going or bringing on shore.

2. A place for landing, as from a ship, a carriage. etc.

3. (Arch.) The level part of a staircase, at the top of a flight of stairs, or connecting one flight with another. Landing place. me as Landing, n., 2 and 3.

Landlady

Land"la`dy (?), n.; pl. Landladies (#). [Cf. Landlord.]

1. A woman having real estate which she leases to a tenant or tenants.

2. The mistress of an inn or lodging house.


Page 828

Landleaper

Land"leap`er (?), n. See Landlouper.

Landless

Land"less (?), a. Having no property in land.

Landlock

Land"lock` (?), v. t. To inclose, or nearly inclose, as a harbor or a vessel, with land.

Landlocked

Land"locked` (?), a.

1. Inclosed, or nearly inclosed, by land.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Confined to a fresh-water lake by reason of waterfalls or dams; -- said of fishes that would naturally seek the sea, after spawning; as, the landlocked salmon.

Landloper

Land"lo`per (?), n. Same as Landlouper.

Landlord

Land"lord` (?), n. [See Land, and Lord.]

1. The lord of a manor, or of land; the owner of land or houses which he leases to a tenant or tenants.

2. The master of an inn or of a lodging house.

Upon our arrival at the inn, my companion fetched out the jolly landlord. Addison.

Landlordism

Land"lord`ism (?), n. The state of being a landlord; the characteristics of a landlord; specifically, in Great Britain, the relation of landlords to tenants, especially as regards leased agricultural lands. J. S. Mill.

Landlordry

Land"lord`ry (?), n. The state of a landlord. [Obs.]

Landlouper

Land"loup`er (?), n. [D. landlooper, lit., landrunner; land land + loopen to run. See Land, and Leap.] A vagabond; a vagrant. [Written also landleaper and landloper.] "Bands of landloupers." Moltey.

Landlouping

Land"loup`ing, a. Vagrant; wandering about.

Landlubber

Land"lub`ber (?), n. [Prop. fr. land + lubber, or possibly corrupted fr. laudlouper.] (Naut.) One who passes his life on land; -- so called among seamen in contempt or ridicule.

Landman

Land"man (?), n.; pl. Landmen (.

1. A man who lives or serves on land; -- opposed to seaman.

2. (Eng.) An occupier of land. Cowell.

Landmark

Land"mark` (?), n. [AS. landmearc. See Land, and Mark a sign.]

1. A mark to designate the boundary of land; any , mark or fixed object (as a marked tree, a stone, a ditch, or a heap of stones) by which the limits of a farm, a town, or other portion of territory may be known and preserved.

2. Any conspicuous object on land that serves as a guide; some prominent object, as a hill or steeple. Landmarks of history, important events by which eras or conditions are determined.

Landowner

Land"own`er (?), n. An owner of land.

Landowning

Land"own`ing, n. The owning of land. -- a. Having property in land; of or pertaining to landowners.

Land-poor

Land"-poor` (?), a. Pecuniarily embarrassed through owning much unprofitable land. [Colloq.]

Landreeve

Land"reeve` (?), n. [Land + reeve an officer.] A subordinate officer on an extensive estate, who acts as an assistant to the steward.

Landscape

Land"scape (?), n. [Formerly written also landskip.] [D. landschap; land land + -schap, equiv. to E. -schip; akin to G. landschaft, Sw. landskap, Dan. landskab. See Land, and -schip.]

1. A portion of land or territory which the eye can comprehend in a single view, including all the objects it contains.

2. A picture representing a scene by land or sea, actual or fancied, the chief subject being the general aspect of nature, as fields, hills, forests, water. etc.

3. The pictorial aspect of a country.

The landscape of his native country had taken hold on his heart. Macaulay.
Landscape gardening, The art of laying out grounds and arranging trees, shrubbery, etc., in such a manner as to produce a picturesque effect.

Landscapist

Land"scap`ist (?), n. A painter of landscapes.

Landskip

Land"skip (?), n. [See Landscape.] A landscape. [Obs. except in poetry.]
Straight my eye hath caught new pleasures, Whilst the landskip round it measures. Milton.

Landslip, Landslide

Land"slip` (?), Land"slide` (?), n.

1. The slipping down of a mass of land from a mountain, hill, etc.

2. The land which slips down.

Landsman

Lands"man (?), n.; pl. Landsmen (#).

1. One who lives on the land; -- opposed to seaman.

2. (Naut.) A sailor on his first voyage.

Landstreight

Land"streight` (?), n. [See Strait.] A narrow strip of land. [Obs.]

Landsturm

Land"sturm` (?), n. [G. See Land, and Storm.] That part of the reserve force in Germany which is called out last.

Landtag

Land"tag` (?), n. [G. See Land, and Day.] The diet or legislative body; as, the Landtag of Prussia.

Landwaiter

Land"wait`er (?), n. See Landing waiter, under Landing, a.

Landward

Land"ward (?), adv. & a. Toward the land.

Landwehr

Land"wehr` (?), n. [G., fr. land land, country + wehr defense.] That part of the army, in Germany and Austria, which has completed the usual military service and is exempt from duty in time of peace, except that it is called out occasionally for drill.

Lane

Lane (?), a. [See Lone.] Alone [Scot.] His lane, by himself; himself alone.

Lane

Lane (?), n. [OE. lane, lone, AS. lone, lone; akin to D. laan, OFries. lana, lona.] A passageway between fences or hedges which is not traveled as a highroad; an alley between buildings; a narrow way among trees, ras, a lane between lines of men, or through a field of ice.
It is become a turn-again lane unto them which they can not go through. Tyndale.

Lang

Lang (?), a. & adv. Long. [Obs. or Scot.]

Langaha

Lan"ga*ha (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A curious colubriform snake of the genus Xyphorhynchus, from Madagascar. It is brownish red, and its hose is prolonged in the form of a sharp blade.

Langarey

Lan`ga*rey" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of numerous species of long-winged, shrikelike birds of Australia and the East Indies, of the genus Artamus, and allied genera; called also wood swallow.

Langate

Lan"gate (?), n. (Surg.) A linen roller used in dressing wounds.

Langdak

Lang"dak` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A wolf (Canis pallipes), found in India, allied to the jackal.

Langrage, Langrel

Lan"grage (?), Lan"grel (?), n. A kind of shot formerly used at sea for tearing sails and rigging. It consisted of bolts, nails, and other pieces of iron fastened together or inclosed in a canister.

Langret

Lan"gret (?), n. A kind of loaded die. [Obs.]

Langridge

Lan"gridge (?), n. See Langrage. [Sometimes compounded with shot.]

Langsyne

Lang`syne" (?), adv. & n. [Scot. lang long + syne since.] Long since; long ago. [Scot.]

Langteraloo

Lang`ter*a*loo" (?), n. [See Loo.] An old game at cards. See Loo (a) Tatler.

Language

Lan"guage (?), n. [OE. langage, F. langage, fr. L. lingua the tongue, hence speech, language; akin to E. tongue. See Tongue, cf. Lingual.]

1. Any means of conveying or communicating ideas; specifically, human speech; the expression of ideas by the voice; sounds, expressive of thought, articulated by the organs of the throat and mouth. &hand; Language consists in the oral utterance of sounds which usage has made the representatives of ideas. When two or more persons customarily annex the same sounds to the same ideas, the expression of these sounds by one person communicates his ideas to another. This is the primary sense of language, the use of which is to communicate the thoughts of one person to another through the organs of hearing. Articulate sounds are represented to the eye by letters, marks, or characters, which form words.

2. The expression of ideas by writing, or any other instrumentality.

3. The forms of speech, or the methods of expressing ideas, peculiar to a particular nation.

4. The characteristic mode of arranging words, peculiar to an individual speaker or writer; manner of expression; style.

Others for language all their care express. Pope.

5. The inarticulate sounds by which animals inferior to man express their feelings or their wants.

6. The suggestion, by objects, actions, or conditions, of ideas associated therewith; as, the language of flowers.

There was . . . language in their very gesture. Shak.

7. The vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical language; the language of chemistry or theology.

8. A race, as distinguished by its speech. [R.]

All the people, the nations, and the languages, fell down and worshiped the golden image. Dan. iii. 7.
Language master, a teacher of languages.[Obs.] Syn. -- Speech; tongue; idiom; dialect; phraseology; diction; discourse; conversation; talk. -- Language, Speech, Tongue, Idiom, Dialect. Language is generic, denoting, in its most extended use, any mode of conveying ideas; speech is the language of articulate sounds; tongue is the Anglo-Saxon tern for language, esp. for spoken language; as, the English tongue. Idiom denotes the forms of construction peculiar to a particular language; dialects are varieties if expression which spring up in different parts of a country among people speaking substantially the same language.

Language

Lan"guage, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Languaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Languaging (?).] To communicate by language; to express in language.
Others were languaged in such doubtful expressions that they have a double sense. Fuller.

Languaged

Lan"guaged (?), a. Having a language; skilled in language; -- chiefly used in composition. " Manylanguaged nations." Pope.

Languageless

Lan"guage*less (?), a. Lacking or wanting language; speechless; silent. Shak.

Langued

Langued (?), a. [F. langue tongue. See Language.] (Her.) Tongued; having the tongue visible.
Lions . . . represented as armed and langued gules. Cussans.

Langue d'oc

Langue` d'oc" (?). [F., language of oc yes.] The dialect, closely akin to French, formerly spoken south of the Loire (in which the word for "yes" was oc); Provencal.

Langue d'o\'8bl

Langue` d'o\'8bl" (?). [F., language of o\'8bl yes.] The dialect formerly spoken north of the Loire (in which the word for "yes" was o\'8bl, F. oui).

Languente

Lan*guen"te (?), adv. [It., p. pr. of languire. See Languish.] (Mus.) In a languishing manner; pathetically.

Languet

Lan"guet, n. [F. languette, dim. of langue tongue, L. lingua.]

1. Anything resembling the tongue in form or office; specif., the slip of metal in an organ pipe which turns the current of air toward its mouth.

2. That part of the hilt, in certain kinds of swords, which overlaps the scabbard.

Languid

Lan"guid (?), a. [L. languidus, fr. languere to be faint or languid: cf. F. languide. See Languish.]

1. Drooping or flagging from exhaustion; indisposed to exertion; without animation; weak; weary; heavy; dull. " Languid, powerless limbs. " Armstrong.

Fire their languid souls with Cato's virtue. Addison.

2. Slow in progress; tardy. " No motion so swift or languid." Bentley.

3. Promoting or indicating weakness or heaviness; as, a languid day.

Feebly she laugheth in the languid moon. Keats.
Their idleness, aimless and languid airs. W. Black.
Syn. -- Feeble; weak; faint; sickly; pining; exhausted; weary; listless; heavy; dull; heartless. -- Lan"guid*ly, adv. -- Lan"guid*ness, n.

Languish

Lan"guish (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Languished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Languishing.] [OE. languishen, languissen, F. languir, L. languere; cf. Gr. lakra to lag behind; prob. akin to E. lag, lax, and perh. to E. slack.See -ish.]

1. To become languid or weak; to lose strength or animation; to be or become dull, feeble or spiritless; to pine away; to wither or fade.

We . . . do languish of such diseases. 2 Esdras viii. 31.
Cease, fond nature, cease thy strife, And let me landguish into life. Pope.
For the fields of Heshbon languish. Is. xvi. 8.

2. To assume an expression of weariness or tender grief, appealing for sympathy. Tennyson. Syn. -- To pine; wither; fade; droop; faint.

Languish

Lan"guish (?), v. i. To cause to dr [Obs.] Shak. Dryden.

Languish

Lan"guish, n. See Languishiment. [Obs. or Poetic]
What, of death, too, That rids our dogs of languish ? Shak.
And the blue languish of soft Allia's eye. Pope.

Languisher

Lan"guish*er (?), n. One who languishes.

Languishing

Lan"guish*ing, a.

1. Becoming languid and weak; pining; losing health and strength.

2. Amorously pensive; as, languishing eyes, or look.

Languishingly

Lan"guish*ing*ly, adv. In a languishing manner.

Languishment

Lan"guish*ment (?), n.

1. The state of languishing. " Lingering languishment." Shak.

2. Tenderness of look or mien; amorous pensiveness.

Languishness

Lan"guish*ness, n. Languishment. [Obs.]

Languor

Lan"guor (?), n. [OE. langour, OF. langour, F. langueur, L. languor. See Languish.]

1. A state of the body or mind which is caused by exhaustion of strength and characterized by a languid feeling; feebleness; lassitude; laxity.

2. Any enfeebling disease. [Obs.]

Sick men with divers languors. Wyclif (Luke iv. 40).

3. Listless indolence; dreaminess. Pope. " German dreams, Italian languors." The Century. Syn. -- Feebleness; weakness; faintness; weariness; dullness; heaviness; lassitude; listlessness.

Languorous

Lan"guor*ous (?), a. [From Languor: cf. F. langoureux.] Producing, or tending to produce, languor; characterized by languor. [Obs. or Poetic]
Whom late I left in languorous constraint. Spenser.
To wile the length from languorous hours, and draw The sting from pain. Tennyson.

Langure

Lan"gure (?), v. i. To languish. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Langya

Lan"gya (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) [Native name Anglicized.] One of several species of East Indian and Asiatic fresh-water fishes of the genus Ophiocephalus, remarkable for their power of living out of water, and for their tenacity of life; -- called also walking fishes.

Laniard

Lan"iard (?), n. See Lanyard.

Laniariform

La`ni*ar"i*form (?), a. [Laniary + -form.] (Anat.) Shaped like a laniary, or canine, tooth. Owen.

Laniary

La"ni*a*ry (?), a. [L. laniarius, fr. lanius butcher, laniare to tear in pieces: cf. F. laniaire.] (Anat.) Lacerating or tearing; as, the laniary canine teeth.

Laniary

La"ni*a*ry, n. [L. Laniary, a.]

1. The shambles; a place of slaughter. [R.]

2. (Anat.) A laniary, or canine, tooth.

Laniate

La"ni*ate (?), v. t. [L. laniatus, p. p. of laniare.] To tear in pieces. [R.]

Laniation

La`ni*a"tion (?), n. [L. laniatio.] A tearing in pieces. [R.]

Lanier

Lan"ier (?), n. [F. lani\'8are. See Lanyard.] [Written also lanner, lanyer.]

1. A thong of leather; a whip lash. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

2. A strap used to fasten together parts of armor, to hold the shield by, and the like. Fairholt.

Laniferous

La*nif"er*ous (?), n. [L. lanifer; lana wool + ferre to bear: cf. F. lanif\'8are.] Bearing or producing wool.

Lanifical

La*nif"i*cal (?), a. [L. lanificus; lana wool + facere to make.] Working in wool.

Lanifice

Lan"i*fice (?), n. [L. lanificium: cf. OF. lanifice.] Anything made of wool. [Obs.] Bacon.

Lanigerous

La*nig"er*ous (?), a. [L. laniger; lano wool + gerere to hear.] Bearing or producing wool.

Lanioid

La"ni*oid (?), a. [NL. Lanius (fr. L. lanius a butcher), the typical genus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the shrikes (family Laniid\'91).

Lank

Lank (?), a. [Compar. Lanker (?); superl. Lankest.] [AS. hlanc; cf. G. lenken to turn, gelenk joint, OHG. hlanca hip, side, flank, and E. link of a chain.]

1. Slender and thin; not well filled out; not plump; shrunken; lean.

Meager and lank with fasting grown. Swift.
Who would not choose . . . to have rather a lank purse than an empty brain? Barrow.

2. Languid; drooping.[Obs.]

Who, piteous of her woes, reared her lank head. Milton.
Lank hair, long, thin hair. Macaulay.

Lank

Lank, v. i. & t. To become lank; to make lank. [Obs.] Shak. G. Fletcher.

Lankiness

Lank"i*ness (?), n. The condition or quality or being lanky.

Lankly

Lank"ly, adv. In a lank manner.

Lankness

Lank"ness, n. The state or quality of being lank.

Lanky

Lank"y, a. Somewhat lank. Thackeray.
The lanky Dinka, nearly seven feet in height. The Century.

Lanner, n. f. Lanneret

Lan"ner (?), n. f. Lan"ner*et (?), n. m. [F. lanier, OF. also, lasnier. Cf. Lanyard.] (Zo\'94l.) A long-tailed falcon (Falco lanarius), of Southern Europe, Asia, and Northern Africa, resembling the American prairie falcon.

Lanolin

Lan"o*lin (?), n. [L. lana wool + oleum oil.] (Physiol. Chem.) A peculiar fatlike body, made up of cholesterin and certain fatty acids, found in feathers, hair, wool, and keratin tissues generally. &hand; Under the same name, it is prepared from wool for commercial purposes, and forms an admirable basis for ointments, being readily absorbed by the skin.
Page 829

Lanseh

Lan"seh (?), n. The small, whitish brown fruit of an East Indian tree (Lansium domesticum). It has a fleshy pulp, with an agreeable subacid taste. Balfour.

Lansquenet

Lans"que*net (?), n. [F., fr. G. landsknecht a foot soldier, also a game of cards introduced by these foot soldiers; land country + knecht boy, servant. See Land, and Knight.]

1. A German foot soldier in foreign service in the 15th and 16th centuries; a soldier of fortune; -- a term used in France and Western Europe.

2. A game at cards, vulgarly called lambskinnet.

[They play] their little game of lansquenet. Longfellow.

Lant

Lant (?), n. Urine. [Prov. Eng.] Nares.

Lant

Lant, n. [Cf. Lance.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small, slender, marine fishes of the genus Ammedytes. The common European species (A. tobianus) and the American species (A. Americanus) live on sandy shores, buried in the sand, and are caught in large quantities for bait. Called also launce, and sand eel.

Lant

Lant, n. See Lanterloo. [Obs.] Halliwell.

Lantanium, Lantanum

Lan*ta"ni*um (?), Lan"ta*num (?), n. (Chem.) See Lanthanum.

Lantanuric

Lan`ta*nu"ric (?), a. [Formed by transposition of the letters of allantoin and -uric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous organic acid of the uric acid group, obtained by the decomposition of allantoin, and usually called allanturic acid.

Lanterloo

Lan"ter*loo` (?), n. An old name of loo (a).

Lantern

Lan"tern (?), n. [F. lanterne, L. lanterna, laterna, from Gr. Lamp.]

1. Something inclosing a light, and protecting it from wind, rain, etc. ; -- sometimes portable, as a closed vessel or case of horn, perforated tin, glass, oiled paper, or other material, having a lamp or candle within; sometimes fixed, as the glazed inclosure of a street light, or of a lighthouse light.

2. (Arch.) (a) An open structure of light material set upon a roof, to give light and air to the interior. (b) A cage or open chamber of rich architecture, open below into the building or tower which it crowns. (c) A smaller and secondary cupola crowning a larger one, for ornament, or to admit light; such as the lantern of the cupola of the Capitol at Washington, or that of the Florence cathedral.

3. (Mach.) A lantern pinion or trundle wheel. See Lantern pinion (below).

4. (Steam Engine) A kind of cage inserted in a stuffing box and surrounding a piston rod, to separate the packing into two parts and form a chamber between for the reception of steam, etc. ; -- called also lantern brass.

5. (Founding) A perforated barrel to form a core upon.

6. (Zo\'94l.) See Aristotle's lantern. &hand; Fig. 1 represents a hand lantern; fig. 2, an arm lantern; fig. 3, a breast lantern; -- so named from the positions in which they are carried. Dark lantern, a lantern with a single opening, which may be closed so as to conceal the light; -- called also bull's-eye. -- Lantern fly, Lantern carrier (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large, handsome, hemipterous insects of the genera Laternaria, Fulgora, and allies, of the family Fulgorid\'91. The largest species is Laternaria phosphorea of Brazil. The head of some species has been supposed to be phosphorescent. -- Lantern jaws, long, thin jaws; hence, a thin visage. -- Lantern pinion, Lantern wheel (Mach.), a kind of pinion or wheel having cylindrical bars or trundles, instead of teeth, inserted at their ends in two parallel disks or plates; -- so called as resembling a lantern in shape; -- called also wallower, or trundle. -- Lantern shell (Zo\'94l.), any translucent, marine, bivalve shell of the genus Anatina, and allied genera. -- Magic lantern, an optical instrument consisting of a case inclosing a light, and having suitable lenses in a lateral tube, for throwing upon a screen, in a darkened room or the like, greatly magnified pictures from slides placed in the focus of the outer lens.

Lantern

Lan"tern, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lanterned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lanterning.] [Cf. F. lanterner to hang at the lamp post, fr. lanterne. See Lantern.] To furnish with a lantern; as, to lantern a lighthouse.

Lantern-jawed

Lan"tern-jawed` (?), a. Having lantern jaws or long, thin jaws; as, a lantern-jawed person.

Lanthanite

Lan"tha*nite (?), n. (Min.) Hydrous carbonate of lanthanum, found in tabular while crystals.

Lanthanum

Lan"tha*num (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Chem.) A rare element of the group of the earth metals, allied to aluminium. It occurs in certain rare minerals, as cerite, gadolinite, orthite, etc., and was so named from the difficulty of separating it from cerium, didymium, and other rare elements with which it is usually associated. Atomic weight 138.5. Symbol La. [Formerly written also lanthanium.]

Lanthopine

Lan"tho*pine (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) An alkaloid found in opium in small quantities, and extracted as a white crystalline substance.

Lanthorn

Lan"thorn (?), n. See Lantern. [Obs.]

Lanuginose, Lanuginous

La*nu"gi*nose` (?), La*nu"gi*nous (?), a. [L. lanuginosus, fr. lanugo, -ginis, woolly substance, down, fr. lana wool: cf. F. lanugineux.] Covered with down, or fine soft hair; downy.

Lanugo

La*nu"go (?), n. [See Lanuginose.] (Anat.) The soft woolly hair which covers most parts of the mammal fetus, and in man is shed before or soon after birth.

Lanyard

Lan"yard (?), n. [F.lani\'8are thong, strap, OF. lasniere, fr. lasne strap, thong, L. lacinia lappet. flap, edge of a garment. Cf. Lanier.] [Written also laniard.]

1. (Naut.) A short piece of rope or line for fastening something in ships; as, the lanyards of the gun ports, of the buoy, and the like; esp., pieces passing through the dead-eyes, and used to extend shrouds, stays, etc.

2. (Mil.) A strong cord, about twelve feet long, with an iron hook at one end a handle at the other, used in firing cannon with a friction tube.

Lanyer

Lan"yer (?), n. See Lanier.

Laoco\'94n

La*oc"o*\'94n (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Class. Myth.) A priest of Apollo, during the Trojan war. (See 2.)

2. (Sculp.) A marble group in the Vatican at Rome, representing the priest Laoco\'94n, with his sons, infolded in the coils of two serpents, as described by Virgil.

Laodicean

La*od`i*ce"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Laodicea, a city in Phrygia Major; like the Christians of Laodicea; lukewarm in religion. Rev. iii. 14-16.

Lap

Lap (?), n. [OE. lappe, AS. l\'91ppa; akin to D. lap patch, piece, G. lappen, OHG. lappa, Dan. lap, Sw. lapp.]

1. The loose part of a coat; the lower part of a garment that plays loosely; a skirt; an apron. Chaucer.

2. An edge; a border; a hem, as of cloth. Chaucer.

If he cuts off but a lap of truth's garment, his heart smites him. Fuller.

3. The part of the clothing that lies on the knees or thighs when one sits down; that part of the person thus covered; figuratively, a place of rearing and fostering; as, to be reared in the lap of luxury.

Men expect that happiness should drop into their laps. Tillotson.

4. That part of any substance or fixture which extends over, or lies upon, or by the side of, a part of another; as, the lap of a board; also, the measure of such extension over or upon another thing. &hand; The lap of shingles or slates in roofing is the distance one course extends over the second course below, the distance over the course immediately below being called the cover.

5. (Steam Engine) The amount by which a slide valve at its half stroke overlaps a port in the seat, being equal to the distance the valve must move from its mid stroke position in order to begin to open the port. Used alone, lap refers to outside lap. See Outside lap (below).

6. The state or condition of being in part extended over or by the side of something else; or the extent of the overlapping; as, the second boat got a lap of half its length on the leader.

7. One circuit around a race track, esp. when the distance is a small fraction of a mile; as, to run twenty laps; to win by three laps. See Lap, to fold, 2.

8. In card playing and other games, the points won in excess of the number necessary to complete a game; -- so called when they are counted in the score of the following game.

9. (Cotton Manuf.) A sheet, layer, or bat, of cotton fiber prepared for the carding machine.

10. (Mach.) A piece of brass, lead, or other soft metal, used to hold a cutting or polishing powder in cutting glass, gems, and the like, or in polishing cutlery, etc. It is usually in the form of wheel or disk, which revolves on a vertical axis. Lap joint, a joint made by one layer, part, or piece, overlapping another, as in the scarfing of timbers. -- Lap weld, a lap joint made by welding together overlapping edges or ends. -- Inside lap (Steam Engine), lap of the valve with respect to the exhaust port. -- Outside lap, lap with respect to the admission, or steam, port.

Lap

Lap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lapped (; p. pr. & vb. n. Lapping.]

1. To rest or recline in a lap, or as in a lap.

To lap his head on lady's breast. Praed.

2. To cut or polish with a lap, as glass, gems, cutlery, etc. See 1st Lap, 10.

Lap

Lap, v. t. [OE. lappen to fold (see Lap, n.); cf. also OE. wlappen, perh. another form of wrappen, E, wrap.]

1. To fold; to bend and lay over or on something; as, to lap a piece of cloth.

2. To wrap or wind around something.

About the paper . . . I lapped several times a slender thread of very black silk. Sir I. Newton.

3. To infold; to hold as in one's lap; to cherish.

Her garment spreads, and laps him in the folds. Dryden.

4. To lay or place over anything so as to partly or wholly cover it; as, to lap one shingle over another; to lay together one partly over another; as, to lap weather-boards; also, to be partly over, or by the side of (something); as, the hinder boat lapped the foremost one.

5. (Carding & Spinning) To lay together one over another, as fleeces or slivers for further working. To lap boards, shingles, etc., to lay one partly over another. -- To lap timbers, to unite them in such a way as to preserve the same breadth and depth throughout, as by scarfing. Weale.

Lap

Lap, v. i. To be turned or folded; to lie partly upon or by the side of something, or of one another; as, the cloth laps back; the boats lap; the edges lap.
The upper wings are opacous; at their hinder ends, where they lap over, transparent, like the wing of a flay. Grew.

Lap

Lap (?), v. i. [OE. lappen, lapen, AS. lapian; akin to LG. lappen, OHG. laffan, Icel. lepja, Dan. lade, Sw. l\'84ppja, L. lambere; cf. Gr. llepio. Cf. Lambent.]

1. To take up drink or food with the tongue; to drink or feed by licking up something.

The dogs by the River Nilus's side, being thirsty, lap hastily as they run along the shore. Sir K. Digby.

2. To make a sound like that produced by taking up drink with the tongue.

I heard the ripple washing in the reeds, And the wild water lapping on the crag. Tennyson.

Lap

Lap, v. t. To take into the mouth with the tongue; to lick up with a quick motion of the tongue.
They 'II take suggestion as a cat laps milk. Shak.

Lap

Lap, n.

1. The act of lapping with, or as with, the tongue; as, to take anything into the mouth with a lap.

2. The sound of lapping.

Laparocele

Lap"a*ro*cele` (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) A rupture or hernia in the lumbar regions.

Laparotomy

Lap`a*rot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) A cutting through the walls of the abdomen, as in the C\'91sarean section.

Lapboard

Lap"board` (?), n. A board used on the lap as a substitute for a table, as by tailors.

Lapdog

Lap"dog` (?), n. A small dog fondled in the lap.

Lapel

La*pel" (?), n. [Dim. of lap a fold.] That part of a garment which is turned back; specifically, the lap, or fold, of the front of a coat in continuation of collar. [Written also lappel and lapelle.]

Lapelled

La*pelled" (?), a. Furnished with lapels.

Lapful

Lap"ful (?), n.; pl. Lapfuls (. As much as the lap can contain.

Lapicide

Lap"i*cide (?), n. [L. lapicida, fr. lapis stone + caedere to cut.] A stonecutter. [Obs.]

Lapidarian

Lap`i*da"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to stone; inscribed on stone; as, a lapidarian record.

Lapidarious

Lap`i*da"ri*ous (?), a. [L. lapidarius, fr. lapis, -idis, stone.] Consisting of stones.

Lapidary

Lap"i*da*ry (?), n. ; pl. Lapidaries (#). [L. lapidarius, fr. lapidarius pertaining to stone: cf. F. lapidaire.]

1. An artificer who cuts, polishes, and engraves precious stones; hence, a dealer in precious stones.

2. A virtuoso skilled in gems or precious stones; a connoisseur of lapidary work. Lapidary's lathe, mill, or wheel, a machine consisting essentially of a revolving lap on a vertical spindle, used by a lapidary for grinding and polishing.

Lapidary

Lap"i*da*ry, a. [L. lapidarius pertaining to stone: cf. F. lapidaire.]

1. Of or pertaining to the art of cutting stones, or engraving on stones, either gems or monuments; as, lapidary ornamentation.

2. Of or pertaining to monumental inscriptions; as, lapidary adulation. Lapidary style, that style which is proper for monumental and other inscriptions; terse; sententious.

Lapidate

Lap"i*date (?), v. t. [L.lapidatus, p. p. of lapidare, fr. lapis stone.] To stone. [Obs.]

Lapidation

Lap`i*da"tion (?), n. [L. lapidatio: cf. F. lapidation.] The act of stoning. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Lapideous

La*pid"e*ous (?), a. [L. lapideus, fr. lapis stone.] Of the nature of stone; [Obs.] Ray.

Lapidescence

Lap`i*des"cence (?), n.

1. The state or quality of being lapidescent.

2. A hardening into a stone substance.

3. A stony concretion. Sir T. Browne.

Lapidescent

Lap`i*des"cent (?), a. [L. lapidescens, p. pr. of lapidescere to become stone, fr. lapis, -idis, stone: cf. F. lapidescent.] Undergoing the process of becoming stone; having the capacity of being converted into stone; having the quality of petrifying bodies.

Lapidescent

Lap"i*des"cent, n. Any substance which has the quality of petrifying other bodies, or of converting or being converted into stone.

Lapidific, Lapidifical

Lap`i*dif"ic (?), Lap`i*dif"ic*al (?), a. [L. lapis, -idis, stone + facere to make: cf. F. lapidifique.] Forming or converting into stone.

Lapidification

La*pid`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. lapidification.] The act or process of lapidifying; fossilization; petrifaction.

Lapidify

La*pid"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lapidified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lapidifying (?).] [Cf. f. lapidifier. See Lapidific, and -fy.] To convert into stone or stony material; to petrify.

Lapidify

La*pid"i*fy, v. i. To become stone or stony

Lapidist

Lap"i*dist (?), n. [L. lapis, -idis, a stone.] A lapidary. Ray.

Lapillation

Lap"il*la"tion (?), n.[See Lapilli.] The state of being, or the act of making, stony.

Lapilli

La*pil"li (?), n. pl. [L. lapillus a little stone, dim. of lapis stone.] (Min.) Volcanic ashes, consisting of small, angular, stony fragments or particles.

Lapis

La"pis (?), n.; pl. Lapides (#). [L.] A stone. Lapis calaminaris (. [NL.] (Min.) Calamine. -- Lapis infernalis (. [L.] Fused nitrate of silver; lunar caustic.

Lapis lazuli

La"pis laz"u*li (?). (Min.) An albuminous mineral of a rich blue color. Same as Lazuli, which see.<-- lapis, for short -->

Lap-jointed

Lap"-joint`ed (?), a.Having a lap joint, or lap joints, as many kinds of woodwork and metal work.

Laplander

Lap"land*er (?), n. A native or inhabitant of Lapland; -- called also Lapp.

Laplandish

Lap"land*ish, a. Of or pertaining to Lapland.

Lapling

Lap"ling (?), n. [Lap of a garment + ling.] One who has been fondled to excess; one fond of ease and sensual delights; -- a term of contempt.

Lapp

Lapp (?), n. Same as Laplander. Cf. Lapps.
Page 830

Lappaceous

Lap*pa"ceous (?), a. [L. lappaceus burlike, fr. lappa a bur.] (Bot.) Resembling the capitulum of burdock; covered with forked points.

Lapper

Lap"per (?), n. [From Lap to drink.] One who takes up food or liquid with his tongue.

Lappet

Lap"pet (?), n. [Dim. of lap a fold.] A small decorative fold or flap, esp, of lace or muslin, in a garment or headdress. Swift. Lappet moth (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of bombycid moths, which have stout, hairy caterpillars, flat beneath. Two common American species (Gastropacha Americana, and Tolype velleda) feed upon the apple tree.

Lappet

Lap"pet, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lappeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Lappeting.] To decorate with, or as with, a lappet. [R.] Landor.

Lappic

Lap"pic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Lapland, or the Lapps. -- n. The language of the Lapps. See Lappish.

Lapping

Lap"ping (?), n. A kind of machine blanket or wrapping material used by calico printers. Ure. Lapping engine, Lapping machine (Textile Manuf.), A machine for forming fiber info a lap. See its Lap, 9.

Lappish

Lap"pish (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Lapps; Laplandish. -- n. The language spoken by the Lapps in Lapland. It is related to the Finnish and Hungarian, and is not an Aryan language.

Lapponian, Lapponic

Lap*po"ni*an (?), Lap*pon"ic (?), a. Laplandish; Lappish.

Lapps

Lapps (?), n. pl.; sing. Lapp (. (Ethnol.) A branch of the Mongolian race, now living in the northern parts of Norway, Sweden, and the adjacent parts of Russia.

Lapsable

Laps"a*ble (?), a. Lapsible. Cudworth.

Lapse

Lapse (?), n. [L. lapsus, fr. labi, p. p. lapsus, to slide, to fall: cf. F. laps. See Sleep.]

1. A gliding, slipping, or gradual falling; an unobserved or imperceptible progress or passing away,; -- restricted usually to immaterial things, or to figurative uses.

The lapse to indolence is soft and imperceptible. Rambler.
Bacon was content to wait the lapse of long centuries for his expected revenue of fame. I. Taylor.

2. A slip; an error; a fault; a failing in duty; a slight deviation from truth or rectitude.

To guard against those lapses and failings to which our infirmities daily expose us. Rogers.

3. (Law) The termination of a right or privilege through neglect to exercise it within the limited time, or through failure of some contingency; hence, the devolution of a right or privilege.

4. (Theol.) A fall or apostasy.

Lapse

Lapse, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lapsed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Lapsing.]

1. To pass slowly and smoothly downward, backward, or away; to slip downward, backward, or away; to glide; -- mostly restricted to figurative uses.

A tendency to lapse into the barbarity of those northern nations from whom we are descended. Swift.
Homer, in his characters of Vulcan and Thersites, has lapsed into the burlesque character. Addison.

2. To slide or slip in moral conduct; to fail in duty; to fall from virtue; to deviate from rectitude; to commit a fault by inadvertence or mistake.

To lapse in fullness Is sorer than to lie for need. Shak.

3. (Law) (a) To fall or pass from one proprietor to another, or from the original destination, by the omission, negligence, or failure of some one, as a patron, a legatee, etc. (b) To become ineffectual or void; to fall.

If the archbishop shall not fill it up within six months ensuing, it lapses to the king. Ayliffe.

Lapse

Lapse, v. t.

1. To let slip; to permit to devolve on another; to allow to pass.

An appeal may be deserted by the appellant's lapsing the term of law. Ayliffe.

2. To surprise in a fault or error; hence, to surprise or catch, as an offender. [Obs.]

For which, if be lapsed in this place, I shall pay dear. Shak.

Lapsed

Lapsed (?), a.

1. Having slipped downward, backward, or away; having lost position, privilege, etc., by neglect; -- restricted to figurative uses.

Once more I will renew His lapsed powers, though forfeit. Milton.

2. Ineffectual, void, or forfeited; as, a lapsed policy of insurance; a lapsed legacy. Lapsed devise, Lapsed legacy (Law), a devise, or legacy, which fails to take effect in consequence of the death of the devisee, or legatee, before that of the testator, or for ether cause. Wharton (Law Dict.).

Lapsible

Laps"i*ble (?), a. Liable to lapse.

Lapsided

Lap"sid`ed (?), a. See Lopsided.

Lapstone

Lap"stone` (?), n. A stone for the lap, on which shoemakers beat leather.

Lapstreak, Lapstrake

Lap"streak` (?), Lap"strake` (?), a. Made with boards whose edges lap one over another; clinker-built; -- said of boats.

Laputan

La*pu"tan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Laputa, an imaginary flying island described in Gulliver's Travels as the home of chimerical philosophers. Hence, fanciful; preposterous; absurd in science or philosophy. "Laputan ideas." G. Eliot.

Lap-welded

Lap"-weld`ed (?), a Having edges or ends united by a lap weld; as, a lap-welded pipe.

Lapwing

Lap"wing` (?), n. [OE.lapwynke, leepwynke, AS. hle\'a0pewince; hle\'a0pan to leap, jump + (prob.) a word akin to AS. wincian to wink, E. wink, AS. wancol wavering; cf. G. wanken to stagger, waver. See Leap, and Wink.] (Zo\'94l.) A small European bird of the Plover family (Vanellus cristatus, or V. vanellus). It has long and broad wings, and is noted for its rapid, irregular fight, upwards, downwards, and in circles. Its back is coppery or greenish bronze. Its eggs are the "plover's eggs" of the London market, esteemed a delicacy. It is called also peewit, dastard plover, and wype. The gray lapwing is the Squatarola cinerea.

Lapwork

Lap"work` (?), n. Work in which one part laps over another. Grew.

Laguay

Lag"uay (?), n. A lackey. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Laquear

La"que*ar (?), n.; pl. Laquearia (#). [L.] (Arch.) A lacunar.

Laqueary

Laq"ue*a*ry (?), a. [L. laqueus a noose.] Using a noose, as a gladiator. [Obs. or R.]
Retiary and laqueary combatants. Sir T. Browne.

Lar

Lar (?), n.; pl. Lares (#), sometimes Lars (#). [L.] (Rom. Myth.) A tutelary deity; a deceased ancestor regarded as a protector of the family. The domestic Lares were the tutelar deities of a house; household gods. Hence, Eng.: Hearth or dwelling house.
Nor will she her dear Lar forget, Victorious by his benefit. Lovelace.
The Lars and Lemures moan with midnight plaint. Milton.
Looking backward in vain toward their Lares and lands. Longfellow.

Lar

Lar (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of gibbon (Hylobates lar), found in Burmah. Called also white-handed gibbon.

Laramie group

Lar"a*mie group` (?). (Geol.) An extensive series of strata, principally developed in the Rocky Mountain region, as in the Laramie Mountains, and formerly supposed to be of the Tertiary age, but now generally regarded as Cretaceous, or of intermediate and transitional character. It contains beds of lignite, often valuable for coal, and is hence also called the lignitic group. See Chart of Geology.

Larboard

Lar"board` (?), n. [Lar- is of uncertain origin, possibly the same as lower, i. e., humbler in rank, because the starboard side is considered by mariners as higher in rank; cf. D. laag low, akin to E. low. See Board, n., 8.] (Naut.) The left-hand side of a ship to one on board facing toward the bow; port; -- opposed to starboard. &hand; Larboard is a nearly obsolete term, having been superseded by port to avoid liability of confusion with starboard, owing to similarity of sound.

Larboard

Lar"board`, a. On or pertaining to the left-hand side of a vessel; port; as, the larboard quarter.

Larcener, Larcenist

Lar"ce*ner (?), Lar"ce*nist (?), n. One who commits larceny.

Larcenous

Lar"ce*nous (?), a. [Cf. OE. larrecinos. See Larceny.] Having the character of larceny; as, a larcenous act; committing larceny. "The larcenous and burglarious world." Sydney Smith. -- Lar"ce*nous*ly, adv.

Larceny

Lar"ce*ny (?), n.; pl. Larcenies (#). [F. larcin, OE. larrecin, L. latrocinium, fr. latro robber, mercenary, hired servant; cf. Gr. (Latrociny.] (Law) The unlawful taking and carrying away of things personal with intent to deprive the right owner of the same; theft. Cf. Embezzlement. Grand larceny ∧ Petit larceny are distinctions having reference to the nature or value of the property stolen. They are abolished in England. -- Mixed, ∨ Compound, larceny, that which, under statute, includes in it the aggravation of a taking from a building or the person. -- Simple larceny, that which is not accompanied with any aggravating circumstances.

Larch

Larch (?), n. [Cf. OE. larege (Cotgrave), It.larice, Sp. larice, alerce, G. l\'84rche; all fr. L. larix, -icis, Gr. ( (Bot.) A genus of coniferous trees, having deciduous leaves, in fascicles (see Illust. of Fascicle). The European larch is Larix Europ\'91a. The American or black larch is L. Americana, the hackmatack or tamarack. The trees are generally of a drooping, graceful appearance.

Larchen

Larch"en (?), a. Of or pertaining to the larch. Keats.

Lard

Lard (?), n. [F., bacon, pig's fat, L. lardum, laridum; cf. Gr. (

1. Bacon; the flesh of swine. [Obs.] Dryden.

2. The fat of swine, esp. the internal fat of the abdomen; also, this fat melted and strained. Lard oil, an illuminating and lubricating oil expressed from lard. -- Leaf lard, the internal fat of the hog, separated in leaves or masses from the kidneys, etc.; also, the same melted.

Lard

Lard, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Larded; p. pr. & vb. n. Larding.] [F. larder. See Lard, n.]

1. To stuff with bacon; to dress or enrich with lard; esp., to insert lardons of bacon or pork in the surface of, before roasting; as, to lard poultry.

And larded thighs on loaded altars laid. Dryden.

2. To fatten; to enrich.

[The oak] with his nuts larded many a swine. Spenser.
Falstaff sweats to death. And lards the lean earth as he walks along. Shak.

3. To smear with lard or fat.

In his buff doublet larded o'er with fat Of slaughtered brutes. Somerville.

4. To mix or garnish with something, as by way of improvement; to interlard. Shak.

Let no alien Sedley interpose To lard with wit thy hungry Epsom prose. Dryden.

Lard

Lard (?), v. i. To grow fat. [Obs.]

Lardacein

Lar`da*ce"in (?), n. [See Lardaceous.] (Physiol. Chem.) A peculiar amyloid substance, colored blue by iodine and sulphuric acid, occurring mainly as an abnormal infiltration into the spleen, liver, etc.

Lardaceous

Lar*da"ceous (?), a. [Cf. F. lardac\'82.] Consisting of, or resembling, lard. Lardaceous degeneration (Med.), amyloid degeneration.

Larder

Lard"er (?), n. [OF. lardier. See Lard, n.] A room or place where meat and other articles of food are kept before they are cooked. Shak.

Larderer

Lard"er*er (?), n. One in charge of the larder.

Lardery

Lard"er*y, n. [Cf. OE. larderie.] A larder. [Obs.]

Lardon, Lardoon

Lar"don (?), Lar*doon" (?), n. [F. lardon, fr. lard lard.] A bit of fat pork or bacon used in larding.

Lardry

Lard"ry (?), n. [See Lardery.] A larder. [Obs.]

Lardy

Lard"y (?), a. Containing, or resembling, lard; of the character or consistency of lard.

Lare

Lare (?), n. [See Lore.] Lore; learning. [Obs.]

Lare

Lare, n. Pasture; feed. See Lair. [Obs.] Spenser.

Lare

Lare, v. t. To feed; to fatten. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Lares

La"res (?), n. pl. See 1st Lar.

Large

Large (?), a. [Compar. Larger (?); superl. Largest.] [F., fr. L. largus. Cf. Largo.]

1. Exceeding most other things of like in bulk, capacity, quantity, superficial dimensions, or number of constituent units; big; great; capacious; extensive; -- opposed to small; as, a nlarge horse; a large house or room; a large lake or pool; a large jug or spoon; a large vineyard; a large army; a large city. &hand; For linear dimensions, and mere extent, great, and not large, is used as a qualifying word; as, great length, breadth, depth; a great distance; a great height.

2. Abundant; ample; as, a large supply of provisions.

We hare yet large day. Milton.

3. Full in statement; diffuse; full; profuse.

I might be very large upon the importance and advantages of education. Felton.

4. Having more than usual power or capacity; having broad sympathies and generous impulses; comprehensive; -- said of the mind and heart.

5. Free; unembarrassed. [Obs.]

Of burdens all he set the Paynims large. Fairfax.

6. Unrestrained by decorum; -- said of language. [Obs.] "Some large jests he will make." Shak.

7. Prodigal in expending; lavish. [Obs.] Chaucer.

8. (Naut.) Crossing the line of a ship's course in a favorable direction; -- said of the wind when it is abeam, or between the beam and the quarter. At large. (a) Without restraint or confinement; as, to go at large; to be left at large. (b) Diffusely; fully; in the full extent; as, to discourse on a subject at large. -- Common at large. See under Common, n. -- Electors at large, Representative at large, electors, or a representative, as in Congress, chosen to represent the whole of a State, in distinction from those chosen to represent particular districts in a State. [U. S.] -- To give, go, run, ∨ sail large (Naut.), to have the wind crossing the direction of a vessel's course in such a way that the sails feel its full force, and the vessel gains its highest speed. See Large, a., 8. Syn. -- Big; bulky; huge; capacious; comprehensive; ample; abundant; plentiful; populous; copious; diffusive; liberal.

Large

Large, adv. Freely; licentiously. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Large

Large, n. (Mus.) A musical note, formerly in use, equal to two longs, four breves, or eight semibreves.

Large-acred

Large"-a`cred (?), a. Possessing much land.

Large-handed

Large"-hand`ed (?), a. Having large hands, Fig.: Taking, or giving, in large quantities; rapacious or bountiful.

Large-hearted

Large"-heart`ed (?), a. Having a large or generous heart or disposition; noble; liberal. -- Large"-heart`ed*ness, n.

Largely

Large"ly, adv. In a large manner. Dryden. Milton.

Largeness

Large"ness, n. The quality or state of being large.

Largess, Largesse

Lar"gess, Lar"gesse (?), n. [F. largesse, fr. large. See Large, a.]

1. Liberality; generosity; bounty. [Obs.]

Fulfilled of largesse and of all grace. Chaucer.

2. A present; a gift; a bounty bestowed.

The heralds finished their proclamation with their usual cry of "Largesse, largesse, gallant knights!" and gold and silver pieces were showered on them from the galleries. Sir W. Scott.

Larget

Lar"get (?), n. [Cf. F. larget.] A sport piece of bar iron for rolling into a sheet; a small billet.

Larghetto

Lar*ghet"to (?), a. & adv. [It., dim. of largo largo.] (Mus.) Somewhat slow or slowly, but not so slowly as largo, and rather more so than andante.

Largifical

Lar*gif"i*cal (?), a. [L. largificus; largus large + facere.] Generous; ample; liberal. [Obs.]

Largifluous

Lar*gif"lu*ous (?), a. [L. largifiuus; large abundantly + fluere to flow.] Flowing copiously. [Obs.]

Largiloquent

Lar*gil"o*quent (?), a. [Cf. L. largiloquus.] Grandiloquent. [Obs.]

Largish

Lar"gish (?), a. Somewhat large. [Colloq.]

Largition

Lar*gi"tion (?), [L. largitio, fr. largiri, p. p. largitus, to give bountifully.] The bestowment of a largess or gift. [Obs.]

Largo

Lar"go (?), a. & adv. [It., large, L. largus, See Large.] (Mus.) Slow or slowly; -- more so than adagio; next in slowness to grave, which is also weighty and solemn. -- n. A movement or piece in largo time.

Lariat

Lar"i*at (?), n. [Sp. la reata the rope; la the + reata rope. Cf. Reata.] A long, slender rope made of hemp or strips of hide, esp. one with a noose; -- used as a lasso for catching cattle, horses, etc., and for picketing a horse so that he can graze without wandering. [Mexico & Western U.S.]
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Lariat

Lar"i*at (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lariated; p. pr. & vb. n. Lariating.] To secure with a lariat fastened to a stake, as a horse or mule for grazing; also, to lasso or catch with a lariat. [Western U.S.]

Larine

La"rine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Gull family (Larid\'91).

Larixinic

Lar`ix*in"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, or derived from, the larch (Larix); as, larixinic acid.

Lark

Lark (?), n. [Perh fr. AS. l\'bec play, sport. Cf. Lake, v. i.] A frolic; a jolly time. [Colloq.] Dickens.

Lark

Lark, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Larked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Larking.] To sport; to frolic. [Colloq.]

Lark

Lark, n. [OE. larke, laverock, AS. l\'bewerce; akin to D. leeuwerik, LG. lewerke, OHG. l, G. lerche, Sw. l\'84rka, Dan. lerke, Icel. l\'91virki.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one numerous species of singing birds of the genus Alauda and allied genera (family Alaudid\'91). They mostly belong to Europe, Asia, and Northern Africa. In America they are represented by the shore larks, or horned by the shore larks, or horned larks, of the genus Otocoris. The true larks have holaspidean tarsi, very long hind claws, and usually, dull, sandy brown colors. &hand; The European skylark, or lark of the poets (Alauda arvensis), is of a brown mottled color, and is noted for its clear and sweet song, uttered as it rises and descends almost perpendicularly in the air. It is considered a table delicacy, and immense numbers are killed for the markets. Other well-known European species are the crested, or tufted, lark (Alauda cristata), and the wood lark (A. arborea). The pipits, or titlarks, of the genus Anthus (family Motacillid\'91) are often called larks. See Pipit. The American meadow larks, of the genus Sturnella, are allied to the starlings. See Meadow Lark. The Australian bush lark is Mirafra Horsfieldii. See Shore lark. Lark bunting (Zo\'94l.), a fringilline bird (Calamospiza melanocorys) found on the plains of the Western United States. -- Lark sparrow (Zo\'94l.), a sparrow (Chondestes grammacus), found in the Mississippi Valley and the Western United States.

Lark

Lark, v. i. To catch larks; as, to go larking.

Lark-colored

Lark"-col`ored (?), a. Having the sandy brown color of the European larks.

Larker

Lark"er (?), n. [See 3d Lark, for sense 1, and 1st Lark, for sense 2.]

1. A catcher of larks.

2. One who indulges in a lark or frolic. [Colloq.]

Lark's-heel

Lark's"-heel` (?), n. (Bot.) Indian cress.

Larkspur

Lark"spur (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of ranunculaceous plants (Delphinium), having showy flowers, and a spurred calyx. They are natives of the North Temperate zone. The commonest larkspur of the gardens is D. Consolida. The flower of the bee larkspur (D. elatum) has two petals bearded with yellow hairs, and looks not unlike a bee.

Larmier

Lar"mi*er (?), n. [F., fr. larme tear, drop, L. lacrima. See Lachrymose.] (Anat.) See Tearpit.

Laroid

La"roid (?), a. [Larus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or belonging to the Gull family (Larid\'91).

Larrup

Lar"rup (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Larruped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Larruping.] [Perh, a corrupt. of lee rope, used by sailors in beating the boys; but cf. D. larpen to thresh, larp a whip, blow.] To beat or flog soundly. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] Forby.

Larry

Lar"ry (?), n. Same as Lorry, or Lorrie.

Larum

Lar"um (?), See Alarum, and Alarm.

Larva

Lar"va (?), n.; pl. L. Larv\'91 (#), E. Larvas (#). [L. larva ghost, specter, mask.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any young insect from the time that it hatches from the egg until it becomes a pupa, or chrysalis. During this time it usually molts several times, and may change its form or color each time. The larv\'91 of many insects are much like the adults in form and habits, but have no trace of wings, the rudimentary wings appearing only in the pupa stage. In other groups of insects the larv\'91 are totally unlike the parents in structure and habits, and are called caterpillars, grubs, maggots, etc.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The early, immature form of any animal when more or less of a metamorphosis takes place, before the assumption of the mature shape.

Larval

Lar"val (?), a. [L. larvalis ghostly. See Larva.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a larva.

Larvalia

Lar*va"li*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Larval.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Tunicata, including Appendicularia, and allied genera; -- so called because certain larval features are retained by them through life. Called also Copelata. See Appendicularia.

Larvated

Lar"va*ted (?), a. [L.larvatus bewitched. See Larva.] Masked; clothed as with a mask.

Larve

Larve (?), n.; pl.Larves (#). [F.] A larva.

Larviform

Lar"vi*form (?), a. [Larva + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the form or structure of a larva.

Larviparous

Lar*vip"a*rous (?), a. [Larva + L. parete to bring forth.] (Zo\'94l.) Depositing living larv\'91, instead of eggs; -- said of certain insects.

Lary

La"ry (?), n. [Cf. F. lare sea gull, L. larus a sort of sea bird, Gr. ( A guillemot; -- called also lavy. [Prov. Eng.]

Laryngeal

Lar`yn*ge"al (?), a. [From Larynx.] Of or pertaining to the larynx; adapted to operations on the larynx; as, laryngeal forceps.

Laryngean

Lar`yn*ge"an (?), a. See Laryngeal.

Larypgismus

Lar`yp*gis"mus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Larynx.] (Med.) A spasmodic state of the glottis, giving rise to contraction or closure of the opening.

Laryngitis

Lar`yn*gi"tis (?), n. [NL. See Larynx, and -tis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the larynx.

Laryngological

La*ryn`go*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to laryngology.

Laryngologist

Lar`yn*gol"o*gist (?), n. One who applies himself to laryngology.

Laryngology

Lar`yn*gol"o*gy (?), n. [Larynx + -logy.] Systematized knowledge of the action and functions of the larynx; in pathology, the department which treats of the diseases of the larynx.

Laryngophony

Lar`yn*goph"o*ny (?), n. [Larynx + Gr. ( The sound of the voice as heard through a stethoscope when the latter is placed upon the larynx.

Larungoscope

La*run"go*scope (?), n. [Larynx + -scope.] (Surg.) An instrument, consisting of an arrangement of two mirrors, for reflecting light upon the larynx, and for examining its image.

Laryngoscopic

La*ryn`go*scop"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the inspection of the larynx.

Laryngoscopist

Lar`yn*gos"co*pist (?), n. One skilled in laryngoscopy.

Laryngoscopy

Lar`yn*gos"co*py (?), n. The art of using the laryngoscope; investigations made with the laryngoscope.

Laryngotome

La*ryn"go*tome (?), n. (Surg.) An instrument for performing laryngotomy.

Laryngotomy

Lar`yn*got"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (laryngotomie.] (Surg.) The operation of cutting into the larynx, from the outside of the neck, for assisting respiration when obstructed, or for removing foreign bodies.

Laryngotracheal

La*ryn`go*tra"che*al (?), a. [Larynx + tracheal.] (Anat.) Pertaining to both larynx and trachea; as, the laryngotracheal cartilage in the frog.

Laryngotracheotomy

La*ryn`go*tra`che*ot"o*my (?), n. [Larynx + tracheotomy.] (Surg.) The operation of cutting into the larynx and the upper part of the trachea, -- a frequent operation for obstruction to breathing.

Larynx

Lar"ynx (?), n. [ (Anat.) The expanded upper end of the windpipe or trachea, connected with the hyoid bone or cartilage. It contains the vocal cords, which produce the voice by their vibrations, when they are stretched and a current of air passes between them. The larynx is connected with the pharynx by an opening, the glottis, which, in mammals, is protected by a lidlike epiglottis. &hand; In the framework of the human larynx, the thyroid cartilage, attached to the hyoid bone, makes the protuberance on the front of the neck known as Adam's apple, and is articulated below to the ringlike cricoid cartilage. This is narrow in front and high behind, where, within the thyroid, it is surmounted by the two arytenoid cartilages, from which the vocal cords pass forward to be attached together to the front of the thyroid. See Syrinx.

Las

Las (?), n. A lace. See Lace. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Las

Las, a. & adv. Less. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lascar

Las"car (?), n. [Per. & Hind. lashkar an army, an inferior artillery man, a cooly, a native sailor.] A native sailor, employed in European vessels; also, a menial employed about arsenals, camps, camps, etc.; a camp follower. [East Indies]

Lascious

Las"ci*ous (?), a. Loose; lascivious. [Obs.] "To depaint lascious wantonness." Holland.

Lasciviency

Las*civ"i*en*cy (?), n. [See Lascivient.] Lasciviousness; wantonness. [Obs.]

Lascivient

Las*civ"i*ent (?), a. [L. lasciviens, pr. of lascivire to be wanton, fr. lascivus. See Lascivious.] Lascivious. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Lascivious

Las*civ"i*ous (?), a. [L. lascivia wantonness, fr. lascivus wanton; cf. Gr. (lash to desire.]

1. Wanton; lewd; lustful; as, lascivious men; lascivious desires. Milton.

2. Tending to produce voluptuous or lewd emotions.

He capers nimbly in a lady's chamber To the lascivious pleasing of a lute. Shak.
-- Las*civ"i*ous*ly, adv. -- Las*civ"i*ous*ness, n.

Laserwort

La"ser*wort` (?), n. [L.laser the juice of the laserwort.] (Bot.) Any plant of the umbelliferous genus Laserpitium, of several species (as L. glabrum, and L. siler), the root of which yields a resinous substance of a bitter taste. The genus is mostly European.

Lash

Lash (?), n. [OE. lasche; cf. D. lasch piece set in, joint, seam, G. lashe latchet, a bit of leather, gusset, stripe, laschen to furnish with flaps, to lash or slap, Icel. laski gusset, flap, laska to break.]

1. The thong or braided cord of a whip, with which the blow is given.

I observed that your whip wanted a lash to it. Addison.

2. A leash in which an animal is caught or held; hence, a snare. [Obs.]

3. A stroke with a whip, or anything pliant and tough; as, the culprit received thirty-nine lashes.

4. A stroke of satire or sarcasm; an expression or retort that cuts or gives pain; a cut.

The moral is a lash at the vanity of arrogating that to ourselves which succeeds well. L'Estrange.

5. A hair growing from the edge of the eyelid; an eyelash.

6. In carpet weaving, a group of strings for lifting simultaneously certain yarns, to form the figure.

Lash

Lash (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lashng.]

1. To strike with a lash ; to whip or scourge with a lash, or with something like one.

We lash the pupil, and defraud the ward. Dryden.

2. To strike forcibly and quickly, as with a lash; to beat, or beat upon, with a motion like that of a lash; as, a whale lashes the sea with his tail.

And big waves lash the frighted shores. Dryden.

3. To throw out with a jerk or quickly.

He falls, and lashing up his heels, his rider throws. Dryden.

4. To scold; to berate; to satirize; to censure with severity; as, to lash vice.

Lash

Lash,. v. i. To ply the whip; to strike; to uttercensure or sarcastic language.
To laugh at follies, or to lash at vice. Dryden.
To lash out, to strike out wildly or furiously.

Lash

Lash, v. t. [Cf. D. lasschen to fasten together, lasch piece, joint, Sw. laska to stitch, Dan. laske stitch. See Lash, n. ] To bind with a rope, cord, thong, or chain, so as to fasten; as, to lash something to a spar; to lash a pack on a horse's back.

Lasher

Lash"er (?), n. One who whips or lashes.

Lasher

Lash"er, n.

1. A piece of rope for binding or making fast one thing to another; -- called also lashing.

2. A weir in a river. [Eng.] Halliwell.

Lashing

Lash"ing, n. The act of one who, or that which, lashes; castigation; chastisement. South. Lashing out, a striking out; also, extravagance.

Lashing

Lash"ing, n. See 2d Lasher.

Lask

Lask (?), n. A diarrhea or flux. [Obs.] Holland.

Lasket

Las"ket (?), n. [Cf. Lash, Latching.] (Naut.) latching.

Lass

Lass (?), n. [OE. lasse; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. llodes girl, fem. of llawd lad. (Lad a youth.] A youth woman; a girl; a sweetheart.

Lasse

Lasse (?), a. & adv. Less. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lassie

Las"sie (?), n. A young girl; a lass. [Scot.]

Lassitude

Las"si*tude (?), n. [L. lassitudo, fr. lassus faint, weary; akin to E. late: cf. F. lassitude. See Late.] A condition of the body, or mind, when its voluntary functions are performed with difficulty, and only by a strong exertion of the will; languor; debility; weariness.
The corporeal instruments of action being strained to a high pitch . . . will soon feel a lassitude. Barrow.

Lasslorn

Lass"lorn` (?), a. Forsaken by a lass. Shak.

Lasso

Lass"o (l&acr;s"s&osl;) n.; pl. Lassos (-s&omac;z). [Sp. lazo, L. laqueus. See Lace.] A rope or long thong of leather with, a running noose, used for catching horses, cattle, etc. Lasso cell (Zo\'94l.), one of a peculiar kind of defensive and offensive stinging cells, found in great numbers in all c\'d2lenterates, and in a few animals of other groups. They are most highly developed in the tentacles of jellyfishes, hydroids, and Actini\'91. Each of these cells is filled with, fluid, and contains a long, slender, often barbed, hollow thread coiled up within it. When the cell contracts the thread is quickly ejected, being at the same time turned inside out. The thread is able to penetrate the flesh of various small, soft-bodied animals, and carries a subtle poison by which they are speedily paralyzed and killed. The threads, at the same time, hold the prey in position, attached to the tentacles. Some of the jellyfishes, as the Portuguese man-of-war, and Cyanea, are able to penetrate the human skin, and inflict painful stings in the same way. Called also nettling cell, cnida, cnidocell.

Lasso

Las"so, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lassoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lassoing.] To catch with a lasso.

Last

Last (?), 3d pers. sing. pres. of Last, to endure, contracted from lasteth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Last

Last (, a. [OE. last, latst, contr. of latest, superl. of late; akin to OS. lezt, lazt, last, D. laatst, G. letzt. See Late, and cf. Latest.]

1. Being after all the others, similarly classed or considered, in time, place, or order of succession; following all the rest; final; hindmost; farthest; as, the last year of a century; the last man in a line of soldiers; the last page in a book; his last chance.

Also day by day, from the first day unto the last day, he read in the book of the law of God. Neh. viii. 18.
Fairest of stars, last in the train of night. Milton.

2. Next before the present; as, I saw him last week.

3. Supreme; highest in degree; utmost.

Contending for principles of the last importance. R. Hall
.

4. Lowest in rank or degree; as, the last prize. Pope.

5. Farthest of all from a given quality, character, or condition; most unlikely; having least fitness; as, he is the last person to be accused of theft.


Page 832

At last, at the end of a certain period; after delay. "The duke of Savoy felt that the time had at last arrived." Motley. -- At the last. [Prob. fr. AS. on l\'beste behind, following behind, fr. l\'best race, track, footstep. See Last mold of the foot.] At the end; in the conclusion. [Obs.] "Gad, a troop shall overcome him; but he shall overcome at the last." Gen. xlix. 19. -- Last heir, the person to whom lands escheat for want of an heir. [Eng.] Abbott. -- On one's last legs, at, or near, the end of one's resources; hence, on the verge of failure or ruin, especially in a financial sense. [Colloq.] -- To breathe one's last, to die. -- To the last, to the end; till the conclusion.

And blunder on in business to the last. Pope.
Syn. -- At Last, At Length. These phrases both denote that some delayed end or result has been reached. At length implies that a long period was spent in so doing; as, after a voyage of more than three months, we at Length arrived safe. At last commonly implies that something has occurred (as interruptions, disappointments, etc.) which leads us to emphasize the idea of having reached the end; as, in spite of every obstacle, we have at last arrived.<-- "eventually" also suggests a (relatively) long interval, but does not specifically imply any interruptions -->

Last

Last (?), adv. [See Last, a.]

1. At a time or on an occasion which is the latest of all those spoken of or which have occurred; the last time; as, I saw him last in New York.

2. In conclusion; finally.<-- = lastly -->

Pleased with his idol, he commends, admires, Adores; and, last, the thing adored desires. Dryden.

3. At a time next preceding the present time.

How long is't now since last yourself and I Were in a mask ? Shak.

Last

Last, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Lasting.] [OE. lasten, As. l\'91stan to perform, execute, follow, last, continue, fr. l\'best, l, trace, footstep, course; akin to G. leisten to perform, Goth. laistjan to follow. See Last mold of the foot.]

1. To continue in time; to endure; to remain in existence.

[I] proffered me to be slave in all that she me would ordain while my life lasted. Testament of Love.

2. To endure use, or continue in existence, without impairment or exhaustion; as, this cloth lasts better than that; the fuel will last through the winter.

Last

Last, n. [AS. l\'besttrace, track, footstep; akin to D. leest a last, G. leisten, Sw. l\'84st, Dan. l\'91st, Icel. leistr the foot below the ankle, Goth. laists track, way; from a root signifying, to go. Cf. Last, v. i., Learn, Delirium.] A wooden block shaped like the human foot, on which boots and shoes are formed.
The cobbler is not to go beyond his last. L'Estrange.
Darning last, a smooth, hard body, often egg-shaped, put into a stocking to preserve its shape in darning.

Last

Last, v. t. To shape with a last; to fasten or fit to a last; to place smoothly on a last; as, to last a boot.

Last

Last, n. [As. hl\'91st, fr. hladan to lade; akin to OHG. hlast, G., D., Dan., & Sw. last: cf. F. laste, last, a last, of German or Dutch origin. See Lade.]

1. A load; a heavy burden; hence, a certain weight or measure, generally estimated at 4,000 lbs., but varying for different articles and in different countries. In England, a last of codfish, white herrings, meal, or ashes, is twelve barrels; a last of corn, ten quarters, or eighty bushels, in some parts of England, twenty-one quarters; of gunpowder, twenty-four barrels, each containing 100 lbs; of red herrings, twenty cades, or 20,000; of hides, twelve dozen; of leather, twenty dickers; of pitch and tar, fourteen barrels; of wool, twelve sacks; of flax or feathers, 1,700 lbs.

2. The burden of a ship; a cargo.

Lastage

Last"age (?) n. [E. lestage ballasting, fr. lest ballast, or LL. lastagium, lestagium. See Last a load.]

1. A duty exacted, in some fairs or markets, for the right to carry things where one will. [Obs.]

2. A tax on wares sold by the last. [Obs.] Cowell.

3. The lading of a ship; also, ballast. Spelman.

4. Room for stowing goods, as in a ship.

Laste

Last"e (?), obs. imp. of Last, to endure. Chaucer.

Laster

Last"er, n. A workman whose business it is to shape boots or shoes, or place leather smoothly, on lasts; a tool for stretching leather on a last.

Laster-y

Last"er-y (?), n. A red color.[Obs.] Spenser.

Lasting

Last"ing, a. Existing or continuing a long while; enduring; as, a lasting good or evil; a lasting color. Syn. -- Durable; permanent; undecaying; perpetual; unending. -- Lasting, Permanent, Durable. Lasting commonly means merely continuing in existence; permanent carries the idea of continuing in the same state, position, or course; durable means lasting in spite of agencies which tend to destroy.

Lasting

Last"ing, n.

1. Continuance; endurance. Locke.

2. A species of very durable woolen stuff, used for women's shoes; everlasting.

3. The act or process of shaping on a last.

Lasting

Last"ing, adv. In a lasting manner.

Lastly

Last"ly, adv.

1. In the last place; in conclusion.

2. at last; finally.

Lat

Lat (?), v. t. To let; to allow. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Latakia

Lat`a*ki"a (?), n. [Turk.] A superior quality of Turkish smoking tobacco, so called from the place where produced, the ancient Laodicea.

Latch

Latch (?), v. t. [Cf. F. l\'82cher to lick (of German origin). Cf. Lick.] To smear; to anoint. [Obs.] Shak.

Latch

Latch, n. [OE. lacche, fr. lacchen to seize, As. l\'91ccan.]

1. That which fastens or holds; a lace; a snare. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

2. A movable piece which holds anything in place by entering a notch or cavity; specifically, the catch which holds a door or gate when closed, though it be not bolted.

3. (Naut.) A latching.

4. A crossbow. [Obs.] Wright.

Latch

Latch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Latched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Latching.] [OE.lacchen. See Latch. n.]

1. To catch so as to hold. [Obs.]

Those that remained threw darts at our men, and latching our darts, sent them again at us. Golding.

2. To catch or fasten by means of a latch.

The door was only latched. Locke.

Latchet

Latch"et (?), n. [OE. lachet, from an OF. dialect form of F. lacet plaited string, lace dim. of lacs. See Lace.] The string that fastens a shoe; a shoestring.

Latching

Latch"ing, n. (Naut.) A loop or eye formed on the head rope of a bonnet, by which it is attached to the foot of a sail; -- called also latch and lasket. [Usually in pl.]

Latchkey

Latch"key` (?), n. A key used to raise, or throw back, the latch of a door, esp. a night latch.

Latchstring

Latch"string` (?), n. A string for raising the latch of a door by a person outside. It is fastened to the latch and passed through a hole above it in the door. To find the latchstring out, to meet with hospitality; to be welcome. (Intrusion is prevented by drawing in the latchstring.) [Colloq. U.S.]

Late

Late (?), a. [Compar. Later (?), or latter (; superl. Latest (?).] [OE. lat slow, slack, As.l\'91t; akin to Os. lat, D. laat late, G. lass weary, lazy, slack, Icel. latr, Sw. lat, Dan. lad, Goth. lats, and to E. let, v. See Let to permit, and cf. Alas, Lassitude.]

1. Coming after the time when due, or after the usual or proper time; not early; slow; tardy; long delayed; as, a late spring.

2. Far advanced toward the end or close; as, a late hour of the day; a late period of life.

3. Existing or holding some position not long ago, but not now; lately deceased, departed, or gone out of office; as, the late bishop of London; the late administration.

4. Not long past; happening not long ago; recent; as, the late rains; we have received late intelligence.

5. Continuing or doing until an advanced hour of the night; as, late revels; a late watcher.

Late

Late, adv. [AS. late. See Late, a.]

1. After the usual or proper time, or the time appointed; after delay; as, he arrived late; -- opposed to early.

2. Not long ago; lately.

3. Far in the night, day, week, or other particular period; as, to lie abed late; to sit up late at night. Of late, in time not long past, or near the present; lately; as, the practice is of late uncommon. -- Too late, after the proper or available time; when the time or opportunity is past.

Lated

Lat"ed (?), a. Belated; too late. [Obs.] Shak.

La-teen

La-teen" (?), a. (Naut.) Of or pertaining to a peculiar rig used in the Mediterranean and adjacent waters, esp. on the northern coast of Africa. See below. Lateen sail. [F. voile latine a sail in the shape of a right-angled triangle; cf. It. & Sp. vela latina; properly Latin sail. See Latin.] (Naut.) A triangular sail, extended by a long yard, which is slung at about one fourth of its length from the lower end, to a low mast, this end being brought down at the tack, while the other end is elevated at an angle or about forty-five degrees; -- used in small boats, feluccas, xebecs, etc., especially in the Mediterranean and adjacent waters. Some lateen sails have also a boom on the lower side.

Lately

Late"ly (?), adv. Not long ago; recently; as, he has lately arrived from Italy.

Latence

La"tence (?), n. Latency. Coleridge.

Latency

La"ten*cy (?), n. [See Latent.] The state or quality of being latent.
To simplify the discussion, I shall distinguish three degrees of this latency. Sir W. Hamilton.

Lateness

Late"ness (?), n. The state, condition, or quality, of being late; as, the lateness of his arrival; the lateness of the hour; the lateness of the season.

Latent

La"tent (?), a. [L. latens, -entis, p. pr. of latere to lie hid or concealed; cf. Gr. lethargy: cf. F.latent.] Not visible or apparent; hidden; springs of action.
The evils latent in the most promising contrivances are provided for as they arise. Burke.
Latent buds (bot.), buds which remain undeveloped or dormant for a long time, but may at length grow. Latent heat (Physics), that quantity of heat which disappears or becomes concealed in a body while producing some change in it other than rise of temperature, as fusion, evaporation, or expansion, the quantity being constant for each particular body and for each species of change. -- Latent period. (a) (Med.) The regular time in which a disease is supposed to be existing without manifesting itself. (b) (Physiol.) One of the phases in a simple muscular contraction, in which invisible preparatory changes are taking place in the nerve and muscle. (c) (Biol.) One of those periods or resting stages in the development of the ovum, in which development is arrested prior to renewed activity.

Latently

La"tent*ly, adv. In a secret or concealed manner; invisibly.

Later

La"ter (?), n.; pl. Lateres (#). [L.] A brick or tile. Knight.

Later

Lat"er (?), a. Compar. of Late, a. & adv.

Laterad

Lat"er*ad (?), adv. [L. latus, lateris, side + ad to.] (Anat.) Toward the side; away from the mesial plane; -- opposed to mesiad.

Lateral

Lat"er*al (?), a. [L. lateralis, fr. latus, lateris, side: cf. F.lat\'82ral.]

1. Of or pertaining to the sides; as, the lateral walls of a house; the lateral branches of a tree.

2. (Anat.) Lying at, or extending toward, the side; away from the mesial plane; external; -- opposed to mesial.

3. Directed to the side; as, a lateral view of a thing. Lateral cleavage (Crystallog.), cleavage parallel to the lateral planes. -- Lateral equation (Math.), an equation of the first degree. [Obs.] -- Lateral line (Anat.), in fishes, a line of sensory organs along either side of the body, often marked by a distinct line of color. -- Lateral pressure or stress (Mech.), a pressure or stress at right angles to the length, as of a beam or bridge; -- distinguished from longitudinal pressure or stress. -- Lateral strength (Mech.), strength which resists a tendency to fracture arising from lateral pressure. -- Lateral system (Bridge Building), the system of horizontal braces (as between two vertical trusses) by which lateral stiffness is secured.

Laterality

Lat`er*al"i*ty (?), n. The state or condition of being lateral.

Laterally

Lat"er*al*ly (?), adv. By the side; sidewise; toward, or from, the side.

Lateran

Lat"er*an (?), n. The church and palace of St. John Lateran, the church being the cathedral church of Rome, and the highest in rank of all churches in the Catholic world. &hand; The name is said to have been derived from that of the Laterani family, who possessed a palace on or near the spot where the church now stands. In this church several ecclesiastical councils, hence called Lateran councils, have been held.

Latered

Lat"ered (?), a. Inclined to delay; dilatory. [Obs.] "When a man is too latered." Chaucer.

Laterifolious

Lat`er*i*fo"li*ous (?), a. [L. latus, lateris, side + folium leaf: cf. F. lat\'82rifoli\'82.] (Bot.) Growing from the stem by the side of a leaf; as, a laterifolious flower.

Laterite

Lat"er*ite (?), n. [L. later brick, tile: cf. F. lat\'82rite.] (Geol.)An argillaceous sandstone, of a red color, and much seamed; -- found in India.

Later-itic

Lat`er-it"ic (?), a. consisting of, containing, or characterized by, laterite; as, lateritic formations.

Lateritic

Lat`er*it"ic (?), a. Consisting of, containing, or characterized by, laterite; as, lateritic formations.

Lateritious

Lat"er*i"tious (?), a. [L.lateritius, fr. later a brick.] Like bricks; of the color of red bricks. Lateritious sediment (Med.), a sediment in urine resembling brick dust, observed after the crises of fevers, and at the termination of gouty paroxysms. It usually consists of uric acid or urates with some coloring matter.

Lates

La"tes (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large percoid fishes, of which one species (Lates Niloticus) inhabits the Nile, and another (L. calcariferLatescence La*tes"cence (?), n. A slight withdrawal from view or knowledge. Sir W. Hamilton.

Latescent

La*tes"cent (?), a. [L. latescens, -entis, p. pr. of latescere to be concealed, fr. latere to be hid.] Slightly withdrawn from view or knowledge; as, a latescent meaning. Sir W. Hamilton.

Latewake

Late"wake` (?), n. See Lich wake, under Lich.

Lateward

Late"ward (?), a. & adv. Somewhat late; backward. [Obs.] "Lateward lands." Holland.

Latex

La"tex (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A milky or colored juice in certain plants in cavities (called latex cells or latex tubes). It contains the peculiar principles of the plants, whether aromatic, bitter, or acid, and in many instances yields caoutchouc upon coagulation. <-- produced_by ∧ contained_in latex cells, -->

Lath

Lath (?), n.; pl. Laths (#). [OE. laththe, latthe, latte, AS. l\'91tta; akin to D. lat, G. latte, OHG. latta; cf. W. llath a rod, staff, yard. Cf. Lattice, Latten.] A thin, narrow strip of wood, nailed to the rafters, studs, or floor beams of a building, for the purpose of supporting the tiles, plastering, etc. A corrugated metallic strip or plate is sometimes used. Lath brick, a long, slender brick, used in making the floor on which malt is placed in the drying kiln. Lath nail a slender nail for fastening laths.

Lath

Lath (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lathed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lathing.] To cover or line with laths.

Lathe

Lathe (?), n. [AS.l&aemac;&edh;. Of. uncertain origin.] Formerly, a part or division of a county among the Anglo-Saxons. At present it consists of four or five hundreds, and is confined to the county of Kent. [Written also lath.] Brande & C.

Lathe

Lathe (?), n. [OE. lathe a granary; akin to G. lade a chest, Icel. hla&edh;a a storehouse, barn; but cf. also Icel. l\'94&edh; a smith's lathe. Senses 2 and 3 are perh. of the same origin as lathe a granary, the original meaning being, a frame to hold something. If so, the word is from an older form of E. lade to load. See Lade to load.]

1. A granary; a barn. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. (Mach.) A machine for turning, that is, for shaping articles of wood, metal, or other material, by causing them to revolve while acted upon by a cutting tool. <-- "turning" here is in the sense of cutting while turning. turn 6 and turning 4, in this dict. -->

3. The movable swing frame of a loom, carrying the reed for separating the warp threads and beating up the weft; -- called also lay and batten. Blanchard lathe, a lathe for turning irregular forms after a given pattern, as lasts, gunstocks, and the like. -- Drill lathe, ∨ Speed lathe, a small lathe which, from its high speed, is adapted for drilling; a hand lathe. -- Engine lathe, a turning lathe in which the cutting tool has an automatic feed; -- used chiefly for turning and boring metals, cutting screws, etc. -- Foot lathe, a lathe which is driven by a treadle worked by the foot. -- Geometric lathe. See under Geometric -- Hand lathe, a lathe operated by hand; a power turning lathe without an automatic feed for the tool. -- Slide lathe, an engine lathe. -- Throw lathe, a small lathe worked by one hand, while the cutting tool is held in the other.


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Lather

Lath"er (?), n. [AS. le\'a0&edh;or niter, in le\'a0&edh;orwyrt soapwort; cf. Icel. lau; perh. akin to E. lye.]

1. Foam or froth made by soap moistened with water.

2. Foam from profuse sweating, as of a horse.

Lather

Lath"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lathered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lathering.] [AS. l&emac;&edh;rian to lather, anoint. See Lather, n. ] To spread over with lather; as, to lather the face.

Lather

Lath"er, v. i. To form lather, or a froth like lather; to accumulate foam from profuse sweating, as a horse.

Lather

Lath"er, v. t. [Cf. Leather.] To beat severely with a thong, strap, or the like; to flog. [Low]

Lathereeve, Lathreeve

Lathe"reeve` (?), Lath"reeve` (?), n. Formerly, the head officer of a lathe. See 1st Lathe.

Lathing

Lath"ing (?), n. The act or process of covering with laths; laths, collectively; a covering of laths.

Lath-shaped

Lath"-shaped` (?), a. Having a slender elongated form, like a lath; -- said of the feldspar of certain igneous rocks, as diabase, as seen in microscopic sections.

Lathwork

Lath"work` (?), n. Same as Lathing.

Lathy

Lath"y (?), a. Like a lath; long and slender.
A lathy horse, all legs and length. R. Browning.

Latian

La"tian (?), a. Belonging, or relating, to Latium, a country of ancient Italy. See Latin.

Latibulize

La*tib"u*lize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Latibulized (; p. pr. & vb. n. Latibulizing (?).] [L. latibulum hiding place, fr. latere to lie hid.] To retire into a den, or hole, and lie dormant in winter; to retreat and lie hid. [R.] G. Shaw.

Latibulum

La*tib"u*lum (?), n; pl. Latibula (#). [L.] A concealed hiding place; a burrow; a lair; a hole.

Laticiferous

Lat`i*cif"er*ous (?), a. [L. latex, laticis, a liquid + -ferous.] (Bot.) Containing the latex; -- applied to the tissue or tubular vessels in which the latex of the plant is found.

Laticlave

Lat"i*clave (?), n. [L. laticlavus, laticlavium; latus broad + clavus nail, a purple stripe on the tunica: cf. F. laticlave.] (Rom. Antiq.) A broad stripe of purple on the fore part of the tunic, worn by senators in ancient Rome as an emblem of office.

Laticostate

Lat`i*cos"tate (?), a. [L. latus broad + E. costate.] Broad-ribbed.

Latidentate

Lat`i*den"tate (?), a. [L. latus broad + E. dentate.] Broad-toothed.

Latifoliate, Latifolious

Lat`i*fo"li*ate (?), Lat`i*fo"li*ous (?), a. [L. latifolius; latus broad + folium leaf: cf. F. latifoli\'82.] (Bot.) Having broad leaves.

Latimer

Lat"i*mer (?), n. [OF. latinier, latimier, prop., one knowing Latin.] An interpreter. [Obs.] Coke.

Latin

Lat"in (?), a. [F., fr. L. Latinus belonging to Latium, Latin, fr. Latium a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated. Cf. Ladin, Lateen sail, under Lateen.]

1. Of or pertaining to Latium, or to the Latins, a people of Latium; Roman; as, the Latin language.

2. Of, pertaining to, or composed in, the language used by the Romans or Latins; as, a Latin grammar; a Latin composition or idiom. Latin Church (Eccl. Hist.), the Western or Roman Catholic Church, as distinct from the Greek or Eastern Church. -- Latin cross. See Illust. 1 of Cross. -- Latin races, a designation sometimes loosely given to certain nations, esp. the French, Spanish, and Italians, who speak languages principally derived from Latin. Latin Union, an association of states, originally comprising France, Belgium, Switzerland, and Italy, which, in 1865, entered into a monetary agreement, providing for an identity in the weight and fineness of the gold and silver coins of those countries, and for the amounts of each kind of coinage by each. Greece, Servia, Roumania, and Spain subsequently joined the Union.

Latin

Lat"in, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Latium; a Roman.

2. The language of the ancient Romans.

3. An exercise in schools, consisting in turning English into Latin. [Obs.] Ascham.

4. (Eccl.) A member of the Roman Catholic Church. (Dog Latin, barbarous Latin; a jargon in imitation of Latin; as, the log Latin of schoolboys. -- Late Latin, Low Latin, terms used indifferently to designate the latest stages of the Latin language; low Latin (and, perhaps, late Latin also), including the barbarous coinages from the French, German, and other languages into a Latin form made after the Latin had become a dead language for the people. -- Law Latin, that kind of late, or low, Latin, used in statutes and legal instruments; -- often barbarous.

Latin

Lat"in, v. t. To write or speak in Latin; to turn or render into Latin. [Obs.] Fuller.

Latinism

Lat"in*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. latinisme.] A Latin idiom; a mode of speech peculiar to Latin; also, a mode of speech in another language, as English, formed on a Latin model. &hand; The term is also sometimes used by Biblical scholars to designate a Latin word in Greek letters, or the Latin sense of a Greek word in the Greek Testament.

Latinist

Lat"in*ist, n. [Cf. F. latiniste.] One skilled in Latin; a Latin scholar. Cowper.
He left school a good Latinist. Macaulay.

Latinistic

Lat`in*is"tic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or derived from, Latin; in the Latin style or idiom. "Latinistic words." Fitzed. Hall.

Latinitaster

La*tin"i*tas`ter (?), n. [Cf. Poetaster.] One who has but a smattering of Latin. Walker.

Latinity

La*tin"i*ty (?), n. [L. latinitas: cf. F. latinit\'82.] The Latin tongue, style, or idiom, or the use thereof; specifically, purity of Latin style or idiom. "His eleLatinity
." Motley.

Latinization

Lat`in*i*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of Latinizing, as a word, language, or country.
The Germanization of Britain went far deeper than the Latinization of France. M. Arnold.

Latinize

Lat"in*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Latinized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Latinizing (?).] [L. latinizare: cf. F.latiniser.]

1. To give Latin terminations or forms to, as to foreign words, in writing Latin.

2. To bring under the power or influence of the Romans or Latins; to affect with the usages of the Latins, especially in speech. "Latinized races." Lowell.

3. To make like the Roman Catholic Church or diffuse its ideas in; as, to Latinize the Church of England.

Latinize

Lat"in*ize, v. i. To use words or phrases borrowed from the Latin. Dryden.

2. To come under the influence of the Romans, or of the Roman Catholic Church.

Latinly

Lat"in*ly, adv. In the manner of the Latin language; in correct Latin. [Obs.] Heylin.

Lation

La"tion (?), n. [L. latio, fr. latus borne. See Tolerate.] Transportation; conveyance. [Obs.]

Latirostral, Latirostrous

Lat`i*ros"tral (?), Lat`i*ros"trous (?), a. [Cf. F. latirostre. See Latirostres.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a broad beak. Sir T. Browne.

Latirostres

Lat`i*ros"tres (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. latus broad + rostrum beak.] (Zo\'94l.) The broad-billed singing birds, such as the swallows, and their allies.

Latish

Lat"ish (?), a. Somewhat late. [Colloq.]

Latisternal

Lat`i*ster"nal (?), a. [L. latus broad + E. sternal.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a broad breastbone, or sternum; -- said of anthropoid apes.

Latitancy

Lat"i*tan*cy (?), n. [See Latitant.] Act or state of lying hid, or lurking. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Latitant

Lat"i*tant (?), a. [L. latitans, pr. of latitare to lie hid, to lurk, v. intens. fr. latere to be hid: cf. F. latitant.] Lying hid; concealed; latent. [R.]

Latitat

Lat"i*tat (?), n. [L., he lies hid.] (O. Eng. Law) A writ based upon the presumption that the person summoned was hiding. Blackstone.

Latitation

Lat`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. latitatio.] A lying in concealment; hiding. [Obs.]

Latitude

Lat"i*tude (?), n. [F. latitude, L. latitudo, fr. latus broad, wide, for older stlatus; perh. akin to E. strew.]

1. Extent from side to side, or distance sidewise from a given point or line; breadth; width.

Provided the length do not exceed the latitude above one third part. Sir H. Wotton.

2. Room; space; freedom from confinement or restraint; hence, looseness; laxity; independence.

In human actions there are no degrees and precise natural limits described, but a latitude is indulged. Jer. Taylor.

3. Extent or breadth of signification, application, etc.; extent of deviation from a standard, as truth, style, etc.

No discreet man will believe Augustine's miracles, in the latitude of monkish relations. Fuller.

4. Extent; size; amplitude; scope.

I pretend not to treat of them in their full latitude. Locke.

5. (Geog.) Distance north or south of the equator, measured on a meridian.

6. (Astron.) The angular distance of a heavenly body from the ecliptic. Ascending latitude, Circle of latitude, Geographical latitude, etc. See under Ascending. Circle, etc. -- High latitude, that part of the earth's surface near either pole, esp. that part within either the arctic or the antarctic circle. -- Low latitude, that part of the earth's surface which is near the equator.

Latitudinal

Lat`i*tu"di*nal (?), a. Of or pertaining to latitude; in the direction of latitude.

Latitudinarian

Lat`i*tu`di*na"ri*an (?), a. [Cf. F. latitudinaire.]

1. Not restrained; not confined by precise limits.

2. Indifferent to a strict application of any standard of belief or opinion; hence, deviating more or less widely from such standard; lax in doctrine; as, latitudinarian divines; latitudinarian theology.

Latitudinarian sentiments upon religious subjects. Allibone.

3. Lax in moral or religious principles.

Latitudinarian

Lat`i*tu`di*na"ri*an, n.

1. One who is moderate in his notions, or not restrained by precise settled limits in opinion; one who indulges freedom in thinking.

2. (Eng. Eccl. Hist.) A member of the Church of England, in the time of Charles II., who adopted more liberal notions in respect to the authority, government, and doctrines of the church than generally prevailed.

They were called "men of latitude;" and upon this, men of narrow thoughts fastened upon them the name of latitudinarians. Bp. Burnet.

3. (Theol.) One who departs in opinion from the strict principles of orthodoxy.

Latitudinarianism

Lat`i*tu`di*na"ri*an*ism (?), n. A latitudinarian system or condition; freedom of opinion in matters pertaining to religious belief.
Fierce sectarianism bred fierce latitudinarianism. De Quincey.
He [Ammonius Saccas] plunged into the wildest latitudinarianism of opinion. J. S. Harford.

Latitudinous

Lat`i*tu"di*nous (?), a. Having latitude, or wide extent.

Laton, Latoun

Lat"on (?), Lat"oun (?), n. Latten, 1. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Latrant

La"trant (?), a. [L. latrans, p. pr. of latrare. See Latrate.] Barking. [Obs.] Tickell.

Latrate

La"trate (?), v. i. [L. latratus, p. p. of latrare to bark.] To bark as a dog. [Obs.]

Latration

La*tra"tion (?), n. A barking. [Obs.]

Latreutical

La*treu"tic*al (?), a. [Gr.

1. Acting as a hired servant; serving; ministering; assisting. [Obs.]

2. Of or pertaining to latria. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Latria

La*tri"a (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. The highest kind of worship, or that paid to God; -- distinguished by the Roman Catholics from dulia, or the inferior worship paid to saints.

Latrine

La*trine" (?), n. [L. latrina: cf. F. latrines.] A privy, or water-closet, esp. in a camp, hospital, etc.

Latrociny

Lat"ro*cin`y (?), n. [L. latrocinium. Cf. Larceny.] Theft; larceny. [Obs.]

Latten

Lat"ten (?), n. [OE. latoun, laton, OF. laton, F. laiton, prob. fr. OF. late lath, F. latte; -- because made in thin plates; cf. It. latta a sheet of tinned iron, tin plate. F. latte is of German origin. See Lath a thin board.]

1. A kind of brass hammered into thin sheets, formerly much used for making church utensils, as candlesticks, crosses, etc.; -- called also latten brass.

He had a cross of latoun full of stones. Chaucer.

2. Sheet tin; iron plate, covered with tin; also, any metal in thin sheets; as, gold latten. Black latten, brass in milled sheets, composed of copper and zinc, used by braziers, and for drawing into wire. -- Roll latten, latten polished on both sides ready for use. -- Shaven latten, a thinner kind than black latten. -- White latten, a mixture of brass and tin.

Latter

Lat"ter (?), a. [OE. later, l\'91tter, compar. of lat late. See Late, and cf. Later.]

1. Later; more recent; coming or happening after something else; -- opposed to former; as, the former and latter rain.

2. Of two things, the one mentioned second.

The difference between reason and revelation, and in what sense the latter is superior. I. Watts.

3. Recent; modern.

Hath not navigation discovered in these latter ages, whole nations at the bay of Soldania? Locke.

4. Last; latest; final. [R.] "My latter gasp." Shak. Latter harvest, the last part of the harvest. -- Latter spring, the last part of the spring of the year. Shak.

Latter-day saint

Lat"ter-day` saint" (?). A Mormon; -- the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints being the name assumed by the whole body of Mormons.

Latterkin

Lat"ter*kin (?), n. A pointed wooden tool used in glazing leaden lattice.

Latterly

Lat"ter*ly, adv. Lately; of late; recently; at a later, as distinguished from a former, period.
Latterly Milton was short and thick. Richardson.

Lattermath

Lat"ter*math (?), n. [Cf. Aftermath.] The latter, or second, mowing; the aftermath.

Lattice

Lat"tice (?), n. [OE. latis, F. lattis lathwork, fr. latte lath. See Latten, 1st Lath.]

1. Any work of wood or metal, made by crossing laths, or thin strips, and forming a network; as, the lattice of a window; -- called also latticework.

The mother of Sisera looked out at a window, and cried through the lattice. Judg. v. 28.

2. (Her.) The representation of a piece of latticework used as a bearing, the bands being vertical and horizontal. Lattice bridge, a bridge supported by lattice girders, or latticework trusses. -- Lattice girder (Arch.), a girder of which the wed consists of diagonal pieces crossing each other in the manner of latticework. -- Lattice plant (Bot.), an aquatic plant of Madagascar (Ouvirandra fenestralis), whose leaves have interstices between their ribs and cross veins, so as to resemble latticework. A second species is O. Berneriana. The genus is merged in Aponogeton by recent authors.

Lattice

Lat"tice, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Latticed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Latticing (?).]

1. To make a lattice of; as, to lattice timbers.

2. To close, as an opening, with latticework; to furnish with a lattice; as, to lattice a window. To lattice up, to cover or inclose with a lattice.

Therein it seemeth he [Alexander] hath latticed up C\'91sar. Sir T. North.

Latticework

Lat"tice*work` (?), n. Same as Lattice, n., 1.

Latticing

Lat"ti*cing (?), n.

1. The act or process of making a lattice of, or of fitting a lattice to.

2. (Bridge Building) A system of bars crossing in the middle to form braces between principal longitudinal members, as of a strut.

Latus rectum

La"tus rec"tum (?). [L., the right side.] (Conic Sections) The line drawn through a focus of a conic section parallel to the directrix and terminated both ways by the curve. It is the parameter of the principal axis. See Focus, and Parameter.

Laud

Laud (?), n. [L. laus, laudis. See Laud, v. i.]

1. High commendation; praise; honor; exaltation; glory. "Laud be to God." Shak.

So do well and thou shalt have laud of the same. Tyndals.

2. A part of divine worship, consisting chiefly of praise; -- usually in the pl. &hand; In the Roman Catholic Church, the prayers used at daybreak, between those of matins and prime, are called lauds.

3. Music or singing in honor of any one.

Laud

Laud, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lauded; p. pr. & vb. n. Lauding.] [L.laudare, fr. laus, laudis, praise. Cf. Allow.] To praise in words alone, or with words and singing; to celebrate; to extol.
With all the company of heaven, we laud and magnify thy glorious name. Book of Common Prayer.

Laudability

Laud`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. laudabilitas.] Laudableness; praiseworthiness.

Laudable

Laud"a*ble (?), a. [L. laudabilis: cf. OE. laudable. See Laud, v. i.]

1. Worthy of being lauded; praiseworthy; commendable; as, laudable motives; laudable actions; laudable ambition.

2. (Med.) Healthy; salubrious; normal; having a disposition to promote healing; not noxious; as, laudable juices of the body; laudable pus. Arbuthnot.


Page 834

Laudableness

Laud"a*ble*ness (?), n. The quality of being laudable; praiseworthiness; commendableness.

Laudably

Laud"a*bly (?), adv. In a laudable manner.

Laudanine

Lau"da*nine (?), n. [From Laudanum.] (Chem.) A white organic base, resembling morphine, and obtained from certain varieties of opium.

Laudanum

Lau"da*num (?), n. [Orig. the same wort as ladanum, ladbdanum: cf. F. laudanum, It. laudano, ladano. See Ladanum.] Tincture of opium, used for various medical purposes. &hand; A fluid ounce of American laudanum should contain the soluble matter of one tenth of an ounce avoirdupois of powdered opium with equal parts of alcohol and water. English laudanum should have ten grains less of opium in the fluid ounce. U. S. Disp. Dutchman's laudanum (Bot.) See under Dutchman.

Laudation

Lau*da"tion (?), n. [L. laudatio: cf. OE. taudation. See Land, v. t.] The act of lauding; praise; high commendation.

Laudative

Laud"a*tive (?), a. [L. laudativus laudatory: cf. F. laudatif.] Laudatory.

Laudative

Laud"a*tive, n. A panegyric; a eulogy. [Obs.] Bacon.

Laudator

Lau*da"tor (?), n. [L.]

1. One who lauds.

2. (Law) An arbitrator. [Obs.] Cowell.

Laudatory

Laud"a*to*ry (?), a. [L. laudatorius: cf. OF. laudatoire.] Of or pertaining praise, or to the expression of praise; as, laudatory verses; the laudatory powers of Dryden. Sir J. Stephen.

Lauder

Laud"er (?), n. One who lauds.

Laugh

Laugh (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Laughed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Laughing.] [OE. laughen, laghen, lauhen, AS. hlehhan, hlihhan, hlyhhan, hliehhan; akin to OS. hlahan, D. & G.lachen, OHG. hlahhan, lahhan, lahh, Icel. hl\'91ja. Dan. lee, Sw. le, Goth. hlahjan; perh. of imitative origin.]

1. To show mirth, satisfaction, or derision, by peculiar movement of the muscles of the face, particularly of the mouth, causing a lighting up of the face and eyes, and usually accompanied by the emission of explosive or chuckling sounds from the chest and throat; to indulge in laughter.

Queen Hecuba laughed that her eyes ran o'er. Shak.
He laugheth that winneth. Heywood's Prov.

2. Fig.: To be or appear gay, cheerful, pleasant, mirthful, lively, or brilliant; to sparkle; to sport.

Then laughs the childish year, with flowerets crowned. Dryden.
In Folly's cup still laughs the bubble Joy. Pope.
To laugh at, to make an object of laughter or ridicule; to make fun of; to deride.
No wit to flatter left of all his store, No fool to laugh at, which he valued more. Pope.
-- To laugh in the sleeve<-- or to laugh up one's sleeve -->, to laugh secretly, or so as not to be observed, especially while apparently preserving a grave or serious demeanor toward the person or persons laughed at. -- To laugh out, to laugh in spite of some restraining influence; to laugh aloud. -- To laugh out of the other corner (∨ side) of the mouth, to weep or cry; to feel regret, vexation, or disappointment after hilarity or exaltation. [Slang]

Laugh

Laugh, v. t.

1. To affect or influence by means of laughter or ridicule.

Will you laugh me asleep, for I am very heavy? Shak.
I shall laugh myself to death. Shak.

2. To express by, or utter with, laughter; -- with out.

From his deep chest laughs out a loud applause. Shak.
To laugh away. (a) To drive away by laughter; as, to laugh away regret. (b) To waste in hilarity. "Pompey doth this day laugh away his fortune." Shak. -- To laugh down. (a) To cause to cease or desist by laughter; as, to laugh down a speaker. (b) To cause to be given up on account of ridicule; as, to laugh down a reform. -- To laugh one out of, to cause one by laughter or ridicule to abandon or give up; as, to laugh one out of a plan or purpose. -- To laugh to scorn, to deride; to treat with mockery, contempt, and scorn; to despise.

Laugh

Laugh (?), n. An expression of mirth peculiar to the human species; the sound heard in laughing; laughter. See Laugh, v. i.
And the loud laugh that spoke the vacant mind. Goldsmith.
That man is a bad man who has not within him the power of a hearty laugh. F. W. Robertson.

Laughable

Laugh"a*ble (?), a. Fitted to excite laughter; as, a laughable story; a laughable scene. Syn. -- Droll; ludicrous; mirthful; comical. See Droll, and Ludicrous. -- Laugh"a*ble*ness, n. -- Laugh"a*bly, adv.

Laugher

Laugh"er (?), n.

1. One who laughs.

2. A variety of the domestic pigeon.

Laughing

Laugh"ing (?), a. & n. from Laugh, v. i. Laughing falcon (Zo\'94l.), a South American hawk (Herpetotheres cachinnans); -- so called from its notes, which resemble a shrill laughing. -- Laughing gas (Chem.), hyponitrous oxide, or protoxide of nitrogen<-- = nitrous oxide -->; -- so called from the exhilaration and laughing which it sometimes produces when inhaled. It is much used as an an\'91sthetic agent.<-- now primarily in dentistry --> -- Laughing goose (Zo\'94l.), the European white-fronted goose. -- Laughing gull. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European gull (Xema ridibundus); -- called also pewit, black cap, red-legged gull, and sea crow. (b) An American gull (Larus atricilla). In summer the head is nearly black, the back slate color, and the five outer primaries black. -- Laughing hyena (Zo\'94l.), the spotted hyena. See Hyena. -- Laughing jackass (Zo\'94l.), the great brown kingfisher (Dacelo gigas), of Australia; -- called also giant kingfisher, and gogobera. -- Laughing owl (Zo\'94l.), a peculiar owl (Sceloglaux albifacies) of New Zealand, said to be on the verge of extinction. The name alludes to its notes.

Laughingly

Laugh"ing*ly (?), adv. With laughter or merriment.

Laughingstock

Laugh"ing*stock` (?), n. An object of ridicule; a butt of sport. Shak.
When he talked, he talked nonsense, and made himself the laughingstock of his hearers. Macaulay.

Laughsome

Laugh"some (?), a. Exciting laughter; also, addicted to laughter; merry. [R.]

Laughter

Laugh"ter (?), n. [AS. hleahtor; akin to OHG. hlahtar, G. gel\'84chter, Icel. hl\'betr, Dan. latter. See Laugh, v. i. ] A movement (usually involuntary) of the muscles of the face, particularly of the lips, with a peculiar expression of the eyes, indicating merriment, satisfaction, or derision, and usually attended by a sonorous and interrupted expulsion of air from the lungs. See Laugh, v. i.
The act of laughter, which is a sweet contraction of the muscles of the face, and a pleasant agitation of the vocal organs, is not merely, or totally within the jurisdiction of ourselves. Sir T. Browne.
Archly the maiden smiled, and with eyes overrunning with laughter. Longfellow.

Laughterless

Laugh"ter*less, a. Not laughing; without laughter.

Laughworthy

Laugh"wor`thy (?), a. Deserving to be laughed at. [R.] B. Jonson.

Laumontite

Lau"mont*ite (?), n. [From Dr. Laumont, the discoverer.] (Min.) A mineral, of a white color and vitreous luster. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime. Exposed to the air, it loses water, becomes opaque, and crumbles. [Written also laumonite.]

Launce

Launce (?), n. A lance. [Obs.]

Launce

Launce, n. [It. lance, L. lanx, lancis, plate, scale of a balance. Cf. Balance.] A balance. [Obs.]
Fortune all in equal launce doth sway. Spenser.

Launce

Launce, n. (Zo\'94l.) See Lant, the fish.

Launcegaye

Launce"gaye` (?), n. See Langegaye. [Obs.]

Launch

Launch (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Launched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Launching.] [OE. launchen to throw as a lance, OF. lanchier, another form of lancier, F. lancer, fr. lance lance. See Lance.] [Written also lanch.]

1. To throw, as a lance or dart; to hurl; to let fly.

2. To strike with, or as with, a lance; to pierce. [Obs.]

Launch your hearts with lamentable wounds. Spenser.

3. To cause to move or slide from the land into the water; to set afloat; as, to launch a ship.

With stays and cordage last he rigged the ship, And rolled on levers, launched her in the deep. Pope.

4. To send out; to start (one) on a career; to set going; to give a start to (something); to put in operation; as, to launch a son in the world; to launch a business project or enterprise.

All art is used to sink episcopacy, and launch presbytery in England. Eikon Basilike.

Launch

Launch, v. i. To move with force and swiftness like a sliding from the stocks into the water; to plunge; to make a beginning; as, to launch into the current of a stream; to launch into an argument or discussion; to launch into lavish expenditures; -- often with out.
Launch out into the deep, and let down your nets for a draught. Luke v. 4.
He [Spenser] launches out into very flowery paths. Prior.

Launch

Launch, n.

1. The act of launching.

2. The movement of a vessel from land into the water; especially, the sliding on ways from the stocks on which it is built.

3. [Cf. Sp. lancha.] (Naut.) The boat of the largest size belonging to a ship of war; also, an open boat of any size driven by steam, naphtha, electricity, or the like. Launching ways. (Naut.) See Way, n. (Naut.).

Laund

Laund (l&add;nd), n. [See Lawn of grass.] A plain sprinkled with trees or underbrush; a glade. [Obs.]
In a laund upon an hill of flowers. Chaucer.
Through this laund anon the deer will come. Shak.

Launder

Laun"der (?), n. [Contracted fr. OE. lavender, F. lavandi\'8are, LL. lavandena, from L. lavare to wash. See Lave.]

1. A washerwoman. [Obs.]

2. (Mining) A trough used by miners to receive the powdered ore from the box where it is beaten, or for carrying water to the stamps, or other apparatus, for comminuting, or sorting, the ore.

Launder

Laun"der, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Laundered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Laundering.]

1. To wash, as clothes; to wash, and to smooth with a flatiron or mangle; to wash and iron; as, to launder shirts.

2. To lave; to wet. [Obs.] Shak.

Launderer

Laun"der*er (?), n. One who follows the business of laundering.

Laundering

Laun"der*ing, n. The act, or occupation, of one who launders; washing and ironing.

Laundress

Laun"dress (?), n. A woman whose employment is laundering.

Laundress

Laun"dress, v. i. To act as a laundress.[Obs.]

Laundry

Laun"dry (?), n.; pl. Laundries (#). [OE. lavendrie, OF. lavanderie. See Launder.]

1. A laundering; a washing.

2. A place or room where laundering is done.

Laundryman

Laun"dry*man (?), n.; pl. Laundrymen (. A man who follows the business of laundering.

Laura

Lau"ra (?), n. [LL., fr. Gr. ( (R. C. Ch.) A number of hermitages or cells in the same neighborhood occupied by anchorites who were under the same superior. C. Kingsley.

Lauraceous

Lau*ra"ceous (?), a. [From Laurus.] (Bot.) Belonging to, or resembling, a natural order (Laurace\'91) of trees and shrubs having aromatic bark and foliage, and including the laurel, sassafras, cinnamon tree, true camphor tree, etc.

Laurate

Lau"rate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of lauric acid.

Laureate

Lau"re*ate (?), a. [L. laureatus, fr. laurea laurel tree, fr. laureus of laurel, fr. laurus laurel: cf. F. laur\'82at. Cf. Laurel.] Crowned, or decked, with laurel. Chaucer.
To strew the laureate hearse where Lycid lies. Milton.
Soft on her lap her laureate son reclines. Pope.
Poet laureate. (b) One who received an honorable degree in grammar, including poetry and rhetoric, at the English universities; -- so called as being presented with a wreath of laurel. [Obs.] (b) Formerly, an officer of the king's household, whose business was to compose an ode annually for the king's birthday, and other suitable occasions; now, a poet officially distinguished by such honorary title, the office being a sinecure. It is said this title was first given in the time of Edward IV. [Eng.]

Laureate

Lau"re*ate, n. One crowned with laurel; a poet laureate. "A learned laureate." Cleveland.

Laureate

Lau"re*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Laureated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Laureating (?).] To honor with a wreath of laurel, as formerly was done in bestowing a degree at the English universities.

Laureateship

Lau"re*ate*ship, n. State, or office, of a laureate.

Laureation

Lau`re*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. laur\'82ation.] The act of crowning with laurel; the act of conferring an academic degree, or honorary title.

Laurel

Lau"rel (?), n. [OE. lorel, laurer, lorer, OF. lorier, laurier, F. laurier, (assumed) LL. Laurarius, fr. L. laurus.]

1. (Bot.) An evergreen shrub, of the genus Laurus (L. nobilis), having aromatic leaves of a lanceolate shape, with clusters of small, yellowish white flowers in their axils; -- called also sweet bay. The fruit is a purple berry. It is found about the Mediterranean, and was early used by the ancient Greeks to crown the victor in the games of Apollo. At a later period, academic honors were indicated by a crown of laurel, with the fruit. The leaves and tree yield an aromatic oil, used to flavor the bay water of commerce. &hand; The name is extended to other plants which in some respect resemble the true laurel. See Phrases, below.

2. A crown of laurel; hence, honor; distinction; fame; -- especially in the plural; as, to win laurels.

3. An English gold coin made in 1619, and so called because the king's head on it was crowned with laurel. Laurel water, water distilled from the fresh leaves of the cherry laurel, and containing prussic acid and other products carried over in the process. American laurel, ∨ Mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia. See under Mountain. -- California laurel, Umbellularia Californica. -- Cherry laurel (in England called laurel). See under Cherry. -- Great laurel, the rosebay (Rhododendron maximum). -- Ground laurel, trailing arbutus. -- New Zealand laurel, Laurelia Nov\'91 Zelandi\'91. -- Portugal laurel, the Prunus Lusitanica. -- Rose laurel, the oleander. See Oleander. -- Sheep laurel, a poisonous shrub, Kalmia angustifolia, smaller than the mountain laurel, and with smaller and redder flowers. -- Spurge laurel, Daphne Laureola. -- West Indian laurel, Prunus occidentalis.

Laureled

Lau"reled (?), a. Crowned with laurel, or with a laurel wreath; laureate. [Written also laurelled.]

Laurentian

Lau*ren"tian (?), a. Pertaining to, or near, the St. Lawrence River; as, the Laurentian hills. Laurentian period (Geol.), the lower of the two divisions of the Arch\'91an age; -- called also the Laurentian.

Laurer

Lau"rer (?), n. Laurel. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Laurestine

Lau"res*tine (?), n. [NL. lautus tinus, fr. L. laurus the laurel + tinus laurestine. See Laurel.] (Bot.) The Viburnum Tinus, an evergreen shrub or tree of the south of Europe, which flowers during the winter mouths. [Written also laurustine and laurestina.]

Lauric

Lau"ric (?), a. Pertaining to, or derived from, the European bay or laurel (Laurus nobilis). Lauric acid (Chem.), a white, crystalline substance, C12H24O2, resembling palmitic acid, and obtained from the fruit of the bay tree, and other sources. <-- CH3(CH2)10COOH = dodecanoic acid, laurostearic acid, dodecoic acid. Obtained from various vegetable sources. Sodium salt used as a detergent. -->

Lauriferous

Lau*rif"er*ous (?), a. [L. laurifer; laurus + ferre to bear.] Producing, or bringing, laurel.

Laurin

Lau"rin (?), n. [Cf. F. laurine.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance extracted from the fruit of the bay (Laurus nobilis), and consisting of a complex mixture of glycerin ethers of several organic acids.

Laurinol

Lau"ri*nol (?), n. [Laurin + -ol.] (Chem.) Ordinary camphor; -- so called in allusion to the family name (Laurace\'91) of the camphor trees. See Camphor.

Lauriol

Lau"ri*ol (?), n. Spurge laurel. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Laurite

Lau"rite (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Min.) A rare sulphide of osmium and ruthenium found with platinum in Borneo and Oregon.

Laurone

Lau"rone (?), n. [Lauric + -one.] (Chem.) The ketone of lauric acid.

Laurus

Lau"rus (?), n. [L., laurel.] (Bot.) A genus of trees including, according to modern authors, only the true laurel (Laurus nobilis), and the larger L. Canariensis of Madeira and the Canary Islands. Formerly the sassafras, the camphor tree, the cinnamon tree, and several other aromatic trees and shrubs, were also referred to the genus Laurus.

Laus

Laus (?), a. Loose. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lava

La"va (?), n. [It. lava lava, orig. in Naples, a torrent of rain overflowing the streets, fr. It. & L. lavare to wash. See Lave.] The melted rock ejected by a volcano from its top or fissured sides. It flows out in streams sometimes miles in length. It also issues from fissures in the earth's surface, and forms beds covering many square miles, as in the Northwestern United States. &hand; Lavas are classed, according to their structure, as scoriaceous or cellular, glassy, stony, etc., and according to the material of which they consist, as doleritic, trachytic, etc. Lava millstone, a hard and coarse basaltic millstone from the neighborhood of the Rhine. -- Lava ware, a kind of cheap pottery made of iron slag cast into tiles, urns, table tops, etc., resembling lava in appearance.

Lavaret

Lav"a*ret (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) A European whitefish (Coregonus laveretus), found in the mountain lakes of Sweden, Germany, and Switzerland.
Page 835

Lavatic

La*vat"ic (?), a. Like lava, or composed of lava; lavic.

Lavation

La*va"tion (?), n. [L. lavatio: cf. OF. lavation.] A washing or cleansing. [Obs. or R.]

Lavatory

Lav"a*to*ry (?), a. Washing, or cleansing by washing.

Lavatory

Lav"a*to*ry, n.; pl. Lavatories (#). [L. lavatorium: cf. lavatoire. See Lave to wash, and cf. Laver.]

1. A place for washing.

2. A basin or other vessel for washing in.

3. A wash or lotion for a diseased part.

4. A place where gold is obtained by washing. <-- 5. a room containing one or more sinks for washing, as well as one or more toilets (fixtures). also bathroom, toilet, and sometimes commode. Commode may refer to a room with a toilet (fixture) but without a sink. Toilet may refer to a small room with only a toilet fixture. -->

Lavature

Lav"a*ture (?; 135), n. A wash or lotion. [Obs.]

Lave

Lave (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Laved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Laving.] [F. laver, L. lavare, akin to luere to wash, Gr. Ablution, Deluge, Lavender, Lava, Lotion.] To wash; to bathe; as, to lave a bruise.
His feet the foremost breakers lave. Byron.

Lave

Lave, v. i. To bathe; to wash one's self.
In her chaste current oft the goddess laves. Pope.

Lave

Lave, v. t. [OE. laven. See Lavish.] To lade, dip, or pour out. [Obs.] Dryden.

Lave

Lave, n. [AS. l\'bef the remainder, what is left. Leave.] The remainder; others. [Scot.] Bp. Hall.

Lave-eared

Lave"-eared` (?), a. [Cf. W. llaf that extends round, llipa flaccid, flapping, G. lapp flabby, lappohr flap ear.] Having large, pendent ears. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Laveer

La*veer" (?), v. i. [D. laveren.] (Naut.) To beat against the wind; to tack. [Obs.] Dryden.

Lavement

Lave"ment (?), n. [F. lavement, fr. laver to wash.] A washing or bathing; also, a clyster.

Lavender

Lav"en*der (?), n. [OE. lavendre, F. lavande, It. lavanda lavender, a washing, fr. L. lavare to wash; cf. It. lsavendola, LL. lavendula. So called because it was used in bathing and washing. See Lave. to wash, and cf. Lavender.]

1. (Bot.) An aromatic plant of the genus Lavandula (L. vera), common in the south of Europe. It yields and oil used in medicine and perfumery. The Spike lavender (L. Spica) yields a coarser oil (oil of spike), used in the arts.

2. The pale, purplish color of lavender flowers, paler and more delicate than lilac. Lavender cotton (Bot.), a low, twiggy, aromatic shrub (Santolina Cham\'91cyparissus) of the Mediterranean region, formerly used as a vermifuge, etc., and still used to keep moths from wardrobes. Also called ground cypress. -- Lavender water, a perfume composed of alcohol, essential oil of lavender, essential oil of bergamot, and essence of ambergris. -- Sea lavender. (Bot.) See Marsh rosemary. -- To lay in lavender. (a) To lay away, as clothing, with sprigs of lavender. (b) To pawn. [Obs.]

Laver

Lav"er (?), n. [OE. lavour, F. lavoir, L. lavatorium a washing place. See Lavatory.]

1. A vessel for washing; a large basin.

2. (Script. Hist.) (a) A large brazen vessel placed in the court of the Jewish tabernacle where the officiating priests washed their hands and feet. (b) One of several vessels in Solomon's Temple in which the offerings for burnt sacrifices were washed.

3. That which washes or cleanses. J. H. Newman.

Laver

Lav"er, n. [From Lave to wash.] One who laves; a washer. [Obs.]

Laver

La"ver (?), n. The fronds of certain marine alg\'91 used as food, and for making a sauce called laver sauce. Green laver is the Ulva latissima; purlpe laver, Porphyra laciniata and P. vulgaris. It is prepared by stewing, either alone or with other vegetables, and with various condiments; -- called also sloke, or sloakan. Mountain laver (Bot.), a reddish gelatinous alga of the genus Palmella, found on the sides of mountains

Laverock

La"ver*ock (?), n. [See Lark the bird.] The lark. [Old Eng. & Scot.] [Written also lavrock.] Gower.

Lavic

La"vic (?), a. See Lavatic.

Lavish

Lav"ish (?), a. [Akin to E. lave to lade out; cf. AS. gelafian to refresh, G. laben.]

1. Expending or bestowing profusely; profuse; prodigal; as, lavish of money; lavish of praise.

2. Superabundant; excessive; as, lavish spirits.

Let her have needful, but not lavish, means. Shak.
Syn. -- Profuse; prodigal; wasteful; extravagant; exuberant; immoderate. See Profuse.

Lavish

Lav"ish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lavished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lavishing.] To expend or bestow with profusion; to use with prodigality; to squander; as, to lavish money or praise.

Lavisher

Lav"ish*er (?), n. One who lavishes.

Lavishly

Lav"ish*ly, adv. In a lavish manner.

Lavishment

Lav"ish*ment (?), n. The act of lavishing.

Lavishness

Lav"ish*ness, n. The quality or state of being lavish.

Lav La*v (?), n. [NL., fr. Lavoisier, the celebrated French chemist.] (Chem.) A supposed new metallic element. It is said to have been discovered in pyrites, and some other minerals, and to be of a silver-white color, and malleable.

Lavolt, Lavolta

La*volt" (?), La*vol"ta (?), n. [It.la volta the turn, turning, whirl. Cf. Volt of a horse, Volta.] An old dance, for two persons, being a kind of waltz, in which the woman made a high spring or bound. Shak.

Lavoltateer

La*vol`ta*teer" (?), n. A dancer of the lavolta.

Lavour

Lav"our (?), n. A laver. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lavrock

La"vrock (?), n. Same as Laverock.

Law

Law (?), n. [OE. lawe, laghe, AS. lagu, from the root of E. lie: akin to OS. lag, Icel. l\'94g, Sw. lag, Dan. lov; cf. L. lex, E. legal. A law is that which is laid, set, or fixed; like statute, fr. L. statuere to make to stand. See Lie to be prostrate.]

1. In general, a rule of being or of conduct, established by an authority able to enforce its will; a controlling regulation; the mode or order according to which an agent or a power acts. &hand; A law may be universal or particular, written or unwritten, published or secret. From the nature of the highest laws a degree of permanency or stability is always implied; but the power which makes a law, or a superior power, may annul or change it.

These are the statutes and judgments and law, which the Lord made. Lev. xxvi. 46.
The law of thy God, and the law of the King. Ezra vii. 26.
As if they would confine the Interminable . . . Who made our laws to bind us, not himself. Milton.
His mind his kingdom, and his will his law. Cowper.

2. In morals: The will of God as the rule for the disposition and conduct of all responsible beings toward him and toward each other; a rule of living, conformable to righteousness; the rule of action as obligatory on the conscience or moral nature.

3. The Jewish or Mosaic code, and that part of Scripture where it is written, in distinction from the gospel; hence, also, the Old Testament.

What things soever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law . . . But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets. Rom. iii. 19, 21.

4. In human government: (a) An organic rule, as a constitution or charter, establishing and defining the conditions of the existence of a state or other organized community. (b) Any edict, decree, order, ordinance, statute, resolution, judicial, decision, usage, etc., or recognized, and enforced, by the controlling authority.

5. In philosophy and physics: A rule of being, operation, or change, so certain and constant that it is conceived of as imposed by the will of God or by some controlling authority; as, the law of gravitation; the laws of motion; the law heredity; the laws of thought; the laws of cause and effect; law of self-preservation.

6. In matematics: The rule according to which anything, as the change of value of a variable, or the value of the terms of a series, proceeds; mode or order of sequence.

7. In arts, works, games, etc.: The rules of construction, or of procedure, conforming to the conditions of success; a principle, maxim; or usage; as, the laws of poetry, of architecture, of courtesy, or of whist.

8. Collectively, the whole body of rules relating to one subject, or emanating from one source; -- including usually the writings pertaining to them, and judicial proceedings under them; as, divine law; English law; Roman law; the law of real property; insurance law.

9. Legal science; jurisprudence; the principles of equity; applied justice.

Reason is the life of the law; nay, the common law itself is nothing else but reason. Coke.
Law is beneficence acting by rule. Burke.
And sovereign Law, that state's collected will O'er thrones and globes elate, Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill. Sir W. Jones.

10. Trial by the laws of the land; judicial remedy; litigation; as, to go law.

When every case in law is right. Shak.
He found law dear and left it cheap. Brougham.

11. An oath, as in the presence of a court. [Obs.] See Wager of law, under Wager. Avogadro's law (Chem.), a fundamental conception, according to which, under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, all gases and vapors contain in the same volume the same number of ultimate molecules; -- so named after Avogadro, an Italian scientist. Sometimes called Amp\'8are's law. -- Bode's law (Astron.), an approximative empirical expression of the distances of the planets from the sun, as follows: -- Mer. Ven. Earth. Mars. Aste. Jup. Sat. Uran. Nep. 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 0 3 6 12 24 48 96 192 384-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- --- 4 7 10 16 28 52 100 196 388 5.9 7.3 10 15.2 27.4 52 95.4 192 300
where each distance (line third) is the sum of 4 and a multiple of 3 by the series 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, etc., the true distances being given in the lower line.
-- Boyle's law (Physics), an expression of the fact, that when an elastic fluid is subjected to compression, and kept at a constant temperature, the product of the pressure and volume is a constant quantity, i. e., the volume is inversely proportioned to the pressure; -- known also as Mariotte's law, and the law of Boyle and Mariotte. -- Brehon laws. See under Brehon. -- Canon law, the body of ecclesiastical law adopted in the Christian Church, certain portions of which (for example, the law of marriage as existing before the Council of Tent) were brought to America by the English colonists as part of the common law of the land. Wharton. -- Civil law, a term used by writers to designate Roman law, with modifications thereof which have been made in the different countries into which that law has been introduced. The civil law, instead of the common law, prevails in the State of Louisiana. Wharton. -- Commercial law. See Law merchant (below). -- Common law. See under Common. -- Criminal law, that branch of jurisprudence which relates to crimes. -- Ecclesiastical law. See under Ecclesiastical. -- Grimm's law (Philol.), a statement (propounded by the German philologist Jacob Grimm) of certain regular changes which the primitive Indo-European mute consonants, so-called (most plainly seen in Sanskrit and, with some changes, in Greek and Latin), have undergone in the Teutonic languages. Examples: Skr. bh\'betr, L. frater, E. brother, G. bruder; L. tres, E. three, G. drei, Skr. go, E. cow, G. kuh; Skr. dh\'be to put, Gr. ti-qe`-nai, E. do, OHG, tuon, G. thun. -- Kepler's laws (Astron.), three important laws or expressions of the order of the planetary motions, discovered by John Kepler. They are these: (1) The orbit of a planet with respect to the sun is an ellipse, the sun being in one of the foci. (2) The areas swept over by a vector drawn from the sun to a planet are proportioned to the times of describing them. (3) The squares of the times of revolution of two planets are in the ratio of the cubes of their mean distances. -- Law binding, a plain style of leather binding, used for law books; -- called also law calf. -- Law book, a book containing, or treating of, laws. -- Law calf. See Law binding (above). -- Law day. (a) Formerly, a day of holding court, esp. a court-leet. (b) The day named in a mortgage for the payment of the money to secure which it was given. [U. S.] -- Law French, the dialect of Norman, which was used in judicial proceedings and law books in England from the days of William the Conqueror to the thirty-sixth year of Edward III. -- Law language, the language used in legal writings and forms. -- Law Latin. See under Latin. -- Law lords, peers in the British Parliament who have held high judicial office, or have been noted in the legal profession. -- Law merchant, ∨ Commercial law, a system of rules by which trade and commerce are regulated; -- deduced from the custom of merchants, and regulated by judicial decisions, as also by enactments of legislatures.<-- now in most state superseded by the Uniform Commercial Code --> -- Law of Charles (Physics), the law that the volume of a given mass of gas increases or decreases, by a definite fraction of its value for a given rise or fall of temperature; -- sometimes less correctly styled Gay Lussac's law, or Dalton's law. -- Law of nations. See International law, under International. -- Law of nature. (a) A broad generalization expressive of the constant action, or effect, of natural conditions; as, death is a law of nature; self-defense is a law of nature. See Law, 4. (b) A term denoting the standard, or system, of morality deducible from a study of the nature and natural relations of human beings independent of supernatural revelation or of municipal and social usages. -- Law of the land, due process of law; the general law of the land. -- Laws of honor. See under Honor. -- Laws of motion (Physics), three laws defined by Sir Isaac Newton: (1) Every body perseveres in its state of rest or of moving uniformly in a straight line, except so far as it is made to change that state by external force. (2) Change of motion is proportional to the impressed force, and takes place in the direction in which the force is impressed. (3) Reaction is always equal and opposite to action, that is to say, the actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal and in opposite directions. -- Marine law, ∨ Maritime law, the law of the sea; a branch of the law merchant relating to the affairs of the sea, such as seamen, ships, shipping, navigation, and the like. Bouvier. -- Mariotte's law. See Boyle's law (above). -- Martial law.See under Martial. -- Military law, a branch of the general municipal law, consisting of rules ordained for the government of the military force of a state in peace and war, and administered in courts martial. Kent. Warren's Blackstone. -- Moral law,the law of duty as regards what is right and wrong in the sight of God; specifically, the ten commandments given by Moses. See Law, 2. -- Mosaic, ∨ Ceremonial, law. (Script.) See Law, 3. -- Municipal, ∨ Positive, law, a rule prescribed by the supreme power of a state, declaring some right, enforcing some duty, or prohibiting some act; -- distinguished from international and constitutional law. See Law, 1. -- Periodic law. (Chem.) See under Periodic. -- Roman law, the system of principles and laws found in the codes and treatises of the lawmakers and jurists of ancient Rome, and incorporated more or less into the laws of the several European countries and colonies founded by them. See Civil law (above). -- Statute law, the law as stated in statutes or positive enactments of the legislative body. -- Sumptuary law. See under Sumptuary. -- To go to law, to seek a settlement of any matter by bringing it before the courts of law; to sue or prosecute some one. -- To take, ∨ have, the law of, to bring the law to bear upon; as, to take the law of one's neighbor. Addison. -- Wager of law. See under Wager.
Syn. -- Justice; equity. -- Law, Statute, Common law, Regulation, Edict, Decree. Law is generic, and, when used with reference to, or in connection with, the other words here considered, denotes whatever is commanded by one who has a right to require obedience. A statute is a particular law drawn out in form, and distinctly enacted and proclaimed. Common law is a rule of action founded on long usage and the decisions of courts of justice. A regulation is a limited and often, temporary law, intended to secure some particular end or object. An edict is a command or law issued by a sovereign, and is peculiar to a despotic government. A decree is a permanent order either of a court or of the executive government. See Justice.

Law

Law (?), v. t. Same as Lawe, v. t. [Obs.]

Law

Law, interj. [Cf. La.] An exclamation of mild surprise. [Archaic or Low]

Law-abiding

Law"-a*bid`ing (?), a. Abiding the law; waiting for the operation of law for the enforcement of rights; also, abiding by the law; obedient to the law; as, law-abiding people.

Lawbreaker

Law"break`er (?), n. One who disobeys the law; a criminal. -- Law"break`ing, n. & a.

Lawe

Lawe (?), v. t. [See 2d Lawing.] To cut off the claws and balls of, as of a dog's fore feet. Wright.

Lawer

Law"er (?), n. A lawyer. [Obs.] Bale.

Lawful

Law"ful (?), a.

1. Conformable to law; allowed by law; legitimate; competent.

2. Constituted or authorized by law; rightful; as, the lawful owner of lands. Lawful age, the age when the law recognizes one's right of independent action; majority; -- generally the age of twenty-one years.<-- = legal age --> &hand; In some of the States, and for some purposes, a woman attains lawful age at eighteen. Abbott. Syn. -- Legal; constitutional; allowable; regular; rightful. -- Lawful, Legal. Lawful means conformable to the principle, spirit, or essence of the law, and is applicable to moral as well as juridical law. Legal means conformable to the letter or rules of the law as it is administered in the courts; conformable to juridical law. Legal is often used as antithetical to equitable, but lawful is seldom used in that sense. -- Law"ful*ly, adv. -- Law"ful*ness, n.

Lawgiver

Law"giv`er (?), n. One who makes or enacts a law or system of laws; a legislator.

Lawgiving

Law"giv`ing, a. Enacting laws; legislative.

Lawing

Law"ing, n. Going to law; litigation. Holinshed.

Lawing

Law"ing, n. [So called because done in compliance with an English forest law.] Expeditation. Blackstone.

Lawless

Law"less, a.

1. Contrary to, or unauthorized by, law; illegal; as, a lawless claim.

He needs no indirect nor lawless course. Shak.

2. Not subject to, or restrained by, the law of morality or of society; as, lawless men or behavior.

3. Not subject to the laws of nature; uncontrolled.

Or, meteorlike, flame lawless through the void. Pope.
-- Law"less*ly, adv. -- Law"less*ness, n.

Lawmaker

Law"mak`er (?), n. A legislator; a lawgiver.
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Lammaking

Lam"mak`ing (?), a. Enacting laws; legislative. -- n. The enacting of laws; legislation.

Lawmonger

Law"mon`ger (?), n. A trader in law; one who practices law as if it were a trade. Milton.

Lawn

Lawn (?), n. [OE. laund, launde, F. lande heath, moor; of Celtic origin; cf. W. llan an open, clear place, llawnt a smooth rising hill, lawn, Armor. lann or lan territory, country, lann a prickly plant, pl. lannou heath, moor.]

1. An open space between woods. Milton.

"Orchard lawns and bowery hollows." Tennyson.

2. Ground (generally in front of or around a house) covered with grass kept closely mown. Lawn mower, a machine for clipping the short grass of lawns. -- Lawn tennis, a variety of the game of tennis, played in the open air, sometimes upon a lawn, instead of in a tennis court. See Tennis.

Lawm

Lawm, n. [Earlier laune lynen, i. e., lawn linen; prob. from the town Laon in France.] A very fine linen (or sometimes cotton) fabric with a rather open texture. Lawn is used for the sleeves of a bishop's official dress in the English Church, and, figuratively, stands for the office itself.
A saint in crape is twice in lawn. Pope.

Lawnd

Lawnd (?), n. [Obs.] See Laund.

Lawny

Lawn"y (?), a. Having a lawn; characterized by a lawn or by lawns; like a lawn.
Musing through the lawny park. T. Warton.

Lawny

Lawn"y, a. Made of lawn or fine linen. Bp. Hall.

Lawsonia

Law*so"ni*a (?), n. (Bot.) An Asiatic and North African shrub (Lawsonia inermis), with smooth oval leaves, and fragrant white flowers. Henna is prepared from the leaves and twigs. In England the shrub is called Egyptian privet, and in the West Indies, Jamaica mignonette.

Lawsuit

Law"suit` (?), n. An action at law; a suit in equity or admiralty; any legal proceeding before a court for the enforcement of a claim.

Lawyer

Law"yer (?), n. [From Law, like bowyer, fr.bow.]

1. One versed in the laws, or a practitioner of law; one whose profession is to conduct lawsuits for clients, or to advise as to prosecution or defence of lawsuits, or as to legal rights and obligations in other matters. It is a general term, comprehending attorneys, counselors, solicitors, barristers, sergeants, and advocates.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The black-necked stilt. See Stilt. (b) The bowfin (Amia calva). (c) The burbot (Lota maculosa).

Lawyerlike, Lawyerly

Law"yer*like` (?), Law"yer*ly (?), a. Like, or becoming, a lawyer; as, lawyerlike sagacity. "Lawyerly mooting of this point." Milton.

Lax

Lax (?), a. [Compar. Laxer (?); superl. Laxest.] [L. laxus Cf. Laches, Languish, Lease, v. t., Leash.]

1. Not tense, firm, or rigid; loose; slack; as, a lax bandage; lax fiber.

The flesh of that sort of fish being lax and spongy. Ray.

2. Not strict or stringent; not exact; loose; weak; vague; equivocal.

The discipline was lax. Macaulay.
Society at that epoch was lenient, if not lax, in matters of the passions. J. A. Symonds.
The word "\'91ternus" itself is sometimes of a lax signification. Jortin.

3. Having a looseness of the bowels; diarrheal. Syn. -- Loose; slack; vague; unconfined; unrestrained; dissolute; licentious.

Lax

Lax, n. A looseness; diarrhea.

Laxation

Lax*a"tion (?), n. [L. laxatio, fr. laxare to loosen, fr. laxus loose, slack.] The act of loosening or slackening, or the state of being loosened or slackened.

Laxative

Lax"a*tive (?), a. [L. laxativus mitigating, assuaging: cf. F. laxatif. See Lax, a.]

1. Having a tendency to loosen or relax. Milton.

2. (Med.) Having the effect of loosening or opening the intestines, and relieving from constipation; -- opposed to astringent. -- n. (Med.) A laxative medicine. See the Note under Cathartic.

Laxativeness

Lax"a*tive*ness, n. The quality of being laxative.

Laxator

Lax*a"tor (?), n. [NL., fr. L. laxare, laxatum, to loosen.] (Anat.) That which loosens; -- esp., a muscle which by its contraction loosens some part.

Laxi-ty

Lax"i-ty (?), n. [L. laxitas, fr. laxus loose, slack: cf. F. laxit\'82, See Lax, a.] The state or quality of being lax; want of tenseness, strictness, or exactness.

Laxly

Lax"ly, adv. In a lax manner.

Laxness

Lax"ness, n. The state of being lax; laxity.

Lay

Lay (?), imp. of Lie, to recline.

Lay

Lay, a. [F. lai, L. laicus, Gr. Laic.]

1. Of or pertaining to the laity, as distinct from the clergy; as, a lay person; a lay preacher; a lay brother.

2. Not educated or cultivated; ignorant.[Obs.]

3. Not belonging to, or emanating from, a particular profession; unprofessional; as, a lay opinion regarding the nature of a disease. Lay baptism (Eccl.), baptism administered by a lay person. F. G. Lee. -- Lay brother (R. C. Ch.), one received into a convent of monks under the three vows, but not in holy orders. -- Lay clerk (Eccl.), a layman who leads the responses of the congregation, etc., in the church service. Hook. -- Lay days (Com.), time allowed in a charter party for taking in and discharging cargo. McElrath. -- Lay elder. See 2d Elder, 3, note.

Lay

Lay (?), n. The laity; the common people. [Obs.]
The learned have no more privilege than the lay. B. Jonson.

Lay

Lay, n. A meadow. See Lea. [Obs.] Dryden.

Lay

Lay, n. [OF.lei faith, law, F. loi law. See Legal.]

1. Faith; creed; religious profession. [Obs.]

Of the sect to which that he was born He kept his lay, to which that he was sworn. Chaucer.

2. A law. [Obs.] "Many goodly lays." Spenser.

3. An obligation; a vow. [Obs.]

They bound themselves by a sacred lay and oath. Holland.

Lay

Lay (?), a. [OF. lai, lais, prob. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. laoi, laoidh, song, poem, OIr.laoidh poem, verse; but cf. also AS. l\'bec play, sport, G. leich a sort of poem (cf. Lake to sport).

1. A song; a simple lyrical poem; a ballad. Spenser. Sir W. Scott.

2. A melody; any musical utterance.

The throstle cock made eke his lay. Chaucer.

Lay

Lay (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Laid (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Laying.] [OE. leggen, AS. lecgan, causative, fr. licgan to lie; akin to D.leggen, G. legen, Icel. leggja, Goth. lagjan. See Lie to be prostrate.]

1. To cause to lie down, to be prostrate, or to lie against something; to put or set down; to deposit; as, to lay a book on the table; to lay a body in the grave; a shower lays the dust.

A stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den. Dan. vi. 17.
Soft on the flowery herb I found me laid. Milton.

2. To place in position; to establish firmly; to arrange with regularity; to dispose in ranks or tiers; as, to lay a corner stone; to lay bricks in a wall; to lay the covers on a table.

3. To prepare; to make ready; to contrive; to provide; as, to lay a snare, an ambush, or a plan.

4. To spread on a surface; as, to lay plaster or paint.

5. To cause to be still; to calm; to allay; to suppress; to exorcise, as an evil spirit.

After a tempest when the winds are laid. Waller.

6. To cause to lie dead or dying.

Brave C\'91neus laid Ortygius on the plain, The victor C\'91neus was by Turnus slain. Dryden.

7. To deposit, as a wager; to stake; to risk.

I dare lay mine honor He will remain so. Shak.

8. To bring forth and deposit; as, to lay eggs.

9. To apply; to put.

She layeth her hands to the spindle. Prov. xxxi. 19.

10. To impose, as a burden, suffering, or punishment; to assess, as a tax; as, to lay a tax on land.

The Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. Is. Iiii. 6.

11. To impute; to charge; to allege.

God layeth not folly to them. Job xxiv. 12.
Lay the fault on us. Shak.

12. To impose, as a command or a duty; as, to lay commands on one.

13. To present or offer; as, to lay an indictment in a particular county; to lay a scheme before one.

14. (Law) To state; to allege; as, to lay the venue. Bouvier.

15. (Mil.) To point; to aim; as, to lay a gun.

16. (Rope Making) To put the strands of (a rope, a cable, etc.) in their proper places and twist or unite them; as, to lay a cable or rope.

17. (Print.) (a) To place and arrange (pages) for a form upon the imposing stone. (b) To place (new type) properly in the cases. To lay asleep, to put sleep; to make unobservant or careless. Bacon. -- To lay bare, to make bare; to strip.

And laid those proud roofs bare to summer's rain. Byron.
-- To lay before, to present to; to submit for consideration; as, the papers are laid before Congress. -- To lay by. (a) To save. (b) To discard.
Let brave spirits . . . not be laid by. Bacon.
-- To lay by the heels, to put in the stocks. Shak. -- To lay down. (a) To stake as a wager. (b) To yield; to relinquish; to surrender; as, to lay down one's life; to lay down one's arms. (c) To assert or advance, as a proposition or principle. -- To lay forth. (a) To extend at length; (reflexively) to exert one's self; to expatiate. [Obs.] (b) To lay out (as a corpse). [Obs.] Shak. -- To lay hands on, to seize. -- To lay hands on one's self, or To lay violent hands on one's self, to injure one's self; specif., to commit suicide. -- To lay heads together, to consult. -- To lay hold of, ∨ To lay hold on, to seize; to catch. -- To lay in, to store; to provide. -- To lay it on, to apply without stint. Shak. -- To lay on, to apply with force; to inflict; as, to lay on blows. -- To lay on load, to lay on blows; to strike violently. [Obs. ∨ Archaic] -- To lay one's self out, to strive earnestly.
No selfish man will be concerned to lay out himself for the good of his country. Smalridge.
-- To lay one's self open to, to expose one's self to, as to an accusation. -- To lay open, to open; to uncover; to expose; to reveal. -- To lay over, to spread over; to cover. -- To lay out. (a) To expend. Macaulay. (b) To display; to discover. (c) To plan in detail; to arrange; as, to lay out a garden. (d) To prepare for burial; as, to lay out a corpse. (e) To exert; as, to lay out all one's strength. -- To lay siege to. (a) To besiege; to encompass with an army. (b) To beset pertinaciously. -- To lay the course (Naut.), to sail toward the port intended without jibing. -- To lay the land (Naut.), to cause it to disappear below the horizon, by sailing away from it. -- To lay to (a) To charge upon; to impute. (b) To apply with vigor. (c) To attack or harass. [Obs.] Knolles. (d) (Naut.) To check the motion of (a vessel) and cause it to be stationary. -- To lay to heart, to feel deeply; to consider earnestly. -- To lay under, to subject to; as, to lay under obligation or restraint. -- To lay unto. (a) Same as To lay to (above). (b) To put before. Hos. xi. 4. -- To lay up. (a) To store; to reposit for future use. (b) To confine; to disable. (c) To dismantle, and retire from active service, as a ship. -- To lay wait for, to lie in ambush for. -- To lay waste, to destroy; to make desolate; as, to lay waste the land. Syn. -- See Put, v. t., and the Note under 4th Lie.

Lay

Lay, v. i.

1. To produce and deposit eggs.

2. (Naut.) To take a position; to come or go; as, to lay forward; to lay aloft.

3. To lay a wager; to bet. To lay about, ∨ To lay about one, to strike vigorously in all directions. J. H. Newman. -- To lay at, to strike or strike at. Spenser. -- To lay for, to prepare to capture or assault; to lay wait for. [Colloq.] Bp Hall. -- To lay in for, to make overtures for; to engage or secure the possession of. [Obs.] "I have laid in for these." Dryden. -- To lay on, to strike; to beat; to attack. Shak. -- To lay out, to purpose; to plan; as, he lays out to make a journey.

Lay

Lay (?), n.

1. That which lies or is laid or is conceived of as having been laid or placed in its position; a row; a stratum; a layer; as, a lay of stone or wood. Addison.

A viol should have a lay of wire strings below. Bacon.
&hand; The lay of a rope is right-handed or left-handed according to the hemp or strands are laid up. See Lay, v. t., 16. The lay of land is its topographical situation, esp. its slope and its surface features.

2. A wager. "My fortunes against any lay worth naming."

3. (a) A job, price, or profit. [Prov. Eng.] Wright. (b) A share of the proceeds or profits of an enterprise; as, when a man ships for a whaling voyage, he agrees for a certain lay. [U. S.]

4. (Textile Manuf.) (a) A measure of yarn; a les. See 1st Lea (a). (b) The lathe of a loom. See Lathe, 8.

5. A plan; a scheme. [Slang] Dickens. Lay figure. (a) A jointed model of the human body that may be put in any attitude; -- used for showing the disposition of drapery, etc. (b) A mere puppet; one who serves the will of others without independent volition. -- Lay race, that part of a lay on which the shuttle travels in weaving; -- called also shuttle race.

Layer

Lay"er (?), n. [See Lay to cause to lie flat.]

1. One who, or that which, lays.

2. [Prob. a corruption of lair.] That which is laid; a stratum; a bed; one thickness, course, or fold laid over another; as, a layer of clay or of sand in the earth; a layer of bricks, or of plaster; the layers of an onion.

3. A shoot or twig of a plant, not detached from the stock, laid under ground for growth or propagation.

4. An artificial oyster bed.

Layering

Lay"er*ing, n. A propagating by layers. Gardner.

Laying

Lay"ing (?), n.

1. The act of one who, or that which, lays.

2. The act or period of laying eggs; the eggs laid for one incubation; a clutch.

3. The first coat on laths of plasterer's two-coat work.

Layland

Lay"land` (?), n. [Lay a meadow + land.] Land lying untilled; fallow ground. [Obs.] Blount.

Layman

Lay"man (?) n.; pl. Laymen (. [Lay, adj. + man.]

1. One of the people, in distinction from the clergy; one of the laity; sometimes, a man not belonging to some particular profession, in distinction from those who do.<-- used esp. by physicians of those w/o medical training -->

Being a layman, I ought not to have concerned myself with speculations which belong to the profession. Dryden.

2. A lay figure. See under Lay, n. (above). Dryden

Layner

Lay"ner (?), n.[See Lanier.] A whiplash. [Obs.]

Layship

Lay"ship (?), n. The condition of being a layman. [Obs.] Milton.

Laystall

Lay"stall` (?), n.

1. A place where rubbish, dung, etc., are laid or deposited.[Obs.] B. Jonson.

Smithfield was a laystall of all ordure and filth. Bacon.

2. A place where milch cows are kept, or cattle on the way to market are lodged. [Obs.]

Lazar

La"zar (?), n. [OF. lazare, fr. Lazarus the beggar. Luke xvi. 20.] A person infected with a filthy or pestilential disease; a leper. Chaucer.
Like loathsome lazars, by the hedges lay. Spenser.
Lazar house a lazaretto; also, a hospital for quarantine.

Lazaret, Lazaretto

Laz`a*ret" (?), Laz`a*ret"to (?), n. [F. lazaret, or It. lazzeretto, fr. Lazarus. See Lazar.] A public building, hospital, or pesthouse for the reception of diseased persons, particularly those affected with contagious diseases.

Lazarist, Lazarite

Laz"a*rist (?), Laz"a*rite (?), n. (R. C. Ch.) One of the Congregation of the Priests of the Mission, a religious institute founded by Vincent de Paul in 1624, and popularly called Lazarists or Lazarites from the College of St. Lazare in Paris, which was occupied by them until 1792.

Lazarlike, Lazarly

La"zar*like` (?), La"zar*ly (?), a. Full of sores; leprous. Shak. Bp. Hall.

Lazaroni

Laz`a*ro"ni (?), n. pl. See Lazzaroni.

Lazarwort

La"zar*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Laserwort.

Laze

Laze (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lazed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lazing.] [See Lazy.] To be lazy or idle. [Colloq.] Middleton.

Laze

Laze, v. t. To waste in sloth; to spend, as time, in idleness; as, to laze away whole days. [Colloq.]

Lazily

La"zi*ly (?), adv. In a lazy manner. Locke.

Laziness

La"zi*ness, n. The state or quality of being lazy.
Laziness travels so slowly, that Poverty soon overtakes him. Franklin.

Lazuli

Laz"u*li (?), n.[F. & NL. lapis lazuli, LL. lazulus, lazurius, lazur from the same Oriental source as E. azure. See Azure.] (Min.) A mineral of a fine azure-blue color, usually in small rounded masses. It is essentially a silicate of alumina, lime, and soda, with some sodium sulphide, is often marked by yellow spots or veins of sulphide of iron, and is much valued for ornamental work. Called also lapis lazuli, and Armenian stone. <-- and lapis. -->

Lazulite

Laz"u*lite (?), n. [From lazuli : cf. F. lazulite, G. lazulith.] (Min.) A mineral of a light indigo-blue color, occurring in small masses, or in monoclinic crystals; blue spar. It is a hydrous phosphate of alumina and magnesia.

Lazy

La"zy (?), a. [Compar. Lazier (?); superl. Laziest.] [OE. lasie, laesic, of uncertain origin; cf. F. las tired, L. lassus, akin to E. late; or cf. LG. losig, lesig.]

1. Disinclined to action or exertion; averse to labor; idle; shirking work. Bacon.

2. Inactive; slothful; slow; sluggish; as, a lazy stream. "The night owl's lazy flight." Shak.

3. Wicked; vicious. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] B. Jonson.


Page 837

Lazy tongs, a system of jointed bars capable of great extension, originally made for picking up something at a distance, now variously applied in machinery. Syn. -- Idle; indolent; sluggish; slothful. See Idle.

Lazyback

La"zy*back` (?), n. A support for the back, attached to the seat of a carriage. [Colloq.]

Lazybones

La"zy*bones` (?), n. A lazy person. [Colloq.]

Lazzaroni

Laz`za*ro"ni (?; It. , n. pl. [It. lazzarone, pl. lazzaroni.] The homeless idlers of Naples who live by chance work or begging; -- so called from the Hospital of St. Lazarus, which serves as their refuge. [Written also, but improperly, lazaroni.]

Lea

Lea, n. [Cf. Lay, n. (that which is laid), 4.] (Textile Manuf.) (a) A measure of yarn; for linen, 300 yards; for cotton, 120 yards; a lay. (b) A set of warp threads carried by a loop of the heddle.

Lea

Lea, n. [OE. ley, lay, As. le\'a0h, le\'a0; akin to Prov. G. lon bog, morass, grove, and perh. to L. lucus grove, E. light, n.] A meadow or sward land; a grassy field. "Plow-torn leas." Shak.
The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea. Gray.

Leach

Leach (?), n. (Naut.) See 3d Leech.

Leach

Leach, n. [Written also letch.] [Cf. As. le\'a0h lye, G. lauge. See Lye.]

1. A quantity of wood ashes, through which water passes, and thus imbibes the alkali.

2. A tub or vat for leaching ashes, bark, etc. Leach tub, a wooden tub in which ashes are leached.

Leach

Leach, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Leached (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leaching.] [Written also leech and letch.]

1. To remove the soluble constituents from by subjecting to the action of percolating water or other liquid; as, to leach ashes or coffee.

2. To dissolve out; -- often used with out; as, to leach out alkali from ashes.

Leach

Leach, v. i. To part with soluble constituents by percolation.

Leach

Leach, n. See Leech, a physician. [Obs.]

Leachy

Leach"y (?), a. Permitting liquids to pass by percolation; not capable of retaining water; porous; pervious; -- said of gravelly or sandy soils, and the like.

Lead

Lead (l&ecr;d), n. [OE. led, leed, lead, AS. le\'a0d; akin to D. lood, MHG. l&omac;t, G. loth plummet, sounding lead, small weight, Sw. & Dan. lod. &root;123]

1. (Chem.) One of the elements, a heavy, pliable, inelastic metal, having a bright, bluish color, but easily tarnished. It is both malleable and ductile, though with little tenacity, and is used for tubes, sheets, bullets, etc. Its specific gravity is 11.37. It is easily fusible, forms alloys with other metals, and is an ingredient of solder and type metal. Atomic weight, 206.4. Symbol Pb (L. Plumbum). It is chiefly obtained from the mineral galena, lead sulphide.

2. An article made of lead or an alloy of lead; as: (a) A plummet or mass of lead, used in sounding at sea. (b) (Print.) A thin strip of type metal, used to separate lines of type in printing. (c) Sheets or plates of lead used as a covering for roofs; hence, pl., a roof covered with lead sheets or terne plates.

I would have the tower two stories, and goodly leads upon the top. Bacon

3. A small cylinder of black lead or plumbago, used in pencils. Black lead, graphite or plumbago, ; -- so called from its leadlike appearance and streak. [Colloq.] -- Coasting lead, a sounding lead intermediate in weight between a hand lead and deep-sea lead. -- Deep-sea lead, the heaviest of sounding leads, used in water exceeding a hundred fathoms in depth. Ham. Nav. Encyc. -- Hand lead, a small lead use for sounding in shallow water. -- Krems lead, Kremnitz lead [so called from Krems or Kremnitz, in Austria], a pure variety of white lead, formed into tablets, and called also Krems, or Kremnitz, white, and Vienna white. -- Lead arming, tallow put in the hollow of a sounding lead. See To arm the lead (below). -- Lead colic. See under Colic. -- Lead color, a deep bluish gray color, like tarnished lead. -- Lead glance. (Min.) Same as Galena. -- Lead line (a) (Med.) A dark line along the gums produced by a deposit of metallic lead, due to lead poisoning. (b) (Naut.) A sounding line. -- Lead mill, a leaden polishing wheel, used by lapidaries. -- Lead ocher (Min.), a massive sulphur-yellow oxide of lead. Same as Massicot. -- Lead pencil, a pencil of which the marking material is graphite (black lead). -- Lead plant (Bot.), a low leguminous plant, genus Amorpha (A. canescens), found in the Northwestern United States, where its presence is supposed to indicate lead ore. Gray. -- Lead tree. (a) (Bot.) A West Indian name for the tropical, leguminous tree, Leuc\'91na glauca; -- probably so called from the glaucous color of the foliage. (b) (Chem.) Lead crystallized in arborescent forms from a solution of some lead salt, as by suspending a strip of zinc in lead acetate. -- Mock lead, a miner's term for blende. -- Red lead, a scarlet, crystalline, granular powder, consisting of minium when pure, but commonly containing several of the oxides of lead. It is used as a paint or cement and also as an ingredient of flint glass. -- Red lead ore (Min.), crocoite. -- Sugar of lead, acetate of lead. -- To arm the lead, to fill the hollow in the bottom of a sounding lead with tallow in order to discover the nature of the bottom by the substances adhering. Ham. Nav. Encyc. -- To cast, ∨ heave, the lead, to cast the sounding lead for ascertaining the depth of water. -- White lead, hydrated carbonate of lead, obtained as a white, amorphous powder, and much used as an ingredient of white paint.

Lead

Lead, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Leaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Leading.]

1. To cover, fill, or affect with lead; as, continuous firing leads the grooves of a rifle.

2. (Print.) To place leads between the lines of; as, to lead a page; leaded matter.

Lead

Lead (l&emac;d), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Led (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leading.] [OE. leden, AS. l (akin to OS. l, D. leiden, G. leiten,Icel. le, Sw. leda, Dan.lede), properly a causative fr. AS. li to go; akin to OHG. l, Icel. l,Goth. leipan (in comp.). Cf. Lode, Loath.]

1. To guide or conduct with the hand, or by means of some physical contact connection; as, a father leads a child; a jockey leads a horse with a halter; a dog leads a blind man.

If a blind man lead a blind man, both fall down in the ditch. Wyclif (Matt. xv. 14.)
They thrust him out of the city, and led him unto the brow of the hill. Luke iv. 29.
In thy right hand lead with thee The mountain nymph, sweet Liberty. Milton.

2. To guide or conduct in a certain course, or to a certain place or end, by making the way known; to show the way, esp. by going with or going in advance of. Hence, figuratively: To direct; to counsel; to instruct; as, to lead a traveler; to lead a pupil.

The Lord went before them by day in a pillar of a cloud, to lead them the way. Ex. xiii. 21.
He leadeth me beside the still waters. Ps. xxiii. 2.
This thought might lead me through the world's vain mask. Content, though blind, had I no better guide. Milton.

3. To conduct or direct with authority; to have direction or charge of; as, to lead an army, an exploring party, or a search; to lead a political party.

Christ took not upon him flesh and blood that he might conquer and rule nations, lead armies, or possess places. South.

4. To go or to be in advance of; to precede; hence, to be foremost or chief among; as, the big sloop led the fleet of yachts; the Guards led the attack; Demosthenes leads the orators of all ages.

As Hesperus, that leads the sun his way. Fairfax.
And lo ! Ben Adhem's name led all the rest. Leigh Hunt.

5. To draw or direct by influence, whether good or bad; to prevail on; to induce; to entice; to allure; as, to lead one to espouse a righteous cause.

He was driven by the necessities of the times, more than led by his own disposition, to any rigor of actions. Eikon Basilike.
Silly women, laden with sins,led away by divers lusts. 2 Tim. iii. 6 (Rev. Ver.).

6. To guide or conduct one's self in, through, or along (a certain course); hence, to proceed in the way of; to follow the path or course of; to pass; to spend. Also, to cause (one) to proceed or follow in (a certain course).

That we may lead a quiet and peaceable life. 1 Tim. ii. 2.
Nor thou with shadowed hint confuse A life that leads melodious days. Tennyson.
You remember . . . the life he used to lead his wife and daughter. Dickens.

7. (Cards & Dominoes) To begin a game, round, or trick, with; as, to lead trumps; the double five was led. To lead astray, to guide in a wrong way, or into error; to seduce from truth or rectitude. -- To lead captive, to carry or bring into captivity. -- To lead the way, to show the way by going in front; to act as guide. Goldsmith.

Lead

Lead (?), v. i.

1. To guide or conduct, as by accompanying, going before, showing, influencing, directing with authority, etc.; to have precedence or pre\'89minence; to be first or chief; -- used in most of the senses of lead, v. t.

2. To tend or reach in a certain direction, or to a certain place; as, the path leads to the mill; gambling leads to other vices.

The mountain foot that leads towards Mantua. Shak.
To lead off ∨ out, to go first; to begin.

Lead

Lead, n.

1. The act of leading or conducting; guidance; direction; as, to take the lead; to be under the lead of another.

At the time I speak of, and having a momentary lead, . . . I am sure I did my country important service. Burke.

2. precedence; advance position; also, the measure of precedence; as, the white horse had the lead; a lead of a boat's length, or of half a second.

3. (Cards & Dominoes) The act or right of playing first in a game or round; the card suit, or piece, so played; as, your partner has the lead.

4. An open way in an ice field. Kane.

5. (Mining) A lode.

6. (Naut.) The course of a rope from end to end.

7. (Steam Engine) The width of port opening which is uncovered by the valve, for the admission or release of steam, at the instant when the piston is at end of its stroke. &hand; When used alone it means outside lead, or lead for the admission of steam. Inside lead refers to the release or exhaust.

8. (Civil Engineering) the distance of haul, as from a cutting to an embankment.

9. (Horology) The action of a tooth, as a tooth of a wheel, in impelling another tooth or a pallet. Saunier. Lead angle (Steam Engine), the angle which the crank maker with the line of centers, in approaching it, at the instant when the valve opens to admit steam. -- Lead screw (Mach.), the main longitudinal screw of a lathe, which gives the feed motion to the carriage.

Leaded

Lead"ed (?), a.

1. Fitted with lead; set in lead; as, leaded windows.

2. (Print.) Separated by leads, as the lines of a page.

Leaden

Lead"en (?), a.

1. Made of lead; of the nature of lead; as, a leaden ball.

2. Like lead in color, etc. ; as, a leaden sky.

3. Heavy; dull; sluggish. "Leaden slumber." Shak.

Leader

Lead"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, leads or conducts; a guide; a conductor. Especially: (a) One who goes first. (b) One having authority to direct; a chief; a commander. (c) (Mus.) A performer who leads a band or choir in music; also, in an orchestra, the principal violinist; the one who plays at the head of the first violins. (d) (Naut.) A block of hard wood pierced with suitable holes for leading ropes in their proper places. (e) (Mach.) The principal wheel in any kind of machinery. [Obs. or R.] G. Francis. (f) A horse placed in advance of others; one of the forward pair of horses.

He forgot to pull in his leaders, and they gallop away with him at times. Hare.
(g) A pipe for conducting rain water from a roof to a cistern or to the ground; a conductor. (h) (Fishing) A net for leading fish into a pound, weir, etc. ; also, a line of gut, to which the snell of a fly hook is attached. (i) (Mining) A branch or small vein, not important in itself, but indicating the proximity of a better one.

2. The first, or the principal, editorial article in a newspaper; a leading or main editorial article.

3. (Print.) (a) A type having a dot or short row of dots upon its face. (b) pl. a row of dots, periods, or hyphens, used in tables of contents, etc., to lead the eye across a space to the right word or number. Syn. -- chief; chieftain; commander. See Chief.

Leadership

Lead"er*ship (?), n. The office of a leader.

Leadhillite

Lead"hill*ite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral of a yellowish or greenish white color, consisting of the sulphate and carbonate of lead; -- so called from having been first found at Leadhills, Scotland.

Leading

Lead"ing (?), a. Guiding; directing; controlling; foremost; as, a leading motive; a leading man; a leading example. -- Lead"ing*ly, adv. Leading case (Law), a reported decision which has come to be regarded as settling the law of the question involved. Abbott. -- Leading motive [a translation of G. leitmotif] (Mus.), a guiding theme; in the modern music drama of Wagner, a marked melodic phrase or short passage which always accompanies the reappearance of a certain person, situation, abstract idea, or allusion in the course of the play; a sort of musical label. -- Leading note (Mus.), the seventh note or tone in the ascending major scale; the sensible note. -- Leading question, a question so framed as to guide the person questioned in making his reply. -- Leading strings, strings by which children are supported when beginning to walk. -- To be in leading strings, to be in a state of infancy or dependence, or under the guidance of others. -- Leading wheel, a wheel situated before the driving wheels of a locomotive engine.

Leading

Lead"ing, n.

1. The act of guiding, directing, governing, or enticing; guidance. Shak.

2. Suggestion; hint; example. [Archaic] Bacon.

Leadman

Lead"man (?), n.; pl. Leadmen (. One who leads a dance.[Obs.] B. Jonson.

Leadsman

Leads"man (?), n.; pl. Leadsmen (. (Naut.) The man who heaves the lead. Totten.

Leadwort

Lead"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of maritime herbs (Plumbago). P. Europ\'91a has lead-colored spots on the leaves, and nearly lead-colored flowers.

Leady

Lead"y (?), a. Resembling lead. Sir T. Elyot.

Leaf

Leaf (?), n.; pl. Leaves (#). [OE. leef, lef, leaf, AS. le\'a0f; akin to S. l, OFries. laf, D. loof foliage, G. laub,OHG. loub leaf, foliage, Icel. lauf, Sw. l\'94f, Dan. l\'94v, Goth. laufs; cf. Lith. lapas. Cf. Lodge.]

1. (Bot.) A colored, usually green, expansion growing from the side of a stem or rootstock, in which the sap for the use of the plant is elaborated under the influence of light; one of the parts of a plant which collectively constitute its foliage. &hand; Such leaves usually consist of a blade, or lamina , supported upon a leafstalk or petiole, which, continued through the blade as the midrib, gives off woody ribs and veins that support the cellular texture. The petiole has usually some sort of an appendage on each side of its base, which is called the stipule. The green parenchyma of the leaf is covered with a thin epiderm pierced with closable microscopic openings, known as stomata.

2. (Bot.) A special organ of vegetation in the form of a lateral outgrowth from the stem, whether appearing as a part of the foliage, or as a cotyledon, a scale, a bract, a spine, or a tendril. &hand; In this view every part of a plant, except the root and the stem, is either a leaf, or is composed of leaves more or less modified and transformed.

3. Something which is like a leaf in being wide and thin and having a flat surface, or in being attached to a larger body by one edge or end; as : (a) A part of a book or folded sheet containing two pages upon its opposite sides. (b) A side, division, or part, that slides or is hinged, as of window shutters, folding doors, etc. (c) The movable side of a table. (d) A very thin plate; as, gold leaf. (e) A portion of fat lying in a separate fold or layer. (f) One of the teeth of a pinion, especially when small. Leaf beetle (Zo\'94l.), any beetle which feeds upon leaves; esp., any species of the family Chrysomelid\'91, as the potato beetle and helmet beetle. -- Leaf bridge, a draw-bridge having a platform or leaf which swings vertically on hinges. -- Leaf bud (Bot.), a bud which develops into leaves or a leafy branch. -- Leaf butterfly (Zo\'94l.), any butterfly which, in the form and colors of its wings, resembles the leaves of plants upon which it rests; esp., butterflies of the genus Kallima, found in Southern Asia and the East Indies. -- Leaf crumpler (Zo\'94l.), a small moth (Phycis indigenella), the larva of which feeds upon leaves of the apple tree, and forms its nest by crumpling and fastening leaves together in clusters. -- Leaf cutter (Zo\'94l.) , any one of various species of wild bees of the genus Megachile, which cut rounded pieces from the edges of leaves, or the petals of flowers, to be used in the construction of their nests, which are made in holes and crevices, or in a leaf rolled up for the purpose. Among the common American species are M. brevis and M. centuncularis. Called also rose-cutting bee. -- Leaf fat, the fat which lies in leaves or layers within the body of an animal. -- Leaf flea (Zo\'94l.), a jumping plant louse of the family Psyllid\'91. -- Leaf frog (Zo\'94l.), any tree frog of the genus Phyllomedusa. -- Leaf green.(Bot.) See Chlorophyll. -- Leaf hopper (Zo\'94l.), any small jumping hemipterous insect of the genus Tettigonia, and allied genera. They live upon the leaves and twigs of plants. See Live hopper. -- Leaf insect (Zo\'94l.), any one of several genera and species of orthopterous insects, esp. of the genus Phyllium, in which the wings, and sometimes the legs, resemble leaves in color and form. They are common in Southern Asia and the East Indies. -- Leaf lard, lard from leaf fat. See under Lard. -- Leaf louse (Zo\'94l.), an aphid. -- Leaf metal, metal in thin leaves, as gold, silver, or tin. -- Leaf miner (Zo\'94l.), any one of various small lepidopterous and dipterous insects, which, in the larval stages, burrow in and eat the parenchyma of leaves; as, the pear-tree leaf miner (Lithocolletis geminatella). -- Leaf notcher (Zo\'94l.), a pale bluish green beetle (Artipus Floridanus), which, in Florida, eats the edges of the leaves of orange trees. -- Leaf roller (Zo\'94l.), the larva of any tortricid moth which makes a nest by rolling up the leaves of plants. See Tortrix. -- Leaf scar (Bot.), the cicatrix on a stem whence a leaf has fallen. -- Leaf sewer (Zo\'94l.), a tortricid moth, whose caterpillar makes a nest by rolling up a leaf and fastening the edges together with silk, as if sewn; esp., Phoxopteris nubeculana, which feeds upon the apple tree. -- Leaf sight, a hinges sight on a firearm, which can be raised or folded down. -- Leaf trace (Bot.), one or more fibrovascular bundles, which may be traced down an endogenous stem from the base of a leaf. -- Leaf tier (Zo\'94l.), a tortricid moth whose larva makes a nest by fastening the edges of a leaf together with silk; esp., Teras cinderella, found on the apple tree. -- Leaf valve, a valve which moves on a hinge. -- Leaf wasp (Zo\'94l.), a sawfiy. -- To turn over a new leaf, to make a radical change for the better in one's way of living or doing. [Colloq.]

They were both determined to turn over a new leaf. Richardson.

Page 838

Leaf

Leaf (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Leafed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leafing.] To shoot out leaves; to produce leaves; to leave; as, the trees leaf in May.<-- = leaf out --> Sir T. Browne.

Leafage

Leaf"age (?), n. Leaves, collectively; foliage.

Leafcup

Leaf"cup` (?), n. (Bot.) A coarse American composite weed (Polymnia Uvedalia).

Leafed

Leafed (?), a. Having (such) a leaf or (so many) leaves; -- used in composition; as, broad-leafed; four-leafed.

Leafet

Leaf"et (?), n. (Bot.) A leaflet.

Leaf-footed

Leaf"-foot`ed (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having leaflike expansions on the legs; -- said of certain insects; as, the leaf-footed bug (Leptoglossus phyllopus).

Leafiness

Leaf"i*ness (?), n. The state of being leafy.

Leafless

Leaf"less, a. Having no leaves or foliage; bearing no foliage. "Leafless groves." Cowper. -- Leaf"less*ness, n. Leafless plants, plants having no foliage, though leaves may be present in the form of scales and bracts. See Leaf, n., 1 and 2.

Leaflet

Leaf"let (?), n.

1. A little leaf; also, a little printed leaf or a tract.

2. (Bot.) One of the divisions of a compound leaf; a foliole.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A leaflike organ or part; as, a leaflet of the gills of fishes.

Leaf-nosed

Leaf"-nosed` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Having a leaflike membrane on the nose; -- said of certain bats, esp. of the genera Phyllostoma and Rhinonycteris. See Vampire.

Leafstalk

Leaf"stalk` (?), n. (Bot.) The stalk or petiole which supports a leaf.

Leafy

Leaf"y (?), a. [Compar. Leafier (?); superl. Leafiest.]

1. Full of leaves; abounding in leaves; as, the leafy forest. "The leafy month of June." Coleridge.

2. Consisting of leaves. "A leafy bed." Byron.

League

League (?), n. [Cf. OE. legue, lieue, a measure of length, F. lieue, Pr. lega, legua, It. & LL. lega, Sp. legua, Pg. legoa, legua; all fr. LL. leuca, of Celtic origin: cf. Arm. leo, lev (perh. from French), Ir.leige (perh. from English); also Ir. & Gael. leac a flag, a broad, flat stone, W. llech, -- such stones having perh. served as a sort of milestone (cf. Cromlech).]

1. A measure of length or distance, varying in different countries from about 2.4 to 4.6 English statute miles of 5.280 feet each, and used (as a land measure) chiefly on the continent of Europe, and in the Spanish parts of America. The marine league of England and the United States is equal to three marine, or geographical, miles of 6080 feet each. &hand; The English land league is equal to three English statute miles. The Spanish and French leagues vary in each country according to usage and the kind of measurement to which they are applied. The Dutch and German leagues contain about four geographical miles, or about 4.6 English statute miles.

2. A stone erected near a public road to mark the distance of a league. [Obs.]

League

League (?), n. [F.ligue, LL. liga, fr. L. ligare to bind; cf. Sp. liga. Cf. Ally a confederate, Ligature.] An alliance or combination of two or more nations, parties, or persons, for the accomplishment of a purpose which requires a continued course of action, as for mutual defense, or for furtherance of commercial, religious, or political interests, etc.
And let there be 'Twixt us and them no league, nor amity. Denham.
&hand; A league may be offensive or defensive, or both; offensive, when the parties agree to unite in attacking a common enemy; defensive, when they agree to a mutual defense of each other against an enemy. The Holy League, an alliance of Roman Catholics formed in 1576 by influence of the Duke of Guise for the exclusion of Protestants from the throne of France. -- Solemn League and Covenant. See Covenant,2. -- The land league, an association, organized in Dublin in 1879, to promote the interests of the Irish tenantry, its avowed objects being to secure fixity of tenure fair rent, and free sale of the tenants' interest. It was declared illegal by Parliament, but vigorous prosecutions have failed to suppress it. Syn. -- Alliance; confederacy; confederation; coalition; combination; compact; co\'94peration.

League

League (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Leagued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leaguing (?).] [Cf. F. se liguer. See 2d League.] To unite in a league or confederacy; to combine for mutual support; to confederate South.

League

League, v. t. To join in a league; to cause to combine for a joint purpose; to combine; to unite; as, common interests will league heterogeneous elements.

Leaguer

Lea"guer, n. [D.leger camp, bed, couch, lair. See Lair, and cf.Beleaguer.]

1. The camp of a besieging army; a camp in general. b. Jonson.

2. A siege or beleaguering. [R.] Sir W. Scott.

Leaguer

Lea"guer, v. t.To besiege; to beleaguer. [Obs.]

Leaguerer

Lea"guer*er (?), n. A besieger. [R.] J. Webster.

Leak

Leak (?), n. [Akin to D. lek leaky, a leak, G.leck, Icel. lekr leaky, Dan. l\'91k leaky, a leak, Sw. l\'84ck; cf. AS. hlec full of cracks or leaky. Cf. Leak, v.]

1. A crack, crevice, fissure, or hole which admits water or other fluid, or lets it escape; as, a leak in a roof; a leak in a boat; a leak in a gas pipe. "One leak will sink a ship." Bunyan.

2. The entrance or escape of a fluid through a crack, fissure, or other aperture; as, the leak gained on the ship's pumps. To spring a leak, to open or crack so as to let in water; to begin to let in water; as, the ship sprung a leak.

Leak

Leak, a. Leaky. [Obs.] Spenser.

Leak

Leak, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Leaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leaking.] [Akin to D. lekken, G. lecken, lechen, Icel. leka, Dan. l\'91kke, Sw. l\'84cka, AS. leccan to wet, moisten. See Leak, n.]

1. To let water or other fluid in or out through a hole, crevice, etc.; as, the cask leaks; the roof leaks; the boat leaks.

2. To enter or escape, as a fluid, through a hole, crevice, etc. ; to pass gradually into, or out of, something; -- usually with in or out. To leak out, to be divulged gradually or clandestinely; to become public; as, the facts leaked out.

Leakage

Leak"age (, n. [Cf. D. lekkage, for sense 1.]

1. A leaking; also, the quantity that enters or issues by leaking.

2. (Com.) An allowance of a certain rate per cent for the leaking of casks, or waste of liquors by leaking.

Leakiness

Leak"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being leaky.

Leaky

Leak"y (?), a. [Compar. Leakier (?); superl. Leakiest.]

1. Permitting water or other fluid to leak in or out; as, a leaky roof or cask.

2. Apt to disclose secrets; tattling; not close. [Colloq.]

Leal

Leal (?), a. [OE. leial, another form of loial, F. loyal. See Loyal.] Faithful; loyal; true.
All men true and leal, all women pure. Tennyson.
Land of the leal, the place of the faithful; heaven.

Leam

Leam (?), n. & v. i. See Leme. [Obs.] Holland.

Leam

Leam, n. [See Leamer, Lien.] A cord or strap for leading a dog. Sir W. Scott.

Leamer

Leam"er (?), n. [F. limier, OF. liemier, fr. L. ligamen band, bandage. See Lien.] A dog held by a leam.

Lean

Lean (?), v. t. [Icel. leyna; akin to G. l\'84ugnen to deny, AS. l, also E. lie to speak falsely.] To conceal. [Obs.] Ray.

Lean

Lean (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Leaned (?), sometimes Leant (p. pr. & vb. n.
Leaning.] [OE. lenen, AS. hlinian, hleonian, v. i.; akin to OS. hlin\'d3n, D. leunen, OHG. hlin\'c7n, lin\'c7n, G. lehnen, L. inclinare, Gr. clivus hill, slope. &root;40. Cf. Declivity, Climax, Incline, Ladder.]

1. To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating; as, she leaned out at the window; a leaning column. "He leant forward." Dickens.

2. To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; -- with to, toward, etc.

They delight rather to lean to their old customs. Spenser.

3. To rest or rely, for support, comfort, and the like; -- with on, upon, or against.

He leaned not on his fathers but himself. Tennyson.

Lean

Lean, v. t. [From Lean, v. i. ; AS. hl, v. t., fr. hleonian, hlinian, v. i.] To cause to lean; to incline; to support or rest. Mrs. Browning.
His fainting limbs against an oak he leant. Dryden.

Lean

Lean (?), a. [Compar. Leaner (?); superl. Leanest.] [OE. lene, AS. hl; prob. akin to E. lean to incline. See Lean, v. i. ]

1. Wanting flesh; destitute of or deficient in fat; not plump; meager; thin; lank; as, a lean body; a lean cattle.

2. Wanting fullness, richness, sufficiency, or productiveness; deficient in quality or contents; slender; scant; barren; bare; mean; -- used literally and figuratively; as, the lean harvest; a lean purse; a lean discourse; lean wages. "No lean wardrobe." Shak.

Their lean and fiashy songs. Milton.
What the land is, whether it be fat or lean. Num. xiii. 20.
Out of my lean and low ability I'll lend you something. Shak.

3. (Typog.) Of a character which prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; -- opposed to fat; as lean copy, matter, or type. Syn. -- slender; spare; thin; meager; lank; skinny; gaunt.

Lean

Lean (?), n.

1. That part of flesh which consist principally of muscle without the fat.

The fat was so white and the lean was so ruddy. Goldsmith.

2. (Typog.) Unremunerative copy or work.

Lean-faced

Lean"-faced` (?), a.

1. Having a thin face.

2. (Typog.) slender or narrow; -- said of type the letters of which have thin lines, or are unusually narrow in proportion to their height. W. Savage.

Leaning

Lean"ing, n. The act, or state, of inclining; inclination; tendency; as, a leaning towards Calvinism.

Leanly

Lean"ly, adv. Meagerly; without fat or plumpness.

Leanness

Lean"ness, n. [AS. hl&aemac;nnes.] The condition or quality of being lean.

Lean-to

Lean"-to` (?), a. (Arch.) Having only one slope or pitch; -- said of a roof. -- n. A shed or slight building placed against the wall of a larger structure and having a single-pitched roof; -- called also penthouse, and to-fall.<-- a crude, usually temporary shelter comprising a lean-to roof braced against any convenient support, as a wall, a tree or a pole. The roof may extend all the way to the ground. -->
The outer circuit was covered as a lean-to, all round this inner apartment. De Foe.

Lean-witted

Lean"-wit`ted (?), a. Having but little sense or shrewdness.

Leany

Lean"y (?), a. Lean. [Obs.] Spenser.

Leap

Leap (?), n. [AS. le\'a0p.]

1. A basket. [Obs.] Wyclif.

2. A weel or wicker trap for fish. [Prov. Eng.]

Leap

Leap (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Leaped (?), rarely Leapt; p. pr. & vb. n. Leaping.] [OE. lepen, leapen, AS. hle\'a0pan to leap, jump, run; akin to OS. \'behl, OFries. hlapa, D. loopen, G. laufen, OHG. louffan, hlauffan, Icel. hlaupa, Sw. l\'94pa, Dan. l\'94be, Goth. ushlaupan. Cf. Elope, Lope, Lapwing, Loaf to loiter.]

1. To spring clear of the ground, with the feet; to jump; to vault; as, a man leaps over a fence, or leaps upon a horse. Bacon.

Leap in with me into this angry flood. Shak.

2. To spring or move suddenly, as by a jump or by jumps; to bound; to move swiftly. Also Fig.

My heart leaps up when I behold A rainbow in the sky. Wordsworth.

Leap

Leap, v. t.

1. To pass over by a leap or jump; as, to leap a wall, or a ditch.

2. To copulate with (a female beast); to cover.

3. To cause to leap; as, to leap a horse across a ditch.

Leap

Leap, n.

1. The act of leaping, or the space passed by leaping; a jump; a spring; a bound.

Wickedness comes on by degrees, . . . and sudden leaps from one extreme to another are unnatural. L'Estrange.
Changes of tone may proceed either by leaps or glides. H. Sweet.

2. Copulation with, or coverture of, a female beast.

3. (Mining) A fault.

4. (Mus.) A passing from one note to another by an interval, especially by a long one, or by one including several other and intermediate intervals.

Leaper

Leap"er (?), n. [AS. hle\'a0pere.] One who, or that which, leaps.

Leaper

Leap"er, n. [See 1st Leap.] A kind of hooked instrument for untwisting old cordage.

Leapfrog

Leap"frog` (?), n. A play among boys, in which one stoops down and another leaps over him by placing his hands on the shoulders of the former.

Leapful

Leap"ful (?), n. [See 1st Leap.] A basketful. [Obs.]

Leaping

Leap"ing, a. & n. from Leap, to jump. Leaping house, a brothel. [Obs.] Shak. -- Leaping pole, a pole used in some games of leaping. -- Leaping spider (Zo\'94l.), a jumping spider; one of the Saltigrad\'91.

Leapingly

Leap"ing*ly, adv. By leaps.

Leap year

Leap" year` (?). Bissextile; a year containing 366 days; every fourth year which leaps over a day more than a common year, giving to February twenty-nine days. See Bissextile. &hand; Every year whose number is divisible by four without a remainder is a leap year, excepting the full centuries, which, to be leap years, must be divisible by 400 without a remainder. If not so divisible they are common years. 1900, therefore, is not a leap year.

Lear

Lear (?), v. t. To learn. See Lere, to learn. [Obs.]

Lear

Lear, n. Lore; lesson. [Obs.] Spenser.

Lear

Lear, a. See Leer, a. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Lear

Lear, n. An annealing oven. See Leer, n.

Learn

Learn (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Learned (?), or Learnt (p. pr. & vb. n.
Learning.] [OE. lernen, leornen, AS. leornian; akin to OS. lin\'d3n, for lirn\'d3n, OHG. lirn\'c7n, lern\'c7n, G. lernen, fr. the root of AS. l to teach, OS. l\'c7rian, OHG.l\'c7ran, G. lehren, Goth. laisjan, also Goth lais I know, leis acquainted (in comp.); all prob. from a root meaning, to go, go over, and hence, to learn; cf. AS. leoran to go . Cf. Last a mold of the foot, lore.]

1. To gain knowledge or information of; to ascertain by inquiry, study, or investigation; to receive instruction concerning; to fix in the mind; to acquire understanding of, or skill; as, to learn the way; to learn a lesson; to learn dancing; to learn to skate; to learn the violin; to learn the truth about something. "Learn to do well." Is. i. 17.

Now learn a parable of the fig tree. Matt. xxiv. 32.

2. To communicate knowledge to; to teach. [Obs.]

Hast thou not learned me how To make perfumes ? Shak.
&hand; Learn formerly had also the sense of teach, in accordance with the analogy of the French and other languages, and hence we find it with this sense in Shakespeare, Spenser, and other old writers. This usage has now passed away. To learn is to receive instruction, and to teach is to give instruction. He who is taught learns, not he who teaches.

Learn

Learn, v. i. To acquire knowledge or skill; to make progress in acquiring knowledge or skill; to receive information or instruction; as, this child learns quickly.
Take my yoke upon you and learn of me. Matt. xi. 29.
To learn by heart. See By heart, under Heart. -- To learn by rote, to memorize by repetition without exercise of the understanding.
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Learnable

Learn"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be learned.

Learned

Learn"ed (?), a. Of or pertaining to learning; possessing, or characterized by, learning, esp. scholastic learning; erudite; well-informed; as, a learned scholar, writer, or lawyer; a learned book; a learned theory.
The learnedlover lost no time. Spenser.
Men of much reading are greatly learned, but may be little knowing. Locke.
Words of learned length and thundering sound. Goldsmith.
The learned, learned men; men of erudition; scholars. -- Learn"ed*ly, adv. Learn"ed*ness, n.
Every coxcomb swears as learnedly as they. Swift.

Learner

Learn"er (?), n. One who learns; a scholar.

Learning

Learn"ing, n. [AS. leornung.]

1. The acquisition of knowledge or skill; as, the learning of languages; the learning of telegraphy.

2. The knowledge or skill received by instruction or study; acquired knowledge or ideas in any branch of science or literature; erudition; literature; science; as, he is a man of great learning. Book learning. See under Book. Syn. -- Literature; erudition; lore; scholarship; science; letters. See Literature.

Leasable

Leas"a*ble (?), a. [From 2d Lease.] Such as can be leased.

Lease

Lease (?), v. i. [AS. lesan to gather; akin to D. lezen to gather, read, G. lesen, Goth. lisan to gather; cf. Lith lesti to peck.] To gather what harvesters have left behind; to glean. [Obs.] Dryden.

Lease

Lease (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Leased (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leasing.] [F.laisser, OF. laissier, lessier, to leave, transmit, L. laxare to loose, slacken, from laxus loose, wide. See Lax, and cf. Lesser.]

1. To grant to another by lease the possession of, as of lands, tenements, and hereditaments; to let; to demise; as, a landowner leases a farm to a tenant; -- sometimes with out.

There were some [houses] that were leased out for three lives. Addison.

2. To hold under a lease; to take lease of; as, a tenant leases his land from the owner.

Lease

Lease (?), n. [Cf. OF. lais. See Lease, v. t.]

1. A demise or letting of lands, tenements, or hereditaments to another for life, for a term of years, or at will, or for any less interest than that which the lessor has in the property, usually for a specified rent or compensation.

2. The contract for such letting.

3. Any tenure by grant or permission; the time for which such a tenure holds good; allotted time.

Our high-placed Macbeth Shall live the lease of nature. Shak.
Lease and release a mode of conveyance of freehold estates, formerly common in England and in New York. its place is now supplied by a simple deed of grant. Burrill. Warren's Blackstone.

Leasehold

Lease"hold` (?), a. Held by lease.

Leasehold

Lease"hold`, n. A tenure by lease; specifically, land held as personalty under a lease for years.

Leaseholder

Lease"hold`er (?), n. A tenant under a lease. -- Lease"hold`ing, a. & n.

Leaser

Leas"er (?), n. [From 1st Lease.] One who leases or gleans. [Obs.] Swift.

Leaser

Leas"er, n. A liar. [Obs.] See Leasing.

Leash

Leash (?), n. [OE. lese, lees, leece, OF. lesse, F. laisse, LL.laxa, fr. L. laxus loose. See Lax.]

1. A thong of leather, or a long cord, by which a falconer holds his hawk, or a courser his dog.

Even like a fawning greyhound in the leash. Shak.

2. (Sporting) A brace and a half; a tierce; three; three creatures of any kind, especially greyhounds, foxes, bucks, and hares; hence, the number three in general.

[I] kept my chamber a leash of days. B. Jonson.
Then were I wealthier than a leash of kings. Tennyson.

3. (Weaving) A string with a loop at the end for lifting warp threads, in a loom.

Leash

Leash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Leashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leashing.] To tie together, or hold, with a leash.

Leasing

Leas"ing (?), n. [AS. le\'a0sung, fr. le\'a0s loose, false, deceitful. See -less, Loose, a.] The act of lying; falsehood; a lie or lies. [Archaic] Spenser.
Thou shalt destroy them that speak leasing. Ps. v. 6.
Blessed be the lips that such a leasing told. Fairfax.
Leasing making (Scots Law), the uttering of lies or libels upon the personal character of the sovereign, his court, or his family. Bp. Burnet.

Leasow

Lea"sow (?), n. [AS. lesu, l\'91su.] A pasture. [Obs.]

Least

Least (?), a. [OE. last, lest, AS. l, l, superl. of l less. See Less, a.] [Used as the superlative of little.] Smallest, either in size or degree; shortest; lowest; most unimportant; as, the least insect; the least mercy; the least space. &hand; Least is often used with the, as if a noun.
I am the least of the apostles. 1 Cor. xv. 9.
At least, ∨ At the least, at the least estimate, consideration, chance, etc.; hence, at any rate; at all events; even. See However.
He who tempts, though in vain, at least asperses The tempted with dishonor. Milton.
Upon the mast they saw a young man, at least if he were a man, who sat as on horseback. Sir P. Sidney.
-- In least, ∨ In the least, in the least degree, manner, etc. "He that is unjust in the least is unjust also in much." Luke xvi. 10. -- Least squares (Math.), a method of deducing from a number of carefully made yet slightly discordant observations of a phenomenon the most probable values of the unknown quantities. It takes as its fundamental principle that the most probable values are those which make the sum of the squares of the residual errors of the observation a minimum.

Least

Least, adv. In the smallest or lowest degree; in a degree below all others; as, to reward those who least deserve it.

Least

Least, conj. See Lest, conj. [Obs.] Spenser.

Leastways, Leastwise

Least"ways` (?), Least"wise` (?), adv. At least; at all events. [Colloq.] At leastways, ∨ At leastwise, at least. [Obs.] Fuller.

Leasy

Lea"sy (?), a. [AS. le\'a0s void, loose, false. Cf. Leasing.] Flimsy; vague; deceptive. [Obs.] Ascham.

Leat

Leat (?), n. [Cf. Lead to conduct.] An artificial water trench, esp. one to or from a mill. C. Kingsley.

Leather

Leath"er (?), n. [OE. lether, AS. le; akin to D. leder, le\'88r, G. leder, OHG. ledar, Icel. le, Sw. l\'84der, Dan. l\'91der.]

1. The skin of an animal, or some part of such skin, tanned, tawed, or otherwise dressed for use; also, dressed hides, collectively.

2. The skin. [Ironical or Sportive] &hand; Leather is much used adjectively in the sense of made of, relating to, or like, leather. Leather board, an imitation of sole leather, made of leather scraps, rags, paper, etc. -- Leather carp (Zo\'94l.) , a variety of carp in which the scales are all, or nearly all, absent. See Illust. under Carp. -- Leather jacket. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A California carangoid fish (Oligoplites saurus). (b) A trigger fish (Balistes Carolinensis). -- Leather flower (Bot.), a climbing plant (Clematis Viorna) of the Middle and Southern States having thick, leathery sepals of a purplish color. -- Leather leaf (Bot.), a low shrub (Cassandra calyculata), growing in Northern swamps, and having evergreen, coriaceous, scurfy leaves. -- Leather plant (Bot.), one or more New Zealand plants of the composite genus Celmisia, which have white or buff tomentose leaves. -- Leather turtle. (Zo\'94l.) See Leatherback. -- Vegetable leather. (a) An imitation of leather made of cotton waste. (b) Linen cloth coated with India rubber. Ure.

Leather

Leath"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Leathered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leathering.] To beat, as with a thong of leather. [Obs. or Colloq.] G. Eliot.

Leatherback

Leath"er*back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large sea turtle (Sphargis coriacea), having no bony shell on its back. It is common in the warm and temperate parts of the Atlantic, and sometimes weighs over a thousand pounds; -- called also leather turtle, leathery turtle, leather-backed tortoise, etc.

Leatheret, Leatherette

Leath"er*et (?), Leath`er*ette" (?), n. [Leather + et, F. -ette.] An imitation of leather, made of paper and cloth.

Leatherhead

Leath"er*head` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The friar bird.

Leathern

Leath"ern (?), a. Made of leather; consisting of. leather; as, a leathern purse. "A leathern girdle about his loins." Matt. iii. 4.

Leatherneck

Leath"er*neck` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The sordid friar bird of Australia (Tropidorhynchus sordidus).

Leatherwood

Leath"er*wood`, n. (Bot.) A small branching shrub (Dirca palustris), with a white, soft wood, and a tough, leathery bark, common in damp woods in the Northern United States; -- called also moosewood, and wicopy. Gray.

Leathery

Leath"er*y (?), a. Resembling leather in appearance or consistence; tough. "A leathery skin." Grew.

Leave

Leave (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Leaved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leaving] To send out leaves; to leaf; -- often with out. G. Fletcher.

Leave

Leave, v. t. [See Levy.] To raise; to levy. [Obs.]
An army strong she leaved. Spenser.

Leave

Leave, n. [OE. leve, leave, AS. le\'a0f; akin to le\'a2f pleasing, dear, E. lief, D. oorlof leave, G. arlaub, and erlauben to permit, Icel. leyfi. Lief.]

1. Liberty granted by which restraint or illegality is removed; permission; allowance; license.

David earnestly asked leave of me. 1 Sam. xx. 6.
No friend has leave to bear away the dead. Dryden.

2. The act of leaving or departing; a formal parting; a leaving; farewell; adieu; -- used chiefly in the phrase, to take leave, i. e., literally, to take permission to go.

A double blessing is a'double grace; Occasion smiles upon a second leave. Shak.
And Paul after this tarried there yet a good while, and then took his leave of the brethren. Acts xviii. 18.
French leave. See under French. Syn. -- See Liberty.

Leave

Leave, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Left (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leaving.] [OE. leven, AS. l, fr. l\'bef remnant, heritage; akin to lifian, libban, to live, orig., to remain; cf. bel\'c6fan to remain, G. bleiben, Goth. bileiban. Live, v.]

1. To withdraw one's self from; to go away from; to depart from; as, to leave the house.

Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife. Gen. ii. 24.

2. To let remain unremoved or undone; to let stay or continue, in distinction from what is removed or changed.

If grape gatherers come to thee, would they not leave some gleaning grapes ? Jer. xlix. 9.
These ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone. Matt. xxiii. 23.
Besides it leaveth a suspicion, as if more might be said than is expressed. Bacon.

3. To cease from; to desist from; to abstain from.

Now leave complaining and begin your tea. Pope.

4. To desert; to abandon; to forsake; hence, to give up; to relinquish.

Lo, we have left all, and have followed thee. Mark x. 28.
The heresies that men do leave. Shak.

5. To let be or do without interference; as, I left him to his reflections; I leave my hearers to judge.

I will leave you now to your gossiplike humor. Shak.

6. To put; to place; to deposit; to deliver; to commit; to submit -- with a sense of withdrawing one's self from; as, leave your hat in the hall; we left our cards; to leave the matter to arbitrators.

Leave there thy gift before the altar and go thy way. Matt. v. 24.
The foot That leaves the print of blood where'er it walks. Shak.

7. To have remaining at death; hence, to bequeath; as, he left a large estate; he left a good name; he left a legacy to his niece. To leave alone. (a) To leave in solitude. (b) To desist or refrain from having to do with; as, to leave dangerous chemicals alone. -- To leave off. (a) To desist from; to forbear; to stop; as, to leave off work at six o'clock. (b) To cease wearing or using; to omit to put in the usual position; as, to leave off a garment; to leave off the tablecloth. (c) To forsake; as, to leave off a bad habit. -- To leave out, to omit; as, to leave out a word or name in writing. -- To leave to one's self, to let (one) be alone; to cease caring for (one). Syn>- To quit; depart from; forsake; abandon; relinquish; deliver; bequeath; give up; forego; resign; surrender; forbear. See Quit.

Leave

Leave (?), v. i.

1. To depart; to set out. [Colloq.]

By the time I left for Scotland. Carlyle.

2. To cease; to desist; to leave off. "He . . . began at the eldest, and left at the youngest." Gen. xliv. 12. To leave off, to cease; to desist; to stop.

Leave off, and for another summons wait. Roscommon.

Leaved

Leaved (?), a. [From Leaf.] Bearing, or having, a leaf or leaves; having folds; -- used in combination; as, a four-leaved clover; a two-leaved gate; long-leaved.

Leaveless

Leave"less (?), a. Leafless. [Obs.] Carew.

Leaven

Leav"en (?), n. [OE. levain, levein, F. levain, L. levamen alleviation, mitigation; but taken in the sense of, a raising, that which raises, fr. levare to raise. See Lever, n.]

1. Any substance that produces, or is designed to produce, fermentation, as in dough or liquids; esp., a portion of fermenting dough, which, mixed with a larger quantity of dough, produces a general change in the mass, and renders it light; yeast; barm.

2. Anything which makes a general assimilating (especially a corrupting) change in the mass.

Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy. Luke xii. 1.

Leaven

Leav"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Leavened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leavening (?).]

1. To make light by the action of leaven; to cause to ferment.

A little leaven leaveneth the whole lump. 1 Cor. v. 6.

2. To imbue; to infect; to vitiate.

With these and the like deceivable doctrines, he leavens also his prayer. Milton.

Leavening

Leav"en*ing (?), n.

1. The act of making light, or causing to ferment, by means of leaven.

2. That which leavens or makes light. Bacon.

Leavenous

Leav"en*ous (?), a. Containing leaven. Milton.

Leaver

Leav"er (?), n. One who leaves, or withdraws.

Leaves

Leaves (?), n., pl. of Leaf.

Leave-taking

Leave"-tak`ing (?), n. Taking of leave; parting compliments. Shak.

Leaviness

Leav"i*ness (?), n. [Fr. Leaf.] Leafiness.[Obs.]

Leavings

Leav"ings, n. pl.

1. Things left; remnants; relics.

2. Refuse; offal.

Leavy

Leav"y (?), a. Leafy. [Obs.] Chapman.

Leban, Lebban

Leb"an, Leb"ban (?), n. Coagulated sour milk diluted with water; -- a common beverage among the Arabs. Also, a fermented liquor made of the same.

Lecama

Le*ca"ma (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The hartbeest.

Lecanomancy

Le*can"o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. -mancy.] divination practiced with water in a basin, by throwing three stones into it, and invoking the demon whose aid was sought.

Lecanoric

Lec`a*no"ric (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid which is obtained from several varieties of lichen (Lecanora, Roccella, etc.), as a white, crystalline substance, and is called also orsellic, ∨ diorsellinic acid, lecanorin, etc.

Lecanorin

Lec`a*no"rin (?), n. (Chem.) See Lecanoric.

Lech

Lech (?), v. t. [F. l\'82cher. See Lick.] To lick. [Obs.]

Leche

Le*che" (?), n. See water buck, under 3d Buck.

Lecher

Lech"er (?), n. [OE.lechur, lechour, OF.lecheor, lecheur, gormand, glutton, libertine, parasite, fr. lechier to lick, F. l\'82cher; of Teutonic origin. See Lick.] A man given to lewdness; one addicted, in an excessive degree, to the indulgence of sexual desire, or to illicit commerce with women.

Lecher

Lech"er, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lechered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lechering.] To practice lewdness.

Lecherer

Lech"er*er (?), n. See Lecher, n. Marston.

Lecherous

Lech"er*ous (?), a. Like a lecher; addicted to lewdness; lustful; also, lust-provoking. "A lecherous thing is wine." Chaucer. -- Lech"er*ous*ly, adv. -- Lech"er*ous*ness, n.

Lechery

Lech"er*y (?), n. [OE. lecherie, OF. lecherie. See Lecher.]

1. Free indulgence of lust; lewdness.

2. Selfish pleasure; delight. [Obs.] Massinger.

Lecithin

Lec"i*thin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A complex, nitrogenous phosphorized substance widely distributed through the animal body, and especially conspicuous in the brain and nerve tissue, in yolk of eggs, and in the white blood corpuscles.

lectern

lec"tern (?), n. See Lecturn.

Lectica

Lec*ti"ca (?), n.; pl. Lectic\'91 (#). [L.] (Rom. Antiq.) A kind of litter or portable couch.

Lection

Lec"tion (?), n. [L. lectio, fr. legere, lectum, to read. See lesson, Legend.]

1. (Eccl.) A lesson or selection, esp. of Scripture, read in divine service.

2. A reading; a variation in the text.

We ourselves are offended by the obtrusion of the new lections into the text. De Quincey.

Lectionary

Lec"tion*a*ry (?), n.; pl. -ries (#). [LL. lectionarium, lectionarius : cf. F. lectionnaire.] (Eccl.) A book, or a list, of lections, for reading in divine service.
Page 840

Lector

Lec"tor (?), n. [L. See Lection.] (Eccl.) A reader of lections; formerly, a person designated to read lessons to the illiterate.

Lectual

Lec"tu*al (?), a. [LL. lectualis, fr. L. lectus bed.] (Med.) Confining to the bed; as, a lectual disease.

Lecture

Lec"ture (?), n. [F. lecture, LL. lectura, fr. L. legere, lectum, to read. See Legend.]

1. The act of reading; as, the lecture of Holy Scripture. [Obs.]

2. A discourse on any subject; especially, a formal or methodical discourse, intended for instruction; sometimes, a familiar discourse, in contrast with a sermon.

3. A reprimand or formal reproof from one having authority.

4. (Eng. Universities) A rehearsal of a lesson.

Lecture

Lec"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lectured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lecturing.]

1. To read or deliver a lecture to.

2. To reprove formally and with authority.

Lecture

Lec"ture, v. i. To deliver a lecture or lectures.

Lecturer

Lec"tur*er (?), n. One who lectures; an assistant preacher.

Lectureship

Lec"ture*ship, n. The office of a lecturer.

Lecturn

Lec"turn (?), n. [LL. lectrinum, fr. lectrum; cf. L. legere, lectum, to read.] A choir desk, or reading desk, in some churches, from which the lections, or Scripture lessons, are chanted or read; hence, a reading desk. [Written also lectern and lettern]. Fairholt.

Lecythis

Lec"y*this (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. 3 an oil flask.] (Bot.) A genus of gigantic trees, chiefly Brazilian, of the order Myrtace\'91, having woody capsules opening by an apical lid. Lecythis Zabucajo yields the delicious sapucaia nuts. L. Ollaria produces the monkey-pots, its capsules. Its bark separates into thin sheets, like paper, used by the natives for cigarette wrappers.

Led

Led (?), imp. & p. p. of Lead. Led captain. An obsequious follower or attendant. [Obs.] Swift. -- Led horse, a sumpter horse, or a spare horse, that is led along.

Leden, Ledden

Led"en (?), Led"den (?) n. [AS. l, l, language, speech. Cf. Leod.] Language; speech; voice; cry. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

Ledge

Ledge (?), n. [Akin to AS. licgan to lie, Icel. liggja; cf. Icel. l\'94gg the ledge or rim at the bottom of a cask. See Lie to be prostrate.] [Formerly written lidge.]

1. A shelf on which articles may be laid; also, that which resembles such a shelf in form or use, as a projecting ridge or part, or a molding or edge in joinery.

2. A shelf, ridge, or reef, of rocks.

3. A layer or stratum.

The lowest ledge or row should be of stone. Sir H. Wotton.

4. (Mining) A lode; a limited mass of rock bearing valuable mineral.

5. (Shipbuilding) A piece of timber to support the deck, placed athwartship between beams.

Ledgement

Ledge"ment (?), n. See Ledgment.

Ledger

Ledg"er, n. [Akin to D. legger layer, daybook (fr. leggen to lay, liggen to lie), E. ledge, lie. See Lie to be prostrate.]

1. A book in which a summary of accounts is laid up or preserved; the final book of record in business transactions, in which all debits and credits from the journal, etc., are placed under appropriate heads. [Written also leger.]

2. (Arch.) (a) A large flat stone, esp. one laid over a tomb. Oxf. Gloss. (b) A horizontal piece of timber secured to the uprights and supporting floor timbers, a staircase, scaffolding, or the like. It differs from an intertie in being intended to carry weight. [Written also ligger.] Ledger bait, fishing bait attached to a floating line fastened to the bank of a stream, pond, etc. Walton. J. H. Walsh. -- Ledger line. See Leger line, under 3d Leger, a. -- Ledger wall (Mining), the wall under a vein; the foot wall. Raymond.

Ledgment

Ledg"ment (?), n. (Arch.) (a) A string-course or horizontal suit of moldings, such as the base moldings of a building. Oxf. Gloss. (b) The development of the surface of a body on a plane, so that the dimensions of the different sides may be easily ascertained. Gwilt. [Written also ledgement, legement, and ligement.]

Ledgy

Ledg"y (?), a. Abounding in ledges; consisting of a ledge or reef; as, a ledgy island.

Lee

Lee (?), v, i, To lie; to speak falsely. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lee

Lee, n.; pl. Lees (#). [F. lie, perh. fr. L. levare to lift up, raise. Cf. Lever.] That which settles at the bottom, as, of a cask of liquor (esp. wine); sediment; dregs; -- used now only in the plural. [Lees occurs also as a form of the singular.] "The lees of wine." Holland.
A thousand demons lurk within the lee. Young.
The wine of life is drawn, and the mere lees Is left this vault to brag of. Shak.

Lee

Lee, n. [OE. lee shelter, Icel. hl, akin to AS. hle\'a2, hle\'a2w, shelter, protection, OS. hl\'8ao, D. lij lee, Sw. l\'84, Dan. l\'91.]

1. A sheltered place; esp., a place; protected from the wind by some object; the side sheltered from the wind; shelter; protection; as, the lee of a mountain, an island, or a ship.

We lurked under lee. Morte d'Arthure.
Desiring me to take shelter in his lee. Tyndall.

2. (Naut.) That part of the hemisphere, as one stands on shipboard, toward which the wind blows. See Lee, a. By the lee, To bring by the lee. See under By, and Bring. -- Under the lee of, on that side which is sheltered from the wind; as, to be under the lee of a ship.

Lee

Lee, a. (Naut.) Of or pertaining to the part or side opposite to that against which the wind blows; -- opposed to weather; as, the lee side or lee rail of a vessel. Lee gauge. See Gauge, n. (Naut.) -- Lee shore, the shore on the lee side of a vessel. -- Lee tide, a tide running in the same direction that the wind blows. -- On the lee beam, directly to the leeward; in a line at right angles to the length of the vessel and to the leeward.

Leeboard

Lee"board` (?), n. A board, or frame of planks, lowered over the side of a vessel to lessen her leeway when closehauled, by giving her greater draught.

Leech

Leech (?), n. See 2d Leach.

Leech

Leech, v. t. See Leach, v. t.

Leech

Leech, n. [Cf. LG. leik, Icel. l\'c6k, Sw. lik boltrope, stliken the leeches.] (Naut.) The border or edge at the side of a sail. [Written also leach.] Leech line, a line attached to the leech ropes of sails, passing up through blocks on the yards, to haul the leeches by. Totten. -- Leech rope, that part of the boltrope to which the side of a sail is sewed.

Leech

Leech, n. [OE. leche, l\'91che, physician, AS. l; akin to Fries. l, OHG. l\'behh\'c6, Icel. l\'91knari, Sw. l\'84kare, Dan. l\'91ge, Goth. l, AS. l\'becnian to heal, Sw. l\'84ka, Dan.l\'91ge, Icel. l\'91kna, Goth. l.]

1. physician or surgeon; a professor of the art of healing. [Written also leach.] [Archaic] Spenser.

Leech, heal thyself. Wyclif (Luke iv. 23).

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous genera and species of annulose worms, belonging to the order Hirudinea, or Bdelloidea, esp. those species <-- formerly! -->used in medicine, as Hirudo medicinalis of Europe, and allied species. &hand; In the mouth of bloodsucking leeches are three convergent, serrated jaws, moved by strong muscles. By the motion of these jaws a stellate incision is made in the skin, through which the leech sucks blood till it is gorged, and then drops off. The stomach has large pouches on each side to hold the blood. The common large bloodsucking leech of America (Macrobdella decora) is dark olive above, and red below, with black spots. Many kinds of leeches are parasitic on fishes; others feed upon worms and mollusks, and have no jaws for drawing blood. See Bdelloidea. Hirudinea, and Clepsine.

3. (Surg.) A glass tube of peculiar construction, adapted for drawing blood from a scarified part by means of a vacuum. Horse leech, a less powerful European leech (H\'91mopis vorax), commonly attacking the membrane that lines the inside of the mouth and nostrils of animals that drink at pools where it lives.

Leech

Leech, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Leeched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leeching.]

1. To treat as a surgeon; to doctor; as, to leech wounds. [Archaic]

2. To bleed by the use of leeches.

Leechcraft

Leech"craft` (?), n. The art of healing; skill of a physician. [Archaic] Chaucer.

Leed, Leede

Leed, Leede (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A caldron; a copper kettle. [Obs.] "A furnace of a leed." Chaucer.

Leef

Leef (?), a. & adv. See Lief. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Leek

Leek (?), n. [AS.le\'a0c; akin to D. look, G. lauch, OHG. louh, Icel. laukr, Sw. l\'94k, Dan l\'94g. Cf. Garlic.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Allium (A. Porrum), having broadly linear succulent leaves rising from a loose oblong cylindrical bulb. The flavor is stronger than that of the common onion. Wild leek , in America, a plant (Allium tricoccum) with a cluster of ovoid bulbs and large oblong elliptical leaves.

Leeme

Leeme (?), v. & n. See Leme. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Leep

Leep (?), obs. strong imp. of Leap. leaped.

Leer

Leer (?), v. t. To learn. [Obs.] See Lere, to learn.

Leer

Leer, a. [OE. lere; akin to G. leer, OHG. & OS. l\'beri.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Empty; destitute; wanting; as: (a) Empty of contents. "A leer stomach." Gifford. (b) Destitute of a rider; and hence, led, not ridden; as, a leer horse. B. Jonson. (c) Wanting sense or seriousness; trifling; trivolous; as, leer words.

Leer

Leer, n. An oven in which glassware is annealed.

Leer

Leer, n. [OE.lere cheek, face, look, AS. hle\'a2r cheek, face; akin to OS. hlear, hlior, OD. lier, Icel. hl.]

1. The cheek. [Obs.] Holinshed.

2. complexion; aspect; appearance. [Obs.]

A Rosalind of a better leer than you. Shak.

3. A distorted expression of the face, or an indirect glance of the eye, conveying a sinister or immodest suggestion.

With jealous leer malign Eyed them askance. Milton.
She gives the leer of invitation. Shak.
Damn with faint praise, assent with civil leer. Pope.

Leer

Leer, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Leered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Leering.] To look with a leer; to look askance with a suggestive expression, as of hatred, contempt, lust, etc. ; to cast a sidelong lustful or malign look.
I will leer him as a'comes by. Shak.
The priest, above his book, Leering at his neighbor's wife. Tennyson.

Leer

Leer, v. t. To entice with a leer, or leers; as, to leer a man to ruin. Dryden.

Leere

Leere (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] Tape or braid; an ornament. Halliwell. Leere side, the left side, as that on which a leere or ornament was worn. B. Jonson.

Leeringly

Leer"ing*ly, adv. In a leering manner.

Lees

Lees (?), n. pl. Dregs. See 2d Lee.

Lees

Lees (?), n. A leash. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Leese

Leese (?), v. t. [See Lose.] To lose. [Obs.]
They would rather leese their friend than their jest. Lord Burleigh.

Leese

Leese, v. t. [Cf. f. l\'82ser, L.laesus, p. p. of laedere.] To hurt. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Leet

Leet (?), obs. imp. of Let, to allow. Chaucer.

Leet

Leet n. [Cf. AS. hl share, lot.] A portion; a list, esp. a list of candidates for an office. [Scot.]

Leet

Leet, n. [LL.leta. Cf. F. lit de justice a solemn sitting of the king in Parliament, L. lis, litis, a lawsuit, It., Sp., & Pg. lite.] (Eng. Hist.) A court-leet; the district within the jurisdiction of a court-leet; the day on which a court-leet is held. Shak. &hand; The original intent of the court-leet was to view the frankpledges or freemen within the liberty; hence called the view of frankpledge. Latterly it has fallen into almost entire disuse. Burrill. Warren's Blackstone. Leet ale, a feast or merrymaking in time of leet. [Obs.]

Leet

Leet, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The European pollock.

Leetman

Leet"man (?), n.; pl. Leetmen (. One subject to the jurisdiction of a court-leet.

Leeward

Lee"ward (?), a. (Naut.) Pertaining to, or in the direction of, the part or side toward which the wind blows; -- opposed to windward; as, a leeward berth; a leeward ship. -- n. The lee side; the lee. -- adv. Toward the lee.

Leeway

Lee"way` (?), n. (Naut.) The lateral movement of a ship to the leeward of her course; drift.

Left

Left (?), imp. & p. p. of Leave.

Left

Left, a. [OE. left, lift, luft; akin to Fries. leeft, OD.lucht, luft; cf. AS.left (equiv. to L. inanis), lyft\'bedl palsy; or cf. AS.l weak.] Of or pertaining to that side of the body in man on which the muscular action of the limbs is usually weaker than on the other side; -- opposed to right, when used in reference to a part of the body; as, the left ear. Also said of the corresponding side of the lower animals. Left bank of a river, that which is on the left hand of a person whose face is turned downstream. -- Left bower. See under 2d Bower. -- Left center, the members whose sympathies are, in the main, with the members of the Left, but who do not favor extreme courses, and on occasions vote with the government. They sit between the Center and the extreme Left. -- Over the left shoulder, ∨ Over the left, an old but still current colloquialism, or slang expression, used as an aside to indicate insincerity, negation, or disbelief; as, he said it, and it is true, -- over the left.

Left

Left, n.

1. that part of surrounding space toward which the left side of one's body is turned; as, the house is on the left when you face North.

Put that rose a little more to the left. Ld. Lytton.

2. those members of a legislative assembly (as in France) who are in the opposition; the advanced republicans and extreme radicals. They have their seats at the left-hand side of the presiding officer. See Center, and Right.<-- now used of any group advocating a leftist policy -- which is variously interpeted, as meaning "radical", "liberal", "reformist", "anti-establishment" "advocating change in the name of greater freedom or well-being of the common man[MW10]" -- opposed to rightist, and in the "liberal" interpretation, opposed to "conservative". -->

Left-hand

Left"-hand` (?), a. Situated on the left; nearer the left hand than the right; as, the left-hand side; the left-hand road. Left-hand rope, rope laid up and twisted over from right to left, or against the sun; -- called also water-laid rope.

Left-handed

Left"-hand`ed, a.

1. Having the left hand or arm stronger and more dexterous than the right; using the left hand and arm with more dexterity than the right.

2. Clumsy; awkward; unlucky; insincere; sinister; malicious; as, a left-handed compliment.

The commendations of this people are not always left-handed and detractive. Landor.

3. Having a direction contrary to that of the hands of a watch when seen in front; -- said of a twist, a rotary motion, etc., looked at from a given direction. Left-handed marriage, a morganatic marriage. See Morganatic. -- Left-handed screw, a screw constructed to advance away from the observer, when turned, as in a nut, with a left-handed rotation. An ordinary wood screw is right-handed.

Left-handedness, Left-handiness

Left"-hand`ed*ness, Left"-hand`i*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being left-handed; awkwardness.
An awkward address, ungraceful attitudes and actions, and a certain left-handiness (if I may use the expression) proclaim low education. Chesterfield.

Left-off

Left"-off" (?), a. Laid a side; cast-off.

Leftward

Left"ward (?), adv. Toward or on the left side.
Rightward and leftward rise the rocks. Southey.

Leful

Le"ful (?), a. See Leveful. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Leg

Leg (?), n. [Icel. leggr; akin to Dan. l\'91g calf of the leg, Sw. l\'84gg.]

1. A limb or member of an animal used for supporting the body, and in running, climbing, and swimming; esp., that part of the limb between the knee and foot.

2. That which resembles a leg in form or use; especially, any long and slender support on which any object rests; as, the leg of a table; the leg of pair of compasses or dividers.

3. The part of any article of clothing which covers the leg; as, the leg of a stocking or of a pair of trousers.

4. A bow, esp. in the phrase to make a leg; probably from drawing the leg backward in bowing. [Obs.]

He that will give a cap and make a leg in thanks for a favor he never received. Fuller.

5. A disreputable sporting character; a blackleg. [Slang, Eng.]

6. (Naut.) The course and distance made by a vessel on one tack or between tacks.

7. (Steam Boiler) An extension of the boiler downward, in the form of a narrow space between vertical plates, sometimes nearly surrounding the furnace and ash pit, and serving to support the boiler; -- called also water leg.

8. (Grain Elevator) The case containing the lower part of the belt which carries the buckets.

9. (Cricket) A fielder whose position is on the outside, a little in rear of the batter. A good leg (Naut.), a course sailed on a tack which is near the desired course. -- Leg bail, escape from custody by flight. [Slang] -- Legs of an hyperbola (or other curve) (Geom.), the branches of the curve which extend outward indefinitely. -- Legs of a triangle, the sides of a triangle; -- a name seldom used unless one of the sides is first distinguished by some appropriate term; as, the hypothenuse and two legs of a right-angled triangle. On one's legs, standing to speak. -- One's last legs. See under Last. -- To have legs (Naut.), to have speed.<-- also, to have endurance, to continue longer than usual, --> -- To stand on one's own legs, to support one's self; to be independent.


Page 841

Leg

Leg (?), v. t. To use as a leg, with it as object: (a) To bow. [Obs.] (b) To run [Low]

Legacy

Leg"a*cy (?), n.; pl.Legacies (#). [L. (assumed) legatia, for legatum, from legare to appoint by last will, to bequeath as a legacy, to depute: cf. OF. legat legacy. See Legate.]

1. A gift of property by will, esp. of money or personal property; a bequest. Also Fig.; as, a legacy of dishonor or disease.

2. A business with which one is intrusted by another; a commission; -- obsolete, except in the phrases last legacy, dying legacy, and the like.

My legacy and message wherefore I am sent into the world. Tyndale.
He came and told his legacy. Chapman.
Legacy duty, a tax paid to government on legacies. Wharton. -- Legacy hunter, one who flatters and courts any one for the sake of a legacy.<-- related to gold-digger (latter for any riches, not just a legacy) -->

Legal

Le"gal (?), a. [L. legalis, fr. lex, legis, law; prob. orig., that which lies or is fixed (cf. L. lectus bed), and if so akin to E. lie, law: cf. F. l\'82gal. Cf. Lie to be prostrate, Loyal, Leal.]

1. Created by, permitted by, in conformity with, or relating to, law; as, a legal obligation; a legal standard or test; a legal procedure; a legal claim; a legal trade; anything is legal which the laws do not forbid.

2. (Theol.) (a) According to the law of works, as distinguished from free grace; or resting on works for salvation. (b) According to the old or Mosaic dispensation; in accordance with the law of Moses

3. (Law) Governed by the rules of law as distinguished from the rules of equity; as, legal estate; legal assets. Bouvier. Burrill. Legal cap. See under Cap. -- Legal tender. (a) The act of tendering in the performance of a contract or satisfaction of a claim that which the law prescribes or permits, and at such time and place as the law prescribes or permits. (b) That currency, or money, which the law authorizes a debtor to tender and requires a creditor to receive. It differs in different countries. Syn. -- Lawful; constitutional; legitimate; licit; authorized. See Lawful.

Legalism

Le"gal*ism (?), n. Strictness, or the doctrine of strictness, in conforming to law.

Legalist

Le"gal*ist, n. One who practices or advocates strict conformity to law; in theology, one who holds to the law of works. See Legal, 2 (a).

Legality

Le*gal"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. LL. legalitas, F. l\'82galit\'82. Cf. Loyalty.]

1. The state or quality of being letter of the law.

Legalization

Le`gal*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of making legal.

Legalize

Le"gal*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Legalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Legalizing (?).] [Cf. F. l\'82galiser.]

1. To make legal.

2. (Theol.) To interpret or apply in a legal spirit.

Legally

Le"gal*ly, adv. In a legal manner.

Legantine

Le*gan"tine (?), a. [Obs.] See Legatine.

Legatary

Leg"a*ta*ry (?), n. [L. legatarius, fr. legaturius enjoined by a last will: cf. F. l\'82gataire. See Legacy.] A legatee. [R.] Ayliffe.

Legate

Leg"ate (?), n. [OE. legal, L. legatus, fr. legare to sent with a commission or charge, to depute, fr. lex, legis, law: cf. F. l\'82gat, It. legato. See Legal.]

1. An ambassador or envoy.

2. An ecclesiastic representing the pope and invested with the authority of the Holy See. &hand; Legates are of three kinds: (a) Legates a latere, now always cardinals. They are called ordinary or extraordinary legates, the former governing provinces, and the latter class being sent to foreign countries on extraordinary occasions. (b) Legati missi, who correspond to the ambassadors of temporal governments. (c) Legati nati, or legates by virtue of their office, as the archbishops of Salzburg and Prague.

3. (Rom. Hist.) (a) An official assistant given to a general or to the governor of a province. (b) Under the emperors, a governor sent to a province.

Legatee

Leg`a*tee" (?), n. [See Legacy.] (Law) One to whom a legacy is bequeathed.

Legateship

Leg"ate*ship (?), n. The office of a legate.

Legatine

Leg"a*tine (?), a. Of or pertaining to a legate; as, legatine power. Holinshed.

2. Made by, proceeding from, or under the sanction of, a legate; as, a legatine constitution. Ayliffe.

Legation

Le*ga"tion (?), n. [L. legatio: cf. F. l\'82gation, It. legazione. See Legate.]

1. The sending forth or commissioning one person to act for another. "The Divine legation of Moses." Bp. Warburton.

2. A legate, or envoy, and the persons associated with him in his mission; an embassy; or, in stricter usage, a diplomatic minister and his suite; a deputation.

3. The place of business or official residence of a diplomatic minister at a foreign court or seat of government.

4. A district under the jurisdiction of a legate.

Legato

Le*ga"to (?), a. [It., tied, joined, fr. legare to tie, bind, L. ligare.] (Mus.) Connected; tied; -- a term used when successive tones are to be produced in a closely connected, smoothly gliding manner. It is often indicated by a tie, thus staccato
.

Legator

Leg`a*tor" (?), n. [L., fr. legare: cf. OF. legateur. See Legacy.] (Law) A testator; one who bequeaths a legacy. Dryden.

Legatura

Le`ga*tu"ra (?), n. [It. See Ligature.] (Mus.) A tie or brace; a syncopation.

Legature

Leg"a*ture (?), n. Legateship. [Obs.]

Lege

Lege (?), v. t. [Abbrev. fr. allege to assert.] To allege; to assert. [Obs.] Bp. Fisher.

Legement

Lege"ment (?), n. See Ledgment.

Legend

Leg"end (?), n. [OE. legende, OF. legende, F. l\'82gende, LL. legenda, fr. L. legendus to be read, fr. legere to read, gather; akin to Gr. Collect, Dialogue, Lesson, Logic.]

1. That which is appointed to be read; especially, a chronicle or register of the lives of saints, formerly read at matins, and in the refectories of religious houses.

2. A story respecting saints; especially, one of a marvelous nature. Addison.

3. Any wonderful story coming down from the past, but not verifiable by historical record; a myth; a fable.

And in this legend all that glorious deed. Read, whilst you arm you. Fairfax.

4. An inscription, motto, or title, esp. one surrounding the field in a medal or coin, or placed upon an heraldic shield or beneath an engraving or illustration. Golden legend. See under Golden.

Legend

Leg"end, v. t. To tell or narrate, as a legend. Bp. Hall.

Legendary

Leg"end*a*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to a legend or to legends; consisting of legends; like a legend; fabulous. "Legendary writers." Bp. Lloyd.
Legendary stories of nurses and old women. Bourne.

Legendary

Leg"end*a*ry, n. [Cf. OF. legendaire, LL. legendarius.]

1. A book of legends; a tale or parrative.

Read the Countess of Pembroke's "Arcadia," a gallant legendary full of pleasurable accidents. James I.

2. One who relates legends. Bp. Lavington.

Leger

Leg"er (?), n. [See Ledger.]

1. Anything that lies in a place; that which, or one who, remains in a place. [Obs.]

2. A minister or ambassador resident at a court or seat of government. [Written also lieger, leiger.] [Obs.]

Sir Edward Carne, the queen's leger at Rome. Fuller.

3. A ledger.

Leger

Leg"er, a. Lying or remaining in a place; hence, resident; as, leger ambassador.

Leger

Leg"er, a. [F. l\'82ger, fr. LL. (assumed) leviarius, fr. L. levis light in weight. See Levity.] Light; slender; slim; trivial. [Obs. except in special phrases.] Bacon. Leger line (Mus.), a line added above or below the staff to extend its compass; -- called also added line.

Legerdemain

Leg`er*de*main" (?), n. [F. l\'82ger light, nimble + de of + main hand, L. manus. See 3d Leger, and Manual.] Sleight of hand; a trick of sleight of hand; hence, any artful deception or trick.
He of legierdemayne the mysteries did know. Spenser.
The tricks and legerdemain by which men impose upon their own souls. South.

Legerdemainits

Leg`er*de*main"its, n. One who practices sleight of hand; a prestidigitator.

Legerity

Le*ger"i*ty (?), n. [F. l\'82g\'8aret\'82. See 3d Leger.] Lightness; nimbleness [Archaic] Shak.

Legge

Legge (?), v. t. [See Lay, v. t. ] To lay. [Obs.]

Legge

Legge, v. t. [Abbrev. fr. alegge.] To lighten; to allay. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Legged

Legged (?), a. [From Leg.] Having (such or so many) legs; -- used in composition; as, a long-legged man; a two-legged animal.

Leggiadro, Leggiero

Leg`gi*a"dro (?), Leg`gi*e"ro (?), a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Light or graceful; in a light, delicate, and brick style.

Legging, Legging

Leg"ging (?), Leg"ging, n. [From Leg.] A cover for the leg, like a long gaiter.

Legging

Leg"ging, a. & vb. n., from Leg, v. t.

Leghorn

Leg"horn (?), n. A straw plaiting used for bonnets and hats, made from the straw of a particular kind of wheat, grown for the purpose in Tuscany, Italy; -- so called from Leghorn, the place of exportation.

Legibility

Leg`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being legible; legibleness. Sir. D. Brewster.

Legible

Leg"i*ble (?), a. [L. legibilis, fr. legere to read: cf. OF. legible. See Legend.]

1. Capable of being read or deciphered; distinct to the eye; plain; -- used of writing or printing; as, a fair, legible manuscript.

The stone with moss and lichens so overspread, Nothing is legible but the name alone. Longfellow.

2. Capable of being discovered or understood by apparent marks or indications; as, the thoughts of men are often legible in their countenances.

Legibleness

Leg"i*ble*ness, n. The state or quality of being legible.

Legibly

Leg"i*bly, adv. In a legible manner.

Legific

Le*gif"ic (?), a. [L. lex, legis, law + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.] Of or pertaining to making laws.
Practically, in many cases, authority or legific competence has begun in bare power. J. Grote.

Legion

Le"gion (?), n. [OE. legioun, OF. legion, F. l\'82gion, fr. L. legio, fr. legere to gather, collect. See Legend.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) A body of foot soldiers and cavalry consisting of different numbers at different periods, -- from about four thousand to about six thousand men, -- the cavalry being about one tenth.

2. A military force; an army; military bands.

3. A great number; a multitude.

Where one sin has entered,legions will force their way through the same breach. Rogers.

4. (Taxonomy) A group of orders inferior to a class. Legion of honor, an order instituted by the French government in 1802, when Bonaparte was First Consul, as a reward for merit, both civil and military.

Legionary

Le"gion*a*ry (?), a. [L.legionarius: cf. F. l\'82gionnaire.] Belonging to a legion; consisting of a legion or legions, or of an indefinitely great number; as, legionary soldiers; a legionary force. "The legionary body of error." Sir T. Browne.

Legionary

Le"gion*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Legionaries (. A member of a legion. Milton.

Legioned

Le"gioned (?), a. Formed into a legion or legions; legionary. Shelley.

Legionry

Le"gion*ry (?), n. A body of legions; legions, collectively. [R.] Pollok.

Legislate

Leg"is*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Legislated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Legislating (?).] [See Legislator.] To make or enact a law or laws.
Solon, in legislating for the Athenians, had an idea of a more perfect constitution than he gave them. Bp. Watson (1805).

Legislation

Leg`is*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. l\'82gislation, L. legis latio. See Legislator.] The act of legislating; preparation and enactment of laws; the laws enacted.
Pythagoras joined legislation to his philosophy. Lyttelton.

Legislative

Leg"is*la*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. l\'82gislatij.]

1. Making, or having the power to make, a law or laws; lawmaking; -- distinguished from executive; as, a legislative act; a legislative body.

The supreme legislative power of England was lodged in the king and great council, or what was afterwards called the Parliament. Hume.

2. Of or pertaining to the making of laws; suitable to legislation; as, the transaction of legislative business; the legislative style.

Legislatively

Leg"is*la*tive*ly, adv. In a legislative manner.

Legislator

Leg"is*la`tor (?), n. [L. legis lator, prop., a proposer of a law; lex, legis, law + lator a proposer, bearer, fr. latus, used as p. p. of ferre to bear: cf. F. l\'82gislateur. See Legal, and Tolerate.] A lawgiver; one who makes laws for a state or community; a member of a legislative body.
The legislators in ancient and heroical times. Bacon.
Many of the legislators themselves had taken an oath of abjuration of his Majesty's person and family. E. Phillips.

Legislatorial

Leg`is*la*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a legislator or legislature.

Legislatorship

Leg"is*la`tor*ship (?), n. The office of a legislator. Halifax.

Legislatress, Legislatrix

Leg"is*la`tress (?), Leg"is*la`trix (?), n. A woman who makes laws. Shaftesbury.

Legislature

Leg"is*la`ture (?), n. [Cf. F. l\'82gislature.] The body of persons in a state or kingdom invested with power to make and repeal laws; a legislative body.
Without the concurrent consent of all three parts of the legislature, no law is, or can be, made. Sir M. Hale.
&hand; The legislature of Great Britain consists of the Lords and Commons, with the king or queen, whose sanction is necessary to every bill before it becomes a law. The legislatures of most of the United States consist of two houses or branches; but the sanction or consent of the governor is required to give their acts the force of law, or a concurrence of two thirds of the two houses after he has refused his sanction and assigned his objections.

Legist

Le"gist (?), n. [F. l\'82giste, LL. legista, fr. L. lex, legis, law. See Legal.] One skilled in the laws; a writer on law. Milman. J. Morley.

Legitim

Le*git"im (?), n. [See Legitimate, a.] (Scots Law) The portion of movable estate to which the children are entitled upon the death of the father.

Legitimacy

Le*git"i*ma*cy (?), n. [See Legitimate, a.] The state, or quality, of being legitimate, or in conformity with law; hence, the condition of having been lawfully begotten, or born in wedlock.
The doctrine of Divine Right, which has now come back to us, like a thief from transportation, under the alias of Legitimacy. Macaulay.

Legitimate

Le*git"i*mate (?), a. [LL. legitimatus, p. p. of legitimare to legitimate, fr. L. legitimus legitimate. See Legal.]

1. Accordant with law or with established legal forms and requirements; lawful; as, legitimate government; legitimate rights; the legitimate succession to the throne; a legitimate proceeding of an officer; a legitimate heir.

2. Lawfully begotten; born in wedlock.

3. Authorized; real; genuine; not false, counterfeit, or spurious; as, legitimate poems of Chaucer; legitimate inscriptions.

4. Conforming to known principles, or accepted rules; as, legitimate reasoning; a legitimate standard, or method; a legitimate combination of colors.

Tillotson still keeps his place as a legitimate English classic. Macaulay.

5. Following by logical sequence; reasonable; as, a legitimate result; a legitimate inference.

Legitimate

Le*git"i*mate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Legitimated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Legitimating (?).] To make legitimate, lawful, or valid; esp., to put in the position or state of a legitimate person before the law, by legal means; as, to legitimate a bastard child.
To enact a statute of that which he dares not seem to approve, even to legitimate vice. Milton.

Legitimately

Le*git"i*mate*ly (?), adv. In a legitimate manner; lawfully; genuinely.

Legitimateness

Le*git"i*mate*ness, n. The state or quality of being legitimate; lawfulness; genuineness.

Legitimation

Le*git`i*ma"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. l\'82gitimation.]

1. The act of making legitimate.

The coining or legitimation of money. East.

2. Lawful birth. [R.] Shak.

Legitimatist

Le*git"i*ma*tist (?), n. See Legitimist.

Legitimatize

Le*git"i*ma*tize (?), v. t. To legitimate.

Legitimism

Le*git"i*mism (?), n. The principles or plans of legitimists.

Legitimist

Le*git"i*mist (?), n. [Cf. F. l\'82gitimiste.]

1. One who supports legitimate authority; esp., one who believes in hereditary monarchy, as a divine right.

2. Specifically, a supporter of the claims of the elder branch of the Bourbon dynasty to the crown of France.


Page 842

Legitimize

Le*git"i*mize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Legitimized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Legitimizing.] To legitimate.

Legless

Leg"less (?), a. Not having a leg.

Lego-literary

Le"go-lit"er*a*ry (?), a. [See Legal, and Literary.] Pertaining to the literature of law.

Leguleian

Le`gu*le"ian (?), a. [L. leguleius pettifogger, fr. lex, legis, law.] Lawyerlike; legal. [R.] "Leguleian barbarism." De Quincey. -- n. A lawyer.

Legume

Leg"ume (?), n. [F. l\'82gume, L. legumen, fr. legere to gather. So called because they may be gathered without cutting. See Legend.]

1. (Bot.) A pod dehiscent into two pieces or valves, and having the seed attached at one suture, as that of the pea. &hand; In the latter circumstance, it differs from a siliqua, in which the seeds are attached to both sutures. In popular use, a legume is called a pod, or cod; as, pea pod, or peas cod.

2. pl. The fruit of leguminous plants, as peas, beans, lupines; pulse.

Legumen

Le*gu"men (?), n.; pl> L. Legumina (#), E. Legumens (#). [L.] Same as Legume.

Legumin

Le*gu"min (?), n. [Cf. F. l\'82gumine.] (Physiol. Chem.) An albuminous substance resembling casein, found as a characteristic ingredient of the seeds of leguminous and grain-bearing plants.

Leguminous

Le*gu"mi*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. l\'82gumineux.]

1. Pertaining to pulse; consisting of pulse.

2. (Bot.) Belonging to, or resembling, a very large natural order of plants (Leguminos\'91), which bear legumes, including peas, beans, clover, locust trees, acacias, and mimosas.

Leiger

Lei"ger (?), n. [See Leger, and Ledger.] See Leger, n., 2. [Obs.] Shak.

Leiotrichan

Lei*ot"ri*chan (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Leiotrichi. -- n. One of the Leiotrichi.

Leiotrichi

Lei*ot"ri*chi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anthropol.) The division of mankind which embraces the smooth-haired races.

Leiotrichous

Lei*ot"ri*chous (?), a. [See Leiotrichi.] (Anthropol.) Having smooth, or nearly smooth, hair.

Leipoa

Lei*po"a (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Australian gallinaceous birds including but a single species (Leipoa ocellata), about the size of a turkey. Its color is variegated, drown, black, white, and gray. Called also native pheasant. &hand; It makes large mounds of sand and vegetable material, in which its eggs are laid to be hatched by the heat of the decomposing mass.

Leipothymic

Lei`po*thym"ic (?), a. See Lipothymic.

Leister, Lister

Leis"ter, Lis"ter (?), n. A spear armed with three or more prongs, for striking fish. [Scotland]

Leisurable

Lei"sur*a*ble (?), a. [See Leisure.]

1. Leisurely. [Obs.] Hooker.

2. Vacant of employment; not occupied; idle; leisure; as leisurable hours. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Leisurably

Lei"sur*a*bly, adv. At leisure. [Obs.]

Leisure

Lei"sure (?) n. [OE. leisere, leiser, OF.leisir, F. loisir, orig., permission, fr. L. licere to be permitted. See License.]

1. Freedom from occupation or business; vacant time; time free from employment.

The desire of leisure is much more natural than of business and care. Sir W. Temple.

2. Time at one's command, free from engagement; convenient opportunity; hence, convenience; ease.

He sighed, and had no leisure more to say. Dryden.
At leisure. (a) Free from occupation; not busy. (b) In a leisurely manner; at a convenient time.

Leisure

Lei"sure, a. Unemployed; as, leisure hours.

Leisured

Lei"sured (?), a.Having leisure. "The leisured classes." Gladstone.

Leisurely

Lei"sure*ly (?), a. Characterized by leisure; taking abundant tome; not hurried; as, a leisurely manner; a leisurely walk.

Leisurely

Lei"sure*ly, adv. In a leisurely manner. Addison.

Leitmotif

Leit"mo*tif" (?), n. [G.] (Mus.) See Leading motive, under Leading, a.

Leman

Le"man (?), n. [OE. lemman, legman; AS.le\'a2f dear + mann man. See Lief, and Man.] A sweetheart, of either sex; a gallant, or a mistress; -- usually in a bad sense. [Archaic] Chaucer. Spenser. Shak.

Leme

Leme (?), n. [OE. leem, leme, leam, AS. le\'a2ma light, brightness; akin to E. light, n. &root;122.] A ray or glimmer of light; a gleam. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lame

Lame, v. i. To shine. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Lemma

Lem"ma (?), n.; pl. L. Lemmata (#), E. Lemmas (#). [L. lemma, Gr. Syllable.] A preliminary or auxiliary proposition demonstrated or accepted for immediate use in the demonstration of some other proposition, as in mathematics or logic.

Lemman

Lem"man (?), n. A leman. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lemming

Lem"ming (?), n. [Nor. lemming, lemende; cf. Sw. lemel, Lapp. lummik.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small arctic rodents of the genera Myodes and Cuniculus, resembling the meadow mice in form. They are found in both hemispheres. &hand; The common Northern European lemming (Myodes lemmus) is remarkable for making occasional devastating migrations in enormous numbers from the mountains into the lowlands.

Lemnian

Lem"ni*an (?), a. [L. Lemnius, fr. Lemnus, Gr. Of or pertaining to the isle of Lemnos. Lemnian bole, Lemnian earth, an aluminous earth of a grayish yellow color; sphragide; -- formerly sold as medicine, having astringent properties. -- Lemnian reddle, a reddle of firm consistence and deep red color; -- used by artificers in coloring.

Lemniscata, Lemniscate

Lem`nis*ca"ta (?), Lem*nis"cate (?), n. [L. lemniscatus adorned with ribbons, fr. lemniscus a ribbon having down, Gr. (Geom.) A curve in the form of the figure 8, with both parts symmetrical, generated by the point in which a tangent to an equilateral hyperbola meets the perpendicular on it drawn from the center.

Lemniscus

Lem*nis"cus (?), n.; pl. Lemnisci () [L. See Lemniscata.] (Zo\'94l.) One of two oval bodies hanging from the interior walls of the body in the Acanthocephala.

Lemon

Lem"on (?), n. [F. limon, Per. lim; cf. Ar.laim, Sp. limon, It. limone. Cf. Lime a fruit.]

1. (Bot.) An oval or roundish fruit resembling the orange, and containing a pulp usually intensely acid. It is produced by a tropical tree of the genus Citrus,the common fruit known in commerce being that of the species C. Limonum or C. Medica (var. Limonum). There are many varieties of the fruit, some of which are sweet.

2. The tree which bears lemons; the lemon tree. Lemon grass (Bot.), a fragrant East Indian grass (Andropogon Sh\'d2nanthus, and perhaps other allied species), which yields the grass oil used in perfumery. -- Lemon sole (Zo\'94l.), a yellow European sole (Solea aurantiaca). -- Salts of lemon (Chem.), a white crystalline substance, inappropriately named, as it consists of an acid potassium oxalate and contains no citric acid, which is the characteristic acid of lemon; -- called also salis of sorrel. It is used in removing ink stains. See Oxalic acid, under Oxalic. [Colloq.] <-- Lemon adj. 1. of the color lemon-yellow. 2. of or relating to lemons, as lemon pie. -->

Lemonade

Lem`on*ade" (?), n. [F. limonade; cf. Sp. limonada, It. limonata. See Lemon.] A beverage consisting of lemon juice mixed with water and sweetened.

Lemur

Le"mur (?), n. [L., a ghost, specter. So called on account of its habit of going abroad by night.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a family (Lemurid\'91) of nocturnal mammals allied to the monkeys, but of small size, and having a sharp and foxlike muzzle, and large eyes. They feed upon birds, insects, and fruit, and are mostly natives of Madagascar and the neighboring islands, one genus (Galago) occurring in Africa. The slow lemur or kukang of the East Indies is Nycticebus tardigradus. See Galago, Indris, and Colugo.

Lemures

Lem"u*res (?), n. pl. [L. See Lemur.] Spirits or ghosts of the departed; specters.
The Lars and Lemures moan with midnight plaint. Milton.

Lemuria

Le*mu"ri*a (?), n. [So named from the supposition that it was the original home of the lemurs.] A hypothetical land, or continent, supposed by some to have existed formerly in the Indian Ocean, of which Madagascar is a remnant. Herschel.

Lemurid

Lem"u*rid (?), a. & n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Lemuroid.

Lemuridous, Lemurine

Le*mu"ri*dous (?), Lem"u*rine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Lemuroid.

Lemuroid

Lem"u*roid (?), a. [Lemur + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the lemurs or the Lemuroidea. -- n. One of the Lemuroidea.

Lemuroidea

Lem`u*roi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Lemur, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of primates, including the lemurs, the aye-aye, and allied species. [Written also Lemuroida.]

Lena

Le"na (?), n. [L.] A procuress. J. Webster.

Lend

Lend (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lent ; p. pr. & vb. n. Lending.] [OE.lenen, AS. l, fr. l loan; akin to G. lehnen to lend. See Loan.]

1. To allow the custody and use of, on condition of the return of the same; to grant the temporary use of; as, to lend a book; -- opposed to borrow.

Give me that ring. I'll lend it thee, my dear, but have no power To give it from me. Shak.

2. To allow the possession and use of, on condition of the return of an equivalent in kind; as, to lend money or some article of food.

Thou shalt not give him thy money upon usury, nor lend him thy victuals for increase. Levit. xxv. 37.

3. To afford; to grant or furnish in general; as, to lend assistance; to lend one's name or influence.

Cato, lend me for a while thy patience. Addison.
Mountain lines and distant horizons lend space and largeness to his compositions. J. A. Symonds.

4. To let for hire or compensation; as, to lend a horse or gig. &hand; This use of the word is rare in the United States, except with reference to money. To lend a hand, to give assistance; to help. [Colloq.] -- To lend an ear ∨ one's ears, to give attention.

Lendable

Lend"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be lent. Sherwood.

Lender

Lend"er (?), n. One who lends.
The borrower is servant to the lender. Prov. xxii. 7.

Lendes

Lend"es (?), n. pl. See Lends. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lending

Lend"ing, n.

1. The act of one who lends.

2. That which is lent or furnished.

Lends

Lends (?), n. pl. [AS. lend, lenden; akin to D. & G. lende, OHG. lenti, Icel. lend, and perh to E. loin.] Loins. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Lene

Lene (?), v. i. [See Lend.] To lend; to grant; to permit. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lene

Le"ne (?), a. [L. lenis smooth.] (Phonetics) (a) Smooth; as, the lene breathing. (b) Applied to certain mute consonants, as p, k, and t. (or Gr. π, κ, τ.). W. E. Jelf.

Lene

Le"ne, n. (Phonetics) (a) The smooth breathing (spiritus lenis). (b) Any one of the lene consonants, as p, k, or i (or Gr. π, κ, τ.). W. E. Jelf.

Lenger, Lengest

Leng"er (?), Leng"est, a. Longer; longest; -- obsolete compar. and superl. of long. Chaucer.

Length

Length (?), n. [OE. lengthe, AS. leng, fr. land, long, long; akin to D. lengte, Dan. l\'91ngde, Sw. l\'84ngd, Icel. lengd. See Long, a. ]

1. The longest, or longer, dimension of any object, in distinction from breadth or width; extent of anything from end to end; the longest line which can be drawn through a body, parallel to its sides; as, the length of a church, or of a ship; the length of a rope or line.

2. A portion of space or of time considered as measured by its length; -- often in the plural.

Large lengths of seas and shores. Shak.
The future but a length behind the past. Dryden.

3. The quality or state of being long, in space or time; extent; duration; as, some sea birds are remarkable for the length of their wings; he was tired by the length of the sermon, and the length of his walk.

4. A single piece or subdivision of a series, or of a number of long pieces which may be connected together; as, a length of pipe; a length of fence.

5. Detail or amplification; unfolding; continuance as, to pursue a subject to a great length.

May Heaven, great monarch, still augment your bliss. With length of days and every day like this. Dryden.

6. Distance.[Obs.]

He had marched to the length of Exeter. Clarendon.
At length. (a) At or in the full extent; without abbreviation; as, let the name be inserted at length. (b) At the end or conclusion; after a long period. See Syn. of At last, under Last. -- At arm's length. See under Arm.

Length

Length, v. i. To lengthen. [Obs.] Shak.

Lengthen

Length"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lengthenel (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lengthening (?).] To extent in length; to make longer in extent or duration; as, to lengthen a line or a road; to lengthen life; -- sometimes followed by out.
What if I please to lengthen out his date. Dryden.

Lengthen

Length"en, v. i. To become longer. Locke.

Lengthful

Length"ful (?), a. Long. [Obs.] Pope.

Lengthily

Length"i*ly (?), adv. In a lengthy manner; at great length or extent.

Lengthiness

Length"i*ness, n. The state or quality of being lengthy; prolixity.

Lengthways, Lengthwise

Length"ways` (?), Length"wise` (?), adv. In the direction of the length; in a longitudinal direction.

Lengthy

Length"y (?), a. [Compar. Lengthier (?); superl. Lengthiest.] Having length; rather long or too long; prolix; not brief; -- said chiefly of discourses, writings, and the like. "Lengthy periods." Washington. "Some lengthy additions." Byron. "These would be details too lengthy." Jefferson. "To cut short lengthy explanations." Trench.

Lenience, Leniency

Le"ni*ence (?), Le"ni*en*cy, n. The quality or state of being lenient; lenity; clemency.

Leniont

Le"ni*ont (?), a. [L. leniens, -entis, p. pr. of lenire to soften, fr. lenis soft, mild. Cf. Lithe.]

1. Relaxing; emollient; softening; assuasive; -- some "Lenient of grief." Milton.

Of relax the fibers, are lenient, balsamic. Arbuthnot.
Time, that on all things lays his lenient hand. Pope.

2. Mild; clement; merciful; not rigorous or severe; as, a lenient disposition; a lenient judge or sentence.

Lenient

Le"ni*ent, n. (Med.) A lenitive; an emollient.

Leniently

Le"ni*ent*ly, adv. In a lenient manner.

Lenify

Len"i*fy (?), v. t. [L. lenis soft, mild + -fy: cf. F.l\'82nifier.] To assuage; to soften; to Bacon. Dryden.

Leniment

Len"i*ment (?), n. [L. lenimentum: cf. OF. leniment. See Lenient.] An assuasive. [Obs.]

Lenitive

Len"i*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. l\'82nitif. See Lenient.] Having the quality of softening or mitigating, as pain or acrimony; assuasive; emollient.

Lenitive

Len"i*tive, n. [Cf. F. l\'82nitif.]

1. (Med.) (a) A medicine or application that has the quality of easing pain or protecting from the action of irritants. (b) A mild purgative; a laxative.

2. That which softens or mitigates; that which tends to allay passion, excitement, or pain; a palliative.

There is one sweet Lenitive at least for evils, which Nature holds out; so I took it kindly at her hands, and fell asleep. Sterne.

Lenitiveness

Len"i*tive*ness, n. The quality of being lenitive.

Lenitude

Len"i*tude (?), n. [L. lenitudo.] The quality or habit of being lenient; lenity. [Obs.] Blount.

Lenity

Len"i*ty (?), n. [L. lenitas, fr. lenis soft, mild: cf. OF. lenit\'82. See Lenient.] The state or quality of being lenient; mildness of temper or disposition; gentleness of treatment; softness; tenderness; clemency; -- opposed to severity and rigor.
His exceeding lenity disposes us to be somewhat too severe. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Gentleness; kindness; tenderness; softness; humanity; clemency; mercy.

Lenni-Lenape

Len`ni-Len*a"pe (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) A general name for a group of Algonquin tribes which formerly occupied the coast region of North America from Connecticut to Virginia. They included the Mohicans, Delawares, Shawnees, and several other tribes.
Page 843

Leno

Le"no (?), n. [Cf. It. leno weak, flexible.] A light open cotton fabric used for window curtains.

Lenocinant

Le*noc"i*nant (?), a. [L. lenocinans, p. pr. of lenocinari to pander, cajole; akin to leno pimp.] Given to lewdness. [Obs.]

Lens

Lens (?), n.; pl. Lenses (-&ecr;z). [L. lens a lentil. So named from the resemblance in shape of a double convex lens to the seed of a lentil. Cf. Lentil.] (Opt.) A piece of glass, or other transparent substance, ground with two opposite regular surfaces, either both curved, or one curved and the other plane, and commonly used, either singly or combined, in optical instruments, for changing the direction of rays of light, and thus magnifying objects, or otherwise modifying vision. In practice, the curved surfaces are usually spherical, though rarely cylindrical, or of some other figure.
Lenses
&hand; Of spherical lenses, there are six varieties, as shown in section in the figures herewith given: viz., a plano-concave; b double-concave; c plano-convex; d double-convex; converging concavo-convex, or converging meniscus; f diverging concavo-convex, or diverging meniscus. Crossed lens (Opt.), a double-convex lens with one radius equal to six times the other. -- Crystalline lens. (Anat.) See Eye. -- Fresnel lens (Opt.), a compound lens formed by placing around a central convex lens rings of glass so curved as to have the same focus; used, especially in lighthouses, for concentrating light in a particular direction; -- so called from the inventor. -- Multiplying lens ∨ glass (Opt.), a lens one side of which is plane and the other convex, but made up of a number of plane faces inclined to one another, each of which presents a separate image of the object viewed through it, so that the object is, as it were, multiplied. -- Polyzonal lens. See Polyzonal.

Lent

Lent (?), imp. & p. p. of Lend.

Lent

Lent, n. [OE. lente, lenten, leynte, AS. lengten, lencten, spring, lent, akin to D. lente, OHG. lenzin, langiz, G. lenz, and perh. fr. AS. lang long, E. long, because at this season of the year the days lengthen.] (Eccl.) A fast of forty days, beginning with Ash Wednesday and continuing till Easter, observed by some Christian churches as commemorative of the fast of our Savior.

Lent lily

Lent lily (Bot.), the daffodil; -- so named from its blossoming in spring.

Lent

Lent, a. [L. lentus; akin to lenis soft, mild: cf. F. lent. See Lenient.]

1. Slow; mild; gentle; as, lenter heats. [Obs.] B.Jonson.

2. (Mus.) See Lento.

Lentamente

Len`ta*men"te (?); adv. [It.] (Mus.) Slowly; in slow time.

Lentando

Len*tan"do (?), a. [It., p. pr. of lentare to make slow. See Lent, a.] (Mus.) Slackening; retarding. Same as Rallentando.

Lenten

Lent"en (?), n. Lent. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Lenten

Lent"en, a. [From OE. lenten lent. See Lent, n. ]

1. Of or pertaining to the fast called Lent; used in, or suitable to, Lent; as, the Lenten season.

She quenched her fury at the flood. And with a Lenten salad cooled her blood. Dryden.

2. Spare, meager; plain; somber; unostentatious; not abundant or showy. "Lenten entertainment." " Lenten answer." Shak. " Lenten suit." Beau. & Fl.

Lenten color, black or violet. F. G. Lee.

Lententide

Lent"en*tide` (?), n. The season of Lenten or Lent.

Lenticel

Len"ti*cel (?), n. [F. lenticelle, dim. fr. L. lens, lentis, a lentil. Cf. Lentil.] (Bot.) (a) One of the small, oval, rounded spots upon the stem or branch of a plant, from which the underlying tissues may protrude or roots may issue, either in the air, or more commonly when the stem or branch is covered with water or earth. (b) A small, lens-shaped gland on the under side of some leaves.

Lenticellame

Len`ti*cel"lame (?), a. (Bot.) Producing lenticels; dotted with lenticels.

Lenticelle

Len`ti*celle" (?), n. [F.] (Bot.) Lenticel.

Lenticula

Len*tic"u*la (?), n.; pl. E. Lenticulas (#), L. Lenticul\'91 (#). [L. See Lenticel.]

1. (Med.) A kind of eruption upon the skin; lentigo; freckle.

2. (Opt.) A lens of small size.

3. (Bot.) A lenticel.

Lenticular

Len*tic"u*lar (?), a. [L. lenticularis: cf. F. lenticulaire. See Lenticel.] Resembling a lentil in size or form; having the form of a double-convex lens.

Lenticularly

Len*tic"u*lar*ly, adv. In the manner of a lens; with a curve.

Lentiform

Len"ti*form (?), a. [L. lens, lentis, lentil + -form: cf. F. lentifarme,] Lenticular.

Lentiginose

Len*tig"i*nose` (?), a. [See Lentiginous.] (Bot.) Bearing numerous dots resembling freckles.

Lentiginous

Len*tig"i*nous (?), a. [L. lentiginosus. See Lentigo.] Of or pertaining to lentigo; freckly; scurfy; furfuraceous.

Lentigo

Len*ti"go (?), n. [L., fr. lens, lentis, lentil.] (Med.) A freckly eruption on the skin; freckles.

Lentil

Len"til (?), n. [F. lentille, fr. L. lenticula, dim. of lens, lentis, lentil. Cf. Lens.] (Bot.) A leguminous plant of the genus Ervum (Ervum Lens), of small size, common in the fields in Europe. Also, its seed, which is used for food on the continent. &hand; The lentil of the Scriptures probably included several other vetchlike plants. Lentil shell (Zo\'94l.), a small bivalve shell of the genus Ervillia, family Tellinid\'91.

Lentiscus, Lentisk

Len*tis"cus (?), Len"tisk (?),, n. [L. lentiscus, lentiscum: cf. F. lentisque.] (Bot.) A tree; the mastic. See Mastic.

Lentitude

Len"ti*tude (?), n. [L. lentitudo, fr. lentus slow: cf. OF. lentitude. See Lent, a.] Slowness; sluggishness. [Obs.]

Lento

Len"to (?), a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Slow; in slow time; slowly; -- rarely written lente.

Lentoid

Len"toid (?), a. [Lens + -oid.] Having the form of a lens; lens-shaped.

Lentor

Len"tor (?), n. [L. fr. lentus pliant, tough, slow. See Lent, a.]

1. Tenacity; viscidity; viscidity, as of fluids.

2. Slowness; delay; sluggishness. Arbuthnot.

Lentous

Len"tous (?), a. [L. lentus. See Lentor.] Viscid; viscous; tenacious.
Spawn of a lentous and transparent body. Sir T. Browne.

L'envoi, ∨ L'envoy

L'en`voi", ∨ L'en`voy" (
, n. [F. le the + envei a sending. See Envoy.]

1. One or more detached verses at the end of a literary composition, serving to convey the moral, or to address the poem to a particular person; -- orig. employed in old French poetry. Shak.

2. A conclusion; a result. Massinger.

Leo

Le"o (?), n. [L. See Lion.] (Astron.)

1. The Lion, the fifth sign of the zodiac, marked thus

2. A northern constellation east of Cancer, containing the bright star Regulus at the end of the handle of the Sickle. Leo Minor, a small constellation between Leo and the Great Bear.

Leod

Le"od (?), n. [AS.le\'a2d people, nation, man, chief; akin to OS. liud, OHG. liut, pl. liuti, G.leute, pl., fr. AS.le\'a2dan to grow, akin to Goth. liudan, OS. liodan, OHG. liotan to grow; cf. Skr. ruh. ] People; a nation; a man. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Bp. Gibson.

Leon

Le"on (?), n. A lion. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Leonced

Le"onced (?), a. (Her.) See Lionced.

Leonese

Le`o*nese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Leon, in Spain. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of Leon.

Leonid

Le"o*nid, n. [From Leo: cf. F. l\'82onides, pl.] (Astron.) One of the shooting stars which constitute the star shower that recurs near the fourteenth of November at intervals of about thirty-three years; so called because shooting stars appear on the heavens to move in lines directed from the constellation Leo.

Leonine

Le"o*nine (?), a. [L. leoninus, fr. leo, leonis, lion: cf. F. l\'82onin. See Lion.] Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the lion; as, a leonine look; leonine repacity. -- Le"o*nine*ly, adv. Leonine verse, a kind of verse, in which the end of the line rhymes with the middle; -- so named from Leo, or Leoninus, a Benedictine and canon of Paris in the twelfth century, who wrote largely in this measure, though he was not the inventor. The following line is an example:
Gloria factorum temere conceditur horum.

Leontodon

Le*on"to*don (?), n. [Gr. Lion's-tooth, Dandelion.] (Bot.) A genus of liguliflorous composite plants, including the fall dandelion (L. autumnale), and formerly the true dandelion; -- called also lion's tooth.

Leopard

Leop"ard (?), n. [OE. leopart, leparde, lebarde, libbard, OF. leopard, liepart, F. l\'82opard, L. leopardus, fr. Gr. Lion, and Pard.] (Zo\'94l.) A large, savage, carnivorous mammal (Felis leopardus). It is of a yellow or fawn color, with rings or roselike clusters of black spots along the back and sides. It is found in Southern Asia and Africa. By some the panther (Felis pardus) is regarded as a variety of leopard. Hunting leopard. See Cheetah. Leopard cat (Zo\'94l.) any one of several species or varieties of small, spotted cats found in Africa, Southern Asia, and the East Indies; esp., Felis Bengalensis. -- Leopard marmot. See Gopher, 2.

Leopard's bane

Leop"ard's bane` (?). (Bot.) A name of several harmless plants, as Arnica montana, Senecio Doronicum, and Paris quadrifolia.

Leopardwood

Leop"ard*wood`, n. (Bot.) See Letterwood.

Lep

Lep (?), obs. strong imp. of Leap. Leaped. Chaucer.

Lepadite 2

Lep"a*dite 2, n. [L. lepas, lepadis, limpet, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Lepadoid.

Lepadoid

Lep"a*doid (?), n. [Lepas + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) A stalked barnacle of the genus Lepas, or family Lepadid\'91; a goose barnacle. Also used adjectively.

Lepal

Lep"al (?), n. [Gr. l\'82pale.] (Bot.) A sterile transformed stamen.

Lepas

Le"pas (?), n. [L., a limpet, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of various species of Lepas, a genus of pedunculated barnacles found attached to floating timber, bottoms of ships, Gulf weed, etc.; -- called also goose barnacle. See Barnacle.

Leper

Lep"er (?), n. [OE. lepre leprosy, F. l\'8apre, L. leprae, lepra, fr. Gr. A person affected with leprosy.

Lepered

Lep"ered (?), a. Affected or tainted with leprosy.

Leperize

Lep"er*ize (?), v. t. To affect with leprosy.

Leperous

Lep"er*ous (?), a. Leprous; infectious; corrupting; poisonous. "The leperous distillment." Shak.

Lepid

Lep"id (?), a. [L. lepidus.] Pleasant; jocose. [R.]
The joyous and lepid consul. Sydney Smith.

Lepidine

Lep"i*dine (?), n. (Chem.) An organic base, C9H6.N.CH3, metameric with quinaldine, and obtained by the distillation of cinchonine.

Lepidodendrid

Lep`i*do*den"drid (?), n. (Paleon.) One of an extinct family of trees allied to the modern club mosses, and including Lepidodendron and its allies.

Lepidodendroid

Lep`i*do*den"droid (?), a. (Paleon.) Allied to, or resembling, Lepidodendron. -- n. A lepidodendrid.

Lepidodendron

Lep`i*do*den"dron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of fossil trees of the Devonian and Carboniferous ages, having the exterior marked with scars, mostly in quincunx order, produced by the separation of the leafstalks.

Lepidoganoid

Lep`i*do*ga"noid (?), n. [Gr. ganoid.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of a division (Lepidoganoidei) of ganoid fishes, including those that have scales forming a coat of mail. Also used adjectively.

Lepidolite

Le*pid"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite: cf. F. l\'82pidolithe.] (Min.) A species of mica, of a lilac or rose-violet color, containing lithia. It usually occurs in masses consisting of small scales. See Mica.

Lepidomelane

Lep`i*dom"e*lane (?), n. [Fr. (Min.) An iron-potash mica, of a raven-black color, usually found in granitic rocks in small six-sided tables, or as an aggregation of minute opaque scales. See Mica.

Lepidopter

Lep`i*dop"ter (?), n. [Cf. F. l\'82pidopt\'8are.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Lepidoptera.

Lepidoptera

Lep`i*dop"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of insects, which includes the butterflies and moths. They have broad wings, covered with minute overlapping scales, usually brightly colored. &hand; They have a tubular proboscis, or haustellum, formed by the two slender maxill\'91. The labial palpi are usually large, and the proboscis, when not in use, can be coiled up spirally between them. The mandibles are rudimentary. The larv\'91, called caterpillars, are often brightly colored, and they commonly feed on leaves. The adults feed chiefly on the honey of flowers.

Lepidopteral, Lepidopterous

Lep`i*dop"ter*al (?), Lep`i*dop"ter*ous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Lepidoptera.

Lepidopterits

Lep`i*dop"ter*its, n. (Zo\'94l.) One who studies the Lepidoptera.

Lepidosauria

Lep`i*do*sau"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of reptiles, including the serpents and lizards; the Plagiotremata.

Lepidosiren

Lep`i*do*si"ren (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An eel-shaped ganoid fish of the order Dipnoi, having both gills and lungs. It inhabits the rivers of South America. The name is also applied to a related African species (Protopterus annectens). The lepidosirens grow to a length of from four to six feet. Called also doko.

Lepidote, Lepidoted

Lep"i*dote (?), Lep"i*do`ted (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having a coat of scurfy scales, as the leaves of the oleaster.

Lepisma

Le*pis"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of wingless thysanurous insects having an elongated flattened body, covered with shining scales and terminated by seven unequal bristles. A common species (Lepisma saccharina) is found in houses, and often injures books and furniture. Called also shiner, silver witch, silver moth, and furniture bug.<-- also called silverfish. Eats sized paper and starched clothes -->

Lepismoid

Le*pis"moid (?), a. [Lepisma + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the Lepisma.

Leporine

Lep"o*rine (?), a. [L. leporinus, fr. lepus, leporis, hare. See Leveret.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a hare; like or characteristic of, a hare.

Lepra

Le"pra (?), n. [L. See Leper.] (Med.) Leprosy. &hand; The term lepra was formerly given to various skin diseases, the leprosy of modern authors being Lepra Arabum. See Leprosy.
Page 844

Lepre

Lep"re (?), n. Leprosy.[Obs.] Wyclif.

Leprose

Lep"rose` (?), a. [See Leprous.] (Nat. Hist.) Covered with thin, scurfy scales.

Leprosity

Le*pros"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being leprous or scaly; also, a scale. Bacon.

Leprosy

Lep"ro*sy (?), n. [See Leprous.] (Med.) A cutaneous disease which first appears as blebs or as reddish, shining, slightly prominent spots, with spreading edges. These are often followed by an eruption of dark or yellowish prominent nodules, frequently producing great deformity. In one variety of the disease, an\'91sthesia of the skin is a prominent symptom. In addition there may be wasting of the muscles, falling out of the hair and nails, and distortion of the hands and feet with destruction of the bones and joints. It is incurable, and is probably contagious.<-- caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae, curable in most cases by therapy with a combination of antibiotics, but cases resistant to therapy are increasing. --> &hand; The disease now called leprosy, also designated as Lepra or Lepra Arabum, and Elephantiasis Gr\'91corum, is not the same as the leprosy of the ancients. The latter was, indeed, a generic name for many varieties of skin disease (including our modern leprosy, psoriasis, etc.), some of which, among the Hebrews, rendered a person ceremonially unclean. A variety of leprosy of the Hebrews (probably identical with modern leprosy) was characterized by the presence of smooth, shining, depressed white patches or scales, the hair on which participated in the whiteness while the skin and adjacent flesh became insensible. It was incurable disease.

Leprous

Lep"rous (?), a. [OF. leprous, lepros, F. l\'82preux, fr. L. leprosus, fr. lepra, leprae, leprosy. See Leper.]

1. Infected with leprosy; pertaining to or resembling leprosy. "His hand was leprous as snow." Ex. iv. 6.

2. (Nat. Hist.) Leprose. -- Lep"rous*ly, adv. -- Lep"rous*ness, n.

Lepry

Lep"ry (?), n. Leprosy. [Obs.] Holland.

Leptiform

Lep"ti*form (?), a. [Leptus + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a form somewhat like leptus; -- said of active insect larv\'91 having three pairs of legs. See Larva.

Leptocardia

Lep`to*car"di*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The lowest class of Vertebrata, including only the Amphioxus. The heart is represented only by a simple pulsating vessel. The blood is colorless; the brain, renal organs, and limbs are wanting, and the backbone is represented only by a simple, unsegmented notochord. See Amphioxus. [Written also Leptocardii.]

Leptocardian

Lep`to*car"di*an (?) a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Leptocardia. -- n. One of the Leptocardia.

Leptodactyl

Lep`to*dac"tyl (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A bird or other animal having slender toes. [Written also lepodactyle.]

Leptodactylous

Lep`to*dac"tyl*ous (?), Having slender toes.

Leptology

Lep*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. A minute and tedious discourse on trifling things.

Leptomeningitis

Lep`to*men`in*gi"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. meningitis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the pia mater or of the arachnoid membrane.

Leptorhine

Lep"to*rhine (?), a. [Gr. , , the nose.] (Anat.) Having the nose narrow; -- said esp. of the skull. Opposed to platyrhine.

Leptostraca

Lep*tos"tra*ca (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of Crustacea, including Nebalia and allied forms.

Leptothrix

Lep"to*thrix (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) A genus of bacteria, characterized by having their filaments very long, slender, and indistinctly articulated.

Leptothrix

Lep"to*thrix, a. [See Leptothrix, n. ] (Biol.) Having the form of a little chain; -- applied to bacteria when, as in multiplication by fission, they form chain of filiform individuals.

Leptus

Lep"tus (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The six-legged young, or larva, of certain mites; -- sometimes used as a generic name. See Harvest mite, under Harvest.

Leptynite

Lep"ty*nite (?), n. (Min.) See Granulite.

Lere

Lere (?), n. [See Lore knowledge.] Learning; lesson; lore. [Obs.] Spenser.

Lere

Lere, v. t. & i. [OE. leeren, leren, AS. l. See Lore, Learn.] To learn; to teach. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lere

Lere, a. Empty. [Obs.] See Lere, a.

Lere

Lere, n. [AS. lira flesh; cf. Icel l\'91r thigh.] Flesh; skin. [Obs.] "His white leer." Chaucer.

Lered

Ler"ed (?), a. [From lere, v. t.] Learned. [Obs.] " Lewed man or lered." Chaucer.

Lern\'91a

Ler*n\'91"a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. Lernaeus Lern\'91an, fr. Lerna, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A Linn\'91an genus of parasitic Entomostraca, -- the same as the family Lern\'91id\'91. &hand; The genus is restricted by modern zo\'94logists to a limited number of species similar to Lern\'91a branchialis found on the gills of the cod.

Lern\'91acea

Ler`n\'91*a"ce*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Lern\'91a.] (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of copepod Crustacea, including a large number of remarkable forms, mostly parasitic on fishes. The young, however, are active and swim freely. See Illustration in Appendix.

Lernean

Ler*ne"an (?), n. [See Lern\'91a.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a family (Lern\'91id\'91) of parasitic Crustacea found attached to fishes and other marine animals. Some species penetrate the skin and flesh with the elongated head, and feed on the viscera. See Illust. in Appendix.

L\'82rot

L\'82`rot" (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) A small European rodent (Eliomys nitela), allied to the dormouse.

Les

Les (?), n. A leash. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lesbian

Les"bi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the island anciently called Lesbos, now Mitylene, in the Grecian Archipelago.

Lese

Lese (?), v. t. To lose. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lese-majesty

Lese`-maj"es*ty (?), n. See Leze majesty.

Lesion

Le"sion (?), n. [F. lesion, L. laesio, fr. laedere, laesum, to hurt, injure.] A hurt; an injury. Specifically: (a) (Civil Law) Loss sustained from failure to fulfill a bargain or contract. Burrill. (b) (Med.) Any morbid change in the exercise of functions or the texture of organs. Dunglison.

-less

-less (?). [AS. le\'a0s loose, false; akin to OS. l loose, false, D. los loose, loos false, sly, G. los loose, Icel. lauss loose, vacant, Goth. laus empty, vain, and also to E. loose, lose. &root;127. See Lose, and cf. Loose, Leasing.] A privative adjective suffix, denoting without, destitute of, not having; as witless, childless, fatherless.

Less

Less (l&ecr;s), conj. Unless. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Less

Less, a. [OE. lesse, AS. l&aemac;ssa; akin to OFries. l&emac;ssa; a compar. from a lost positive form. Cf. Lesser, Lest, Least. Less has the sense of the comparative degree of little.] Smaller; not so large or great; not so much; shorter; inferior; as, a less quantity or number; a horse of less size or value; in less time than before. &hand; The substantive which less qualifies is often omitted; as, the purse contained less (money) than ten dollars. See Less, n.
Thus in less [time] than a hundred years from the coming of Augustine, all England became Christian. E. A. Freeman.

Less

Less, adv. [AS. l. See Less, adj., and cf. Lest.] Not so much; in a smaller or lower degree; as, less bright or loud; less beautiful.

Less

Less, n.

1. A smaller portion or quantity.

The children of Israel did so, and gathered, some more, some less. Ex. xvi. 17.

2. The inferior, younger, or smaller.

The less is blessed of the better. Heb. vii. 7.

Less

Less, v. t. To make less; to lessen. [Obs.] Gower.

Lessee

Les*see" (?), n. [F. laiss\'82, p. p. of laisser. See Lease, v. t.] (Law) The person to whom a lease is given, or who takes an estate by lease. Blackstone.

Lessen

Less"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lessened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lessening.] [From Less, a. ] To make less; to reduce; to make smaller, or fewer; to diminish; to lower; to degrade; as, to lessen a kingdom, or a population; to lessen speed, rank, fortune.
Charity . . . shall lessen his punishment. Calamy.
St. Paul chose to magnify his office when ill men conspired to lessen it. Atterbury.
Syn. -- To diminish; reduce; abate; decrease; lower; impair; weaken; degrade.

Lessen

Less"en, v. i. To become less; to shrink; to contract; to decrease; to be diminished; as, the apparent magnitude of objects lessens as we recede from them; his care, or his wealth, lessened.
The objection lessens much, and comes to no more than this: there was one witness of no good reputation. Atterbury.

Lessener

Less"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, lessens.
His wife . . . is the lessener of his pain, and the augmenter of his pleasure. J. Rogers (1839).

Lesser

Less"er (?), a. [This word is formed by adding anew the compar. suffix -er (in which r is from an original s) to less. See Less, a.] Less; smaller; inferior.
God made . . . the lesser light to rule the night. Gen. i. 15.
&hand; Lesser is used for less, now the compar. of little, in certain special instances in which its employment has become established by custom; as, Lesser Asia (i. e., Asia Minor), the lesser light, and some others; also in poetry, for the sake of the meter, and in prose where its use renders the passage more euphonious.
The more my prayer, the lesser is my grace. Shak.
The larger here, and there the lesser lambs. Pope.
By the same reason may a man, in the state of nature, punish the lesser breaches of the law. Locke.

Lesser

Less"er, adv. Less. [Obs.] Shak.

Lesses

Les"ses (?), n. pl. [F. laiss\'82es, from laisser to leave. See Lease, v. t.] The leavings or dung of beasts.

Lesson

Les"son (?), n. [OE. lessoun, F. le lesson, reading, fr. L. lectio a reading, fr. legere to read, collect. See Legend, and cf. Lection.]

1. Anything read or recited to a teacher by a pupil or learner; something, as a portion of a book, assigned to a pupil to be studied or learned at one time.

2. That which is learned or taught by an express effort; instruction derived from precept, experience, observation, or deduction; a precept; a doctrine; as, to take or give a lesson in drawing." A smooth and pleasing lesson." Milton.

Emprinteth well this lesson in your mind. Chaucer.

3. A portion of Scripture read in divine service for instruction; as, here endeth the first lesson.

4. A severe lecture; reproof; rebuke; warning.

She would give her a lesson for walking so late. Sir. P. Sidney.

5. (Mus.) An exercise; a composition serving an educational purpose; a study.

Lesson

Les"son, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lessoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lessoning.] To teach; to instruct. Shak.
To rest the weary, and to soothe the sad, Doth lesson happier men, and shame at least the bad. Byron.

Lessor

Les"sor (?), n. [See Lessee, Lease, v. t. ] (Law) One who leases; the person who lets to farm, or gives a lease. Blackstone.

Lest

Lest (?), v. i. To listen. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

Lest

Lest, n. [See List to choose.] Lust; desire; pleasure. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lest

Lest, a. Last; least. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lest

Lest, conj. [OE.leste, fr. AS. l the less that, where that, who, which. See The, Less, a.]

1. For

Love not sleep, lest thou come to poverty. Prov. xx. 18.
Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth he standeth take heed lest he fall. I Cor. x. 12.

2. That (without the negative particle); -- after certain expressions denoting fear or apprehension.

I feared Lest I might anger thee. Shak.

-let

-let (?).[From two French dim. endings -el (L. -ellus) and -et, as in bracelet.] A noun suffix having a diminutive force; as in streamlet, armlet.

Let

Let (?), v. t. [OE.letten, AS. lettan to delay, to hinder, fr. l\'91t slow; akin to D. letten to hinder, G. verletzen to hurt, Icel. letja to hold back, Goth. latjan. See Late.] To retard; to hinder; to impede; to oppose. [Archaic]
He was so strong that no man might him let. Chaucer.
He who now letteth will let, until he be taken out of the way. 2. Thess. ii. 7.
Mine ancient wound is hardly whole, And lets me from the saddle. Tennyson.

Let

Let, n.

1. A retarding; hindrance; obstacle; impediment; delay; -- common in the phrase without let or hindrance, but elsewhere archaic. Keats.

Consider whether your doings be to the let of your salvation or not. Latimer.

2. (Lawn Tennis) A stroke in which a ball touches the top of the net in passing over.

Let

Let, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Let (Letted (?), [Obs].); p. pr. & vb. n. Letting.] [OE. leten, l\'91ten (past tense lat, let, p. p. laten, leten, lete), AS. l&aemac;tan (past tense l&emac;t, p. p. l&aemac;ten); akin to OFries. l&emac;ta, OS. l\'betan, D. laten, G. lessen, OHG. l\'bezzan, Icel. l\'beta, Sw. l\'86ta, Dan. lade, Goth. l&emac;tan, and L. lassus weary. The original meaning seems to have been, to let loose, let go, let drop. Cf. Alas, Late, Lassitude, Let to hinder.]

1. To leave; to relinquish; to abandon. [Obs. or Archaic, except when followed by alone or be.]

He . . . prayed him his voyage for to let Chaucer.
Yet neither spins nor cards, ne cares nor frets, But to her mother Nature all her care she lets. Spenser.
Let me alone in choosing of my wife. Chaucer.

2. To consider; to think; to esteem. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. To cause; to make; -- used with the infinitive in the active form but in the passive sense; as, let make, i. e., cause to be made; let bring, i. e., cause to be brought. [Obs.]

This irous, cursed wretch Let this knight's son anon before him fetch. Chaucer.
He . . . thus let do slay hem all three. Chaucer.
Anon he let two coffers make. Gower.

4. To permit; to allow; to suffer; -- either affirmatively, by positive act, or negatively, by neglecting to restrain or prevent. &hand; In this sense, when followed by an infinitive, the latter is commonly without the sign to; as to let us walk, i. e., to permit or suffer us to walk. Sometimes there is entire omission of the verb; as, to let [to be or to go] loose.

Pharaoh said, I will let you go Ex. viii. 28.
If your name be Horatio, as I am let to know it is. Shak.

5. To allow to be used or occupied for a compensation; to lease; to rent; to hire out; -- often with out; as, to let a farm; to let a house; to let out horses.

6. To give, grant, or assign, as a work, privilege, or contract; -- often with out; as, to let the building of a bridge; to let out the lathing and the plastering. &hand; The active form of the infinitive of let, as of many other English verbs, is often used in a passive sense; as, a house to let (i. e., for letting, or to be let). This form of expression conforms to the use of the Anglo-Saxon gerund with to (dative infinitive) which was commonly so employed. See Gerund, 2. " Your elegant house in Harley Street is to let." Thackeray. In the imperative mood, before the first person plural, let has a hortative force. " Rise up, let us go." Mark xiv. 42. " Let us seek out some desolate shade." Shak. To let alone, to leave; to withdraw from; to refrain from interfering with. -- To let blood, to cause blood to flow; to bleed. -- To let down. (a) To lower. (b) To soften in tempering; as to let down tools, cutlery, and the like.<-- to let (someone) down. to disappoint (someone) by filing to perform as expected. --> -- To let drive ∨ fly, to discharge with violence, as a blow, an arrow, or stone. See under Drive, and Fly. -- To let in ∨ into. (a) To permit or suffer to enter; to admit. (b) To insert, or imbed, as a piece of wood, in a recess formed in a surface for the purpose. To let loose, to remove restraint from; to permit to wander at large. -- To let off (a) To discharge; to let fly, as an arrow; to fire the charge of, as a gun. (b) To release, as from an engagement or obligation. [Colloq.] To let out. (a) To allow to go forth; as, to let out a prisoner. (b) To extend or loosen, as the folds of a garment; to enlarge; to suffer to run out, as a cord. (c) To lease; to give out for performance by contract, as a job. (d) To divulge. -- To let slide, to let go; to cease to care for. [Colloq.] " Let the world slide." Shak.

Let

Let, v. i.

1. To forbear. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. To be let or leased; as, the farm lets for $500 a year. See note under Left, v. i. To let on, to tell; to tattle; to divulge something. [Low] -- To let up, to become less severe; to diminish; to cease; as, when the storm lets up. [Colloq.]

Let-alone

Let"-a*lone" (?), a. Letting alone. The let-alone principle, doctrine, ∨ policy. (Polit. Econ.) See Laissez faire.

Letch

Letch (?), v. & n. See Leach.

Letch

Letch, n. [See Lech, Lecher.] Strong desire; passion. (Archaic.)
Some people have a letch for unmasking impostors, or for avenging the wrongs of others. De Quincey.

Letchy

Letch"y (?), a. See Leachy.

Lete

Lete (?), v. t. To let; to leave. [Obs.]

Leten

Let"en (?), obs. p. p. of Lete. Chaucer.

Lethal

Leth"al (?), n. [Lauric + ether + alcohol.] (Chem.) One of the higher alcohols of the paraffine series obtained from spermaceti as a white crystalline solid. It is so called because it occurs in the ethereal salt of lauric acid.
Page 845

Lethal

Le"thal (?), a. [L. lethalis, letalis, fr. lethum, letum, death: cf. F. l\'82thal.] Deadly; mortal; fatal. "The lethal blow." W. Richardson. -- Le"thal*ly, adv.

Lethality

Le*thal"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. l\'82thalit\'82.] The quality of being lethal; mortality.

Lethargic, Lethargical

Le*thar"gic (?), Le*thar"gic*al (?), a. [L. lethargicus, Gr. l\'82thargique. See Lethargy.] Pertaining to, affected with, or resembling, lethargy; morbidly drowsy; dull; heavy. -- Le*thar"gic*al*ly, v. -- Le*thar"gic*al*ness, n. -- Le*thar"gic*ness, n.

Lethargize

Leth"ar*gize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lethargized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lethargizing (?).] To make lethargic.
All bitters are poison, and act by stilling, and depressing, and lethargizing the irritability. Coleridge.

Lethargy

Leth"ar*gy (?), n.; pl. -gies (#). [F. l\'82thargie, L. letgargia, Gr. Lethe.]

1. Morbid drowsiness; continued or profound sleep, from which a person can scarcely be awaked.

2. A state of inaction or indifference.

Europe lay then under a deep lethargy. Atterbury.

Lethargy

Leth"ar*gy, v. t. To lethargize. [Obs.] Shak.

Lethe

Le"the (?), n. [See Lethal.] Death.[Obs.] Shak.

Lethe

Le"the (l&emac;"th&esl;), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Class. Myth.) A river of Hades whose waters when drunk caused forgetfulness of the past.

2. Oblivion; a draught of oblivion; forgetfulness.

Lethean

Le*the"an (?), a. [L. Letha, Gr. Of or pertaining to Lethe; resembling in effect the water of Lethe. Milton. Barrow.

Letheed

Le"theed (?), a. Caused by Lethe. " Letheed dullness." [Obs.] Shak.

Letheon

Le"the*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Sulphuric ether used as an an\'91sthetic agent. [R.]

Letheonize

Le"the*on*ize (?), v. t. To subject to the influence of letheon. [R. or Obs.]

Lethiferous

Le*thif"er*ous (?), a. [L. lethifer, letifer, fr. lethum, letum, death + ferre to bear, to bring: cf. F. l\'82thif\'8are.] Deadly; bringing death or destruction.

Lethy

Le"thy (?), a. Lethean. [Obs.] Marston.

Let-off

Let"-off` (?), n. (Mach.) A device for letting off, releasing, or giving forth, as the warp from the cylinder of a loom.

Lette

Let"te (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Letted.] To let; to hinder. See Let, to hinder. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Letter

Let"ter (?), n. [From Let to permit.] One who lets or permits; one who lets anything for hire.

Letter

Let"ter, n. [From Let to hinder.] One who retards or hinders. [Archaic.]

Letter

Let"ter, n. [OE. lettre, F. lettre, OF. letre, fr. L.littera, litera, a letter; pl., an epistle, a writing, literature, fr. linere, litum, to besmear, to spread or rub over; because one of the earliest modes of writing was by graving the characters upon tablets smeared over or covered with wax. Pliny, xiii. 11. See Leniment, and cf. Literal.]

1. A mark or character used as the representative of a sound, or of an articulation of the human organs of speech; a first element of written language.

And a superscription also was written over him in letters of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew. Luke xxiii. 38.

2. A written or printed communication; a message expressed in intelligible characters on something adapted to conveyance, as paper, parchment, etc.; an epistle.

The style of letters ought to be free, easy, and natural. Walsh.

3. A writing; an inscription. [Obs.]

None could expound what this letter meant. Chaucer.

4. Verbal expression; literal statement or meaning; exact signification or requirement.

We must observe the letter of the law, without doing violence to the reason of the law and the intention of the lawgiver. Jer. Taylor.
I broke the letter of it to keep the sense. Tennyson.

5. (Print.) A single type; type, collectively; a style of type.

Under these buildings . . . was the king's printing house, and that famous letter so much esteemed. Evelyn.

6. pl. Learning; erudition; as, a man of letters.

7. pl. A letter; an epistle. [Obs.] Chaucer. Dead letter, Drop letter, etc. See under Dead, Drop, etc. -- Letter book, a book in which copies of letters are kept. -- Letter box, a box for the reception of letters to be mailed or delivered. -- Letter carrier, a person who carries letters; a postman; specif., an officer of the post office who carries letters to the persons to whom they are addressed, and collects letters to be mailed. -- Letter cutter, one who engraves letters or letter punches. -- Letter lock, a lock that can not be opened when fastened, unless certain movable lettered rings or disks forming a part of in are in such a position (indicated by a particular combination of the letters) as to permit the bolt to be withdrawn.

A strange lock that opens with AMEN. Beau. & Fl.
-- Letter paper, paper for writing letters on; especially, a size of paper intermediate between note paper and foolscap. See Paper. -- Letter punch, a steel punch with a letter engraved on the end, used in making the matrices for type. -- Letters of administration (Law), the instrument by which an administrator or administratrix is authorized to administer the goods and estate of a deceased person. -- Letter of attorney, Letter of credit, etc. See under Attorney, Credit, etc. -- Letter of license, a paper by which creditors extend a debtor's time for paying his debts. -- Letters close ∨ clause (Eng. Law.), letters or writs directed to particular persons for particular purposes, and hence closed or sealed on the outside; -- distinguished from letters patent. Burrill. -- Letters of orders (Eccl.), a document duly signed and sealed, by which a bishop makes it known that he has regularly ordained a certain person as priest, deacon, etc. -- Letters patent, overt, ∨ open (Eng. Law), a writing executed and sealed, by which power and authority are granted to a person to do some act, or enjoy some right; as, letters patent under the seal of England. -- Letter-sheet envelope, a stamped sheet of letter paper issued by the government, prepared to be folded and sealed for transmission by mail without an envelope. -- Letters testamentary (Law), an instrument granted by the proper officer to an executor after probate of a will, authorizing him to act as executor. -- Letter writer. (a) One who writes letters. (b) A machine for copying letters. (c) A book giving directions and forms for the writing of letters.

Letter

Let"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lettered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lettering.] To impress with letters; to mark with letters or words; as, a book gilt and lettered.

Lettered

Let"tered (?), a.

1. Literate; educated; versed in literature. " Are you not lettered?" Shak.

The unlettered barbarians willingly accepted the aid of the lettered clergy, still chiefly of Roman birth, to reduce to writing the institutes of their forefathers. Milman.

2. Of or pertaining to learning or literature; learned. " A lettered education." Collier.

3. Inscribed or stamped with letters. Addison.

Letterer

Let"ter*er (?), n. One who makes, inscribes, or engraves, alphabetical letters.

Lettering

Let"ter*ing, n.

1. The act or business of making, or marking with, letters, as by cutting or painting.

2. The letters made; as, the lettering of a sign.

Letterless

Let"ter*less (?), a.

1. Not having a letter.

2. Illiterate. [Obs.] E. Waterhouse.

Lettern

Let"tern (?), n. See Lecturn.

Letterpress

Let"ter*press" (?), n. Print; letters and words impressed on paper or other material by types; -- often used of the reading matter in distinction from the illustrations.
Letterpress printing, printing directly from type, in distinction from printing from plates.

Letterure

Let"ter*ure (?), n. Letters; literature. [Obs.] "To teach him letterure and courtesy." Chaucer.

Letterwood

Let"ter*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The beautiful and highly elastic wood of a tree of the genus Brosimum (B. Aubletii), found in Guiana; -- so called from black spots in it which bear some resemblance to hieroglyphics; also called snakewood, and leopardwood. It is much used for bows and for walking sticks.

Lettic

Let"tic (?), a. (a) Of or pertaining to the Letts; Lettish. (b) Of or pertaining to a branch of the Slavic family, subdivided into Lettish, Lithuanian, and Old Prussian. -- n. (a) The language of the Letts; Lettish. (b) The language of the Lettic race, including Lettish, Lithuanian, and Old Prussian.

Lettish

Let"tish (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Letts. -- n. The language spoken by the Letts. See Lettic.

Lettrure

Let"trure (?), n. See Letterure. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Letts

Letts (?), n. pl.; sing. Lett (. (Ethnol.) An Indo-European people, allied to the Lithuanians and Old Prussians, and inhabiting a part of the Baltic provinces of Russia.

Lettuce

Let"tuce (?), n. [OE. letuce, prob. through Old French from some Late Latin derivative of L. lactuca lettuce, which, according to Varro, is fr. lac, lactis, milk, on account of the milky white juice which flows from it when it is cut: cf. F. laitue. Cf. Lacteal, Lactucic.] (Bot.) A composite plant of the genus Lactuca (L. sativa), the leaves of which are used as salad. Plants of this genus yield a milky juice, from which lactucarium is obtained. The commonest wild lettuce of the United States is L. Canadensis. Hare's lettuce, Lamb's lettuce. See under Hare, and Lamb. -- Lettuce opium. See Lactucarium. -- Sea lettuce, certain papery green seaweeds of the genus Ulva.

Letuary

Let"u*a*ry (?), n. Electuary. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Letup

Let"*up` (?). n. [See Let to forbear.] Abatement; also, cessation; as, it blew a gale for three days without any let-up. [Colloq.]

Leuc-

Leuc- (?). Same as Leuco-.

Leucadendron

Leu`ca*den"dron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of evergreen shrubs from the Cape of Good Hope, having handsome foliage. Leucadendron argenteum is the silverboom of the colonists.

Leucaniline

Leu*can"i*line (?), n. [Leuc- + aniline.] (Chem.) A colorless, crystalline, organic base, obtained from rosaniline by reduction, and also from other sources. It forms colorless salts.

Leuch\'91mia

Leu*ch\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) See Leucocyth\'91mia. -- Leu*ch\'91m"ic (#), a. [Written also leuk\'91mia, leuk\'91mic.] <-- now (1990) mainly leukemia -->

Leucic, Leucinic

Leu"cic (?), Leu*cin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from leucin, and called also oxycaproic acid.

Leucin

Leu"cin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance formed in the decomposition of albuminous matter by pancreatic digestion, by the action of boiling dilute sulphuric acid, and by putrefaction. It is also found as a constituent of various tissues and organs, as the spleen, pancreas, etc., and likewise in the vegetable kingdom. Chemically it is to be considered as amido-caproic acid. <-- now called "leucine", one of the essential amino acids (not synthesized by the human body, required component for proper nutrition). (CH3)2CH.CH2.CH(NH2)-COOH. L-leucine, the natural form, is present in most proteins. -->

Leucite

Leu"cite (?), n. [Gr.leucite.]

1. (Min.) A mineral having a glassy fracture, occurring in translucent trapezohedral crystals. It is a silicate of alumina and potash. It is found in the volcanic rocks of Italy, especially at Vesuvius.

2. (Bot.) A leucoplast.

Leucitic

Leu*cit"ic (?), a. (Min.) Containing leucite; as, leucitic rocks.

Leucitoid

Leu"ci*toid (?), n. [Leucite + -oid.] (Crystallog.) The trapezohedron or tetragonal trisoctahedron; -- so called as being the form of the mineral leucite.

Leuco-, Leuc-

Leu"co- (?), Leuc- (?).[Gr. A combining form signifying white, colorless; specif. (Chem.), denoting an extensive series of colorless organic compounds, obtained by reduction from certain other colored compounds; as, leucaniline, leucaurin, etc.

Leucocyte

Leu"co*cyte (?), n. [Leuco- + Cr. (Physiol.) A colorless corpuscle, as one of the white blood corpuscles, or those found in lymph, marrow of hone, connective tissue, etc. &hand; They all consist of more or less spherical masses of protoplasm, without any surrounding membrane or wall, and are capable of motion.

Leucocyth\'91mia, Leucocythemia

Leu`co*cy*th\'91"mi*a, Leu`co*cy*the"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A disease in which the white corpuscles of the blood are largely increased in number, and there is enlargement of the spleen, or the lymphatic glands; leuch\'91mia.

Leucocytogenesis

Leu`co*cy`to*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Leucocyte + genesis.] (Physiol.) The formation of leucocytes.

Leucoethiopic

Leu`co*e`thi*op"ic (?), a. [Leuco- + Ethiopic.] White and black; -- said of a white animal of a black species, or the albino of the negro race.

Leucoethiops

Leu`co*e"thi*ops (?), n. [Leuco- + Aethiops.] An albino. [Also written leuc\'d2thiops.]

Leucoline

Leu"co*line (?), n. [Leuc- + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous organic base from coal tar, and identical with quinoline. Cf. Quinoline.

Leucoma

Leu*co"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A white opacity in the cornea of the eye; -- called also albugo.

Leucomaine

Leu*co"ma*ine (?), n. [Leuco- + -maine, as in ptomaine.] (Physiol. Chem.) An animal base or alkaloid, appearing in the tissue during life; hence, a vital alkaloid, as distinguished from a ptomaine or cadaveric poison.

Leuconic

Leu*con"ic (?), a. [Leuc- + croconic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a complex organic acid, obtained as a yellowish white gum by the oxidation of croconic acid.

Leucopathy

Leu*cop"a*thy (?), n. [Leuco- + Gr. The state of an albino, or of a white child of black parents.

Leucophane

Leu"co*phane (?), n. [Gr. leukophan.] (Min.) A mineral of a greenish yellow color; it is a silicate of glucina, lime, and soda with fluorine. Called also leucophanite.

Leucophlegmacy

Leu`co*phleg"ma*cy (?), n. [Gr. leucophlegmasie.] (Med.) A dropsical habit of body, or the commencement of anasarca; paleness, with viscid juices and cold sweats.

Leucophlegmatic

Leu`co*phleg*mat"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. leucophlegmatique, Gr. Having a dropsical habit of body, with a white bloated skin.

Leucophyll

Leu"co*phyll (?), n. [Leuco- + Gr. (Chem.) A colorless substance isomeric with chlorophyll, contained in parts of plants capable of becoming green. Watts.

Leucophyllous

Leu*coph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having white or silvery foliage.

Leucoplast, Leucoplastid

Leu"co*plast (?), Leu`co*plas"tid (?), n. [Leuco- + Gr. (Bot.) One of certain very minute whitish or colorless granules occurring in the protoplasm of plants and supposed to be the nuclei around which starch granules will form.

Leucopyrite

Leu*cop"y*rite (?), n. [Leuco- + pyrites.] (Min.) A mineral of a color between white and steel-gray, with a metallic luster, and consisting chiefly of arsenic and iron.

Leucorrh\'d2a

Leu`cor*rh\'d2"a (?), n. [Leuco- + Gr. "rei^n to flow.] (Med.) A discharge of a white, yellowish, or greenish, viscid mucus, resulting from inflammation or irritation of the membrane lining the genital organs of the female; the whites.<-- leukorrhea, leukorrhagia --> Dunglison.

Leucoryx

Leu"co*ryx (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A large antelope of North Africa (Oryx leucoryx), allied to the gemsbok.

Leucoscope

Leu"co*scope (?), n. [Leuco- + -scope.] (Physics) An instrument, devised by Professor Helmholtz, for testing the color perception of the eye, or for comparing different lights, as to their constituent color or their relative whiteness.

Leucosoid

Leu"co*soid (?), a. [NL. Leucosia, the typical genus (fr. Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the Leucosoidea, a tribe of marine crabs including the box crab or Calappa.

Leucosphere

Leu"co*sphere (?), n. [Leuco- + sphere.] (Astron.) The inner corona. [R.]

Leucoturic

Leu`co*tu"ric (?), a. [Leuco- + allantoic + uric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous organic substance of the uric acid group, called leucoturic acid or oxalantin. See Oxalantin.

Leucous

Leu"cous (?), a. [Gr. White; -- applied to albinos, from the whiteness of their skin and hair.

Leucoxene

Leu*cox"ene (?), n. [Leuco- + Gr. xe`nos stranger.] (Min.) A nearly opaque white mineral, in part identical with titanite, observed in some igneous rocks as the result of the alteration of titanic iron.

Leuk\'91mia

Leu*k\'91"mi*a (?), n. Leucocyth\'91mia.

Leuke, a., Leukeness

Leuke (?), a., Leuke"ness, n.
See Luke, etc.

Leucoplast

Leu"co*plast (?), n. (Bot.) See Leucoplast.

Levana

Le*va"na (?), n. [L., fr. levare to raise.] (Rom. Myth.) A goddess who protected newborn infants.

Levant

Le"vant (?), a. [F., p. pr. of lever to raise.] (Law) Rising or having risen from rest; -- said of cattle. See Couchant and levant, under Couchant.

Levant

Le*vant" (?), n. [It. levante the point where the sum rises, the east, the Levant, fr.levare to raise, levarsi to rise: cf. F. levant. See Lever.]

1. The countries washed by the eastern part of the Mediterranean and its contiguous waters.

2. A levanter (the wind so called).

Levant

Le"vant (?), a. Eastern. [Obs.]
Forth rush the levant and the ponent winds. Milton.

Levant

Le*vant" (?), v. i. [Cf. Sp. levantar to raise, go from one place to another.] To run away from one's debts; to decamp. [Colloq. Eng.] Thackeray.
Page 846

Levanter

Le*vant"er (?), n. [From Levant, v.] One who levants, or decamps. [Colloq. Eng.]

Levanter

Le*vant"er, n. [From Levant, n.] A strong easterly wind peculiar to the Mediterranean. W. H. Russell.

Levantine

Le*vant"ine (?), a. [F. levantin, or It. levantino. See Levant, n.] Of or pertaining to the Levant. J. Spencer.

Levantine

Le*vant"ine, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of the Levant.

2. [F. levantine, or It. levantina.] A stout twilled silk fabric, formerly made in the Levant.

Levari facias

Le*va`ri fa"ci*as (?). [Law L., cause to be levied.] A writ of execution at common law.

Levation

Le*va"tion (?), n. [L. levatio.] The act of raising; elevation; upward motion, as that produced by the action of a levator muscle.

Levator

Le*va"tor (?), n. [NL., fr. L. levare to raise. See Lever, n.]

1. (Anat.) A muscle that serves to raise some part, as the lip or the eyelid.

2. (Surg.) A surgical instrument used to raise a depressed part of the skull.

Leve

Leve (?), a. Dear. See Lief. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Leve

Leve, n. & v. Same as 3d & 4th Leave. [Obs.]

Leve

Leve, v. i. To live. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Leve

Leve, v. t. [OE., fr. AS. l, abbrev. fr. gel. See Believe.] To believe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Leve

Leve, v. t. [OE. leven, AS. l, l. See Leave permission.] To grant; -- used esp. in exclamations or prayers followed by a dependent clause. [Obs.]
God leve all be well. Chaucer.

Levee

Lev"ee (?), n. [F. lever, fr. lever to raise, se lever to rise. See Lever, n.]

1. The act of rising. " The sun's levee." Gray.

2. A morning assembly or reception of visitors, -- in distinction from a soir\'82e, or evening assembly; a matin\'82e; hence, also, any general or somewhat miscellaneous gathering of guests, whether in the daytime or evening; as, the president's levee. &hand; In England a ceremonious day reception, when attended by both ladies and gentlemen, is called a drawing-room.

Levee

Lev"ee, v. t. To attend the levee or levees of.
He levees all the great. Young.

Levee

Lev"ee, n. [F. lev\'82e, fr. lever to raise. See Lever, and cf. Levy.] An embankment to prevent inundation; as, the levees along the Mississippi; sometimes, the steep bank of a river. [U. S. ]

Levee

Lev"ee, v. t. To keep within a channel by means of levees; as, to levee a river. [U. S.]

Lev\'82e en masse

Le*v\'82e" en` masse" (?). [F.] See Levy in mass, under Levy, n.

Leveful

Leve"ful (?), a. [Leve, n. + -ful.] Allowable; permissible; lawful. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Level

Lev"el (?), n. [OE. level, livel, OF. livel, F. niveau, fr. L. libella level, water level, a plumb level, dim. of libra pound, measure for liquids, balance, water poise, level. Cf. Librate, Libella.]

1. A line or surface to which, at every point, a vertical or plumb line is perpendicular; a line or surface which is everywhere parallel to the surface of still water; -- this is the true level, and is a curve or surface in which all points are equally distant from the center of the earth, or rather would be so if the earth were an exact sphere.

2. A horizontal line or plane; that is, a straight line or a plane which is tangent to a true level at a given point and hence parallel to the horizon at that point; -- this is the apparent level at the given point.

3. An approximately horizontal line or surface at a certain degree of altitude, or distance from the center of the earth; as, to climb from the level of the coast to the l of the plateau and then descent to the level of the valley or of the sea.

After draining of the level in Northamptonshire. Sir M. Hale.
Shot from the deadly level of a gun. Shak.

4. Hence, figuratively, a certain position, rank, standard, degree, quality, character, etc., conceived of as in one of several planes of different elevation.

Providence, for the most part, sets us on a level. Addison.
Somebody there of his own level. Swift.
Be the fair level of thy actions laid As temperance wills and prudence may persuade. Prior.

5. A uniform or average height; a normal plane or altitude; a condition conformable to natural law or which will secure a level surface; as, moving fluids seek a level.

When merit shall find its level. F. W. Robertson.

6. (Mech. & Surv.) (a) An instrument by which to find a horizontal line, or adjust something with reference to a horizontal line. (b) A measurement of the difference of altitude of two points, by means of a level; as, to take a level.

7. A horizontal passage, drift, or adit, in mine. Air level, a spirit level. See Spirit level (below). -- Box level, a spirit level in which a glass-covered box is used instead of a tube. -- Garpenter's level, Mason's level, either the plumb level or a straight bar of wood, in which is imbedded a small spirit level. -- Level of the sea, the imaginary level from which heights and depths are calculated, taken at a mean distance between high and low water. -- Line of levels, a connected series of measurements, by means of a level, along a given line, as of a railroad, to ascertain the profile of the ground. -- Plumb level, one in which a horizontal bar is placed in true position by means of a plumb line, to which it is at right angles. -- Spirit level, one in which the adjustment to the horizon is shown by the position of a bubble in alcohol or ether contained in a nearly horizontal glass tube, or a circular box with a glass cover. -- Surveyor's level, a telescope, with a spirit level attached, and with suitable screws, etc., for accurate adjustment, the whole mounted on a tripod, for use in leveling; -- called also leveling instrument. -- Water level, an instrument to show the level by means the surface of water in a trough, or in upright tubes connected by a pipe.

Level

Lev"el (?), a.

1. Even; flat; having no part higher than another; having, or conforming to, the curvature which belongs to the undisturbed liquid parts of the earth's surface; as, a level field; level ground; the level surface of a pond or lake.

Ample spaces o'er the smooth And level pavement. Milton.

2. Coinciding or parallel with the plane of the horizon; horizontal; as, the telescope is now level.

3. Even with anything else; of the same height; on the same line or plane; on the same footing; of equal importance; -- followed by with, sometimes by to.

Young boys and girls Are level now with men; the odds is gone. Shak.
Everything lies level to our wish. Shak.

4. Straightforward; direct; direct; clear; open.

A very plain and level account. M. Arnold.

5. Well balanced; even; just; steady; impartial; as, a level head; a level understanding. [Colloq.] " A level consideration." Shak.

6. (Phonetics) Of even tone; without rising or falling inflection. H. Sweet. Level line (Shipbuilding), the outline of a section which is horizontal crosswise, and parallel with the rabbet of the keel lengthwise. Level surface (Physics), an equipotential surface at right angles at every point to the lines of force.

Level

Lev"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Leveled (?) or Levelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Leveling or Levelling.]

1. To make level; to make horizontal; to bring to the condition of a level line or surface; hence, to make flat or even; as, to level a road, a walk, or a garden.

2. To bring to a lower level; to overthrow; to topple down; to reduce to a flat surface; to lower.

And their proud structures level with the ground. Sandys.
He levels mountains and he raises plains. Dryden.

3. To bring to a horizontal position, as a gun; hence, to point in taking aim; to aim; to direct.

Bertram de Gordon, standing on the castle wall, leveled a quarrel out of a crossbow. Stow.

4. Figuratively, to bring to a common level or plane, in respect of rank, condition, character, privilege, etc.; as, to level all the ranks and conditions of men.

5. To adjust or adapt to a certain level; as, to level remarks to the capacity of children.

For all his mind on honor fixed is, To which he levels all his purposes. Spenser.

Level

Lev"el, v. i.

1. To be level; to be on a level with, or on an equality with, something; hence, to accord; to agree; to suit. [Obs.]

With such accommodation and besort As levels with her breeding. Shak.

2. To aim a gun, spear, etc., horizontally; hence, to aim or point a weapon in direct line with the mark; fig., to direct the eye, mind, or effort, directly to an object.

The foeman may with as great aim level at the edge of a penknife. Shak.
The glory of God and the good of his church . . . ought to be the mark whereat we also level. Hooker.
She leveled at our purposes. Shak.

Leveler

Lev"el*er (?), n. [Written also leveller.]

1. One who, or that which, levels.

2. One who would remove social inequalities or distinctions; a socialist.

Leveling

Lev"el*ing, n. [Written also levelling.]

1. The act or operation of making level.

2. (Surveying) The art or operation of using a leveling instrument for finding a horizontal line, for ascertaining the differences of level between different points of the earth's surface included in a survey, for establishing grades, etc., as in finding the descent of a river, or locating a line of railroad. Leveling instrument. See Surveyor's level, under Level, n. -- Leveling staff, a graduated rod or staff used in connection with a leveling instrument for measuring differences of level between points.

Levelism

Lev"el*ism (?), n. The disposition or endeavor to level all distinctions of rank in society.

Levelly

Lev"el*ly, adv. In an even or level manner.

Levelness

Lev"el*ness, n. The state or quality of being level.

Leven

Lev"en (?), n. [See Levin.] Lightning. [Obs.]
Wild thunder dint and fiery leven. Chaucer.

Lever

Lev"er (?), a. [Old compar. of leve or lief.] More agreeable; more pleasing. [Obs.] Chaucer. To be lever than. See Had as lief, under Had.

Lever

Lev"er, adv. Bather. [Obs.] Chaucer.
For lever had I die than see his deadly face. Spenser.

Lever

Le"ver (?), n. [OE. levour, OF. leveor, prop., a lifter, fr. F. lever to raise, L. levare; akin to levis light in weight, E. levity, and perh. to E. light not heavy: cf. F. levier. Cf. Alleviate, Elevate, Leaven, Legerdemain, Levy, n.]

1. (Mech.) A rigid piece which is capable of turning about one point, or axis (the fulcrum), and in which are two or more other points where forces are applied; -- used for transmitting and modifying force and motion. Specif., a bar of metal, wood, or other rigid substance, used to exert a pressure, or sustain a weight, at one point of its length, by receiving a force or power at a second, and turning at a third on a fixed point called a fulcrum. It is usually named as the first of the six mechanical powers, and is three kinds, according as either the fulcrum F, the weight W, or the power P. respectively, is situated between the other two, as in the figures.

2. (Mach.) (a) A bar, as a capstan bar, applied to a rotatory piece to turn it. (b) An arm on a rock shaft, to give motion to the shaft or to obtain motion from it. Compound lever, a machine consisting of two or more levers acting upon each other. -- Lever escapement. See Escapement. -- Lever jack. See Jack, n., 5. -- Lever watch, a watch having a vibrating lever to connect the action of the escape wheel with that of the balance. Universal lever, a machine formed by a combination of a lever with the wheel and axle, in such a manner as to convert the reciprocating motion of the lever into a continued rectilinear motion of some body to which the power is applied.

Leverage

Lev"er*age (?), n. The action of a lever; mechanical advantage gained by the lever. Leverage of a couple (Mech.), the perpendicular distance between the lines of action of two forces which act in parallel and opposite directions. -- Leverage of a force, the perpendicular distance from the line in which a force acts upon a body to a point about which the body may be supposed to turn.

Leveret

Lev"er*et (?), n. [F. levraut, dim. of li\'8avre hare, L. lepus. Cf. Leporine.] (Zo\'94l.) A hare in the first year of its age.

Leverock

Lev"er*ock (?), n. [See Lark.] A lark. [Scot.]

Leverwood

Lev"er*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The American hop hornbeam (Ostrya Virginica), a small tree with very tough wood.

Levesel

Lev"e*sel (?), n. [AS. le\'a0f a leaf + s\'91l, sel, a room, a hall.] A leafy shelter; a place covered with foliage. [Obs.]
Behind the mill, under a levesel. Chaucer.

Levet

Lev"et (?), n. [Cf. F. lever to raise.] A trumpet call for rousing soldiers; a reveille. [Obs.] Hudibras.

Leviable

Lev"i*a*ble (?), a. [From Levy to assess.] Fit to be levied; capable of being assessed and collected; as, sums leviable by course of law. Bacon.

Leviathan

Le*vi"a*than (?), n. [Heb. livy\'beth\'ben.]

1. An aquatic animal, described in the book of Job, ch. xli., and mentioned on other passages of Scripture. &hand; It is not certainly known what animal is intended, whether the crocodile, the whale, or some sort of serpent.

2. The whale, or a great whale. Milton.

Levier

Lev"i*er (?), n. One who levees. Cartwright.

Levigable

Lev"i*ga*ble (?) a. [See Levigate, v. t.] Capable of being levigated.

Levigate

Lev"i*gate (?), a. [L. levigatus, p. p. of levigare to lighten, fr. l light.] Made less harsh or burdensome; alleviated. [Obs.] Sir. T. Elyot.

Levigate

Lev"i*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Levigated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Levigating.] [L. levigatus, p. p. of levigare to make smooth, fr. l smooth; akin to Gr. To make smooth in various senses: (a) To free from grit; to reduce to an impalpable powder or paste. (b) To mix thoroughly, as liquids or semiliquids. (c) To polish. (d) To make smooth in action. " When use hath levigated the organs." Barrow. (e) Technically, to make smooth by rubbing in a moist condition between hard surfaces, as in grinding pigments.

Levigate

Lev"i*gate (?), a. [L. levigatus, p. p.] Made smooth, as if polished.

Levigation

Lev"i*ga"tion (?), n. [L. levigatio a smoothing: cf. F. l\'82vigation.] The act or operation of levigating.

Levin

Lev"in (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain. Cf. Leven.] Lightning. [Obs.] Spenser. Levin brand, a thunderbolt. [Obs.] Spenser.

Leviner

Lev"in*er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A swift hound.

Levir

Le"vir (?), n. [L.] A husband's brother; -- used in reference to levirate marriages.

Levirate, Leviratical

Lev"i*rate (?), Lev`i*rat"ic*al (?), a. [L. levir a husband's brother, brother-in-law; akin to Gr. l\'82virat
leviration.]
Of, pertaining to, or in accordance with, a law of the ancient Israelites and other tribes and races, according to which a woman, whose husband died without issue, was married to the husband's brother.
The firstborn son of a leviratical marriage was reckoned and registered as the son of the deceased brother. Alford.

Leviration

Lev`i*ra"tion (?), n. Levirate marriage or marriages. Kitto.

Levirostres

Lev`i*ros"tres (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. levis light + rostrum beak.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of birds, including the hornbills, kingfishers, and related forms.

Levitate

Lev"i*tate (?), v. i. [L. levitas, -atis, lightness. See Levity.] To rise, or tend to rise, as if lighter than the surrounding medium; to become buoyant; -- opposed to gravitate. Sir. J. Herschel.

Levitate

Lev"i*tate, v. i. (Spiritualism) To make buoyant; to cause to float in the air; as, to levitate a table. [Cant]

Levitation

Lev`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. levis light in weight.]

1. Lightness; buoyancy; act of making light. Paley.

2. The act or process of making buoyant.

Levite

Le"vite (?), n. [L. Levites, Gr. Levi, one of the sons of Jacob.]

1. (Bib. Hist.) One of the tribe or family of Levi; a descendant of Levi; esp., one subordinate to the priests (who were of the same tribe) and employed in various duties connected with the tabernacle first, and afterward the temple, such as the care of the building, bringing of wood and other necessaries for the sacrifices, the music of the services, etc.

2. A priest; so called in contempt or ridicule.


Page 847

Levitical

Le*vit"ic*al (?), a. [L. Leviticus, Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to a Levite or the Levites.

2. Priestly. " Levitical questions." Milton.

3. Of or pertaining to, or designating, the law contained in the book of Leviticus. Ayliffe. Levitical degrees, degrees of relationship named in Leviticus, within which marriage is forbidden.

Levitically

Le*vit"ic*al*ly, adv. After the manner of the Levites; in accordance with the levitical law.

Leviticus

Le*vit"i*cus (?), n. [See Levitical.] The third canonical book of the Old Testament, containing the laws and regulations relating to the priests and Levites among the Hebrews, or the body of the ceremonial law.

Levity

Lev"i*ty (?), n. [L. levitas, fr. levis light in weight; akin to levare to raise. See Lever, n.]

1. The quality of weighing less than something else of equal bulk; relative lightness, especially as shown by rising through, or floating upon, a contiguous substance; buoyancy; -- opposed to gravity.

He gave the form of levity to that which ascended; to that which descended, the form of gravity. Sir. W. Raleigh.
This bubble by reason of its comparative levity to the fluidity that incloses it, would ascend to the top. Bentley.

2. Lack of gravity and earnestness in deportment or character; trifling gayety; frivolity; sportiveness; vanity. " A spirit of levity and libertinism." Atterbury.

He never employed his omnipotence out of levity. Calamy.

3. Lack of steadiness or constancy; disposition to change; fickleness; volatility.

The levity that is fatigued and disgusted with everything of which it is in possession. Burke.
Syn. -- Inconstancy; thoughtlessness; unsteadiness; inconsideration; volatility; flightiness. -- Levity, Volatility, Flightiness. All these words relate to outward conduct. Levity springs from a lightness of mind which produces a disregard of the proprieties of time and place.Volatility is a degree of levity which causes the thoughts to fly from one object to another, without resting on any for a moment. Flightiness is volatility carried to an extreme which often betrays its subject into gross impropriety or weakness. Levity of deportment, of conduct, of remark; volatility of temper, of spirits; flightiness of mind or disposition.

Levo-

Le"vo- (?). A prefix from L. laevus, meaning: (a) Pertaining to, or toward, the left; as, levorotatory. (b) (Chem. & Opt.) Turning the plane of polarized light to the left; as, levotartaric acid; levoracemic acid; levogyratory crystals, etc. [Written also l\'91vo-.]

Levogyrate

Le`vo*gy"rate (?), a. [Levo- + gyrate.] (Chem. & Physics) Turning or twisting the plane of polarization towards the left, as levulose, levotartaric acid, etc. [Written also l\'91vogyrate.]

Levorotatory

Le`vo*ro"ta*to*ry (?), a. [Levo- + rotatory.] (Chem. & Physics) Turning or rotating the plane of polarization towards the left; levogyrate, as levulose, left handed quartz crystals, etc. [Written also l\'91vorotatory.]

Levulin

Lev"u*lin (?), n. (Chem.) A substance resembling dextrin, obtained from the bulbs of the dahlia, the artichoke, and other sources, as a colorless, spongy, amorphous material. It is so called because by decomposition it yields levulose. [Written also l\'91vulin.]

Levulinic

Lev`u*lin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or denoting, an acid (called also acetyl-propionic acid), C5H8O3, obtained by the action of dilute acids on various sugars (as levulose). [Written also l\'91vulinic.]

Levulosan

Lev`u*lo"san (?), n. (Chem.) An unfermentable carbohydrate obtained by gently heating levulose.

Levulose

Lev"u*lose` (?), n. [See Levo-.] (Chem.) A sirupy variety of sugar, rarely obtained crystallized, occurring widely in honey, ripe fruits, etc., and hence called also fruit sugar. It is called levulose, because it rotates the plane of polarization to the left. [Written also l\'91vulose.]<-- also called fructose: C6H12O6> &hand; It is obtained, together with an equal quantity of dextrose, by the inversion of ordinary cane or beet sugar, and hence, as being an ingredient of invert sugar, is often so called. It is fermentable, nearly as sweet as cane sugar, and is metameric with dextrose. Cf. Dextrose.

Levy

Lev"y (?), n.; pl. Levies (#). [A contr. of elevenpence or elevenpenny bit.] A name formerly given in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia to the Spanish real of one eight of a dollar (or 12

Levy

Lev"y, n. [F. lev\'82e, fr. lever to raise. See Lever, and cf. Lever.]

1. The act of levying or collecting by authority; as, the levy of troops, taxes, etc.

A levy of all the men left under sixty. Thirlwall.

2. That which is levied, as an army, force, tribute, etc. " The Irish levies." Macaulay.

3. (Law) The taking or seizure of property on executions to satisfy judgments, or on warrants for the collection of taxes; a collecting by execution. Levy in mass [F. lev\'82e en masse], a requisition of all able-bodied men for military service.

Levy

Lev"y, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Levied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Levying.]

1. To raise, as a siege. [Obs.] Holland.

2. To raise; to collect; said of troops, to form into an army by enrollment, conscription. etc.

Augustine . . . inflamed Ethelbert, king of Kent, to levy his power, and to war against them. Fuller.

3. To raise or collect by assessment; to exact by authority; as, to levy taxes, toll, tribute, or contributions.

If they do this . . . my ransom, then, Will soon be levied. Shak.

4. (Law) (a) To gather or exact; as, to levy money. (b) To erect, build, or set up; to make or construct; to raise or cast up; as, to levy a mill, dike, ditch, a nuisance, etc. [Obs.] Cowell. Blackstone. (c) To take or seize on execution; to collect by execution. To levy a fine, to commence and carry on a suit for assuring the title to lands or tenements. Blackstone. -- To levy war, to make or begin war; to take arms for attack; to attack.

Levy

Lev"y, v. i. To seize property, real or personal, or subject it to the operation of an execution; to make a levy; as, to levy on property; the usual mode of levying, in England, is by seizing the goods. To levy on goods and chattels, to take into custody or seize specific property in satisfaction of a writ.

Levyne, Levynite

Lev"yne (?), Lev"yn*ite (?), n. [From Mr. Levy, an English mineralogist.] (Min.) A whitish, reddish, or yellowish, transparent or translucent mineral, allied to chabazite.

Lew

Lew (?), a. [Cf. lee a calm or sheltered place, lukewarm.] Lukewarm; tepid. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Lewd

Lewd (?), a. [Compar. Lewder (?); superl. Lewdest.] [OE.lewed, lewd, lay, ignorant, vile, AS. l laical, belonging to the laity.]

1. Not clerical; laic; laical; hence, unlearned; simple. [Obs.]

For if priest be foul, on whom we trust, No wonder is a lewed man to rust. Chaucer.
So these great clerks their little wisdom show To mock the lewd, as learn'd in this as they. Sit. J. Davies.

2. Belonging to the lower classes, or the rabble; idle and lawless; bad; vicious. [Archaic] Chaucer.

But the Jews, which believed not, . . . took unto them certain lewd fellows of the baser sort, . . . and assaulted the house of Jason. Acts xvii. 5.
Too lewd to work, and ready for any kind of mischief. Southey
.

3. Given to the promiscuous indulgence of lust; dissolute; lustful; libidinous. Dryden.

4. Suiting, or proceeding from, lustfulness; involving unlawful sexual desire; as, lewd thoughts, conduct, or language. Syn. -- Lustful; libidinous; licentious; profligate; dissolute; sensual; unchaste; impure; lascivious; lecherous; rakish; debauched. -- Lewd"ly, adv. -- Lewd"ness, n.

Lewdster

Lewd"ster (?), n. A lewd person. [Obs.] Shak.

Lewis, Lewisson

Lew"is (?), Lew"is*son (?), n.

1. An iron dovetailed tenon, made in sections, which can be fitted into a dovetail mortise; -- used in hoisting large stones, etc.

2. A kind of shears used in cropping woolen cloth. Lewis hole, a hole wider at the bottom than at the mouth, into which a lewis is fitted. De Foe. <-- Lewis acid (Chem) A compound without dissociable hydrogen which acts as an acid (bonding with Lewis bases) in chemical reaction. -->

Lex

Lex (?), n.; pl. Leges (#). [L. See Legal.] Law; as, lex talionis, the law of retaliation; lex terr\'91, the law of the land; lex fori, the law of the forum or court; lex loci, the law of the place; lex mercatoria, the law or custom of merchants.

Lexical

Lex"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a lexicon, to lexicography, or words; according or conforming to a lexicon. -- Lex"ic*al*ly, adv.

Lexicographer

Lex`i*cog"ra*pher (?), n. [Gr. lexicographe. See Lexicon.] The author or compiler of a lexicon or dictionary.
Every other author may aspire to praise; the lexicographer can only hope to escape reproach; and even this negative recompense has been yet granted to very few. Johnson.

Lexicographic, Lexicographical

Lex`i*co*graph"ic (?), Lex`i*co*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. lexicographique.] Of or pertaining to, or according to, lexicography. -- Lex`i*co*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Lexicographist

Lex`i*cog"ra*phist (?), n. A lexicographer. [R.] Southey.

Lexicography

Lex`i*cog"ra*phy (?), n. [Cf. F. lexicographie.] The art, process, or occupation of making a lexicon or dictionary; the principles which are applied in making dictionaries.

Lexicologist

Lex`i*col"o*gist (?), n. One versed in lexicology.

Lexicology

Lex`i*col"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. lexicologie.] The science of the derivation and signification of words; that branch of learning which treats of the signification and application of words.

Lexicon

Lex"i*con (?), n. [Gr. Legend.] A vocabulary, or book containing an alphabetical arrangement of the words in a language or of a considerable number of them, with the definition of each; a dictionary; especially, a dictionary of the Greek, Hebrew, or Latin language. <-- also, a dictionary for use in computational linguistics -->

Lexiconist

Lex"i*con*ist, n. A writer of a lexicon. [R.]

Lexigraphic

Lex`i*graph"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. lexigraphique.] Of or pertaining to lexigraphy.

Lexigraphy

Lex*ig"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy: cf. F. lexigraphie.] The art or practice of defining words; definition of words.

Lexiphanic

Lex`i*phan"ic (?), a. [Gr. Using, or interlarded with, pretentious words; bombastic; as, a lexiphanic writer or speaker; lexiphanic writing.

Lexiphanicism

Lex`i*phan"i*cism (?), n. The use of pretentious words, language, or style.

Lexipharmic

Lex`i*phar"mic (?), a. See Alexipharmic.

Ley

Ley (?), v. i., & i. To lay; to wager. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ley

Ley, n. [OF.] Law. Abbott.

Ley

Ley (?), n. [Obs.] See Lye.

Ley

Ley (?), n. Grass or meadow land; a lea.

Ley

Ley, a. Fallow; unseeded. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Leyden jar, Leyden phial

Ley"den jar" (?), Ley"den phi"al (?), (Elec.) A glass jar or bottle used to accumulate electricity. It is coated with tin foil, within and without, nearly to its top, and is surmounted by a brass knob which communicates with the inner coating, for the purpose of charging it with electricity. It is so named from having been invented in Leyden, Holland.

Leyser

Ley"ser (?), n. Leisure. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Leze majesty

Leze` maj"es*ty (?). [F. lese-majest\'82, fr. L. laesus, fem. laesa, injured (see Lesion) + majestas majesty; that is, crimen laesae majestatis.] [Written also lese majesty.] (Law) Any crime committed against the sovereign power. <-- now usually lese or l\'8ase . also (2) any affront to dignity -->

Lherzolite

Lher"zo*lite (?), n. [From Lherz, a place in the Pyrenees + -lite.] (Min.) An igneous rock consisting largely of chrysolite, with pyroxene and picotite (a variety of spinel containing chromium).

Li

Li (?), n.

1. Chinese measure of distance, being a little more that one third of a mile.

2. A Chinese copper coin; a cash. See Cash.

Liability

Li`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Liabilities (.

1. The state of being liable; as, the liability of an insurer; liability to accidents; liability to the law.

2. That which one is under obligation to pay, or for which one is liable. Specifically, in the pl., the sum of one's pecuniary obligations; -- opposed to assets. Limited liability. See Limited company, under Limited.

Liable

Li"a*ble (?), a. [From F. lier to bind, L. ligare. Cf. Ally, v. t., Ligature.]

1. Bound or obliged in law or equity; responsible; answerable; as, the surety is liable for the debt of his principal.

2. Exposed to a certain contingency or casualty, more or less probable; -- with to and an infinitive or noun; as, liable to slip; liable to accident. Syn. -- Accountable; responsible; answerable; bound; subject; obnoxious; exposed. -- Liable, Subject. Liable refers to a future possible or probable happening which may not actually occur; as, horses are liable to slip; even the sagacious are liable to make mistakes. Subject refers to any actual state or condition belonging to the nature or circumstances of the person or thing spoken of, or to that which often befalls one. One whose father was subject to attacks of the gout is himself liable to have that disease. Men are constantly subject to the law, but liable to suffer by its infraction.

Proudly secure, yet liable to fall. Milton.
All human things are subject to decay. Dryden.

Liableness

Li"a*ble*ness, n. Quality of being liable; liability.

Liage

Li"age (?), n. [Cf. OF. liage a bond. See Liable.] Union by league; alliance. [Obs.]

Lialson

Li`al`son" (?), n. [F., fr. L. ligatio, fr. ligare to bind. See Ligature, and cf. Ligation.] A union, or bond of union; an intimacy; especially, an illicit intimacy between a man and a woman.

Liane, Liana

Li*ane" (?), Li*a"na (?), n. [F. liane; prob. akin to lien a band, fr. L. ligamen, fr. ligare to bind. Cf. Lien, n. ] (Bot.) A luxuriant woody plant, climbing high trees and having ropelike stems. The grapevine often has the habit of a liane. Lianes are abundant in the forests of the Amazon region.

Liar

Li"ar (?), n. [OE. liere. See Lie to falsify.] A person who knowingly utters falsehood; one who lies.

Liard

Li"ard (?), a. [OF. liart, LL. liardus gray, dappie.] Gray. [Obs.] Chaucer. &hand; Used by Chaucer as an epithet of a gray or dapple gray horse. Also used as a name for such a horse.

Liard

Liard (?), n. [F.] A French copper coin of one fourth the value of a sou.

Lias

Li"as (?), n. [Cf. F. lias, fr. liais sort of limestone, OF. also liois; perh. of Celtic origin, cf. Armor. liach, leach, a stone, Gael. leac, W. llech. Cf. Cromlech.] (Geol.) The lowest of the three divisions of the Jurassic period; a name given in England and Europe to a series of marine limestones underlying the O\'94lite. See the Chart of Geology.

Liassic

Li*as"sic (?), a. (Geol.) Of the age of the Lias; pertaining to the Lias Formation. -- n. Same as Lias.

Lib

Lib (?), v. i. [Cf. Glib to geld.] To castrate. [Obs.]

Libament

Lib"a*ment (?), n. [L. libamentum.] Libation. [Obs.] Holland.

Libant

Li"bant (?), a. [L. libans, p. pr. of libare to taste, touch.] Sipping; touching lightly. [R.] Landor.

Libation

Li*ba"tion (?), n. [L. libatio, fr. libare to take a little from anything, to taste, to pour out as an offering: cf. F. libation.] The act of pouring a liquid or liquor, usually wine, either on the ground or on a victim in sacrifice, in honor of some deity; also, the wine or liquid thus poured out. Dryden.
A heathen sacrifice or libation to the earth. Bacon.

Libatory

Li"ba*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to libation.

Libbard

Lib"bard (?), n. [See Leopard.] A leopard. [Obs. or Poetic] Spenser. Keats.

Libbard's bane

Lib"bard's bane` (?). Leopard's bane. [Obs.]

Libel

Li"bel (?), n. [L. libellus a little book, pamphlet, libel, lampoon, dim. of liber the liber or inner bark of a tree; also (because the ancients wrote on this bark), paper, parchment, or a roll of any material used to write upon, and hence, a book or treatise: cf. F. libelle.]

1. A brief writing of any kind, esp. a declaration, bill, certificate, request, supplication, etc. [Obs.] Chaucer.

A libel of forsaking [divorcement]. Wyclif (Matt. v. 31).

2. Any defamatory writing; a lampoon; a satire.

3. (Law) A malicious publication expressed either in print or in writing, or by pictures, effigies, or other signs, tending to expose another to public hatred, contempt, or ridicule. Such publication is indictable at common law. &hand; The term, in a more extended sense, includes the publication of such writings, pictures, and the like, as are of a blasphemous, treasonable, seditious, or obscene character. These also are indictable at common law.

4. (Law) The crime of issuing a malicious defamatory publication.

5. (Civil Law & Courts of Admiralty) A written declaration or statement by the plaintiff of his cause of action, and of the relief he seeks.

Libel

Li"bel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liebeled (?) or Libelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Libeling or Libelling.]

1. To defame, or expose to public hatred, contempt, or ridicule, by a writing, picture, sign, etc.; to lampoon.

Some wicked wits have libeled all the fair. Pope.

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2. (Law) To proceed against by filing a libel, particularly against a ship or goods.

Libel

Li"bel (?), v. i. To spread defamation, written or printed; -- with against. [Obs.]
What's this but libeling against the senate? Shak.
[He] libels now 'gainst each great man. Donne.

Libelant

Li"bel*ant (?), n. One who libels; one who institutes a suit in an ecclesiastical or admiralty court. [Written also libellant.] Cranch.

Libeler

Li"bel*er (?), n. One who libels. [Written also libeller.] " Libelers of others." Buckkminster.

Libelist

Li"bel*ist (?), n. A libeler.

Li bella

Li *bel"la (?), n. [L., dim. of libra balance. See Level, n.]

1. A small balance.

2. A level, or leveling instrument.

Libellulid

Li*bel"lu*lid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A dragon fly.

Libelluloid

Li*bel"lu*loid (?), a. [NL. Libellula, the name of the typical genus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the dragon fi

Libelous

Li"bel*ous (?), a. Containing or involving a libel; defamatory; containing that which exposes some person to public hatred, contempt, or ridicule; as, a libelous pamphlet. [Written also libellous.] -- Li"bel*ous*ly, adv.

Liber

Li"ber (?), n. [L. See Libel.] (Bot.) The inner bark of plants, lying next to the wood. It usually contains a large proportion of woody, fibrous cells, and is, therefore, the part from which the fiber of the plant is obtained, as that of hemp, etc. Liber cells, elongated woody cells found in the liber.

Liberal

Lib"er*al (?), a. [F. lib\'82ral, L. liberalis, from liber free; perh. akin to libet, lubet,it pleases, E. lief. Cf. Deliver.]

1. Free by birth; hence, befitting a freeman or gentleman; refined; noble; independent; free; not servile or mean; as, a liberal ancestry; a liberal spirit; liberal arts or studies. " Liberal education." Macaulay. " A liberal tongue." Shak.

2. Bestowing in a large and noble way, as a freeman; generous; bounteous; open-handed; as, a liberal giver. " Liberal of praise." Bacon.

Infinitely good, and of his good As liberal and free as infinite. Milton.

3. Bestowed in a large way; hence, more than sufficient; abundant; bountiful; ample; profuse; as, a liberal gift; a liberal discharge of matter or of water.

His wealth doth warrant a liberal dower. Shak.

4. Not strict or rigorous; not confined or restricted to the literal sense; free; as, a liberal translation of a classic, or a liberal construction of law or of language.

5. Not narrow or contracted in mind; not selfish; enlarged in spirit; catholic.

6. Free to excess; regardless of law or moral restraint; licentious. " Most like a liberal villain." Shak.

7. Not bound by orthodox tenets or established forms in political or religious philosophy; independent in opinion; not conservative; friendly to great freedom in the constitution or administration of government; having tendency toward democratic or republican, as distinguished from monarchical or aristocratic, forms; as, liberal thinkers; liberal Christians; the Liberal party.

I confess I see nothing liberal in this " order of thoughts," as Hobbes elsewhere expresses it. Hazlitt.
&hand; Liberal has of, sometimes with, before the thing bestowed, in before a word signifying action, and to before a person or object on which anything is bestowed; as, to be liberal of praise or censure; liberal with money; liberal in giving; liberal to the poor. The liberal arts. See under Art. -- Liberal education, education that enlarges and disciplines the mind and makes it master of its own powers, irrespective of the particular business or profession one may follow. Syn. -- Generous; bountiful; munificent; beneficent; ample; large; profuse; free. -- Liberal, Generous. Liberal is freeborn, and generous is highborn. The former is opposed to the ordinary feelings of a servile state, and implies largeness of spirit in giving, judging, acting, etc. The latter expresses that nobleness of soul which is peculiarly appropriate to those of high rank, -- a spirit that goes out of self, and finds its enjoyment in consulting the feelings and happiness of others. Generosity is measured by the extent of the sacrifices it makes; liberality, by the warmth of feeling which it manifests.

Liberal

Lib"er*al, n. One who favors greater freedom in political or religious matters; an opponent of the established systems; a reformer; in English politics, a member of the Liberal party, so called. Cf. Whig.

Liberalism

Lib"er*al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. lib\'82ralisme.] Liberal principles; the principles and methods of the liberals in politics or religion; specifically, the principles of the Liberal party.

Liberalist

Lib"er*al*ist, n. A liberal.

Liberalistic

Lib`er*al*is"tic (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, liberalism; as, liberalistic opinions.

Liberality

Lib`er*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Liberalities (#). [L. liberalitas: cf. F. lib\'82ralit\'82.]

1. The quality or state of being liberal; liberal disposition or practice; freedom from narrowness or prejudice; generosity; candor; charity.

That liberality is but cast away Which makes us borrow what we can not pay. Denham.

2. A gift; a gratuity; -- sometimes in the plural; as, a prudent man is not impoverished by his liberalities.

Liberalization

Lib`er*al*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of liberalizing.

Liberalize

Lib"er*al*ize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Liberalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Liberalizing (?).] [Cf. F. lib\'82raliser.] To make liberal; to free from narrow views or prejudices.
To open and to liberalize the mind. Burke.

Liberalizer

Lib"er*al*i`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, liberalizes. Emerson.

Liberally

Lib"er*al*ly, adv. In a liberal manner.

Liberate

Lib"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liberated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Liberating (?).] [L. liberatus, p. p. of liberare to free, fr. liber free. See Liberal, a., and cf. Deliver.] To release from restraint or bondage; to set at liberty; to free; to manumit; to disengage; as, to liberate a slave or prisoner; to liberate the mind from prejudice; to liberate gases. Syn. -- To deliver; free; release. See Deliver.

Liberation

Lib`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. liberatio: cf. F. lib\'82ration. Cf. Livraison.] The act of liberating or the state of being liberated.
This mode of analysis requires perfect liberation from all prejudged system. Pownall.

Liberator

Lib"er*a`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, liberates; a deliverer.

Liberatory

Lib"er*a*to*ry (?), a. Tending, or serving, to liberate. [R.]

Libertarian

Lib`er*ta"ri*an (?), a. [See Liberty.] Pertaining to liberty, or to the doctrine of free will, as opposed to the doctrine of necessity.

Libertarian

Lib`er*ta"ri*an, n. One who holds to the doctrine of free will.

Libertarianism

Lib`er*ta"ri*an*ism (?), n. Libertarian principles or doctrines.

Liberticide

Lib"er*ti*cide (?), n. [L. libertas liberty + caedere to kill: cf. (for sense 2) F. liberticide.]

1. The destruction of civil liberty.

2. A destroyer of civil liberty. B. F. Wade.

Libertinage

Lib"er*tin*age (?) n. [Cf. F. libertinage. See Libertine.] Libertinism; license. [R.]

Libertine

Lib"er*tine (?), n. [L. libertinus freedman, from libertus one made free, fr. liber free: cf. F. libertin. See Liberal.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) A manumitted slave; a freedman; also, the son of a freedman.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of Anabaptists, in the fifteenth and early part of the sixteenth century, who rejected many of the customs and decencies of life, and advocated a community of goods and of women.

3. One free from restraint; one who acts according to his impulses and desires; now, specifically, one who gives rein to lust; a rake; a debauchee.

Like a puffed and reckless libertine, Himself the primrose path of dalliance treads. Shak.

4. A defamatory name for a freethinker. [Obsoles.]

Libertine

Lib"er*tine, a. [L. libertinus of a freedman: cf. F. libertin. See Libertine, n. ]

1. Free from restraint; uncontrolled. [Obs.]

You are too much libertine. Beau. & Fl.

2. Dissolute; licentious; profligate; loose in morals; as, libertine principles or manners. Bacon.

Libertinism

Lib"er*tin*ism (?), n.

1. The state of a libertine or freedman. [R.] Hammond.

2. Licentious conduct; debauchery; lewdness.

3. Licentiousness of principle or opinion.

That spirit of religion and seriousness vanished all at once, and a spirit of liberty and libertinism, of infidelity and profaneness, started up in the room of it. Atterbury.

Liberty

Lib"er*ty (?), n.; pl. Liberties (. [OE. liberte, F. libert\'82, fr. L. libertas, fr. liber free. See Liberal.]

1. The state of a free person; exemption from subjection to the will of another claiming ownership of the person or services; freedom; -- opposed to slavery, serfdom, bondage, or subjection.

But ye . . . caused every man his servant, and every man his handmaid whom he had set at liberty at their pleasure, to return, and brought them into subjection. Jer. xxxiv. 16.
Delivered fro the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the sons of God. Bible, 1551. Rom. viii. 21.

2. Freedom from imprisonment, bonds, or other restraint upon locomotion.

Being pent from liberty, as I am now. Shak.

3. A privilege conferred by a superior power; permission granted; leave; as, liberty given to a child to play, or to a witness to leave a court, and the like.

4. Privilege; exemption; franchise; immunity enjoyed by prescription or by grant; as, the liberties of the commercial cities of Europe.

His majesty gave not an entire county to any; much less did he grant . . . any extraordinary liberties. Sir J. Davies.

5. The place within which certain immunities are enjoyed, or jurisdiction is exercised. [Eng.]

Brought forth into some public or open place within the liberty of the city, and there . . . burned. Fuller.

6. A certain amount of freedom; permission to go freely within certain limits; also, the place or limits within which such freedom is exercised; as, the liberties of a prison.

7. A privilege or license in violation of the laws of etiquette or propriety; as, to permit, or take, a liberty.

He was repeatedly provoked into striking those who had taken liberties with him. Macaulay.

8. The power of choice; freedom from necessity; freedom from compulsion or constraint in willing.

The idea of liberty is the idea of a power in any agent to do or forbear any particular action, according to the determination or thought of the mind, whereby either of them is preferred to the other. Locke.
This liberty of judgment did not of necessity lead to lawlessness. J. A. Symonds.

9. (Manege) A curve or arch in a bit to afford room for the tongue of the horse.

10. (Naut.) Leave of absence; permission to go on shore. At liberty. (a) Unconfined; free. (b) At leisure. -- Civil liberty, exemption from arbitrary interference with person, opinion, or property, on the part of the government under which one lives, and freedom to take part in modifying that government or its laws. -- Liberty bell. See under Bell. -- Liberty cap. (a) The Roman pileus which was given to a slave at his manumission. (b) A limp, close-fitting cap with which the head of representations of the goddess of liberty is often decked. It is sometimes represented on a spear or a liberty pole. -- Liberty of the press, freedom to print and publish without official supervision. Liberty party, the party, in the American Revolution, which favored independence of England; in more recent usage, a party which favored the emancipation of the slaves. -- Liberty pole, a tall flagstaff planted in the ground, often surmounted by a liberty cap. [U. S.] -- Moral liberty, that liberty of choice which is essential to moral responsibility. -- Religious liberty, freedom of religious opinion and worship. Syn. -- Leave; permission; license. -- Liberty, Freedom. These words, though often interchanged, are distinct in some of of their applications. Liberty has reference to previous restraint; freedom, to the simple, unrepressed exercise of our powers. A slave is set at liberty; his master had always been in a state of freedom. A prisoner under trial may ask liberty (exemption from restraint) to speak his sentiments with freedom (the spontaneous and bold utterance of his feelings), The liberty of the press is our great security for freedom of thought.

Libethenite

Li*beth"en*ite (?), n. [From Libethen, in Hungary, where it was first found.] (Min.) A mineral of an olive-green color, commonly in orthorhombic crystals. It is a hydrous phosphate of copper.

Libidinist

Li*bid"i*nist (?), n. [See Libidinous.] One given to lewdness.

Libidinosity

Li*bid`i*nos"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being libidinous; libidinousness. Skelton.

Libidinous

Li*bid"i*nous (?), a. [L. libidinosus, fr. libido, libidinis, pleasure, desire, lust, fr. libet, lubet, it pleases: cf. F. libidineux. See Lief.] Having lustful desires; characterized by lewdness; sensual; lascivious. -- Li*bid"i*nous*ly, adv. -- Li*bid"i*nous*ness, n. Syn. -- Lewd; lustful; lascivious; unchaste; impure; sensual; licentious; lecherous; salacious.

Libken, Libkin

Lib"ken (?), Lib"kin (?), n. [AS. libban, F. live, v. i. + -kin.] A house or lodging. [Old Slang] B. Jonson.

Libra

Li"bra (?), n.; pl. Libr\'91 (#). [L., a balance.] (Astron.) (a) The Balance; the seventh sign in the zodiac, which the sun enters at the autumnal equinox in September, marked thus &libra; in almanacs, etc. (b ) A southern constellation between Virgo and Scorpio.

Libral

Li"bral (?), a. [L. libralis, fr. libra the Roman pound.] Of a pound weight. [Obs.] Johnson.

Librarian

Li*bra"ri*an, n. [See Library.]

1. One who has the care or charge of a library.

2. One who copies manuscript books. [Obs.] Broome.

Librarianship

Li*bra"ri*an*ship, n. The office of a librarian.

Library

Li"bra*ry (?), n.; pl. Libraries (#). [OE. librairie, F. librairie bookseller's shop, book trade, formerly, a library, fr. libraire bookseller, L. librarius, from liber book; cf. libraria bookseller's shop, librarium bookcase, It. libreria. See Libel.]

1. A considerable collection of books kept for use, and not as merchandise; as, a private library; a public library.

2. A building or apartment appropriated for holding such a collection of books. Holland.

Librate

Li"brate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Librated p. pr. & & vb. n.
Librating.] [L. libratus, p. p. of librare to balance, to make even, fr. libra.Cf. Level, Deliberate, Equilibrium.] To vibrate as a balance does before resting in equilibrium; hence, to be poised.
Their parts all liberate on too nice a beam. Clifton.

Librate

Li"brate, v. i. To poise; to balance.

Libration

Li*bra"tion (?), n. [L. libratio: cf. F. libration.]

1. The act or state of librating. Jer. Taylor.

2. (Astron.) A real or apparent libratory motion, like that of a balance before coming to rest. Libration of the moon, any one of those small periodical changes in the position of the moon's surface relatively to the earth, in consequence of which narrow portions at opposite limbs become visible or invisible alternately. It receives different names according to the manner in which it takes place; as: (a) Libration in longitude, that which, depending on the place of the moon in its elliptic orbit, causes small portions near the eastern and western borders alternately to appear and disappear each month. (b) Libration in latitude, that which depends on the varying position of the moon's axis in respect to the spectator, causing the alternate appearance and disappearance of either pole. (c) Diurnal or parallactic libration, that which brings into view on the upper limb, at rising and setting, some parts not in the average visible hemisphere.

Libratory

Li"bra*to*ry (?), a. Balancing; moving like a balance, as it tends to an equipoise or level.

Librettist

Li*bret"tist (?), n. One who makes a libretto.

Libretto

Li*bret"to (?), n.; pl. E. Librettos (#), It. Libretti (#). [It., dim. of libro book, L. liber. See Libel.] (Mus.) (a) A book containing the words of an opera or extended piece of music. (b) The words themselves.

Libriform

Li"bri*form (?), a. [Liber + -form.] (Bot.) Having the form of liber, or resembling liber. Libriform cells, peculiar wood cells which are very slender and relatively thick-walled, and occasionally are furnished with bordered pits. Goodale.

Libyan

Lib"y*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Libya, the ancient name of that part of Africa between Egypt and the Atlantic Ocean, or of Africa as a whole.

Lice

Lice (?), n.; pl. of Louse.

Licensable

Li"cens*a*ble (?), a. That can be licensed.

License

Li"cense (?), n. [Written also licence.] [F. licence, L. licentia, fr. licere to be permitted, prob. orig., to be left free to one; akin to linquere to leave. See Loan, and cf. Illicit, Leisure.]

1. Authority or liberty given to do or forbear any act; especially, a formal permission from the proper authorities to perform certain acts or to carry on a certain business, which without such permission would be illegal; a grant of permission; as, a license to preach, to practice medicine, to sell gunpowder or intoxicating liquors.

To have a license and a leave at London to dwell. P. Plowman.

2. The document granting such permission. Addison.

3. Excess of liberty; freedom abused, or used in contempt of law or decorum; disregard of law or propriety.

License they mean when they cry liberty. Milton.

4. That deviation from strict fact, form, or rule, in which an artist or writer indulges, assuming that it will be permitted for the sake of the advantage or effect gained; as, poetic license; grammatical license, etc. Syn. -- Leave; liberty; permission.


Page 849

License

Li"cense (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Licensed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Licensing.] To permit or authorize by license; to give license to; as, to license a man to preach. Milton. Shak.

Licensed

Li"censed (?), a. Having a license; permitted or authorized by license; as, a licensed victualer; a licensed traffic. Licensed victualer, one who has a license to keep an in or eating house; esp., a victualer who has a license to sell intoxicating liquors.

Licensee

Li`cen*see" (?), n. (Law) The person to whom a license is given.

Licenser

Li"cens*er (?), n. One who gives a license; as, a licenser of the press.

Licensure

Li"cen*sure (?), n. A licensing. [R.]

Licentiate

Li*cen"ti*ate (?), n. [LL. licentiatus, fr. licentiare to allow to do anything, fr. L. licentia license. See License, n.]

1. One who has a license to exercise a profession; as, a licentiate in medicine or theology.

The college of physicians, in July, 1687, published an edict, requiring all the fellows, candidates, and licentiates, to give gratuitous advice to the neighboring poor. Johnson.

2. A friar authorized to receive confessions and grant absolution in all places, independently of the local clergy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. One who acts without restraint, or takes a liberty, as if having a license therefor. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

4. On the continent of Europe, a university degree intermediate between that of bachelor and that of doctor.

Licentiate

Li*cen"ti*ate (?), v. t. To give a license to. [Obs.] L'Estrange.

Licentious

Li*cen"tious (?), a. [L. licentiosus: cf. F. licencieux. See License.]

1. Characterized by license; passing due bounds; excessive; abusive of freedom; wantonly offensive; as, a licentious press.

A wit that no licentious pertness knows. Savage.

2. Unrestrained by law or morality; lawless; immoral; dissolute; lewd; lascivious; as, a licentious man; a licentious life. "Licentious wickedness." Shak. Syn. -- Unrestrained; uncurbed; uncontrolled; unruly; riotous; ungovernable; wanton; profligate; dissolute; lax; loose; sensual; impure; unchaste; lascivious; immoral. -- Li*cen"tious*ly, adv. -- Li*cen"tious*ness, n.

Lich

Lich (?), a. Like. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

Lich

Lich (?), n. [AS.l\'c6c body. See Like, a.] A dead body; a corpse. [Obs.] Lich fowl (Zo\'94l.), the European goatsucker; -- called also lich owl. -- Lich gate, a covered gate through which the corpse was carried to the church or burial place, and where the bier was placed to await clergyman; a corpse gate. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. -- Lich wake, the wake, or watching, held over a corpse before burial. [Prov Eng.] Chaucer. -- Lich wall, the wall of a churchyard or burying ground. -- Lich way, the path by which the dead are carried to the grave. [Prov. Eng.]

Lichen

Li"chen (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Bot.) One of a class of cellular, flowerless plants, (technically called Lichenes), having no distinction of leaf and stem, usually of scaly, expanded, frond-like forms, but sometimes erect or pendulous and variously branched. They derive their nourishment from the air, and generate by means of spores. The species are very widely distributed, and form irregular spots or patches, usually of a greenish or yellowish color, upon rocks, trees, and various bodies, to which they adhere with great tenacity. They are often improperly called rock moss or tree moss. &hand; A favorite modern theory of lichens (called after its inventor the Schwendener hypothesis), is that they are not autonomous plants, but that they consist of ascigerous fungi, parasitic on alg\'91. Each lichen is composed of white filaments and green, or greenish, rounded cells, and it is argued that the two are of different nature, the one living at the expense of the other. See Hyph\'91, and Gonidia.

2. (Med.) A name given to several varieties of skin disease, esp. to one characterized by the eruption of small, conical or flat, reddish pimples, which, if unchecked, tend to spread and produce great and even fatal exhaustion.

Lichened

Li"chened (?), a. Belonging to, or covered with, lichens. Tennyson.

Lichenic

Li*chen"ic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, lichens. Lichenic acid. (a) An organic acid, C14H24O3 obtained from Iceland moss. (b) An old name of fumaric acid.

Licheniform

Li*chen"i*form (?), a. Having the form of a lichen.

Lichenin

Li"chen*in (?), n. (Chem.) A substance isomeric with starch, extracted from several species of moss and lichen, esp. from Iceland moss.

Lichenographic, Lichenographical

Li"chen*o*graph"ic (?), Li`chen*o*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. lich\'82nographique.] Of or pertaining to lichenography.

Lichenographist

Li`chen*og"ra*phist (?), n. One who describes lichens; one versed in lichenography.

Lichenography

Li`chen*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Lichen + -graphy: cf. F. lich\'82nographie.] A description of lichens; the science which illustrates the natural history of lichens.

Lichenologist

Li`chen*ol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in lichenology.

Lichenolgy

Li`chen*ol"*gy (?), n. [Lichen + -logy.] The science which treats of lichens.

Lichenous

Li"chen*ous (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, lichens; abounding in lichens; covered with lichens. G. Eliot.

Lichi

Li"chi` (?), n. (Bot.) See Litchi.

Lichwale

Lich"wale` (?), n. (Bot.) The gromwell.

Lichwort

Lich"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) An herb, the wall pellitory. See Pellitory.

Licit

Lic"it (?), a. [L.licitus permitted, lawful, from licere: cf. F. licite. See License.] Lawful. "Licit establishments." Carlyle. -- Lic"it*ly, adv. -- Lic"it*ness, n.

Licitation

Lic`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. licitatio, fr. licitari, liceri, to bid, offer a price.] The act of offering for sale to the highest bidder. [R.]

Lick

Lick (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Licked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Licking.] [AS. liccian; akin to OS. likk, D. likken, OHG. lecch, G. lecken, Goth. bi-laig, Russ. lizate, L. lingere, Gr. lih, rih. . Cf. Lecher, Relish.]

1. To draw or pass the tongue over; as, a dog licks his master's hand. Addison.

2. To lap; to take in with the tongue; as, a dog or cat licks milk. Shak. To lick the dust, to be slain; to fall in battle. "His enemies shall lick the dust." Ps. lxxii. 9. -- To lick into shape, to give proper form to; -- from a notion that the bear's cubs are born shapeless and subsequently formed by licking. Hudibras. -- To lick the spittle of, to fawn upon. South. -- To lick up, to take all of by licking; to devour; to consume entirely. Shak. Num. xxii. 4.

Lick

Lick, n. [See Lick, v.]

1. A stroke of the tongue in licking. "A lick at the honey pot." Dryden.

2. A quick and careless application of anything, as if by a stroke of the tongue, or of something which acts like a tongue; as, to put on colors with a lick of the brush. Also, a small quantity of any substance so applied. [Colloq.]

A lick of court white wash. Gray.

3. A place where salt is found on the surface of the earth, to which wild animals resort to lick it up; -- often, but not always, near salt springs. [U. S.] <-- = salt lick -->

Lick

Lick, v. t. [Cf. OSw. l\'84gga to place, strike, prick.] To strike with repeated blows for punishment; to flog; to whip or conquer, as in a pugilistic encounter. [Colloq. or Low]<-- to defeat in a contest? --> Carlyle. Thackeray.

Lick

Lick, n. A slap; a quick stroke.[Colloq.] "A lick across the face." Dryden.

Licker

Lick"er (?), n. [Cf. Lecher.] One who, or that which, licks. Licker in (Carding Machine), the drum, or cylinder, by which the lap is taken from the feed rollers.

Lickerish

Lick"er*ish, a. [Cf. Lecherous.]

1. Eager; craving; urged by desire; eager to taste or enjoy; greedy. "The lickerish palate of the glutton." Bp. Hall.

2. Tempting the appetite; dainty. "Lickerish baits, fit to insnare a brute." Milton.

3. lecherous; lustful. Robert of Brunne. -- Lick"er*ish*ly, adv. -- Lick"er*ish*ness, n.

Lickerous

Lick"er*ous (?), a. Lickerish; eager; lustful. [Obs.] -- Lick"er*ous*ness, n. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Licking

Lick"ing, n.

1. A lapping with the tongue.

2. A flogging or castigation. [Colloq. or Low]

Lickpenny

Lick"pen`ny (?), n. A devourer or absorber of money. "Law is a lickpenny." Sir W. Scott.

Lick-spigot

Lick"-spig`ot (?), n. A tapster. [Obs.]

Lick-spittle

Lick"-spit`tle (?), n. An abject flatterer or parasite. Theodore Hook.

Licorice

Lic"o*rice (?), n. [OE. licoris, though old French, fr. L. liquiritia, corrupted fr. glycyrrhiza, Gr. Glycerin, Glycyrrhiza, Wort.] [Written also liquorice.]

1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Glycyrrhiza (G. glabra), the root of which abounds with a juice, and is much used in demulcent compositions.

2. The inspissated juice of licorice root, used as a confection and medicinal purposes. Licorice fern (Bot.), a name of several kinds of polypody which have rootstocks of a sweetish flavor. -- Licorice sugar. (Chem.) See Glycyrrhizin. -- Licorice weed (Bot.), the tropical plant Scapania aulcis. -- Mountain licorice (Bot.), a kind of clover (Trifolium alpinum), found in the Alps. It has large purplish flowers and a sweetish perennial rootstock. -- Wild licorice. (Bot.) (a) The North American perennial herb Glycyrrhiza lepidota. (b) Certain broad-leaved cleavers (Galium circ\'91zans and G. lanceolatum). (c) The leguminous climber Abrus precatorius, whose scarlet and black seeds are called black-eyed Susans. Its roots are used as a substitute for those of true licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra).

Licorous

Lic"o*rous (?), a. See Lickerish. -- Lic"o*rous*ness, n. [Obs.] Herbert.

Licour

Lic"our (?), n. Liquor. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lictor

Lic"tor, n. [L.] (Rom. Antiq.) An officer who bore an ax and fasces or rods, as ensigns of his office. His duty was to attend the chief magistrates when they appeared in public, to clear the way, and cause due respect to be paid to them, also to apprehend and punish criminals.
Lictors and rods, the ensigns of their power. Milton.

Lid

Lid (?), n. [AS. hlid, fr. hl\'c6dan (in comp.) to cover, shut; akin to OS. hl\'c6dan (in comp.), D. lid, OHG. hlit, G. augenlid eyelid, Icel. hli gate, gateway.

1. That which covers the opening of a vessel or box, etc. ; a movable cover; as, the lid of a chest or trunk.

2. The cover of the eye; an eyelid. Shak.

Tears, big tears, gushed from the rough soldier's lid. Byron.

3. (Bot.) (a) The cover of the spore cases of mosses. (b) A calyx which separates from the flower, and falls off in a single piece, as in the Australian Eucalypti. (c) The top of an ovary which opens transversely, as in the fruit of the purslane and the tree which yields Brazil nuts.

Lidded

Lid"ded (?), a. Covered with a lid. Keats.

Lidge

Lidge (?), n. Same Ledge.[Obs.] Spenser.

Lidless

Lid"less (?), a. Having no lid, or not covered with the lids, as the eyes; hence, sleepless; watchful.
A lidless watcher of the public weal. Tennyson.

Lie

Lie (?), n. See Lye.

Lie

Lie (?), n. [AS. lyge; akin to D. leugen, OHG. lugi, G. l\'81ge, lug, Icel. lygi, Dan. & Sw. l\'94gn, Goth. liugn. See Lie to utter a falsehood.]

1. A falsehood uttered or acted for the purpose of deception; an intentional violation of truth; an untruth spoken with the intention to deceive.

It is willful deceit that makes a lie. A man may act a lie, as by pointing his finger in a wrong direction when a traveler inquires of him his road. Paley.

2. A fiction; a fable; an untruth. Dryden.

3. Anything which misleads or disappoints.

Wishing this lie of life was o'er. Trench.
To give the lie to. (a) To charge with falsehood; as, the man gave him the lie. (b) To reveal to be false; as, a man's actions may give the lie to his words. -- White lie, a euphemism for such lies as one finds it convenient to tell, and excuses himself for telling. Syn. -- Untruth; falsehood; fiction; deception. -- lie, Untruth. A man may state what is untrue from ignorance or misconception; hence, to impute an untruth to one is not necessarily the same as charging him with a lie. Every lie is an untruth, but not every untruth is a lie. Cf. Falsity.

Lie

Lie, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lying (?).] [OE. lien, li, le, leo, AS. le\'a2gan; akin to D. liegen, OS. & OHG. liogan, G. l\'81gen, Icel. lj, Sw. ljuga, Dan.lyve, Goth. liugan, Russ. lgate.] To utter falsehood with an intention to deceive; to say or do that which is intended to deceive another, when he a right to know the truth, or when morality requires a just representation.

Lie

Lie, v. i. [imp. Lay (?); p. p. Lain (?), (Lien (, [Obs.]); p. pr. & vb. n. Lying.] [OE. lien, liggen, AS. licgan; akin to D. liggen, OHG. ligen, licken, G. liegen, Icel. liggja, Sw. ligga, Dan. ligge, Goth. ligan, Russ. lejate, L. lectus bed, Gr. Lair, Law, Lay, v. t., Litter, Low, adj.]

1. To rest extended on the ground, a bed, or any support; to be, or to put one's self, in an horizontal position, or nearly so; to be prostate; to be stretched out; -- often with down, when predicated of living creatures; as, the book lies on the table; the snow lies on the roof; he lies in his coffin.

The watchful traveler . . . Lay down again, and closed his weary eyes. Dryden.

2. To be situated; to occupy a certain place; as, Ireland lies west of England; the meadows lie along the river; the ship lay in port.

3. To abide; to remain for a longer or shorter time; to be in a certain state or condition; as, to lie waste; to lie fallow; to lie open; to lie hid; to lie grieving; to lie under one's displeasure; to lie at the mercy of the waves; the paper does not lie smooth on the wall.

4. To be or exist; to belong or pertain; to have an abiding place; to consist; -- with in.

Envy lies between beings equal in nature, though unequal in circumstances. Collier.
He that thinks that diversion may not lie in hard labor, forgets the early rising and hard riding of huntsmen. Locke.

5. To lodge; to sleep.

Whiles I was now trifling at home, I saw London, . . . where I lay one night only. Evelyn.
Mr. Quinion lay at our house that night. Dickens.

6. To be still or quiet, like one lying down to rest.

The wind is loud and will not lie. Shak.

7. (Law) To be sustainable; to be capable of being maintained. "An appeal lies in this case." Parsons. &hand; Through ignorance or carelessness speakers and writers often confuse the forms of the two distinct verbs lay and lie. Lay is a transitive verb, and has for its preterit laid; as, he told me to lay it down, and I laid it down. Lie is intransitive, and has for its preterit lay; as, he told me to lie down, and I lay down. Some persons blunder by using laid for the preterit of lie; as, he told me to lie down, and I laid down. So persons often say incorrectly, the ship laid at anchor; they laid by during the storm; the book was laying on the shelf, etc. It is only necessary to remember, in all such cases, that laid is the preterit of lay, and not of lie. To lie along the shore (Naut.), to coast, keeping land in sight. -- To lie at the door of, to be imputable to; as, the sin, blame, etc., lies at your door. -- To lie at the heart, to be an object of affection, desire, or anxiety. Sir W. Temple. -- To lie at the mercy of, to be in the power of. -- To lie by. (a) To remain with; to be at hand; as, he has the manuscript lying by him. (b) To rest; to intermit labor; as, we lay by during the heat of the day. -- To lie hard ∨ heavy, to press or weigh; to bear hard. -- To lie in, to be in childbed; to bring forth young. -- To lie in one, to be in the power of; to belong to. "As much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men." Rom. xii. 18. -- To lie in the way, to be an obstacle or impediment. -- To lie in wait , to wait in concealment; to lie in ambush. -- To lie on ∨ upon. (a) To depend on; as, his life lies on the result. (b) To bear, rest, press, or weigh on. -- To lie low, to remain in concealment or inactive. [Slang] -- To lie on hand, To lie on one's hands, to remain unsold or unused; as, the goods are still lying on his hands; they have too much time lying on their hands. -- To lie on the head of, to be imputed to.

What he gets more of her than sharp words, let it lie on my head. Shak.
-- To lie over. (a) To remain unpaid after the time when payment is due, as a note in bank. (b) To be deferred to some future occasion, as a resolution in a public deliberative body. -- To lie to (Naut.), to stop or delay; especially, to head as near the wind as possible as being the position of greatest safety in a gale; -- said of a ship. Cf. To bring to, under Bring. -- To lie under, to be subject to; to suffer; to be oppressed by. -- To lie with. (a) To lodge or sleep with. (b) To have sexual intercourse with. (c) To belong to; as, it lies with you to make amends.
Page 850

Lie

Lie (?), n. The position or way in which anything lies; the lay, as of land or country. J. H. Newman.
He surveyed with his own eyes . . . the lie of the country on the side towards Thrace. Jowett (Thucyd.).

Lieberk\'81hn

Lie"ber*k\'81hn (?), n. [Named after a German physician and instrument maker, J. n. Lieberk\'81hn.] (Optics) A concave metallic mirror attached to the object-glass end of a microscope, to throw down light on opaque objects; a reflector.

Lieberk\'81hn's glands

Lie"ber*k\'81hn's glands` (?). [See Lieberk\'81hn.] (Anat.) The simple tubular glands of the small intestines; -- called also crypts of Lieberk\'81hn.

Lied

Lied (?), n. ; pl. Lieder (#). [G.] (Mus.) A lay; a German song. It differs from the French chanson, and the Italian canzone, all three being national.
The German Lied is perhaps the most faithful reflection of the national sentiment. Grove.

Liedertafel

Lie"der*ta`fel (?), n. [G., lit., a song table.] (Mus.) A popular name for any society or club which meets for the practice of male part songs.

Lief

Lief (?), n. Same as Lif.

Lief

Lief (?), a. [Written also lieve.] [OE. leef, lef, leof, AS. le\'a2f; akin to OS.liof, OFries. liaf, D. lief, G. lieb, OHG. liob, Icel. lj, Sw.ljuf, Goth. liubs, and E. love. &root;124. See Love, and cf. Believe, Leave, n., Furlough, Libidinous.]

1. Dear; beloved. [Obs., except in poetry.] "My liefe mother." Chaucer. "My liefest liege." Shak.

As thou art lief and dear. Tennyson.

2. (Used with a form of the verb to be, and the dative of the personal pronoun.) Pleasing; agreeable; acceptable; preferable. [Obs.] See Lief, adv., and Had as lief, under Had.

Full lief me were this counsel for to hide. Chaucer.
Death me liefer were than such despite. Spenser.

3. Willing; disposed. [Obs.]

I am not lief to gab. Chaucer.
He up arose, however lief or loth. Spenser.

Lief

Lief, n. A dear one; a sweetheart. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lief

Lief, adv. Gladly; willingly; freely; -- now used only in the phrases, had as lief, and would as lief; as, I had, or would, as lief go as not.
All women liefest would Be sovereign of man's love. Gower.
I had as lief the town crier spoke my lines. Shak.
Far liefer by his dear hand had I die. Tennyson.
&hand; The comparative liefer with had or would, and followed by the infinitive, either with or without the sign to, signifies prefer, choose as preferable, would or had rather. In the 16th century rather was substituted for liefer in such constructions in literary English, and has continued to be generally so used. See Had as lief, Had rather, etc. , under Had.

Liefsome

Lief"some (?), a. Pleasing; delightful. [Obs.]

Liegance

Lieg"ance (?), n. Same as Ligeance.

Liege

Liege (?), a. [OE. lige, lege, F. lige, LL. ligius, legius, liege, unlimited, complete, prob. of German origin; cf. G. ledig free from bonds and obstacles, MHG. ledec, ledic, lidic, freed, loosed, and Charta Ottonis de Benthem, ann. ligius homo
quod Teutonic\'8a dicitur ledigman," i. e., uni soli homagio obligatus, free from all obligations to others; influenced by L.ligare to bind. G. ledig perh. orig. meant, free to go where one pleases, and is perh. akin to E.lead to conduct. Cf. Lead to guide.]

1. Sovereign; independent; having authority or right to allegiance; as, a liege lord. Chaucer.

She looked as grand as doomsday and as grave; And he, he reverenced his liege lady there. Tennyson.

2. serving an independent sovereign or master; bound by a feudal tenure; obliged to be faithful and loyal to a superior, as a vassal to his lord; faithful; loyal; as, a liege man; a liege subject.

3. (Old Law) Full; perfect; complete; pure. Burrill. Liege homage (Feudal Custom), that homage of one sovereign or prince to another which acknowledged an obligation of fealty and services. -- Liege poustie [L. legitima potestas] (Scots Law), perfect, i. e., legal, power; specif., having health requisite to do legal acts. -- Liege widowhood, perfect, i. e., pure, widowhood. [Obs.]

Liege

Liege (?), n.

1. A free and independent person; specif., a lord paramount; a sovereign. Mrs. Browning.

The anointed sovereign of sighs and groans, Liege of all loiterers and malcontents. Shak.

2. The subject of a sovereign or lord; a liegeman.

A liege lord seems to have been a lord of a free band; and his lieges, though serving under him, were privileged men, free from all other obligations, their name being due to their freedom, not to their service. Skeat.

Liegeman

Liege"man (?), n.; pl. Liegemen (. Same as Liege, n., 2. Chaucer. Spenser.

Lieger

Lie"ger (?), n. [See Leger, Ledger.] A resident ambassador. [Obs.] See Leger. Denham.

Liegiancy

Lie"gian*cy (?), n. See Ligeance.

Lien

Li"en (?), obs. p. p. of Lie. See lain. Ps. lxviii. 13.

Lien

Lien (?), n. [F. lien band, bond, tie, fr. L. ligamen, fr. ligare to bind. Cf. League a union, Leam a string, Leamer, Ligament.] (Law) A legal claim; a charge upon real or personal property for the satisfaction of some debt or duty; a right in one to control or hold and retain the property of another until some claim of the former is paid or satisfied.

Lienal

Li*e"nal (?), a. [L. lien the spleen.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the spleen; splenic.

Lienculus

Li*en"cu*lus (?), n.; pl. Lienculi (#). [NL., dim. of L. lien the spleen.] (Anat.) One of the small nodules sometimes found in the neighborhood of the spleen; an accessory or supplementary spleen.

Lieno-intestinal

Li*e`no-in*tes"ti*nal (?), a. [l. lien the spleen + E. intestinal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the spleen and intestine; as, the lieno-intestinal vein of the frog.

Lienteric

Li`en*ter"ic (?), a. [L. lientericus, Gr. lient\'82rique
. See Lientery.]
(Med.) Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of, a lientery. -- n. (Med.) A lientery. Grew.

Lientery

Li"en*ter*y (?), n. [Gr. lient\'82rie.] (Med.) A diarrhea, in which the food is discharged imperfectly digested, or with but little change. Dunglison.

Lier

Li"er (?), n. [From Lie. ] One who lies down; one who rests or remains, as in concealment.
There were liers in a ambush against him. Josh. viii. 14.

Lierne rib

Lierne" rib` (?). [F. lierne.] (Arch.) In Gothic vaulting, any rib which does not spring from the impost and is not a ridge rib, but passes from one boss or intersection of the principal ribs to another.

Lieu

Lieu (?), n. [F., OF. also liu, leu, lou, fr. L. locus place. See Local, Locus.] Place; room; stead; -- used only in the phrase in lieu of, that is, instead of.
The plan of extortion had been adopted in lieu of the scheme of confiscation. Burke.

Lieutenancy

Lieu*ten"an*cy (?), n.

1. The office, rank, or commission, of a lieutenant.

2. The body of lieutenants or subordinates. [Obs.]

The list of the lieutenancy of our metropolis. Felton.

Lieutenant

Lieu*ten"ant (?), n. [F., fr. lieu place + tenant holding, p. pr. of tenir to hold, L. tenere. See Lieu, and Tenant, and cf. Locum tenens.]

1. An officer who supplies the place of a superior in his absence; a representative of, or substitute for, another in the performance of any duty.

The lawful magistrate, who is the vicegerent or lieutenant of God. Abp. Bramhall.

2. (a) A commissioned officer in the army, next below a captain. (b) A commissioned officer in the British navy, in rank next below a commander. (c) A commissioned officer in the United States navy, in rank next below a lieutenant commander. &hand; Lieutenant is often used, either adjectively or in hyphened compounds, to denote an officer, in rank next below another, especially when the duties of the higher officer may devolve upon the lower one; as, lieutenant general, or lieutenant-general; lieutenant colonel, or lieutenant-colonel; lieutenant governor, etc. Deputy lieutenant, the title of any one of the deputies or assistants of the lord lieutenant of a county. [Eng.] -- Lieutenant colonel, an army officer next in rank above major, and below colonel. -- Lieutenant commander, an officer in the United States navy, in rank next below a commander and next above a lieutenant. -- Lieutenant general. See in Vocabulary. -- Lieutenant governor. (a) An officer of a State, being next in rank to the governor, and in case of the death or resignation of the latter, himself acting as governor. [U. S.] (b) A deputy governor acting as the chief civil officer of one of several colonies under a governor general. [Eng.]

Lieutenant general

Lieu*ten"ant gen"er*al (?). An army officer in rank next below a general and next above a major general. &hand; In the United States, before the civil war, this rank had been conferred only on George Washington and (in brevet) on Winfield Scott. In 1864 it was revived by Congress and conferred on Ulysses S. Grant, and subsequently, by promotion, on William T. Sherman and Philip H. Sheridan, each of whom was advanced to the rank of general of the army. When Sheridan was made general (in 1888) the rank of lieutenant general was suffered to lapse. See General.

Lieutenantry

Lieu*ten"ant*ry (?), n. See Lieutenancy. [Obs.]

Lieutenantship

Lieu*ten"ant*ship, n. Same as Lieutenancy, 1.

Lieve

Lieve (?), a. Same as Lief.

Lif

Lif (?), n. [Written also lief.] The fiber by which the petioles of the date palm are bound together, from which various kinds of cordage are made.

Life

Life (?), n.; pl. Lives (#). [AS. l; akin to D. lijf body, G. leib body, MHG. l life, body, OHG. l life, Icel. l, life, body, Sw. lif, Dan. liv, and E. live, v. Live, and cf. Alive.]

1. The state of being which begins with generation, birth, or germination, and ends with death; also, the time during which this state continues; that state of an animal or plant in which all or any of its organs are capable of performing all or any of their functions; -- used of all animal and vegetable organisms.

2. Of human being: The union of the soul and body; also, the duration of their union; sometimes, the deathless quality or existence of the soul; as, man is a creature having an immortal life.

She shows a body rather than a life. Shak.

3. (Philos) The potential principle, or force, by which the organs of animals and plants are started and continued in the performance of their several and co\'94perative functions; the vital force, whether regarded as physical or spiritual.

4. Figuratively: The potential or animating principle, also, the period of duration, of anything that is conceived of as resembling a natural organism in structure or functions; as, the life of a state, a machine, or a book; authority is the life of government.

5. A certain way or manner of living with respect to conditions, circumstances, character, conduct, occupation, etc.; hence, human affairs; also, lives, considered collectively, as a distinct class or type; as, low life; a good or evil life; the life of Indians, or of miners.

That which before us lies in daily life. Milton.
By experience of life abroad in the world. Ascham.
Lives of great men all remind us We can make our lives sublime. Longfellow.
'T is from high life high characters are drawn. Pope

6. Animation; spirit; vivacity; vigor; energy.

No notion of life and fire in fancy and in words. Felton.
That gives thy gestures grace and life. Wordsworth.

7. That which imparts or excites spirit or vigor; that upon which enjoyment or success depends; as, he was the life of the company, or of the enterprise.

8. The living or actual form, person, thing, or state; as, a picture or a description from, the life.

9. A person; a living being, usually a human being; as, many lives were sacrificed.

10. The system of animal nature; animals in general, or considered collectively.

Full nature swarms with life. Thomson.

11. An essential constituent of life, esp: the blood.

The words that I speak unto you . . . they are life. John vi. 63.
The warm life came issuing through the wound. Pope

12. A history of the acts and events of a life; a biography; as, Johnson wrote the life of Milton.

13. Enjoyment in the right use of the powers; especially, a spiritual existence; happiness in the favor of God; heavenly felicity.

14. Something dear to one as one's existence; a darling; -- used as a term of endearment. &hand; Life forms the first part of many compounds, for the most part of obvious meaning; as, life-giving, life-sustaining, etc. Life annuity, an annuity payable during one's life. -- Life arrow, Life rocket, Life shot, an arrow, rocket, or shot, for carrying an attached line to a vessel in distress in order to save life. -- Life assurance. See Life insurance, below. <-- no life boat?--> -- Life buoy. See Buoy. -- Life car, a water-tight boat or box, traveling on a line from a wrecked vessel to the shore. In it person are hauled through the waves and surf. -- Life drop, a drop of vital blood. Byron. -- Life estate (Law), an estate which is held during the term of some certain person's life, but does not pass by inheritance. -- Life everlasting (Bot.), a plant with white or yellow persistent scales about the heads of the flowers, as Antennaria, and Gnaphalium; cudweed. -- Life of an execution (Law), the period when an execution is in force, or before it expires. -- Life guard. (Mil.) See under Guard. -- Life insurance, the act or system of insuring against death; a contract by which the insurer undertakes, in consideration of the payment of a premium (usually at stated periods), to pay a stipulated sum in the event of the death of the insured or of a third person in whose life the insured has an interest. -- Life interest, an estate or interest which lasts during one's life, or the life of another person, but does not pass by inheritance. -- Life land (Law), land held by lease for the term of a life or lives. -- Life line. (a) (Naut.) A line along any part of a vessel for the security of sailors. (b) A line attached to a life boat, or to any life saving apparatus, to be grasped by a person in the water. -- Life rate, rate of premium for insuring a life. -- Life rent, the rent of a life estate; rent or property to which one is entitled during one's life. -- Life school, a school for artists in which they model, paint, or draw from living models. -- Lifetable, a table showing the probability of life at different ages. -- To lose one's life, to die. -- To seek the life of, to seek to kill. -- To the life, so as closely to resemble the living person or the subject; as, the portrait was drawn to the life.

Lifeblood

Life"blood` (?), n.

1. The blood necessary to life; vital blood. Dryden.

2. Fig.: That which gives strength and energy.

Money [is] the lifeblood of the nation. Swift.

Lifeboat

Life"boat` (?), n. A strong, buoyant boat especially designed for saving the lives of shipwrecked people.

Lifeful

Life"ful (?), a. Full of vitality. Spenser.

Life-giving

Life"-giv`ing (?), a. Giving life or spirit; having power to give life; inspiriting; invigorating.

Lifehold

Life"hold` (?), n. Land held by a life estate.

Lifeless

Life"less, a. Destitute of life, or deprived of life; not containing, or inhabited by, living beings or vegetation; dead, or apparently dead; spiritless; powerless; dull; as, a lifeless carcass; lifeless matter; a lifeless desert; a lifeless wine; a lifeless story. -- Life"less*ly, adv. -- Life"less*ness, n. Syn. -- Dead; soulless; inanimate; torpid; inert; inactive; dull; heavy; unanimated; spiritless; frigid; pointless; vapid; flat; tasteless. -- Lifeless, Dull, Inanimate, Dead. In a moral sense, lifeless denotes a want of vital energy; inanimate, a want of expression as to any feeling that may be possessed; dull implies a torpor of soul which checks all mental activity; dead supposes a destitution of feeling. A person is said to be lifeless who has lost the spirits which he once had; he is said to be inanimate when he is naturally wanting in spirits; one is dull from an original deficiency of mental power; he who is dead to moral sentiment is wholly bereft of the highest attribute of his nature.

Lifelike

Life"like` (?), a. [Cf. Lively.] Like a living being; resembling life; giving an accurate representation; as, a lifelike portrait. -- Life"like`ness, n. Poe.

Lifelong

Life"long (?), a. [Life + long. Cf. Livelong.] Lasting or continuing through life. Tennyson.

Lifely

Life"ly, adv. [Cf. Lively, a.] In a lifelike manner. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lifemate

Life"mate` (?), n. Companion for life. Hawthorne.

Lifen

Lif"en (?), v. t. To enliven. [Obs.] Marston.

Life-preserver

Life"-pre*serv`er (?), n. An apparatus, made in very various forms, and of various materials, for saving one from drowning by buoying up the body while in the water. -- Life"-pre*serv`ing, a.

Life-saving

Life"-sav`ing (?), a. That saves life, or is suited to save life, esp. from drowning; as, the life-saving service; a life-saving station.

Life-size

Life"-size` (?), a. Of full size; of the natural size.

Lifesome

Life"some (?), a. Animated; sprightly. [Poetic] Coleridge. -- Life"some*ness, n.

Lifespring

Life"spring` (?), n. Spring or source of life.

Lifestring

Life"string" (?), n. A nerve, or string, that is imagined to be essential to life. Daniel.

Lifetime

Life"time` (, n. The time that life continues.

Life-weary

Life"-wea`ry (?), a. Weary of living. Shak.

Liflode

Lif"lode (?), n. Livelihood. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lift

Lift (?), n.[AS.lyft air. See Loft.] The sky; the atmosphere; the firmament. [Obs. or Scot.]

Lift

Lift (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Lifting.] [Icel. lypta, fr. lopt air; akin to Sw.lyfta to lift, Dan. l\'94fte, G. l\'81ften; -- prop., to raise into the air. See Loft, and cf. 1st Lift.]

1. To move in a direction opposite to that of gravitation; to raise; to elevate; to bring up from a lower place to a higher; to upheave; sometimes implying a continued support or holding in the higher place; -- said of material things; as, to lift the foot or the hand; to lift a chair or a burden.


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2. To raise, elevate, exalt, improve, in rank, condition, estimation, character, etc.; -- often with up.

The Roman virtues lift up mortal man. Addison.
Lest, being lifted up with pride. I Tim. iii. 6.

3. To bear; to support. [Obs.] Spenser.

4. To collect, as moneys due; to raise.

5. [Perh. a different word, and akin to Goth. hliftus thief, hlifan to steal, L. clepere, Gr. Shoplifter.] To steal; to carry off by theft (esp. cattle); as, to lift a drove of cattle. &hand; In old writers, lift is sometimes used for lifted.

He ne'er lift up his hand but conquered. Shak.
To lift up, to raise or elevate; in the Scriptures, specifically, to elevate upon the cross. John viii. 28. -- To lift up the eyes. To look up; to raise the eyes, as in prayer. Ps. cxxi. 1. -- To lift up the feet, to come speedily to one's relief. Ps. lxxiv. 3. -- To lift up the hand. (a) To take an oath. Gen. xiv. 22. (b) To pray. Ps. xxviii. 2. (c) To engage in duty. Heb. xii. 12. -- To lift up the hand against, to rebel against; to assault; to attack; to injure; to oppress. Job xxxi. 21. -- To lift up one's head, to cause one to be exalted or to rejoice. Gen. xl. 13. Luke xxi. 28. -- To lift up the heel against, to treat with insolence or unkindness. John xiii.18. -- To lift up the voice, to cry aloud; to call out. Gen. xxi. 16.

Lift

Lift (?), v. i.

1. To try to raise something; to exert the strength for raising or bearing.

Strained by lifting at a weight too heavy. Locke.

2. To rise; to become or appear raised or elevated; as, the fog lifts; the land lifts to a ship approaching it.

3. [See Lift, v. t., 5.] To live by theft. Spenser.

Lift

Lift, n.

1. Act of lifting; also, that which is lifted.

2. The space or distance through which anything is lifted; as, a long lift. Bacon.

3. Help; assistance, as by lifting; as, to give one a lift in a wagon. [Colloq.]

The goat gives the fox a lift. L'Estrange.
<-- 3b. a ride in a vehicle, given by the vehicle's owner to another person as a favor -- usually in "give a lift" or "got a lift", as "Jack gave me a lift into town." -->

4. That by means of which a person or thing lifts or is lifted; as: (a) A hoisting machine; an elevator; a dumb waiter. (b) An exercising machine.

5. A rise; a degree of elevation; as, the lift of a lock in canals.

6. A lift gate. See Lift gate, below. [Prov. Eng.]

7. (Naut.) A rope leading from the masthead to the extremity of a yard below; -- used for raising or supporting the end of the yard.

8. (Mach.) One of the steps of a cone pulley.

9. (Shoemaking) A layer of leather in the heel.

10. (Horology) That portion of the vibration of a balance during which the impulse is given. Saunier. Dead lift. See under Dead. Swift. -- Lift bridge, a kind of drawbridge, the movable part of which is lifted, instead of being drawn aside. -- Lift gate, a gate that is opened by lifting. -- Lift hammer. See Tilt hammer. -- Lift lock, a canal lock. -- Lift pump, a lifting pump. -- Lift tenter (Windmills), a governor for regulating the speed by adjusting the sails, or for adjusting the action of grinding machinery according to the speed. -- Lift wall (Canal Lock), the cross wall at the head of the lock.

Liftable

Lift"a*ble (?), a.Such as can be lifted.

Lifter

Lift"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, lifts.

2. (Founding) A tool for lifting loose sand from the mold; also, a contrivance attached to a cope, to hold the sand together when the cope is lifted.

Lifting

Lift"ing, a. Used in, or for, or by, lifting. Lifting bridge, a lift bridge. -- Lifting jack. See 2d Jack, 5. -- Lifting machine. See Health lift, under Health. -- Lifting pump. (Mach.) (a) A kind of pump having a bucket, or valved piston, instead of a solid piston, for drawing water and lifting it to a high level. (b) A pump which lifts the water only to the top of the pump, or delivers it through a spout; a lift pump. -- Lifting rod, a vertical rod lifted by a rock shaft, and imparting motion to a puppet valve; -- used in the engines of river steamboats. -- Lifting sail (Naut.), one which tends to lift a vessel's bow out of water, as jibs and square foresails.

Lig

Lig (?), v. i. [See Lie to be prostrate.] To recline; to lie still. [Obs. or Scot.] Chaucer. Spenser.

Ligament

Lig"a*ment (?), n. [L. ligamentum, fr. ligare to bind; cf. f. ligament. Cf. Lien, n., Ligature.]

1. Anything that ties or unites one thing or part to another; a bandage; a bond. Hawthorne.

Interwoven is the love of liberty with every ligament of your hearts. Washington.

2. (Anat.) (a) A tough band or plate of dense, fibrous, connective tissue or fibrocartilage serving to unite bones or form joints. (b) A band of connective tissue, or a membranous fold, which supports or retains an organ in place; as, the gastrophrenic ligament, connecting the diaphragm and stomach.

Ligamental, Ligamentous

Lig`a*men"tal (?), Lig"a*men"tous (?), a. [Cf. F. ligamenteux.] Composing a ligament; of the nature of a ligament; binding; as, a strong ligamentous membrane.

Ligan

Li"gan (?), n.[Cf. L. ligare to bind, to tie, ligamen band, bandage, E. ligament, or ligsam.] (Law) Goods sunk in the sea, with a buoy attached in order that they may be found again. See Jetsam and Flotsam. [Written also lagan.] Blackstone.

Ligate

Li"gate (?), v. t. [L. ligatus, p. p. of ligare.] To tie with a ligature; to bind around; to bandage. <-- ((Molecular biology) To concatenate two strands of nucleic acid, usually DNA, in an end-to-end fashion, using a ligase. -->

Ligation

Li*ga"tion (?), n. [L. ligatio, fr. ligare to bind. Cf. Liaison.]

1. The act of binding, or the state of being bound.

2. That which binds; bond; connection.

Tied with tape, and sealed at each fold and ligation. Sir W. Scott.

Ligator

Li*ga"tor (?) n. [See Ligate.] (Surg.) An instrument for ligating, or for placing and fastening a ligature.

Ligature

Lig"a*ture (?), n. [L. ligatura, fr. ligare, ligatum, to bind: cf. f. ligature. Cf. Ally, League, Legatura, Liable, Legament.]

1. The act of binding.

2. Anything that binds; a band or bandage.

3. (Surg.) (a) A thread or string for tying the blood vessels, particularly the arteries, to prevent hemorrhage. (b) A thread or wire used to remove tumors, etc.

4. The state of being bound or stiffened; stiffness; as, the ligature of a joint.

5. Impotence caused by magic or charms. [Obs.]

6. (Mus.) A curve or line connecting notes; a slur.

7. (Print.) A double character, or a type consisting of two or more letters or characters united, as \'91, , .

Ligature

Lig"a*ture (?), v. t. (Surg.) To ligate; to tie.

Lige

Lig"e (?), v. t. & i. To lie; to tell lies. [Obs.]

Ligeance

Li"geance (?), n. [OF. ligeance, ligance. See Liege.] (O. Eng. Law) The connection between sovereign and subject by which they were mutually bound, the former to protection and the securing of justice, the latter to faithful service; allegiance. [Written also ligeancy and liegance.] Chaucer.

Ligement

Lige"ment (?), n. See Ledgment

Ligge

Lig"ge (?), v. i. To lie or recline. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ligger

Lig"ger (?), n.

1. A baited line attached to a float, for night fishing. See Leger, a.

2. See Ledger, 2.

Light

Light (?), n. [OE.light, liht, AS. le\'a2t; akin to OS. lioht, D. & G. licht, OHG. lioht, Goth. liuhap, Icel. lj, L. lux light, lucere to shine, Gr. ruc to shine. Lucid, Lunar, Luminous, Lynx.]

1. That agent, force, or action in nature by the operation of which upon the organs of sight, objects are rendered visible or luminous. &hand; Light was regarded formerly as consisting of material particles, or corpuscules, sent off in all directions from luminous bodies, and traversing space, in right lines, with the known velocity of about 186,300 miles per second; but it is now generally understood to consist, not in any actual transmission of particles or substance, but in the propagation of vibrations or undulations in a subtile, elastic medium, or ether, assumed to pervade all space, and to be thus set in vibratory motion by the action of luminous bodies, as the atmosphere is by sonorous bodies. This view of the nature of light is known as the undulatory or wave theory; the other, advocated by Newton (but long since abandoned), as the corpuscular, emission, or Newtonian theory. A more recent theory makes light to consist in electrical oscillations, and is known as the electro-magnetic theory of light.

2. That which furnishes, or is a source of, light, as the sun, a star, a candle, a lighthouse, etc.

Then he called for a light, and sprang in. Acts xvi. 29.
And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night. Gen. i. 16.

3. The time during which the light of the sun is visible; day; especially, the dawn of day.

The murderer, rising with the light, killeth the poor and needy. Job xxiv. 14.

4. The brightness of the eye or eyes.

He seemed to find his way without his eyes; For out o'door he went without their helps, And, to the last, bended their light on me. Shak.

5. The medium through which light is admitted, as a window, or window pane; a skylight; in architecture, one of the compartments of a window made by a mullion or mullions.

There were windows in three rows, and light was against light in three ranks. I Kings vii.4.

6. Life; existence.

O, spring to light, auspicious Babe, be born ! Pope.

7. Open view; a visible state or condition; public observation; publicity.

The duke yet would have dark deeds darkly answered; he would never bring them to light. Shak.

8. The power of perception by vision.

My strength faileth me; as for the light of my eyes, it also is gone from me. Ps. xxxviii. 10.

9. That which illumines or makes clear to the mind; mental or spiritual illumination; enlightenment; knowledge; information.

He shall never know That I had any light of this from thee. Shak.

10. Prosperity; happiness; joy; felicity.

Then shall thy light break forth as the morning, and thy health shall spring forth speedily. Is. lviii. 8.

11. (Paint.) The manner in which the light strikes upon a picture; that part of a picture which represents those objects upon which the light is supposed to fall; the more illuminated part of a landscape or other scene; -- opposed to shade. Cf. Chiaroscuro.

12. Appearance due to the particular facts and circumstances presented to view; point of view; as, to state things fairly and put them in the right light.

Frequent consideration of a thing . . . shows it in its several lights and various ways of appearance. South.

13. One who is conspicuous or noteworthy; a model or example; as, the lights of the age or of antiquity.

Joan of Are, A light of ancient France. Tennyson.

14. (Pyrotech.) A firework made by filling a case with a substance which burns brilliantly with a white or colored flame; as, a Bengal light. &hand; Light is used figuratively to denote that which resembles physical light in any respect, as illuminating, benefiting, enlightening, or enlivening mankind. Ancient lights (Law), Calcium light, Flash light, etc. See under Ancient, Calcium, etc. -- Light ball (Mil.), a ball of combustible materials, used to afford light; -- sometimes made so as to fired from a cannon or mortar, or to be carried up by a rocket. -- Light barrel (Mil.), an empty power barrel pierced with holes and filled with shavings soaked in pitch, used to light up a ditch or a breach. -- Light dues (Com.), tolls levied on ships navigating certain waters, for the maintenance of lighthouses. -- Light iron, a candlestick. [Obs.] -- Light keeper, a person appointed to take care of a lighthouse or light-ship. -- Light money, charges laid by government on shipping entering a port, for the maintenance of lighthouses and light-ships. -- The light of the countenance, favor; kindness; smiles.

Lord, lift thou up the light of thy countenance upon us. Ps. iv. 6.
-- Northern lights. See Aurora borealis, under Aurora. -- To bring to light, to cause to be disclosed. -- To come to light, to be disclosed. -- To see the light, to come into the light; hence, to come into the world or public notice; as, his book never saw the light.<-- also, see the light of day; (b) to come to understand (sometimes used ironically, said of a person who professes to change his opinion after he has been convinced that it will be in his own interest if the facts are different from his initial beliefs) --> -- To stand in one's own light, to take a position which is injurious to one's own interest.

Light

Light (?), a. [AS. le\'a2ht. See Light, n.] [Compar. Lighter (#); superl. Lightest.]

1. Having light; not dark or obscure; bright; clear; as, the apartment is light.

2. White or whitish; not intense or very marked; not of a deep shade; moderately colored; as, a light color; a light brown; a light complexion.

Light

Light, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lighted (?) or Lit (p. pr. & vb. n.
Lighting.] [AS. l, l\'c6htan, to shine. Light, n.]

1. To set fire to; to cause to burn; to set burning; to ignite; to kindle; as, to light a candle or lamp; to light the gas; -- sometimes with up.

If a thousand candles be all lighted from one. Hakewill.
And the largest lamp is lit. Macaulay.
Absence might cure it, or a second mistress Light up another flame, and put out this. Addison.

2. To give light to; to illuminate; to fill with light; to spread over with light; -- often with up.

Ah, hopeless, lasting flames I like those that burn To light the dead. Pope.
One hundred years ago, to have lit this theater as brilliantly as it is now lighted would have cost, I suppose, fifty pounds. F. Harrison.
The sun has set, and Vesper, to supply His absent beams, has lighted up the sky. Dryden.

3. To attend or conduct with a light; to show the way to by means of a light.

His bishops lead him forth, and light him on. Landor.
To light a fire, to kindle the material of a fire.

Light

Light, v. i.

1. To become ignited; to take fire; as, the match will not light.

2. To be illuminated; to receive light; to brighten; -- with up; as, the room light up very well.

Light

Light, a. [Compar. Lighted (?); superl. Lightest.] [OE. light, liht, AS. l\'c6ht, le\'a2ht; akin to D. ligt, G. leicht, OHG.l\'c6hti, Icel. l, Dan. let, Sw. l\'84tt, Goth. leihts, and perh. to L. levis (cf. Levity), Gr. laghu light.

1. Having little, or comparatively little, weight; not tending to be the center of gravity with force; not heavy.

These weights did not exert their natural gravity . . . insomuch that I could not guess which was light or heavy whilst I held them in my hand. Addison.

2. Not burdensome; easy to be lifted, borne, or carried by physical strength; as, a light burden, or load.

Ye shall find rest unto your souls. For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. Matt. xi. 29. 30.

3. Easy to be endured or performed; not severe; not difficult; as, a light affliction or task. Chaucer.

Light sufferings give us leisure to complain. Dryden.

4. Easy to be digested; not oppressive to the stomach; as, light food; also, containing little nutriment.

5. Not heavily armed; armed with light weapons; as, light troops; a troop of light horse.

6. Not encumbered; unembarrassed; clear of impediments; hence, active; nimble; swift.

Unmarried men are best friends, best masters . . . but not always best subjects, for they are light to run away. Bacon.

7. Not heavily burdened; not deeply laden; not sufficiently ballasted; as, the ship returned light.

8. Slight; not important; as, a light error. Shak.

9. Well leavened; not heavy; as, light bread.

10. Not copious or heavy; not dense; not inconsiderable; as, a light rain; a light snow; light vapors.

11. Not strong or violent; moderate; as, a light wind.

12. Not pressing heavily or hard upon; hence, having an easy graceful manner; delicate; as, a light touch; a light style of execution.

13. Easy to admit influence; inconsiderate; easily influenced by trifling considerations; unsteady; unsettled; volatile; as, a light, vain person; a light mind.

There is no greater argument of a light and inconsiderate person than profanely to scoff at religion. Tillotson.

14. Indulging in, or inclined to, levity; wanting dignity or solemnity; trifling; gay; frivolous; airy; unsubstantial.

Seneca can not be too heavy, nor Plautus too light. Shak.
Specimens of New England humor laboriously light and lamentably mirthful. Hawthorne.

15. Not quite sound or normal; somewhat impaired or deranged; dizzy; giddy.

Are his wits safe? Is he not light of brain ? Shak.

16. Easily bestowed; inconsiderately rendered.

To a fair semblance doth light annex. Spenser.

17. Wanton; unchaste; as, a woman of light character.

A light wife doth make a heavy husband. Shak.

18. Not of the legal, standard, or usual weight; clipped; diminished; as, light coin.

19. Loose; sandy; easily pulverized; as, a light soil. Light cavalry, Light horse (Mil.), light-armed soldiers mounted on strong and active horses. -- Light eater, one who eats but little. -- Light infantry, infantry soldiers selected and trained for rapid evolutions. -- Light of foot. (a) Having a light step. (b) Fleet. -- Light of heart, gay, cheerful. -- Light oil (Chem.), the oily product, lighter than water, forming the chief part of the first distillate of coal tar, and consisting largely of benzene and toluene. -- Light sails (Naut.), all the sails above the topsails, with, also, the studding sails and flying jib. Dana. -- Light sleeper, one easily wakened. -- Light weight, a prize fighter, boxer, wrestler, or jockey, who is below a standard medium weight. Cf. Feather weight, under Feather. [Cant] -- To make light of, to treat as of little consequence; to slight; to disregard. -- To set light by, to undervalue; to slight; to treat as of no importance; to despise.


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Light

Light (?), adv. Lightly; cheaply. Hooker.

Light

Light, v. t. [See Light not heavy, and cf. Light to alight, and Lighten to make less heavy.] To lighten; to ease of a burden; to take off. [Obs.]
From his head the heavy burgonet did light. Spenser.

Light

Light, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lighted (?)Lit (p. pr. & vb. n.
Lighting.] [AS. l\'c6htan to alight orig., to relieve (a horse) of the rider's burden, to make less heavy, fr. l\'c6ht light. See Light not heavy, and cf. Alight, Lighten to make light.]

1. To dismount; to descend, as from a horse or carriage; to alight; -- with from, off, on, upon, at, in.

When she saw Isaac, she lighted off the camel. Gen. xxiv. 64.
Slowly rode across a withered heath, And lighted at a ruined inn. Tennyson.

2. To feel light; to be made happy. [Obs.]

It made all their hearts to light. Chaucer.

3. To descend from flight, and rest, perch, or settle, as a bird or insect.

[The bee] lights on that, and this, and tasteth all. Sir. J. Davies.
On the tree tops a crested peacock lit. Tennyson.

4. To come down suddenly and forcibly; to fall; -- with on or upon.

On me, me only, as the source and spring Of all corruption, all the blame light due. Milton.

5. To come by chance; to happen; -- with on or upon; formerly with into.

The several degrees of vision, which the assistance of glasses (casually at first lit on) has taught us to conceive. Locke.
They shall light into atheistical company. South.
And here we lit on Aunt Elizabeth, And Lilia with the rest. Tennyson.

Lightable

Light"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be lighted.

Light-armed

Light"-armed` (?), a. Armed with light weapons or accouterments.

Light-boat

Light"-boat` (?), n. Light-ship.

Lighte

Light"e (?), obs. imp. of Light, to alight. Chaucer.

Lighten

Light"en (?), v. i. [See Light to alight.] To descend; to light.
O Lord, let thy mercy lighten upon us. Book of Common Prayer [Eng. Ed.]

Lighten

Light"en (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lightened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lightening.] [OE. lightenen. See Light to kindle, illuminate.]

1. To burst forth or dart, as lightning; to shine with, or like, lightning; to display a flash or flashes of lightning; to flash.

This dreadful night, That thunders, lightens, opens graves, and roars As doth the lion. Shak.

2. To grow lighter; to become less dark or lowering; to brighten; to clear, as the sky.

Lighten

Light"en, v. t. [See Light to illuminate.]

1. To make light or clear; to light; to illuminate; as, to lighten an apartment with lamps or gas; to lighten the streets. [In this sense less common than light.]

A key of fire ran all along the shore, And lightened all the river with a blaze. Dryden.

2. To illuminate with knowledge; to enlighten. [In this sense less common than enlighten.]

Lighten my spirit with one clear heavenly ray. Sir J. Davies.

3. To emit or disclose in, or as in, lightning; to flash out, like lightning.

His eye . . . lightens forth Controlling majesty. Shak.

4. To free from trouble and fill with joy.

They looked unto him, were lightened. Ps. xxxiv. 5.

Lighten

Light"en, v. t. [See Light not heavy.]

1. To make lighter, or less heavy; to reduce in weight; to relieve of part of a load or burden; as, to lighten a ship by unloading; to lighten a load or burden.

2. To make less burdensome or afflictive; to alleviate; as, to lighten the cares of life or the burden of grief.

3. To cheer; to exhilarate.

Lighens my humor with his merry jests. Shak.

Lighter

Light"er (?), n. One who, or that which, lights; as, a lighter of lamps.

Lighter

Light"er, n. [D. ligter, fr. ligt light. See Light not heavy.] (Naut.) A large boat or barge, mainly, used in unloading or loading vessels which can not reach the wharves at the place of shipment or delivery. Lighter screw (Mach.), a screw for adjusting the distance between the stones in a grinding mill by raising or lowering the bridgetree.

Lighter

Light"er, v. t. To convey by a lighter, as to or from the shore; as, to lighter the cargo of a ship.

Lighterage

Light"er*age (?), n.

1. The price paid for conveyance of goods on a lighter.

2. The act of unloading into a lighter, or of conveying by a lighter.

Lighterman

Light"er*man (?), n.; pl. Lightermen (. A person employed on, or who manages, a lighter.

Light-fingered

Light"-fin`gered (?), a. Dexterous in taking and conveying away; thievish; pilfering; addicted to petty thefts. Fuller.

Light-foot, Light-footed

Light"-foot` (?), Light"-foot`ed, a. Having a light, springy step; nimble in running or dancing; active; as, light-foot Iris. Tennyson.

Lightful

Light"ful (?), a. Full of light; bright. [R.] "Lightful presence." Marston.

Light-handed

Light"-hand`ed (?), a. (Naut.) Not having a full complement of men; as, a vessel light-handed.

Light-headed

Light"-head`ed (?), a.

1. Disordered in the head; dilirious. Walpole.

2. Thoughtless; heedless; volatile; unsteady; fickle; loose. "Light-headed, weak men." Clarendon. -- Light"-head`ed*ness, n.

Light-hearted

Light"-heart"ed (?), a. Free from grief or anxiety; gay; cheerful; merry. -- Light"-heart`ed*ly, adv. -- Light"-heart"ed*ness, n.

Light-heeled

Light"-heeled` (?), a. Lively in walking or running; brisk; light-footed.

Light-horseman

Light"-horse`man (?), n.; pl. -men (.

1. A soldier who serves in the light horse. See under 5th Light.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A West Indian fish of the genus Ephippus, remarkable for its high dorsal fin and brilliant colors.

Lighthouse

Light"house` (?) n.; pl.Lighthouses (. A tower or other building with a powerful light at top, erected at the entrance of a port, or at some important point on a coast, to serve as a guide to mariners at night; a pharos.

Lighting

Light"ing, n. (Metal.) A name sometimes applied to the process of annealing metals.

Light-legged

Light"-legged` (?), a. Nimble; swift of foot. Sir P. Sidney.

Lightless

Light"less, a.Destitute of light; dark. Shak.

Lightly

Light"ly, adv.

1. With little weight; with little force; as, to tread lightly; to press lightly.

Yet shall thy grave with rising flowers be drest, And the green turf lie lightly on thy breast. Pope.
Him thus intent Ithuriel with his spear Touched lightly. Milton.

2. Swiftly; nimbly; with agility.

So mikle was that barge, it might not lightly sail. R. of Brunne.
Watch what thou seest and lightly bring me word. Tennyson.

3. Without deep impression.

The soft ideas of the cheerful note, Lightly received, were easily forgot. Prior.

4. In a small degree; slightly; not severely.

At the first he lightly afflicted the land of Zebulun . . . and afterward did more grievously afflict her. Is. ix. 1.

5. With little effort or difficulty; easily; readily.

That lightly come, shall lightly go. Old Proverb.
They come lightly by the malt, and need not spare it. Sir W. Scott.

6. Without reason, or for reasons of little weight.

Flatter not the rich, neither do thou willingly or lightly appear before great personages. Jer. Taylor.

7. Commonly; usually. [Obs.] Bp. Fisher.

The great thieves of a state are lightly the officers of the crown. B. Jonson.

8. Without dejection; cheerfully. "Seeming to bear it lightly." Shak.

9. Without heed or care; with levity; gayly; airily.

Matrimony . . . is not by any to be enterprised, nor taken in hand, unadvisedly, lightly, or wantonly. Book of Common Prayer [Eng. Ed.].

10. Not chastely; wantonly. Swift.

Lightman

Light"man (?), n. ; pl. -men ( A man who carries or takes care of a light. T. Brown.

Light-minded

Light"-mind`ed (?), a. Unsettled; unsteady; volatile; not considerate. -- Light"-mind`ed*ness, n.

Lightness

Light"ness, n. [From Light not heavy.] The state, condition, or quality, of being light or not heavy; buoyancy; levity; fickleness; delicacy; grace. Syn. -- Levity; volatility; instability; inconstancy; unsteadiness; giddiness; flightiness; airiness; gayety; liveliness; agility; nimbleness; sprightliness; briskness; swiftness; ease; facility.

Lightness

Light"ness, n. [From Light bright.]

1. Illumination, or degree of illumination; as, the lightness of a room. Chaucer.

2. Absence of depth or of duskiness in color; as, the lightness of a tint; lightness of complexion.

Lightning

Light"ning (?), n. [For lightening, fr. lighten to flash.]

1. A discharge of atmospheric electricity, accompanied by a vivid flash of light, commonly from one cloud to another, sometimes from a cloud to the earth. The sound produced by the electricity in passing rapidly through the atmosphere constitutes thunder.

2. The act of making bright, or the state of being made bright; enlightenment; brightening, as of the mental powers. [R.] Ball lightning, a rare form of lightning sometimes seen as a globe of fire moving from the clouds to the earth. -- Chain lightning, lightning in angular, zigzag, or forked flashes. -- Heat lightning, more or less vivid and extensive flashes of electric light, without thunder, seen near the horizon, esp. at the close of a hot day. -- Lightning arrester (Telegraphy), a device, at the place where a wire enters a building, for preventing injury by lightning to an operator or instrument. It consists of a short circuit to the ground interrupted by a thin nonconductor over which lightning jumps. Called also lightning discharger. -- Lightning bug (Zo\'94l.), a luminous beetle. See Firefly. -- Lightning conductor, a lightning rod. -- Lightning glance, a quick, penetrating glance of a brilliant eye. -- Lightning rod, a metallic rod set up on a building, or on the mast of a vessel, and connected with the earth or water below, for the purpose of protecting the building or vessel from lightning. -- Sheet lightning, a diffused glow of electric light flashing out from the clouds, and illumining their outlines. The appearance is sometimes due to the reflection of light from distant flashes of lightning by the nearer clouds.

Lightning

Light"ning (?), vb. n. Lightening. [R.]

Light-o'-love

Light"-o'-love` (?), n.

1. An old tune of a dance, the name of which made it a proverbial expression of levity, especially in love matters. Nares. "Best sing it to the tune of light-o'-love." Shak.

2. Hence: A light or wanton woman. Beau. & Fl.

Lightroom

Light"room` (?), n. A small room from which the magazine of a naval vessel is lighted, being separated from the magazine by heavy glass windows.

lights

lights (?), n. pl. [So called from their lightness.] The lungs of an animal or bird; -- sometimes coarsely applied to the lungs of a human being.

Light-ship

Light"-ship` (?), n. (Naut.) A vessel carrying at the masthead a brilliant light, and moored off a shoal or place of dangerous navigation as a guide for mariners.

Lightsome

Light"some (?), a.

1. Having light; lighted; not dark or gloomy; bright.

White walls make rooms more lightsome than black. Bacon.

2. Gay; airy; cheering; exhilarating.

That lightsome affection of joy. Hooker.
-- Light"some*ly, adv. -- Light"some*ness, n.
Happiness may walk soberly in dark attire, as well as dance lightsomely in a gala dress. Hawthorne.

Light-winged

Light"-winged` (?), a. Having light and active wings; volatile; fleeting. Shak.

Lightwood

Light"wood` (?), n. Pine wood abounding in pitch, used for torches in the Southern United States; pine knots, dry sticks, and the like, for kindling a fire quickly or making a blaze.

Lighty

Light"y (?), a. Illuminated. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Lign-aloes

Lign`-al"oes (?), n. [OE. ligne aloes, fr. L. lignum wood + aloe aloe.]

1. Aloes wood, or agallochum. See Agallochum.

2. A fragrant tree mentioned in the Bible. Num. xxiv. 6.

Ligneous

Lig"ne*ous (?), a. [L. ligneus, fr. lignum wood. Cf. Lignous.] Made of wood; consisting of wood; of the nature of, or resembling, wood; woody.
It should be tried with shoots of vines and roots of red roses; for it may be they, being of a moreligneous nature, will incorporate with the tree itself. Bacon.
Ligneous marble, wood coated or prepared so as to resemble marble.

Ligniferous

Lig*nif`er*ous (?), a. [L. lignifer; lignum wood + ferre to bear: cf. F. lignif\'8are.] Yielding or producing wood.

Lignification

Lig`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. lignification. See Lignify.] (Bot.) A change in the character of a cell wall, by which it becomes harder. It is supposed to be due to an incrustation of lignin.

Ligniform

Lig"ni*form (?), a. [L. lignum wood + -form: cf. F. ligniforme.] Like wood.

Lignify

Lig"ni*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lignified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lignifying (?).] [L. lignum wood + -fy: cf. F. lignifier.] (Bot.) To convert into wood or into a ligneous substance.

Lignify

Lig"ni*fy, v. i. (Bot.) To become wood.

Lignin

Lig"nin (?), n. [L. lignum wood: cf. F. lignine.] (Bot.) A substance characterizing wood cells and differing from cellulose in its conduct with certain chemical reagents. &hand; Recent authors have distinguished four forms of this substance, naming them lignose, lignin, lignone, and lignireose.

Ligniperdous

Lig`ni*per"dous (?), a. [L. lignum wood + perdere to destroy: cf. F. ligniperde.] (Zo\'94l.) Wood-destroying; -- said of certain insects.

Lignireose

Lig*nir"e*ose` (?), n. (Bot.) See Lignin.

Lignite

Lig"nite (?), n. [L. lignum wood: cf. F. lignite.] (Min.) Mineral coal retaining the texture of the wood from which it was formed, and burning with an empyreumatic odor. It is of more recent origin than the anthracite and bituminous coal of the proper coal series. Called also brown coal, wood coal.

Lignitic

Lig*nit"ic (?), a. Containing lignite; resembling, or of the nature of, lignite; as, lignitic clay. Lignitic group. See Laramie group.

Lignitiferous

Lig`ni*tif"er*ous (?), a. [Lignite + -ferous.] Producing or containing lignite; lignitic.

Lignoceric

Lig`no*cer"ic (?), a. [L. lignum wood + cera wax.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the formic acid series, found in the tar, wax, or paraffine obtained by distilling certain kinds of wood, as the beech.

Lignone

Lig"none` (?), n. (Bot.) See Lignin.

Lignose, Lignous

Lig*nose` (?), Lig"nous (?), a. [L. lignosus, fr. lignum wood: cf. F. ligneux. Cf. Ligneous.] Ligneous. [R.] Evelyn.

Lignose

Lig"nose` (?), n.

1. (Bot.) See Lignin.

2. (Chem.) An explosive compound of wood fiber and nitroglycerin. See Nitroglycerin.

Lignum rhodium

Lig"num rho"di*um (?). [NL., fr. L. lignum wood + Gr. (Bot.) The fragrant wood of several shrubs and trees, especially of species of Rhodorhiza from the Canary Islands, and of the West Indian Amyris balsamifera.

Lignum-vitae

Lig"num-vi"tae (?), n. [L., wood of life; lignum wood + vita, genitive vit\'91, life.] (Bot.) A tree (Guaiacum officinale) found in the warm latitudes of America, from which the guaiacum of medicine is procured. Its wood is very hard and heavy, and is used for various mechanical purposes, as for the wheels of ships' blocks, cogs, bearings, and the like. See Guaiacum. &hand; In New Zealand the Metrosideros buxifolia is called lignum-vit\'91, and in Australia a species of Acacia. The bastard lignum-vit\'91 is a West Indian tree (Sarcomphalus laurinus).

Ligroin

Lig"ro*in (?), n. A trade name applied somewhat indefinitely to some of the volatile products obtained in refining crude petroleum. It is a complex and variable mixture of several hydrocarbons, generally boils below 170° Fahr., and is more inflammable than safe kerosene. It is used as a solvent, as a carburetant for air gas, and for illumination in special lamps.
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Ligsam

Lig"sam (?), n. [Cf. D. liggen to lie, E. lie to be prostrate, and E. flotsam, jetsam, or ligan.] Same as Ligan. Brande & C.

Ligula

Lig"u*la (?), n.; pl. L. Ligul\'91 (#), E. Ligulas (#). [L., a little tongue. See Ligule.]

1. (Bot.) See Ligule.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The central process, or front edge, of the labium of insects. It sometimes serves as a tongue or proboscis, as in bees. [See Illust. under Labium, and Hymenoptera.] (b) A tongue-shaped lobe of the parapodia of annelids. See Parapodium.

Ligulate, Ligulated

Lig"u*late (?), Lig"u*la`ted (?), a. [Cf. F. ligul\'82. See Ligule, and cf. Lingulate.]

1. (Bot.) Like a bandage, or strap; strap-shaped.

2. Composed of ligules. Ligulate flower, a species of compound flower, the florets of which have their corollets flat, spreading out toward the end, with the base only tubular.

Ligule

Lig"ule (?), n. [L.ligula, little tongue, dim of lingua tongue : cf. F. ligule.]

1. (Bot.) (a) The thin and scarious projection from the upper end of the sheath of leaf of grass. (b) A strap-shaped corolla of flowers of Composit\'91.

2. (Anat.) A band of white matter in the wall of fourth ventricle of the brain.

Liguliflorous

Lig`u*li*flo"rous (?), a. [Ligule + L. flos, floris, a flower.] (Bot.) Bearing only ligulate flowers; -- said of a large suborder of composite plants, such as the dandelion, hawkweed, etc.

Ligure

Lig"ure (?), n. [L. ligurius, Gr. leshem.] A kind of precious stone.
The third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. Ex. xxviii. 19.

Ligustrin

Li*gus"trin (?), n. (Chem.) A bitter principle found in the bark of the privet (Ligustrum vulgare), and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a warm, bitter taste; -- called also ligustron.

Likable

Lik"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be liked; such as to attract liking; as, a likable person. Thackeray.

Like

Like (?), a. [Compar. Liker (?); superl. Likest.] [OE. lik, ilik, gelic, AS. gel\'c6c, fr. pref. ge- + l\'c6c body, and orig. meaning, having the same body, shape, or appearance, and hence, like; akin to OS. gil\'c6k, D. gelijk, G. gleich, OHG. gil\'c6h, Icel. l\'c6kr, gl\'c6kr, Dan. lig, Sw. lik, Goth. galeiks, OS. lik body, D. lijk, G. leiche, Icel. l\'c6k, Sw. lik, Goth. leik. The English adverbial ending-ly is from the same adjective. Cf. Each, Such, Which.]

1. Having the same, or nearly the same, appearance, qualities, or characteristics; resembling; similar to; similar; alike; -- often with in and the particulars of the resemblance; as, they are like each other in features, complexion, and many traits of character.

'The as like you As cherry is to cherry. Shak.
Like master, like man. Old Prov.
He giveth snow like wool; he scattereth the hoar-frost like ashes. Ps. cxlvii. 16.
&hand; To, which formerly often followed like, is now usually omitted.

2. Equal, or nearly equal; as, fields of like extent.

More clergymen were impoverished by the late war than ever in the like space before. Sprat.

3. Having probability; affording probability; probable; likely. [Likely is more used now.] Shak.

But it is like the jolly world about us will scoff at the paradox of these practices. South.
Many were not easy to be governed, nor like to conform themselves to strict rules. Clarendon.

4. Inclined toward; disposed to; as, to feel like taking a walk. Had like (followed by the infinitive), had nearly; came little short of.

Had like to have been my utter overthrow. Sir W. Raleigh
Ramona had like to have said the literal truth, . . . but recollected herself in time. Mrs. H. H. Jackson.
Like figures (Geom.), similar figures. &hand; Like is used as a suffix, converting nouns into adjectives expressing resemblance to the noun; as, manlike, like a man; childlike, like a child; godlike, like a god, etc. Such compounds are readily formed whenever convenient, and several, as crescentlike, serpentlike, hairlike, etc., are used in this book, although, in some cases, not entered in the vocabulary. Such combinations as bell-like, ball-like, etc., are hyphened.

Like

Like, n.

1. That which is equal or similar to another; the counterpart; an exact resemblance; a copy.

He was a man, take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again. Shak.

2. A liking; a preference; inclination; -- usually in pl.; as, we all have likes and dislikes.

Like

Like, adv. [AS. gel\'c6ce. See Like, a.]

1. In a manner like that of; in a manner similar to; as, do not act like him.

He maketh them to stagger like a drunken man. Job xii. 25.
&hand; Like, as here used, is regarded by some grammarians as a preposition.

2. In a like or similar manner. Shak.

Like as a father pitieth his children, so the Lord pitieth them that fear him. Ps. ciii. 13.

3. Likely; probably. "Like enough it will." Shak.

Like

Like, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Liking.] [OE. liken to please, AS. l\'c6cian, gel\'c6cian, fr.gel\'c6c. See Like, a.]

1. To suit; to please; to be agreeable to. [Obs.]

Cornwall him liked best, therefore he chose there. R. of Gloucester.
I willingly confess that it likes me much better when I find virtue in a fair lodging than when I am bound to seek it in an ill-favored creature. Sir P. Sidney.

2. To be pleased with in a moderate degree; to approve; to take satisfaction in; to enjoy.

He proceeded from looking to liking, and from liking to loving. Sir P. Sidney.

3. To liken; to compare.[Obs.]

Like me to the peasant boys of France. Shak.

Like

Like (?), v. i.

1. To be pleased; to choose.

He may either go or stay, as he best likes. Locke.

2. To have an appearance or expression; to look; to seem to be (in a specified condition). [Obs.]

You like well, and bear your years very well. Shak.

3. To come near; to avoid with difficulty; to escape narrowly; as, he liked to have been too late. Cf. Had like, under Like, a. [Colloq.]

He probably got his death, as he liked to have done two years ago, by viewing the troops for the expedition from the wall of Kensington Garden. Walpole.
To like of, to be pleased with. [Obs.] Massinger.

Likehood

Like"hood (?), n. Likelihood. [Obs.] South.

Likelihood

Like"li*hood (?), n. [Likely + -hood.]

1. Appearance; show; sign; expression. [Obs.]

What of his heart perceive you in his face By any likelihood he showed to-day ? Shak.

2. Likeness; resemblance. [Obs.]

There is no likelihood between pure light and black darkness, or between righteousness and reprobation. Sir W. Raleigh.

3. Appearance of truth or reality; probability; verisimilitude. Tennyson.

Likeliness

Like"li*ness, n.

1. Likelihood; probability.

2. Suitableness; agreeableness. [Obs.]

Likely

Like"ly, a. [Compar. Likelier (?); superl. Likeliest.] [That is, like-like. See Like, a.]

1. Worthy of belief; probable; credible; as, a likely story.

It seems likely that he was in hope of being busy and conspicuous. Johnson.

2. Having probability; having or giving reason to expect; -- followed by the infinitive; as, it is likely to rain.

3. Similar; like; alike. [Obs.] Spenser.

4. Such as suits; good-looking; pleasing; agreeable; handsome. Shak. Milton.

5. Having such qualities as make success probable; well adapted to the place; promising; as, a likely young man; a likely servant.

Likely

Like"ly, adv. In all probability; probably.
While man was innocent he was likely ignorant of nothing that imported him to know. Glanvill.

Like-minded

Like"-mind`ed (?), a. Having a like disposition or purpose; of the same mind. Tillotson.

Liken

Lik"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Likened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Likening.] [OE. liknen. See Like, a.]

1. To allege, or think, to be like; to represent as like; to compare; as, to liken life to a pilgrimage.

Whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise man which built his house upon a rock. Matt. vii. 24.

2. To make or cause to be like. [R.] Brougham.

Likeness

Like"ness, n. [AS. gel\'c6cnes.]

1. The state or quality of being like; similitude; resemblance; similarity; as, the likeness of the one to the other is remarkable.

2. Appearance or form; guise.

An enemy in the likeness of a friend. L'Estrange.

3. That which closely resembles; a portrait.

[How he looked] the likenesses of him which still remain enable us to imagine. Macaulay.

4. A comparison; parable; proverb. [Obs.]

He said to them, Soothly ye shall say to me this likeness, Leech, heal thyself. Wyclif (Luke iv. 23).
Syn. -- Similarity; parallel; similitude; representation; portrait; effigy.

Likerous, a., Likerousness

Lik"er*ous (?), a., Lik"er*ous*ness, n. [Obs.] See Lickerish, Lickerishness. Chaucer.

Likewise

Like"wise` (?), adv. & conj. [See Wise, n.] In like manner; also; moreover; too. See Also.
Go, and do thou likewise. Luke x. 37.
For he seeth that wise men die; likewise the fool and the brutish person perish. Ps. xlix. 10.

Liking

Lik"ing (?), p. a. Looking; appearing; as, better or worse liking. See Like, to look. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Why should he see your faces worse liking than the children which are of your sort ? Dan. i. 10.

Liking

Lik"ing, n.

1. The state of being pleasing; a suiting. See On liking, below. [Obs. or Prov. End.]

2. The state of being pleased with, or attracted toward, some thing or person; hence, inclination; desire; pleasure; preference; -- often with for, formerly with to; as, it is an amusement I have no liking for.

If the human intellect hath once taken a liking to any doctrine, . . . it draws everything else into harmony with that doctrine, and to its support. Bacon.

3. Appearance; look; figure; state of body as to health or condition. [Archaic]

I shall think the worse of fat men, as long as I have an eye to make difference of men's liking. Shak.
Their young ones are in good liking. Job. xxxix. 4.
On liking, on condition of being pleasing to or suiting; also, on condition of being pleased with; as, to hold a place of service on liking; to engage a servant on liking. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Would he be the degenerate scion of that royal line . . . to be a king on liking and on sufferance ? Hazlitt.

Lilac

Li"lac (?), n. [Also lilach.] [Sp. lilac, lila, Ar.l\'c6lak, fr. Per. l\'c6laj, l\'c6lanj, l\'c6lang, n\'c6laj, n\'c6l, the indigo plant, or from the kindred l\'c6lak bluish, the flowers being named from the color. Cf. Anil.]

1. (Bot.) A shrub of the genus Syringa. There are six species, natives of Europe and Asia. Syringa vulgaris, the common lilac, and S. Persica, the Persian lilac, are frequently cultivated for the fragrance and beauty of their purplish or white flowers. In the British colonies various other shrubs have this name.

2. A light purplish color like that of the flower of the purplish lilac. California lilac (Bot.), a low shrub with dense clusters of purplish flowers (Ceanothus thyrsiflorus).

Lilacin

Lil"a*cin (?), n. (Chem.) See Syringin.

Liliaceous

Lil`i*a"ceous (?), a. [L. liliaceus, fr. lilium lily. See Lily.] (Bot.) (a) Of or pertaining to a natural order of which the lily, tulip, and hyacinth are well-known examples. (b) Like the blossom of a lily in general form.

Lilial

Lil"i*al (?), a. (Bot.) Having a general resemblance to lilies or to liliaceous plants.

Lilied

Lil"ied (?), a. Covered with, or having many, lilies.
By sandy Ladon's lilied banks. Milton.

Lill

Lill (?), v. i. To loll. [Obs. or Prov.] Spenser.

Lilliputian

Lil`li*pu"tian (?), n.

1. One belonging to a very diminutive race described in Swift's "Voyage to Lilliput."

2. Hence: A person or thing of very small size.

Lilliputian

Lil`li*pu"tian, a.

1. Of or having to the imaginary island of Lilliput described by Swift, or to its inhabitants.

2. Hence: Of very small size; diminutive; dwarfed.

Lilly-pilly

Lil"ly-pil`ly (?), n. (Bot.) An Australian myrtaceous tree (Eugenia Smithii), having smooth ovate leaves, and panicles of small white flowers. The wood is hard and fine-grained.

Lilt

Lilt (?), v. i. [Cf. Norw. lilla, lirla, to sing in a high tone.]

1. To do anything with animation and quickness, as to skip, fly, or hop. [Prov. Eng.] Wordsworth.

2. To sing cheerfully. [Scot.]

Lilt

Lilt, v. t. To utter with spirit, animation, or gayety; to sing with spirit and liveliness.
A classic lecture, rich in sentiment, With scraps of thundrous epic lilted out By violet-hooded doctors. Tennyson.

Lilt

Lilt, n.

1. Animated, brisk motion; spirited rhythm; sprightliness.

The movement, the lilt, and the subtle charm of the verse. F. Harrison.

2. A lively song or dance; a cheerful tune.

The housewife went about her work, or spun at her wheel, with a lilt upon her lips. J. C. Shairp.

Lily

Lil"y (?), n.; pl. Lilies (#). [AS. lilie, L. lilium, Gr. Flower-de-luce.]

1. (Bot.) A plant and flower of the genus Lilium, endogenous bulbous plants, having a regular perianth of six colored pieces, six stamens, and a superior three-celled ovary. &hand; There are nearly fifty species, all found in the North Temperate zone. Lilium candidum and L. longiflorum are the common white lilies of gardens; L. Philadelphicum is the wild red lily of the Atlantic States. L. Chalcedonicum is supposed to be the "lily of the field" in our Lord's parable; L. auratum is the great gold-banded lily of Japan.

2. (Bot.) A name given to handsome flowering plants of several genera, having some resemblance in color or form to a true lily, as Pancratium, Crinum, Amaryllis, Nerine, etc.

3. That end of a compass needle which should point to the north; -- so called as often ornamented with the figure of a lily or fleur-de-lis.

But sailing further, it veers its lily to the west. Sir T. Browne.
African lily (Bot.), the blue-flowered Agapanthus umbellatus. -- Atamasco lily (Bot.), a plant of the genus Zephyranthes (Z. Atamasco), having a white and pink funnelform perianth, with six petal-like divisions resembling those of a lily. Gray. -- Blackberry lily (Bot.), the Pardanthus Chinensis, the black seeds of which form a dense like a blackberry. -- Bourbon lily (Bot.), Lilium candidum. See Illust. -- Butterfly lily. (Bot.) Same as Mariposa lily, in the Vocabulary. -- Lily daffodil (Bot.), a plant of the genus Narcissus, and its flower. -- Lily encrinite (Paleon.), a fossil encrinite, esp. Encrinus liliiformis. See Encrinite. -- Lily hyacinth (Bot.), a plant of the genus Hyacinthus. -- Lily iron, a kind of harpoon with a detachable head of peculiar shape, used in capturing swordfish. <-- illustration: Lily Iron --> -- Lily of the valley (Bot.), a low perennial herb (Convallaria majalis), having a raceme of nodding, fragrant, white flowers. <-- illustration: Lily of the valley --> -- Lily pad, the large floating leaf of the water lily. [U. S.] Lowell. -- Tiger lily (Bot.), Lilium tigrinum, the sepals of which are blotched with black. -- Turk's-cap lily (Bot.) Lilium Martagon, a red lily with recurved sepals; also, the similar American lily, L. superbum. -- Water lily (Bot.), the Nymph\'91a, a plant with floating roundish leaves, and large flowers having many petals, usually white, but sometimes pink, red, blue, or yellow. [See Illust. of Nymph\'91a.]

Lily-handed

Lil"y-hand`ed (?), a. Having white, delicate hands.

Lily-livered

Lil"y-liv`ered (?), a. White-livered; cowardly.

Lilywort

Lil"y*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the Lily family or order. Lindley.

Lim

Lim (?), n. [See Limb.] A limb. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lima

Li"ma (?), n. The capital city of Peru, in South America. Lima bean. (Bot.) (a) A variety of climbing or pole bean (Phaseolus lunatus), which has very large flattish seeds. (b) The seed of this plant, much used for food. -- Lima wood (Bot.), the beautiful dark wood of the South American tree C\'91salpinia echinata.
Page 854

Limaceous

Li*ma"ceous (?), a. [L. limax, limacis, slug, snail: cf. F. limac\'82.] (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or like, Limax, or the slugs.

Limacina

Lim`a*ci"na (?), n. [NL., From L. limax, limacis, a slug.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small spiral pteropods, common in the Arctic and Antarctic seas. It contributes to the food of the right whales.

Lima Li`ma` (?), n. [F. lima, lit., a snail.] (Geom.) A curve of the fourth degree, invented by Pascal. Its polar equation is r = a cos + b.

Limaille

Li"maille (?), n. [F., fr. limer to file. See Limation.] Filings of metal. [Obs.] "An ounce . . . of silver lymaille." Chaucer.

Liman

Li"man (?), n. [F. limon, fr. L. limus slime.] The deposit of slime at the mouth of a river; slime.

Limation

Li*ma"tion (?), n. [L. limatus, p. p. of limare to file, fr. lima file : cf. F. limation.] The act of filing or polishing.

Limature

Li"ma*ture (?), n. [L. limatura. See Limation.]

1. The act of filing.

2. That which is filed off; filings. Johnson.

Limax

Li"max (?), n. [L.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of airbreathing mollusks, including the common garden slugs. They have a small rudimentary shell. The breathing pore is on the right side of the neck. Several species are troublesome in gardens. See Slug.

Limb

Limb (?), n. [OE. lim, AS. lim; akin to Icel. limr limb, lim branch of a tree, Sw. & Dan. lem limb; cf. also AS. li, OHG. lid, gilid, G. glied, Goth. lipus. Cf. Lith, Limber.]

1. A part of a tree which extends from the trunk and separates into branches and twigs; a large branch.

2. An arm or a leg of a human being; a leg, arm, or wing of an animal.

A second Hector for his grim aspect, And large proportion of his strong-knit limbs. Shak.

3. A thing or person regarded as a part or member of, or attachment to, something else. Shak.

That little limb of the devil has cheated the gallows. Sir W. Scott.

4. An elementary piece of the mechanism of a lock. Limb of the law, a lawyer or an officer of the law. [Colloq.] Landor.

Limb

Limb, v. t.

1. To supply with limbs. [R.] Milton.

2. To dismember; to tear off the limbs of.

Limb

Limb, n. [L. limbus border. Cf. Limbo, Limbus.] A border or edge, in certain special uses. (a) (Bot.) The border or upper spreading part of a monopetalous corolla, or of a petal, or sepal; blade. (b) (Astron.) The border or edge of the disk of a heavenly body, especially of the sun and moon. (c) The graduated margin of an arc or circle, in an instrument for measuring angles.

Limbat

Lim"bat (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A cooling periodical wind in the Isle of Cyprus, blowing from the northwest from eight o'clock, A. M., to the middle of the day or later.

Limbate

Lim"bate (?), a. [L. limbatus, fr. limbus border, edge. See Limbus.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Bordered, as when one color is surrounded by an edging of another.

Limbec

Lim"bec (?), n. [Abbrev. of alembic.] An alembic; a still. [Obs.] Spenser. Shak.

Limbec

Lim"bec, v. t. To distill. [Obs.] Dryden.

Limbed

Limbed (?), a. Having limbs; -- much used in composition; as, large-limbed; short-limbed.
Innumerous living creatures, perfect forms, Limbed and full grown. Milton.

Limber

Lim"ber (?), n. [For limmer, Icel. limar branches, boughs, pl. of lim; akin to E. limb. See Limb a branch.]

1. pl. The shafts or thills of a wagon or carriage. [Prov. Eng.]

2. (Mil.) The detachable fore part of a gun carriage, consisting of two wheels, an axle, and a shaft to which the horses are attached. On top is an ammunition box upon which the cannoneers sit.

3. pl. (Naut.) Gutters or conduits on each side of the keelson to afford a passage for water to the pump well. Limber boards (Naut.), short pieces of plank forming part of the lining of a ship's floor immediately above the timbers, so as to prevent the limbers from becoming clogged. -- Limber box ∨ chest (Mil.), a box on the limber for carrying ammunition. -- Limber rope, Limber chain ∨ Limber clearer (Naut.), a rope or chain passing through the limbers of a ship, by which they may be cleared of dirt that chokes them. Totten. -- Limber strake (Shipbuilding), the first course of inside planking next the keelson.

Limber

Lim"ber v. t. [imp. & p. p. Limbered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Limbering.] (Mil.) To attach to the limber; as, to limber a gun. To limber up, to change a gun carriage into a four-wheeled vehicle by attaching the limber. <-- (b) to render limber, esp. to perform light exercises so as to stretch the muscles and tendons gently in preparation for vigorous activity (and thus to avoid straining the muscles by too sudden exertion after prolonged inactivity) -->

Limber

Lim"ber, a. [Akin to lim, a. Limp, a.] Easily bent; flexible; pliant; yielding. Milton.
The bargeman that doth row with long and limber oar. Turbervile.

Limber

Lim"ber, v. t. To cause to become limber; to make flexible or pliant. Richardson.

Limberness

Lim"ber*ness, n. The quality or state of being limber; flexibleness. Boyle.

Limbless

Limb"less (?), a. Destitute of limbs.

Limbmeal

Limb"meal` (?), adv. [See Limb, and Piecemeal.] Piecemeal. [Obs.] "To tear her limbmeal." Shak.

Limbo, Limbus

Lim"bo (?), Lim"bus (?), n. [L. limbus border, edge in limbo on the border. Cf. Limb border.]

1. (Scholastic Theol.) An extramundane region where certain classes of souls were supposed to await the judgment.

As far from help as Limbo is from bliss. Shak.
A Limbo large and broad, since called The Paradise of fools. Milton.
&hand; The limbus patrum was considered as a place for the souls of good men who lived before the coming of our Savior. The limbus infantium was said to be a similar place for the souls of unbaptized infants. To these was added, in the popular belief, the limbus fatuorum, or fool's paradise, regarded as a receptacle of all vanity and nonsense.

2. Hence: Any real or imaginary place of restraint or confinement; a prison; as, to put a man in limbo. <-- hence: a state of waiting, or uncertainty, in which final judgment concerning the outcome of a decision is postponed, perhaps indefinitely; neglect for an indefinite time -->

3. (Anat.) A border or margin; as, the limbus of the cornea. <-- 4. A West Indian dance contest, in which participants must dance under a pole which is lowered successively until only one participant can successfully pass under, without falling. [MW10 Jamaican E limba to bend, fr. E. limber (1950)]. Often performed at celebrations, such as weddings. (1950-1996) -->

Limbous

Lim"bous (?), a. [See Limbus.] (Anat.) With slightly overlapping borders; -- said of a suture.

Lime

Lime (?), n. [See Leam a string.] A thong by which a dog is led; a leash. Halliwell.

Lime

Lime, n. [Formerly line, for earlier lind. See Linden.] (Bot.) The linden tree. See Linden.

Lime

Lime, n. [F. lime; of Persian origin. See Lemon.] (Bot.) A fruit allied to the lemon, but much smaller; also, the tree which bears it. There are two kinds; Citrus Medica, var. acida which is intensely sour, and the sweet lime (C. Medica, var. Limetta) which is only slightly sour.

Lime

Lime, n. [AS. l\'c6m; akin to D. lijm, G. leim, OHG. l\'c6m, L. limus mud, linere to smear, and E. loam. . Cf. Loam, Liniment.]

1. Birdlime.

Like the lime That foolish birds are caught with. Wordsworth.

2. (Chem.) Oxide of calcium; the white or gray, caustic substance, usually called quicklime, obtained by calcining limestone or shells, the heat driving off carbon dioxide and leaving lime. It develops great heat when treated with water, forming slacked lime, <-- ##sic, and thus intended (see slack, v.t.), but now it should be "slaked lime" -->and is an essential ingredient of cement, plastering, mortar, etc.<-- CaO --> &hand; Lime is the principal constituent of limestone, marble, chalk, bones, shells, etc. Caustic lime, calcium hydrate or slacked lime; also, in a less technical sense, calcium oxide or quicklime.<-- Calcium hydroxide = slaked lime --> -- Lime burner, one who burns limestone, shells, etc., to make lime. -- Lime light. See Calcium light under Calcium.<-- as one word, limelight means the center of public attention, esp. in the phrase "in the limelight" --> -- Lime pit, a limestone quarry. -- Lime rod, Lime twig, a twig smeared with birdlime; hence, that which catches; a snare. Chaucer.

Lime

Lime, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Limed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Liming.] [Cf. AS. gel\'c6man to glue or join together. See Lime a viscous substance.]

1. To smear with a viscous substance, as birdlime.

These twigs, in time, will come to be limed. L'Estrange.

2. To entangle; to insnare.

We had limed ourselves With open eyes, and we must take the chance. Tennyson.

3. To treat with lime, or oxide or hydrate of calcium; to manure with lime; as, to lime hides for removing the hair; to lime sails in order to whiten them.

Land may be improved by draining, marling, and liming. Sir J. Child.

4. To cement. "Who gave his blood to lime the stones together." Shak. <-- Lime, lime-colored. adj. having a yellowish-green color like that of the lime. -- n. the lime color. -->

Limehound

Lime"hound` (?), n. [Lime a leash + hound.] A dog used in hunting the wild boar; a leamer. Spenser.

Limekiln

Lime"kiln` (?), n. A kiln or furnace in which limestone or shells are burned and reduced to lime.

Limenean

Li*men"e*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Lima, or to the inhabitants of Lima, in Peru. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Lima.

Limer

Lim"er (?), n. A limehound; a limmer. Chaucer.

Limestone

Lime"stone` (?), n. A rock consisting chiefly of calcium carbonate or carbonate of lime. It sometimes contains also magnesium carbonate, and is then called magnesian or dolomitic limestone. Crystalline limestone is called marble.

Lime twig

Lime twig. See under 4th Lime.

Lime-twigged

Lime"-twigged` (?), a. Beset with snares; insnared, as with birdlime. L. Addison.

Limewater

Lime"wa`ter (?), n. Water impregnated with lime; esp., an artificial solution of lime for medicinal purposes.

Limicol\'91

Li*mic"o*l\'91 (?), n. pl. [L. limicola a dweller in the mud; limus mud + colere to dwell.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of shore birds, embracing the plovers, sandpipers, snipe, curlew, etc. ; the Grall\'91.

Limicoline

Li*mic"o*line (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Shore-inhabiting; of or pertaining to the Limicol\'91.

Liminess

Lim"i*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being limy.

Limit

Lim"it (?), n. [From L. limes, limitis: cf. F.limite; -or from E. limit, v. See Limit, v. t.]

1. That which terminates, circumscribes, restrains, or confines; the bound, border, or edge; the utmost extent; as, the limit of a walk, of a town, of a country; the limits of human knowledge or endeavor.

As eager of the chase, the maid Beyond the forest's verdant limits strayed. Pope.

2. The space or thing defined by limits.

The archdeacon hath divided it Into three limits very equally. Shak.

3. That which terminates a period of time; hence, the period itself; the full time or extent.

The dateless limit of thy dear exile. Shak.
The limit of your lives is out. Shak.

4. A restriction; a check; a curb; a hindrance.

I prithee, give no limits to my tongue. Shak.

5. (Logic & Metaph.) A determining feature; a distinguishing characteristic a differentia.

6. (Math.) A determinate quantity, to which a variable one continually approaches, and may differ from it by less than any given difference, but to which, under the law of variation, the variable can never become exactly equivalent. Elastic limit. See under Elastic. -- Prison limits, a definite, extent of space in or around a prison, within which a prisoner has liberty to go and come. Syn. -- Boundary; border; edge; termination; restriction; bound; confine.

Limit

Lim"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Limited; p. pr. & vb. n. Limiting.] [F. limiter, L. limitare, fr. limes, limitis, limit; prob. akin to limen threshold, E. eliminate; cf. L. limus sidelong.] To apply a limit to, or set a limit for; to terminate, circumscribe, or restrict, by a limit or limits; as, to limit the acreage of a crop; to limit the issue of paper money; to limit one's ambitions or aspirations; to limit the meaning of a word. Limiting parallels (Astron.), those parallels of latitude between which only an occultation of a star or planet by the moon, in a given case, can occur.

Limit

Lim"it, v. i. To beg, or to exercise functions, within a certain limited region; as, a limiting friar. [Obs.]

Limitable

Lim"it*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being limited.

Limitaneous

Lim`i*ta"ne*ous (?), a. [L. limitancus. See Limit, v. t.] Of or pertaining to a limit. [Obs.]

Limitarian

Lim`i*ta"ri*an (?), a. Tending to limit.

Limitary

Lim"i*ta*ry (?), a. [L.limitaris. See Limit , v. t.]

1. Placed at the limit, as a guard. "Proud limitary cherub." Milton.

2. Confined within limits; limited in extent, authority, power, etc. "The limitary ocean." Trench.

The poor, limitary creature calling himself a man of the world. De Quincey.

3. Limiting, or tending to limit; restrictive.

Doctrines limitary, if not subversive of the papal power. Milman.

Limitary

Lim"i*ta*ry, n.; pl. -ries (.

1. That which serves to limit; a boundary; border land. [Obs.] Fuller.

2. A limiter. See Limiter, 2.

Limitate

Lim"i*tate (?), a. [L. limitatus, p. p. of limitare to limit. See Limit, v. t. ] Bounded by a distinct line.

Limitation

Lim`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. limitatio: cf. F. Limitation. See Limit, v. t.]

1. The act of limiting; the state or condition of being limited; as, the limitation of his authority was approved by the council.

They had no right to mistake the limitation . . . of their own faculties, for an inherent limitation of the possible modes of existence in the universe. J. S. Mill.

2. That which limits; a restriction; a qualification; a restraining condition, defining circumstance, or qualifying conception; as, limitations of thought.

The cause of error is ignorance what restraints and limitations all principles have in regard of the matter whereunto they are applicable. Hooker.

3. A certain precinct within which friars were allowed to beg, or exercise their functions; also, the time during which they were permitted to exercise their functions in such a district. Chaucer. Latimer.

4. A limited time within or during which something is to be done.

You have stood your limitation, and the tribunes Endue you with the people's voice. Shak.

5. (Law) (a) A certain period limited by statute after which the claimant shall not enforce his claims by suit. (b) A settling of an estate or property by specific rules. (c) A restriction of power; as, a constitutional limitation. Wharton. Bouvier. To know one's own limitations, to know the reach and limits of one's abilities. A. R. Wallace.

Limited

Lim"it*ed (?), a. Confined within limits; narrow; circumscribed; restricted; as, our views of nature are very limited. Limited company, a company in which the liability of each shareholder is limited by the number of shares he has taken, so that he can not be called on to contribute beyond the amount of his shares. [Eng.] Mozley & W.

Limitedly

Lim"it*ed*ly, adv. With limitation.

limitedness

lim"it*ed*ness, n. The quality of being limited.

Limiter

Lim"it*er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, limits.

2. A friar licensed to beg within certain bounds, or whose duty was limited to a certain district. [Formerly written also limitour.] Chaucer.

A limitour of the Gray Friars, in the time of his limitation, preached many times, and had one sermon at all times. Latimer.

Limitive

Lim"it*ive (?), a. Involving a limit; as, a limitive law, one designed to limit existing powers. [R.]

Limitless

Lim"it*less, a. Having no limits; unbounded; boundless. Davies (Wit's Pilgr.).

Limitour

Lim"it*our (?), n. See Limiter, 2.

Limmer

Lim"mer (?), a. Limber. [Obs.] Holland.

Limmer

Lim"mer, n. [F. limier. See Leamer.]

1. A limehound; a leamer.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A mongrel, as a cross between the mastiff and hound.

3. A low, base fellow; also, a prostitute. [Scot.]

Thieves, limmers, and broken men of the Highlands. Sir W. Scott.

4. (Naut.) A man rope at the side of a ladder.

Limn

Limn (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Limned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Limning (?).] [OE. limnen, fr. luminen, for enluminen, F. enluminer to illuminate, to limn, LL. illuminare to paint. Illuminate, Luminous.]

1. To draw or paint; especially, to represent in an artistic way with pencil or brush.

Let a painter carelessly limn out a million of faces, and you shall find them all different. Sir T. Browne.

2. To illumine, as books or parchments, with ornamental figures, letters, or borders.


Page 855

Lim n\'91a

Lim *n\'91"a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fresh-water air-breathing mollusks, abundant in ponds and streams; -- called also pond snail. [Written also Lymn\'91a.]

Limner

Lim"ner (?), n. [F. enlumineur, LL. illuminator. See Limn, and cf. Alluminor.] A painter; an artist; esp.: (a) One who paints portraits. (b) One who illuminates books. [Archaic]

Limniad

Lim"ni*ad (?), n. [Gr. (Myth.) See Limoniad.

Limning

Lim"ning (?), n. The act, process, or art of one who limns; the picture or decoration so produced.
Adorned with illumination which we now call limning. Wood.

Limoges

Li*moges" (?), n. A city of Southern France. Limoges enamel, a kind of enamel ware in which the enamel is applied to the whole surface of a metal plaque, vase, or the like, and painted in enamel colors. The art was brought to a high degree of perfection in Limoges in the 16th century. -- Limoges ware. (a) Articles decorated with Limoges enamel. (b) Articles of porcelain, etc., manufactured at Limoges.

Limoniad

Li*mo"ni*ad (?), n. [L. limoniades, pl., Gr. (Class. Myth.) A nymph of the meadows; -- called also Limniad.

Limonin

Li*mo"nin (?), n. [From NL. Citrus Medica, var. Limonum, the scientific name of the lemon.] (Chem.) A bitter, white, crystalline substance found in orange and lemon seeds.

Limonite

Li"mon*ite (?), n. [Gr. limonite, G. limonit.] (Min.) Hydrous sesquixoide of iron, an important ore of iron, occurring in stalactitic, mammillary, or earthy forms, of a dark brown color, yellowish brown powder. It includes bog iron. Also called brown hematite.

Limosis

Li*mo"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A ravenous appetite caused by disease; excessive and morbid hunger.

Limous

Li"mous (?), a. [L. limosus, fr. limus slime, mud.] Muddy; slimy; thick. Sir T. Browne.

Limp

Limp (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Limped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Limping.] [Cf. AS. lemphealt lame, OHG. limphen to limp, be weak; perh. akin to E. lame, or to limp, a To halt; to walk lamely. Also used figuratively. Shak.

Limp

Limp, n. A halt; the act of limping.

Limp

Limp, n. (Ore Washing) A scraper for removing poor ore or refuse from the sieve.

Limp

Limp, a. [Cf. Icel. limpa limpness, weakness, and E.lap, n., lop, v. t. Cf. Limber, a.]

1. Flaccid; flabby, as flesh. Walton.

2. Lacking stiffness; flimsy; as, a limp cravat.

Limper

Limp"er (?), n. One who limps.

Limpet

Lim"pet (?), n. [Prob. through French fr. L. lepas, -adis, Gr. (Zo\'94l.)

1. In a general sense, any hatshaped, or conical, gastropod shell.

2. Any one of many species of marine shellfish of the order Docoglossa, mostly found adhering to rocks, between tides. &hand; The common European limpets of the genus Patella (esp. P. vulgata) are extensively used as food. The common New England species is Acm\'91a testudinalis. Numerous species of limpets occur on the Pacific coast of America, some of them of large size.

3. Any species of Siphonaria, a genus of limpet-shaped Pulmonifera, living between tides, on rocks.

4. A keyhole limpet. See Fissurella.

Limpid

Lim"pid (?), a. [L.limpidus; akin to Gr. limpide. Cf. Lamp.] Characterized by clearness or transparency; clear; as, a limpid stream.
Springs which were clear, fresh, and limpid. Woodward.
Syn. -- Clear; transparent; pellucid; lucid; pure; crystal; translucent; bright.

Limpidity

Lim*pid"i*ty (?), n. [L. limpiditas: cf. F. limpidit\'82.] The quality or state of being limpid.

Limpidness

Lim"pid*ness (?), n. Quality of being limpid; limpidity.

Limpin

Lim"pin (?), n. A limpet. [Obs.] Holland.

Limpingly

Limp"ing*ly (?), adv. In a limping manner.

Limpitude

Limp"i*tude (?), n. Limpidity. [Obs.]

Limpkin

Limp"kin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Either one of two species of wading birds of the genus Aramus, intermediate between the cranes and rails. The limpkins are remarkable for the great length of the toes. One species (A. giganteus) inhabits Florida and the West Indies; the other (A. scolopaceus) is found in South America. Called also courlan, and crying bird.

Limpness

Limp"ness, n. The quality or state of being limp.

Limpsy, Limsy

Limp"sy (?), Lim"sy (?), a. [See Limp, a., and cf. W. llymsi having a fickle motion, weak. Cf. Flimsy.] Limp; flexible; flimsy. [Local, U. S.]

Limu

Li"mu (?), n. (Bot.) The Hawaiian name for seaweeds. Over sixty kinds are used as food, and have species names, as Limu Lipoa, Limu palawai, etc.

Limule

Lim"ule (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) A limulus.

Limuloidea

Lim`u*loi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Limulus, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Merostomata, including among living animals the genus Limulus, with various allied fossil genera, mostly of the Carboniferous period. Called also Xiphosura. &hand; There are six pairs of leglike organs, surrounding the mouth, most of which terminate in claws; those of the first pair (probably mandibles) are the smallest; the others have the basal joints thickened and spinose, to serve as jaws, while the terminal joints serve as legs. This group is intermediate, in some characteristics, between crustaceans and certain arachnids (scorpions), but the respiration is by means of lamellate gills borne upon the five posterior abdominal appendages, which are flat and united in pairs by their inner edges, and are protected by the lidlike anterior pair, which also bear the genital orifices.

Limulus

Lim"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Limuli (-l&imac;). [L., dim. of limus sidelong, askance.] (Zo\'94l.) The only existing genus of Merostomata. It includes only a few species from the East Indies, and one (Limulus polyphemus) from the Atlantic coast of North America. Called also Molucca crab, king crab, horseshoe crab, and horsefoot.

Limy

Lim"y (?), a. [See 4th Lime.]

1. Smeared with, or consisting of, lime; viscous. "Limy snares.' Spenser.

2. Containing lime; as, a limy soil.

3. Resembling lime; having the qualities of lime.

Lin

Lin (?), v. i. [AS. linnan. See Lithe.] To yield; to stop; to cease. [Obs. or Scot.] Marsion.

Lin

Lin, n. [Ir. linn, or Gael. linne; akin to W. llyn a pool, pond, lake, but in senses 2 and 3 prob. from AS.hlynn torrent. Cf. Dunlin.]

1. A pool or collection of water, particularly one above or below a fall of water.

2. A waterfall, or cataract; as, a roaring lin.

3. A steep ravine. &hand; Written also linn and lyn.

Linage

Lin"age (?), n. See Lineage. [Obs.] Holland.

Linament

Lin"a*ment (?), n. [L. linamentum, fr. linum flax.] (Surg.) Lint; esp., lint made into a tent for insertion into wounds or ulcers.

Linarite

Li*nar`ite (?), n. [So called because formerly supposed to occur at Linares, in Spain.] (Min.) A hydrous sulphate of lead and copper occurring in bright blue monoclinic crystals.

Linch

Linch (?), n. [AS. hlinc a hill.] A ledge; a right-angled projection.

Linchi

Lin"chi (?), n. [Native Chinese name.] (Zo\'94l.) An esculent swallow.

Linchpin

Linch"pin` (?), n. [AS. lynis the axletree; akin to D. luns linchpin, OS. lunisa, LG. lunse, G. l\'81nse, OHG. lun peg, bolt.] A pin used to prevent the wheel of a vehicle from sliding off the axletree.

Lincoln green

Lin"coln green" (?). A color of cloth formerly made in Lincoln, England; the cloth itself.

Lincture, Linctus

Linc"ture (?), Linc"tus (?), n. [L. lingere, linctum, to lick.] Medicine taken by licking with the tongue.

Lind

Lind (?), n. The linden. See Linden. Chaucer.

Linden

Lin"den (?), n. [Orig. an adj. from lind linden tree, AS. lind; akin to D. & G. linde, OHG. linta, Icel., Sw., & Dan. lind. Cf. Lime linden.] (Bot.) (a) A handsome tree (Tilia Europ\'91a), having cymes of light yellow flowers, and large cordate leaves. The tree is common in Europe. (b) In America, the basswood, or Tilia Americana.

Lindia

Lin"di*a (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar genus of rotifers, remarkable for the absence of ciliated disks. By some zo\'94logists it is thought to be like the ancestral form of the Arthropoda.

Lindiform

Lin"di*form (?), a. [Lindia + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling the genus Lindia; -- said of certain apodous insect larv\'91. [See Illust. under Larva.]

Line

Line (?), n. [OE. lin. See Linen.]

1. Flax; linen. [Obs.] "Garments made of line." Spenser.

2. The longer and fiber of flax.

Line

Line, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lining.]

1. To cover the inner surface of; as, to line a cloak with silk or fur; to line a box with paper or tin.

The inside lined with rich carnation silk. W. Browne.

2. To put something in the inside of; to fill; to supply, as a purse with money.

The charge amounteth very high for any one man's purse, except lined beyond ordinary, to reach unto. Carew.
Till coffee has her stomach lined. Swift.

3. To place persons or things along the side of for security or defense; to strengthen by adding; to fortify; as, to line works with soldiers.

Line and new repair our towns of war With men of courage and with means defendant. Shak.

4. To impregnate; -- applied to brute animals. Creech. Lined gold, gold foil having a lining of another metal.

Line

Line, n. [OE. line, AS. l\'c6ne cable, hawser, prob. from L. linea a linen thread, string, line, fr. linum flax, thread, linen, cable; but the English word was influenced by F. ligne line, from the same L. word linea. See Linen.]

1. linen thread or string; a slender, strong cord; also, a cord of any thickness; a rope; a hawser; as, a fishing line; a line for snaring birds; a clothesline; a towline.

Who so layeth lines for to latch fowls. Piers Plowman.

2. A more or less threadlike mark of pen, pencil, or graver; any long mark; as, a chalk line.

3. The course followed by anything in motion; hence, a road or route; as, the arrow descended in a curved line; the place is remote from lines of travel.

4. Direction; as, the line sight or vision.

5. A row of letters, words, etc., written or printed; esp., a row of words extending across a page or column.

6. A short letter; a note; as, a line from a friend.

7. (Poet.) A verse, or the words which form a certain number of feet, according to the measure.

In the preceding line Ulysses speaks of Nausicaa. Broome.

8. Course of conduct, thought, occupation, or policy; method of argument; department of industry, trade, or intellectual activity.

He is uncommonly powerful in his own line, but it is not the line of a first-rate man. Coleridge.

9. (Math.) That which has length, but not breadth or thickness.

10. The exterior limit of a figure, plat, or territory; boundary; contour; outline.

Eden stretched her line From Auran eastward to the royal towers Of great Seleucia. Milton.

11. A threadlike crease marking the face or the hand; hence, characteristic mark.

Though on his brow were graven lines austere. Byron.
He tipples palmistry, and dines On all her fortune-telling lines. Cleveland.

12. Lineament; feature; figure. "The lines of my boy's face." Shak.

13. A straight row; a continued series or rank; as, a line of houses, or of soldiers; a line of barriers.

Unite thy forces and attack their lines. Dryden.

14. A series or succession of ancestors or descand ants of a given person; a family or race; as, the ascending or descending line; the line of descent; the male line; a line of kings.

Of his lineage am I, and his offspring By very line, as of the stock real. Chaucer.

15. A connected series of public conveyances, and hence, an established arrangement for forwarding merchandise, etc. ; as, a line of stages; an express line.

16. (Geog.) (a) A circle of latitude or of longitude, as represented on a map. (b) The equator; -- usually called the line, or equinoctial line; as, to cross the line.

17. A long tape, or a narrow ribbon of steel, etc., marked with subdivisions, as feet and inches, for measuring; a tapeline.

18. (Script.) (a) A measuring line or cord.

He marketh it out with a line. Is. xliv. 13.
(b) That which was measured by a line, as a field or any piece of land set apart; hence, allotted place of abode.
The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places; yes. I have a goodly heritage. Ps. xvi. 6.
(c) Instruction; doctrine.
Their line is gone out through all the earth. Ps. xix. 4.

19. (Mach.) The proper relative position or adjustment of parts, not as to design or proportion, but with reference to smooth working; as, the engine is in line or out of line or out of line.

20. The track and roadbed of a railway; railroad.

21. (Mil.) (a) A row of men who are abreast of one another, whether side by side or some distance apart; -- opposed to column. (b) The regular infantry of an army, as distinguished from militia, guards, volunteer corps, cavalry, artillery, etc.

22. (Fort.) (a) A trench or rampart. (b) pl. Dispositions made to cover extended positions, and presenting a front in but one direction to an enemy.

23. pl. (Shipbuilding) form of a vessel as shown by the outlines of vertical, horizontal, and obique sections.

24. (Mus.) One of the straight horizontal and parallel prolonged strokes on and between which the notes are placed.

25. (Stock Exchange) A number of shares taken by a jobber.

26. (Trade) A series of various qualities and values of the same general class of articles; as, a full line of hosiery; a line of merinos, etc. McElrath.

27. The wire connecting one telegraphic station with another, or the whole of a system of telegraph wires under one management and name.

28. pl. The reins with which a horse is guided by his driver. [U. S.]

29. A measure of length; one twelfth of an inch. Hard lines, hard lot. C. Kingsley. [See Def. 18.] -- Line breeding (Stockbreeding), breeding by a certain family line of descent, especially in the selection of the dam or mother. -- Line conch (Zo\'94l.), a spiral marine shell (Fasciolaria distans), of Florida and the West Indies. It is marked by narrow, dark, revolving lines. -- Line engraving. (a) Engraving in which the effects are produced by lines of different width and closeness, cut with the burin upon copper or similar material; also, a plate so engraved. (b) A picture produced by printing from such an engraving. -- Line of battle. (a) (Mil Tactics) The position of troops drawn up in their usual order without any determined maneuver. (b) (Naval) The line or arrangement formed by vessels of war in an engagement. -- Line of battle ship. See Ship of the line, below. -- Line of beauty (Fine Arts),an abstract line supposed to be beautiful in itself and absolutely; -- differently represented by different authors, often as a kind of elongated S (like the one drawn by Hogarth). -- Line of centers. (Mach.) (a) A line joining two centers, or fulcra, as of wheels or levers. (b) A line which determines a dead center. See Dead center, under Dead. -- Line of dip (Geol.), a line in the plane of a stratum, or part of a stratum, perpendicular to its intersection with a horizontal plane; the line of greatest inclination of a stratum to the horizon. -- Line of fire (Mil.), the direction of fire. -- Line of force (Physics), any line in a space in which forces are acting, so drawn that at every point of the line its tangent is the direction of the resultant of all the forces. It cuts at right angles every equipotential surface which it meets. Specifically (Magnetism), a line in proximity to a magnet so drawn that any point in it is tangential with the direction of a short compass needle held at that point. Faraday. -- Line of life (Palmistry), a line on the inside of the hand, curving about the base of the thumb, supposed to indicate, by its form or position, the length of a person's life. -- Line of lines. See Gunter's line. -- Line of march. (Mil.) (a) Arrangement of troops for marching. (b) Course or direction taken by an army or body of troops in marching. -- Line of operations, that portion of a theater of war which an army passes over in attaining its object. H. W. Halleck. -- Line of sight (Firearms), the line which passes through the front and rear sight, at any elevation, when they are sighted at an object. -- Line tub (Naut.), a tub in which the line carried by a whaleboat is coiled. -- Mason and Dixon's line<-- also, the Mason-Dixon Line -->, the boundary line between Pennsylvania and Maryland, as run before the Revolution (1764-1767) by two English astronomers named Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon. In an extended sense, the line between the free and the slave States. -- On the line, on a level with the eye of the spectator; -- said of a picture, as hung in an exhibition of pictures.<-- also, at risk (dependent upon success) in a contest or enterprise, as the survival of the company is on the line in this project --> -- Right line a picture, as hung in an exhibition of pictures. -- Right line, a straight line; the shortest line that can be drawn between two points. -- Ship of the line, formerly, a ship of war large enough to have a place in the line of battle; a vessel superior to a frigate; usually, a seventy-four, or three-decker; -- called also line of battle ship.<-- eventually abbreviated to "battleship" --> Totten. -- To cross the line, to cross the equator, as a vessel at sea. -- To give a person line, to allow him more or less liberty until it is convenient to stop or check him, like a hooked fish that swims away with the line. -- Water line (Shipbuilding), the outline of a horizontal section of a vessel, as when floating in the water.


Page 856

Line

Line (?), v. t.

1. To mark with a line or lines; to cover with lines; as, to line a copy book.

He had a healthy color in his cheeks, and his face, though lined, bore few traces of anxiety. Dickens.

2. To represent by lines; to delineate; to portray. [R.] "Pictures fairest lined." Shak.

3. To read or repeat line by line; as, to line out a hymn.

This custom of reading or lining, or, as it was frequently called "deaconing' the hymn or psalm in the churches, was brought about partly from necessity. N. D. Gould.

4. To form into a line; to align; as, to line troops. To line bees, to track wild bees to their nest by following their line of flight. -- To line up (Mach.), to put in alignment; to put in correct adjustment for smooth running. See 3d Line, 19.

Lineage

Lin"e*age (?), n. [OE. linage, F. lignage, fr. L. linea line. See 3d Line.] Descent in a line from a common progenitor; progeny; race; descending line of offspring or ascending line of parentage.
Both the lineage and the certain sire From which I sprung, from me are hidden yet. Spenser.

Lineal

Lin"e*al (?), a. [L. linealis belonging to a line, fr. linea line: cf. F. lin\'82al. See 3d Line.]

1. Descending in a direct line from an ancestor; hereditary; derived from ancestors; -- opposed to collateral; as, a lineal descent or a lineal descendant.

The prime and ancient right of lineal succession. Locke.

2. Inheriting by direct descent; having the right by direct descent to succeed (to).

For only you are lineal to the throne. Dryden.

3. Composed of lines; delineated; as, lineal designs.

4. In the direction of a line; of a line; of or pertaining to a line; measured on, or ascertained by, a line; linear; as, lineal magnitude. Lineal measure, the measure of length; -- usually written linear measure.

Lineality

Lin`e*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being linea

Lineally

Lin"e*al*ly (?), adv. In a lineal manner; as, the prince is lineally descended from the Conqueror.

Lineament

Lin"e*a*ment (?), n. [L. lineamentum, fr. linea line: cf. F. lin\'82ament. See 3d Line.] One of the outlines, exterior features, or distinctive marks, of a body or figure, particularly of the face; feature; form; mark; -- usually in the plural. "The lineaments of the body." Locke. "Lineaments in the character." Swift.
Man he seems In all his lineaments. Milton.

Linear

Lin"e*ar (?), a. [L. linearis, linearius , fr. linea line: cf. F. lin\'82aire. See 3d Line.]

1. Of or pertaining to a line; consisting of lines; in a straight direction; lineal.

2. (Bot.) Like a line; narrow; of the same breadth throughout, except at the extremities; as, a linear leaf. Linear differential (Math.), an equation which is of the first degree, when the expression which is equated to zero is regarded as a function of the dependent variable and its differential coefficients. -- Linear equation (Math.), an equation of the first degree between two variables; -- so called because every such equation may be considered as representing a right line.<-- = stright line! --> -- Linear measure, the measurement of length. -- Linear numbers (Math.), such numbers as have relation to length only: such is a number which represents one side of a plane figure. If the plane figure is square, the linear figure is called a root. -- Linear problem (Geom.), a problem which may be solved geometrically by the use of right lines alone. -- Linear transformation (Alg.), a change of variables where each variable is replaced by a function of the first degree in the new variable.

Linearensate

Lin`e*ar*en"sate (?), a. (Bot.) Having the form of a sword, but very long and narrow.

Linearly

Lin"e*ar*ly, adv. In a linear manner; with lines.

Linear-shaped

Lin"e*ar-shaped` (?), a. Of a linear shape.

Lineary

Lin"e*a*ry (?), a. Linear. Holland.

Lineate, Lineated

Lin"e*ate (?), Lin"e*a`ted (?), a. [L. lineatus, p. p. of lineare to reduce to a straight line, fr. linea line.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Marked with lines.

2. (Bot.) Marked longitudinally with depressed parallel lines; as, a lineate leaf.

Lineation

Lin`e*a"tion (?), n. [L. lineatio the drawing of a line, fr. lineare.] Delineation; a line or lines.

Lineature

Lin"e*a*ture (?), n. Anything having outline. [R.]<-- sic --> Holland.

Lineman

Line"man (?), n.; pl. Linemen (.

1. One who carried the line in surveying, etc.

2. A man employed to examine the rails of a railroad to see if they are in good condition; also, a man employed to repair telegraph lines.<-- or telephone, or power lines. also, linesman --> <-- 3. (Football) A player whose position is in the first (forward) line, as opposed to a "back". spec: center, guard, tackle. 4. A (Colloq.) A ladies' man who is especially adept at inventing effective introductory phrases (pick-up lines) to gain a woman's attention -->

Linen

Lin"en (?), a. [OE., fr. lin linen. See Linen, n.

1.] Made of linen; as, linen cloth; a linen stocking.

2. Resembling linen cloth; white; pale.

Linen

Lin"en, n. [Prop. an adj. from OE. lin. flax, AS. l\'c6n flax, whence l\'c6nen made of flax; akin to OS., Icel., & MHG. l\'c6n flax and linen, G. lein, leinen, linen, Sw. lin flax, Goth. lein linen, L. linum flax, linen, Gr. Line, Linseed.]

1. Thread or cloth made of flax or (rarely) of hemp; -- used in a general sense to include cambric, shirting, sheeting, towels, tablecloths, etc. "In linen white as milk." Robert of Brunne.

2. Underclothing, esp. the shirt, as being, in former times, chiefly made of linen. <-- 3. pl. bed linens --> Linen draper, a dealer in linen. -- Linen prover, a small microscope for counting the threads in a given space in linen fabrics. -- Linen scroll, Linen pattern (Arch.), an ornament for filling panels, copied from the folds of a piece of stuff symmetrically disposed. <-- bed linens, sheets and pillowcases for a bed. -->

Linener

Lin"en*er, n. A dealer in linen; a linen draper. [Obs.]

Lineolate

Lin"e*o*late (?), a. [L. lineola, dim. of linea line.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Marked with little lines.

2. (Bot.) Marked longitudinally with fine lines. Gray.

Liner

Lin"er (?), n.

1. One who lines, as, a liner of shoes.

2. A vessel belonging to a regular line of packets; also, a line-of-battle ship; a ship of the line.

3. (Mach.) A thin piece placed between two parts to hold or adjust them, fill a space, etc., ; a shim.

4. (Steam Engine) A lining within the cylinder, in which the piston works and between which and the outer shell of the cylinder a space is left to form a steam jacket.

5. A slab on which small pieces of marble, tile, etc., are fastened for grinding.

6. (Baseball) A ball which, when struck, flies through the air in a nearly straight line not far from the ground.<-- = line drive, also (Coloq.) clothesliner -->

-ling

-ling (?). [AS. -ling.] A noun suffix, commonly having a diminutive or a depreciatory force; as in duck-ling, dosling, hireling, fosterling, firstling, underling.

-ling

-ling. An adverbial suffix; as, darkling, flatling.

Ling

Ling (?), n. [OE. lenge; akin to D. leng, G. l\'84nge, Dan. lange, Sw. l, Icel. langa. So named from its being long. See Long, a.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large, marine, gadoid fish (Molva vulgaris) of Northern Europe and Greenland. It is valued as a food fish and is largely salted and dried. Called also drizzle. (b) The burbot of Lake Ontario. (c) An American hake of the genus Phycis. [Canada] (d) A New Zealand food fish of the genus Genypterus. The name is also locally applied to other fishes, as the cultus cod, the mutton fish, and the cobia.

Ling

Ling, n. [Icel. lyng; akin to Dan. lyng, Sw. ljung.] (Bot.) Heather (Calluna vulgaris). Ling honey, a sort of wild honey, made from the flowers of the heather. Holland.

Linga, Lingam

Lin"ga (?), Lin"gam (?), n. [Skr. linga.] The phallic symbol under which Siva is principally worshiped in his character of the creative and reproductive power. Whitworth. E. Arnold.

Ling-bird

Ling"-bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European meadow pipit; -- called also titling.

Lingel

Lin"gel (?), n. [F. ligneul, dim. of L. linea a linen thread.]

1. A shoemaker's thread. [Obs.]

2. A little tongue or thong of leather; a lacing for belts. Crabb.

Lingence

Lin"gence (?), n. [L. lingere to lick.] A linctus. [Obs.] Fuller.

Linger

Lin"ger (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lingered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lingering.] [OE. lengen to tarry, AS. lengan to prolong, put off, fr. lang long. Long, a.] To delay; to loiter; to remain or wait long; to be slow or reluctant in parting or moving; to be slow in deciding; to be in suspense; to hesitate.
Nor cast one longing, lingering look behind. Gray.
Perhaps thou linger'st, in deep thoughts detained. Milton.
Syn. -- To loiter; lag; saunter; delay; tarry; stop; hesitate.

Linger

Lin"ger, v. t.

1. To protract; to draw out. [Obs.]

She lingers my desires. Shak.

2. To spend or pass in lingering manner; -- with out; as, to linger out one's days on a sick bed. Dryden.

Lingerer

Lin"ger*er (?), n. One who lingers. Guardian.

Lingering

Lin"ger*ing, a.

1. Delaying.

2. Drawn out in time; remaining long; protracted; as, a lingering disease.

To die is the fate of man; but to die with lingering anguish is generally his folly. Rambler.

Lingeringly

Lin"ger*ing*ly, adv. With delay; slowly; tediously.

Linget

Lin"get (?), n. [F. lingot, perh. fr. L. lingua tongue (see Tongue). Cf. Ingot.] An ingot. [Written also lingot.]

Lingism

Ling"ism (?), n. A mode of treating certain diseases, as obesity, by gymnastics; -- proposed by Pehr Henrik Ling, a Swede. See Kinesiatrics.

Lingle

Lin"gle (?), n. See Lingel.

Lingo

Lin"go (?), n. [L. lingua tongue, language. See Lingual.] Language; speech; dialect. [Slang]

Lingoa wood

Lin*go"a wood` (?). Amboyna wood.

Lingot

Lin"got (?), n. A linget or ingot; also, a mold for casting metals. See Linget.

Lingua

Lin"gua (?), n.; pl. Lingu\'91 (#). [L., the tongue.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A tongue. (b) A median process of the labium, at the under side of the mouth in insects, and serving as a tongue.

Linguacious

Lin*gua"cious (?), a. [L. linguax, -acis, loquacious, fr. lingua tongue.] Given to the use of the tongue; loquacious. [Obs.]

Linguadental

Lin`gua*den"tal (?), a. [L. lingua tongue + E. dental.] (Phonetics) Formed or uttered by the joint use of the tongue and teeth, or rather that part of the gum just above the front teeth; dentolingual, as the letters d and t.

Linguadental

Lin`gua*den"tal, n. (Phonetics) An articulation pronounced by the aid or use of the tongue and teeth.

Lingua Franca

Lin"gua Fran"ca (?). [It., prop., language of the Franks.] The commercial language of the Levant, -- a mixture of the language of the people of the region and foreign traders.

Lingual

Lin"gual (?), a. [L. lingua tongue: cf. F. lingual. See Tongue, and cf. Language.] Of or pertaining to the tongue; uttered by the aid of the tongue; glossal; as, the lingual nerves; a lingual letter. Lingual ribbon. (Zo\'94l.) See Odontophore.

Lingual

Lin"gual, n. A consonant sound formed by the aid of the tongue; -- a term especially applied to certain articulations (as those of t, d, th, and n) and to the letters denoting them. &hand; In Sanskrit grammar certain letters, as t, th, d, dh, n, are called linguals, cerebrals, or cacuminals. They are uttered with the tip of the tongue turned up and drawn back into the dome of the palate.

Linguality

Lin*gual"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being lingual.

Linguatulida

Lin`gua*tu"li*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. lingua tongue.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Linguatulina.

Linguatulina

Lin*guat`*u*li"na (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. lingua tongue.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of wormlike, degraded, parasitic arachnids. They have two pairs of retractile hooks, near the mouth. Called also Pentastomida. &hand; The adults of some species inhabit the nostrils and nasal sinuses of dogs and other carnivores. The young, after being swallowed by sheep, rabbits, etc., find their way to the lungs and liver and become encysted. These, when eaten by carnivores, develop into the adult forms.

Linguidental

Lin`gui*den"tal (?), a. & n. Linguadental.

Linguiform

Lin"gui*form (?), a. [L. lingua tongue + -form: cf. F. linguiforme.] Having the form of the tongue; tongue-shaped.

Linguist

Lin"guist (?), n. [L. lingua tongue, speech, language: cf. F. linguiste.]

1. A master of the use of language; a talker. [Obs.]

I'll dispute with him; He's a rare linguist. J. Webster.

2. A person skilled in languages.

There too were Gibbon, the greatest historian, and Jones, the greatest linguist, of the age. Macaulay.

Linguistic, Linguistical

Lin*guis"tic (?), Lin*guis"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. linguistique.] Of or pertaining to language; relating to linguistics, or to the affinities of languages.

Linguistically

Lin*guis"tic*al*ly, adv. In a linguistic manner; from the point of view of a linguist. Tylor.

Linguistics

Lin*guis"tics (?), n. [Cf. F. linguistique.] The science of languages, or of the origin, signification, and application of words; glossology.

Lingula

Lin"gu*la (?), n.; pl. -l\'91 (#). [L., a little tongue.]

1. (Anat.) A tonguelike process or part.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of brachiopod shells belonging to the genus Lingula, and related genera. See Brachiopoda, and Illustration in Appendix. Lingula flags (Geol.), a group of strata in the lower Silurian or Cambrian system of Wales, in which some of the layers contain vast numbers of a species of Lingula.

Lingulate

Lin"gu*late (?), a. [L. lingulatus, fr. lingula a little tongue. Cf. Ligulate.] Shaped like the tongue or a strap; ligulate.

Linigerous

Li*nig"er*ous (?), a. [L. linum flax + -gerous.] Bearing flax; producing linen.

Liniment

Lin"i*ment (?), n. [L. linimentum, fr. linire, linere, to besmear, anoint : cf. F. liniment. Cf. Letter, Lime a viscous substance.] A liquid or semiliquid preparation of a consistence thinner than an ointment, applied to the skin by friction, esp. one used as a sedative or a stimulant.

Lining

Lin"ing (?), n. [See Line to cover the in side.]

1. The act of one who lines; the act or process of making lines, or of inserting a lining.

2. That which covers the inner surface of anything, as of a garment or a box; also, the contents of anything.

The lining of his coffers shall make coats To deck our soldiers. Shak.

Link

Link (?), n. [Prob. corrupted from lint and this for lunt a torch, match, D. lont match; akin to G. lunte, cf. MHG. l\'81nden to burn. Cf. Lunt, Linstock.] A torch made of tow and pitch, or the like. Shak.

Link

Link, n. [OE. linke, AS. hlence; akin to Sw. l\'84nk ring of a chain, Dan. l\'91nke chain, Icel. hlekkr; cf. G. gelenk joint, link, ring of a chain, lenken to bend.]

1. A single ring or division of a chain.

2. Hence: Anything, whether material or not, which binds together, or connects, separate things; a part of a connected series; a tie; a bond. "Links of iron." Shak.


Page 857

The link of brotherhood, by which One common Maker bound me to the kind. Cowper.
And so by double links enchained themselves in lover's life. Gascoigne.

3. Anything doubled and closed like a link; as, a link of horsehair. Mortimer.

4. (Kinematics) Any one of the several elementary pieces of a mechanism, as the fixed frame, or a rod, wheel, mass of confined liquid, etc., by which relative motion of other parts is produced and constrained.

5. (Mach.) Any intermediate rod or piece for transmitting force or motion, especially a short connecting rod with a bearing at each end; specifically (Steam Engine), the slotted bar, or connecting piece, to the opposite ends of which the eccentric rods are jointed, and by means of which the movement of the valve is varied, in a link motion.

6. (Surveying) The length of one joint of Gunter's chain, being the hundredth part of it, or 7.92 inches, the chain being 66 feet in length. Cf. Chain, n., 4.

7. (Chem.) A bond of affinity, or a unit of valence between atoms; -- applied to a unit of chemical force or attraction.

8. pl. Sausages; -- because linked together. [Colloq.] <-- 9. pl. A golf course. -->

Link

Link (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Linked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Linking.] To connect or unite with a link or as with a link; to join; to attach; to unite; to couple.
All the tribes and nations that composed it [the Roman Empire] were linked together, not only by the same laws and the same government, but by all the facilities of commodious intercourse, and of frequent communication. Eustace.

Link

Link, v. i. To be connected.
No one generation could link with the other. Burke.

Linkage

Link"age (?), n.

1. The act of linking; the state of being linked; also, a system of links.

2. (Chem.) Manner of linking or of being linked; -- said of the union of atoms or radicals in the molecule.

3. (Geom.) A system of straight lines or bars, fastened together by joins, and having certain of their points fixed in a plane. It is used to describe straight lines and curves in the plane.

Linkboy, Linkman

Link"boy` (?), Link"man (?), n. [See 1st Link.] A boy or man that carried a link or torch to light passengers.<-- sic -->

Link motion

Link" mo"tion (?). (Steam Engine) A valve gear, consisting of two eccentrics with their rods, giving motion to a slide valve by an adjustable connecting bar, called the link, in such a way that the motion of the engine can be reversed, or the cut-off varied, at will; -- used very generally in locomotives and marine engines. &hand; The illustration shows a link motion for a vertical engine, c representing the shaft carrying two eccentrics, a and b, for making the engine run forward and backward, respectively, their rods e and d being jointed to opposite ends of the slotted link f, in the opening of which is a pin g which is attached to the valve rod h. The valve will receive the motion of the forward eccentric when is in the position shown, and the motion of the backward eccentric when the link is shifted so far to the right as to bring e in line with h, or a compound motion derived from both eccentrics when the link is shifted to intermediate positions, the compound motion causing the valve to cut off the steam at a point determined by the position to which the link may have been shifted.

Linkwork

Link"work` (?), n.

1. A fabric consisting of links made of metal or other material fastened together; also, a chain.

And thou shalt make hooks of gold, and two chains of fine gold; linkwork and wreathed. Udall.

2. Mechanism in which links, or intermediate connecting pieces, are employed to transmit motion from one part to another.

Linn\'91a borealis

Lin*n\'91"a bo`re*a"lis (?). [NL.Linnaeus Linn\'91an + L. borealis northern.] (Bot.) The twin flower which grows in cold northern climates.

Linn\'91an, Linnean

Lin*n\'91"an, Lin*ne"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Linn\'91us, the celebrated Swedish botanist. Linnaean system (Bot.), the system in which the classes are founded mainly upon the stamens, and the orders upon the pistils; the artificial or sexual system.

Linn\'91ite

Lin*n\'91"ite (?), n. [See Linn\'91an.] (Min.) A mineral of pale steel-gray color and metallic luster, occurring in isometric crystals, and also massive. It is a sulphide of cobalt containing some nickel or copper.

Linne

Linne (?), n. Flax. See Linen. [Obs.]

Linnet

Lin"net (?), n. [F. linot, linotte, from L. linum flax; or perh. shortened from AS.l\'c6netwige, fr. AS. l\'c6n flax; -- so called because it feeds on the seeds of flax and hemp. See Linen.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of fringilline birds of the genera Linota, Acanthis, and allied genera, esp. the common European species (L. cannabina), which, in full summer plumage, is chestnut brown above, with the breast more or less crimson. The feathers of its head are grayish brown, tipped with crimson. Called also gray linnet, red linnet, rose linnet, brown linnet, lintie, lintwhite, gorse thatcher, linnet finch, and greater redpoll. The American redpoll linnet (Acanthis linaria) often has the crown and throat rosy. See Redpoll, and Twite. Green linnet (Zo\'94l.), the European green finch.

Linoleate

Li*no"le*ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of linoleic acid.

Linoleic

Li*no"le*ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or derived from, linoleum, or linseed oil; specifically (Chem.), designating an organic acid, a thin yellow oil, found combined as a salt of glycerin in oils of linseed, poppy, hemp, and certain nuts.

Linoleum

Li*no"le*um (?), n. [L. linum flax + oleum oil.]

1. Linseed oil brought to various degrees of hardness by some oxidizing process, as by exposure to heated air, or by treatment with chloride of sulphur. In this condition it is used for many of the purposes to which India rubber has been applied.

2. A kind of floor cloth made by laying hardened linseed oil mixed with ground cork on a canvas backing.

Linoxin

Li*nox"in (?), n. [Linoleic + oxygen.] (Chem.) A resinous substance obtained as an oxidation product of linoleic acid. [Written also linoxyn.]

Linsang

Lin*sang" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any viverrine mammal of the genus Prionodon, inhabiting the East Indies and Southern Asia. The common East Indian linsang (P. gracilis) is white, crossed by broad, black bands. The Guinea linsang (Porana Richardsonii) is brown with black spots.

Linseed

Lin"seed` (?), n. [OE. lin flax + seed. See Linen.] (Bot.) The seeds of flax, from which linseed oil is obtained. [Written also lintseed.] Linseed cake, the solid mass or cake which remains when oil is expressed. -- Linseed meal, linseed cake reduced to powder. -- Linseed oil, oil obtained by pressure from flaxseed.

Linsey

Lin"sey (?), n. [See Linen.] Linsey-woolsey.

Linsey-woolsey

Lin"sey-wool"sey (?), n.

1. Cloth made of linen and wool, mixed.

2. Jargon. [Obs.] Shak.

Linsey-woolsey

Lin"sey-wool"sey, a. Made of linen and wool; hence, of different and unsuitable parts; mean. Johnson.

Linstock

Lin"stock (?), n. [Corrupt. fr. luntstock, D. lonistok; lont lunt + stok stock, stick. See Link a torch, Lunt, and Stock.] A pointed forked staff, shod with iron at the foot, to hold a lighted match for firing cannon. [Written also lintstock.]

Lint

Lint (?), n. [AS. l\'c6net flax, hemp, fr. l\'c6n flax; or, perh. borrowed fr. L. linteum a linen cloth, linen, from linteus linen, a., fr. lineum flax, lint. See Linen.]

1. Flax.

2. Linen scraped or otherwise made into a soft, downy or fleecy substance for dressing wounds and sores; also, fine ravelings, down, fluff, or loose short fibers from yarn or fabrics. Lint doctor (Calico-printing Mach.), a scraper to remove lint from a printing cylinder.

Lintel

Lin"tel (?), n. [OE. lintel, F. linteau, LL. lintellus, for limitellus, a dim. fr. L. limes limit. See Limit.] (Arch.) A horizontal member spanning an opening, and carrying the superincumbent weight by means of its strength in resisting crosswise fracture.

Lintie, Lintwhite

Lin"tie (?), Lint"white` (?), n. [AS. l\'c6netwige. See Linnet.] (Zo\'94l.) See Linnet. Tennyson.

Lintseed

Lint"seed` (?), n. See Linseed.

Linum

Li"num (?), n. [L., flax.] (Bot.) A genus of herbaceous plants including the flax (Linum usitatissimum).

Lion

Li"on (?), n. [F. lion, L. leo, -onis, akin to Gr. Chameleon, Dandelion, Leopard.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A large carnivorous feline mammal (Felis leo), found in Southern Asia and in most parts of Africa, distinct varieties occurring in the different countries. The adult male, in most varieties, has a thick mane of long shaggy hair that adds to his apparent size, which is less than that of the largest tigers. The length, however, is sometimes eleven feet to the base of the tail. The color is a tawny yellow or yellowish brown; the mane is darker, and the terminal tuft of the tail is black. In one variety, called the maneless lion, the male has only a slight mane.<-- now Panthera leo -->

2. (Astron.) A sign and a constellation; Leo.

3. An object of interest and curiosity, especially a person who is so regarded; as, he was quite a lion in London at that time.

Such society was far more enjoyable than that of Edinburgh, for here he was not a lion, but a man. Prof. Wilson.
American lion (Zo\'94l.), the puma or cougar. -- Lion ant (Zo\'94l.), the ant-lion. -- Lion dog (Zo\'94l.), a fancy dog with a flowing mane, usually clipped to resemble a lion's mane. -- Lion lizard (Zo\'94l.), the basilisk. -- Lion's share, all, or nearly all; the best or largest part; -- from \'92sop's fable of the lion hunting in company with certain smaller beasts, and appropriating to himself all the prey.

Lionced

Li"onced (?), a. (Her.) Adorned with lions heads; having arms terminating in lions' heads; -- said of a cross. [Written also leonced.]

Lioncel

Li"on*cel (?), n. [OE., F. lionceau, dim. of lion.] (Her.) A small lion, especially one of several borne in the same coat of arms.

Lionel

Li"on*el (?), n. [OF., dim. of lion.] (Zo\'94l.) The whelp of a lioness; a young lion.

Lioness

Li"on*ess, n. [OF. lionesse.] (Zo\'94l.) A female lion.

Lionet

Li"on*et (?), n. [OF., dim. of lion.] (Zo\'94l.) A young or small lion.

Lion-heart

Li"on-heart` (?), n. A very brave person.

Lion-hearted

Li"on-heart`ed (?), a. Very brave; brave and magnanimous. Sir W. Scott.

Lionhood

Li"on*hood (?), n. State of being a lion. Carlyle.

Lionism

Li"on*ism (?), n. An attracting of attention, as a lion; also, the treating or regarding as a lion.

Lionize

Li"on*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lionized (?), p. pr. & vb. n. Lionizing (.]

1. To treat or regard as a lion or object of great interest. J. D. Forbes.

2. To show the lions or objects of interest to; to conduct about among objects of interest. Macaulay.

Lionlike

Li"on*like` (?), a. Like a lion; brave as a lion.

Lionly

Li"on*ly, a. Like a lion; fierce. [Obs.] Milton.

Lion's ear

Li"on's ear` (?). (Bot.) A name given in Western South America to certain plants with shaggy tomentose leaves, as species of Culcitium, and Espeletia.

Lion's foot

Li"on's foot` (?). (Bot.) (a) A composite plant of the genus Prenanthes, of which several species are found in the United States. (b) The edelweiss.

Lionship

Li"on*ship (?), n. The state of being a lion.

Lion's leaf

Li"on's leaf` (?). (Bot.) A South European plant of the genus Leontice (L. leontopetalum), the tuberous roots of which contain so much alkali that they are sometimes used as a substitute for soap.

Lion's tail

Li"on's tail` (?). (Bot.) A genus of labiate plants (Leonurus); -- so called from a fancied resemblance of its flower spikes to the tuft of a lion's tail. L. Cardiaca is the common motherwort.

Lion's tooth

Li"on's tooth` (?); pl. Lions' teeth (. (Bot.) See Leontodon.

Lip

Lip (?), n. [OE. lippe, AS. lippa; akin to D. lip, G. lippe, lefze, OHG. lefs, Dan. l\'91be, Sw. l\'84pp, L. labium, labrum. Cf. Labial.]

1. One of the two fleshy folds which surround the orifice of the mouth in man and many other animals. In man the lips are organs of speech essential to certain articulations. Hence, by a figure they denote the mouth, or all the organs of speech, and sometimes speech itself.

Thine own lips testify against thee. Jeb xv. 6.

2. An edge of an opening; a thin projecting part of anything; a kind of short open spout; as, the lip of a vessel.

3. The sharp cutting edge on the end of an auger.

4. (Bot.) (a) One of the two opposite divisions of a labiate corolla. (b) The odd and peculiar petal in the Orchis family. See Orchidaceous.

5. (Zo\'94l.) One of the edges of the aperture of a univalve shell. Lip bit, a pod auger. See Auger. -- Lip comfort, comfort that is given with words only. -- Lip comforter, one who comforts with words only. -- Lip labor, unfelt or insincere speech; hypocrisy. Bale. -- Lip reading, the catching of the words or meaning of one speaking by watching the motion of his lips without hearing his voice. Carpenter. -- Lip salve, a salve for sore lips. -- Lip service, expression by the lips of obedience and devotion without the performance of acts suitable to such sentiments. -- Lip wisdom, wise talk without practice, or unsupported by experience. -- Lip work. (a) Talk. (b) Kissing. [Humorous] B. Jonson. -- Lip make a lip, to drop the under lip in sullenness or contempt. Shak. -- To shoot out the lip (Script.), to show contempt by protruding the lip.

Lip

Lip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lipping (?).]

1. To touch with the lips; to put the lips to; hence, to kiss.

The bubble on the wine which breaks Before you lip the glass. Praed.
A hand that kings Have lipped and trembled kissing. Shak.

2. To utter; to speak. [R.] Keats.

Lip

Lip, v. t. To clip; to trim. [Obs.] Holland.

Lip\'91mia

Li*p\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A condition in which fat occurs in the blood.

Lipans

Li*pans" (?), n. pl.; sing. Lipan (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of North American Inedians, inhabiting the northern part of Mexico. They belong to the Tinneh stock, and are closely related to the Apaches.

Liparian

Li*pa"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of a family (Liparid\'91) of destructive bombycid moths, as the tussock moths.

Liparite

Lip"a*rite (?), n. [So called from Lipari, the island.] (Min.) A quartzose trachyte; rhyolite.

Lipic

Lip"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, fat. The word was formerly used specifically to designate a supposed acid obtained by the oxidation of oleic acid, tallow, wax, etc.
Page 858

Lipinic

Li*pin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Lipic.

Lipless

Lip"less (?), a, Having no lips.

Liplet

Lip"let (?), n. A little lip.

Lipocephala

Lip`o*ceph"a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Lamellibranchia.

Lipochrin

Lip"o*chrin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A yellow coloring matter, soluble in ether, contained in the small round fat drops in the retinal epithelium cells. It is best obtained from the eyes of frogs.

Lipogram

Lip"o*gram (?), n. [Gr. A writing composed of words not having a certain letters; -- as in the Odyssey of Tryphiodorus there was no A in the first book, no B in the second, and so on.

Lipogrammatic

Lip"o*gram*mat"ic (?), a. [Gr. lipogrammatique.] Omitting a letter; composed of words not having a certain letter or letters; as, lipogrammatic writings.

Lipogrammatist

Lip`o*gram"ma*tist (?), n. [Cf. F. lipogrammatiste.] One who makes a lipogram.

Lipoma

Li*po"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. -oma.] (Med.) A tumor consisting of fat or adipose tissue. -- Li*pom"a*tous (#), a.

Lipothymic

Li`po*thym"ic (?), a. [Gr. , Tending to swoon; fainting. [Written also leipothymic.]

Lipothymous

Li*poth"y*mous (?), a. [Gr. Pertaining, or given, to swooning; fainting.

Lipothymy

Li*poth"y*my (?), n. [Gr. lipothymie.] A fainting; a swoon. Jer. Taylor.

Lipped

Lipped (?), a.

1. Having a lip or lips; having a raised or rounded edge resembling the lip; -- often used in composition; as, thick-lipped, thin-lipped, etc.

2. (Bot.) Labiate.

Lippitude

Lip"pi*tude (?), n. [L. lippitudo, fr. lippus blear-eyed: cf. F. lippitude.] Soreness of eyes; the state of being blear-eyes; blearedness.

Lipse

Lipse (?), v. i. To lisp. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lipyl

Lip"yl (?), n. [Gr. -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical of glycerin. [Obs.] Berzelius.

Liquable

Liq"ua*ble (?), a. [l. liquabilis. See Liquate, v. i.] Capable of being melted.

Liquate

Li"quate (?), v. i. [L. liquatus, p. p. of liquare to melt.] To melt; to become liquid. [Obs.] Woodward.

Liquate

Li"quate, v. t. (Metal.) To separate by fusion, as a more fusible from a less fusible material.

Liquation

Li*qua"tion (?), n. [L. liquatio: cf. F. liquation.]

1. The act or operation of making or becoming liquid; also, the capacity of becoming liquid.

2. (Metal.) The process of separating, by heat, an easily fusible metal from one less fusible; eliquation.

Liquefacient

Liq`ue*fa"cient (?), n. [L. liquefaciens, p. pr. of liquefacere. See Liquefy.]

1. That which serves to liquefy.

2. (Med.) An agent, as mercury, iodine, etc., which promotes the liquefying processes of the system, and increases the secretions.

Liquefaction

Liq`ue*fac"tion (?), n. [L. liquefactio: cf. F. liqu\'82faction. See Liquefy.]

1. The act or operation of making or becoming liquid; especially, the conversion of a solid into a liquid by the sole agency of heat.

2. The state of being liquid.

3. (Chem. Physics) The act, process, or method, of reducing a gas or vapor to a liquid by cold or pressure; as, the liquefaction of oxygen or hydrogen.

Liquefiable

Liq"ue*fi`a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. liqu\'82fiable. See Liquefy.] Capable of being changed from a solid to a liquid state.

Liquefier

Liq"ue*fi`er (?), n. That which liquefies.

Liquefy

Liq"ue*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liquefied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Liquefying (?).] [F. liqu\'82fier, L. liquere to be liquid + facere, -ficare (in comp.), to make. See Liquid, and -fy.] To convert from a solid form to that of a liquid; to melt; to dissolve; and technically, to melt by the sole agency of heat.

Liquefy

Liq"ue*fy, v. i. To become liquid.

Liquescency

Li*ques"cen*cy (?), n. [See Liquescent.] The quality or state of being liquescent. Johnson.

Liquescent

Li*ques"cent (?), a. [L. liquescens, p. pr. of liquescere to become liquid, incho. fr. liquere to be liquid.] Tending to become liquid; inclined to melt to melt; melting.

Liqueur

Li`queur" (?), n. [F. See Liquor.] An aromatic alcoholic cordial. &hand; Some liqueurs are prepared by infusing certain woods, fruits, or flowers, in either water or alcohol, and adding sugar, etc. Others are distilled from aromatic or flavoring agents.

Liquid

Liq"uid (?), a. [L. liquidus, fr. liquere to be fluid or liquid; cf. Skr. r\'c6 to ooze, drop, l\'c6 to melt.]

1. Flowing freely like water; fluid; not solid.

Yes, though he go upon the plane and liquid water which will receive no step. Tyndale.

2. (Physics) Being in such a state that the component parts move among themselves, but do not tend to separate from each other as the particles of gases and vapors do; neither solid nor a\'89riform; as, liquid mercury, in distinction from mercury solidified or in a state of vapor.

3. Flowing or sounding smoothly or without abrupt transitions or harsh tones. "Liquid melody." Crashaw.

4. Pronounced without any jar or harshness; smooth; as, l and r are liquid letters.

5. Fluid and transparent; as, the liquid air.

6. Clear; definite in terms or amount.[Obs.] "Though the debt should be entirely liquid." Ayliffe. <-- 7. (Finance) the quality of being readily convertible to cash. -- said of assets, such as common stocks or bonds, tradable on a major stock exchange --> Liquid glass. See Soluble glass, under Glass.

Liquid

Liq"uid, n.

1. A substance whose parts change their relative position on the slightest pressure, and therefore retain no definite form; any substance in the state of liquidity; a fluid that is not a\'89riform. <-- needs a better definition: e.g. a fluid with a definite volume, but whose shape is determined by the container in which it is contained. Liquids, in contrast to gases, cannot expand indefinitely to fill an expanding container, and are only slightly compressible by application of pressure. --> &hand; Liquid and fluid are terms often used synonymously, but fluid has the broader signification. All liquids are fluids, but many fluids, as air and the gases, are not liquids.

2. (Phon.) A letter which has a smooth, flowing sound, or which flows smoothly after a mute; as, l and r, in bla, bra. M and n also are called liquids. Liquid measure, a measure, or system of measuring, for liquids, by the gallon, quart, pint, gill, etc.

Liquidambar

Liq"uid*am`bar (?), n. [Liquid + amber.]

1. (Bot.) A genus consisting of two species of tall trees having star-shaped leaves, and woody burlike fruit. Liquidambar styraciflua is the North American sweet qum, and L. Orientalis is found in Asia Minor.

2. The balsamic juice which is obtained from these trees by incision. The liquid balsam of the Oriental tree is liquid storax.

Liquidamber

Liq"uid*am`ber, n. See Liquidambar.

Liquidate

Liq"ui*date (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liquidated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Liquidating.] [LL. liquidatus, p. p. of liquidate to liquidate, fr. L. liquidus liquid, clear. See Liquid.]

1. (Law) To determine by agreement or by litigation the precise amount of (indebtedness); or, where there is an indebtedness to more than one person, to determine the precise amount of (each indebtedness); to make the amount of (an indebtedness); clear and certain.

A debt or demand is liquidated whenever the amount due is agreed on by the parties, or fixed by the operation of law. 15 Ga. Rep. 821.
If our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerable debtor. Chesterfield.

2. In an extended sense: To ascertain the amount, or the several amounts, of , and apply assets toward the discharge of (an indebtedness). Abbott.

3. To discharge; to pay off, as an indebtedness.

Friburg was ceded to Zurich by Sigismund to liquidate a debt of a thousand florins. W. Coxe.

4. To make clear and intelligible.

Time only can liquidate the meaning of all parts of a compound system. A. Hamilton.

5. To make liquid. [Obs.] Liquidated damages (Law), damages the amount of which is fixed or ascertained. Abbott.

Liquidation

Liq`ui*da"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. liquidation.] The act or process of liquidating; the state of being liquidated. To go into liquidation (Law), to turn over to a trustee one's assets and accounts, in order that the several amounts of one's indebtedness be authoritatively ascertained, and that the assets may be applied toward their discharge.

Liquidator

Liq"ui*da`tor (?), n. [Cf. F. liquidateur.]

1. One who, or that which, liquidates.

2. An officer appointed to conduct the winding up of a company, to bring and defend actions and suits in its name, and to do all necessary acts on behalf of the company. [Eng.] Mozley & W.

Liquidity

Li*quid"i*ty (?), n. [L. liquiditas, fr. liquidus liquid: cf. F. liquidit\'82.] The state or quality of being liquid. <-- (Finance) the quality of being readily convertible to cash. -->

Liquidize

Liq"uid*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liquidized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Liquidizing (?).] To render liquid.

Liquidly

Liq"uid*ly, adv. In a liquid manner; flowingly.

Liquidness

Liq"uid*ness, n. The quality or state of being liquid; liquidity; fluency.

Liquor

Liq"uor (?), n. [OE. licour, licur, OF. licur, F. liqueur, fr. L. liquor, fr. liquere to be liquid. See Liquid, and cf. Liqueur.]

1. Any liquid substance, as water, milk, blood, sap, juice, or the like.

2. Specifically, alcoholic or spirituous fluid, either distilled or fermented, as brandy, wine, whisky, beer, etc.

3. (Pharm.) A solution of a medicinal substance in water; -- distinguished from tincture and aqua. &hand; The U. S. Pharmacopoeia includes, in this class of preparations, all aqueous solutions without sugar, in which the substance acted on is wholly soluble in water, excluding those in which the dissolved matter is gaseous or very volatile, as in the aqu\'91 or waters. U. S. Disp. Labarraque's liquor (Old Chem.), a solution of an alkaline hypochlorite, as sodium hypochlorite, used in bleaching and as a disinfectant. -- Liquor of flints, ∨ Liquor silicum (Old Chem.), soluble glass; -- so called because formerly made from powdered flints. See Soluble glass, under Glass. -- Liquor of Libavius. (Old Chem.) See Fuming liquor of Libavius, under Fuming. -- Liquor sanguinis (, (Physiol.), the blood plasma. -- Liquor thief, a tube for taking samples of liquor from a cask through the bung hole. -- To be in liquor, to be intoxicated.

Liquor

Liq"uor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liquored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Liquoring.]

1. To supply with liquor. [R.]

2. To grease. [Obs.] Bacon.

Liquor fishermen's boots. Shak.
<-- liquored up. intoxicated by liquor -->

Liquorice

Liq"uor*ice (?), n. See Licorice.

Liquorish

Liq"uor*ish, a. See Lickerish. [Obs.] Shak.

Liquorous

Liq"uor*ous (?), a. Eagerly desirous. See Lickerish. [Obs.] Marston.

Lira

Li"ra (?), n. ; pl. Lire (#). [It., fr. L. libra the Roman pound. Cf. Livre.] An Italian coin equivalent in value to the French franc.

Lirella

Li*rel"la (?), n. [NL., dim. of L.lira a furrow.] (Bot.) A linear apothecium furrowed along the middle; the fruit of certain lichens.

Lirelliform

Li*rel"li*form (?), a. [Lirella + -form.] (Bot.) Like a lirella. [Written also lirell\'91form.]

Liriodendron

Lir`i*o*den"dron (?), n.; pl. Liriodendra (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of large and very beautiful trees of North America, having smooth, shining leaves, and handsome, tuliplike flowers; tulip tree; whitewood; -- called also canoewood. Liriodendron tulipifera is the only extant species, but there were several others in the Cretaceous epoch.

Liripipe

Lir"i*pipe (?), n. [Obs.] See Liripoop.

Liripoop

Lir"i*poop (?), n. [OF. liripipion, liripion, LL. liripipium. Said to be corrupted from L. cleri ephippium, lit., the clergy's caparison.]

1. A pendent part of the old clerical tippet; afterwards, a tippet; a scarf; -- worn also by doctors, learned men, etc. [Obs.]

2. Acuteness; smartness; also, a smart trick or stratagem.[Obs.] Stanihurst.

3. A silly person. [Obs.]

A liripoop, vel lerripoop, a silly, empty creature; an old dotard. Milles. MS. Devon Gloss.

Liroconite

Li*roc"o*nite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A hydrated arseniate of copper, occurring in obtuse pyramidal crystals of a sky-blue or verdigris-green color.

Lisbon

Lis"bon (?), n. A sweet, light-colored species of wine, produced in the province of Estremadura, and so called as being shipped from Lisbon, in Portugal.

Lisle

Lisle (?), n. A city of France celebrated for certain manufactures. Lisle glove, a fine summer glove, made of Lisle thread. -- Lisle lace, a fine handmade lace, made at Lisle. -- Lisle thread, a hard twisted cotton thread, originally produced at Lisle.

Lisne

Lisne (?), n. [Prov. E. lissen, lisne, a cleft in a rock.] A cavity or hollow.[Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Lisp

Lisp (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lisped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lisping.] [OE. lispen, lipsen, AS. wlisp stammering, lisping; akin to D. & OHG. lispen to lisp, G. lispeln, Sw. l\'84spa, Dan. lespe.]

1. To pronounce the sibilant letter s imperfectly; to give s and z the sound of th; -- a defect common among children.

2. To speak with imperfect articulation; to mispronounce, as a child learning to talk.

As yet a child, nor yet a fool to fame, I lisped in numbers came. Pope.

3. To speak hesitatingly with a low voice, as if afraid.

Lest when my lisping, guilty tongue should halt. Drayton.

Lisp

Lisp, v. t.

1. To pronounce with a lisp.

2. To utter with imperfect articulation; to express with words pronounced imperfectly or indistinctly, as a child speaks; hence, to express by the use of simple, childlike language.

To speak unto them after their own capacity, and to lispe words unto them according as the babes and children of that age might sound them again. Tyndale.

3. To speak with reserve or concealment; to utter timidly or confidentially; as, to lisp treason.

Lisp

Lisp, n. The habit or act of lisping. See Lisp, v. i., 1.
I overheard her answer, with a very pretty lisp, "O! Strephon, you are a dangerous creature." Tatler.

Lisper

Lisp"er (?), n. One who lisps.

Lispingly

Lisp"ing*ly, adv. With a lisp; in a lisping manner.

Liss

Liss (?), n. [AS. liss.] Release; remission; ease; relief. [Obs.] "Of penance had a lisse." Chaucer.

Liss

Liss, v. t. [AS. lissan.] To free, as from care or pain; to relieve. [Obs.] "Lissed of his care." Chaucer.

Lissencephala

Lis`sen*ceph"a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A general name for all those placental mammals that have a brain with few or no cerebral convolutions, as Rodentia, Insectivora, etc.

Lissom, Lissome

Lis"som, Lis"some (?), a. [For lithesome.]

1. Limber; supple; flexible; lithe; lithesome.

Straight, but as lissome as a hazel wand. Tennyson.

2. Light; nimble; active. Halliwell. -- Lis"some*ness, n.

List

List (?), n. [F. lice, LL. liciae, pl., from L. licium thread, girdle.] A line inclosing or forming the extremity of a piece of ground, or field of combat; hence, in the plural (lists), the ground or field inclosed for a race or combat. Chaucer.
In measured lists to toss the weighty lance. Pope.
To enter the lists, to accept a challenge, or engage in contest.

List

List, v. t. To inclose for combat; as, to list a field.

List

List, v. i. [See Listen.] To hearken; to attend; to listen. [Obs. except in poetry.]
Stand close, and list to him. Shak.

List

List, v. t. To listen or hearken to.
Then weigh what loss your honor may sustain, If with too credent ear you list his songs. Shak.

List

List, v. i. [OE. listen, lusten, AS. lystan, from lust pleasure. See Lust.]

1. To desire or choose; to please.

The wind bloweth where it listeth. John iii. 8.
Them that add to the Word of God what them listeth. Hooker.
Let other men think of your devices as they list. Whitgift.

2. (Naut.) To lean; to incline; as, the ship lists to port.

List

List, n.

1. Inclination; desire. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. (Naut.) An inclination to one side; as, the ship has a list to starboard.

List

List, n. [AS. l\'c6st a list of cloth; akin to D. lijst, G. leiste, OHG. l\'c6sta,Icel. lista, listi, Sw. list, Dan. liste. In sense 5 from F. liste, of German origin, and thus ultimately the same word.]

1. A strip forming the woven border or selvedge of cloth, particularly of broadcloth, and serving to strengthen it; hence, a strip of cloth; a fillet. " Gartered with a red and blue list. "


Page 859

Shak.

2. A limit or boundary; a border.

The very list, the very utmost bound, Of all our fortunes. Shak.

3. The lobe of the ear; the ear itself. [Obs.] Chaucer.

4. A stripe. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

5. A roll or catalogue, that is row or line; a record of names; as, a list of names, books, articles; a list of ratable estate.

He was the ablest emperor of all the list. Bacon.

6. (Arch.) A little square molding; a fillet; -- called also listel.

7. (Carp.) A narrow strip of wood, esp. sapwood, cut from the edge of a plank or board.

8. (Rope Making) A piece of woolen cloth with which the yarns are grasped by a workman.

9. (Tin-plate Manuf.) (a) The first thin coat of tin. (b) A wirelike rim of tin left on an edge of the plate after it is coated. Civil list (Great Britain & U.S.), the civil officers of government, as judges, ambassadors, secretaries, etc. Hence, the revenues or appropriations of public money for the support of the civil officers. More recently, the civil list, in England, embraces only the expenses of the reigning monarch's household. Free list. (a) A list of articles admitted to a country free of duty. (b) A list of persons admitted to any entertainment, as a theater or opera, without payment, or to whom a periodical, or the like, is furnished without cost. Syn. -- Roll; catalogue; register; inventory; schedule. -- List, Boll, Catalogue, Register, Inventory, Schedule. Alist is properly a simple series of names, etc., in a brief form, such as might naturally be entered in a narrow strip of paper. A roll was originally a list containing the names of persons belonging to a public body (as Parliament, etc.), which was rolled up and laid aside among its archives. A catalogue is a list of persons or things arranged in order, and usually containing some description of the same, more or less extended. A register is designed for record or preservation. An inventory is a list of articles, found on hand in a store of goods, or in the estate of a deceased person, or under similar circumstances. A schedule is a formal list or inventory prepared for legal or business purposes.

List

List (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Listed; p. pr. & vb. n. Listing.] [From list a roll.]

1. To sew together, as strips of cloth, so as to make a show of colors, or form a border. Sir H. Wotton.

2. To cover with list, or with strips of cloth; to put list on; as, to list a door; to stripe as if with list.

The tree that stood white-listed through the gloom. Tennyson.

3. To enroll; to place or register in a list.

Listed among the upper serving men. Milton.

4. To engage, as a soldier; to enlist.

I will list you for my soldier. Sir W. Scott.

5. (Carp.) To cut away a narrow strip, as of sapwood, from the edge of; as, to list a board. To list a stock (Stock Exchange), to put it in the list of stocks called at the meeting of the board.<-- to put it on a list of stocks which may be traded on a specific stock exchange -->

List

List, v. i. To engage in public service by enrolling one's name; to enlist.

Listel

List"el (?), n. [F. listel, dim. of liste fillet, list. See List the edge.] (Arch.) Same as List, n., 6.

Listen

Lis"ten (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Listened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Listening.] [OE. listnen, listen, lustnen, lusten, AS. hlystan; akin to hlyst hearing, OS. hlust, Icel. hlusta to listen, hlust ear, AS. hlosnian to wait in suspense, OHG. hlos\'c7n to listen, Gr. loud. &root;41. See Loud, and cf. List to listen.]

1. To give close attention with the purpose of hearing; to give ear; to hearken; to attend.

When we have occasion to listen, and give a more particular attention to same sound, the tympanum is drawn to a more than ordinary tension. Holder.

2. To give heed; to yield to advice; to follow admonition; to obey.

Listen to me, and by me be ruled. Tennyson.
To listen after, to take an interest in. [Obs.]
Soldiers note forts, armories, and magazines; scholars listen after libraries, disputations, and professors. Fuller.
Syn. -- To attend; hearken. See Attend.

Listen

Lis"ten, v. t. To attend to. [Obs.] Shak.

Listener

Lis"ten*er (?), n. One who listens; a hearkener.

Lister

List"er (?), n. One who makes a list or roll.

Lister

Lis"ter (?), n. Same as Leister.

Listerian

Lis*te"ri*an (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to listerism.

Listerism

Lis"ter*ism (?), n. (Med.) The systematic use of antiseptics in the performance of operations and the treatment of wounds; -- so called from Joseph Lister, an English surgeon.

Listful

List"ful (?), a. Attentive [Obs.] Spenser.

Listing

List"ing, n.

1. The act or process of one who lists (in any sense of the verb); as, the listing of a door; the listing of a stock at the Stock Exchange.

2. The selvedge of cloth; list.

3. (Carp.) The sapwood cut from the edge of a board.

4. (Agric.) The throwing up of the soil into ridges, -- a method adopted in the culture of beets and some garden crops. [Local, U. S.]

Listless

List"less, a. [OE. listles, lustles. See Lust.] Having no desire or inclination; indifferent; heedless; spiritless. " A listless unconcern." Thomson.
Benumbed with cold, and listless of their gain. Dryden.
I was listless, and desponding. Swift.
Syn. -- Heedless; careless; indifferent; vacant; uninterested; languid; spiritless; supine; indolent. -- List"less*ly, adv. -- List"less*ness, n.

Lit

Lit (?), a form of the imp. & p. p. of Light.

Litany

Lit"a*ny (?), n.; pl. Litanies (#). [OE. letanie, OF. letanie, F. litanie, L. litania, Gr. A solemn form of supplication in the public worship of various churches, in which the clergy and congregation join, the former leading and the latter responding in alternate sentences. It is usually of a penitential character.
Supplications . . . for the appeasing of God's wrath were of the Greek church termed litanies, and rogations of the Latin. Hooker.

Litarge

Lit"arge (?), n. Litharge. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Litchi

Li"tchi` (?), n. (Bot.) The fruit of a tree native to China (Nephelium Litchi). It is nutlike, having a rough but tender shell, containing an aromatic pulp, and a single large seed. In the dried fruit which is exported the pulp somewhat resembles a raisin in color and form. [Written also lichi, and lychee.] -- lite (#). See -lith.

Lite

Lite (?), a., adv., & n. Little. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Liter, Litre

Li"ter, Li"tre (?), n. [F. litre, Gr. A measure of capacity in the metric system, being a cubic decimeter, equal to 61.022 cubic inches, or 2.113 American pints, or 1.76 English pints.

Literacy

Lit"er*a*cy (?), n. State of being literate.

Literal

Lit"er*al (?), a. [F. lit\'82ral, litt\'82ral, L. litteralis, literalis, fr. littera, litera, a letter. See Letter.]

1. According to the letter or verbal expression; real; not figurative or metaphorical; as, the literal meaning of a phrase.

It hath but one simple literal sense whose light the owls can not abide. Tyndale
.

2. Following the letter or exact words; not free.

A middle course between the rigor of literal translations and the liberty of paraphrasts. Hooker.

3. Consisting of, or expressed by, letters.

The literal notation of numbers was known to Europeans before the ciphers. Johnson.

4. Giving a strict or literal construction; unimaginative; matter-of fast; -- applied to persons. Literal contract (Law), contract of which the whole evidence is given in writing. Bouvier. -- Literal equation (Math.), an equation in which known quantities are expressed either wholly or in part by means of letters; -- distinguished from a numerical equation.

Literal

Lit"er*al, n. Literal meaning. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Literalism

Lit"er*al*ism (?), n.

1. That which accords with the letter; a mode of interpreting literally; adherence to the letter.

2. (Fine Arts) The tendency or disposition to represent objects faithfully, without abstraction, conventionalities, or idealization.

Literalist

Lit"er*al*ist, n. One who adheres to the letter or exact word; an interpreter according to the letter.

Literalty

Lit`er*al"ty (?), n. [Cf. F. litt\'82ralit\'82.] The state or quality of being literal. Sir T. Browne.

Literalization

Lit`er*al*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of literalizing; reduction to a literal meaning.

Literalize

Lit"er*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Literalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Literalizing (?).] To make literal; to interpret or put in practice according to the strict meaning of the words; -- opposed to spiritualize; as, to literalize Scripture.

Literalizer

Lit"er*al*i`zer (?), n. A literalist.

Literally

Lit"er*al*ly, adv.

1. According to the primary and natural import of words; not figuratively; as, a man and his wife can not be literally one flesh.

2. With close adherence to words; word by word.

So wild and ungovernable a poet can not be translated literally. Dryden.

Literalness

Lit"er*al*ness, n. The quality or state of being literal; literal import.

Literary

Lit"er*a*ry (?), a. [L. litterarius, literarius,fr. littera, litera, a letter: cf. F. litt\'82raire. See Letter.]

1. Of or pertaining to letters or literature; pertaining to learning or learned men; as, literary fame; a literary history; literary conversation.

He has long outlived his century, the term commonly fixed as the test of literary merit. Johnson.

2. Versed in, or acquainted with, literature; occupied with literature as a profession; connected with literature or with men of letters; as, a literary man.

In the literary as well as fashionable world. Mason.
Literary property. (a) Property which consists in written or printed compositions. (b) The exclusive right of publication as recognized and limited by law.<--- e.g. a copyright -->

Literate

Lit"er*ate (?), a. [L. litteratus, literatus. See Letter.] Instructed in learning, science, or literature; learned; lettered.
The literate now chose their emperor, as the military chose theirs. Landor.

Literate

Lit"er*ate, n.

1. One educated, but not having taken a university degree; especially, such a person who is prepared to take holy orders. [Eng.]

2. A literary man.

Literati

Lit`e*ra"ti (?), n. pl. [See Literatus.] Learned or literary men. See Literatus.
Shakespearean commentators, and other literati. Craik.

Literatim

Lit`e*ra"tim (?), adv. [LL., fr. L.litera, litera, letter.] Letter for letter.

Literation

Lit`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. littera, litera, letter.] The act or process of representing by letters.

Literator

Lit"er*a`tor (?), n. [L. litterator, literator. See Letter.]

1. One who teaches the letters or elements of knowledge; a petty schoolmaster. Burke.

2. A person devoted to the study of literary trifles, esp. trifles belonging to the literature of a former age.

That class of subjects which are interesting to the regular literator or black-letter " bibliomane," simply because they have once been interesting. De Quincey.

3. A learned person; a literatus. Sir W. Hamilton.

Literature

Lit"er*a*ture (?), n. [F. litt\'82rature, L. litteratura, literatura, learning, grammar, writing, fr.littera, litera, letter. See Letter.]

1. Learning; acquaintance with letters or books.

2. The collective body of literary productions, embracing the entire results of knowledge and fancy preserved in writing; also, the whole body of literary productions or writings upon a given subject, or in reference to a particular science or branch of knowledge, or of a given country or period; as, the literature of Biblical criticism; the literature of chemistry.

3. The class of writings distinguished for beauty of style or expression, as poetry, essays, or history, in distinction from scientific treatises and works which contain positive knowledge; belles-lettres.

4. The occupation, profession, or business of doing literary work. Lamp. Syn. -- Science; learning; erudition; belles-lettres. See Science. -- Literature, Learning, Erudition. Literature, in its widest sense, embraces all compositions in writing or print which preserve the results of observation, thought, or fancy; but those upon the positive sciences (mathematics, etc.) are usually excluded. It is often confined, however, to belles-lettres, or works of taste and sentiment, as poetry, eloquence, history, etc., excluding abstract discussions and mere erudition. A man of literature (in this narrowest sense) is one who is versed in belles-lettres; a man of learning excels in what is taught in the schools, and has a wide extent of knowledge, especially, in respect to the past; a man of erudition is one who is skilled in the more recondite branches of learned inquiry.

The origin of all positive science and philosophy, as well as of all literature and art, in the forms in which they exist in civilized Europe, must be traced to the Greeks. Sir G. Lewis.
Learning thy talent is, but mine is sense. Prior.
Some gentlemen, abounding in their university erudition, fill their sermons with philosophical terms. Swift.

Literatus

Lit`e*ra"tus (?), n.; pl. Literati (#). [L. litteratus, literatus.] A learned man; a man acquainted with literature; -- chiefly used in the plural.
Now we are to consider that our bright ideal of a literatus may chance to be maimed. De Quincey.

-lith, -lite

-lith (?), -lite (?). Combining forms fr. Gr. li`qos a stone; -- used chiefly in naming minerals and rocks.

Lith

Lith (?), obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Lie, to recline, for lieth. Chaucer.

Lith

Lith (?), n. [AS. li.] A joint or limb; a division; a member; a part formed by growth, and articulated to, or symmetrical with, other parts. Chaucer.

Lith\'91mia

Li*th\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A condition in which uric (lithic) acid is present in the blood.

Lithagogue

Lith"a*gogue (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) A medicine having, or supposed to have, the power of expelling calculous matter with the urine. Hooper.

Litharge

Lith"arge (?), n. [OE. litarge, F. litharge, L. lithargyrus, Gr. (Chem.) Lead monoxide; a yellowish red substance, obtained as an amorphous powder, or crystallized in fine scales, by heating lead moderately in a current of air or by calcining lead nitrate or carbonate. It is used in making flint glass, in glazing earthenware, in making red lead minium, etc. Called also massicot.

Lithargyrum

Li*thar"gy*rum (?), n. [NL. See Litharge.] (Old Chem.) Crystallized litharge, obtained by fusion in the form of fine yellow scales.

Lithate

Lith"ate (?), n. (Old Med. Chem.) A salt of lithic or uric acid; a urate. [Obs.] [Written also lithiate.]

Lithe

Lithe (?), v. i. & i. [Icel Listen.] To listen or listen to; to hearken to. [Obs.] P. Plowman.

Lithe

Lithe, a. [AS. lind, gelind, OHG. lindi, Icel. linr, L. lenis soft, mild, lentus flexible, and AS. linnan to yield. Cf. Lenient.]

1. Mild; calm; as, lithe weather. [Obs.]

2. Capable of being easily bent; pliant; flexible; limber; as, the elephant's lithe proboscis. Milton.

Lithe

Lithe, v. t. [AS. Lithe, a.] To smooth; to soften; to palliate. [Obs.]

Lithely

Lithe"ly, adv. In a lithe, pliant, or flexible manner.

Litheness

Lithe"ness, n. The quality or state of being lithe; flexibility; limberness.

Lither

Li"ther (?), a. [AS. Bad; wicked; false; worthless; slothful. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Not lither in business, fervent in spirit. Bp. Woolton.
&hand; Professor Skeat thinks " the lither sky" as found in Shakespeare's Henry VI. ((Part I. IY. YII., 21) means the stagnant or pestilential sky. -- Li"ther*ly, adv. [Obs.]. -- Li"ther*ness, n. [Obs.]

Litherly

Li"ther*ly, a. Crafty; cunning; mischievous; wicked; treacherous; lazy.[Archaic]
He [the dwarf] was waspish, arch, and litherly. Sir W. Scott.

Lithesome

Lithe"some (?), a. [See Lithe, a., and cf. Lissom.] Pliant; limber; flexible; supple; nimble; lissom. -- Lithe"some*ness, n.

Lithia

Lith"i*a (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Chem.) The oxide of lithium; a strong alkaline caustic similar to potash and soda, but weaker. See Lithium. Lithia emerald. See Hiddenite.

Lithiasis

Li*thi"a*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) The formation of stony concretions or calculi in any part of the body, especially in the bladder and urinary passages. Dunglison.

Lithic

Lith"ic (?), a. [Gr. lithique.]

1. Of or pertaining to stone; as, lithic architecture.

2. (Med.) Pertaining to the formation of uric-acid concretions (stone) in the bladder and other parts of the body; as, lithic diathesis. LIthic acid (Old Med. Chem.), uric acid. See Uric acid, under Uric.

Lithic

Lith"ic, n. (Med.) A medicine which tends to prevent stone in the bladder.

Lithic

Lith"ic, a. [From Lithium.] (Chem.) Pertaining to or denoting lithium or some of its compounds. Frankland.

Lithiophilite

Lith`i*oph"i*lite (?), n. [Lithium + Gr. (Min.) A phosphate of manganese and lithium; a variety of triphylite.
Page 860

Lithium

Lith"i*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Chem.) A metallic element of the alkaline group, occurring in several minerals, as petalite, spodumene, lepidolite, triphylite, etc., and otherwise widely disseminated, though in small quantities. &hand; When isolated it is a soft, silver white metal, tarnishing and oxidizing very rapidly in the air. It is the lightest solid element known, specific gravity being 0.59. Symbol Li. Atomic weight 7.0 So called from having been discovered in a mineral.

Litho

Lith"o (?) A combining form from Gr. stone
.

Lithobilic

Lith`o*bil"ic (?), a. [Litho + bile.] (Chem.) Pertaining to or designating an organic acid of the tartaric acid series, distinct from lithofellic acid, but, like it, obtained from certain bile products, as bezoar stones.

Lithocarp

Lith"o*carp (?), n. [Litho- + Gr. lithocarpe.] (Paleon.) Fossil fruit; a fruit petrified; a carpolite.

Lithochromatics

Lith`o*chro*mat"ics (?), n. See Lithochromics.

Lithochromics

Lith`o*chro"mics (?), n. [Litho- + Gr. The art of printing colored pictures on canvas from oil paintings on stone.

Lithoclast

Lith"o*clast (?), n. [Litho- + Gr. (Surg.) An instrument for crushing stones in the bladder.

Lithocyst

Lith"o*cyst (?), n. [Litho- + cyst.] (Zo\'94l.) A sac containing small, calcareous concretions (otoliths). They are found in many Medus\'91, and other invertebrates, and are supposed to be auditory organs.

Lithodome

Lith"o*dome (?), n. [Litho- + Gr. lithodome.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of bivalves, which form holes in limestone, in which they live; esp., any species of the genus Lithodomus.

Lithodomous

Li*thod"o*mous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like, or pertaining to, Lithodomus; lithophagous.

Lithodomus

Li*thod"o*mus (?), n. [NL. See Lithodome.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of elongated bivalve shells, allied to the mussels, and remarkable for their ability to bore holes for shelter, in solid limestone, shells, etc. Called also Lithophagus. &hand; These holes are at first very small and shallow, but are enlarged with the growth of the shell, sometimes becoming two or three inches deep and nearly an inch diameter.

Lithofellic

Lith"o*fel"lic (?), a. [Litho- + L. fel, fellis, gall.] (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a crystalline, organic acid, resembling cholic acid, found in the biliary intestinal concretions (bezoar stones) common in certain species of antelope.

Lithofracteur

Lith`o*frac"teur (?), n. [F., fr. frangere, fractum, to break.] An explosive compound of nitroglycerin. See Nitroglycerin.

Lithogenesy

Lith`o*gen"e*sy (?), n. [Litho- Gr. lithog\'82n\'82sie. See Genesis.] The doctrine or science of the origin of the minerals composing the globe.

Lithogenous

Li*thog"e*nous (?), a. [Litho- + -genous.] Stone-producing; -- said of polyps which form coral.

Lithoglyph

Lith"o*glyph (?), n. [Gr. An engraving on a gem.

Lithoglypher

Li*thog"ly*pher (?), n. One who curs or engraves precious stones.

Lithoglyphic

Lith`o*glyph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the art of cutting and engraving precious stones.

Lithoglyptics

Lith`o*glyp"tics (?), n. The art of cutting and engraving gems.

Lithograph

Lith"o*graph (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lithographed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lithographing (?).] [Litho- + -graph: cf. F. lithographier.] To trace on stone by the process of lithography so as to transfer the design to paper by printing; as, to lithograph a design; to lithograph a painting. See Lithography.

Lithograph

Lith"o*graph, n. A print made by lithography.

Lithographer

Li*thog"ra*pher (?), n. One who lithographs; one who practices lithography.

Lithographic, Lithographical

Lith`o*graph"ic (?), Lith`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. lithographique.] Of or pertaining to lithography; made by lithography; as, the lithographic art; a lithographic picture. Lithographic limestone (Min.), a compact, fine-grained limestone, obtained largely from the Lias and O\'94lite, esp. of Bavaria, and extensively used in lithography. -- Lith`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Lithography

Li*thog"ra*phy (?), n. [Cf. F. lithographie.] The art or process of putting designs or writing, with a greasy material, on stone, and of producing printed impressions therefrom. The process depends, in the main, upon the antipathy between grease and water, which prevents a printing ink containing oil from adhering to wetted parts of the stone not covered by the design. See Lithographic limestone, under Lithographic.<-- now used for a similar process using any flat surface, such as a metal plate, for a similar purpose. (b) The process of producing patterns on semiconductor crystals by exposing photosensitive coatings on a matrix, such as silicon, to light patterns in the form desired for the circuit, and subsequently treating (e.g., chemically) the patterns thus formed in such a way as to create integrated semiconductor circuits with the desired properties. This is the principle method (1990's) to create the high-density integrated circuits used in the digital computers on which you are reading this. -->

Lithoid Lithoidal

Lith"oid (?) Li*thoid"al (?), a. [Litho- + -oid: cf. F. litho\'8bde.] Like a stone; having a stony structure.

Litholatry

Li*thol"a*try (?), n. [Litho- + Gr. The worship of a stone or stones.

Lithologic, Lithological

Lith`o*log"ic (?), Lith`o*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. lithologique.]

1. (Geol.) Of or pertaining to the character of a rock, as derived from the nature and mode of aggregation of its mineral contents.

2. Of or pertaining to lithology.

Lithologically

Lith`o*log"ic*al*ly (?), adv. From a lithological point of view; as, to consider a stratum lithologically.

Lithologist

Li*thol"o*gist (?), n. One who is skilled in lithology.

Lithology

Li*thol"o*gy (?), n. [Litho- + -logy: cf. F. lithologie.]

1. The science which treats of rocks, as regards their mineral constitution and classification, and their mode of occurrence in nature.

2. (Med.) A treatise on stones found in the body.

Lithomancy

Lith"o*man`cy (?), n. [Litho- + -mancy: cf. F. lithomancie.] Divination by means of stones.

Lithomarge

Lith"o*marge (?), n. [Litho- + L. marga marl.] A clay of a fine smooth texture, and very sectile.

Lithonthriptic, Lithonthryptic

Lith`on*thrip"tic, Lith`on*thryp"tic (?), a. & n. [Litho- + Gr. Same as Lithontriptic.

Lithontriptic

Lith`on*trip"tic (?), a. [Gr. lithontriptique.] (Med.) Having the quality of, or used for, dissolving or destroying stone in the bladder or kidneys; as, lithontriptic forc\'82ps. -- n. A lithontriptic remedy or agent, as distilled water.

Lithontriptist

Lith"on*trip"tist, n. Same as Lithotriptist.

Lithontriptor

Lith"on*trip`tor (?), n. (Surg.) See Lithotriptor.

Lithophagous

Li*thoph"a*gous (?), a. [Litho- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Eating or swallowing stones or gravel, as the ostrich. (b) Eating or destroying stone; -- applied to various animals which make burrows in stone, as many bivalve mollusks, certain sponges, annelids, and sea urchins. See Lithodomus.

Lithophane

Lith`o*phane (?), n. [Litho- + Gr. Porcelain impressed with figures which are made distinct by transmitted light, -- as when hung in a window, or used as a lamp shade.

Lithophosphor

Lith"o*phos`phor (?), n. [Litho- + phosphor.] A stone that becomes phosphoric by heat.

Lithophosphoric

Lith`o*phos*phor"ic (?), a. Pertaining to lithophosphor; becoming phosphoric by heat.

Lithophotography

Lith`o*pho*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Litho- + photography.] Same as Photolithography.

Lithophyll

Lith"o*phyll (?), n. [Gr. lithophylle.] A fossil leaf or impression of a leaf.

Lithophyse

Lith"o*physe (?), n. [Litho- + Gr. (Min.) A spherulitic cavity often with concentric chambers, observed in some volcanic rocks, as in rhyolitic lavas. It is supposed to be produced by expanding gas, whence the name.

Lithophyte

Lith"o*phyte (?), n. [Litho- + Gr. lithophyte.] (Zo\'94l.) A hard, or stony, plantlike organism, as the gorgonians, corals, and corallines, esp. those gorgonians having a calcareous axis. All the lithophytes except the corallines are animals.

Lithophytic

Lith`o*phyt"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to lithophytes.

Lithophytous

Li*thoph"y*tous (?), a. Lithophytic.

Lithosian

Li*tho"sian (?), n. [From NL. Lithosia, the typical genus, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of various species of moths belonging to the family Lithosid\'91. Many of them are beautifully colored.

Lithotint

Lith"o*tint (?), n. [Litho- + tint.]

1. A kind of lithography by which the effect of a tinted drawing is produced, as if made with India ink.

2. A picture produced by this process.

Lithotome

Lith"o*tome (?), n. [Gr. lithotome.]

1. A stone so formed by nature as to appear as if cut by art.

2. (Surg.) An instrument used for cutting the bladder in operations for the stone.

Lithotomic, Lithotomical

Lith`o*tom"ic (?), Lith`o*tom"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. lithotomique.] Pertaining to, or performed by, lithotomy.

Lithotomist

Li*thot"o*mist (?), n. [Cf. F. lithotomiste.] One who performs the operation of cutting for stone in the bladder, or one who is skilled in the operation.

Lithotomy

Li*thot"o*my (?), n. [L. lithotomia, Gr. lithotomie.] (Surg.) The operation, art, or practice of cutting for stone in the bladder.

Lithotripsy

Lith"o*trip`sy (?), n. [Litho- + Gr. lithotripsie.] (Surg.) The operation of crushing a stone in the bladder with an instrument called lithotriptor or lithotrite; lithotrity.

Lithotriptic

Lith`o*trip"tic (?), a. & n. Same as Lithontriptic.

Lithotriptist

Lith"o*trip`tist (?), n. One skilled in breaking and extracting stone in the bladder.

Lithotriptor

Lith"o*trip`tor (?), n. (Surg.) An instrument for triturating the stone in the bladder; a lithotrite.

Lithotrite, Lithotritor

Lith"o*trite (?), Lith"o*tri"tor (?),[See Lithotrity.] (Surg.) A lithotriptor.

Lithotritist

Li*thot"ri*tist (?), n. A lithotriptist.

Lithotrity

Li*thot"ri*ty (?), n. [Litho- + L. terere, tritum, to rub, grind.] (Surg.) The operation of breaking a stone in the bladder into small pieces capable of being voided.<-- = lithotripsy? -->

Lithotype

Lith"o*type (?), n. A kind of stereotype plate made by lithotypy; also, that which in printed from it. See Lithotypy.

Lithotype

Lith"o*type, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lithotyped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lithotyping (?).] To prepare for printing with plates made by the process of lithotypy. See Lithotypy.

Lithotypic

Lith`o*typ"ic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or produced by, lithotypy.

Lithotypy

Li*thot"y*py (?), n. [Litho- + -typy.] The art or process of making a kind of hard, stereotypeplate, by pressing into a mold, taken from a page of type or other matter, a composition of gum shell-lac and sand of a fine quality, together with a little tar and linseed oil, all in a heated state.

Lithoxyl

Li*thox`yl (?), n. [Written also lithoxyle.] [Litho- + Gr. lithoxyle.] Petrified wood. [Obs.]

Lithuanian

Lith`u*a"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Lithuania (formerly a principality united with Poland, but now Russian and Prussian territory).<-- after 1992, an independent country. -->

Lithuanian

Lith`u*a"ni*an, n. A native, or one of the people, of Lithuania; also, the language of the Lithuanian people.

Lithy

Lith"y (?) a. [See Lithe.] Easily bent; pliable. Lithy tree (Bot.), a European shrub (Viburnum Lantana); -- so named from its tough and flexible stem.

Litigable

Lit"i*ga*ble (?), a. Such as can be litigated.

Litigant

Lit"i*gant (?), a. [L. litigans, -antis, p. pr. of litigare: cf. F. litigant. See Litigate.] Disposed to litigate; contending in law; engaged in a lawsuit; as, the parties litigant. Ayliffe.

Litigant

Lit"i*gant, n. A person engaged in a lawsuit.

Litigate

Lit"i*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Litigated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Litigating.] [See Litigation.] To make the subject of a lawsuit; to contest in law; to prosecute or defend by pleadings, exhibition of evidence, and judicial debate in a court; as, to litigate a cause.

Litigate

Lit"i*gate, v. i. To carry on a suit by judicial process.

Litigation

Lit`i*ga"tion (?), n. [L. litigatio, fr. litigare to dispute, litigate; lis, litis, dispute, lawsuit (OL. stlis) + agere to carry on. See Agent.] The act or process of litigating; a suit at law; a judicial contest.

Litigator

Lit"i*ga`tor (?), n. [L.] One who litigates.

Litigious

Li*ti"gious (?), a. [L. litigiosus, fr. litigium dispute, quarrel, fr. litigare: cf. F. litigieux. See Litigation.]

1. Inclined to judicial contest; given to the practice of contending in law; guarrelsome; contentious; fond of litigation. " A pettifogging attorney or a litigious client." Macaulay.

Soldiers find wars, and lawyers find out still Litigious men, who guarrels move. Donne.

2. Subject to contention; disputable; controvertible; debatable; doubtful; precarious. Shak.

No fences, parted fields, nor marks, nor bounds, Distinguished acres of litigious grounds. Dryden.

3. Of or pertaining to legal disputes.

Nor brothers cite to the litigious bar. Young.

Litigiously

Li*ti"gious*ly, adv. In a litigious manner.

Litigiousness

Li*ti"gious*ness, n. The state of being litigious; disposition to engage in or carry on lawsuits.

Litmus

Lit"mus (?), n. [D. lakmoes; lak lacker + moes a thick preparation of fruit, pap, prob. akin to E. meat: cf. G. lackmus. See Lac a resinous substance.] (Chem.) A dyestuff extracted from certain lichens (Roccella tinctoria, Lecanora tartarea, etc.), as a blue amorphous mass which consists of a compound of the alkaline carbonates with certain coloring matters related to orcin and orcein. &hand; Litmus is used as a dye, and being turned red by acids and restored to its blue color by alkalies, is a common indicator or test for acidity and alkalinity. Litmus paper (Chem.), unsized paper saturated with blue or red litmus, -- used in testing for acids or alkalies. <-- litmus test, (Fig.) a test for a single factor, which has only two outcomes, positive or negative; (Politics) For voters concerned predominantly by a single issue, the question of whether a candidate is for or against their position on that issue. -->

Litotes

Li"to*tes (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A diminution or softening of statement for the sake of avoiding censure or increasing the effect by contrast with the moderation shown in the form of expression; as, " a citizen of no mean city," that is, of an illustrious city.

Litraneter

Li*tran"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. li`tra + -meter. See Liter] An instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity of liquids.

Litre

Li"tre (?), n. [F.] Same as Liter.

Litter

Lit"ter (?), n. [F. liti\'8are, LL. lectaria, fr. L. lectus couch, bed. See Lie to be prostrated, and cf. Coverlet.]

1. A bed or stretcher so arranged that a person, esp. a sick or wounded person, may be easily carried in or upon it.

There is a litter ready; lay him in 't. Shak.

2. Straw, hay, etc., scattered on a floor, as bedding for animals to rest on; also, a covering of straw for plants.

To crouch in litter of your stable planks. Shak.
Take off the litter from your kernel beds. Evelyn.

3. Things lying scattered about in a manner indicating slovenliness; scattered rubbish.

Strephon, who found the room was void. Stole in, and took a strict survey Of all the litter as it lay. Swift.

4. Disorder or untidiness resulting from scattered rubbish, or from thongs lying about uncared for; as, a room in a state of litter.

5. The young brought forth at one time, by a sow or other multiparous animal, taken collectively. Also Fig.

A wolf came to a sow, and very kindly offered to take care of her litter. D. Estrange.
Reflect upon numerous litter of strange, senseless opinions that crawl about the world. South.

Litter

Lit"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Littered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Littering.]

1. To supply with litter, as cattle; to cover with litter, as the floor of a stall.

Tell them how they litter their jades. Bp. Hacke
For his ease, well littered was the floor. Dryden.

2. To put into a confused or disordered condition; to strew with scattered articles; as, to litter a room.

The room with volumes littered round. Swift.

3. To give birth to; to bear; -- said of brutes, esp. those which produce more than one at a birth, and also of human beings, in abhorrence or contempt.

We might conceive that dogs were created blind, because we observe they were littered so with us. Sir T. Browne.
The son that she did litter here, A freckled whelp hagborn. Shak.

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Litter

Lit"ter (?), v. i.

1. To be supplied with litter as bedding; to sleep or make one's bed in litter. [R.]

The inn Where he and his horse littered. Habington.

2. To produce a litter.

A desert . . . where the she-wolf still littered. Macaulay.

Litterateur

Lit`te`ra`teur" (?), n. [F.] One who occupies himself with literature; a literary man; a literatus. " Befriended by one kind-hearted litt\'82rateur after another." C. Kingsley.

Littery

Lit"ter*y (?), a. Covered or encumbered with litter; consisting of or constituting litter.

Little

Lit"tle (?), a. [The regular comparative of this word is wanting, its place being supplied by less, or, rarely, lesser. See Lesser. For the superlative least is used, the regular form, littlest, occurring very rarely, except in some of the English provinces, and occasionally in colloquial language. " Where love is great, the littlest doubts are fear." Shak.] [OE. litel, lutel, AS. l, l\'c6tel, l; akin to OS. littil, D. luttel, LG. l\'81tt, OHG. luzzil, MHG. l\'81tzel; and perh. to AS. lytig deceitful, lot deceit, Goth. liuts deceitful, lut to deceive; cf. also Icel. l\'c6till little, Sw. liten, Dan. liden, lille, Goth. leitils, which appear to have a different root vowel.]

1. Small in size or extent; not big; diminutive; -- opposed to big or large; as, a little body; a little animal; a little piece of ground; a little hill; a little distance; a little child.

He sought to see Jesus who he was; and could not for the press, because he was little of stature. Luke xix. 3.

2. Short in duration; brief; as, a little sleep.

Best him enough: after a little time, I'll beat him too. Shak.

3. Small in quantity or amount; not much; as, a little food; a little air or water.

Conceited of their little wisdoms, and doting upon their own fancies. Barrow.

4. Small in dignity, power, or importance; not great; insignificant; contemptible.

When thou wast little in thine own sight, wast thou not made the head of the tribes? I Sam. xv. 17.

5. Small in force or efficiency; not strong; weak; slight; inconsiderable; as, little attention or exertion;little effort; little care or diligence.

By sad experiment I know How little weight my words with thee can find. Milton.

6. Small in extent of views or sympathies; narrow; shallow; contracted; mean; illiberal; ungenerous.

The long-necked geese of the world that are ever hissing dispraise, Because their natures are little. Tennyson.
Little chief. (Zo\'94l.) See Chief hare. -- Little finger, the fourth and smallest finger of the hand. -- Little go (Eng. Universities), a public examination about the middle of the course, which as less strict and important than the final one; -- called also smalls. Cf. Great go, under Great. Thackeray. -- Little hours (R. C. Ch.), the offices of prime, tierce, sext, and nones. Vespers and compline are sometimes included. -- Little ones, young children.
The men, and the women, and the little ones. Deut. ii. 34.

Little

Lit"tle, n.

1. That which is little; a small quantity, amount, space, or the like.

Much was in little writ. Dryden.
There are many expressions, which carrying with them no clear ideas, are like to remove but little of my ignorance. Locke.

2. A small degree or scale; miniature. " His picture in little." Shak.

A little, to or in a small degree; to a limited extent; somewhat; for a short time. " Stay a little." Shak.
The painter flattered her a little. Shak.
-- By little and little, ∨ Little by little, by slow degrees; piecemeal; gradually.

Little

Lit"tle, adv. In a small quantity or degree; not much; slightly; somewhat; -- often with a preceding it. " The poor sleep little." Otway.

Little-ease

Lit"tle-ease` (?), n. An old slang name for the pillory, stocks, etc., of a prison.[Eng.] Latimer.

Littleness

Lit"tle*ness, n. The state or quality of being little; as, littleness of size, thought, duration, power, etc. Syn. -- Smallness; slightness; inconsiderableness; narrowness; insignificance; meanness; penuriousness.

Littoral

Lit"to*ral (?), a. [L. littoralis, litoralis, from littus, litus, the seashore: cf. F. littoral.]

1. Of or pertaining to a shore, as of the sea.

2. (Biol.) Inhabiting the seashore, esp. the zone between high-water and low-water mark.

Littorina

Lit"to*ri"na (?), n. [NL. See Littoral.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small pectinibranch mollusks, having thick spiral shells, abundant between tides on nearly all rocky seacoasts. They feed on seaweeds. The common periwinkle is a well-known example. See Periwinkle.

Littress

Lit"tress (?), n. A smooth kind of cartridge paper used for making cards. Knight.

Litate

Lit"ate (?), a. [See Lituus.] (Bot.) Forked, with the points slightly curved outward.

Lituiform

Lit"u*i*form (?), a. [Lituus + -form.] Having the form of a lituus; like a lituite.

Lituite

Lit"u*ite (?), n. [See Lituus.] (Paleon.) Any species of ammonites of the genus Lituites. They are found in the Cretaceous formation.

Liturate

Lit"u*rate (?), a. [L. lituratus, p. p. of liturare to erase, fr. litura a blur.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Having indistinct spots, paler at their margins.

2. (Bot.) Spotted, as if from abrasions of the surface.

Liturgic, Liturgical

Li*tur"gic (?), Li*tur"gic*al (?),[Gr. liturgique.] Pertaining to, of or the nature of, a liturgy; of or pertaining to public prayer and worship. T. Warton.

Liturgically

Li*tur"gic*al*ly, adv. In the manner of a liturgy.

Liturgics

Li*tur"gics (?), n. The science of worship; history, doctrine, and interpretation of liturgies.

Liturgiologist

Li*tur`gi*ol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in liturgiology.

Liturgiology

Li*tur`gi*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Liturgy + -logy.] The science treating of liturgical matters; a treatise on, or description of, liturgies. Shipley.

Liturgist

Lit"ur*gist (?), n. One who favors or adheres strictly to a liturgy. Milton.

Liturgy

Lit"ur*gy (?), n.; pl. Liturgies (#). [F. liturgie, LL. liturgia, Gr. Lay, a., and Work.] An established formula for public worship, or the entire ritual for public worship in a church which uses prescribed forms; a formulary for public prayer or devotion. In the Roman Catholic Church it includes all forms and services in any language, in any part of the world, for the celebration of Mass.

Lituus

Lit"u*us (?), n.; pl. Litui (#). [L.]

1. (Rom. Antig.) (a) A curved staff used by the augurs in quartering the heavens. (b) An instrument of martial music; a kind of trumpet of a somewhat curved form and shrill note.

2. (Math.) A spiral whose polar equation is r2θ = a; that is, a curve the square of whose radius vector varies inversely as the angle which the radius vector makes with a given line.

Livable

Liv"a*ble (?), a.

1. Such as can be lived.

2. Such as in pleasant to live in; fit or suitable to live in. [Colloq.]

A more delightful or livable region is not easily to be found. T. Arnold.

Live

Live (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lived (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Living.] [OE. liven, livien, AS. libban, lifian; akin to OS. libbian, D. leven, G. leben, OHG. lebn, Dan. leve, Sw. lefva, Icel. lifa to live, to be left, to remain, Goth. liban to live; akin to E. leave to forsake, and life, Gr. lip to anoint, smear; -- the first sense prob. was, to cleave to, stick to; hence, to remain, stay; and hence, to live.]

1. To be alive; to have life; to have, as an animal or a plant, the capacity of assimilating matter as food, and to be dependent on such assimilation for a continuance of existence; as, animals and plants that live to a great age are long in reaching maturity.

Thus saith the Lord God unto these bones; Behold, I will . . . lay sinews upon you, and will bring up flesh upon you, and cover you with skin, and put breath in you, and ye shall live. Ezek. xxxvii. 5, 6.

2. To pass one's time; to pass life or time in a certain manner, as to habits, conduct, or circumstances; as, to live in ease or affluence; to live happily or usefully.

O death, how bitter is the remembrance of thee to a man that liveth at rest in his possessions! Ecclus. xli. 1.

3. To make one's abiding place or home; to abide; to dwell; to reside.

Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years. Gen. xlvii. 28.

4. To be or continue in existence; to exist; to remain; to be permanent; to last; -- said of inanimate objects, ideas, etc.

Men's evil manners live in brass; their virtues We write in water. Shak.

5. To enjoy or make the most of life; to be in a state of happiness.

What greater curse could envious fortune give Than just to die when I began to live? Dryden.

6. To feed; to subsist; to be nourished or supported; -- with on; as, horses live on grass and grain.

7. To have a spiritual existence; to be quickened, nourished, and actuated by divine influence or faith.

The just shall live by faith. Gal. iii. ll.

8. To be maintained in life; to acquire a livelihood; to subsist; -- with on or by; as, to live on spoils.

Those who live by labor. Sir W. Temple.

9. To outlast danger; to float; -- said of a ship, boat, etc.; as, no ship could live in such a storm.

A strong mast that lived upon the sea. Shak.
To live out, to be at service; to live away from home as a servant. [U. S.] -- To live with. (a) To dwell or to be a lodger with. (b) To cohabit with; to have intercourse with, as male with female.

Live

Live (?), v. t.

1. To spend, as one's life; to pass; to maintain; to continue in, constantly or habitually; as, to live an idle or a useful life.

2. To act habitually in conformity with; to practice.

To live the Gospel. Foxe.
To live down, to live so as to subdue or refute; as, to live down slander.

Live

Live (?), a. [Abbreviated from alive. See Alive, Life.]

1. Having life; alive; living; not dead.

If one man's ox hurt another's, that he die; then they shall sell the live ox, and divide the money of it. Ex. xxi. 35.

2. Being in a state of ignition; burning; having active properties; as, a live coal; live embers. " The live ether." Thomson.

3. Full of earnestness; active; wide awake; glowing; as, a live man, or orator.

4. Vivid; bright. " The live carnation." Thomson.

5. (Engin.) Imparting power; having motion; as, the live spindle of a lathe. <-- 6. (Elec.) connected to a voltage source, as a live wire. 7. (Broadcasting) being transmitted instantaneously, as events occur, in contrast to recorded. 8. (Sport) still in active play -- as a live ball. 9. pertaingin to an entertainment event which was performed (and possibly recorded) in front of an audience; contrasted to performances recorded in a studio without an audience --> Live birth, the condition of being born in such a state that acts of life are manifested after the extrusion of the whole body. Dunglison. -- Live box, a cell for holding living objects under microscopical examination. P. H. Gosse. -- Live feathers, feathers which have been plucked from the living bird, and are therefore stronger and more elastic. -- Live gang. (Sawing) See under Gang. -- Live grass (Bot.), a grass of the genus Eragrostis. -- Live load (Engin.), a suddenly applied load; a varying load; a moving load; as a moving train of cars on a bridge, or wind pressure on a roof. Live oak (Bot.), a species of oak (Quercus virens), growing in the Southern States, of great durability, and highly esteemed for ship timber. In California the Q. chrysolepis and some other species are also called live oaks. -- Live ring (Engin.), a circular train of rollers upon which a swing bridge, or turntable, rests, and which travels around a circular track when the bridge or table turns. -- Live steam , steam direct from the boiler, used for any purpose, in distinction from exhaust steam. -- Live stock, horses, cattle, and other domestic animals kept on a farm. whole body. <-- live wire (a) (Elec.) a wire connected to a power source, having a voltage potential; -- used esp. of a power line with a high potential relative to ground, capable of harming a person who touches it. (b) [MW10] (Fig.) "an alert, active, or aggressive person." -->

Live

Live (?), n. Life. [Obs.] Chaucer. On live, in life; alive. [Obs.] See Alive. Chaucer.

Lived

Lived (?), a. Having life; -- used only in composition; as, long-lived; short-lived.

Live-forever

Live"-for*ev`er (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Sedum Telephium) with fleshy leaves, which has extreme powers of resisting drought; garden ox-pine.

Livelihed

Live"li*hed (?), n. See Livelihood. [Obs.]

Livelihood

Live"li*hood (?), n. [OE. livelode, liflode, prop., course of life, life's support, maintenance, fr. AS. l\'c6f life + l\'bed road, way, maintenance. Confused with livelihood liveliness. See Life, and Lode.] Subsistence or living, as dependent on some means of support; support of life; maintenance.
The opportunities of gaining an honest livelihood. Addison.
It is their profession and livelihood to get their living by practices for which they deserve to forfeit their lives. South.

Livelihood

Live"li*hood, n. [Lively + -hood.] Liveliness; appearance of life. [Obs.] Shak.

Livelily

Live"li*ly, adv. In a lively manner. [Obs.] Lamb.

Liveliness

Live"li*ness, n. [From Lively.]

1. The quality or state of being lively or animated; sprightliness; vivacity; animation; spirit; as, the liveliness of youth, contrasted with the gravity of age. B. Jonson.

2. An appearance of life, animation, or spirit; as, the liveliness of the eye or the countenance in a portrait.

3. Briskness; activity; effervescence, as of liquors. Syn. -- Sprightliness; gayety; animation; vivacity; smartness; briskness; activity. -- Liveliness, Gayety, Animation, Vivacity. Liveliness is an habitual feeling of life and interest; gayety refers more to a temporary excitement of the animal spirits; animation implies a warmth of emotion and a corresponding vividness of expressing it, awakened by the presence of something which strongly affects the mind; vivacity is a feeling between liveliness and animation, having the permanency of the one, and, to some extent, the warmth of the other. Liveliness of imagination; gayety of heart; animation of countenance; vivacity of gesture or conversation.

Livelode

Live"lode` (?), n. [See 1st Livelihood.] Course of life; means of support; livelihood. [Obs.]

Livelong

Live"long` (?), a. [For lifelong. Cf. Lifelong.]

1. Whole; entire; long in passing; -- used of time, as day or night, in adverbial phrases, and usually with a sense of tediousness.

The obscure bird Clamored the livelong night. Shak.
How could she sit the livelong day, Yet never ask us once to play? Swift.

2. Lasting; durable. [Obs.]

Thou hast built thyself a livelong monument. Milton.

Lively

Live"ly (?), a. [Compar. Livelier (?); superl. Liveliest.] [For lifely. Cf. Lifelike.]

1. Endowed with or manifesting life; living.

Chaplets of gold and silver resembling lively flowers and leaves. Holland.

2. Brisk; vivacious; active; as, a lively youth.

But wherefore comes old Manoa in such haste, With youthful steps ? Much livelier than erewhile He seems. Milton.

3. Gay; airy; animated; spirited.

From grave to gay, from lively to severe. Pope.

4. Representing life; lifelike. [Obs.]

I spied the lively picture of my father. Massinger.

5. Bright; vivid; glowing; strong; vigorous.

The colors of the prism are manifestly more full, intense, and lively that those of natural bodies. Sir I. Newton.
His faith must be not only living, but lively too. South.
Lively stones (Script.), saints, as being quickened by the Spirit, and active in holiness. Syn. -- Brisk; vigorous; quick; nimble; smart; active; alert; sprightly; animated; spirited; prompt; earnest; strong; energetic; vivid; vivacious; blithe; gleeful; airy; gay; jocund.

Lively

Live"ly, adv.

1. In a brisk, active, or animated manner; briskly; vigorously. Hayward.

2. With strong resemblance of life. [Obs.]

Thou counterfeitest most lively. Shak.

Liver

Liv"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, lives.

And try if life be worth the liver's care. Prior.

2. A resident; a dweller; as, a liver in Brooklyn.

3. One whose course of life has some marked characteristic (expressed by an adjective); as, a free liver. Fast liver, one who lives in an extravagant and dissipated way. -- Free liver, Good liver, one given to the pleasures of the table. -- Loose liver, a person who lives a somewhat dissolute life.

Liver

Liv"er, n. [AS. lifer; akin to D. liver, G. leber, OHG. lebara, Icel. lifr, Sw. lefver, and perh. to Gr. live, v.] (Anat.) A very large glandular and vascular organ in the visceral cavity of all vertebrates. &hand; Most of the venous blood from the alimentary canal passes through it on its way back to the heart; and it secretes the bile, produces glycogen, and in other ways changes the blood which passes through it. In man it is situated immediately beneath the diaphragm and mainly on the right side. See Bile, Digestive, and Glycogen. The liver of invertebrate animals is usually made up of c\'91cal tubes, and differs materially, in form and function, from that of vertebrates. Floating liver. See Wandering liver, under Wandering. -- Liver of antimony, Liver of sulphur. (Old Chem.) See Hepar. -- Liver brown, Liver color, the color of liver, a dark, reddish brown. -- Liver shark (Zo\'94l.), a very large shark (Cetorhinus maximus), inhabiting the northern coasts both of Europe and North America. It sometimes becomes forty feet in length, being one of the largest sharks known; but it has small simple teeth, and is not dangerous. It is captured for the sake of its liver, which often yields several barrels of oil. It has gill rakers, resembling whalebone, by means of which it separates small animals from the sea water. Called also basking shark, bone shark, hoemother, homer, and sailfish<-- sometimes referred to as 'whale shark', but that name is more commonly used for the Rhincodon typus, which grows even larger -->. -- Liver spots, yellowish brown patches or spots of chloasma.
Page 862

Liver

Liv"er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The glossy ibis (Ibis falcinellus); -- said to have given its name to the city of Liverpool.

Liver-colored

Liv"er-col`ored (?), a. Having a color like liver; dark reddish brown.

Livered

Liv"ered (?), a. Having (such) a liver; used in composition; as, white-livered.

Liver-grown

Liv"er-grown` (?), a. Having an enlarged liver. Dunglison.

Liveried

Liv"er*ied (?), a. Wearing a livery. See Livery, 3.
The liveried servants wait. Parnell.

Livering

Liv"er*ing, n. A kind of pudding or sausage made of liver or pork. [Obs.] Chapman.

Liverleaf

Liv"er*leaf` (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Liverwort.

Liverwort

Liv"er*wort` (?), n. (Bot.)

1. A ranunculaceous plant (Anemone Hepatica) with pretty white or bluish flowers and a three-lobed leaf; -- called also squirrel cups.

2. A flowerless plant (Marchantia polymorpha), having an irregularly lobed, spreading, and forking frond. &hand; From this plant many others of the same order (Hepatic\'91) have been vaguely called liverworts, esp. those of the tribe Marchantiace\'91. See Illust. of Hepatica.

Livery

Liv"er*y (?), n.; pl. Liveries (#). [OE. livere, F. livr\'82e, formerly, a gift of clothes made by the master to his servants, prop., a thing delivered, fr. livrer to deliver, L. liberare to set free, in LL., to deliver up. See Liberate.]

1. (Eng. Law) (a) The act of delivering possession of lands or tenements. (b) The writ by which possession is obtained. &hand; It is usual to say, livery of seizin, which is a feudal investiture, made by the delivery of a turf, of a rod, or twig, from the feoffor to the feoffee. In the United States, and now in Great Britain, no such ceremony is necessary, the delivery of a deed being sufficient.

2. Release from wardship; deliverance.

It concerned them first to sue out their livery from the unjust wardship of his encroaching prerogative. Milton.

3. That which is delivered out statedly or formally, as clothing, food, etc.; especially: (a) The uniform clothing issued by feudal superiors to their retainers and serving as a badge when in military service. (b) The peculiar dress by which the servants of a nobleman or gentleman are distinguished; as, a claret-colored livery. (c) Hence, also, the peculiar dress or garb appropriated by any association or body of persons to their own use; as, the livery of the London tradesmen, of a priest, of a charity school, etc.; also, the whole body or company of persons wearing such a garb, and entitled to the privileges of the association; as, the whole livery of London.

A Haberdasher and a Carpenter, A Webbe, a Dyer, and a Tapicer, And they were clothed all in one livery Of a solempne and a gret fraternite. Chaucer.
From the periodical deliveries of these characteristic articles of servile costume (blue coats) came our word livery. De Quincey.
(d) Hence, any characteristic dress or outward appearance. " April's livery." Sir P. Sidney.
Now came still evening on, and twilight gray Had in her sober livery all things clad. Milton.
(e) An allowance of food statedly given out; a ration, as to a family, to servants, to horses, etc.
The emperor's officers every night went through the town from house to house whereat any English gentleman did repast or lodge, and served their liveries for all night: first, the officers brought into the house a cast of fine manchet [white bread], and of silver two great post, and white wine, and sugar. Cavendish.
(f) The feeding, stabling, and care of horses for compensation; boarding; as, to keep one's horses at livery.
What livery is, we by common use in England know well enough, namely, that is, allowance of horse meat, as to keep horses at livery, the which word, I guess, is derived of livering or delivering forth their nightly food. Spenser.
It need hardly be observed that the explanation of livery which Spenser offers is perfectly correct, but . . . it is no longer applied to the ration or stated portion of food delivered at stated periods. Trench.
(g) The keeping of horses in readiness to be hired temporarily for riding or driving; the state of being so kept.
Pegasus does not stand at livery even at the largest establishment in Moorfields. Lowell.

4. A low grade of wool. Livery gown, the gown worn by a liveryman in London.

Livery

Liv"er*y, v. t. To clothe in, or as in, livery. Shak.

Liveryman

Liv"er*y*man (?), n.; pl. Liverymen (.

1. One who wears a livery, as a servant.

2. A freeman of the city, in London, who, having paid certain fees, is entitled to wear the distinguishing dress or livery of the company to which he belongs, and also to enjoy certain other privileges, as the right of voting in an election for the lord mayor, sheriffs, chamberlain, etc.

3. One who keeps a livery stable.

Livery stable

Liv"er*y sta`ble (?). A stable where horses are kept for hire, and where stabling is provided. See Livery, n., 3 (e) (f) & (g).

Lives

Lives (?), n.; pl. of Life.

Lives

Lives (?), a. & adv. [Orig. a genitive sing. of life.] Alive; living; with life. [Obs.] " Any lives creature." Chaucer.

Livid

Liv"id (?), a. [L. lividus, from livere to be of a blush color, to be black and blue: cf. F. livide.] Black and blue; grayish blue; of a lead color; discolored, as flesh by contusion. Cowper.
There followed no carbuncles, no purple or livid spots, the mass of the blood not being tainted. Bacon.

Lividity

Li*vid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. lividit\'82.] The state or quality of being livid.

Lividness

Liv"id*ness (?), n. Lividity. Walpole.

Laving

Lav"ing (?), a. [From Live, v. i.]

1. Being alive; having life; as, a living creature.

2. Active; lively; vigorous; -- said esp. of states of the mind , and sometimes of abstract things; as, a living faith; a living principle. " Living hope. " Wyclif.

3. Issuing continually from the earth; running; flowing; as, a living spring; -- opposed to stagnant.

4. Producing life, action, animation, or vigor; quickening. " Living light." Shak.

5. Ignited; glowing with heat; burning; live.

Then on the living coals wine they pour. Dryden.
Living force. See Vis viva, under Vis. -- Living gale (Naut.), a heavy gale. Living rock ∨ stone, rock in its native or original state or location; rock not quarried. " I now found myself on a rude and narrow stairway, the steps of which were cut of the living rock." Moore. -- The living, those who are alive, or one who is alive.

Living

Liv"ing, n.

1. The state of one who, or that which, lives; lives; life; existence. "Health and living." Shak.

2. Manner of life; as, riotous living; penurious living; earnest living. " A vicious living." Chaucer.

3. Means of subsistence; sustenance; estate.

She can spin for her living. Shak.
He divided unto them his living. Luke xv. 12.

4. Power of continuing life; the act of living, or living comfortably.

There is no living without trusting somebody or other in some cases. L' Estrange.

5. The benefice of a clergyman; an ecclesiastical charge which a minister receives. [Eng.]

He could not get a deanery, a prebend, or even a living Macaulay.
Livng room, the room most used by the family.

Livingly

Liv"ing*ly, adv. In a living state. Sir T. Browne.

Livingness

Liv"ing*ness, n. The state or quality of being alive; possession of energy or vigor; animation; quickening.

Livonian

Li*vo"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Livonia, a district of Russia near the Baltic Sea.

Livinian

Li*vi"ni*an, n. A native or an inhabitant of Livonia; the language (allied to the Finnish) of the Livonians.

Livor

Li"vor (?), n. [L.] Malignity. [P.] Burton.

Livraison

Li`vrai`son" (?), n. [F., fr. L. liberatio a setting free, in LL., a delivering up. See Liberation.] A part of a book or literary composition printed and delivered by itself; a number; a part.

Livre

Li"vre (?), n. [F., fr. L. libra a pound of twelve ounces. Cf. Lira.] A French money of account, afterward a silver coin equal to 20 sous. It is not now in use, having been superseded by the franc.

Lixivial

Lix*iv"i*al (?), a. [L. lixivius, fr. lix ashes, lye ashes, lye: cf. F. lixiviel.]

1. Impregnated with, or consisting of, alkaline salts extracted from wood ashes; impregnated with a salt or salts like a lixivium. Boyle.

2. Of the color of lye; resembling lye.

3. Having the qualities of alkaline salts extracted from wood ashes. Lixivial salts (Old Chem.), salts which are obtained by passing water through ashes, or by pouring it on them.

Lixiviate, Lixivited

Lix*iv"i*ate (?), Lix*iv"i*`ted (?), a. [From Lixivium.]

1. Of or pertaining to lye or lixivium; of the quality of alkaline salts.

2. Impregnated with salts from wood ashes. Boyle.

Lixiviate

Lix*iv"i*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lixiviated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lixiviating (?).] To subject to a washing process for the purpose of separating soluble material from that which is insoluble; to leach, as ashes, for the purpose of extracting the alkaline substances.

Lixiviation

Lix*iv`i*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. lixiviation.] Lixiviating; the process of separating a soluble substance form one that is insoluble, by washing with some solvent, as water; leaching.

Lixivious

Lix*iv"i*ous (?), a. See Lixivial.

Lixivium

Lix*iv"i*um (?), n. [L. lixivium, lixivia. See Lixivial.] A solution of alkaline salts extracted from wood ashes; hence, any solution obtained by lixiviation.

Lixt

Lixt (?), obs. 2d pers. sing. pres. of Lige, to lie, to tell lies, -- contracted for ligest. Chaucer.

Liza

Li"za (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The American white mullet (Mugil curema).

Lizard

Liz"ard (?), n. [OE. lesarde, OF. lesarde, F. l\'82zard, L. lacerta, lacertus. Cf. Alligator, Lacerta.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the numerous species of reptiles belonging to the order Lacertilia; sometimes, also applied to reptiles of other orders, as the Hatteria. &hand; Most lizards have an elongated body, with four legs, and a long tail; but there are some without legs, and some with a short, thick tail. Most have scales, but some are naked; most have eyelids, but some do not. The tongue is varied in form and structure. In some it is forked, in others, as the chameleons, club-shaped, and very extensible. See Amphisb\'91na, Chameleon, Gecko, Gila monster, Horned toad, Iguana, and Dragon, 6.

2. (Naut.) A piece of rope with thimble or block spliced into one or both of the ends. R. H. Dana, Ir.

3. A piece of timber with a forked end, used in dragging a heavy stone, a log, or the like, from a field. Lizard fish (Zo\'94l.), a marine scopeloid fish of the genus Synodus, or Saurus, esp. S. f\'d2tens of the Southern United States and West Indies; -- called also sand pike. -- Lizard snake (Zo\'94l.), the garter snake (Eut\'91nia sirtalis). -- Lizard stone (Min.), a kind of serpentine from near Lizard Point, Cornwall, England, -- used for ornamental purposes.

Lizard's tail

Liz"ard's tail` (?). (Bot.) A perennial plant of the genus Saururus (S. cernuus), growing in marshes, and having white flowers crowded in a slender terminal spike, somewhat resembling in form a lizard's tail; whence the name. Gray.

Llama

Lla"ma, n. [Peruv.] (Zo\'94l.) A South American ruminant (Auchenia llama), allied to the camels, but much smaller and without a hump. It is supposed to be a domesticated variety of the guanaco. It was formerly much used as a beast of burden in the Andes.

Llandeilo group

Llan*dei"lo group`. (Geol.) A series of strata in the lower Silurian formations of Great Britain; -- so named from Llandeilo in Southern Wales. See Chart of Geology.

Llanero

Lla*ne"ro (?), n. [Sp. Amer.] One of the inhabitants of the llanos of South America.

Llano

Lla"no (?), n.; pl. Llanos (#). [Sp., plain even, level. See Plain.] An extensive plain with or without vegetation. [Spanish America]

Lloyd's

Lloyd's (?), n.

1. An association of underwriters and others in London, for the collection and diffusion of marine intelligence, the insurance, classification, registration, and certifying of vessels, and the transaction of business of various kinds connected with shipping.

2. A part of the Royal Exchange, in London, appropriated to the use of underwriters and insurance brokers; -- called also Lloyd's Rooms. &hand; The name is derived from Lloyd's Coffee House, in Lombard Street, where there were formerly rooms for the same purpose. The name Lloyd or Lloyd's has been taken by several associations, in different parts of Europe, established for purposes similar to those of the original association. Lloyd's agents, persons employed in various parts of the world, by the association called Lloyd's, to serve its interests. -- Lloyd's list, a publication of the latest news respecting shipping matters, with lists of vessels, etc., made under the direction of Lloyd's. Brande & C. -- Lloyd's register, a register of vessels rated according to their quality, published yearly.

Lo

Lo (?), interj. [OE. lo, low; perh. akin to E. look, v.] Look; see; behold; observe. " Lo, here is Christ." Matt. xxiv. 23. " Lo, we turn to the Gentiles." Acts xiii. 46.

Loach

Loach (?), n. [OE. loche, F. loche.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several small, fresh-water, cyprinoid fishes of the genera Cobitis, Nemachilus, and allied genera, having six or more barbules around the mouth. They are found in Europe and Asia. The common European species (N. barbatulus) is used as a food fish.

Load

Load (?), n. [OE. lode load, way; properly the same word as lode, but confused with lade, load, v. See Lade, Lead, v., Lode.]

1. A burden; that which is laid on or put in anything for conveyance; that which is borne or sustained; a weight; as, a heavy load.

He might such a load To town with his ass carry. Gower.

2. The quantity which can be carried or drawn in some specified way; the contents of a cart, barrow, or vessel; that which will constitute a cargo; lading.

3. That which burdens, oppresses, or grieves the mind or spirits; as, a load of care. " A . . . load of guilt." Ray. " Our life's a load." Dryden.

4. A particular measure for certain articles, being as much as may be carried at one time by the conveyance commonly used for the article measured; as, a load of wood; a load of hay; specifically, five quarters.

5. The charge of a firearm; as, a load of powder.

6. Weight or violence of blows. [Obs.] Milton.

7. (Mach.) The work done by a steam engine or other prime mover when working. Load line, ∨ Load water line (Naut.), the line on the outside of a vessel indicating the depth to which it sinks in the water when loaded. Syn. -- Burden; lading; weight; cargo. See Burden.

Load

Load, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Loaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Loading. Loaden is obsolete, and laden belongs to lade.]

1. To lay a load or burden on or in, as on a horse or in a cart; to charge with a load, as a gun; to furnish with a lading or cargo, as a ship; hence, to add weight to, so as to oppress or embarrass; to heap upon.

I strive all in vain to load the cart. Gascoigne.
I have loaden me with many spoils. Shak.
Those honors deep and broad, wherewith Your majesty loads our house. Shak.

Page 863

2. To adulterate or drug; as, to load wine. [Cant]

3. To magnetize.[Obs.] Prior. Loaded dice, dice with one side made heavier than the others, so that the number on the opposite side will come up oftenest.

Loader

Load"er (?), n. One who, or that which, loads; a mechanical contrivance for loading, as a gun.

Loading

Load"ing, n.

1. The act of putting a load on or into.

2. A load; cargo; burden. Shak.

Loadmanage, Lodemanage

Load"man*age, Lode"man*age (?), n. Pilotage; skill of a pilot or loadsman. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Loadsman, Lodesman

Loads"man, Lodes"man (?), n. [Load, lode + man. See Lode.] A pilot. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Loadstar, Lodestar

Load"star`, Lode"star` (?), n. [Load, lode + star. See Lode.] A star that leads; a guiding star; esp., the polestar; the cynosure. Chaucer. " Your eyes are lodestars." Shak.
The pilot can no loadstar see. Spenser.

Loadstone, Lodestone

Load"stone`, Lode"stone (?), n. [Load, lode + stone.] (Min.) A piece of magnetic iron ore possessing polarity like a magnetic needle. See Magnetite.

Loaf

Loaf (?), n.; pl. Loaves (#). [OE. lof, laf, AS. hl\'bef; akin to G. laib, OHG. hleip, Icel. hleifr, Goth. hlaifs, Russ. khlieb', Lith. kl\'89pas. Cf. Lady, Lammas, Lord.] Any thick lump, mass, or cake; especially, a large regularly shaped or molded mass, as of bread, sugar, or cake. Bacon. Loaf sugar, refined sugar that has been formed into a conical loaf in a mold.

Loaf

Loaf, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Loafed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loafing.] [G. laufen to run, Prov. G. loofen. See Leap.] To spend time in idleness; to lounge or loiter about. " Loafing vagabonds." W. Black.

Loaf

Loaf, v. t. To spend in idleness; -- with away; as, to loaf time away.

Loafer

Loaf"er (?), n. [G. l\'84ufer a runner, Prov. G. laufer, lofer, fr. laufen to run. See Leap.] One who loafs; a lazy lounger. Lowell.

Loam

Loam (?), n. [AS. l\'bem; akin to D. leem, G. lehm, and E. lime. See 4th Lime.]

1. A kind of soil; an earthy mixture of clay and sand, with organic matter to which its fertility is chiefly due.

We wash a wall of loam; we labor in vain. Hooker.

2. (Founding) A mixture of sand, clay, and other materials, used in making molds for large castings, often without a pattern. Loam mold (Founding), a mold made with loam. See Loam, n., 2. -- Loam molding, the process or business of making loam molds. Loam plate, an iron plate upon which a section of a loam mold rests, or from which it is suspended. -- Loam work, loam molding or loam molds.

Loam

Loam, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Loamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loaming.] To cover, smear, or fill with loam.

Loamy

Loam"y (?), a. Consisting of loam; partaking of the nature of loam; resembling loam. Bacon.

Loan

Loan (?), n. [See Lawn.] A loanin. [Scot.]

Loan

Loan, n. [OE. lone, lane, AS. l\'ben, l\'91n, fr. le\'a2n to lend; akin to D. leen loan, fief, G. lehen fief, Icel. l\'ben, G. leihen to lend, OHG. l\'c6han, Icel. lj\'c6, Goth. leihwan, L. linquere to leave, Gr. ric. Delinquent, Eclipse, Eleven, Ellipse, Lend, License, Relic.]

1. The act of lending; a lending; permission to use; as, the loan of a book, money, services.

2. That which one lends or borrows, esp. a sum of money lent at interest; as, he repaid the loan. Loan office. (a) An office at which loans are negotiated, or at which the accounts of loans are kept, and the interest paid to the lender. (b) A pawnbroker's shop.

Loan

Loan, n. t. [imp. & p. p. Loaned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loaning.] To lend; -- sometimes with out. Kent.
By way of location or loaning them out. J. Langley (1644).

Loanable

Loan"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be lent; available for lending; as, loanable funds; -- used mostly in financial business and writings.

Loanin, Loaning

Loan"in (?), Loan"ing, n. [From Scotch loan, E. lawn.] An open space between cultivated fields through which cattle are driven, and where the cows are sometimes milked; also, a lane. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Loanmonger

Loan"mon`ger (?), n. A dealer in, or negotiator of, loans.
The millions of the loanmonger. Beaconsfield.

Loath

Loath (?), a. [OE. looth, loth, AS. l\'be hostile, odious; akin to OS. l, G. leid, Icel. lei, Sw. led, G. leiden to suffer, OHG. l\'c6dan to suffer, go, cf. AS. l\'c6 to go, Goth. leipan, and E. lead to guide.]

1. Hateful; odious; disliked. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Filled with disgust or aversion; averse; unwilling; reluctant; as, loath to part.

Full loth were him to curse for his tithes. Chaucer
.
Why, then, though loath, yet must I be content. Shak.

Loathe

Loathe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Loathed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loathing.] [AS. l\'be to hate. See Loath.]

1. To feel extreme disgust at, or aversion for.

Loathing the honeyed cakes, I Ionged for bread. Cowley.

2. To dislike greatly; to abhor; to hate.

The secret which I loathe. Waller.
She loathes the vital sir. Dryden.
Syn. -- To hate; abhor; detest; abominate. See Hate.

Loathe

Loathe, v. i. To feel disgust or nausea. [Obs.]

Loather

Loath"er (?), n. One who loathes.

Loathful

Loath"ful (?), a.

1. Full of loathing; hating; abhorring. "Loathful eyes." Spenser.

2. Causing a feeling of loathing; disgusting.

Above the reach of loathful, sinful lust. Spenser.

Loathing

Loath"ing, n. Extreme disgust; a feeling of aversion, nausea, abhorrence, or detestation.
The mutual fear and loathing of the hostile races. Macaulay.

Loathingly

Loath"ing*ly, adv. With loathing.

Loathliness

Loath"li*ness (?), n. Loathsomeness. [Obs.]

Loathly

Loath"ly (?), a. [AS. l\'be.] Loathsome. [Obs.] " Loathly mouth." Spenser.

Loathly

Loath"ly (?), adv.

1. Unwillingly; reluctantly.

This shows that you from nature loathly stray. Donne.

2. ( [Obs.]

With dust and blood his locks were loathly dight. Fairfax.

Loathness

Loath"ness (?), n. Unwillingness; reluctance.
A general silence and loathness to speak. Bacon.

Loathsome

Loath"some (?), a. Fitted to cause loathing; exciting disgust; disgusting.
The most loathsome and deadly forms of infection. Macaulay.
-- Loath"some*ly. adv. -- Loath"some*ness, n.

Loathy

Loath"y (?), a. Loathsome. [Obs.] Spenser.

Loaves

Loaves (?), n.; pl. of Loaf.

Lob

Lob (?), n. [W. llob an unwieldy lump, a dull fellow, a blockhead. Cf. Looby, Lubber.]

1. A dull, heavy person. " Country lobs." Gauden.

2. Something thick and heavy.

Lob

Lob, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lobbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lobbing.] To let fall heavily or lazily.
And their poor jades Lob down their heads. Shak.
To lob a ball (Lawn Tennis), to strike a ball so as to send it up into the air. <-- to propel (relatively slowly) in a high arcing trajectory -->

Lob

Lob, v. t. (Mining) See Cob, v. t.

Lob

Lob, n. [Dan. lubbe.] (Zo\'94l.) The European pollock.

Lobar

Lo"bar (?), a. Of or pertaining to a lobe; characterized by, or like, a lobe or lobes.

Lobate, Lobated

Lo"bate (?), Lo"ba*ted (?), a. [See Lobe.]

1. (Bot.) Consisting of, or having, lobes; lobed; as, a lobate leaf.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Having lobes; -- said of the tails of certain fishes having the integument continued to the bases of the fin rays. (b) Furnished with membranous flaps, as the toes of a coot. See Illust. (m) under Aves.

Lobately

Lo"bate*ly (?), adv. As a lobe; so as to make a lobe; in a lobate manner.

Lobbish

Lob"bish (?), a. Like a lob; consisting of lobs. Sir. P. Sidney.

Lobby

Lob"by (?), n.; pl. Lobbies (#). [LL. lobium, lobia, laubia, a covered portico fit for walking, fr. OHG.louba, G. laube, arbor. See Lodge.]

1. (Arch.) A passage or hall of communication, especially when large enough to serve also as a waiting room. It differs from an antechamber in that a lobby communicates between several rooms, an antechamber to one only; but this distinction is not carefully preserved.

2. That part of a hall of legislation not appropriated to the official use of the assembly; hence, the persons, collectively, who frequent such a place to transact business with the legislators; any persons, not members of a legislative body, who strive to influence its proceedings by personal agency<-- = lobbyist -->. [U.S.]

3. (Naut.) An apartment or passageway in the fore part of an old-fashioned cabin under the quarter-deck.

4. (Agric.) A confined place for cattle, formed by hedges. trees, or other fencing, near the farmyard. Lobby member, a lobbyist. [Humorous cant, U. S.]

Lobby

Lob"by, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lobbied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lobbying.] To address or solicit members of a legislative body in the lobby or elsewhere, with the purpose to influence their votes.[U.S.] Bartlett.

Lobby

Lob"by, v. t. To urge the adoption or passage of by soliciting members of a legislative body; as, to lobby a bill. [U.S.]

Lobbyist

Lob"by*ist, n. A member of the lobby; a person who solicits members of a legislature for the purpose of influencing legislation. [U.S.]

Lobcock

Lob"cock` (?), n. A dull, sluggish person; a lubber; a lob. [Low]

Lobe

Lobe (?), n. [F. lobe, Gr. Any projection or division, especially one of a somewhat rounded form; as: (a) (Bot.) A rounded projection or division of a leaf. Gray. (b)(Zo\'94l.) A membranous flap on the sides of the toes of certain birds, as the coot. (c) (Anat.) A round projecting part of an organ, as of the liver, lungs, brain, etc. See Illust. of Brain. (b) (Mach.) The projecting part of a cam wheel or of a non-circular gear wheel. Lobe of the ear, the soft, fleshy prominence in which the human ear terminates below. See. Illust. of Ear.<-- = earlobe -->

Lobed

Lobed (?), a. Having lobes; lobate.

Lobefoot

Lobe"foot` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A bird having lobate toes; esp., a phalarope.

Lobe-footed

Lobe"-foot`ed, a. (Zo\'94l.) Lobiped.

Lobelet

Lobe"let (?), n. (Bot.) A small lobe; a lobule.

Lobelia

Lo*be"li*a (?; 106), n. [NL. So called from Lobel, botanist to King James I.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, including a great number of species. Lobelia inflata, or Indian tobacco, is an annual plant of North America, whose leaves contain a poisonous white viscid juice, of an acrid taste. It has often been used in medicine as an emetic, expectorant, etc. L. cardinalis is the cardinal flower, remarkable for the deep and vivid red color of its flowers.

Lobeliaceous

Lo*be`li*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants of which the genus Lobelia is the type.

Lobelin

Lo*be"lin (?), n. (Med.) A yellowish green resin from Lobelia, used as an emetic and diaphoretic.

Lobeline

Lo*be"line (?), n. (Chem.) A poisonous narcotic alkaloid extracted from the leaves of Indian tobacco (Lobelia inflata) as a yellow oil, having a tobaccolike taste and odor.

Lobiped

Lo"bi*ped, a. [Lobe + L. pes, pedis, foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Having lobate toes, as a coot.

Loblolly

Lob"lol`ly (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] Gruel; porridge; -- so called among seamen. Loblolly bay (Bot.), an elegant white-flowered evergreen shrub or small tree, of the genus Gordonia (G. Lasianthus), growing in the maritime parts of the Southern United States. Its bark is sometimes used in tanning. Also, a similar West Indian tree (Laplacea h\'91matoxylon). -- Loblolly boy, a surgeon's attendant on shipboard. Smollett. -- Loblolly pine (Bot.), a kind of pitch pine found from Delaware southward along the coast; old field pine (Pinus T\'91da). Also, P. Bahamensis, of the West Indies. -- Loblolly tree (Bot.), a name of several West Indian trees, having more or less leathery foliage, but alike in no other respect; as Pisonia subcordata, Cordia alba, and Cupania glabra.

Lobosa

Lo*bo"sa (?), n. pl. [NL. See Lobe.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Rhizopoda, in which the pseudopodia are thick and irregular in form, as in the Am\'d2ba.

Lobscouse

Lob"scouse` (?), n. [Written also lobscourse from which lobscouse is corrupted.] [Lob + course.] (Naut.) A combination of meat with vegetables, bread, etc., usually stewed, sometimes baked; an olio.

Lobsided

Lob"sid`ed (?), a. See Lopsided.

Lobspound

Lobs"pound` (?), n. [Lob + pound a prison.] A prison. [Obs.] Hudibras.

Lobster

Lob"ster (?), n. [AS. loppestre, lopystre prob., corrupted fr. L. locusta a marine shellfish, a kind of lobster, a locust. Cf. Locust.] (Zo\'94l.) Any large macrurous crustacean used as food, esp. those of the genus Homarus; as the American lobster (H. Americanus), and the European lobster (H. vulgaris). The Norwegian lobster (Nephrops Norvegicus) is similar in form. All these have a pair of large unequal claws. The spiny lobsters of more southern waters, belonging to Palinurus, Panulirus, and allied genera, have no large claws. The fresh-water crayfishes are sometimes called lobsters. Lobster caterpillar (Zo\'94l.), the caterpillar of a European bombycid moth (Stauropus fagi); -- so called from its form. Lobster louse (Zo\'94l.), a copepod crustacean (Nicotho\'89 astaci) parasitic on the gills of the European lobster.

Lobular

Lob"u*lar, a. [Cf. F. lobulaire.] Like a lobule; pertaining to a lobule or lobules.

Lobulate, Lobulated

Lob"u*late (?), Lob"u*la`ted (?), a. Made up of, or divided into, lobules; as, a lobulated gland.

Lobule

Lob"ule, n. [Cf. F. lobule, dim. of lobe. See Lobe.] A small lobe; a subdivision of a lobe. Lobule of the ear. (Anat.) Same as Lobe of the ear.

Lobulette

Lob`u*lette" (?), n. [Dim. of lobule.] (Anat.) A little lobule, or subdivision of a lobule.

Lobworm

Lob"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The lugworm.

Local

Lo"cal (?), a. [L. localis, fr. locus place: cf. F. local. See Lieu, Locus.] Of or pertaining to a particular place, or to a definite region or portion of space; restricted to one place or region; as, a local custom.
Gives to airy nothing A local habitation and a name. Shak.
Local actions (Law), actions such as must be brought in a particular county, where the cause arises; -- distinguished from transitory actions. -- Local affection (Med.), a disease or ailment confined to a particular part or organ, and not directly affecting the system. -- Local attraction (Magnetism), an attraction near a compass, causing its needle to deviate from its proper direction, especially on shipboard. -- Local battery (Teleg.), the battery which actuates the recording instruments of a telegraphic station, as distinguished from the battery furnishing a current for the line. -- Local circuit (Teleg.), the circuit of the local battery. -- Local color. (a) (Paint.) The color which belongs to an object, and is not caused by accidental influences, as of reflection, shadow, etc. (b) (Literature) Peculiarities of the place and its inhabitants where the scene of an action or story is laid. -- Local option, the right or obligation of determining by popular vote within certain districts, as in each county, city, or town, whether the sale of alcoholic beverages within the district shall be allowed.

Local

Lo"cal, n.

1. (Railroad) A train which receives and deposits passengers or freight along the line of the road; a train for the accommodation of a certain district. [U.S.] <-- a train or bus which stops at all stations along a line, as contrasted with an express, which stops only at certain stations designated as express stops -->

2. On newspaper cant, an item of news relating to the place where the paper is published. [U.S.]

Locale

Lo`cale" (?), n. [F. local.]

1. A place, spot, or location.

2. A principle, practice, form of speech, or other thing of local use, or limited to a locality.

Localism

Lo"cal*ism (?), n.

1. The state or quality of being local; affection for a particular place.

2. A method of speaking or acting peculiar to a certain district; a local idiom or phrase.

Locality

Lo*cal"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Localitiees (. [L. localitas: cf. F. localit\'82.]

1. The state, or condition, of belonging to a definite place, or of being contained within definite limits.

It is thought that the soul and angels are devoid of quantity and dimension, and that they have nothing to do with grosser locality. Glanvill.

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2. Position; situation; a place; a spot; esp., a geographical place or situation, as of a mineral or plant.

3. Limitation to a county, district, or place; as, locality of trial. Blackstone.

4. (Phren.) The perceptive faculty concerned with the ability to remember the relative positions of places.

Localization

Lo`cal*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. localisation.] Act of localizing, or state of being localized. Cerebral localization (Physiol.), the localization of the control of special functions, as of sight or of the various movements of the body, in special regions of the brain.

Localize

Lo"cal*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Localized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Localizing (?).] [Cf. F. localiser. See Local.] To make local; to fix in, or assign to, a definite place. H. Spencer. Wordsworth.

Locally

Lo"cal*ly, adv. With respect to place; in place; as, to be locally separated or distant.

Locate

Lo"cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Located (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Locating.] [L. locatus, p. p. of locare to place, fr. locus place. See Local.]

1. To place; to set in a particular spot or position.

The captives and emigrants whom he brought with him were located in the trans-Tiberine quarter. B. F. Westcott.

2. To designate the site or place of; to define the limits of; as, to locate a public building; to locate a mining claim; to locate (the land granted by) a land warrant.

That part of the body in which the sense of touch is located. H. Spencer.

Locate

Lo"cate, v. i. To place one's self; to take up one's residence; to settle. [Colloq.]

Location

Lo*ca"tion (?), n. [L. locatio, fr. locare.]

1. The act or process of locating.

2. Situation; place; locality. Locke.

3. That which is located; a tract of land designated in place. [U.S.]

4. (Law) (a) (Civil Law) A leasing on rent. (b) (Scots Law) A contract for the use of a thing, or service of a person, for hire. Wharton. (c) (Amer. Law) The marking out of the boundaries, or identifying the place or site of, a piece of land, according to the description given in an entry, plan, map, etc. Burrill. Bouvier.

Locative

Loc"a*tive (?), a. (Gram.) Indicating place, or the place where, or wherein; as, a locative adjective; locative case of a noun. -- n. The locative case.

Locator

Lo"ca*tor (?), n. One who locates, or is entitled to locate, land or a mining claim. [U.S.]

Locellate

Lo*cel"late (?), a. [L. locellus a compartment, dim. of locus a place.] (Bot.) Divided into secondary compartments or cells, as where one cavity is separated into several smaller ones.

Loch

Loch (?), n. [Gael. & Olr. loch. See Lake of water.] A lake; a bay or arm of the sea. [Scot.]

Loch

Loch (?), n. [F. looch, Ar. la', an electuary, or any medicine which may be licked or sucked, fr. la' to lick.] (Med.) A kind of medicine to be taken by licking with the tongue; a lambative; a lincture.

Lochaber ax, Lochaber axe

Loch*a"ber ax", Loch*a"ber axe" (?). [So called from Lochaber, in Scotland.] A weapon of war, consisting of a pole armed with an axhead at its end, formerly used by the Scotch Highlanders.

Lochage

Loch"age (?), n. [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) An officer who commanded a company; a captain. Mitford.

Lochan

Loch"an (?), n. [Gael. See 1st Loch.] A small lake; a pond. [Scot.]
A pond or lochan rather than a lake. H. Miller.

Loche

Loche (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Loach.

Lochia

Lo*chi"a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) The discharge from the womb and vagina which follows childbirth.

Lochial

Lo"chi*al (?), a. [Cf. F. lochial.] Of or pertaining to the lochia.

Lock

Lock (?), n. [AS. locc; akin to D. lok, G. locke, OHG. loc, Icel. lokkr, and perh. to Gr. A tuft of hair; a flock or small quantity of wool, hay, or other like substance; a tress or ringlet of hair.
These gray locks, the pursuivants of death. Shak.

Lock

Lock, n. [AS. loc inclosure, an inclosed place, the fastening of a door, fr. l&umac;can to lock, fasten; akin to OS. l&umac;kan (in comp.), D. luiken, OHG. l&umac;hhan, Icel. l, Goth. l&umac;kan (in comp.); cf. Skr. ruj to break. Cf. Locket.]

1. Anything that fastens; specifically, a fastening, as for a door, a lid, a trunk, a drawer, and the like, in which a bolt is moved by a key so as to hold or to release the thing fastened.

2. A fastening together or interlacing; a closing of one thing upon another; a state of being fixed or immovable.

Albemarle Street closed by a lock of carriages. De Quincey.

3. A place from which egress is prevented, as by a lock. Dryden.

4. The barrier or works which confine the water of a stream or canal.

5. An inclosure in a canal with gates at each end, used in raising or lowering boats as they pass from one level to another; -- called also lift lock.

6. That part or apparatus of a firearm by which the charge is exploded; as, a matchlock, flintlock, percussion lock, etc.

7. A device for keeping a wheel from turning.

8. A grapple in wrestling. Milton. Detector lock, a lock containing a contrivance for showing whether it as has been tampered with. -- Lock bay (Canals), the body of water in a lock chamber. -- Lock chamber, the inclosed space between the gates of a canal lock. -- Lock nut. See Check nut, under Check. -- Lock plate, a plate to which the mechanism of a gunlock is attached. -- Lock rail (Arch.), in ordinary paneled doors, the rail nearest the lock. Lock rand (Masonry), a range of bond stone. Knight. -- Mortise lock, a door lock inserted in a mortise. -- Rim lock, a lock fastened to the face of a door, thus differing from a mortise lock.

Lock

Lock, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Locked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Locking.]

1. To fasten with a lock, or as with a lock; to make fast; to prevent free movement of; as, to lock a door, a carriage wheel, a river, etc.

2. To prevent ingress or access to, or exit from, by fastening the lock or locks of; -- often with up; as, to lock or lock up, a house, jail, room, trunk. etc.

3. To fasten in or out, or to make secure by means of, or as with, locks; to confine, or to shut in or out -- often with up; as, to lock one's self in a room; to lock up the prisoners; to lock up one's silver; to lock intruders out of the house; to lock money into a vault; to lock a child in one's arms; to lock a secret in one's breast.

4. To link together; to clasp closely; as, to lock arms. " Lock hand in hand." Shak.

5. (Canals) To furnish with locks; also, to raise or lower (a boat) in a lock.

6. (Fencing) To seize, as the sword arm of an antagonist, by turning the left arm around it, to disarm him.

Lock

Lock (?), v. i. To become fast, as by means of a lock or by interlacing; as, the door locks close.
When it locked none might through it pass. Spenser.
To lock into, to fit or slide into; as, they lock into each other. Boyle.

Lockage

Lock"age (?), n.

1. Materials for locks in a canal, or the works forming a lock or locks.

2. Toll paid for passing the locks of a canal.

3. Amount of elevation and descent made by the locks of a canal.

The entire lock will be about fifty feet. De Witt Clinton.

Lock-down

Lock"-down` (?), n. A contrivance to fasten logs together in rafting; -- used by lumbermen. [U.S.]

Locked-jaw

Locked"-jaw` (?), n. See Lockjaw.

Locken

Lock"en (?), obs. p. p. of Lock. Chaucer.

Locken

Lock"en, n. (Bot.) The globeflower (Trollius).

Locker

Lock"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, locks.

2. A drawer, cupboard, compartment, or chest, esp. one in a ship, that may be closed with a lock. Chain locker (Naut.), a compartment in the hold of a vessel, for holding the chain cables. -- Davy Jones's locker, ∨ Davy's locker. See Davy Jones. -- Shot locker, a compartment where shot are deposited. Totten.

Locket

Lock"et (?), n. [F. loquet latch, dim. of OF. loc latch, lock; of German origin. See Lock a fastening.]

1. A small lock; a catch or spring to fasten a necklace or other ornament.

2. A little case for holding a miniature or lock of hair, usually suspended from a necklace or watch chain.

Lock hospital

Lock" hos"pi*tal (?). A hospital for the treatment of venereal diseases. [Eng.]

Lockjaw

Lock"jaw` (?), n. (Med.) A contraction of the muscles of the jaw by which its motion is suspended; a variety of tetanus.

Lockless

Lock"less, a. Destitute of a lock.

Lockman

Lock"man (?), n. A public executioner. [Scot.]

Lockout

Lock"out` (?), n. The closing of a factory or workshop by an employer, usually in order to bring the workmen to satisfactory terms by a suspension of wages.

Lockram

Lock"ram (?), n. [F. locrenan, locronan; from Locronan, in Brittany, where it is said to have been made.] A kind of linen cloth anciently used in England, originally imported from Brittany. Shak.

Locksmith

Lock"smith` (?), n. An artificer whose occupation is to make or mend locks.

Lock step

Lock" step` (?). A mode of marching by a body of men going one after another as closely as possible, in which the leg of each moves at the same time with the corresponding leg of the person before him.

Lock stitch

Lock" stitch` (?). A peculiar sort of stitch formed by the locking of two threads together, as in the work done by some sewing machines. See Stitch.

Lockup

Lock"up` (?), n. A place where persons under arrest are temporarily locked up; a watchhouse.

Lock-weir

Lock"-weir` (?), n. A waste weir for a canal, discharging into a lock chamber.

Locky

Lock"y (?), a. Having locks or tufts. [R.] Sherwood.

Loco

Lo"co (?), adv. [It.] (Mus.) A direction in written or printed music to return to the proper pitch after having played an octave higher.

Loco

Lo"co, n. [Sp. loco insane.] (Bot.) A plant (Astragalus Hornii) growing in the Southwestern United States, which is said to poison horses and cattle, first making them insane. The name is also given vaguely to several other species of the same genus. Called also loco weed.

Locofoco

Lo`co*fo"co (?), n. [Of uncertain etymol.; perh. for L. loco foci instead of fire; or, according to Bartlett, it was called so from a self-lighting cigar, with a match composition at the end, invented in 1834 by John Marck of New York, and called by him locofoco cigar, in imitation of the word locomotive, which by the uneducated was supposed to mean, self-moving.]

1. A friction match. [U.S.]

2. A nickname formerly given to a member of the Democratic party. [U.S.] &hand; The name was first applied, in 1834, to a portion of the Democratic party, because, at a meeting in Tammany Hall, New York, in which there was great diversity of sentiment, the chairman left his seat, and the lights were extinguished, for the purpose of dissolving the meeting; when those who were opposed to an adjournment produced locofoco matches, rekindled the lights, continued the meeting, and accomplished their object.

Locomotion

Lo`co*mo"tion (?), n. [L. locus place + motio motion: cf. F. locomotion. See Local, and Motion.]

1. The act of moving from place to place. " Animal locomotion." Milton.

2. The power of moving from place to place, characteristic of the higher animals and some of the lower forms of plant life. <-- 3. the name of a song and a dance, briefly popular in the 1960's -->

Locomotive

Lo"co*mo`tive (?), a. [Cf. F. locomotif. See Locomotion.]

1. Moving from place to place; changing place, or able to change place; as, a locomotive animal.

2. Used in producing motion; as, the locomotive organs of an animal.

Locomotive

Lo"co*mo`tive (?), n. A locomotive engine; a self-propelling wheel carriage, especially one which bears a steam boiler and one or more steam engines which communicate motion to the wheels and thus propel the carriage, -- used to convey goods or passengers, or to draw wagons, railroad cars, etc. See Illustration in Appendix. Consolidation locomotive, a locomotive having four pairs of connected drivers. -- Locomotive car, a locomotive and a car combined in one vehicle; a dummy engine. [U.S.] -- Locomotive engine. Same as Locomotive, above. -- Mogul locomotive. See Mogul.

Locomotiveness, Locomotivity

Lo"co*mo`tive*ness (?), Lo`co*mo*tiv"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. locomotivit\'82.] The power of changing place.

Locomotor

Lo`co*mo"tor (?), a. [See Locomotion.] Of or pertaining to movement or locomotion. Locomotor ataxia, ∨ Progressive locomotor ataxy (Med.), a disease of the spinal cord characterized by peculiar disturbances of gait, and difficulty in co\'94rdinating voluntary movements.

Loculament

Loc"u*la*ment (?), n. [L. loculamentum case, box, fr. loculus a compartment, dim. of locus place.] (Bot.) The cell of a pericarp in which the seed is lodged.

Locular

Loc"u*lar (?), a. [L. locularis.] (Bot.) Of or relating to the cell or compartment of an ovary, etc.; in composition, having cells; as trilocular. Gray.

Loculate

Loc"u*late (?), a. [L. loculatus.] (Bot.) Divided into compartments.

Locule

Loc"ule (?), n. [Cf. F. locule. See Loculus.] (Zo\'94l.) A little hollow; a loculus.

Loculicidal

Loc"u*li*ci`dal (?), a. [L. loculus cell + caedere to cut: cf. F. loculicide.] (Bot.) Dehiscent through the middle of the back of each cell; -- said of capsules.

Loculose, Loculous

Loc"u*lose` (?), Loc"u*lous (?), a. [L. loculosus. See Loculament.] (Bot.) Divided by internal partitions into cells, as the pith of the pokeweed.

Loculus

Loc"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Loculi (#). [L., little place, a compartment.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) One of the spaces between the septa in the Anthozoa.

2. (Bot.) One of the compartments of a several-celled ovary; loculament.

Locum tenens

Lo"cum te"nens (?). [L., holding the place; locus place + tenens, p. pr. of tenere to hold. Cf. Lieutenant.] A substitute or deputy; one filling an office for a time.

Locus

Lo"cus (?), n.; pl. Loci (#), & Loca (#). [L., place. Cf. Allow, Couch, Lieu, Local.]

1. A place; a locality.

2. (Math.) The line traced by a point which varies its position according to some determinate law; the surface described by a point or line that moves according to a given law. Plane locus, a locus that is a straight line, or a circle. -- Solid locus, a locus that is one of the conic sections.

Locust

Lo"cust (?), n. [L. locusta locust, grasshopper. Cf. Lobster.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of long-winged, migratory, orthopterous insects, of the family Acridid\'91, allied to the grasshoppers; esp., (Edipoda, ∨ Pachytylus, migratoria, and Acridium perigrinum, of Southern Europe, Asia, and Africa. In the United States the related species with similar habits are usually called grasshoppers. See Grasshopper. &hand; These insects are at times so numerous in Africa and the south of Asia as to devour every green thing; and when they migrate, they fly in an immense cloud. In the United States the harvest flies are improperly called locusts. See Cicada. Locust beetle (Zo\'94l.), a longicorn beetle (Cyllene robini\'91), which, in the larval state, bores holes in the wood of the locust tree. Its color is brownish black, barred with yellow. Called also locust borer. -- Locust bird (Zo\'94l.) the rose-colored starling or pastor of India. See Pastor. -- Locust hunter (Zo\'94l.), an African bird; the beefeater.

2. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Bot.) The locust tree. See Locust Tree (definition, note, and phrases). Locust bean (Bot.), a commercial name for the sweet pod of the carob tree.

Locusta

Lo*cus"ta (?), n. [NL.: cf. locuste.] (Bot.) The spikelet or flower cluster of grasses. Gray.

Locustella

Lo`cus*tel"la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. locusta a locust.] (Zo\'94l.) The European cricket warbler.

Locustic

Lo*cus"tic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the locust; -- formerly used to designate a supposed acid.

Locusting

Lo"cust*ing (?), p. a. Swarming and devastating like locusts. [R.] Tennyson.

Locust tree

Lo"cust tree` (?). [Etymol. uncertain.] (Bot.) A large North American tree of the genus Robinia (R. Pseudacacia), producing large slender racemes of white, fragrant, papilionaceous flowers, and often cultivated as an ornamental tree. In England it is called acacia. &hand; The name is also applied to other trees of different genera, especially to those of the genus Hymen\'91a, of which H. Courbaril is a lofty, spreading tree of South America; also to the carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua), a tree growing in the Mediterranean region. Honey locust tree (Bot.), a tree of the genus Gleditschia ) G. triacanthus), having pinnate leaves and strong branching thorns; -- so called from a sweet pulp found between the seeds in the pods. Called also simply honey locust. -- Water locust tree (Bot.), a small swamp tree (Gleditschia monosperma), of the Southern United States.
Page 865

Locution

Lo*cu"tion, n. [L. locutio, fr. loqui to speak: cf. F. locution. ] Speech or discourse; a phrase; a form or mode of expression. " Stumbling locutions." G. Eliot.
I hate these figures in locution, These about phrases forced by ceremony. Marston.

Locutory

Loc"u*to*ry (?), n. A room for conversation; especially, a room in monasteries, where the monks were allowed to converse.

Lodde

Lod"de (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The capelin.

Lode

Lode (?), n. [AS. l\'bed way, journey, fr. l\'c6\'eban to go. See Lead to guide, and cf. Load a burden.]

1. A water course or way; a reach of water.

Down that long, dark lode . . . he and his brother skated home in triumph. C. Kingsley.

2. (Mining) A metallic vein; any regular vein or course, whether metallic or not.

Lodemanage

Lode"man*age (?), n. [OE. lodemenage. Chaucer.] Pilotage. [Obs.]

Lodeship

Lode"*ship` (?), n. An old name for a pilot boat.

Lodesman

Lodes"man (?), n. Same as Loadsman. [Obs.]

Lodestar

Lode"star` (?), n. Same as Loadstar.

Lodestone

Lode"stone` (?), n. (Min.) Same as Loadstone.

Lodge

Lodge (?), n. [OE. loge, logge, F. loge, LL. laubia porch, gallery, fr. OHG. louba, G. laube, arbor, bower, fr. lab foliage. See Leaf, and cf. Lobby, Loggia.]

1. A shelter in which one may rest; as: (a) A shed; a rude cabin; a hut; as, an Indian's lodge. Chaucer.

Their lodges and their tentis up they gan bigge [to build]. Robert of Brunne.
O for a lodge in some vast wilderness! Cowper.
(b) A small dwelling house, as for a gamekeeper or gatekeeper of an estate. Shak. (c) A den or cave. (d) The meeting room of an association; hence, the regularly constituted body of members which meets there; as, a masonic lodge. (c) The chamber of an abbot, prior, or head of a college.

2. (Mining) The space at the mouth of a level next the shaft, widened to permit wagons to pass, or ore to be deposited for hoisting; -- called also platt. Raymond.

3. A collection of objects lodged together.

The Maldives, a famous lodge of islands. De Foe.

4. A family of North American Indians, or the persons who usually occupy an Indian lodge, -- as a unit of enumeration, reckoned from four to six persons; as, the tribe consists of about two hundred lodges, that is, of about a thousand individuals. Lodge gate, a park gate, or entrance gate, near the lodge. See Lodge, n., 1 (b).

Lodge

Lodge, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lodged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lodging (?).]

1. To rest or remain a lodge house, or other shelter; to rest; to stay; to abide; esp., to sleep at night; as, to lodge in York Street. Chaucer.

Stay and lodge by me this night. Shak.
Something holy lodges in that breast. Milton
.

2. To fall or lie down, as grass or grain, when overgrown or beaten down by the wind. Mortimer.

3. To come to a rest; to stop and remain; as, the bullet lodged in the bark of a tree.

Lodge

Lodge, v. t. [OE. loggen, OF. logier, F. loger. See Lodge, n. ]

1. To give shelter or rest to; especially, to furnish a sleeping place for; to harbor; to shelter; hence, to receive; to hold.

Every house was proud to lodge a knight. Dryden.
The memory can lodge a greater stone of images that all the senses can present at one time. Cheyne.

2. To drive to shelter; to track to covert.

The deer is lodged; I have tracked her to her covert. Addison.

3. To deposit for keeping or preservation; as, the men lodged their arms in the arsenal.

4. To cause to stop or rest in; to implant.

He lodged an arrow in a tender breast. Addison.

5. To lay down; to prostrate.

Though bladed corn be lodged, and trees blown down. Shak.
To lodge an information, to enter a formal complaint.

Lodgeable

Lodge"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. logeable.]

1. That may be or can be lodged; as, so many persons are not lodgeable in this village.

2. Capable of affording lodging; fit for lodging in. [R.] " The lodgeable area of the earth." Jeffrey.

Lodged

Lodged (?), a. (Her.) Lying down; -- used of beasts of the chase, as couchant is of beasts of prey.

Lodgement

Lodge"ment (?), n. See Lodgment.

Lodger

Lodg"er (?), n. One who, or that which, lodges; one who occupies a hired room in another's house.

Lodging

Lodg"ing, n.

1. The act of one who, or that which, lodges.

2. A place of rest, or of temporary habitation; esp., a sleeping apartment; -- often in the plural with a singular meaning. Gower.

Wits take lodgings in the sound of Bow. Pope.

3. Abiding place; harbor; cover.

Fair bosom . . . the lodging of delight. Spenser.
Lodging house, a house where lodgings are provided and let. -- Lodging room, a room in which a person lodges, esp. a hired room.

Lodgment

Lodg"ment (?), n. [Written also lodgement.] [Cf. F. logement. See Lodge, v.]

1. The act of lodging, or the state of being lodged.

Any particle which is of size enough to make a lodgment afterwards in the small arteries. Paley.

2. A lodging place; a room. [Obs.]

3. An accumulation or collection of something deposited in a place or remaining at rest.

4. (Mil.) The occupation and holding of a position, as by a besieging party; an instrument thrown up in a captured position; as, to effect a lodgment.

Lodicule

Lod"i*cule (?), n. [L. lodicula. dim, of lodix, lodicis, a coverlet: cf. F. lodicule.] (Bot.) One of the two or three delicate membranous scales which are next to the stamens in grasses.

Loellingite

Loel"ling*ite (?), n. [So called from L\'94lling, in Austria.] (Min.) A tin-white arsenide of iron, isomorphous with arsenopyrite.

Loess

Loess (?), n. [G. l\'94ss.] (Geol.) A quaternary deposit, usually consisting of a fine yellowish earth, on the banks of the Rhine and other large rivers.

Loeven's larva

Loev"en's lar"va (?). [Named after the Swedish zo\'94logist, S. F. L\'94ven, who discovered it.] (Zo\'94l.) The peculiar larva of Polygordius. See Polygordius.

Loffe

Loffe (?), v. i. To laugh. [Obs.] Shak.

Loft

Loft (?), n. [Icel. lopt air, heaven, loft, upper room; akin to AS. lyft air, G. luft, Dan. loft loft, Goth. luftus air. Cf. Lift, v. & n. ] That which is lifted up; an elevation. Hence, especially: (a) The room or space under a roof and above the ceiling of the uppermost story. (b) A gallery or raised apartment in a church, hall, etc.; as, an organ loft. (c) A floor or room placed above another; a story.
Eutychus . . . fell down from the third loft. Acts xx. 9.
On loft, aloft; on high. Cf. Onloft. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Loft

Loft, a. Lofty; proud. [R. & Obs.] Surrey.

Loftily

Loft"i*ly (?), adv. [From Lofty.] In a lofty manner or position; haughtily.

Loftiness

Loft"i*ness, n. The state or quality of being lofty.

Lofty

Loft"y (?), a. [Compar. Loftier (?); superl. Loftiest.] [From Loft.]

1. Lifted high up; having great height; towering; high.

See lofty Lebanon his head advance. Pope.

2. Fig.: Elevated in character, rank, dignity, spirit, bearing, language, etc.; exalted; noble; stately; characterized by pride; haughty.

The high and lofty One, that inhabiteth eternity. Is. lvii. 15.
Lofty and sour to them that loved him not. Shak.
Himself to sing, and build the lofty rhyme. Milton.
Syn. -- Tall; high; exalted; dignified; stately; majestic; sublime; proud; haughty. See Tall.

Log

Log (?), n. [Heb. l&omac;g.] A Hebrew measure of liquids, containing 2.37 gills. W. H. Ward.

Log

Log (?), n. [Icel. l\'beg a felled tree, log; akin to E. lie. See Lie to lie prostrate.]

1. A bulky piece of wood which has not been shaped by hewing or sawing.

2. [Prob. the same word as in sense 1; cf. LG. log, lock, Dan. log, Sw. logg.] (Naut.) An apparatus for measuring the rate of a ship's motion through the water. &hand; The common log consists of the log-chip, or logship, often exclusively called the log, and the log line, the former being commonly a thin wooden quadrant of five or six inches radius, loaded with lead on the arc to make it float with the point up. It is attached to the log line by cords from each corner. This line is divided into equal spaces, called knots, each bearing the same proportion to a mile that half a minute does to an hour. The line is wound on a reel which is so held as to let it run off freely. When the log is thrown, the log-chip is kept by the water from being drawn forward, and the speed of the ship is shown by the number of knots run out in half a minute. There are improved logs, consisting of a piece of mechanism which, being towed astern, shows the distance actually gone through by the ship, by means of the revolutions of a fly, which are registered on a dial plate.

3. Hence: The record of the rate of ship's speed or of her daily progress; also, the full nautical record of a ship's cruise or voyage; a log slate; a log book.

4. A record and tabulated statement of the work done by an engine, as of a steamship, of the coal consumed, and of other items relating to the performance of machinery during a given time.

5. (Mining) A weight or block near the free end of a hoisting rope to prevent it from being drawn through the sheave. Log board (Naut.), a board consisting of two parts shutting together like a book, with columns in which are entered the direction of the wind, course of the ship, etc., during each hour of the day and night. These entries are transferred to the log book. A folding slate is now used instead. -- Log book, ∨ Logbook (Naut.), a book in which is entered the daily progress of a ship at sea, as indicated by the log, with notes on the weather and incidents of the voyage; the contents of the log board. Log cabin, Log house, a cabin or house made of logs. -- Log canoe, a canoe made by shaping and hollowing out a single log.<-- = dugout canoe --> -- Log glass (Naut.), a small sandglass used to time the running out of the log line. -- Log line (Naut.), a line or cord about a hundred and fifty fathoms long, fastened to the log-chip. See Note under 2d Log, n., 2. -- Log perch (Zo\'94l.), an ethiostomoid fish, or darter (Percina caprodes); -- called also hogfish and rockfish. -- Log reel (Naut.), the reel on which the log line is wound. -- Log slate. (Naut.) See Log board (above). -- Rough log (Naut.), a first draught of a record of the cruise or voyage. -- Smooth log (Naut.), a clean copy of the rough log. In the case of naval vessels this copy is forwarded to the proper officer of the government. -- To heave the log (Naut.), to cast the log-chip into the water; also, the whole process of ascertaining a vessel's speed by the log.

Log

Log, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Logged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Logging (?).] (Naut.), To enter in a ship's log book; as, to log the miles run. J. F. Cooper.

Log

Log, v. i.

1. To engage in the business of cutting or transporting logs for timber; to get out logs. [U.S.]

2. To move to and fro; to rock. [Obs.]

Logan

Log"an (?), n. A rocking or balanced stone. Gwill.

Loga\'d2dic

Log`a*\'d2d"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Gr. Pros.) Composed of dactyls and trochees so arranged as to produce a movement<-- ? ve illegible --> like that of ordinary speech.

Logarithm

Log"a*rithm (?), n. [Gr. logarithme.] (Math.) One of a class of auxiliary numbers, devised by John Napier, of Merchiston, Scotland (1550-1617), to abridge arithmetical calculations, by the use of addition and subtraction in place of multiplication and division. The relation of logarithms to common numbers is that of numbers in an arithmetical series to corresponding numbers in a geometrical series, so that sums and differences of the former indicate respectively products and quotients of the latter; thus 0 1 2 3 4 Indices or logarithms1 10 100 1000 10,000 Numbers in geometrical progression
Hence, the logarithm of any given number is the exponent of a power to which another given invariable number, called the base, must be raised in order to produce that given number. Thus, let 10 be the base, then 2 is the logarithm of 100, because 102 = 100, and 3 is the logarithm of 1,000, because 103 = 1,000. Arithmetical complement of a logarithm, the difference between a logarithm and the number ten. -- Binary logarithms. See under Binary. -- Common logarithms, ∨ Brigg's logarithms, logarithms of which the base is 10; -- so called from Henry Briggs, who invented them. -- Gauss's logarithms, tables of logarithms constructed for facilitating the operation of finding the logarithm of the sum of difference of two quantities from the logarithms of the quantities, one entry of those tables and two additions or subtractions answering the purpose of three entries of the common tables and one addition or subtraction. They were suggested by the celebrated German mathematician Karl Friedrich Gauss (died in 1855), and are of great service in many astronomical computations. -- Hyperbolic, ∨ Napierian, logarithms<-- usually called 'natural logarithms' -->, those logarithms (devised by John Speidell, 1619) of which the base is 2.7182818; -- so called from Napier, the inventor of logarithms. -- Logistic ∨ Proportionallogarithms., See under Logistic.

Logarithmetic, Logarithmetical

Log`a*rith*met"ic (?), Log"a*rith*met"ic*al (?), a. See Logarithmic.

Logarithmetically

Log`a*rith*met"ic*al*ly, adv. Logarithmically.

Logarithmic, Logarithmical

Log`a*rith"mic (?), Log`a*rith"mic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. logarithmique.] Of or pertaining to logarithms; consisting of logarithms. Logarithmic curve (Math.), a curve which, referred to a system of rectangular co\'94rdinate axes, is such that the ordinate of any point will be the logarithm of its abscissa. -- Logarithmic spiral, a spiral curve such that radii drawn from its pole or eye at equal angles with each other are in continual proportion. See Spiral.

Logarithmically

Log`a*rith"mic*al*ly, adv. By the use of logarithms.

Log-chip

Log"-chip` (?), n. (Naut.) A thin, flat piece of board in the form of a quadrant of a circle attached to the log line; -- called also log-ship. See 2d Log, n., 2.

Logcock

Log"cock` (?), n. The pileated woodpecker.

Loge

Loge (?), n. [F. See Lodge.] A lodge; a habitation. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Loggan

Log"gan (?), n. See Logan.

Loggat

Log"gat (?), n. [Also written logget.]

1. A small log or piece of wood. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. pl. An old game in England, played by throwing pieces of wood at a stake set in the ground. [Obs.] Shak.

Logge

Logge (?), n. & v. See Lodge. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Logged

Logged (?), a. Made slow and heavy in movement; water-logged. Beaconsfield.

Logger

Log"ger (?), n. One engaged in logging. See Log, v. i. [U.S.] Lowell.

Loggerhead

Log"ger*head` (?), n. [Log + head.]

1. A blockhead; a dunce; a numskull. Shak. Milton.

2. A spherical mass of iron, with a long handle, used to heat tar.

3. (Naut.) An upright piece of round timber, in a whaleboat, over which a turn of the line is taken when it is running out too fast. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

4. (Zo\'94l.) A very large marine turtle (Thalassochelys caretta, ∨ caouana), common in the warmer parts of the Atlantic Ocean, from Brazil to Cape Cod; -- called also logger-headed turtle.

5. (Zo\'94l.) An American shrike (Lanius Ludovicianus), similar to the butcher bird, but smaller. See Shrike. To be at loggerheads, To fall to loggerheads, ∨ To go to loggerheads, to quarrel; to be at strife. L' Estrange.

Loggerheaded

Log"ger*head`ed, a. Dull; stupid. Shak.
A rabble of loggerheaded physicians. Urquhart.

Loggerheads

Log"ger*heads` (?), n. (Bot.) The knapweed.

Loggia

Log"gia (?), n. [It. See Lodge.] (Arch.) A roofed open gallery. It differs from a veranda in being more architectural, and in forming more decidedly a part of the main edifice to which it is attached; from a porch, in being intended not for entrance but for an out-of-door sitting-room.

Logging

Log"ging (?), n. The business of felling trees, cutting them into logs, and transporting the logs to sawmills or to market.

Logic

Log"ic (?), n. [OE. logike, F. logique, L. logica, logice, Gr. Legend.]

1. The science or art of exact reasoning, or of pure and formal thought, or of the laws according to which the processes of pure thinking should be conducted; the science of the formation and application of general notions; the science of generalization, judgment, classification, reasoning, and systematic arrangement; correct reasoning.


Page 866

Logic is science of the laws of thought, as that is, of the necessary conditions to which thought, considered in itself, is subject. Sir W. Hamilton.
&hand; Logic is distinguished as pure and applied. " Pure logic is a science of the form, or of the formal laws, of thinking, and not of the matter. Applied logic teaches the application of the forms of thinking to those objects about which men do think. " Abp. Thomson.

2. A treatise on logic; as, Mill's Logic.

Logical

Log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. logique, L. logicus, Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to logic; used in logic; as, logical subtilties. Bacon.

2. According to the rules of logic; as, a logical argument or inference; the reasoning is logical. Prior.

3. Skilled in logic; versed in the art of thinking and reasoning; as, he is a logical thinker. Addison.

Logicality

Log`i*cal"i*ty (?), n. Logicalness.

Logically

Log"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In a logical manner; as, to argue logically.

Logicalness

Log"ic*al*ness, n. The quality of being logical.

Logician

Lo*gi"cian (?), n. [Cf. F. logicien.] A person skilled in logic. Bacon.
Each fierce logician still expelling Locke. Pope.

Logics

Log"ics (?), n. See Logic.

Logistic, Logistical

Lo*gis"tic (?), Lo*gis"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. logistique.]

1. Logical. [Obs.] Berkeley.

2. (Math.) Sexagesimal, or made on the scale of 60; as, logistic, or sexagesimal, arithmetic. Logistic, ∨ Proportional, logarithms, certain logarithmic numbers used to shorten the calculation of the fourth term of a proportion of which one of the terms is a given constant quantity, commonly one hour, while the other terms are expressed in minutes and seconds; -- not now used.

Logistics

Lo*gis"tics (?), n.

1. (Mil.) That branch of the military art which embraces the details of moving and supplying armies. The meaning of the word is by some writers extended to include strategy. H. L. Scott.

2. (Math.) A system of arithmetic, in which numbers are expressed in a scale of 60; logistic arithmetic.

Logman

Log"man (?), n.; pl. Logmen (. A man who carries logs. Shak.

Logod\'91daly

Log`o*d\'91d"a*ly (?), n. [Gr. Logos, and D\'91dal.] Verbal legerdemain; a playing with words. [R.] Coleridge.

Logogram

Log"o*gram (?), n. [Gr. -gram.] A word letter; a phonogram, that, for the sake of brevity, represents a word; as, |, i. e., t, for it. Cf. Grammalogue.

Logographer

Lo*gog"ra*pher (?), n.

1. A chronicler; one who writes history in a condensed manner with short simple sentences.

2. One skilled in logography.

Logographic, Logographical

Log`o*graph"ic (?), Log`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. logographique.] Of or pertaining to logography.

Logography

Lo*gog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. logographie.]

1. A method of printing in which whole words or syllables, cast as single types, are used.

2. A mode of reporting speeches without using shorthand, -- a number of reporters, each in succession, taking down three or four words. Brande & C.

Logogriph

Log"o*griph (?), n. [Gr. logogriphe.] A sort of riddle in which it is required to discover a chosen word from various combinations of its letters, or of some of its letters, which form other words; -- thus, to discover the chosen word chatter form cat, hat, rat, hate, rate, etc. B. Jonson.

Logomachist

Lo*gom"a*chist (?), n. [See Logomachy.] One who contends about words.

Logomachy

Lo*gom"a*chy (?), n. [Gr. logomachie.]

1. Contention in words merely, or a contention about words; a war of words.

The discussion concerning the meaning of the word " justification" . . . has largely been a mere logomachy. L. Abbott.

2. A game of word making.

Logometric

Log`o*met"ric (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Serving to measure or ascertain chemical equivalents; stoichiometric. [R.]

Logos

Log"os (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.

1. A word; reason; speech. H. Bushell.

2. The divine Word; Christ.

Logothete

Log"o*thete (?), [LL. logotheta, fr. Gr. An accountant; under Constantine, an officer of the empire; a receiver of revenue; an administrator of a department.

Logotype

Log"o*type (?), n. [Gr. -type.] (Print.) A single type, containing two or more letters; as, \'91, \'92, , , , etc. ; -- called also ligature.

Logroll

Log"roll` (?), v. i. & t. To engage in logrolling; to accomplish by logrolling. [Political cant, U. S.]

Logroller

Log"roll`er (?), n. One who engages in logrolling. [Political cant, U. S.]
The jobbers and logrollers will all be against it. The. Nation.

Logrolling

Log"roll`ing, n.

1. (Logging) The act or process of rolling logs from the place where they were felled to the stream which floats them to the sawmill or to market. In this labor neighboring camps of loggers combine to assist each other in turn. Longfellow. [U.S.]

2. Hence: A combining to assist another in consideration of receiving assistance in return; -- sometimes used of a disreputable mode of accomplishing political schemes or ends. [Cant, U.S.]<-- "You scratch my back, I'll scratch yours." -->

Log-ship

Log"-ship (?), n. (Naut.) A part of the log. See Log-chip, and 2d Log, n., 2.

Logwood

Log"wood` (?) n. [So called from being imported in logs.] The heartwood of a tree (H\'91matoxylon Campechianum), a native of South America, It is a red, heavy wood, containing a crystalline substance called h\'91matoxylin, and is used largely in dyeing. An extract from this wood is used in medicine as an astringent. Also called Campeachy wood, and bloodwood.

-logy

-lo*gy (?). [Gr. Logic.] A combining form denoting a discourse, treatise, doctrine, theory, science; as, theology, geology, biology, mineralogy.

Logy

Lo"gy, a. [From D. log.] Heavy or dull in respect to motion or thought; as, a logy horse. [U.S.]
Porcupines are . . . logy, sluggish creatures. C. H. Merriam.

Lohock

Lo"hock (?), n. (Med.) See Loch, a medicine.

Loimic

Loi"mic (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to the plague or contagious disorders.

Loin

Loin (?), n. [OE. loine, OF. logne, F. longe, from (assumed) LL. lumbea, L. lumbus join. Cf. Lends, Lumbar, Nombles.] That part of a human being or quadruped, which extends on either side of the spinal column between the hip bone and the false ribs. In human beings the loins are also called the reins. See Illust. of Beef.

Loir

Loir (?), n. [F., fr. L. glis, gliris.] (Zo\'94l.) A large European dormouse (Myoxus glis).

Loiter

Loi"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Loitered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loitering.] [D. leuteren to delay, loiter; cf; Prov. G. lottern to be louse, lotter louse, slack, unsettled, vagrant, OHG. lotar.]

1. To be slow in moving; to delay; to linger; to be dilatory; to spend time idly; to saunter; to lag behind.

Sir John, you loiter here too long. Shak.
If we have loitered, let us quicken our pace. Rogers.

2. To wander as an idle vagrant. [Obs.] Spenser. Syn. -- To linger; delay; lag; saunter; tarry.

Loiterer

Loi"ter*er (?), n.

1. One who loiters; an idler.

2. An idle vagrant; a tramp. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.

Loiteringly

Loi"ter*ing*ly, adv. In a loitering manner.

Lok, Loki

Lok (?), Lo"ki (?), n. [Icel. Loki, perh. akin to lokka, locka to allure, entice.] (Scandinavian Myth.) The evil deity, the author of all calamities and mischief, answering to the African of the Persians.

Locao

Lo*ca"o (?), n. A green vegetable dye imported from China.

Loke

Loke (?), n. [See Lock a fastening.] A private path or road; also, the wicket or hatch of a door. [Prov. Eng.]

Lokorys

Lok"o*rys (?), n. Liquorice. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Loligo

Lo*li"go (?), n. [L., cuttle fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of cephalopods, including numerous species of squids, common on the coasts of America and Europe. They are much used for fish bait.

Loll

Loll (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lolled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lolling.] [Cf. Icel. lolla to act lazily, loll, lolla, laziness, OD. lollen to sit over the fire, and E. lull. Cf. Lill, Lull.]

1. To act lazily or indolently; to recline; to lean; to throw one's self down; to lie at ease.

Void of care, he lolls supine in state. Dryden.

2. To hand extended from the mouth, as the tongue of an ox or a log when heated with labor or exertion.

The triple porter of the Stygian seat, With lolling tongue, lay fawning at thy feet. Dryden
.

3. To let the tongue hang from the mouth, as an ox, dog, or other animal, when heated by labor; as, the ox stood lolling in the furrow.

Loll

Loll, v. t. To let hang from the mouth, as the tongue.
Fierce tigers couched around and lolled their fawning tongues. Dryden.

Lollard

Lol"lard (?), n. [LL. Lollardi, Lullardi, from Walter Lolhardus, a German; cf. LG. & D. lollen to mumble, to hum, sing in a murmuring strain; hence, OD. lollaerd a mumbler, i. e., of prayers or psalms, which was prob. the origin of the name. See Loll, Lull.] (Eccl. Hist.) (a) One of a sect of early reformers in Germany. (b) One of the followers of Wyclif in England. [Called also Loller.]
By Lollards all know the Wyclifities are meant, so called from Walter Lollardus, one of their teachers in Germany. Fuller.

Lollardism, Lollardy

Lol"lard*ism (?), Lol"lard*y (?), n. The doctrines or principles of the Lollards.

Loller

Loll"er (?), n. [See Loll.]

1. One who lolls.

2. An idle vagabond. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

3. A Lollard.

Lollingly

Loll"ing*ly, adv. In a lolling manner. Buckle.

Lollipop

Lol"li*pop (?), n. [Perhaps fr. Prov. E. loll to soothe + pope a mixed liquor.] A kind of sugar confection which dissolves easily in the mouth. Thackeray.

Lollop

Lol"lop (?), v. i. [From Loll.] To move heavily; to lounge or idle; to loll. [Law.] Charles Reade.

Loma

Lo"ma (?), n.; pl. Lomata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A lobe; a membranous fringe or flap.

Lomatinous

Lo*mat"i*nous (?), a. [See Loma.] (Zo\'94l.) Furnished with lobes or flaps.

Lombard

Lom"bard (?), a. Of or pertaining to Lombardy, or the inhabitants of Lombardy.

Lombard

Lom"bard, n. [F. lombard, fr. the Longobardi or Langobardi, i. e., Longbeards, a people of Northern Germany, west of the Elbe, and afterward in Northern Italy. See Long, and Beard, and cf. Lumber.]

1. A native or inhabitant of Lombardy.

2. A money lender or banker; -- so called because the business of banking was first carried on in London by Lombards.

3. Same as Lombard-house.

A Lombard unto this day signifying a bank for usury or pawns. Fuller.

4. (Mil.) A form of cannon formerly in use. Prescott. Lombard Street, the principal street in London for banks and the offices of note brokers; hence, the money market and interest of London.

Lombardeer

Lom`bard*eer" (?; 277), n. A pawnbroker. [Obs.] Howell.

Lombard-house, Lombar-house

Lom"bard-house (?), Lom"bar-house` (?),[F. or D. lombard. See Lombard, n.]

1. A bank or a pawnbroker's shop.

2. A public institution for lending money to the poor at a moderate interest, upon articles deposited and pledged; -- called also mont de pi\'82t\'82.

Lombardic

Lom*bar"dic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Lombardy of the Lombards. Lombardic alphabet, the ancient alphabet derived from the Roman, and employed in the manuscript of Italy. -- Lombardic architecture, the debased Roman style of architecture as found in parts of Northern Italy. F. G. Lee. Lombardy poplar. (Bot.) See Poplar.

Loment

Lo"ment (?), n. [L. lomentum a mixture of bean meal and rice, used as a cosmetic wash, bean meal, fr. lavare, lotum, to wash.] (Bot.) An elongated pod, consisting, like the legume, of two valves, but divided transversely into small cells, each containing a single seed.

Lomentaceous

Lo`men*ta"ceous (?), a. [From Loment.] (Bot.) Of the nature of a loment; having fruits like loments.

Lomonite

Lom"o*nite (?), n. Same as Laumontite.

Lompish

Lomp"ish (?), a. Lumpish. [Obs.] Spenser.

Lond

Lond (?), n. Land. [Obs.] Chaucer.

London

Lon"don (?), n. The capital city of England. London paste (Med.), a paste made of caustic soda and unslacked lime; -- used as a caustic to destroy tumors and other morbid enlargements. -- London pride. (Bot.) (a) A garden name for Saxifraga umbrosa, a hardy perennial herbaceous plant, a native of high lands in Great Britain. (b) A name anciently given to the Sweet William. Dr. Prior. -- London rocket (Bot.), a cruciferous plant (Sisymbrium Irio) which sprung up in London abundantly on the ruins of the great fire of 1667.

Londoner

Lon"don*er (-&etil;r), n. A native or inhabitant of London. Shak.

Londonism

Lon"don*ism (?), n. A characteristic of Londoners; a mode of speaking peculiar to London.

Londonize

Lon"don*ize (?), v. i. To impart to (one) a manner or character like that which distinguishes Londoners.

Londonize

Lon"don*ize, v. i. To imitate the manner of the people of London.

Lone

Lone (?), n. A lane. See Loanin. [Prov. Eng.]

Lone

Lone, a. [Abbrev. fr. alone.]

1. Being without a companion; being by one's self; also, sad from lack of companionship; lonely; as, a lone traveler or watcher.

When I have on those pathless wilds a appeared, And the lone wanderer with my presence cheered. Shenstone.

2. Single; unmarried, or in widowhood. [Archaic]

Queen Elizabeth being a lone woman. Collection of Records (1642).
A hundred mark is a long one for a poor lone woman to bear. Shak.

3. Being apart from other things of the kind; being by itself; also, apart from human dwellings and resort; as, a lone house. " A lone isle." Pope.

By a lone well a lonelier column rears. Byron.

4. Unfrequented by human beings; solitary.

Thus vanish scepters, coronets, and balls, And leave you on lone woods, or empty walls. Pope.

Loneliness

Lone"li*ness (?), n.

1. The condition of being lonely; solitude; seclusion.

2. The state of being unfrequented by human beings; as, the loneliness of a road.

3. Love of retirement; disposition to solitude.

I see The mystery of your loneliness. Shak.

4. A feeling of depression resulting from being alone. Syn. -- Solitude; seclusion. See Solitude.

Lonely

Lone"ly, a. [Compar. Lonelier (?); superl. Loneliest.] [Shortened fr. alonely.]

1. Sequestered from company or neighbors; solitary; retired; as, a lonely situation; a lonely cell.

2. Alone, or in want of company; forsaken.

To the misled and lonely traveler. Milton.

3. Not frequented by human beings; as, a lonely wood.

4. Having a feeling of depression or sadness resulting from the consciousness of being alone; lonesome.

I am very often alone. I don't mean I am lonely. H. James.
Syn. -- Solitary; lone; lonesome; retired; unfrequented; sequestered; secluded.

Loneness

Lone"ness, n. Solitude; seclusion. [Obs.] Donne.

Lonesome

Lone"some (?), a. [Compar. Lonesomer (?); superl. Lonesomest.]

1. Secluded from society; not frequented by human beings; solitary.

Like one that on a lonesome road Doth walk in fear and dread. Coleridge
.

2. Conscious of, and somewhat depressed by, solitude; as, to feel lonesome. -- Lone"some*ly, adv. -- Lone"some*ness, n.

Long

Long (?), a. [Compar. Longer (?); superl. Longest (?).] [AS. long, lang; akin to OS, OFries., D., & G. lang, Icel. langr, Sw. l\'86ng, Dan. lang, Goth. laggs, L.longus. &root;125. Cf. Length, Ling a fish, Linger, Lunge, Purloin.]

1. Drawn out in a line, or in the direction of length; protracted; extended; as, a long line; -- opposed to short, and distinguished from broad or wide.


Page 867

2. Drawn out or extended in time; continued through a considerable tine, or to a great length; as, a long series of events; a long debate; a long drama; a long history; a long book.

3. Slow in passing; causing weariness by length or duration; lingering; as, long hours of watching.

4. Occurring or coming after an extended interval; distant in time; far away.

The we may us reserve both fresh and strong Against the tournament, which is not long. Spenser.

5. Extended to any specified measure; of a specified length; as, a span long; a yard long; a mile long, that is, extended to the measure of a mile, etc.

6. Far-reaching; extensive. " Long views." Burke.

7. (Phonetics) Prolonged, or relatively more prolonged, in utterance; -- said of vowels and syllables. See Short, a., 13, and Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 22, 30. &hand; Long is used as a prefix in a large number of compound adjectives which are mostly of obvious meaning; as, long-armed, long-beaked, long-haired, long-horned, long-necked, long-sleeved, long-tailed, long- worded, etc. In the long run, in the whole course of things taken together; in the ultimate result; eventually. -- Long clam (Zo\'94l.), the common clam (Mya arenaria) of the Northern United States and Canada; -- called also soft-shell clam and long-neck clam. See Mya. -- Long cloth, a kind of cotton cloth of superior quality. -- Long clothes, clothes worn by a young infant, extending below the feet. -- Long division. (Math.) See Division. -- Long dozen, one more than a dozen; thirteen. -- Long home, the grave. -- Long measure, Long mater. See under Measure, Meter. -- Long Parliament (Eng. Hist.), the Parliament which assembled Nov. 3, 1640, and was dissolved by Cromwell, April 20, 1653. -- Long price, the full retail price. -- Long purple (Bot.), a plant with purple flowers, supposed to be the Orchis mascula. Dr. Prior. -- Long suit (Whist), a suit of which one holds originally more than three cards. R. A. Proctor. -- Long tom. (a) A pivot gun of great length and range, on the dock of a vessel. (b) A long trough for washing auriferous earth. [Western U.S.] (c) (Zo\'94l.) The long-tailed titmouse. -- Long wall (Coal Mining), a working in which the whole seam is removed and the roof allowed to fall in, as the work progresses, except where passages are needed. -- Of long, a long time. [Obs.] Fairfax. -- To be, ∨ go, long of the market, To be on the long side of the market, etc. (Stock Exchange), to hold stock for a rise in price, or to have a contract under which one can demand stock on or before a certain day at a stipulated price; -- opposed to short in such phrases as, to be short of stock, to sell short, etc. [Cant] See Short. -- To have a long head, to have a farseeing or sagacious mind.

Long

Long (?), n.

1. (Mus.) A note formerly used in music, one half the length of a large, twice that of a breve.

2. (Phonetics) A long sound, syllable, or vowel.

3. The longest dimension; the greatest extent; -- in the phrase, the long and the short of it, that is, the sum and substance of it. Addison.

Long

Long, adv. [AS. lance.]

1. To a great extent in apace; as, a long drawn out line.

2. To a great extent in time; during a long time.

They that tarry long at the wine. Prov. xxiii. 30.
When the trumpet soundeth long. Ex. xix. 13.

3. At a point of duration far distant, either prior or posterior; as, not long before; not long after; long before the foundation of Rome; long after the Conquest.

4. Through the whole extent or duration.

The bird of dawning singeth all night long. Shak.

5. Through an extent of time, more or less; -- only in question; as, how long will you be gone?

Long

Long, prep. [Abbreviated fr. along. See 3d Along.] By means of; by the fault of; because of. [Obs.] See Along of, under 3d Along.

Long

Long, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Longed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Longing.] [AS. langian to increase, to lengthen, to stretch out the mind after, to long, to crave, to belong to, fr. lang long. See Long, a.]

1. To feel a strong or morbid desire or craving; to wish for something with eagerness; -- followed by an infinitive, or by after or for.

I long to see you. Rom. i. 11.
I have longed after thy precepts. Ps. cxix. 40.
I have longed for thy salvation. Ps. cxix. 174.
Nicomedes, longing for herrings, was supplied with fresh ones . . . at a great distance from the sea. Arbuthnot.

2. To belong; -- used with to, unto, or for. [Obs.]

The labor which that longeth unto me. Chaucer.

Longan

Lon"gan (?), n. (Bot.) A pulpy fruit related to the litchi, and produced by an evergreen East Indian tree (Nephelium Longan).

Longanimity

Lon`ga*nim"i*ty (?), n. [L. longanimitas; longus long + animus mind: cf. F. longanimit\'82.] Disposition to bear injuries patiently; forbearance; patience. Jer. Taylor.

Long-armed

Long"-armed` (?), a. Having long arms; as, the long-armed ape or gibbon.

Longbeak

Long"beak` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The American redbellied snipe (Macrorhamphus scolopaceus); -- called also long-billed dowitcher.

Longboat

Long"boat` (?), n. (Naut.) Formerly, the largest boat carried by a merchant vessel, corresponding to the launch of a naval vessel.

Longbow

Long"bow` (?), n. The ordinary bow, not mounted on a stock; -- so called in distinction from the crossbow when both were used as weapons of war. Also, sometimes, such a bow of about the height of a man, as distinguished from a much shorter one. To draw the longbow, to tell large stories.

Long-breathed

Long"-breathed` (?), a. Having the power of retaining the breath for a long time; long-winded.

Long-drawn

Long"-drawn` (?), a. Extended to a great length.
The cicad\'91 hushed their long-drawn, ear-splitting strains. G. W. Cable.

Longe

Longe (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. allonge. See Lunge.]

1. A thrust. See Lunge. Smollett.

2. The training ground for a horse. Farrow.

Longe

Longe, n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as 4th Lunge.

Longer

Long"er (?), n. One who longs for anything.

Longeval

Lon*ge"val (?), a. Long-loved; longevous.[R.] Pope.

Longevity

Lon*gev"i*ty (?), n. [L. longaevitas. See Longevous.] Long duration of life; length of life.
The instances of longevity are chiefly amongst the abstemious. Arbuthnot.

Longevous

Lon*ge"vous (?), a. [L. longaevus; longus long + aevum lifetime, age. See Long, and Age.] Living a long time; of great age. Sir T. Browne.

Longhand

Long"hand` (?), n. The written characters used in the common method of writing; -- opposed to shorthand.

Longheaded

Long"head"ed (?), a. Having unusual foresight or sagacity. -- Long"-head`ed*ness, n.

Longhorn

Long"horn` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A long-horned animal, as a cow, goat, or beetle. See Long-horned.

Long-horned

Long"-horned` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) [Obs.] Having a long horn or horns; as, a long-horned goat, or cow; having long antenn\'91, as certain beetles (Longicornia).

Longicorn

Lon"gi*corn (?), a. [L. longus long + cornu horn: cf. F. longicorne.] (Zo\'94l.) Long-horned; pertaining to the Longicornia. -- n. One of the Longicornia.

Longicornia

Lon`gi*cor"ni*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. longus long + cornu horn.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of beetles, including a large number of species, in which the antenn\'91 are very long. Most of them, while in the larval state, bore into the wood or beneath the bark of trees, and some species are very destructive to fruit and shade trees. See Apple borer, under Apple, and Locust beetle, under Locust.

Longilateral

Lon`gi*lat"er*al (?), a. [L. longus long + lateralis lateral, fr. latus side.] Having long sides especially, having the form of a long parallelogram.
Nineveh . . . was of a longilateral figure, ninety-five furlongs broad, and a hundred and fifty long. Sir T. Browne.

Longiloquence

Lon*gil"o*quence (?), n. [L. langus long + loquentia a talking.] Long-windedness.
American longiloquence in oratory. Fitzed. Hall.

Longimanous

Lon*gim"a*nous (?), a. [L. longus long + manus hand.] Having long hands. Sir T. Browne.

Longimetry

Lon*gim"e*try (?), n. [L. longus long + -metry: cf. F. longim\'82trie.] The art or practice of measuring distances or lengths. Cheyne.

Longing

Long"ing (?), n. An eager desire; a craving; a morbid appetite; an earnest wish; an aspiration.
Put on my crown; I have immortal longings in me. Shak.

Longingly

Long"ing*ly, adv. With longing. Dryden.

Longinquity

Lon*gin"qui*ty (?), n. [L. longinquitas, fr. longinquus extensive, remote, fr. longus long.] Greatness of distance; remoteness. [R.] Barrow.

Longipalp

Lon"gi*palp (?), n. [F. longipalpe, fr. L. longus long + F. palpe a feeler, a palp.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a tribe of beetles, having long maxillary palpi.

Longipennate

Lon"gi*pen"nate (?), a. [L. longus long + E. pennate.] (Zo\'94l.) Having long wings, or quills.

Longipennes

Lon`gi*pen"nes (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. longus long + penna wing.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of longwinged sea birds, including the gulls, petrels, etc.

Longipennine

Lon`gi*pen"nine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Longipennes; longipennate.

Longiroster

Lon`gi*ros"ter (?), n.; pl. L. Longirostres (#), E. Longirosters (#). [L. longus long + rostrum beak: cf. F. longirostre.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Longirostres.

Longirostral

Lon`gi*ros"tral (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a long bill; of or pertaining to the Longirostres.

Longirostres

Lon`gi*ros"tres (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. longus long + rostrum beak.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of birds characterized by having long slender bills, as the sandpipers, curlews, and ibises. It is now regarded as an artificial division.

Longish

Long"ish (?), a. Somewhat long; moderately long.

Longitude

Lon"gi*tude (?), n. [F., fr. L. longitudo, fr. longus long.]

1. Length; measure or distance along the longest line; -- distinguished from breadth or thickness; as, the longitude of a room; rare now, except in a humorous sense. Sir H. Wotton.

The longitude of their cloaks. Sir. W. Scott.
Mine [shadow] spindling into longitude immense. Cowper.

2. (Geog.) The arc or portion of the equator intersected between the meridian of a given place and the meridian of some other place from which longitude is reckoned, as from Greenwich, England, or sometimes from the capital of a country, as from Washington or Paris. The longitude of a place is expressed either in degrees or in time; as, that of New York is 74° or 4 h. 56 min. west of Greenwich.

3. (Astron.) The distance in degrees, reckoned from the vernal equinox, on the ecliptic, to a circle at right angles to the ecliptic passing through the heavenly body whose longitude is designated; as, the longitude of Capella is 79°. Geocentric longitude (Astron.), the longitude of a heavenly body as seen from the earth. -- Heliocentric longitude, the longitude of a heavenly body, as seen from the sun's center. -- Longitude stars, certain stars whose position is known, and the data in regard to which are used in observations for finding the longitude, as by lunar distances.

Longitudinal

Lon`gi*tu"di*nal (?), a. [Cf. F. longitudinal.]

1. Of or pertaining to longitude or length; as, longitudinal distance.

2. Extending in length; in the direction of the length; running lengthwise, as distinguished from transverse; as, the longitudinal diameter of a body. Cheyne.

Longitudinal

Lon`gi*tu"di*nal, n. A railway sleeper lying parallel with the rail.

Longitudinally

Lon`gi*tu"di*nal*ly, adv. In the direction of length.

Longlegs

Long"legs` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A daddy longlegs.

Long-lived

Long"-lived` (?), a. Having a long life; having constitutional peculiarities which make long life probable; lasting long; as, a long-lived tree; they are a longlived family; long-lived prejudices.

Longly

Long"ly, adv.

1. With longing desire. [Obs.] Shak.

2. For a long time; hence, wearisomely.

Longmynd rocks

Long"mynd rocks" (?). (Geol.) The sparingly fossiliferous conglomerates, grits, schists, and states of Great Britain, which lie at the base of the Cambrian system; -- so called, because typically developed in the Longmynd Hills, Shropshire.

Longness

Long"ness, n. Length.

Longnose

Long"nose` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European garfish.

Long primer

Long" prim"er (?). (Print.) A kind of type, in size between small pica and bourgeois. &hand; long primer
.

Longshanks

Long"shanks` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The stilt.

Longshore

Long"shore` (?), a. [Abbrev. from alongshore.] Belonging to the seashore or a seaport; along and on the shore. "Longshore thieves." R. Browning.

Longshoreman

Long"shore`man (?), n.; pl. Longshoremen (#). [Abbrev. fr. alongshoreman.] One of a class of laborers employed about the wharves of a seaport, especially in loading and unloading vessels.

Long-sight

Long"-sight (?), n. Long-sightedness Good.

Long-sighted

Long"-sight`ed (?), a.

1. Able to see objects at a great distance; hence, having great foresight; sagacious; farseeing.

2. Able to see objects distinctly at a distance, but not close at hand; hypermetropic.

Long-sightedness

Long"-sight`ed*ness, n.

1. The state or condition of being long-sighted; hence, sagacity; shrewdness.

2. (Med.) See Hypermetropia.

Longsome

Long"some (?) a. [AS. langsum.] Extended in length; tiresome. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. Prior. -- Long"some*ness, n. [Obs.] Fuller.

Longspun

Long"spun` (?), a. Spun out, or extended, to great length; hence, long-winded; tedious.
The longspun allegories fulsome grow, While the dull moral lies too plain below. Addison.

Longspur

Long"spur` (?), n. [So called from the length of the hind claw.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of fringilline birds of the genus Calcarius (or Plectrophanes), and allied genera. The Lapland longspur (C. Lapponicus), the chestnut-colored longspur (C. ornatus), and other species, inhabit the United States.

Long-stop

Long"-stop` (?), n. (Cricket) One who is set to stop balls which pass the wicket keeper.

Long-sufferance

Long"-suf`fer*ance (?), n. Forbearance to punish or resent.

Long-suffering

Long"-suf`fer*ing, n. Bearing injuries or provocation for a long time; patient; not easily provoked.
The Lord God, merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth. Ex. xxxiv. 6.

Long-suffering

Long"-suf`fer*ing, n. Long patience of offense.
Despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and long-suffering? Rom. ii. 4.

Longtail

Long"tail` (?), n. An animal, particularly a log, having an uncut tail. Cf. Curtail. Dog. &hand; A longtail was a gentleman's dog, or the dog of one qualified to bunt, other dogs being required to have their tails cut. Cut and longtail, all, gentlefolks and others, as they might come. Shak.

Long-tongue

Long"-tongue` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The wryneck.

Long-tongued

Long"-tongued` (?), a.

1. Having a long tongue.

2. Talkative; babbling; loquacious. Shak.

Longulite

Lon"gu*lite (?), n. [L. longus long + -lie.] (Min.) A kind of crystallite having a (slender) acicular form.

Long-waisted

Long"-waist`ed (?), a.

1. Having a long waist; long from the armpits to the armpits to the bottom of the waist; -- said of persons.

2. Long from the part about the neck or shoulder, or from the armpits, to the bottom of the weist, or to the skirt; -- said of garments; as, a long-waisted coat.

Longways

Long"ways` (?), adv. Lengthwise. Addison.

Long-winded

Long"-wind"ed (?), a. Long-breathed; hence, tediously long in speaking; consuming much time; as, a long-winded talker. -- Long"-wind"ed*ness, n.
A tedious, long-winded harangue. South.

Longwise

Long"wise` (?), adv. Lengthwise.

Loo

Loo (?), n. [For older lanterloo, F. lanturelu, lanturlu, name of the game; orig., the refrain of a vaudeville.] (a) An old game played with five, or three, cards dealt to each player from a full pack. When five cards are used the highest card is the knave of clubs or (if so agreed upon) the knave of trumps; -- formerly called lanterloo. (b) A modification of the game of "all fours" in which the players replenish their hands after each round by drawing each a card from the pack.
Page 868

Loo table, a round table adapted for a circle of persons playing loo.

Loo

Loo (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Looed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Looing.] To beat in the game of loo by winning every trick. [Written also lu.] Goldsmith.

Loob

Loob (?), n. [Corn., slime, sludge.] (Mining) The clay or slimes washed from tin ore in dressing.

Loobily

Loo"bi*ly (?), a. [From Looby.] Loobylike; awkward. Fuller.

Loobily

Loo"bi*ly, adv. Awkwardly. L'Estrange.

Looby

Loo"by (?), n.; pl. Loobies (#). [Cf. Lob.] An awkward, clumsy fellow; a lubber. Swift.

Looch

Looch (?), n. See 2d Loch.

Loof

Loof (?), n. (Bot.) The spongelike fibers of the fruit of a cucurbitaceous plant (Luffa \'92gyptiaca); called also vegetable sponge.

Loof

Loof (?), n. [See Luff.] [Also written luff.] (Naut.) (a) Formerly, some appurtenance of a vessel which was used in changing her course; -- probably a large paddle put over the lee bow to help bring her head nearer to the wind. (b) The part of a ship's side where the planking begins to curve toward bow and stern.

Loof

Loof, v. i. (Naut.) See Luff.

Look

Look (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Looked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Looking.] [OE. loken, AS. l&omac;cian; akin to G. lugen, OHG. luog&emac;n.]

1. To direct the eyes for the purpose of seeing something; to direct the eyes toward an object; to observe with the eyes while keeping them directed; -- with various prepositions, often in a special or figurative sense. See Phrases below.

2. To direct the attention (to something); to consider; to examine; as, to look at an action.

3. To seem; to appear; to have a particular appearance; as, the patient looks better; the clouds look rainy.

It would look more like vanity than gratitude. Addison.
Observe how such a practice looks in another person. I. Watts.

4. To have a particular direction or situation; to face; to front.

The inner gate that looketh to north. Ezek. viii. 3.
The east gate . . . which looketh eastward. Ezek. xi. 1.

5. In the imperative: see; behold; take notice; take care; observe; -- used to call attention.

Look, how much we thus expel of sin, so much we expel of virtue. Milton.
&hand; Look, in the imperative, may be followed by a dependent sentence, but see is oftener so used.<-- See spot run? in 1990, the reverse is true -->
Look that ye bind them fast. Shak.
Look if it be my daughter. Talfourd.

6. To show one's self in looking, as by leaning out of a window; as, look out of the window while I speak to you. Sometimes used figuratively.

My toes look through the overleather. Shak.

7. To await the appearance of anything; to expect; to anticipate.

Looking each hour into death's mouth to fall. Spenser.
To look about, to look on all sides, or in different directions. -- To look about one, to be on the watch; to be vigilant; to be circumspect or guarded. -- To look after. (a) To attend to; to take care of; as, to look after children. (b) To expect; to be in a state of expectation.
Men's hearts failing them for fear, and for looking after those things which are coming on the earth. Luke xxi. 26.
(c) To seek; to search.
My subject does not oblige me to look after the water, or point forth the place where to it is now retreated. Woodward.
-- To look at, to direct the eyes toward so that one sees, or as if to see; as, to look at a star; hence, to observe, examine, consider; as, to look at a matter without prejudice. -- To look black, to frown; to scowl; to have a threatening appearance.
The bishops thereat repined, and looked black. Holinshed.
-- To look down on ∨ upon, to treat with indifference or contempt; to regard as an inferior; to despise. -- To look for. (a) To expect; as, to look for news by the arrival of a ship. "Look now for no enchanting voice." Milton. (b) To seek for; to search for; as, to look for lost money, or lost cattle. -- To look forth. (a) To look out of something, as from a window. (b) To threaten to come out. Jer. vi. 1. (Rev. Ver.). -- To look into, to inspect closely; to observe narrowly; to examine; as, to look into the works of nature; to look into one's conduct or affairs. -- To look on. (a) To regard; to esteem.
Her friends would look on her the worse. Prior.
(b) To consider; to view; to conceive of; to think of.
I looked on Virgil as a succinct, majestic writer. Dryden.
(c) To be a mere spectator.
I'll be a candleholder, and look on. Shak.
-- To look out, to be on the watch; to be careful; as, the seaman looks out for breakers. -- To look through. (a) To see through. (b) To search; to examine with the eyes. -- To look to ∨ unto. (a) To watch; to take care of. "Look well to thy herds." Prov. xxvii. 23. (b) To resort to with expectation of receiving something; to expect to receive from; as, the creditor may look to surety for payment. "Look unto me, and be ye saved." Is. xlv. 22. -- To look up, to search for or find out by looking; as, to look up the items of an account. -- To look up to, to respect; to regard with deference.

Look

Look, v. t.

1. To look at; to turn the eyes toward.

2. To seek; to search for. [Obs.]

Looking my love, I go from place to place. Spenser.

3. To expect. [Obs.] Shak.

4. To influence, overawe, or subdue by looks or presence as, to look down opposition.

A spirit fit to start into an empire, And look the world to law. Dryden.

5. To express or manifest by a look.

Soft eyes looked love to eyes which spake again. Byron.
To look daggers. See under Dagger. -- To look in the face, to face or meet with boldness or confidence; hence, sometimes, to meet for combat. -- To look out, to seek for; as, prudent persons look out associates good reputation.

Look

Look (?), n.

1. The act of looking; a glance; a sight; a view; -- often in certain phrases; as, to have, get, take, throw, or cast, a look.

Threw many a northward look to see his father Bring up his powers; but he did long in vain. Shak.

2. Expression of the eyes and face; manner; as, a proud or defiant look. "Gentle looks." Shak.

Up ! up! my friends, and clear your looks. Wordsworth.

3. Hence; Appearance; aspect; as, the house has a gloomy look; the affair has a bad look.

Pain, disgrace, and poverty have frighted looks. Locke.
There was something that reminded me of Dante's Hell in the look of this. Carlyle.

Lookdown

Look"down` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Moonfish (b).

Looker

Look"er (?), n. One who looks. Looker-on, a spectator; one that looks on, but has no agency or part in an affair.
Did not this fatal war affront thy coast, Yet sattest thou an idle looker-on ? Fairfax.

Looking

Look"ing, a. Having a certain look or appearance; -- often compounded with adjectives; as, good-looking, grand-looking, etc.

Looking

Look"ing, n.

1. The act of one who looks; a glance.

2. The manner in which one looks; appearance; countenance; face. [Obs.]

All dreary was his cheer and his looking. Chaucer.
Looking for, anticipation; expectation. "A certain fearful looking for of judgment." Heb. x. 27.

Looking-glass

Look"ing-glass` (?), n. A mirror made of glass on which has been placed a backing of some reflecting substance, as quicksilver.
There is none so homely but loves a looking-glass. South.

Lookout

Look"out` (?), n.

1. A careful looking or watching for any object or event.

2. The place from which such observation is made.

3. A person engaged in watching.

4. Object or duty of forethought and care; responsibility. [Colloq.]

Lool

Lool (?), n. (Metal.) A vessel used to receive the washings of ores of metals.

Loom

Loom (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Loon, the bird.

Loom

Loom, n. [OE. lome, AS. gel utensil, implement.]

1. A frame or machine of wood or other material, in which a weaver forms cloth out of thread; a machine for interweaving yarn or threads into a fabric, as in knitting or lace making.

Hector, when he sees Andromache overwhelmed with terror, sends her for consolation to the loom and the distaff. Rambler.

2. (Naut.) That part of an oar which is near the grip or handle and inboard from the rowlock. Totten.

Loom

Loom, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Loomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Looming.] [OE. lumen to shine, Icel. ljoma; akin to AS. le\'a2ma light, and E. light; or cf. OF. lumer to shine, L. luminare to illumine, lumen light; akin to E. light. Light not dark.]

1. To appear above the surface either of sea or land, or to appear enlarged, or distorted and indistinct, as a distant object, a ship at sea, or a mountain, esp. from atmospheric influences; as, the ship looms large; the land looms high.

Awful she looms, the terror of the main. H. J. Pye.

2. To rise and to be eminent; to be elevated or ennobled, in a moral sense.

On no occasion does he [Paul] loom so high, and shine so gloriously, as in the context. J. M. Mason.

Loom

Loom, n. The state of looming; esp., an unnatural and indistinct appearance of elevation or enlargement of anything, as of land or of a ship, seen by one at sea.

Loom-gale

Loom"-gale` (?), n. A gentle gale of wind.

Looming

Loom"ing, n. The indistinct and magnified appearance of objects seen in particular states of the atmosphere. See Mirage.

Loon

Loon (?), n. [Scot. loun, lown, loon; akin to OD. loen a stupid man; prob. for an older lown, and akin to E. lame.] A sorry fellow; a worthless person; a rogue.

Loon

Loon, n. [For older loom, Icel. l; akin to Dan. & Sw. lom.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several aquatic, wed-footed, northern birds of the genus Urinator (formerly Colymbus), noted for their expertness in diving and swimming under water. The common loon, or great northern diver (Urinator imber, or Colymbus torquatus), and the red-throated loon or diver (U. septentrionalis), are the best known species. See Diver.

Loony

Loon"y (?), a. See Luny.

Loop

Loop (?), n. [G. luppe an iron lump. Cf. Looping.] (Iron Works) A mass of iron in a pasty condition gathered into a ball for the tilt hammer or rolls. [Written also loup.]

Loop

Loop, n. [Cf. Ir. & Gael. lub loop, noose, fold, thong, bend, lub to bend, incline.]

1. A fold or doubling of a thread, cord, rope, etc., through which another thread, cord, etc., can be passed, or which a hook can be hooked into; an eye, as of metal; a staple; a noose; a bight.

That the probation bear no hinge, nor loop To hang a doubt on. Shak.

2. A small, narrow opening; a loophole.

And stop all sight-holes, every loop from whence The eye of Reason may pry in upon us. Shak.

3. A curve of any kind in the form of a loop.

4. (Telegraphy) A wire forming part of a main circuit and returning to the point from which it starts.

5. (Acoustics) The portion of a vibrating string, air column, etc., between two nodes; -- called also ventral segment. Loop knot, a single knot tied in a doubled cord, etc. so as to leave a loop beyond the knot. See Illust. of Knot.

Loop

Loop (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Looped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Looping.] To make a loop of or in; to fasten with a loop or loops; -- often with up; as, to loop a string; to loop up a curtain.

Looped

Looped (?), a.

1. Bent, folded, or tied, so as to make a loop; as, a looped wire or string.

2. Full of holes. [Obs.] Shak.

Looper

Loop"er (?), n.

1. An instrument, as a bodkin, for forming a loop in yarn, a cord, etc.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of any species of geometrid moths. See Geometrid.

Loophole

Loop"hole` (?), n.

1. (Mil.) A small opening, as in the walls of fortification, or in the bulkhead of a ship, through which small arms or other weapons may be discharged at an enemy.

2. A hole or aperture that gives a passage, or the means of escape or evasion. <-- 3. (Fig.) (Law) An amibiguity or unintended omission in a law, rule, or contract which allows a party to circumvent the intent of the text and avoid its obligations under certain circumstances. -- used usually in a negative sense; -- distinguished from "escape clause" in that the latter usually is included to deliberately allow evasion of obligation under certain specified and foreseen circumstances. -->

Loopholed

Loop"holed` (?), a. Provided with loopholes.

Loopie

Loop"ie (?), a. Deceitful; cunning; sly. [Scot.]

Looping

Loop"ing, n. [Cf. D. loopen to run. Cf. Loop a mass of iron, Leap.] (Metal.) The running together of the matter of an ore into a mass, when the ore is only heated for calcination.

Looping

Loop"ing, p. pr. & vb. n. of Loop. Looping snail (Zo\'94l.), any species of land snail of the genus Truncatella; -- so called because it creeps like the measuring worms.

Looplight

Loop"light` (?), n. A small narrow opening or window in a tower or fortified wall; a loophole.

Loord

Loord (?), n. [F. lourd heavy, dull.] A dull, stupid fellow; a drone. [Obs.] Spenser.

Loos

Loos (?), n. [OE. los, fr. OF. los, laus.] Praise; fame; reputation. [Obs.] Spenser.
Good conscience and good loos. Chaucer.

Loose

Loose (?), a. [Compar. Looser (?); superl. Loosest.] [OE. loos, lous, laus, Icel. lauss; akin to OD. loos, D. los, AS. le\'a0s false, deceitful, G. los, loose, Dan. & Sw. l\'94s, Goth. laus, and E. lose. Lose, and cf. Leasing falsehood.]

1. Unbound; untied; unsewed; not attached, fastened, fixed, or confined; as, the loose sheets of a book.

Her hair, nor loose, nor tied in formal plat. Shak.

2. Free from constraint or obligation; not bound by duty, habit, etc. ; -- with from or of.

Now I stand Loose of my vow; but who knows Cato's thoughts ? Addison.

3. Not tight or close; as, a loose garment.

4. Not dense, close, compact, or crowded; as, a cloth of loose texture.

With horse and chariots ranked in loose array. Milton.

5. Not precise or exact; vague; indeterminate; as, a loose style, or way of reasoning.

The comparison employed . . . must be considered rather as a loose analogy than as an exact scientific explanation. Whewel.

6. Not strict in matters of morality; not rigid according to some standard of right.

The loose morality which he had learned. Sir W. Scott.

7. Unconnected; rambling.

Vario spends whole mornings in running over loose and unconnected pages. I. Watts.

8. Lax; not costive; having lax bowels. Locke.

9. Dissolute; unchaste; as, a loose man or woman.

Loose ladies in delight. Spenser.

10. Containing or consisting of obscene or unchaste language; as, a loose epistle. Dryden. At loose ends, not in order; in confusion; carelessly managed. -- Fast and loose. See under Fast. -- To break loose. See under Break. -- Loose pulley. (Mach.) See Fast and loose pulleys, under Fast. -- To let loose, to free from restraint or confinement; to set at liberty.

Loose

Loose, n.

1. Freedom from restraint. [Obs.] Prior.

2. A letting go; discharge. B. Jonson. To give a loose, to give freedom.

Vent all its griefs, and give a loose to sorrow. Addison.

Loose

Loose (?), v. n. [imp. & p. p. Loosed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loosing.] [From Loose, a.]

1. To untie or unbind; to free from any fastening; to remove the shackles or fastenings of; to set free; to relieve.

Canst thou . . . loose the bands of Orion ? Job. xxxviii. 31.
Ye shall find an ass tied, and a colt with her; loose them, and bring them unto me. Matt. xxi. 2.

2. To release from anything obligatory or burdensome; to disengage; hence, to absolve; to remit.

Art thou loosed from a wife ? seek not a wife. 1 Cor. vii. 27.
Whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven. Matt. xvi. 19.

3. To relax; to loosen; to make less strict.

The joints of his loins were loosed. Dan. v. 6.

4. To solve; to interpret. [Obs.] Spenser.

Loose

Loose, v. i. To set sail. [Obs.] Acts xiii. 13.

Loosely

Loose"ly, adv. In a loose manner.

Loosen

Loos"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Loosened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loosening.] [See Loose, v. t.]

1. To make loose; to free from tightness, tension, firmness, or fixedness; to make less dense or compact; as, to loosen a string, or a knot; to loosen a rock in the earth.

After a year's rooting, then shaking doth the tree good by loosening of the earth. Bacon.

2. To free from restraint; to set at liberty..

It loosens his hands, and assists his understanding. Dryden.

3. To remove costiveness from; to facilitate or increase the alvine discharges of. Bacon.

Loosen

Loos"en, v. i. To become loose; to become less tight, firm, or compact. S. Sharp.

Loosener

Loos"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, loosens.

Looseness

Loose"ness, n. The state, condition, or quality, of being loose; as, the looseness of a cord; looseness of style; looseness of morals or of principles.

Loosestrife

Loose"strife` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The name of several species of plants of the genus Lysimachia, having small star-shaped flowers, usually of a yellow color. (b) Any species of the genus Lythrum, having purple, or, in some species, crimson flowers. Gray.
Page 869

False loosestrife, a plant of the genus Ludwigia, which includes several species, most of which are found in the United States. -- Tufted loosestrife, the plant Lysimachia thyrsiflora, found in the northern parts of the United States and in Europe. Gray.

Loosish

Loos"ish (?), a. Somewhat loose.

Loot

Loot (?), n. [Hind. l, Skr. l, l, booty, lup to break, spoil; prob. akin to E. rob.]

1. The act of plundering.

2. Plunder; booty; especially, the boot taken in a conquered or sacked city.

Loot

Loot, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Looted; p. pr. & vb. n. Looting.] To plunder; to carry off as plunder or a prize lawfully obtained by war.
Looting parties . . . ransacking the houses. L.O

Looter

Loot"er (?), n. A plunderer.

Loover

Loo"ver (?), n. See Louver.

Lop

Lop (?), n. [AS. loppe.] A flea.[Obs.] Cleveland.

Lop

Lop (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lopped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lopping (?).] [Prov. G. luppen, lubben,to cut, geld, or OD. luppen, D. lubben.]

1. To cut off as the top or extreme part of anything; to shoas, to lop a tree or its branches. "With branches lopped, in wood or mountain felled." Milton.

Expunge the whole, or lop the excrescent parts. Pope.

2. To cut partly off and bend down; as, to lop bushes in a hedge.

Lop

Lop, n. That which is lopped from anything, as branches from a tree. Shak. Mortimer.

Lop

Lop, v. i. To hang downward; to be pendent; to lean to one side.

Lop

Lop, v. t. To let hang down; as, to lop the head.

Lop

Lop, a. Hanging down; as, lop ears; -- used also in compound adjectives; as, lopeared; lopsided.

Lope

Lope (?), imp. of Leap. [Obs.]
And, laughing, lope into a tree. Spenser.

Lope

Lope, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Loped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loping.] [See Leap.]

1. To leap; to dance. [Prov. Eng.] "He that lopes on the ropes." Middleton.

2. To move with a lope, as a horse. [U.S.]

Lope

Lope, n.

1. A leap; a long step. [Prov. Eng.]

2. An easy gait, consisting of long running strides or leaps. [U.S.]

The mustang goes rollicking ahead, with the eternal lope, . . . a mixture of two or three gaits, as easy as the motions of a crade. T. B. Thorpe.

Lopeared

Lop"eared` (?), a. Having ears which lop or hang down.

Lopeman

Lope"man (?), n. Leaper; ropedancer. [Obs.]

Loper

Lop"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, lopes; esp., a horse that lopes. [U.S.]

2. (Rope Making) A swivel at one end of a ropewalk, used in laying the strands.

Lophine

Loph"ine (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A nitrogenous organic base obtained by the oxidation of amarine, and regarded as a derivative of benzoic aldehyde. It is obtained in long white crystalline tufts, -- whence its name.

Lophiomys

Lo*phi"o*mys (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. lofia` a mane, bristly ridge + my^s a mouse.] (Zo\'94l.) A very singular rodent (Lophiomys Imhausi) of Northeastern Africa. It is the only known representative of a special family (Lophiomyid\'91), remarkable for the structure of the skull. It has handlike feet, and the hair is peculiar in structure and arrangement.

Lophobranch

Loph"o*branch (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Lophobranchii. -- n. One of the Lophobranchii.

Lophobranchiate

Loph`o*bran"chi*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Lophobranchii.

Lophobranchii

Loph`o*bran"chi*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of teleostean fishes, having the gills arranged in tufts on the branchial arches, as the Hippocampus and pipefishes.

Lophophore

Loph"o*phore (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A disk which surrounds the mouth and bears the tentacles of the Bryozoa. See Phylactolemata.

Lophopoda

Lo*phop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Phylactolemata.

Lophosteon

Lo*phos"te*on (?), n. ; pl. L. Lophostea (#), E. Lophosteons (#). [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) The central keel-bearing part of the sternum in birds.

Loppard

Lop"pard (?), n. [Lop + -ard.] A tree, the top of which has been lopped off. [Eng.]

Lopper

Lop"per (?), n. One who lops or cuts off.

Lopper

Lop"per, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Loppered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loppering.] [Cf. Prov. G. l\'81bbern, levern, OHG. giliber, G. luppe, lab, rennet.] To turn sour and coagulate from too long standing, as milk.

Lopping

Lop"ping (?), n. A cutting off, as of branches; that which is cut off; leavings.
The loppings made from that stock whilst it stood. Burke.

Loppy

Lop"py (?), a. Somewhat lop; inclined to lop.

Lopseed

Lop"seed` (?), n. (Bot.) A perennial herb (Phryma Leptostachya), having slender seedlike fruits.

Lopsided

Lop"sid`ed (?), a. [Lop + side. Cf. Lobsided.]

1. Leaning to one side because of some defect of structure; as, a lopsided ship. Marryat.

2. Unbalanced; poorly proportioned; full of idiosyncrasies. J. S. Mill.

Loquacious

Lo*qua"cious (?), a. [L. loquax, -acis, talkative, fr. loqui to speak; cf. Gr.

1. Given to continual talking; talkative; garrulous.

Loquacious, brawling, ever in the wrong. Dryden.

2. Speaking; expressive. [R.] J. Philips.

3. Apt to blab and disclose secrets. Syn. -- Garrulous; talkative. See Garrulous.

Loquaciously

Lo*qua"cious*ly, adv. In a loquacious manner.

Loquaciousness

Lo*qua"cious*ness, n. Loquacity.

Loquacity

Lo*quac"i*ty (?), n. [L. loquacitas: cf. F. loquacit\'82.] The habit or practice of talking continually or excessively; inclination to talk too much; talkativeness; garrulity.
Too great loquacity and too great taciturnity by fits. Arbuthnot.

Loquat

Lo"quat (?), n. [Chinese name.] (Bot.) The fruit of the Japanese medlar (Photinia Japonica). It is as large as a small plum, but grows in clusters, and contains four or five large seeds. Also, the tree itself.

Loral

Lo"ral (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the lores.

Lorate

Lo"rate (?), a. [L. loratus, fr. lorum thong.] (Bot.) Having the form of a thong or strap; ligulate.

Lorcha

Lor"cha (?), n. [Pg.] (Naut.) A kind of light vessel used on the coast of China, having the hull built on a European model, and the rigging like that of a Chinese junk. Admiral Foote.

Lord

Lord (?), n. [Cf. Gr. A hump-backed person; -- so called sportively. [Eng.] Richardson (Dict.).

Lord

Lord, n. [OE. lord, laverd, loverd, AS. hl\'beford, for hl\'befweard, i. e., bread keeper; hl\'bef bread, loaf + weardian to look after, to take care of, to ward. See Loaf, and Ward to guard, and cf. Laird, Lady.]

1. One who has power and authority; a master; a ruler; a governor; a prince; a proprietor, as of a manor.

But now I was the lord Of this fair mansion. Shak.
Man over men He made not lord. Milton.

2. A titled nobleman., whether a peer of the realm or not; a bishop, as a member of the House of Lords; by courtesy; the son of a duke or marquis, or the eldest son of an earl; in a restricted sense, a boron, as opposed to noblemen of higher rank. [Eng.]

3. A title bestowed on the persons above named; and also, for honor, on certain official persons; as, lord advocate, lord chamberlain, lord chancellor, lord chief justice, etc. [Eng.]

4. A husband. "My lord being old also." Gen. xviii. 12.

Thou worthy lord Of that unworthy wife that greeteth thee. Shak.

5. (Feudal Law) One of whom a fee or estate is held; the male owner of feudal land; as, the lord of the soil; the lord of the manor.

6. The Supreme Being; Jehovah. &hand; When Lord, in the Old Testament, is printed in small capitals, it is usually equivalent to Jehovah, and might, with more propriety, be so rendered.

7. The Savior; Jesus Christ. House of Lords, one of the constituent parts of the British Parliament, consisting of the lords spiritual and temporal. -- Lord high chancellor, Lord high constable, etc. See Chancellor, Constable, etc. -- Lord justice clerk, the second in rank of the two highest judges of the Supreme Court of Scotland. -- Lord justice general, ∨ Lord president, the highest in rank of the judges of the Supreme Court of Scotland. -- Lord keeper, an ancient officer of the English crown, who had the custody of the king's great seal, with authority to affix it to public documents. The office is now merged in that of the chancellor. -- Lord lieutenant, a representative of British royalty: the lord lieutenant of Ireland being the representative of royalty there, and exercising supreme administrative authority; the lord lieutenant of a county being a deputy to manage its military concerns, and also to nominate to the chancellor the justices of the peace for that county. -- Lord of misrule, the master of the revels at Christmas in a nobleman's or other great house. Eng. Cyc. -- Lords spiritual, the archbishops and bishops who have seats in the House of Lords. -- Lords temporal, the peers of England; also, sixteen representative peers of Scotland, and twenty-eight representatives of the Irish peerage. -- Our lord, Jesus Christ; the Savior. -- The Lord's Day, Sunday; the Christian Sabbath, on which the Lord Jesus rose from the dead. -- The Lord's Prayer, the prayer which Jesus taught his disciples. Matt. vi. 9-13. -- The Lord's Supper. (a) The paschal supper partaken of by Jesus the night before his crucifixion. (b) The sacrament of the eucharist; the holy communion. -- The Lord's Table. (a) The altar or table from which the sacrament is dispensed. (b) The sacrament itself.

Lord

Lord, v. t.

1. To invest with the dignity, power, and privileges of a lord. [R.] Shak.

2. To rule or preside over as a lord. [R.]

Lord

Lord, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lorded; p. pr. & vb. n. Lording.] To play the lord; to domineer; to rule with arbitrary or despotic sway; -- sometimes with over; and sometimes with it in the manner of a transitive verb.
The whiles she lordeth in licentious bliss. Spenser.
I see them lording it in London streets. Shak.
And lorded over them whom now they serve. Milton.

Lording

Lord"ing, n. [Lord + -ing, 3.]

1. The son of a lord; a person of noble lineage. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. A little lord; a lordling; a lord, in contempt or ridicule. [Obs.] Swift. &hand; In the plural, a common ancient mode of address equivalent to "Sirs" or "My masters."

Therefore, lordings all, I you beseech. Chaucer.

Lordkin

Lord"kin (?), n. A little lord. Thackeray.

Lordlike

Lord"like`, a. [2d lord + like. Cf. Lordly.]

1. Befitting or like a lord; lordly.

2. Haughty; proud; insolent; arrogant.

Lordliness

Lord"li*ness (?), n. [From Lordly.] The state or quality of being lordly. Shak.

Lordling

Lord"ling (?), n. [Lord + -ling.] A little or insignificant lord. Goldsmith.

Lordly

Lord"ly, a. [Compar. Lordlier (?); superl. Lordliest.] [Lord + -ly. Cf. Lordlike.]

1. Suitable for a lord; of or pertaining to a lord; resembling a lord; hence, grand; noble; dignified; honorable.

She brought forth butter in a lordly dish. Judges v. 25.
Lordly sins require lordly estates to support them. South.
The maidens gathered strength and grace And presence, lordlier than before. Tennyson.

2. Proud; haughty; imperious; insolent.

Lords are lordliest in their wine. Milton.
Syn. -- Imperious; haughty; overbearing; tyrannical; despotic; domineering; arrogant. See Imperious.

Lordly

Lord"ly, adv. In a lordly manner.

Lordolatry

Lord*ol"a*try (?), n. [Lord + -olatry, as in idolatry.] Worship of, or reverence for, a lord as such. [Jocose]
But how should it be otherwise in a country where lordolatry is part of our creed ? Thackeray.

Lordosis

Lor*do"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) A curvature of the spine forwards, usually in the lumbar region. (b) Any abnormal curvature of the bones.

Lords and Ladies

Lords" and La"dies (?). (Bot.) The European wake-robin (Arum maculatum), -- those with purplish spadix the lords, and those with pale spadix the ladies. Dr. Prior.

Lordship

Lord"ship (?), n.

1. The state or condition of being a lord; hence (with his or your), a title applied to a lord (except an archbishop or duke, who is called Grace) or a judge (in Great Britain), etc.

2. Seigniory; domain; the territory over which a lord holds jurisdiction; a manor.

What lands and lordships for their owner know My quondam barber. Dryden.

3. Dominion; power; authority.

They which are accounted to rule over the Gentiles exercise lordship over them. Mark x. 42.

Lore

Lore (?), n. [F. lore, L. lorum thong.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The space between the eye and bill, in birds, and the corresponding region in reptiles and fishes. (b) The anterior portion of the cheeks of insects.

Lore

Lore, obs. imp. & p. p. of Lose. [See Lose.] Lost. <-- irregular pos-ety-def format -->
Neither of them she found where she them lore. Spenser.

Lore

Lore, n. [OE. lore, lare, AS. l\'ber, fr. l to teach; akin to D. leer teaching, doctrine, G. lehre, Dan. l\'91re, Sw. l\'84ra. See Learn, and cf. Lere, v. t.]

1. That which is or may be learned or known; the knowledge gained from tradition, books, or experience; often, the whole body of knowledge possessed by a people or class of people, or pertaining to a particular subject; as, the lore of the Egyptians; priestly lore; legal lore; folklore. "The lore of war." Fairfax.

His fair offspring, nursed in princely lore. Milton.

2. That which is taught; hence, instruction; wisdom; advice; counsel. Chaucer.

If please ye, listen to my lore. Spenser.

3. Workmanship. [Obs.] Spenser.

Loreal, Loral

Lor"e*al (?), Lor"al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the lore; -- said of certain feathers of birds, scales of reptiles, etc.

Lorel

Lor"el (?), n. [Losel.] A good for nothing fellow; a vagabond. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Loren

Lor"en (?), obs. strong p. p. of Lose. Chaucer.

Loresman

Lores"man (?), n. [Lorelearning + man.] An instructor. [Obs.] Gower.

Lorette

Lo`rette" (?), n. [F.] In France, a name for a woman who is supported by her lovers, and devotes herself to idleness, show, and pleasure; -- so called from the church of Notre Dame de Lorette, in Paris, near which many of them resided.

Lorettine

Lo`ret*tine" (?), n. (R. C. Ch.) One of a order of nuns founded in 1812 at Loretto, in Kentucky. The members of the order (called also Sisters of Loretto, or Friends of Mary at the Foot of the Cross) devote themselves to the cause of education and the care of destitute orphans, their labors being chiefly confined to the Western United States.

Lorgnette

Lor`gnette" (?) n. [F.] An opera glass; pl. elaborate double eyeglasses.

Lori

Lo"ri (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Lory.

Lorica

Lo*ri"ca (?), n.; pl. Loric\'91 (#). [L., lit., a corselet of thongs, fr. lorum thong.]

1. (Anc. Armor) A cuirass, originally of leather, afterward of plates of metal or horn sewed on linen or the like.

2. (Chem.) Lute for protecting vessels from the fire.

3. (Zo\'94l.) The protective case or shell of an infusorian or rotifer.

Loricata

Lor`i*ca"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Loricata.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A suborder of edentates, covered with bony plates, including the armadillos. (b) The crocodilia.
Page 870

Loricate

Lor"i*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Loricated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loricating (?).] [L. loricatus, p. p. of loricare to clothe in mail, to cover with plastering, fr. lorica a leather cuirass, a plastering, fr. lorum thong.] To cover with some protecting substance, as with lute, a crust, coating, or plates.

Loricate

Lor"i*cate (?), a. [See Loricate, v.] Covered with a shell or exterior made of plates somewhat like a coat of mail, as in the armadillo.

Loricate

Lor"i*cate, n. (Zo\'94l.) An animal covered with bony scales, as crocodiles among reptiles, and the pangolins among mammals.

Lorication

Lor`i*ca"tion (?), n. [L. loricatio.] The act of loricating; the protecting substance put on; a covering of scales or plates.

Lorikeet

Lor"i*keet (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one numerous species of small brush-tongued parrots or lories, found mostly in Australia, New Guinea and the adjacent islands, with some forms in the East Indies. They are arboreal in their habits and feed largely upon the honey of flowers. They belong to Trichoglossus, Loriculus, and several allied genera.

Lorimer, Loriner

Lor"i*mer (?), Lor"i*ner (?), n. [OF. lormier, loremier, fr. LL. loranum bridle, L. lorum thong, the rein of a bridle.] A maker of bits, spurs, and metal mounting for bridles and saddles; hence, a saddler. [Obs.] Holinshed.

Loring

Lor"ing (?), n. [See 3d Lore.] Instructive discourse. [Obs.] Spenser.

Loriot

Lo"ri*ot (?), n. [F., fr. OF. loriou, for l'oriol, , l' being the article. The same word as oriole. See Oriole.] (Zo\'94l.) The golden oriole of Europe. See Oriole.

Loris

Lo"ris (?), n. [Loris, or lori, the indigenous East Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small lemurs of the genus Stenops. They have long, slender limbs and large eyes, and are arboreal in their habits. The slender loris (S. gracilis), of Ceylon, in one of the best known species. [Written also lori.]

Lorn

Lorn (?), a. [Strong p. p. of Lose. See Lose, Forlorn.]

1. Lost; undone; ruined. [Archaic]

If thou readest, thou art lorn. Sir W. Scott.

2. Forsaken; abandoned; solitary; bereft; as, a lone, lorn woman.

Lorrie, Lorry

Lor"rie, Lor"ry (?), n.; pl. Lorries (#). [Prob. from lurry to pull or lug.] A small cart or wagon, as those used on the tramways in mines to carry coal or rubbish; also, a barrow or truck for shifting baggage, as at railway stations.<-- (Brit.) now a motorized vehicle, esp. a large one, for transporting freight, called "truck" in the U.S. -->

Lory

Lo"ry (?), n.; pl. Lories (#). [Hind. & Malay. l\'d4r\'c6, n\'d4r\'c6.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of many species of small parrots of the family Trichoglossid\'91, generally having the tongue papillose at the tip, and the mandibles straighter and less toothed than in common parrots. They are found in the East Indies, Australia, New Guinea, and the adjacent islands. They feed mostly on soft fruits and on the honey of flowers. &hand; The lory, or louri, of South Africa is the white-crested plantain eater or turacou. See Turacou.

Los

Los (?), n. Praise. See Loos. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Losable

Los"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be lost.

Losange

Los"ange (?), n. See Lozenge.

Lose

Lose (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Losing (?).] [OE. losien to loose, be lost, lose, AS. losian to become loose; akin to OE. leosen to lose, p. p. loren, lorn, AS. le\'a2san, p. p. loren (in comp.), D. verliezen, G. verlieren, Dan. forlise, Sw. f\'94rlisa, f\'94rlora, Goth. fraliusan, also to E. loose, a & v., L. luere to loose, Gr. l to cut. &root;127. Cf. Analysis, Palsy, Solve, Forlorn, Leasing, Loose, Loss.]

1. To part with unintentionally or unwillingly, as by accident, misfortune, negligence, penalty, forfeit, etc.; to be deprived of; as, to lose money from one's purse or pocket, or in business or gaming; to lose an arm or a leg by amputation; to lose men in battle.

Fair Venus wept the sad disaster Of having lost her favorite dove. Prior.

2. To cease to have; to possess no longer; to suffer diminution of; as, to lose one's relish for anything; to lose one's health.

If the salt hath lost his savor, wherewith shall it be salted ? Matt. v. 13.

3. Not to employ; to employ ineffectually; to throw away; to waste; to squander; as, to lose a day; to lose the benefits of instruction.

The unhappy have but hours, and these they lose. Dryden.

4. To wander from; to miss, so as not to be able to and; to go astray from; as, to lose one's way.

He hath lost his fellows. Shak

5. To ruin; to destroy; as destroy; as, the ship was lost on the ledge.

The woman that deliberates is lost. Addison.

6. To be deprived of the view of; to cease to see or know the whereabouts of; as, he lost his companion in the crowd.

Like following life thro' creatures you dissect, You lose it in the moment you detect. Pope
.

7. To fail to obtain or enjoy; to fail to gain or win; hence, to fail to catch with the mind or senses; to miss; as, I lost a part of what he said.

He shall in no wise lose his reward. Matt. x. 42.
I fought the battle bravely which I lost, And lost it but to Macedonians. Dryden.

8. To cause to part with; to deprive of. [R.]

How should you go about to lose him a wife he loves with so much passion ? Sir W. Temple.

9. To prevent from gaining or obtaining.

O false heart ! thou hadst almost betrayed me to eternal flames, and lost me this glory. Baxter.
To lose ground, to fall behind; to suffer gradual loss or disadvantage. -- To lose heart, to lose courage; to become timid. "The mutineers lost heart." Macaulay. -- To lose one's head, to be thrown off one's balance; to lose the use of one's good sense or judgment.
In the excitement of such a discovery, many scholars lost their heads. Whitney.
-- To lose one's self. (a) To forget or mistake the bearing of surrounding objects; as, to lose one's self in a great city. (b) To have the perceptive and rational power temporarily suspended; as, we lose ourselves in sleep. -- To lose sight of. (a) To cease to see; as, to lose sight of the land. (b) To overlook; to forget; to fail to perceive; as, he lost sight of the issue.

Lose

Lose (?), v. i. To suffer loss, disadvantage, or defeat; to be worse off, esp. as the result of any kind of contest.
We 'll . . . hear poor rogues Talk of court news; and we'll talk with them too, Who loses and who wins; who's in, who's out. Shak.

Losel

Los"el (?), n. [From the root of lose, loss. Lorel.] One who loses by sloth or neglect; a worthless person; a lorel. [Archaic] Spenser.
One sad losel soils a name for aye. Byron.

Losel

Los"el, a. Wasteful; slothful.

Losenger

Los"en*ger (?), n. [OF. losengier, losengeor, fr. losengier to deceive, flatter, losenge, flattery, Pr. lauzenga, fr. L. laus praise. Cf. Lozenge.] A flatterer; a deceiver; a cozener. [Obs.] Chaucer.
To a fair pair of gallows, there to end their lives with shame, as a number of such other losengers had done. Holinshed.

Losengerie

Los"en*ger*ie (?), n. [OF.] Flattery; deceit; trickery. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Loser

Los"er (?), n. One who loses. South.

Losing

Lo"sing (?), a. [See Losenger.] Given to flattery or deceit; flattering; cozening. [Obs.]
Amongst the many simoniacal that swarmed in the land, Herbert, Bishop of Thetford, must not be forgotten; nick-named Losing, that is, the Fratterer. Fuller.

Losing

Los"ing (?), a. [See Lose, v. t.] Causing or incurring loss; as, a losing game or business.
Who strive sit out losing hands are lost. Herbert.

Losingly

Los"ing*ly (?), adv. In a manner to incur loss.

Loss

Loss (?), n. [AS. los loss, losing, fr. le\'a2san to lose. Lose, v. t.]

1. The act of losing; failure; destruction; privation; as, the loss of property; loss of money by gaming; loss of health or reputation.

Assured loss before the match be played. Shak.

2. The state of losing or having lost; the privation, defect, misfortune, harm, etc., which ensues from losing.

Though thou repent, yet I have still the loss. Shak

3. That which is lost or from which one has parted; waste; -- opposed to gain or increase; as, the loss of liquor by leakage was considerable.

4. The state of being lost or destroyed; especially, the wreck or foundering of a ship or other vessel.

5. Failure to gain or win; as, loss of a race or battle.

6. Failure to use advantageously; as, loss of time.

7. (Mil.) Killed, wounded, and captured persons, or captured property.

8. (Insurance) Destruction or diminution of value, if brought about in a manner provided for in the insurance contract (as destruction by fire or wreck, damage by water or smoke), or the death or injury of an insured person; also, the sum paid or payable therefor; as, the losses of the company this year amount to a million of dollars. To bear a loss, to make a loss good; also, to sustain a loss without sinking under it. -- To be at a loss, to be in a state of uncertainty. Syn. -- Privation; detriment; injury; damage.

Lossful

Loss"ful (?), a. Detrimental. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Lossless

Loss"less, a. Free from loss. [Obs.] Milton.

Lost

Lost (?), a. [Prop. p. p. of OE. losien. See Lose, v. t.]

1. Parted with unwillingly or unintentionally; not to be found; missing; as, a lost book or sheep.

2. Parted with; no longer held or possessed; as, a lost limb; lost honor.

3. Not employed or enjoyed; thrown away; employed ineffectually; wasted; squandered; as, a lost day; a lost opportunity or benefit.

5. Having wandered from, or unable to find, the way; bewildered; perplexed; as, a child lost in the woods; a stranger lost in London.

6. Ruined or destroyed, either physically or morally; past help or hope; as, a ship lost at sea; a woman lost to virtue; a lost soul.

7. Hardened beyond sensibility or recovery; alienated; insensible; as, lost to shame; lost to all sense of honor.

8. Not perceptible to the senses; no longer visible; as, an island lost in a fog; a person lost in a crowd.

9. Occupied with, or under the influence of, something, so as to be insensible of external things; as, to be lost in thought. Lost motion (Mach.), the difference between the motion of a driver and that of a follower, due to the yielding of parts or looseness of joints.

Lot

Lot (?), n. [AS. hlot; akin to hle\'a2tan to cast lots, OS. hl lot, D. lot, G. loos, OHG. l, Icel. hlutr, Sw. lott, Dan. lod, Goth. hlauts. Cf. Allot, Lotto, Lottery.]

1. That which happens without human design or forethought; chance; accident; hazard; fortune; fate.

But save my life, which lot before your foot doth lay. Spenser.

2. Anything (as a die, pebble, ball, or slip of paper) used in determining a question by chance, or without man's choice or will; as, to cast or draw lots.

The lot is cast into the lap, but the whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Prov. xvi. 33.
If we draw lots, he speeds. Shak.

3. The part, or fate, which falls to one, as it were, by chance, or without his planning.

O visions ill foreseen! Each day's lot's Enough to bear. Milton.
He was but born to try The lot of man -- to suffer and to die. Pope.

4. A separate portion; a number of things taken collectively; as, a lot of stationery; -- colloquially, sometimes of people; as, a sorry lot; a bad lot.

I, this winter, met with a very large lot of English heads, chiefly of the reign of James I. Walpole.

5. A distinct portion or plot of land, usually smaller than a field; as, a building lot in a city.

The defendants leased a house and lot in the city of New York. Kent.

6. A large quantity or number; a great deal; as, to spend a lot of money; lots of people think so. [Colloq.]

He wrote to her . . . he might be detained in London by a lot of business. W. Black.

7. A prize in a lottery. [Obs.] Evelyn. To cast in one's lot with, to share the fortunes of. -- To cast lots, to use or throw a die, or some other instrument, by the unforeseen turn or position of which, an event is by previous agreement determined. -- To draw lots, to determine an event, or make a decision, by drawing one thing from a number whose marks are concealed from the drawer. -- To pay scot and lot, to pay taxes according to one's ability. See Scot.

Lot

Lot (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lotted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lotting (?).] To allot; to sort; to portion. [R.] To lot on ∨ upon, to count or reckon upon; to expect with pleasure. [Colloq. U. S.]

Lote

Lote (?), n. [L. lotus, Gr. Lotus.] (Bot.) A large tree (Celtis australis), found in the south of Europe. It has a hard wood, and bears a cherrylike fruit. Called also nettle tree. Eng. Cyc.

Lote

Lote, n. [F. lotte.] (Zo\'94l.) The European burbot.

Lote

Lote (?), v. i. [AS. lutian.] To lurk; to lie hid. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Loth, a., Lothly, a. & adv., Lothsome

Loth (?), a., Loth"ly, a. & adv., Loth"some (, a.
, See Loath, Loathly, etc.

Lothario

Lo*tha"ri*o (?), n. [Name of a character in Rowe's drama, "The Fair Penitent."] A gay seducer of women; a libertine.

Lotion

Lo"tion (?), n. [L. lotio, fr. lavare, lotum, to wash: cf. F. lotion. See Lave to wash.]

1. A washing, especially of the skin for the purpose of rendering it fair.

2. A liquid preparation for bathing the skin, or an injured or diseased part, either for a medicinal purpose, or for improving its appearance.

Loto

Lo"to (?), n. See Lotto.

Lotong

Lo*tong" (?), n. [Malay l.] (Zo\'94l.) An East Indian monkey (Semnopithecus femoralis).

Lotophagi

Lo*toph"a*gi (?), n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.) A people visited by Ulysses in his wanderings. They subsisted on the lotus. See Lotus (b), and Lotus-eater.

Lotos

Lo"tos (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) See Lotus.

Lottery

Lot"ter*y (?), n.; pl. Lotteries (#). [Lot + -ery, as in brewery, bindery.]

1. A scheme for the distribution of prizes by lot or chance; esp., a gaming scheme in which one or more tickets bearing particular numbers draw prizes, and the rest of tickets are blanks. Fig. : An affair of chance. &hand; The laws of the United States and of most of the States make lotteries illegal.<-- except those conducted by the states themselves -->

2. Allotment; thing allotted. [Obs.] Shak.

Lotto

Lot"to (?), n. [F. loto or It. lotto, prop., a lot; of German origin. See Lot.] A game of chance, played with cards, on which are inscribed numbers, and any contrivance (as a wheel containing numbered balls) for determining a set of numbers by chance. The player holding a card having on it the set of numbers drawn from the wheel takes the stakes after a certain percentage of them has been deducted for the dealer. A variety of lotto is called keno. [Often written loto.]

Loture

Lo"ture (?), n. [L. lotura. See Lotion.] See Lotion. [Obs.] Holland.

Lotus

Lo"tus (?), n. [L. lotus, Gr. Lote.]

1. (Bot.) (a) A name of several kinds of water lilies; as Nelumbium speciosum, used in religious ceremonies, anciently in Egypt, and to this day in Asia; Nelumbium luteum, the American lotus; and Nymph\'91a Lotus and N. c\'91rulea, the respectively white-flowered and blue-flowered lotus of modern Egypt, which, with Nelumbium speciosum, are figured on its ancient monuments. (b) The lotus of the lotuseaters, probably a tree found in Northern Africa, Sicily, Portugal, and Spain (Zizyphus Lotus), the fruit of which is mildly sweet. It was fabled by the ancients to make strangers who ate of it forget their native country, or lose all desire to return to it. (c) The lote, or nettle tree. See Lote. (d) A genus (Lotus) of leguminous plants much resembling clover. [Written also lotos.] European lotus, a small tree (Diospyros Lotus) of Southern Europe and Asia; also, its rather large bluish black berry, which is called also the date plum.


Page 871

2. (Arch.) An ornament much used in Egyptian architecture, generally asserted to have been suggested by the Egyptian water lily.

Lotus-eater, Lotos-eater

Lo"tus-eat`er (?), Lo"tos-eat`er (?), n. (Class. Myth.) One who ate the fruit or leaf of the lotus, and, as a consequence, gave himself up to indolence and daydreams; one of the Lotophagi.
The mild-eyed melancholy Lotos-eaters. Tennyson.

Louchettes

Lou*chettes" (?), n. pl. [F.] Goggles intended to rectify strabismus by permitting vision only directly in front. Knight.

Loud

Loud (?), a. [Compar. Louder (?); superl. Loudest.] [OE. loud, lud, AS. hl; akin to OS. hl, D. luid, OHG. l, G. laut, L. -clutus, in inclutus, inclitus, celebrated, renowned, cluere to be called, Gr. . Client, Listen, Slave a serf.]

1. Having, making, or being a strong or great sound; noisy; striking the ear with great force; as, a loud cry; loud thunder.

They were instant with loud voices, requiring that he might be crucified. Luke xxiii. 23.

2. Clamorous; boisterous.

She is loud and stubborn. Prov. vii. 11.

3. Emphatic; impressive; urgent; as, a loud call for united effort. [Colloq.]

4. Ostentatious; likely to attract attention; gaudy; as, a loud style of dress; loud colors. [Slang] Syn. -- Noisy; boisterous; vociferous; clamorous; obstreperous; turbulent; blustering; vehement.

Loud

Loud, adv. [AS. hl&umac;de.] With loudness; loudly.
To speak loud in public assemblies. Addison.

Loudful

Loud"ful (?), a. Noisy. [Obs.] Marsion.

Loudly

Loud"ly, adv. In a loud manner. Denham.

Loud-mouthed

Loud"-mouthed` (?), a. Having a loud voice; talking or sounding noisily; noisily impudent.

Loudness

Loud"ness, n. The quality or state of being loud.

Loud-voiced

Loud"-voiced` (?), a. Having a loud voice; noisy; clamorous. Byron.

Lough

Lough (?), n. [See 1st Loch.] A loch or lake; -- so spelt in Ireland.

Lough

Lough (?), obs. strong imp. of Laugh. Chaucer.

Louis d'or

Lou"is d'or` (?). [F., gold louis.] Formerly, a gold coin of France nominally worth twenty shillings sterling, but of varying value; -- first struck in 1640.

Lonis quatorze

Lon"is qua*torze" (?). [F., Louis fourteenth.] Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the art or style of the times of Louis XIV. of France; as, Louis quatorze architecture.

Louk

Louk (?), n. An accomplice; a "pal." [Obs.]
There is no thief without a louk. Chaucer.

Lounge

Lounge (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lounged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lounging (?).] [OE. lungis a tall, slow, awkward fellow, OF. longis, longin, said to be fr. Longinus, the name of the centurion who pierced the body of Christ, but with reference also to L. longus long. Cf. Long, a.] To spend time lazily, whether lolling or idly sauntering; to pass time indolently; to stand, sit, or recline, in an indolent manner.
We lounge over the sciences, dawdle through literature, yawn over politics. J. Hannay.

Lounge

Lounge, n.

1. An idle gait or stroll; the state of reclining indolently; a place of lounging.

She went with Lady Stock to a bookseller's whose shop lounge. Miss Edgeworth.

2. A piece of furniture resembling a sofa, upon which one may lie or recline.

Lounger

Loun"ger (?), n. One who lounges; ar idler.

Loup

Loup (?), n. (Iron Works) See 1st Loop.

Loup-cervier

Loup"-cer`vier" (?), n. [F. Cf. Lusern.] (Zo\'94l.) The Canada lynx. See Lynx.

Loup-loup

Loup`-loup" (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) The Pomeranian or Spitz dog.

Loups

Loups (?), n. pl.; sing. Loup. [F., prop., a wolf.] (Ethnol.) The Pawnees, a tribe of North American Indians whose principal totem was the wolf.

Lour

Lour (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) An Asiatic sardine (Clupea Neohowii), valued for its oil.

Louri

Lou"ri (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Lory.

Louse

Louse (?), n.; pl. Lice (#). [OE. lous, AS. l, pl. l; akin to D. luis, G. laus, OHG. l, Icel. l, Sw. lus, Dan. luus; perh. so named because it is destructive, and akin to E. lose, loose.] (Zo\'94l.)

1. Any one of numerous species of small, wingless, suctorial, parasitic insects belonging to a tribe (Pediculina), now usually regarded as degraded Hemiptera. To this group belong of the lice of man and other mammals; as, the head louse of man (Pediculus capitis), the body louse (P. vestimenti), and the crab louse (Phthirius pubis), and many others. See Crab louse, Dog louse, Cattle louse, etc., under Crab, Dog, etc.

2. Any one of numerous small mandibulate insects, mostly parasitic on birds, and feeding on the feathers. They are known as Mallophaga, or bird lice, though some occur on the hair of mammals. They are usually regarded as degraded Pseudoneuroptera. See Mallophaga.

3. Any one of the numerous species of aphids, or plant lice. See Aphid.

4. Any small crustacean parasitic on fishes. See Branchiura, and Ichthvophthira. &hand; The term is also applied to various other parasites; as, the whale louse, beelouse, horse louse. Louse fly (Zo\'94l.), a parasitic dipterous insect of the group Pupipara. Some of them are wingless, as the bee louse. -- Louse mite (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of mites which infest mammals and birds, clinging to the hair and feathers like lice. They belong to Myobia, Dermaleichus, Mycoptes, and several other genera.

Louse

Louse (?), v. t. To clean from lice. "You sat and loused him." Swift.

Lousewort

Louse"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any species of Pedicularis, a genus of perennial herbs. It was said to make sheep that fed on it lousy. Yellow lousewort , a plant of the genus Rhinanthus.

Lousily

Lous"i*ly (?), adv. [From Lousy.] In a lousy manner; in a mean, paltry manner; scurvily. [Vulgar]

Lousiness

Lous"i*ness, n. The state or quality of being lousy.

Lousy

Lous"y (?), a.

1. Infested with lice.

2. Mean; contemptible; as, lousy knave. [Vulgar]<-- informal but common(1950-96) -->

Such lousy learning as this is. Bale.
<-- 3. very bad [RH2: "wretchedly bad"]. To feel lousy; to do a lousy job. -->

Lout

Lout (?), v. i. [OE. louten, luten, AS. l; akin to Icel. l, Dan. lude, OHG. l to lie hid.] To bend; to box; to stoop. [Archaic] Chaucer. Longfellow.
He fair the knight saluted, louting low. Spenser.

Lout

Lout, n. [Formerly also written lowt.] A clownish, awkward fellow; a bumpkin. Sir P. Sidney.

Lout

Lout, v. t. To treat as a lout or fool; to neglect; to disappoint. [Obs.] Shak.

Loutish

Lout"ish, a. Clownish; rude; awkward. "Loutish clown." Sir P. Sidney. -- Lout"ish*ly, adv. -- Lout"*ish*ness, n.

Loutou

Lou*tou" (?), n. [Native names.] (Zo\'94l.) A crested black monkey (Semnopithecus maurus) of Java.

Louver, Louvre

Lou"ver, Lou"vre (?), n. [OE. lover, OF. lover, lovier; or l'ouvert the opening, fr. overt, ouvert, p. p. of ovrir, ouvrir, to open, F. ouvrir. Cf. Overt.] (Arch.) A small lantern. See Lantern, 2 (a) [Written also lover, loover, lovery, and luffer.] <-- 2. same as louver boards; (b) a set of slats resembling louver boards, arranged in a vertical row and attached at each slat end to a frame inserted in a door or window; the slats may be made of wood, plastic, or metal, and the angle of inclination of the slats may be adjustable simultaneously, to allow more or less light or air into the enclosure. --> Louver boards ∨ boarding, the sloping boards set to shed rainwater outward in openings which are to be left otherwise unfilled; as belfry windows, the openings of a louver, etc. -- Louver work, slatted work. <-- Louver, v. to supply with louvers; louvered doors, louvered windows -->

Lovable

Lov"a*ble (?), a. Having qualities that excite, or are fitted to excite, love; worthy of love.
Elaine the fair, Elaine the lovable, Elaine, the lily maid of Astolat. Tennyson.

Lovage

Lov"age (?), n. [F. liv\'8ache, fr. L. levisticum, ligusticum, a plant indigenous to Liguria, lovage, from Ligusticus Ligustine, Ligurian, Liguria a country of Cisalpine Gaul.] (Bot.) An umbelliferous plant (Levisticum officinale), sometimes used in medicine as an aromatic stimulant.

Love

Love (?), n. [OE. love, luve, AS. lufe, lufu; akin to E.lief, believe, L. lubet, libet,it pleases, Skr. lubh to be lustful. See Lief.]

1. A feeling of strong attachment induced by that which delights or commands admiration; pre\'89minent kindness or devotion to another; affection; tenderness; as, the love of brothers and sisters.

Of all the dearest bonds we prove Thou countest sons' and mothers' love Most sacred, most Thine own. Keble.

2. Especially, devoted attachment to, or tender or passionate affection for, one of the opposite sex.

He on his side Leaning half-raised, with looks of cordial love Hung over her enamored. Milton.

3. Courtship; -- chiefly in the phrase to make love, i. e., to court, to woo, to solicit union in marriage.

Demetrius . . . Made love to Nedar's daughter, Helena, And won her soul. Shak.

4. Affection; kind feeling; friendship; strong liking or desire; fondness; good will; -- opposed to hate; often with of and an object.

Love, and health to all. Shak.
Smit with the love of sacred song. Milton.
The love of science faintly warmed his breast. Fenton.

5. Due gratitude and reverence to God.

Keep yourselves in the love of God. Jude 21.

6. The object of affection; -- often employed in endearing address. "Trust me, love." Dryden.

Open the temple gates unto my love. Spenser.

7. Cupid, the god of love; sometimes, Venus.

Such was his form as painters, when they show Their utmost art, on naked Lores bestow. Dryden.
Therefore do nimble-pinioned doves draw Love. Shak.

8. A thin silk stuff. [Obs.] Boyle.

9. (Bot.) A climbing species of Clematis (C. Vitalba).

10. Nothing; no points scored on one side; -- used in counting score at tennis, etc.

He won the match by three sets to love. The Field.
&hand; Love is often used in the formation of compounds, in most of which the meaning is very obvious; as, love-cracked, love-darting, love-killing, love-linked, love-taught, etc. A labor of love, a labor undertaken on account of regard for some person, or through pleasure in the work itself, without expectation of reward. -- Free love, the doctrine or practice of consorting with one of the opposite sex, at pleasure, without marriage. See Free love. -- Free lover, one who avows or practices free love. -- In love, in the act of loving; -- said esp. of the love of the sexes; as, to be in love; to fall in love. -- Love apple (Bot.), the tomato. -- Love bird (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small, short-tailed parrots, or parrakeets, of the genus Agapornis, and allied genera. They are mostly from Africa. Some species are often kept as cage birds, and are celebrated for the affection which they show for their mates. -- Love broker, a person who for pay acts as agent between lovers, or as a go-between in a sexual intrigue. Shak. -- Love charm, a charm for exciting love. Ld. Lytton. -- Love child. an illegitimate child. Jane Austen. -- Love day, a day formerly appointed for an amicable adjustment of differences. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Chaucer. -- Love drink, a love potion; a philter. Chaucer. -- Love favor, something given to be worn in token of love. -- Love feast, a religious festival, held quarterly by some religious denominations, as the Moravians and Methodists, in imitation of the agap\'91 of the early Christians. -- Love feat, the gallant act of a lover. Shak. -- Love game, a game, as in tennis, in which the vanquished person or party does not score a point. -- Love grass. [G. liebesgras.] (Bot.) Any grass of the genus Eragrostis. -- Love-in-a-mist. (Bot.) (a) An herb of the Buttercup family (Nigella Damascena) having the flowers hidden in a maze of finely cut bracts. (b) The West Indian Passiflora f\'d2tida, which has similar bracts. -- Love-in-idleness (Bot.), a kind of violet; the small pansy.
A little western flower, Before milk-white, now purple with love's wound; And maidens call it love-in-idleness. Shak.
-- Love juice, juice of a plant supposed to produce love. Shak. -- Love knot, a knot or bow, as of ribbon; -- so called from being used as a token of love, or as a pledge of mutual affection. Milman. -- Love lass, a sweetheart. -- Love letter, a letter of courtship. Shak. -- Love-lies-bleeding (Bot.), a species of amaranth (Amarantus melancholicus). -- Love match, a marriage brought about by love alone. -- Love potion, a compounded draught intended to excite love, or venereal desire. -- Love rites, sexual intercourse. Pope -- Love scene, an exhibition of love, as between lovers on the stage. -- Love suit, courtship. Shak. -- Of all loves, for the sake of all love; by all means. [Obs.] "Mrs. Arden desired him of all loves to come back again." Holinshed. -- The god of love, ∨ Love god, Cupid. -- To make love to, to express affection for; to woo. "If you will marry, make your loves to me." Shak. -- To play for love, to play a game, as at cards, without stakes. "A game at piquet for love." Lamb. Syn. -- Affection; friendship; kindness; tenderness; fondness; delight.

Love

Love (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Loved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Loving.] [AS. lufian. Love, n.]

1. To have a feeling of love for; to regard with affection or good will; as, to love one's children and friends; to love one's country; to love one's God.

Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. Matt. xxii. 37.
Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thy self. Matt. xxii. 39.

2. To regard with passionate and devoted affection, as that of one sex for the other.

3. To take delight or pleasure in; to have a strong liking or desire for, or interest in; to be pleased with; to like; as, to love books; to love adventures.

Wit, eloquence, and poetry. Arts which I loved. Cowley.

Love

Love, v. i. To have the feeling of love; to be in love.

Loveable

Love"a*ble (?), a. See Lovable.

Lovedrury

Love"*dru`ry, n. [Love + OF. druerie. Cf. Druery.] Affection. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lovee

Lov*ee" (?), n. One who is loved. [Humorous] "The lover and lovee." Richardson.

Loveful

Love"ful (?), a. Full of love. [Obs.] Sylvester.

Loveless

Love"less, a.

1. Void of love; void of tenderness or kindness. Milton. Shelton.

2. Not attracting love; unattractive.

These are ill-favored to see to; and yet, asloveless as they be, they are not without some medicinable virtues. Holland.

Lovelily

Love"li*ly (?), adv. [From Lovely.] In manner to excite love; amiably. [R.] Otway.

Loveliness

Love"li*ness, n. [From Lovely.] The state or quality of being lovely.
If there is such a native loveliness in the sex as to make them victorious when in the wrong, how resistless their power when they are on the side of truth! Spectator.

Lovelock

Love"lock` (?), n. A long lock of hair hanging prominently by itself; an earlock; -- worn by men of fashion in the reigns of Elizabeth and James I. Burton.
A long lovelock and long hair he wore. Sir W. Scott.

Lovelorn

Love"lorn` (?), a. Forsaken by one's love.
The lovelorn nightingale. Milton.

Lovely

Love"ly (?), a. [Compar. Lovelier (?); superl. Loveliest.] [AS. luflic.]

1. Having such an appearance as excites, or is fitted to excite, love; beautiful; charming; very pleasing in form, looks, tone, or manner. "Lovely to look on." Piers Plowman.

Not one so fair of face, of speech so lovely. Robert of Brunne.
If I had such a tire, this face of mine Were full as lovely as is this of hers. Shak.

2. Lovable; amiable; having qualities of any kind which excite, or are fitted to excite, love or friendship.

A most lovely gentlemanlike man. Shak.

3. Loving; tender. [Obs.] "A lovely kiss." Shak.

Many a lovely look on them he cast. Chaucer.

4. Very pleasing; -- applied loosely to almost anything which is not grand or merely pretty; as, a lovely view; a lovely valley; a lovely melody.

Indeed these fields Are lovely, lovelier not the Elysian lawns. Tennyson.
Syn. -- Beautiful; charming; delightful; delectable; enchanting; lovable; amiable.

Lovely

Love"ly, adv. In a manner to please, or to excite love. [Obs. or R.] Tyndale.

Love-making

Love"-mak`ing (?), n. Courtship. Bacon.

Lovemonger

Love"mon`ger (?), n. One who deals in affairs of love.[Obs.] Shak.

Lover

Lov"er (?), n.

1. One who loves; one who is in love; -- usually limited, in the singular, to a person of the male sex. Gower.

Love is blind, and lovers can not see The pretty follies that themselves commit. Shak.

2. A friend; one strongly attached to another; one who greatly desires the welfare of any person or thing; as, a lover of his country.

I slew my best lover for the good of Rome. Shak.

3. One who has a strong liking for anything, as books, science, or music. "A lover of knowledge." T. Burnet.


Page 872

Lover, Lovery

Lo"ver (?), Lo"ver*y (?), n. See Louver. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Loverwise

Lo"ver*wise` (?), adv. As lovers do.
As they sat down here loverwise. W. D. Howells.

Love-sick

Love"-sick` (?), a.

1. Languishing with love or amorous desire; as, a love-sick maid.

To the dear mistress of my love-sick mind. Dryden.

2. Originating in, or expressive of, languishing love.

Where nightingales their love-sick ditty sing. Dryden.

Love-sickness

Love"-sick`ness, n. The state of being love-sick.

Lovesome

Love"some (?), a. [AS. lufsum.] Lovely. [Obs.]

Loving

Lov"ing (?), a.

1. Affectionate.

The fairest and most loving wife in Greece. Tennyson.

2. Expressing love or kindness; as, loving words.

Loving-kindness

Lov"ing-kind"ness (?), n. Tender regard; mercy; favor. Ps. lxxxix. 33.

Lovingly

Lov"ing*ly, adv. With love; affectionately.

Lovingness

Lov"ing*ness, n. Affection; kind regard.
The only two bands of good will, loveliness and lovingness. Sir. P. Sidney.

Lovyer

Lov"yer (?), n. A lover. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Low

Low (?), obs, strong imp. of Laugh. Chaucer.

Low

Low (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lowing.] [OE. lowen, AS. hl; akin to D. loeijen, OHG. hl, hluojan.] To make the calling sound of cows and other bovine animals; to moo.
The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea. Gray.

Low

Low, n. The calling sound ordinarily made by cows and other bovine animals.
Talking voices and the law of herds. Wordsworth.

Low

Low, n. [AS. hl\'bew; akin to Goth. hlaiw a grave, hlains a hill, and to E. lean to incline.] A hill; a mound; a grave. [Obs. except in place names.] Skeat.

Low

Low (?), n. [Icel. log, logi; akin to E. light, n.] Fire; a flame; a light. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

Low

Low, v. i. To burn; to blaze. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Burns.

Low

Low (?), a. [Compar. Lower (?); superl. Lowest.] [OE. low, louh, lah, Icel. l\'begr; akin to Sw. l\'86g, Dan. lav, D. laag, and E. lie. See Lie to be prostrate.]

1. Occupying an inferior position or place; not high or elevated; depressed in comparison with something else; as, low ground; a low flight.

2. Not rising to the usual height; as, a man of low stature; a low fence.

3. Near the horizon; as, the sun is low at four o'clock in winter, and six in summer.

4. Sunk to the farthest ebb of the tide; as, low tide.

5. Beneath the usual or remunerative rate or amount, or the ordinary value; moderate; cheap; as, the low price of corn; low wages.

6. Not loud; as, a low voice; a low sound.

7. (Mus.) Depressed in the scale of sounds; grave; as, a low pitch; a low note.

8. (Phon.) Made, as a vowel, with a low position of part of the tongue in relation to the palate; as, . See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 5, 10, 11.

9. Near, or not very distant from, the equator; as, in the low northern latitudes.

10. Numerically small; as, a low number.

11. Wanting strength or animation; depressed; dejected; as, low spirits; low in spirits.

12. Depressed in condition; humble in rank; as, men of low condition; the lower classes.

Why but to keep ye low and ignorant ? Milton.

13. Mean; vulgar; base; dishonorable; as, a person of low mind; a low trick or stratagem.

14. Not elevated or sublime; not exalted or diction; as, a low comparison.

In comparison of these divine writers, the noblest wits of the heathen world are low and dull. Felton.

15. Submissive; humble. "Low reverence." Milton.

16. Deficient in vital energy; feeble; weak; as, a low pulse; made low by sickness.

17. Moderate; not intense; not inflammatory; as, low heat; a low temperature; a low fever.

18. Smaller than is reasonable or probable; as, a low estimate.

19. Not rich, high seasoned, or nourishing; plain; simple; as, a low diet. &hand; Low is often used in the formation of compounds which require no special explanation; as, low-arched, low- browed, low-crowned, low-heeled, low-lying, low-priced, low-roofed, low-toned, low-voiced, and the like. Low Church. See High Church, under High. -- Low Countries, the Netherlands. -- Low German, Low Latin, etc. See under German, Latin, etc. -- Low life, humble life. -- Low milling, a process of making flour from grain by a single grinding and by siftings. -- Low relief. See Bas-relief. -- Low side window (Arch.), a peculiar form of window common in medi\'91val churches, and of uncertain use. Windows of this sort are narrow, near the ground, and out of the line of the windows, and in many different situations in the building. -- Low spirits, despondency. -- Low steam, steam having a low pressure. -- Low steel, steel which contains only a small proportion of carbon, and can not be hardened greatly by sudden cooling. -- Low Sunday, the Sunday next after Easter; -- popularly so called. -- Low tide, the farthest ebb of the tide; the tide at its lowest point; low water. -- Low water. (a) The lowest point of the ebb tide; a low stage of the in a river, lake, etc. (b) (Steam Boiler) The condition of an insufficient quantity of water in the boiler. -- Low water alarm ∨ indicator (Steam Boiler), a contrivance of various forms attached to a boiler for giving warning when the water is low. -- Low water mark, that part of the shore to which the waters recede when the tide is the lowest. Bouvier. -- Low wine, a liquor containing about 20 percent of alcohol, produced by the first distillation of wash; the first run of the still; -- often in the plural.

Low

Low, n. (Card Playing) The lowest trump, usually the deuce; the lowest trump dealt or drawn.

Low

Low, adv.

1. In a low position or manner; not aloft; not on high; near the ground.

2. Under the usual price; at a moderate price; cheaply; as, he sold his wheat low.

3. In a low mean condition; humbly; meanly.

4. In time approaching our own.

In that part of the world which was first inhabited, even as low down as Abraham's time, they wandered with their flocks and herds. Locke.

5. With a low voice or sound; not loudly; gently; as, to speak low. Addison.

The . . . odorous wind Breathes low between the sunset and the moon. Tennyson.

6. With a low musical pitch or tone.

Can sing both high and low. Shak.

7. In subjection, poverty, or disgrace; as, to be brought low by oppression, by want, or by vice. Spenser.

8. (Astron.) In a path near the equator, so that the declination is small, or near the horizon, so that the altitude is small; -- said of the heavenly bodies with reference to the diurnal revolution; as, the moon runs low, that is, is comparatively near the horizon when on or near the meridian.

Low

Low (?), v. t. To depress; to lower. [Obs.] Swift.

Lowbell

Low"bell` (?), n. [Low a flame + bell.]

1. A bell used in fowling at night, to frighten birds, and, with a sudden light, to make them fly into a net.

The fowler's lowbell robs the lark of sleep. King.

2. A bell to be hung on the neck of a sheep.

A lowbell hung about a sheep's . . . neck. Howell.

Lowbell

Low"bell`, v. t. To frighten, as with a lowbell.

Lowborn

Low"born` (?), a. Born in a low condition or rank; -- opposed to highborn.

Lowbred

Low"bred` (?), a. Bred, or like one bred, in a low condition of life; characteristic or indicative of such breeding; rude; impolite; vulgar; as, a lowbred fellow; a lowbred remark.

Low-church

Low"-church` (?), a. Not placing a high estimate on ecclesiastical organizations or forms; -- applied especially to Episcopalians, and opposed to high-church. See High Church, under High.

Low-churchism

Low"-church`ism (?), n. The principles of the low-church party.

Low-churchman

Low"-church`man (?), n.; pl. -men (. One who holds low-church principles.

Low-churchmanship

Low"-church`man*ship, n. The state of being a low-churchman.

Lower

Low"er (?), a. Compar. of Low, a. <-- irregular format -->

Lower

Low"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lowered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lowering.] [From Low, a.]

1. To let descend by its own weight, as something suspended; to let down; as, to lower a bucket into a well; to lower a sail or a boat; sometimes, to pull down; as, to lower a flag.

Lowered softly with a threefold cord of love Down to a silent grave. Tennyson.

2. To reduce the height of; as, to lower a fence or wall; to lower a chimney or turret.

3. To depress as to direction; as, to lower the aim of a gun; to make less elevated as to object; as, to lower one's ambition, aspirations, or hopes.

4. To reduce the degree, intensity, strength, etc., of; as, to lower the temperature of anything; to lower one's vitality; to lower distilled liquors.

5. To bring down; to humble; as, to lower one's pride.

6. To reduce in value, amount, etc. ; as, to lower the price of goods, the rate of interest, etc.

Lower

Low"er, v. i. To fall; to sink; to grow less; to diminish; to decrease; as, the river lowered as rapidly as it rose.

Lower

Low"er (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lowered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lowering.] [OE. lowren, luren; cf. D. loeren, LG. luren. G. lauern to lurk, to be on the watch, and E. leer, lurk.]

1. To be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds; to be covered with dark and threatening clouds, as the sky; to show threatening signs of approach, as a tempest.

All the clouds that lowered upon our house. Shak.

2. To frown; to look sullen.

But sullen discontent sat lowering on her face. Dryden.

Lower

Low"er, n. [Obs.]

1. Cloudiness; gloominess.

2. A frowning; sullenness.

Lower-case

Low"er-case` (?), a. (Print.) Pertaining to, or kept in, the lower case; -- used to denote the small letters, in distinction from capitals and small capitals. See the Note under 1st Case, n., 3.

Lowering

Low"er*ing (?), a. Dark and threatening; gloomy; sullen; as, lowering clouds or sky.

Loweringly

Low"er*ing*ly, adv. In a lowering manner; with cloudiness or threatening gloom.

Lowermost

Low"er*most` (?), a. [Irreg. superl. of Low. Cf. Uppermost, Foremost, etc.] Lowest.

Lowery

Low"er*y (?), a. Cloudy; gloomy; lowering; as, a lowery sky; lowery weather.

Lowgh, Lowh

Lowgh (?), Lowh, obs. strong imp. of Laugh. [Cf. 1st Low and 2d Lough.] <-- irregular format --> Chaucer.

Lowing

Low"ing (?), n. The calling sound made by cows and other bovine animals.

Lowish

Low"ish, a. Somewhat low. [Colloq.] Richardson.

Lowk

Lowk (?), n. See Louk. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lowland

Low"land (?), n. Land which is low with respect to the neighboring country; a low or level country; -- opposed to highland. The Lowlands, Belgium and Holland; the Netherlands; also, the southern part of Scotland.

Lowlander

Low"land*er (?), n. A native or inhabitant of the Lowlands, especially of the Lowlands of Scotland, as distinguished from Highlander.

Lowlihood, Lowlihead

Low"li*hood (?), Low"li*head (?), n. A lowly state. [R.] Tennyson.

Lowlily

Low"li*ly, adv. In a lowly place or manner; humbly. [Obs. or R.]
Thinking lowlily of himself and highly of those better than himself. J. C. Shairp.

Lowliness

Low"li*ness, n. [From Lowly.]

1. The state or quality of being lowly; humility; humbleness of mind.

Walk . . . with all lowliness and meekness. Eph. iv. 1, 2.

2. Low condition, especially as to manner of life.

The lowliness of my fortune has not brought me to flatter vice. Dryden.

Low-lived

Low"-lived` (?), a. Characteristic of, or like, one bred in a low and vulgar condition of life; mean dishonorable; contemptible; as, low-lived dishonesty.

Lowly

Low"ly (?), a. [Compar. Lowlier (?); superl. Lowliest.] [Low, a. + -ly.]

1. Not high; not elevated in place; low. "Lowly lands." Dryden.

2. Low in rank or social importance.

One common right the great and lowly claims. Pope.

3. Not lofty or sublime; humble.

These rural poems, and their lowly strain. Dryden.

4. Having a low esteem of one's own worth; humble; meek; free from pride.

Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me, for I am meek and lowly in heart. Matt. xi. 29.

Lowly

Low"ly, adv.

1. In a low manner; humbly; meekly; modestly. "Be lowly wise." Milton.

2. In a low condition; meanly.

I will show myself highly fed, and lowly taught. Shak.

Low-minded

Low"-mind`ed (?), a. Inclined in mind to low or unworthy things; showing a base mind.
Low-minded and immoral. Macaulay.
All old religious jealousies were condemned as low-minded infirmities. Bancroft.

Low-mindedness

Low"-mind`ed*ness, n. The quality of being lowminded; meanness; baseness.

Lown

Lown (?), n. [See Loon.] A low fellow. [Obs.]

Low-necked

Low"-necked` (?), a. Cut low in the neck; decollete; -- said of a woman's dress.

Lowness

Low"ness, n. The state or quality of being low.

Low-pressure

Low"-pres`sure (?), a. Having, employing, or exerting, a low degree of pressure. Low-pressure steam engine, a steam engine in which low steam is used; often applied to a condensing engine even when steam at high pressure is used. See Steam engine.

Lowry

Low"ry (?), n. An open box car used on railroads. Compare Lorry.

Low-spirited

Low"-spir`it*ed (?), a. Deficient in animation and courage; dejected; depressed; not sprightly. -- Low"-spir`it*ed*ness, n.

Low-studded

Low"-stud`ded (?), a. Furnished or built with short studs; as, a low-studded house or room.

Low-thoughted

Low"-thought`ed (?), a. Having one's thoughts directed toward mean or insignificant subjects.

Loxodromic

Lox`o*drom"ic (?), a. [Gr. loxodromique.] Pertaining to sailing on rhumb lines; as, loxodromic tables. Loxodromic curve ∨ line (Geom.), a line on the surface of a sphere, which always makes an equal angle with every meridian; the rhumb line. It is the line on which a ship sails when her course is always in the direction of one and the same point of the compass.

Loxodromics

Lox`o*drom"ics (?), n. The art or method of sailing on the loxodromic or rhumb line.

Loxodremism

Lox*od"re*mism (?), n. The act or process of tracing a loxodromic curve; the act of moving as if in a loxodromic curve.

Loxodromy

Lox*od"ro*my (?), n. [Cf. F. loxodromic.] The science of loxodromics. [R.]

Loy

Loy (?), n. A long, narrow spade for stony lands.

Loyal

Loy"al (?), a. [F. loyal, OF. loial, leial, L. legalis, fr. lex, legis, law. See Legal, and cf. Leal.]

1. Faithful to law; upholding the lawful authority; faithful and true to the lawful government; faithful to the prince or sovereign to whom one is subject; unswerving in allegiance.

Welcome, sir John ! But why come you in arms ? - To help King Edward in his time of storm, As every loyal subject ought to do. Shak.

2. True to any person or persons to whom one owes fidelity, especially as a wife to her husband, lovers to each other, and friend to friend; constant; faithful to a cause or a principle.

Your true and loyal wife. Shak.
Unhappy both, but loyaltheir loves. Dryden.

Loyalist

Loy"al*ist, n. A person who adheres to his sovereign or to the lawful authority; especially, one who maintains his allegiance to his prince or government, and defends his cause in times of revolt or revolution.

Loyally

Loy"al*ly, adv. In a loyal manner; faithfully.

Loyalness

Loy"al*ness, n. Loyalty. [R.] Stow.

Loyally

Loy"al*ly (?), n. [Cf. F. loyaute. See Loyal, and cf. Legality.] The state or quality of being loyal; fidelity to a superior, or to duty, love, etc.
He had such loyalty to the king as the law required. Clarendon.
Not withstanding all the subtle bait With which those Amazons his love still craved, To his one love his loyalty he saved. Spenser.
&hand; "Loyalty . . . expresses, properly, that fidelity which one owes according to law, and does not necessarily include that attachment to the royal person, which, happily, we in England have been able further to throw into the word." Trench. Syn. -- Allegiance; fealty. See Allegiance.

Lozenge

Loz"enge (?), n. [F. lozange, losange; perh. the same as OF. losengef flattery, praise, the heraldic sense being the oldest (cf. E. hatchment, blazon). Cf. Losenger, Laudable.]

1. (Her.) (a) A diamond-shaped figure usually with the upper and lower angles slightly acute, borne upon a shield or escutcheon. Cf. Fusil. (b) A form of the escutcheon used by women instead of the shield which is used by men.

2. A figure with four equal sides, having two acute and two obtuse angles; a rhomb.

3. Anything in the form of lozenge.

4. A small cake of sugar and starch, flavored, and often medicated. -- originally in the form of a lozenge. Lozenge coach, the coach of a dowager, having her coat of arms painted on a lozenge. [Obs.] Walpole. -- Lozenge-molding (Arch.), a kind of molding, used in Norman architecture, characterized by lozenge-shaped ornaments.


Page 873

Lozenged, Lozenge-shaped

Loz"enged (?), Loz"enge-shaped` (?), a. Having the form of a lozenge or rhomb.
The lozenged panes of a very small latticed window. C. Bront\'82.

Lozengy

Loz"en*gy (?), a. [F. losang\'82. See Lozenge.] (Her.) Divided into lozenge-shaped compartments, as the field or a bearing, by lines drawn in the direction of the bend sinister.

Lu

Lu (?), n. & v. t. See Loo.

Lubbard

Lub"bard (?), n. [See Lubber.] A lubber. [Obs.] Swift.

Lubbard

Lub"bard, a. Lubberly.

Lubber

Lub"ber (?), n. [Cf. dial. Sw. lubber. See Looby, Lob.] A heavy, clumsy, or awkward fellow; a sturdy drone; a clown.
Lingering lubbers lose many a penny. Tusser.
Land lubber, a name given in contempt by sailors to a person who lives on land. -- Lubber grasshopper (Zo\'94l.), a large, stout, clumsy grasshopper; esp., Brachystola magna, from the Rocky Mountain plains, and Romalea microptera, which is injurious to orange trees in Florida. -- Lubber's hole (Naut.), a hole in the floor of the "top," next the mast, through which sailors may go aloft without going over the rim by the futtock shrouds. It is considered by seamen as only fit to be used by lubbers. Totten. -- Lubber's line, point, ∨ mark, a line or point in the compass case indicating the head of the ship, and consequently the course which the ship is steering.

Lubberly

Lub"ber*ly, a. Like a lubber; clumsy.
A great lubberly boy. Shak.

Lubberly

Lub"ber*ly, adv. Clumsily; awkwardly. Dryden.

Lubric, Lubrical

Lu"bric (?), Lu"bric*al (?), a. [L. lubricus: cf. F. lubrique.]

1. Having a smooth surface; slippery. [R.]

2. Lascivious; wanton; lewd. [R.]

This lubric and adulterate age. Dryden.

Lubricant

Lu"bri*cant (?), a. [L. lubricans, p. pr. of lubricare, See Lubricate.] Lubricating.

Lubricant

Lu"bri*cant, n. That which lubricates; specifically, a substance, as oil, grease, plumbago, etc., used for reducing the friction of the working parts of machinery.

Lubricate

Lu"bri*cate (?), v. t. [L. lubricatus, p. p. of lubricare to lubricate. See Lubric.]

1. To make smooth or slippery; as, mucilaginous and saponaceous remedies lubricate the parts to which they are applied. S. Sharp.

Supples, lubricates, and keeps in play, The various movements of this nice machine. Young.

2. To apply a lubricant to, as oil or tallow.

Lubrication

Lu`bri*ca"tion (?), n. The act of lubricating; the act of making slippery.

Lubricator

Lu"bri*ca`tor (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, lubricates. " Lubricator of the fibers." Burke.

2. A contrivance, as an oil cup, for supplying a lubricant to machinery.

Lubricitate

Lu*bric"i*tate (?), v. i. See Lubricate.

Lubricity

Lu*bric"i*ty (?), n. [L. lubricitas: cf. F. lubricit\'82.]

1. Smoothness; freedom from friction; also, property, which diminishes friction; as, the lubricity of oil. Ray.

2. Slipperiness; instability; as, the lubricity of fortune. L'Estrange.

3. Lasciviousness; propensity to lewdness; lewdness; lechery; incontinency. Sir T. Herbert.

As if wantonness and lubricity were essential to that poem. Dryden.

Lubricous

Lu"bri*cous (?), a. [L. lubricus.] Lubric.

Lubrification, Lubrifaction

Lu`bri*fi*ca"tion (?), Lu`bri*fac"tion (?), n. [L. lubricus lubric + facere to make.] The act of lubricating, or making smooth. Ray. Bacon.

Lucarne

Lu`carne" (?), n. [F., fr. L. lucerna a lamp. See Luthern.] (Arch.) A dormer window.

Lucchese

Luc*chese" (?), n. sing. & pl. [It. Lucchese.] A native or inhabitant of Lucca, in Tuscany; in the plural, the people of Lucca.

Luce

Luce (?), n. [OF. lus, L. lucius a kind of fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A pike when full grown. Halliwell.

Lucency

Lu"cen*cy (?), n. The quality of being lucent.

Lucent

Lu"cent (?), a. [L. lucens, p. pr. of lucere to shine, fr. lux, lucis, light.] Shining; bright; resplendent. " The sun's lucent orb." Milton.

Lucern

Lu"cern (?), n. [Etymology uncertain.] [Obs.]

1. A sort of hunting dog; -- perhaps from Lucerne, in Switzerland.

My lucerns, too, or dogs inured to hunt Beasts of most rapine. Chapman.

2. An animal whose fur was formerly much in req [Written also lusern and luzern.]

The polecat, mastern, and the richskinned lucern I know to chase. Beau. & Fl.

Lucern

Lu"cern, n. [F. luzerne.] (Bot.) A leguminous plant (Medicago sativa), having bluish purple cloverlike flowers, cultivated for fodder; -- called also alfalfa. [Written also lucerne.]

Lucern

Lu"cern, n. [L. lucerna.] A lamp. [Obs.] Lydgate.

Lucernal

Lu*cer"nal (?), a. [L. lucerna a lamp.] Of or pertaining to a lamp. Lucernal microscope, a form of the microscope in which the object is illuminated by means of a lamp, and its image is thrown upon a plate of ground glass connected with the instrument, or on a screen independent of it.

Lucernaria

Lu`cer*na"ri*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. lucerna a lamp.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of acalephs, having a bell-shaped body with eight groups of short tentacles around the margin. It attaches itself by a sucker at the base of the pedicel.

Lucernarian

Lu`cer*na"ri*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Lucernarida. -- n. One of the Lucernarida.

lucernarida

lu`cer*nar"i*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Lucernaria.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A division of acalephs, including Lucernaria and allied genera; -- called also Calycozoa. (b) A more extensive group of acalephs, including both the true lucernarida and the Discophora.

Lucerne

Lu"cerne (?), n. (Bot.) See Lucern, the plant.

Lucid

Lu"cid (?), a. [L. lucidus, fr. lux, lucis, light. See Light, n.]

1. Shining; bright; resplendent; as, the lucid orbs of heaven.

Lucid, like a glowworm. Sir I. Newton.
A court compact of lucid marbles. Tennyson.

2. Clear; transparent. " Lucid streams." Milton.

3. Presenting a clear view; easily understood; clear.

A lucid and interesting abstract of the debate. Macaulay.

4. Bright with the radiance of intellect; not darkened or confused by delirium or madness; marked by the regular operations of reason; as, a lucid interval. Syn. -- Luminous; bright; clear; transparent; sane; reasonable. See Luminous.

Lucidity

Lu*cid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. lucidit\'82. See Lucid.] The quality or state of being lucid.

Lucidly

Lu"cid*ly (?), adv. In a lucid manner.

Lucidness

Lu"cid*ness, n. The quality of being lucid; lucidity.

Lucifer

Lu"ci*fer (?), n. [L., bringing light, n., the morning star, fr. lux, lucis, light + ferre to bring.]

1. The planet Venus, when appearing as the morning star; -- applied in Isaiah by a metaphor to a king of Babylon.

How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning ! how art thou cut down to the ground which didst weaken the nations ! Is. xiv. 12.
Tertullian and Gregory the Great understood this passage of Isaiah in reference to the fall of Satan; in consequence of which the name Lucifer has since been applied to, Satan. Kitto.

2. Hence, Satan.

How wretched Is that poor man that hangs on princes' favors! . . . When he falls, he falls like Lucifer, Never to hope again. Shak.

3. A match made of a sliver of wood tipped with a combustible substance, and ignited by friction; -- called also lucifer match, and locofoco. See Locofoco.

4. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of free-swimming macruran Crustacea, having a slender body and long appendages.

Luciferian

Lu`ci*fe"ri*an (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to Lucifer; having the pride of Lucifer; satanic; devilish.

2. Of or pertaining to the Luciferians or their leader.

Luciferian

Lu`ci*fe"ri*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of the followers of Lucifer, bishop of Cagliari, in the fourth century, who separated from the orthodox churches because they would not go as far as he did in opposing the Arians.

Luciferous

Lu*cif"er*ous (?), a. [See Lucifer.] Giving light; affording light or means of discovery. Boyle.

Luciferously

Lu*cif"er*ous*ly, adv. In a luciferous manner.

Lucific

Lu*cif"ic (?), a. [L. lucificus; lux, lucis, light + facere to make.] Producing light. Grew.

Luciform

Lu"ci*form (?), a. [L. lux, lucis, light = -form.] Having, in some respects, the nature of light; resembling light. Berkeley.

Lucifrian

Lu*cif"ri*an (?), a. Luciferian; satanic. [Obs.] Marston.

Lucimeter

Lu*cim"e*ter (?), n. [L. lux, lucis, light + -meter.] an instrument for measuring the intensity of light; a photometer.

Luck

Luck (?), n. [Akin to D. luk, geluk, G. gl\'81ck, Icel. lukka, Sw. lycka, Dan. lykke, and perh. to G. locken to entice. Cf. 3d Gleck.] That which happens to a person; an event, good or ill, affecting one's interests or happiness, and which is deemed casual; a course or series of such events regarded as occurring by chance; chance; hap; fate; fortune; often, one's habitual or characteristic fortune; as, good, bad, ill, or hard luck. Luck is often used for good luck; as, luck is better than skill.
If thou dost play with him at any game, Thou art sure to lose; and of that natural luck, He beats thee 'gainst the odds. Shak.
Luck penny, a small sum given back for luck to one who pays money. [Prov. Eng.] -- To be is luck, to receive some good, or to meet with some success, in an unexpected manner, or as the result of circumstances beyond one's control; to be fortunate.

Luckily

Luck"i*ly (?), adv. [From Lucky.] In a lucky manner; by good fortune; fortunately; -- used in a good sense; as, they luckily escaped injury.

Luckiness

Luck"i*ness, n.

1. The state or quality of being lucky; as, the luckiness of a man or of an event.

2. Good fortune; favorable issue or event. Locke.

Luckless

Luck"less, a. Being without luck; unpropitious; unfortunate; unlucky; meeting with ill success or bad fortune; as, a luckless gamester; a luckless maid.
Prayers made and granted in a luckless hour. Dryden.
-- Luck"less*ly, adv. -- Lock"less*ness, n.

Lucky

Luck"y (?), a. [Compar. Luckier (?); superl. Luckiest.]

1. Favored by luck; fortunate; meeting with good success or good fortune; -- said of persons; as, a lucky adventurer. " Lucky wight." Spenser.

2. Producing, or resulting in, good by chance, or unexpectedly; favorable; auspicious; fortunate; as, a lucky mistake; a lucky cast; a lucky hour.

We doubt not of a fair and lucky war. Shak.
Syn. -- Successful; fortunate; prosperous; auspicious.

Lucky proach

Luck`y proach" (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Fatherlasher.

Lucrative

Lu"cra*tive (?), a. [L. lucrativus, fr. lucrari to gain, fr. lucrum gain: cf. F. lucratif. See Lucre.]

1. Yielding lucre; gainful; profitable; making increase of money or goods; as, a lucrative business or office.

The trade of merchandise being the most lucrative, may bear usury at a good rate. Bacon.

2. Greedy of gain [Obs.]

Such diligence as the most part of our lucrative lawyers do use, in deferring and prolonging of matters and actions from term to term. Latimer.

Lucratively

Lu"cra*tive*ly, adv. In a lucrative manner.

Lucre

Lu"cre (?), n. [F. lucre, L. lucrum.] Gain in money or goods; profit; riches; -- often in an ill sense.
The lust of lucre and the dread of death. Pope.

Lucriferous

Lu*crif"er*ous (?), a. [L. lucrum gain +-ferous.] Gainful; profitable. [Obs.] Boyle.

Lucrific

Lu*crif"ic (?), a. [L. lucrificus; lucrum gain + facere to make.] Producing profit; gainful. [Obs.]

Luctation

Luc*ta"tion (?), n. [L. luctatio, fr. luctari to wrestle, strive.] Effort to overcome in contest; struggle; endeavor. [R.] Farindon.

Luctual

Luc"tu*al (?), a. [L. luctus mourning, sorrow, fr. lugere, fr. luctum, to mourn.] Producing grief; saddening. [Obs.] Sir G. Buck.

Lucubrate

Lu"cu*brate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lucubrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lucubrated (?).] [L. lucubratus, p. p. of lucubrare to work by lamplight, fr. lux light. See Light, n.] To study by candlelight or a lamp; to study by night.

Lucubrate

Lu"cu*brate, v. t. To elaborate, perfect, or compose, by night study or by laborious endeavor.

Lucubration

Lu`cu*bra"tion (?), n. [l. lucubratio;cf. F. lucubration.]

1. The act of lucubrating, or studying by candlelight; nocturnal study; meditation.

After long lucubration I have hit upon such an expedient. Goldsmith.

2. That which is composed by night; that which is produced by meditation in retirement; hence (loosely) any literary composition.

Thy lucubrations have been perused by several of our friends. Tatler.

Lucubrator

Lu"cu*bra`tor (?), n. One who studies by night; also, one who produces lucubrations.

Lucubratory

Lu"cu*bra*to*ry (?), a. [L. lucubratorius.] Composed by candlelight, or by night; of or pertaining to night studies; laborious or painstaking. Pope.

Lucule

Lu"cule (?), n. [Dim. fr. L. lux, lucis, light.] (Astron.) A spot or fleck on the sun brighter than the surrounding surface.

Luculent

Lu"cu*lent (?), a. [L. luculentus, from lux, lucis, light.]

1. Lucid; clear; transparent. Thomson.

2. Clear; evident; luminous. " Most luculent testimonies." Hooker.

3. Bright; shining in beauty. [Obs.]

Most debonair and luculent lady. B. Jonson.

Luculently

Lu"cu*lent*ly, adv. In a luculent manner; clearly.

Lucullite

Lu*cul"lite (?), n. [From Lucullus, a Roman consul, famous for his great wealth and luxury: cf. F. lucullite.] (Min.) A variety of black limestone, often polished for ornamental purposes.

Lucuma

Lu*cu"ma (?), n. (Bot.) An American genus of sapotaceous trees bearing sweet and edible fruits. &hand; Lucuma mammosum is called natural marmalade in the West Indies; L. Caimito, of Peru, furnishes a delicious fruit called lucuma and caimito.

Luddite

Lud"dite (?), n. One of a number of riotous persons in England, who for six years (1811-17) tried to prevent the use of labor-saving machinery by breaking it, burning factories, etc.; -- so called from Ned Lud, a half-witted man who some years previously had broken stocking frames. J. & H. Smith. H. Martineau.

Ludibrious

Lu*dib"ri*ous (?), a. [L. ludibrium mockery, derision, from ludere to play, sport.] Sportive; ridiculous; wanton. [Obs.] Tooker.

Ludibund

Lu"di*bund (?), a. [L. ludibundus.] Sportive. [Obs.] -- Lu"di*bund*ness, n. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Ludicrous

Lu"di*crous (?), a. [L. ludicrus, or ludicer, from ludus play, sport, fr. ludere to play.] Adapted to excite laughter, without scorn or contempt; sportive. Broome.
A chapter upon German rhetoric would be in the same ludicrous predicament as Van Troil's chapter on the snakes of Iceland, which delivers its business in one summary sentence, announcing, that snakes in Iceland -- there are none. De Quincey.
Syn. -- Laughable; sportive; burlesque; comic; droll; ridiculous. -- Ludicrous, Laughable, Ridiculous. We speak of a thing as ludicrous when it tends to produce laughter; as laughable when the impression is somewhat stronger; as ridiculous when more or less contempt is mingled with the merriment created. -- Lu"di*crous*ly, adv. -- Lu"di*crous*ness, n.

Ludification

Lu`di*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. ludificatio, fr. ludificare to make sport of; ludus sport + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.] The act of deriding.

Ludificatory

Lu*dif"i*ca*to*ry (?), a. [L. ludificatorius.] Making sport; tending to excite derision. [Obs.]

Ludlamite

Lud"lam*ite (?), n. [Named after Mr. Ludlam, of London.] (Min.) A mineral occurring in small, green, transparent, monoclinic crystals. It is a hydrous phosphate of iron.

Ludlow group

Lud"low group` (?). (Geol.) A subdivision of the British Upper Silurian lying below the Old Red Sandstone; -- so named from the Ludlow, in Western England. See the Chart of Geology.

Ludwigite

Lud"wig*ite (?), n. [Named after the chemist Ludwig.] (Min.) A borate of iron and magnesia, occurring in fibrous masses of a blackish green color.

Lues

Lu"es (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Disease, especially of a contagious kind. Lues venerea, syphilis; -- called also simply lues.

Luff

Luff (?), n. [OE. lof, prob. a sort of timber by which the course of a ship was directed, perh. a sort of paddle; cf. D. loef luff, loeven to luff. The word is perh. akin to E. glove. Cf. Aloof.] (Naut.) (a) The side of a ship toward the wind. (b) The act of sailing a ship close to the wind. (c) The roundest part of a ship's bow. (d) The forward or weather leech of a sail, especially of the jib, spanker, and other fore-and-aft sails. Luff tackle, a purchase composed of a double and single block and fall, used for various purposes. Totten. -- Luff upon luff, a luff tackle attached to the fall of another luff tackle. R. H. Dana, Jr.
Page 874

Luff

Luff (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Luffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Luffing.] (Naut.) To turn the head of a vessel toward the wind; to sail nearer the wind; to turn the tiller so as to make the vessel sail nearer the wind. To luff round, ∨ To luff alee, to make the extreme of this movement, for the purpose of throwing the ship's head into the wind.

Luffer

Luf"fer (?), n. (Arch.) See Louver.

Lug

Lug (?), n. [Sw. lugg the forelock.]

1. The ear, or its lobe. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

2. That which projects like an ear, esp. that by which anything is supported, carried, or grasped, or to which a support is fastened; an ear; as, the lugs of a kettle; the lugs of a founder's flask; the lug (handle) of a jug.

3. (Mach.) A projecting piece to which anything, as a rod, is attached, or against which anything, as a wedge or key, bears, or through which a bolt passes, etc.

4. (Harness) The leather loop or ear by which a shaft is held up.

5. (Zo\'94l.) The lugworm. Lug bolt (Mach.), a bolt terminating in a long, flat extension which takes the place of a head; a strap bolt.

Lug

Lug, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lugged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lugging (?).] [OE. luggen, Sw. lugga to pull by the hair, fr. lugg the forelock.] To pull with force; to haul; to drag along; to carry with difficulty, as something heavy or cumbersome. Dryden.
They must divide the image among them, and so lug off every one his share. Collier.

Lug

Lug, v. i. To move slowly and heavily.

Lug

Lug, n.

1. The act of lugging; as, a hard lug; that which is lugged; as, the pack is a heavy lug.[Colloq.]

2. Anything which moves slowly. [Obs.] Ascham.

Lug

Lug, n. [Etymol. uncertain.]

1. A rod or pole. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

2. A measure of length, being 16 [Obs.] " Eight lugs of ground." Spenser. Chimney lug, ∨ Lug pole, a pole on which a kettle is hung over the fire, either in a chimney or in the open air. [Local, U.S.] Whittier.

Luggage

Lug"gage (?), n. [From 4th Lug.] That which is lugged; anything cumbrous and heavy to be carried; especially, a traveler's trunks, baggage, etc., or their contents.
I am gathering up my luggage, and preparing for my journey. Swift.
What do you mean, To dote thus on such luggage! Shak.
Syn. -- Plunder; baggage. Luggage van, a vehicle for carrying luggage; a railway car, or compartment of a car, for carrying luggage. [Eng.]

Lugger

Lug"ger (?), n. (Naut.) A small vessel having two or three masts, and a running bowsprit, and carrying lugsails. See Illustration in Appendix. Totten.

Lugger

Lug"ger, n. (Zo\'94l.) An Indian falcon (Falco jugger), similar to the European lanner and the American prairie falcon.

Lugmark

Lug"mark` (?), n. [From Lug an ear.] A mark cut into the ear of an animal to identify it; an earmark.

Lugsail

Lug"sail` (?), n. (Naut.) A square sail bent upon a yard that hangs obliquely to the mast and is raised or lowered with the sail. Totten.

Lugubrious

Lu*gu"bri*ous (?), a. [L. lugubris, fr. lugere to mourn; cf. Gr. ruj to break.] Mournful; indicating sorrow, often ridiculously or feignedly; doleful; woful; pitiable; as, a whining tone and a lugubrious look.
Crossbones, scythes, hourglasses, and other lugubrious emblems of mortality. Hawthorne.
-- Lu*gu"bri*ous*ly, adv. -- Lu*gu"bri*ous*ness, n.

Lugworm

Lug"worm` (?), n. [1st lug + worm.] (Zo\'94l.) A large marine annelid (Arenicola marina) having a row of tufted gills along each side of the back. It is found burrowing in sandy beaches, both in America and Europe, and is used for bait by European fishermen. Called also lobworm, and baitworm.

Luke

Luke (?), a. [Prob. fr. lew, perh. influenced by AS. wl\'91c warm, lukewarm, remiss. Cf. Lew.] Moderately warm; not hot; tepid. -- Luke"ness, n. [Obs.]<-- = lukewarm. Why not synonymous? -->
Nine penn'orth o'brandy and water luke. Dickens.

Lukewarm

Luke"warm` (?), a. [See Luke.] Moderately warm; neither cold nor hot; tepid; not ardent; not zealous; cool; indifferent. " Lukewarm blood." Spenser. " Lukewarm patriots." Addison.
An obedience so lukewarm and languishing that it merits not the name of passion. Dryden.
-- Luce"warm`ly, adv. -- Luce"warm`ness, n.

Lull

Lull (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lulled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lulling.] [Akin to OD. lullen to sing to sleep, G. lullen, Dan. lulle, Sw. lulla; all of imitative origin. Cf. Loll, Lollard.] To cause to rest by soothing influences; to compose; to calm; to soothe; to quiet. " To lull him soft asleep." Spenser.
Such sweet compulsion doth in music lie, To lull the daughters of necessity. Milton.

Lull

Lull, v. i. To become gradually calm; to subside; to cease or abate for a time; as, the storm lulls.

Lull

Lull, n.

1. The power or quality of soothing; that which soothes; a lullaby. [R.] Young.

2. A temporary cessation of storm or confusion.

lullaby

lull"a*by (?), n. [From Lull, v. t. ]

1. A song to quiet babes or lull them to sleep; that which quiets. Shak.

2. Hence: Good night; good-by. [Obs.] Shak.

Luller

Lull"er (?), n. One who, or that which, lulls.

Lullingly

Lull"ing*ly, adv. In a lulling manner; soothingly.

Lum

Lum (?), n. [W. llumon chimney, llum that shoots up or ends in a point.]

1. A chimney. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Burns.

2. A ventilating chimney over the shaft of a mine.

3. A woody valley; also, a deep pool. [Prov. Eng.]

Lumachel, Lumachella

Lu"ma*chel (?), Lu`ma*chel"la (?), n. [F. lumachelle, It. lumachella, fr. lamachella a little snail, dim. of lumaca a snail, fr. L. limax, -acis.] (Min.) A grayish brown limestone, containing fossil shells, which reflect a beautiful play of colors. It is also called fire marble, from its fiery reflections.

Lumbaginous

Lum*bag"i*nous (?), a. Of or pertaining to lumbago.

Lumbago

Lum*ba"go (?), n. [L., fr. lumbus loin. See Lumbar.] (Med.) A rheumatic pain in the loins and the small of the back.

Lumbar, Lumbal

Lum"bar (?), Lum"bal (?), a. [L. lumbus loin. See Loin.] (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or near, the loins; as, the lumbar arteries. Lumbar region (Anat.), the region of the loin; specifically, a region between the hypochondriac and ilias regions, and outside of the umbilical region.

Lumber

Lum"ber (?), n. [Prob. fr. Lombard, the Lombards being the money lenders and pawnbrokers of the Middle Ages. A lumber room was, according to Trench, originally a Lombard room, or room where the Lombard pawnbroker stored his pledges. See Lombard.]

1. A pawnbroker's shop, or room for storing articles put in pawn; hence, a pledge, or pawn. [Obs.]

They put all the little plate they had in the lumber, which is pawning it, till the ships came. Lady Murray.

2. Old or refuse household stuff; things cumbrous, or bulky and useless, or of small value.

3. Timber sawed or split into the form of beams, joists, boards, planks, staves, hoops, etc.; esp., that which is smaller than heavy timber. [U.S.] Lumber kiln, a room in which timber or lumber is dried by artificial heat. [U.S.] -- Lumber room, a room in which unused furniture or other lumber is kept. [U.S.] -- Lumber wagon, a heavy rough wagon, without springs, used for general farmwork, etc.

Lumber

Lum"ber, b. t. [imp. & p. p. Lumbered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lumbering.]

1. To heap together in disorder. " Stuff lumbered together." Rymer.

2. To fill or encumber with lumber; as, to lumber up a room.

Lumber

Lum"ber, v. i.

1. To move heavily, as if burdened.

2. [Cf. dial. Sw. lomra to resound.] To make a sound as if moving heavily or clumsily; to rumble. Cowper.

3. To cut logs in the forest, or prepare timber for market. [U.S.]

Lumberer

Lum"ber*er (?), n. One employed in lumbering, cutting, and getting logs from the forest for lumber; a lumberman. [U.S.]
Lumberers have a notion that he (the woodpecker) is harmful to timber. Lowell.

Lumbering

Lum"ber*ing, n. The business of cutting or getting timber or logs from the forest for lumber. [U.S.]

Lumberman

Lum"ber*man (?), n.; pl. Lumbermen (. One who is engaged in lumbering as a business or employment. [U.S.]

Lumbosacral

Lum`bo*sa"cral (?), n. [L. lumbus loin + E. sacral.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the loins and sacrum; as, the lumbosacral nerve, a branch of one of the lumber nerves which passes over the sacrum.

Lumbric

Lum"bric (?), n. [L. lumbricus.] (Zo\'94l.) An earthworm, or a worm resembling an earthworm.

Lumbrical

Lum"bric*al (?), a. [Cf. F. lombrical. See Lumbric.] (Anat.) Resembling a worm; as, the lumbrical muscles of the hands of the hands and feet. -- n. A lumbrical muscle.

Lumbriciform

Lum*bric"i*form (?), a. [L. lumbricus worm + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling an earthworm; vermiform.

Lumbricoid

Lum"bri*coid (?), a. [Lumbricus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like an earthworm; belonging to the genus Lumbricus, or family Lumbricid\'91.

Lumbricus

Lum"bri*cus (?), n. [L. See Lumbric.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of annelids, belonging to the Oligoch\'91ta, and including the common earthworms. See Earthworm.

Luminant

Lu"mi*nant (?), a. Luminous. [R.]

Luminary

Lu"mi*na*ry (?), n.; pl. Luminaries (#), [F. luminaire, L. luminare a light or lamp, which was lighted in the churches, a luminary, fr. lumen, luminis, light, fr. lucere to be light, to shine, lux, lucis, light. See Light.]

1. Any body that gives light, especially one of the heavenly bodies. " Radiant luminary." Skelton.

Where the great luminary . . . Dispenses light from far. Milton.

2. One who illustrates any subject, or enlightens mankind; as, Newton was a distinguished luminary.

Luminate

Lu"mi*nate (?), v. t. [L. luminatus, p. p. of luminare to illumine, fr. lumen light. See Limn.] To illuminate. [Obs.]

Lumination

Lu`mi*na"tion (?), n. Illumination. [Obs.]

Lumine

Lu"mine (?), v. i. To illumine. [Obs.] Spenser.

Luminiferous

Lu`mi*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L. lumen light + -ferous.] Producing light; yielding light; transmitting light; as, the luminiferous ether.

Luminosity

Lu`mi*nos"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being luminous; luminousness.

Luminous

Lu"mi*nous (?), a. [L. luminosus, fr. lumen light: cf. F. lumineux. See Luminary, Illuminate.]

1. Shining; emitting or reflecting light; brilliant; bright; as, the is a luminous body; a luminous color.

Fire burneth wood, making it . . . luminous. Bacon.
The mountains lift . . . their lofty and luminous heads. Longfellow.

2. Illuminated; full of light; bright; as, many candles made the room luminous.

Up the staircase moved a luminous space in the darkness. Longfellow.

3. Enlightened; intelligent; also, clear; intelligible; as, a luminous mind. " Luminous eloquence." Macaulay. " A luminous statement." Brougham. Luminous paint, a paint made up with some phosphorescent substance, as sulphide of calcium, which after exposure to a strong light is luminous in the dark for a time. Syn. -- Lucid; clear; shining; perspicuous. -- Lu"mi*nous*ly, adv. -- Lu"mi*nous*ness, n.

Lummox

Lum"mox (?), n. A fat, ungainly, stupid person; an awkward bungler. [Law.]

Lump

Lump (?), n. [Cf. OD. lompe piece, mass. Cf. Lunch.]

1. A small mass of matter of irregular shape; an irregular or shapeless mass; as, a lump of coal; a lump of iron ore. " A lump of cheese." Piers Plowman. " This lump of clay." Shak.

2. A mass or aggregation of things.

3. (Firearms) A projection beneath the breech end of a gun barrel. In the lump, In a lump, the whole together; in gross.

They may buy them in the lump. Addison.
-- Lump coal, coal in large lumps; -- the largest size brought from the mine. -- Lump sum, a gross sum without a specification of items; as, to award a lump sum in satisfaction of all claims and damages. <-- (b) a single sum paid once in satisfaction of a claim, as contrasted with the alternate choice of several payments over a period of time.-->

Lump

Lump, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lumped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lumping.]

1. To throw into a mass; to unite in a body or sum without distinction of particulars.

The expenses ought to be lumped together. Ayliffe.

2. To take in the gross; to speak of collectively.

Not forgetting all others, . . . whom for brevity, but out of no resentment you, I lump all together. Sterne.

3. To get along with as one can, although displeased; as, if he does n't like it, he can lump it. [Law] <-- lump together. v. combine (various items) and treat them as a unit. --> <-- lumpenproletariat -->

Lumper

Lump"er (?), n. [Cf. Lamper eel.] (Zo\'94l.) The European eelpout; -- called also lumpen.

Lumper

Lump"er, n.

1. One who lumps.

2. A laborer who is employed to load or unload vessels when in harbor.

Lumpfish

Lump"fish` (?), n. [From Lump, on account of its bulkiness: cf. G. & D. lump, F. lompe.] (Zo\'94l.) A large, thick, clumsy, marine fish (Cyclopterus lumpus) of Europe and America. The color is usually translucent sea green, sometimes purplish. It has a dorsal row of spiny tubercles, and three rows on each side, but has no scales. The ventral fins unite and form a ventral sucker for adhesion to stones and seaweeds. Called also lumpsucker, cock-paddle, sea owl.

Lumping

Lump"ing, a. Bulky; heavy. Arbuthnot.

Lumpish

Lump"ish, a. Like a lump; inert; gross; heavy; dull; spiritless. " Lumpish, heavy, melancholy." Shak. -- Lump"ish*ly, adv. -- Lump"ish*ness, n.

Lumpsucker

Lump"suck`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The lumprish.

Lumpy

Lump"y (?), a. [Compar. Lumpier (?); superl. Lumpiest.] Full of lumps, or small compact masses.

Luna

Lu"na (?), n. [L.; akin to lucere to shine. See Light, n., and cf. Lune.]

1. The moon.

2. (Alchemy) Silver. Luna cornea (Old Chem.), horn silver, or fused silver chloride, a tough, brown, translucent mass; -- so called from its resemblance to horn. Luna moth (Zo\'94l.), a very large and beautiful American moth (Actias luna). Its wings are delicate light green, with a stripe of purple along the front edge of the anterior wings, the other margins being edged with pale yellow. Each wing has a lunate spot surrounded by rings of light yellow, blue, and black. The caterpillar commonly feeds on the hickory, sassafras, and maple. <-- Fig. of Luna moth -->

Lunacy

Lu"na*cy (?), n.; pl. Lunacies (#). [See Lunatic.]

1. Insanity or madness; properly, the kind of insanity which is broken by intervals of reason, -- formerly supposed to be influenced by the changes of the moon; any form of unsoundness of mind, except idiocy; mental derangement or alienation. Brande. Burrill.

Your kindred shuns your house As beaten hence by your strange lunacy. Shak.

2. A morbid suspension of good sense or judgment, as through fanaticism. Dr. H. More. Syn. -- Derangement; craziness; mania. See Insanity.


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Lunar

Lu"nar (?), a. [L. lunaris, fr. luna the moon. See Luna, and cf. Lunary.]

1. Of or pertaining to the moon; as, lunar observations.

2. Resembling the moon; orbed. Dryden.

3. Measured by the revolutions of the moon; as, a lunar month.

4. Influenced by the moon, as in growth, character, or properties; as, lunar herbs. Bacon. Lunar caustic (Med. Chem.), silver nitrate prepared to be used as a cautery; -- so named because silver was called luna by the ancient alchemists. -- Lunar cycle. Same as Metonic cycle. See under Cycle. -- Lunar distance, the angular distance of the moon from the sun, a star, or a planet, employed for determining longitude by the lunar method. -- Lunar method, the method of finding a ship's longitude by comparing the local time of taking (by means of a sextant or circle) a given lunar distance, with the Greenwich time corresponding to the same distance as ascertained from a nautical almanac, the difference of these times being the longitude. -- Lunar month. See Month. -- Lunar observation, an observation of a lunar distance by means of a sextant or circle, with the altitudes of the bodies, and the time, for the purpose of computing the longitude. -- Lunar tables. (a) (Astron.) Tables of the moon's motions, arranged for computing the moon's true place at any time past or future. (b) (Navigation) Tables for correcting an observed lunar distance on account of refraction and parallax. -- Lunar year, the period of twelve lunar months, or 354 days, 8 hours, 48 minutes, and 34.38 seconds.

Lunar

Lu"nar, n.

1. (Astron.) A lunar distance.

2. (Anat.) The middle bone of the proximal series of the carpus; -- called also semilunar, and intermedium.

Lunarian

Lu*na"ri*an (?), n. [See Lunar, Luna.] An inhabitant of the moon.

Lunary

Lu"na*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. lunaire. See Lunar.] Lunar. [Obs.] Fuller.

Lunary

Lu"na*ry, n. [Cf. F. lunaire.] (Bot.) (a) The herb moonwort or "honesty". (b) A low fleshy fern (Botrychium Lunaria) with lunate segments of the leaf or frond.

Lunate, Lunated

Lu"nate (?), Lu"na*ted (?), a. [L. lunatus crescent-shaped, p. p. of lunare to bend like a crescent, fr. luna the moon.] Crescent-shaped; as, a lunate leaf; a lunate beak; a lunated cross. Gray.

Lunatic

Lu"na*tic (?), a. [F. lunatique, L. lunaticus, fr. luna the moon. See Lunar.]

1. Affected by lunacy; insane; mad.

Lord, have mercy on my son; for he is lunatic. Wyclif (Matt. xvii. 15).

2. Of or pertaining to, or suitable for, an insane person; evincing lunacy; as, lunatic gibberish; a lunatic asylum.

Lunatic

Lu"na*tic, n. A person affected by lunacy; an insane person, esp. one who has lucid intervals; a madman; a person of unsound mind.
The lunatic, the lover, and the poet, Are of imagination all compact. Shak.

Lunation

Lu*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. Lunated.] The period of a synodic revolution of the moon, or the time from one new moon to the next; varying in length, at different times, from about 29

Lunch

Lunch (?), n. [Of uncertain etymol. Cf. Prov. Eng. nunc a lump.] A luncheon; specifically, a light repast between breakfast and dinner.

Lunch

Lunch, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lunched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lunching.] To take luncheon. Smart.

Luncheon

Lunch"eon (?), n. [Prov. E. luncheon, lunchion, lunshin, a large lump of food, fr. lunch. See Lunch.]

1. A lump of food. [Prov. Eng.]

2. A portion of food taken at any time except at a regular meal; an informal or light repast, as between breakfast and dinner.

Luncheon

Lunch"eon, v. i. To take luncheon. Beaconsfield.

Lune

Lune (?), n. [L. luna moon: cf. F. lune. See Luna.]

1. Anything in the shape of a half moon. [R.]

2. (Geom.) A figure in the form of a crescent, bounded by two intersecting arcs of circles.

3. A fit of lunacy or madness; a period of frenzy; a crazy or unreasonable freak. [Obs.]

These dangerous, unsafe lunes i' the king. Shak.

Lunet

Lu"net (?), n. [See Lunette.] A little moon or satellite. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Lunette

Lu*nette" (?), n. [F., dim. of lune moon, L.luna. See Lune a crescent.]

1. (Fort.) A fieldwork consisting of two faces, forming a salient angle, and two parallel flanks. See Bastion.

2. (Far.) A half horseshoe, which wants the sponge.

3. A kind of watch crystal which is more than ordinarily flattened in the center; also, a species of convexoconcave lens for spectacles.

4. A piece of felt to cover the eye of a vicious horse.

5. (Arch.) Any surface of semicircular or segmental form; especially, the piece of wall between the curves of a vault and its springing line.

6. An iron shoe at the end of the stock of a gun carriage. Lunette window (Arch.), a window which fills or partly fills a lunette.

Lung

Lung (?), n. [OE. lunge, AS. lunge, pl. lungen; akin to D. long, G. lunge, Icel. & Sw. lunga, Dan. lunge, all prob. from the root of E. light. See Light not heavy.] (Anat.) An organ for a\'89rial respiration; -- commonly in the plural.
My lungs began to crow like chanticleer. Shak.
<-- Insert: Illustration of lungs with description. --> &hand; In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the esophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive saclike character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax. See Respiration. Lung fever (Med.), pneumonia. -- Lung flower (Bot.), a species of gentian (G. Pneumonanthe). -- Lung lichen (Bot.), tree lungwort. See under Lungwort. Lung sac (Zo\'94l.), one of the breathing organs of spiders and snails.

Lunge

Lunge (?), n. [Also spelt longe, fr. allonge. See Allonge, Long.] A sudden thrust or pass, as with a sword.

Lunge

Lunge, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lunged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lunging (?).] To make a lunge.

Lunge

Lunge, v. t. To cause to go round in a ring, as a horse, while holding his halter. Thackeray.

Lunge

Lunge, n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Namaycush.

Lunged

Lunged (?), a. Having lungs, or breathing organs similar to lungs.

Lungfish

Lung"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any fish belonging to the Dipnoi; -- so called because they have both lungs and gills.

Lung-grown

Lung"-grown` (?), a. (Med.) Having lungs that adhere to the pleura.

Lungie

Lun"gie (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A guillemot. [Written also longie.] [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Lungis

Lun"gis (?), n. [OF. longis. See Lounge.] A lingerer; a dull, drowsy fellow. [Obs.]

Lungless

Lung"less (?), a. Being without lungs.

Lungoor

Lun"goor (?), n. [Hind. lang&umac;r.] (Zo\'94l.) A long-tailed monkey (Semnopithecus schislaceus), from the mountainous districts of India.

Lungworm

Lung"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of parasitic nematoid worms which infest the lungs and air passages of cattle, sheep, and other animals, often proving fatal. The lungworm of cattle (Strongylus micrurus) and that of sheep (S. filaria) are the best known.

Lungwort

Lung"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) An herb of the genus Pulmonaria (P. officinalis), of Europe; -- so called because the spotted appearance of the leaves resembles that of a diseased lung. (b) Any plant of the genus Mertensia (esp. M. Virginica and M. Sibirica) plants nearly related to Pulmonaria. The American lungwort is Mertensia Virginica, Virginia cowslip. Gray. Cow's lungwort mullein. -- Sea lungwort, Mertensia maritima, found on the seacoast of Northern Europe and America. -- Tree lungwort, a lichen (Sticta pulmonacea) growing on trees and rocks. The thallus is lacunose, and in appearance somewhat resembles the lungs, for diseases of which it was once thought a remedy.

Lunicurrent

Lu"ni*cur"rent (?), a. [L. luna moon + E. current.] Having relation to changes in currents that depend on the moon's phases. Bache.

Luniform

Lu"ni*form (?), a. [L. luna moon + -form: cf. F. luniforme.] Resembling the moon in shape.

Lunisolar

Lu"ni*so"lar (?), a. [L. luna moon + E. solar: cf. F. lunisolaire.] Resulting from the united action, or pertaining to the mutual relations, of the sun and moon. Lunisolar precession (Astron.), that portion of the annual precession of the equinoxes which depends on the joint action of the sun and moon. -- Lunisolar year, a period of time, at the end of which, in the Julian calendar, the new and full moons and the eclipses recur on the same days of the week and month and year as in the previous period. It consists of 532 common years, being the least common multiple of the numbers of years in the cycle of the sun and the cycle of the moon.

Lunistice

Lu"ni*stice (?), n. [L. luna. moon + sistere to cause to stand. Cf. Solstice.] (Astron.) The farthest point of the moon's northing and southing, in its monthly revolution. [Obs.]

Lunitidal

Lu"ni*tid`al (?), a. Pertaining to tidal movements dependent on the moon. Bache. Lunitidal interval. See Retard, n.

Lunt

Lunt (?), n. [D. lont; akin to Dan. & G. lunte, Sw. lunta. Cf. Link a torch.]

1. The match cord formerly used in firing cannon.

2. A puff of smoke. [Scotch.] Burns.

Lunula

Lu"nu*la (?), n.; pl. Lunul\'91 (#). [L., prop., a little moon. See Lunule.] (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) Same as Lunule.

Lunular

Lu"nu*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. lunulaire. See Lunula.] (Bot.) Having a form like that of the new moon; shaped like a crescent.

Lunulate, Lunulated

Lu"nu*late (?), Lu"nu*la`ted (?), a. [See Lunula.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Resembling a small crescent. Gray.

Lunule

Lu"nule (?), n. [F., fr. L. lunula, dim. of luna moon.]

1. (Anat.) Anything crescent-shaped; a crescent-shaped part or mark; a lunula, a lune.

2. (Chem.) A lune. See Lune.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small or narrow crescent. (b) A special area in front of the beak of many bivalve shells. It sometimes has the shape of a double crescent, but is oftener heart-shaped. See Illust. of Bivalve.

Lunulet

Lu"nu*let (?), n. [Dim. of lunule.] (Zo\'94l.) A small spot, shaped like a half-moon or crescent; as, the lunulet on the wings of many insects.

Lunulite

Lu"nu*lite (?), n. [Lunule + -life: cf. F. lunulithe. See Lunula.] (Paleon.) Any bryozoan of the genus Lunulites, having a more or less circular form.

Luny

Lu"ny (?), a. [Shortened fr. lunatic.] Crazy; mentally unsound. [Written also loony.] [Law, U.S.]

Lupercal

Lu*per"cal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Lupercalia.

Lupercal

Lu*per"cal, n. A grotto on the Palatine Hill sacred to Lupercus, the Lycean Pan.

Lupercalia

Lu`per*ca"li*a (?), n. pl. [L. luperealis, fr. Lupercus the Lycean Pan, so called fr. lupus a wolf, because he kept off the wolves.] (Rom. Antiq.) A feast of the Romans in honor of Lupercus, or Pan.

Lupine

Lu"pine (?), n. [L. lupinus, lupinum, apparently fr. lupinus belonging to a wolf, fr. lupus a wolf; perh. so called because it was supposed to exhaust the soil: cf. F. lupin. Cf. Wolf.] (Bot.) A leguminous plant of the genus Lupinus, especially L. albus, the seeds of which have been used for food from ancient times. The common species of the Eastern United States is L. perennis. There are many species in California.

Lupine

Lu"pine (?), a. [See Lupine, n.] Wolfish; ravenous. Gauden.

Lupinin

Lu"pin*in (?), n. (Chem.) A glucoside found in the seeds of several species of lupine, and extracted as a yellowish white crystalline substance.

Lupinine

Lu"pin*ine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid found in several species of lupine (Lupinus luteus, L. albus, etc.), and extracted as a bitter crystalline substance. <-- [MI11] [1-R-trans]-Octahydro-2H-quinolizine-1-methanol, l-lupinine, C10H19NO, a bicyclic saturated quinolizine CH2OH | /\ H /\ / \|/ \ | | | | N | \ / \ / \/ \/ -->

Lupulin

Lu"pu*lin (?), n. [Cf. F. lupulin. See Lupuline.]

1. (Chem.) A bitter principle extracted from hops.

2. The fine yellow resinous powder found upon the strobiles or fruit of hops, and containing this bitter principle. [Written also lupuline.]

Lupuline

Lu"pu*line (?), n. [NL. lupulus the hop, fr. L. lupus the hop: cf. F. lupuline.] (Chem.) An alkaloid extracted from hops as a colorless volatile liquid.

Lupulinic

Lu`pu*lin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, hops; specifically, designating an acid obtained by the decomposition of lupulin.

Lupus

Lu"pus (?), n. [L., a wolf. See Wolf.]

1. (Med.) A cutaneous disease occurring under two distinct forms. &hand; Lupus erythematosus is characterized by an eruption of red patches, which become incrusted, leaving superficial scars. L. vulgaris is marked by the development of nodules which often ulcerate deeply and produce great deformity. Formerly the latter was often confounded with cancer, and some varieties of cancer were included under Lupus. <-- systemic lupus erythematosus is an inflammatory disease -->

2. (Astron.) The Wolf, a constellation situated south of Scorpio.

Lurcation

Lur*ca"tion (?), n. [See its Lurch.] Gluttony; gormandizing. [Obs.]

Lurch

Lurch (?), v. i. [L. lurcare, lurcari.] To swallow or eat greedily; to devour; hence, to swallow up. [Obs.]
Too far off from great cities, which may hinder business; too near them, which lurcheth all provisions, and maketh everything dear. Bacon.

Lurch

Lurch, n. [OF. lourche name of a game; as adj., deceived, embarrassed.]

1. An old game played with dice and counters; a variety of the game of tables.

2. A double score in cribbage for the winner when his adversary has been left in the lurch.

Lady --- has cried her eyes out on losing a lurch. Walpole.
To leave one in the lurch. (a) In the game of cribbage, to leave one's adversary so far behind that the game is won before he has scored thirty-one. (b) To leave one behind; hence, to abandon, or fail to stand by, a person in a difficulty. Denham.
But though thou'rt of a different church, I will not leave thee in the lurch. Hudibras.

Lurch

Lurch, v. t.

1. To leave in the lurch; to cheat. [Obs.]

Never deceive or lurch the sincere communicant. South.

2. To steal; to rob. [Obs.]

And in the brunt of seventeen battles since He lurched all swords of the garland. Shak.

Lurch

Lurch, n. [Cf. W. llerch, llerc, a frisk, a frisking backward or forward, a loitering, a lurking, a lurking, llercian, llerciaw, to be idle, to frisk; or perh. fr. E. lurch to lurk.] A sudden roll of a ship to one side, as in heavy weather; hence, a swaying or staggering movement to one side, as that by a drunken man. Fig.: A sudden and capricious inclination of the mind.
Page 876

Lurch

Lurch (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lurched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lurching.] To roll or sway suddenly to one side, as a ship or a drunken man.

Lurch

Lurch, v. i. [A variant of lurk.]

1. To withdraw to one side, or to a private place; to lurk. L'Estrange.

2. To dodge; to shift; to play tricks.

I . . . am fain to shuffle, to hedge, and to lurch. Shak.

Lurcher

Lurch"er (?), n. [See Lurch to lurk.]

1. One that lurches or lies in wait; one who watches to pilfer, or to betray or entrap; a poacher.

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of a mongrel breed of dogs said to have been a cross between the sheep dog, greyhound, and spaniel. It hunts game silently, by scent, and is often used by poachers.

Lurcher

Lurch"er, n. [L. lurco, lurcho, a glutton. See 1st Lurch.] A glutton; a gormandizer. [Obs.]

Lurchline

Lurch"line` (?), n. The line by which a fowling net was pulled over so as to inclose the birds.

Lurdan

Lur"dan (?), a. Stupid; blockish. [Obs.]

Lurdan

Lur"dan, n. [OF. lourdin, fr. lourd heavy, dull, thick-headed. See Lord.] A blockhead. [Obs.]

Lure

Lure (?), n. [OF. loire, loirre, loerre, F. leurre lure, decoy; of German origin; cf. MHG. luoder, G. luder lure, carrion.]

1. A contrivance somewhat resembling a bird, and often baited with raw meat; -- used by falconers in recalling hawks. Shak.

2. Any enticement; that which invites by the prospect of advantage or pleasure; a decoy. Milton.

3. (Hat Making) A velvet smoothing brush. Knight.

Lure

Lure, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Luring.] [OF. loirer, loirier, F. leurrer. See Lure, n.] To draw to the lure; hence, to allure or invite by means of anything that promises pleasure or advantage; to entice; to attract.
I am not lured with love. Piers Plowman.
And various science lures the learned eye. Gay.

Lure

Lure, v. i. To recall a hawk or other animal.

Lurg

Lurg (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large marine annelid (Nephthys c\'91ca), inhabiting the sandy shores of Europe and America. It is whitish, with a pearly luster, and grows to the length of eight or ten inches.

Lurid

Lu"rid (?), a. [L. luridus.]

1. Pale yellow; ghastly pale; wan; gloomy; dismal.

Fierce o'er their beauty blazed the lurid flame. Thomson.
Wrapped in drifts of lurid smoke On the misty river tide. Tennyson.

2. (Bot.) Having a brown color tonged with red, as of flame seen through smoke.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Of a color tinged with purple, yellow, and gray.

Lurk

Lurk (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lurked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lurking.] [OE. lurken, lorken, prob. a dim. from the source of E. lower to frown. See Lower, and cf. Lurch, a sudden roll, Lurch to lurk.]

1. To lie hid; to lie in wait.

Like wild beasts, lurking in loathsome den. Spenser.
Let us . . . lurk privily for the innocent. Prov. i. 11.

2. To keep out of sight.

The defendant lurks and wanders about in Berks. Blackstone.

Lurker

Lurk"er (?), n.

1. One who lurks.

2. A small fishing boat. [Prov. Eng.]

Lurry

Lur"ry (?), n. [W. llwry precipitant, a provision.] A confused heap; a throng, as of persons; a jumble, as of sounds. [Obs.]
To turn prayer into a kind of lurry. Milton.

Luscious

Lus"cious (?), a. [Prob. for lustious, fr. lusty, or perh. a corruption of luxurious. Cf. Lush, Lusty.]

1. Sweet; delicious; very grateful to the taste; toothsome; excessively sweet or rich.

And raisins keep their luscious, native taste. Dryden.

2. Cloying; fulsome.

He had a tedious, luscious way of talking. Jeffrey.

3. Gratifying a depraved sense; obscene. [R.] Steele. -- Lus"cious*ly, adv. -- Lus"cious*ness, n.

Lusern

Lu"sern (?), n. [F. loup-cervier, L. lupus cervarius.] (Zo\'94l.) A lynx. See 1st Lucern and Loup-cervier.

Lush

Lush (?), a. [Prob. an abbrev. of lushious, fr. luscious.] Full of juice or succulence. Tennyson.
How lush and lusty the grass looks! how green! Shak.

Lushburg

Lush"burg (?), n. See Lussheburgh. [Obs.]

Lusitanian

Lu`si*ta"ni*an (?), a. Pertaining to Lusitania, the ancient name of the region almost coinciding with Portugal. -- n. One of the people of Lusitania.

Lusk

Lusk (?), a. Lazy; slothful. [Obs.]

Lusk

Lusk, n. A lazy fellow; a lubber. [Obs.] T. Kendall.

Lusk

Lusk, v. i. To be idle or unemployed. [Obs.]

Luskish

Lusk"ish, a. Inclined to be lazy. Marston. -- Lusk"*ish*ly, adv. -Lusk"ish*ness, n. [Obs.] Spenser.

Lusorious, Lusory

Lu*so"ri*ous (?), Lu"so*ry (?), a. [L. lusorius. See Illusory.] Used in play; sportive; playful. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.

Lussheburgh

Lus"she*burgh (?), n. A spurious coin of light weight imported into England from Luxemburg, or Lussheburgh, as it was formerly called. [Obs.]
God wot, no Lussheburghes payen ye. Chaucer.

Lust

Lust (?), n. [AS. lust, lust, pleasure, longing; akin to OS., D., G., & Sw. lust, Dan. & Icel. lyst, Goth lustus, and perh. tom Skr. lush to desire, or to E. loose. Cf. List to please, Listless.]

1. Pleasure [Obs.] " Lust and jollity." Chaucer.

2. Inclination; desire. [Obs.]

For little lust had she to talk of aught. Spenser.
My lust to devotion is little. Bp. Hall.

3. Longing desire; eagerness to possess or enjoy; -- in a had sense; as, the lust of gain.

The lust of reigning. Milton.

4. Licentious craving; sexual appetite. Milton.

5. Hence: Virility; vigor; active power. [Obs.] Bacon.

Lust

Lust (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Lusting.] [AS. lystan. See Lust, n., and cf. List to choose.]

1. To list; to like. [Obs.] Chaucer. " Do so if thou lust. " Latimer. &hand; In earlier usage lust was impersonal.

In the water vessel he it cast When that him luste. Chaucer.

2. To have an eager, passionate, and especially an inordinate or sinful desire, as for the gratification of the sexual appetite or of covetousness; -- often with after.

Whatsoever thy soul lusteth after. Deut. xii. 15.
Whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her, hath committed adultery with her already in his heart. Matt. v. 28.
The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy. James iv. 5.

Luster

Lust"er (?), n. One who lusts.

Luster Lustre

Lus"ter Lus"tre (?), n. [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.] A period of five years; a lustrum.
Both of us have closed the tenth luster. Bolingbroke.

Luster, Lustre

Lus"ter, Lus"tre, n. [F. lustre; cf. It. lustro; both fr. L. lustrare to purify, go about (like the priests at the lustral sacrifice), traverse, survey, illuminate, fr. lustrum a purificatory sacrifice; perh. akin to E. loose. But lustrare to illuminate is perh. a different word, and akin to L. lucere to be light or clear, to shine. See Lucid, and cf. Illustrious, Lustrum.]

1. Brilliancy; splendor; brightness; glitter.

The right mark and very true luster of the diamond. Sir T. More.
The scorching sun was mounted high, In all its luster, to the noonday sky. Addison.
&hand; There is a tendency to limit the use of luster, in this sense, to the brightness of things which do not shine with their own light, or at least do not blaze or glow with heat. One speaks of the luster of a diamond, or of silk, or even of the stars, but not often now of the luster of the sun, a coal of fire, or the like.

2. Renown; splendor; distinction; glory.

His ancestors continued about four hundred years, rather without obscurity than with any great luster. Sir H. Wotton.

3. A candlestick, chandelier, girandole, or the like, generally of an ornamental character. Pope.

4. (Min.) The appearance of the surface of a mineral as affected by, or dependent upon, peculiarities of its reflecting qualities. &hand; The principal kinds of luster recognized are: metallic, adamantine, vitreous, resinous, greasy, pearly, and silky. With respect to intensity, luster is characterized as splendent, shining, glistening, glimmering, and dull.

5. A substance which imparts luster to a surface, as plumbago and some of the glazes.

6. A fabric of wool and cotton with a lustrous surface, -- used for women's dresses. Luster ware, earthenware decorated by applying to the glazing metallic oxides, which acquire brilliancy in the process of baking.

Luster, Lustre

Lus"ter, Lus"tre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lustred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lustering, ∨ Lustring.] To make lustrous. [R. & Poetic]
Flooded and lustered with her loosened gold. Lowell.

Lustering

Lus"ter*ing, n.

1. The act or process of imparting a luster, as to pottery.

2. The brightening of a metal in the crucible when it becomes pure, as in certain refining processes.

Lusterless, Lustreless

Lus"ter*less, Lus"tre*less, a. Destitute of luster; dim; dull.

Lustful

Lust"ful (?), a.

1. Full of lust; excited by lust Spenser. Tillotson.

2. Exciting lust; characterized by lust or sensuality. " Lustful orgies." Milton.

3. Strong; lusty. [Obs.] " Lustful health." Sackville. Syn. -- sensual; fleshly; carnal; inordinate; licentious; lewd; unchaste; impure; libidinous; lecherous. -- Lust"ful*ly, adv. -- Lust"ful*ness, n.

Lustic

Lus"tic (?), a. Lusty; vigorous. [Obs.]

Lustihead

Lus"ti*head (?), n. [Lusty + -head.] See Lustihood. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lustihood

Lus"ti*hood (?), n. [Lusty + -hood.] State of being lusty; vigor of body. " Full of lustihood." Tennyson.

Lustily

Lus"ti*ly, adv. In a lusty or vigorous manner.

Lustiness

Lus"ti*ness, n. State of being lusty; vigor; strength.

Lustless

Lust"less (?), a. [CF. Listless.]

1. Lacking vigor; weak; spiritless. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. Free from sexual lust.

Lustral

Lus"tral (?), a. [L. lustralis, fr. lustrum: cf. F. lustral. See Lustrum.]

1. Of or pertaining to, or used for, purification; as, lustral days; lustral water.

2. Of or pertaining to a lustrum.

Lustrate

Lus"trate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lustrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lustrating (?).] [L. lustratus, p. p. of lustrare to lustrate, fr. lustrum. See Lustrum.] To make clear or pure by means of a propitiatory offering; to purify.
We must purge, and cleanse, and lustrate the whole city. Hammond.

Lustration

Lus*tra"tion (?), n. [L. lustratio: cf. F. lustration.]

1. The act of lustrating or purifying.

And holy water for lustration bring. Dryden.

2. (Antiq.) A sacrifice, or ceremony, by which cities, fields, armies, or people, defiled by crimes, pestilence, or other cause of uncleanness, were purified.

Lustre

Lus"tre (?), n. Same as Luster.

Lustrical

Lus"tri*cal (?), a. [L. lustricus, fr. lustrum. See Lustrum.] Pertaining to, or used for, purification.

Lustring

Lus"tring (?), n. [F. lustrine, It. lustrino, fr. lustrare to polish, L. lustrare. See 3d Luster, and cf. Lutestring.] A kind of glossy silk fabric. See Lutestring.

Lustrous

Lus"trous (?), a. [Cf. F. lustreux. See 3d Luster.] Bright; shining; luminous. " Good sparks and lustrous." Shak. -- Lus"trous*ly, adv.

Lustrum

Lus"trum (?), n.; pl. E. Lustrums (#), L. Lustra (#). [L. Cf. 2d & 3d Luster.] A lustration or purification, especially the purification of the whole Roman people, which was made by the censors once in five years. Hence: A period of five years.

Lustwort

Lust"wort` n. (Bot.) See Sundew.

Lusty

Lust"y (?), a. [Compar. Lustier (?); superl. Lustiest.] [From Lust. See Lust, and cf. Luscious.]

1. Exhibiting lust or vigor; stout; strong; vigorous; robust; healthful; able of body.

Neither would their old men, so many as were yet vigorous and lusty, be left at home. Milton.

2. Beautiful; handsome; pleasant. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. Of large size; big. [Obs.] " Three lusty vessels." Evelyn. Hence, sometimes, pregnant. [Obs. or Prov.]

4. Lustful; lascivious. [Obs.] Milton.

Lusus natur\'91

Lu"sus na*tu"r\'91 (?). [L., fr. lusus sport + naturae, gen. of natura nature.] Sport or freak of nature; a deformed or unnatural production.

Lutanist

Lut"a*nist (?), n. [LL.lutanista, fr. lutana lute. See Lute the instrument.] A person that plays on the lute. Johnson.

Lutarious

Lu*ta"ri*ous (?), a. [L. lutarius fr. lutum mud.] Of, pertaining to, or like, mud; living in mud. [Obs.] Grew.

Lutation

Lu*ta"tion (?), n. [L. lutare, lutatum, to bedaub with mud, fr. lutum mud: cf. F. lutation.] The act or method of luting vessels.

Lute

Lute (?), n. [L. lutum mud, clay: cf. OF. lut.]

1. (Chem.) A cement of clay or other tenacious infusible substance for sealing joints in apparatus, or the mouths of vessels or tubes, or for coating the bodies of retorts, etc., when exposed to heat; -- called also luting.

2. A packing ring, as of rubber, for fruit jars, etc.

3. (Brick Making) A straight-edged piece of wood for striking off superfluous clay from mold.

Lute

Lute, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Luted; p. pr. & vb. n. Luting.] To close or seal with lute; as, to lute on the cover of a crucible; to lute a joint.

Lute

Lute, n. [OF. leut, F. luth; skin to Pr. la\'a3t, It. li\'a3to, le\'a3to, Sp. la\'a3d, Pg. alaude; all fr. Ar. al'; al the + ' wood, timber, trunk or branch of a tree, staff, stick, wood of aloes, lute or harp.] (Mus.) A stringed instrument formerly much in use. It consists of four parts, namely, the table or front, the body, having nine or ten ribs or "sides," arranged like the divisions of a melon, the neck, which has nine or ten frets or divisions, and the head, or cross, in which the screws for tuning are inserted. The strings are struck with the right hand, and with the left the stops are pressed.

Lute

Lute, v. i. To sound, as a lute. Piers Plowman. Keats.

Lute

Lute, v. t. To play on a lute, or as on a lute.
Knaves are men That lute and flute fantastic tenderness. Tennyson.

Lute-backed

Lute"-backed` (?), a. Having a curved spine.

Luteic

Lu*te"ic (?), a. (Chem.) (a) Pertaining to, or derived from, weld (Reseda luteola). (b) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid resembling luteolin, but obtained from the flowers of Euphorbia cyparissias.

Lutein

Lu"te*in (?), n. [From corpus luteum.] (Physiol. Chem.) A substance of a strongly marked yellow color, extracted from the yelk of eggs, and from the tissue of the corpus luteum.

Lutenist

Lut"e*nist (?), n. Same as Lutanist.

Luteo-

Lu"te*o- (?). [L. luteus.] (Chem.) A combining form signifying orange yellow or brownish yellow.

Luteocobaltic

Lu"te*o*co*balt"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, certain compounds of cobalt having a yellow color. Cf. Cobaltic. Luteocobaltic chloride (Chem.), a brilliant reddish yellow crystalline compound, Co2Cl6(NH3)12, obtained by the action of ammonium chloride on an ammoniacal solution of cobaltic chloride.

Luteolin

Lu"te*o*lin (?), n. [From NL. Reseda luteola, fr. L. luteolus yellowish, fr. luteus: cf. F. lut\'82oline. See Luteous.] (Chem.) A yellow dyestuff obtained from the foliage of the dyer's broom (Reseda luteola).

Luteous

Lu"te*ous (?), a. [L. luteus, fr. lutum dyer's broom, weld, which is used as a yellow dye.] Yellowish; more or less like buff.

Luter

Lut"er (?), n. [From 3d Lute.] One who plays on a lute.

Luter

Lut"er, n. [From Ist Lute.] One who applies lute.

Lutescent

Lu*tes"cent (?), a. [L. luteus yellow.] Of a yellowish color.

Lutestring

Lute"string` (?), n. [Corrupted fr. lustring.] A plain, stout, lustrous silk, used for ladies' dresses and for ribbon. Goldsmith.

Luth

Luth (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) The leatherback.

Lutheran

Lu"ther*an (?), a. (Eccl. Hist.) Of or pertaining to Luther; adhering to the doctrines of Luther or the Lutheran Church.

Lutheran

Lu"ther*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One who accepts or adheres to the doctrines of Luther or the Lutheran Church.

Lutheranism, Lutherism

Lu"ther*an*ism, Lu"ther*ism (?), n. The doctrines taught by Luther or held by the Lutheran Church.

Luthern

Lu"thern (?), n. [F. lucarne a dormer, dormer window, garret window, L. lucerna lamp, fr. lucere to be light or clear, fr. lux light. See Light, n., and cf. Lucarne.] (Arch.) A dormer window. See Dormer.

Lutidine

Lu"ti*dine (?), n. [From toluidine, by transposition.] (Chem.) Any one of several metameric alkaloids, C5H3N.(CH3)2, of the pyridine series, obtained from bone oil as liquids, and having peculiar pungent odors. These alkaloids are also called respectively dimethyl pyridine, ethyl pyridine, etc. <-- most commonly 2,6-lutidine = 2,6-dimethyl pyridine -->
Page 877

Luting

Lut"ing (?), n. (Chem.) See Lute, a cement.

Lutist

Lut"ist, n. One who plays on a lute.

Lutose

Lu*tose" (?), a. [L. lutosus, fr. lutum mud.] Covered with clay; miry.

Lutulence

Lu"tu*lence (?), n. The state or quality of being lutulent.

Lutulent

Lu"tu*lent (?), a. [L. lutulentus, fr. lutum mud.] Muddy; turbid; thick. [Obs.]

Luwack

Lu*wack" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Paradoxure.

Lux

Lux (?), v. t. [Cf. F. luxer. See Luxate.] To put out of joint; to luxate. [Obs.]

Luxate

Lux"ate (?), a. [L. luxatus, p. p. of luxare to dislocate.] Luxated. [Obs.]

Luxate

Lux"ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Luxated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Luxating (?).] To displace, or remove from its proper place, as a joint; to put out of joint; to dislocate.

Luxation

Lux*a"tion (?), n. [L. luxatio: cf. F. luxation.] The act of luxating, or the state of being luxated; a dislocation.

Luxe

Luxe (?), n. [L. luxus: cf. F. luxe.] Luxury. [Obs.] Shenstone. \'90dition de luxe (. [F.] (Printing) A sumptuous edition as regards paper, illustrations, binding, etc.

Luxive

Lux"ive (?), a. Given to luxury; voluptuous. [Obs.]

Luxullianite

Lux*ul"li*an*ite (?), n. [So called from Luxullian, in Cornwall.] (Min.) A kind of granite from Luxullian, Cornwall, characterized by the presence of radiating groups of minute tourmaline crystals.

Luxuriance

Lux*u"ri*ance (?), n. [Cf. F. luxuriance.] The state or quality of being luxuriant; rank, vigorous growth; excessive abundance produced by rank growth. "Tropical luxuriance." B. Taylor.

Luxuriancy

Lux*u"ri*an*cy (?), n. The state or quality of being luxuriant; luxuriance.
Flowers grow up in the garden in the greatest luxuriancy and profusion. Spectator.

Luxuriant

Lux*u"ri*ant (?), a. [L. luxurians, p. pr. of luxuriare: cf. F. luxuriant. See Luxuriate.] Exuberant in growth; rank; excessive; very abundant; as, a luxuriant growth of grass; luxuriant foliage.
Prune the luxuriant, the uncouth refine. Pope.
Luxuriant flower (Bot.), one in which the floral envelopes are overdeveloped at the expense of the essential organs.

Luxuriantly

Lux*u"ri*ant*ly, adv. In a luxuriant manner.

Luxuriate

Lux*u"ri*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Luxuriated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Luxuriating.] [L. luxuriatus, p. p. of luxuriari, -are, to luxuriate. See Luxury.]

1. To grow exuberantly; to grow to superfluous abundance. " Corn luxuriates in a better mold." Burton.

2. To feed or live luxuriously; as, the herds luxuriate in the pastures.

3. To indulge with unrestrained delight and freedom; as, to luxuriate in description.

Luxuriation

Lux*u`ri*a"tion (?), n. The act or process luxuriating.

Luxuriety

Lux`u*ri"e*ty (?), n. Luxuriance. [Obs.]

Luxurious

Lux*u"ri*ous (?), a. [L. luxuriosus: cf. F. luxurieux. See Luxury.] Of or pertaining to luxury; ministering to luxury; supplied with the conditions of luxury; as, a luxurious life; a luxurious table; luxurious ease. " Luxurious cities. " Milton. -- Lux*u"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Lux*u"ri*ous*ness, n.

Luxurist

Lux"u*rist (?), n. One given to luxury. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.

Luxury

Lux"u*ry (?), n.; pl. Luxuries (#). [L. luxuria, fr. luxus: cf. F. luxure.]

1. A free indulgence in costly food, dress, furniture, or anything expensive which gratifies the appetites or tastes.

Riches expose a man to pride and luxury. Spectator.

2. Anything which pleases the senses, and is also costly, or difficult to obtain; an expensive rarity; as, silks, jewels, and rare fruits are luxuries; in some countries ice is a great luxury.

He cut the side of a rock for a garden, and, by laying on it earth, furnished out a kind of luxury for a hermit. Addison.

3. Lechery; lust. [Obs.] Shak.

Luxury is in wine and drunkenness. Chaucer.

4. Luxuriance; exuberance. [Obs.] Bacon. Syn. -- Voluptuousness; epicurism; effeminacy; sensuality; lasciviousness; dainty; delicacy; gratification.

Luz

Luz (?), n. A bone of the human body which was supposed by certain Rabbinical writers to be indestructible. Its location was a matter of dispute. Brande & C.

-ly

-ly (?). [OE. -lich, AS. -lic, orig. the same word as E. li, a. See Like, a.] A suffix forming adjectives and adverbs, and denoting likeness or resemblance.

Lyam

Ly"am (?), n. [See Leam.] A leash. [Obs.]

Lycanthrope

Ly"can*thrope (?), n. [Gr.

1. A human being fabled to have been changed into a wolf; a werewolf.

2. One affected with lycanthropy.

Lycanthropia

Ly`can*thro"pi*a (?), n. [NL.] See Lycanthropy, 2.

Lycanthropic

Ly`can*throp"ic (?), a. Pertaining to lycanthropy.

Lycanthropist

Ly*can"thro*pist (?), n. One affected by the disease lycanthropy.

Lycanthropous

Ly*can"thro*pous (?), a. Lycanthropic.

Lycanthropy

Ly*can"thro*py (?), n. [Gr. lycanthropie.]

1. The supposed act of turning one's self or another person into a wolf. Lowell.

2. (Med.) A kind of erratic melancholy, in which the patient imagines himself a wolf, and imitates the actions of that animal.

Lyceum

Ly*ce"um (?), n.; pl. E. Lyceums (#), L. Lycea (#). [L. lyceum, Gr. Wolf.]

1. A place of exercise with covered walks, in the suburbs of Athens, where Aristotle taught philosophy.

2. A house or apartment appropriated to instruction by lectures or disquisitions.

3. A higher school, in Europe, which prepares youths for the university.

4. An association for debate and literary improvement.

Lyche

Lyche (?), a. Like. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lychee

Ly"chee` (?), n. (Bot.) See Litchi.

Lych gate

Lych" gate` (?). See under Lich.

Lychnis

Lych"nis (?), n. [L., a kind of red flower, Gr. lychni`s; cf. ly`chnos a lamp.] (Bot.) A genus of Old World plants belonging to the Pink family (Caryophyllace\'91). Most of the species have brilliantly colored flowers and cottony leaves, which may have anciently answered as wicks for lamps. The botanical name is in common use for the garden species. The corn cockle (Lychnis Githago) is a common weed in wheat fields.

Lychnobite

Lych"no*bite (?), n. [Gr. ly`chnos a lamp + bi`os life.] One who labors at night and sleeps in the day.

Lychnoscope

Lych"no*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Arch.) Same as Low side window, under Low, a.

Lycine

Lyc"ine (?), n. (Chem.) A weak base identical with betaine; -- so called because found in the boxthorn (Lycium barbarum). See Betaine.<-- (also called oxyneurine, glycine betaine, glycocoll betain; = carboxymethyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt. C5H11NO2 (zwitterion) -->

Lycoperdon

Ly`co*per"don (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Bot.) A genus of fungi, remarkable for the great quantity of spores, forming a fine dust, which is thrown out like smoke when the plant is compressed or burst; puffball.

Lycopod

Ly"co*pod (?), n. [Cf. F. lycopode.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Lycopodium.

Lycopode

Ly"co*pode (?), n. [F.] Same as Lycopodium powder. See under Lycopodium.

Lycopodiaceous

Ly`co*po`di*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Belonging, or relating, to the Lycopodiace\'91, an order of cryptogamous plants (called also club mosses) with branching stems, and small, crowded, one-nerved, and usually pointed leaves.

Lycopodite

Ly*cop"o*dite (?), n. (Paleon.) An old name for a fossil club moss.

Lycopodium

Ly`co*po"di*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Bot.) A genus of mosslike plants, the type of the order Lycopodiace\'91; club moss. Lycopodium powder, a fine powder or dust composed of the spores of Lycopodium, and other plants of the order Lycopodiace\'91. It is highly inflammable, and is sometimes used in the manufacture of fireworks, and the artificial representation of lightning.

Lycotropous

Ly*cot"ro*pous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Campylotropous.

Lyden

Lyd"en (?), n. See Leden. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lydian

Lyd"i*an (?), a. [L. Lydius, fr. Lydia, Gr. Of or pertaining to Lydia, a country of Asia Minor, or to its inhabitants; hence, soft; effeminate; -- said especially of one of the ancient Greek modes or keys, the music in which was of a soft, pathetic, or voluptuous character.
Softly sweet in Lydian measures, Soon he soothed his soul to pleasures. Dryden.
Lydian stone, a flint slate used by the ancients to try gold and silver; a touchstone. See Basanite.

Lydine

Lyd"ine (?), n. (Dyeing) A violet dye derived from aniline.

Lye

Lye (?), n. [Written also lie and ley.] [AS. le\'a0h; akin to D. loog, OHG. louga, G. lauge; cf. Icel. laug a bath, a hot spring.] A strong caustic alkaline solution of potassium salts, obtained by leaching wood ashes. It is much used in making soap, etc.

Lye

Lye, n. (Railroad) A short side line, connected with the main line; a turn-out; a siding. [Eng.]

Lye

Lye, n. A falsehood. [Obs.] See Lie.

Lyencephala

Ly`en*ceph"a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of Mammalia, including the marsupials and monotremes; -- so called because the corpus callosum is rudimentary.

Lyencephalous

Ly`en*ceph"a*lous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the Lyencephala.

Lyerman

Ly"er*man (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The cicada.

Lygodium

Ly*go"di*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of ferns with twining or climbing fronds, bearing stalked and variously-lobed divisions in pairs. &hand; Lygodium palmatum, much prized for indoor ornament, inhabits shaded and moist grassy places, from Massachusetts to Virginia and Kentucky, and sparingly southwards.

Lying

Ly"ing (?), p. pr. & vb. n. of Lie, to tell a falsehood.

Lying

Ly"ing, p. pr. & vb. n. of Lie, to be supported horizontally. Lying panel (Arch.), a panel in which the grain of the wood is horizontal. [R.] -- Lying to (Naut.), having the sails so disposed as to counteract each other.

Lying-in

Ly"ing-in" (?), n.

1. The state attending, and consequent to, childbirth; confinement.

2. The act of bearing a child.

Lyingly

Ly"ing*ly, adv. In a lying manner; falsely.

Lyken

Ly"ken (?), v. t. [See Like, v. t. ] To please; -- chiefly used impersonally. [Obs.] " Sith it lyketh you." Chaucer.

Lym, ∨ Lymhound

Lym (?), ∨ Lym"hound` (?), n. A dog held in a leam; a bloodhound; a limehound. [Obs.] Shak.

Lymail

Ly*mail" (?), n. See Limaille. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Lyme grass

Lyme" grass` (?). (Bot.) A coarse perennial grass of several species of Elymus, esp. E. Canadensis, and the European E. arenarius.

Lymph

Lymph (?), n. [L. lympha: cf. F. lymphe.]

1. A spring of water; hence, water, or a pure, transparent liquid like water.

A fountain bubbled up, whose lymph serene Nothing of earthly mixture might distain. Trench.

2. (Anat.) An alkaline colorless fluid, contained in the lymphatic vessels, coagulable like blood, but free from red blood corpuscles. It is absorbed from the various tissues and organs of the body, and is finally discharged by the thoracic and right lymphatic ducts into the great veins near the heart.

3. (Med.) A fibrinous material exuded from the blood vessels in inflammation. In the process of healing it is either absorbed, or is converted into connective tissue binding the inflamed surfaces together. Lymph corpuscles (Anat.), finely granular nucleated cells, identical with the colorless blood corpuscles, present in the lymph and chyle. -- Lymph duct (Anat.), a lymphatic. -- Lymph heart. See Note under Heart, n., 1.

Lymphadenitis

Lym`pha*de*ni"tis (?), n. [NL. See Lymph, and Adenitis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the lymphatic glands; -- called also lymphitis.

Lymphadenoma

Lym`pha*de*no"ma (?), n. [NL. See Lymph, Aden-, and -oma.] (Med.) See Lymphoma.

Lymphangeitis

Lym*phan`ge*i"tis (?), n. [NL., from L. lympha lymph + Gr. -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels. [Written also lymphangitis.]

Lymphangial

Lym*phan"gi*al (?), a. [See Lymphangeitis.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the lymphatics, or lymphoid tissue; lymphatic.

Lymphate, Lymphated

Lymph"ate (?), Lymph"a*ted (?), a. [L. lymphatus, p. p. of lymphare to water, dilute with water, to drive out of one's senses, to make mad.] Frightened into madness; raving. [Obs.]

Lymphatic

Lym*phat"ic (?), a. [L. lymphaticus distracted, frantic: cf. F. lymphatique] pertaining to, containing, or conveying lymph.

2. Madly enthusiastic; frantic. [Obs.] " Lymphatic rapture. " Sir T. Herbert. [See Lymphate.] Lymphatic gland (Anat.), one of the solid glandlike bodies connected with the lymphatics or the lacteals; -- called also lymphatic ganglion, and conglobate gland. -- Lymphatic temperament (Old Physiol.), a temperament in which the lymphatic system seems to predominate, that is, a system in which the complexion lacks color and the tissues seem to be of loose texture; hence, a temperament lacking energy, inactive, indisposed to exertion or excitement. See Temperament.

Lymphatic

Lym*phat"ic, n.

1. (Anat.) One of the lymphatic or absorbent vessels, which carry lymph and discharge it into the veins; lymph duct; lymphatic duct.

2. A mad enthusiast; a lunatic. [Obs.]

Lymphitis

Lym*phi"tis (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) See Lymphadenitis.

Lymphogenic

Lym`pho*gen"ic (?), a. [Lymph + root of L. gignere to produce.] (Physiol.) Connected with, or formed in, the lymphatic glands.

Lymphography

Lym*phog"ra*phy (?), n. [Lymph + -graphy.] A description of the lymphatic vessels, their origin and uses.

Lymphoid

Lymph"oid (?), a. [Lymph + -oid.] (Anat.) Resembling lymph; also, resembling a lymphatic gland; adenoid; as, lymphoid tissue.

Lymphoma

Lym*pho"ma (?), n. [NL. See Lymph, and -oma.] (Med.) A tumor having a structure resembling that of a lymphatic gland; -- called also lymphadenoma. Malignant lymphoma, a fatal disease characterized by the formation in various parts of the body of new growths resembling lymphatic glands in structure.

Lymphy

Lymph"y (?), a. Containing, or like, lymph.

Lyn

Lyn (?), n. A waterfall. See Lin. [Scot.]

Lyncean

Lyn*ce"an (?), a. [See Lynx.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the lynx.

Lynch

Lynch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lynched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Lynching.] [See Note under Lynch law.] To inflict punishment upon, especially death, without the forms of law, as when a mob captures and hangs a suspected person. See Lynch law.

Lyncher

Lynch"er (?), n. One who assists in lynching.

Lynch law

Lynch" law` (?). The act or practice by private persons of inflicting punishment for crimes or offenses, without due process of law. &hand; The term Lynch law is said to be derived from a Virginian named Lynch, who took the law into his own hands. But the origin of the term is very doubtful.

Lynde, Lynden

Lynde (?), Lyn"den (?), n. See Linden.

Lyne

Lyne (?), n. Linen. [Obs.] Spenser.

Lynx

Lynx (?), n. [L. lynx, lyncis, Gr. lox, G. luchs, prob. named from its sharp sight, and akin to E. light. See Light, n., and cf. Ounce an animal.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of feline animals of the genus Felis, and subgenus Lynx. They have a short tail, and usually a pencil of hair on the tip of the ears.


Page 878

&hand; Among the well-known species are the European lynx (Felis borealis); the Canada lynx or loup-cervier (F. Canadensis); the bay lynx of America (F. rufa), and its western spotted variety (var. maculata); and the pardine lynx (F. pardina) of Southern Europe.

2. (Astron.) One of the northern constellations.

Lynx-eyed

Lynx"-eyed` (?), a. Having acute sight.

Lyonnaise

Ly`on`naise" (?), a. [F. lyonnaise, fem. of lyonnais of Lyons.] (Cookery) Applied to boiled potatoes cut into small pieces and heated in oil or butter. They are usually flavored with onion and parsley.

Lyopomata

Ly`o*po"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of brachiopods, in which the valves of shell are not articulated by a hinge. It includes the Lingula, Discina, and allied forms. [Written also Lyopoma.]

Lyra

Ly"ra (?), n. [L. lyra, Gr. Lyre.]

1. (Astron.) A northern constellation, the Harp, containing a white star of the first magnitude, called Alpha Lyr\'91, or Vega.<-- has-member -->

2. (Anat.) The middle portion of the ventral surface of the fornix of the brain; -- so called from the arrangement of the lines with which it is marked in the human brain.

Lyraid

Ly"ra*id (?), n. (Astron.) Same as Lyrid.

Lyrate, Lyrated

Ly"rate (?), Ly"ra*ted (?), a. [NL. lyratus. See Lyre.]

1. (Bot.) Lyre-shaped, or spatulate and oblong, with small lobes toward the base; as, a lyrate leaf.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Shaped like a lyre, as the tail of the blackcock, or that of the lyre bird.

Lyre

Lyre (?), n. [OE. lire, OF. lyre, L. lyra, Gr. Lyra.]

1. (Mus.) A stringed instrument of music; a kind of harp much used by the ancients, as an accompaniment to poetry. &hand; The lyre was the peculiar instrument of Apollo, the tutelary god of music and poetry. It gave name to the species of verse called lyric, to which it originally furnished an accompaniment

2. (Astron.) One of the constellations; Lyra. See Lyra. Lyre bat (Zo\'94l.), a small bat (Megaderma lyra), inhabiting India and Ceylon. It is remarkable for the enormous size and curious shape of the nose membrane and ears. -- Lyre turtle (Zo\'94l.), the leatherback.

Lyre bird

Lyre" bird` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of two or three species of Australian birds of the genus Menura. The male is remarkable for having the sixteen tail feathers very long and, when spread, arranged in the form of a lyre. The common lyre bird (Menura superba), inhabiting New South Wales, is about the size of a grouse. Its general color is brown, with rufous color on the throat, wings, tail coverts and tail. Called also lyre pheasant and lyre-tail.

Lyric, Lyrical

Lyr"ic (?), Lyr"ic*al (?), a. [L. lyricus, Gr. lyrique. See Lyre.]

1. Of or pertaining to a lyre or harp.

2. Fitted to be sung to the lyre; hence, also, appropriate for song; -- said especially of poetry which expresses the individual emotions of the poet. "Sweet lyric song." Milton.

Lyric

Lyr"ic, n.

1. A lyric poem; a lyrical composition.

2. A composer of lyric poems. [R.] Addison.

3. A verse of the kind usually employed in lyric poetry; -- used chiefly in the plural. <--

4. pl. The words of a song. -->

Lyrically

Lyr"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In a lyrical manner.

Lyricism

Lyr"i*cism (?), n. A lyric composition. Gray.

Lyrid

Ly"rid (?), n. (Astron.) One of the group of shooting stars which come into the air in certain years on or about the 19th of April; -- so called because the apparent path among the stars the stars if produced back wards crosses the constellation Lyra.

Lyrie

Ly"rie (?), n. [Icel. hl a sort of fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A European fish (Peristethus cataphractum), having the body covered with bony plates, and having three spines projecting in front of the nose; -- called also noble, pluck, pogge, sea poacher, and armed bullhead.

Lyriferous

Ly*rif"er*ous (?), a. [Lyre + -ferous.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a lyre-shaped shoulder girdle, as certain fishes.

Lyrism

Lyr"ism (?), n. [Cf. Gr. The act of playing on a lyre or harp. G. Eliot.

Lyrist

Lyr"ist, n. [L. lyristes, Gr. lyriste.] A musician who plays on the harp or lyre; a composer of lyrical poetry. Shelley.

Lysimeter

Ly*sim"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] An instrument for measuring the water that percolates through a certain depth of soil. Knight.

Lysis

Ly"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) The resolution or favorable termination of a disease, coming on gradually and not marked by abrupt change. &hand; It is usually contrasted with crisis, in which the improvement is sudden and marked; as, pneumonia ends by crisis, typhoid fever by lysis.

Lyssa

Lys"sa (?), n. [NL. See Lytta.] (Med.) Hydrophobia. &hand; The plural (Lyss\'91) has been used to signify the pustules supposed to be developed under the tongue in hydrophobia.

Lyterian

Ly*te"ri*an (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Termination a disease; indicating the end of a disease.

Lythe

Lythe (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European pollack; -- called also laith, and leet. [Scot.]

Lythe

Lythe (?), a. [See Lithe, a.] Soft; flexible. [Obs.] Spenser.

Lythonthriptic, Lythontriptic

Lyth`on*thrip"tic (?), Lyth`on*trip"*tic (?), a. (Med.) See Lithontriptic.

Lytta

Lyt"ta (?), n.; pl. Lytt\'91 (#). [L., a worm said to grow under the tongue of dogs, and to cause canine madness, fr. Gr. (Anat.) A fibrous and muscular band lying within the longitudinal axis of the tongue in many mammals, as the dog.
Page 879

Maccaboy, Maccoboy

Mac"ca*boy (?), Mac"co*boy (?), n. [From a district in the Island of Martinique where it is made: cf. F. macouba.] A kind of snuff.

Macco

Mac"co (?), n. A gambling game in vogue in the eighteenth century. Thackeray.

Mace

Mace (?), n. [Jav. & Malay. m\'bes, fr. Skr. m\'besha a bean.] A money of account in China equal to one tenth of a tael; also, a weight of 57.98 grains. S. W. Williams.

Mace

Mace (?), n. [F. macis, L. macis, macir, Gr. makaranda the nectar or honey of a flower, a fragrant mango.] (Bot.) A kind of spice; the aril which partly covers nutmegs. See Nutmeg. &hand; Red mace is the aril of Myristica tingens, and white mace that of M. Otoba, -- East Indian trees of the same genus with the nutmeg tree.

Mace

Mace, n. [OF. mace, F. masse, from (assumed) L. matea, of which the dim. mateola a kind of mallet or beetle, is found.]

1. A heavy staff or club of metal; a spiked club; -- used as weapon in war before the general use of firearms, especially in the Middle Ages, for breaking metal armor. Chaucer.

Death with his mace petrific . . . smote. Milton.

2. Hence: A staff borne by, or carried before, a magistrate as an ensign of his authority. "Swayed the royal mace." Wordsworth.

3. An officer who carries a mace as an emblem of authority. Macaulay.

4. A knobbed mallet used by curriers in dressing leather to make it supple.

5. (Billiards) A rod for playing billiards, having one end suited to resting on the table and pushed with one hand. Mace bearer, an officer who carries a mace before person in authority.

Macedonian

Mac`e*do"ni*an (?), a. [L. Macedonius, Gr. (Geog.) Belonging, or relating, to Macedonia. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Macedonia.

Macedonian

Mac`e*do"ni*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a certain religious sect, followers of Macedonius, Bishop of Constantinople, in the fourth century, who held that the Holy Ghost was a creature, like the angels, and a servant of the Father and the Son.

Macedonianism

Mac`e*do"ni*an*ism (?), n. The doctrines of Macedonius.

Macer

Ma"cer (?), n. [F. massier. See Mace staff.] A mace bearer; an officer of a court. P. Plowman.

Macerate

Mac"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Macerated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Macerating.] [L. maceratus, p. p. of macerare to make soft, weaken, enervate; cf. Gr.

1. To make lean; to cause to waste away. [Obs. or R.] Harvey.

2. To subdue the appetites of by poor and scanty diet; to mortify. Baker.

3. To soften by steeping in a liquid, with or without heat; to wear away or separate the parts of by steeping; as, to macerate animal or vegetable fiber.

Macerater

Mac"er*a`ter (?), n. One who, or that which, macerates; an apparatus for converting paper or fibrous matter into pulp.

Maceration

Mac`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. maceratio: cf. F. mac\'82ration.] The act or process of macerating.

Mach\'91rodus, Machairodus

Ma*ch\'91"ro*dus (?), Ma*chai"ro*dus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of extinct mammals allied to the cats, and having in the upper jaw canine teeth of remarkable size and strength; -- hence called saber-toothed tigers.

Machete

Ma*che"te (?), n. [Sp.] A large heavy knife resembling a broadsword, often two or three feet in length, -- used by the inhabitants of Spanish America as a hatchet to cut their way through thickets, and for various other purposes. J. Stevens.

Machiavelian

Mach`i*a*vel"ian (?), a. [From Machiavel, an Italian writer, secretary and historiographer to the republic of Florence.] Of or pertaining to Machiavel, or to his supposed principles; politically cunning; characterized by duplicity or bad faith; crafty.

Machiavelian

Mach`i*a*vel"ian, n. One who adopts the principles of Machiavel; a cunning and unprincipled politician.

Machiavelism, Machiavelianism

Mach"i*a*vel*ism (?), Mach`i*a*vel"ian*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. machiav\'82lisme; It. machiavellismo.] The supposed principles of Machiavel, or practice in conformity to them; political artifice, intended to favor arbitrary power.

Machicolated

Ma*chic"o*la`ted (?), a. [LL. machicolatus, p. p. of machicolare, machicollare. See Machicolation.] Having machicolations. "Machicolated turrets." C. Kingsley.

Machicolation

Mach`i*co*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. machicolamentum, machacolladura, F. m\'83chicolis, m\'83checoulis; perh. fr. F. m\'8ache match, combustible matter + OF. coulis, couleis, flowing, fr. OF. & F. couler to flow. Cf. Match for making fire, and Cullis.]

1. (Mil. Arh.) An opening between the corbels which support a projecting parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, shooting or dropping missiles upen assailants attacking the base of the walls. Also, the construction of such defenses, in general, when of this character. See Illusts. of Battlement and Castle.

2. The act of discharging missiles or pouring burning or melted substances upon assailants through such apertures.

Machicoulis

Ma`chi`cou`lis" (?), n. [F. m\'83chicoulis.] (Mil. Arch.) Same as Machicolation.

Machinal

Ma*chin"al (?), a. [L. machinalis: cf. F. machinal.] Of or pertaining to machines.

Machinate

Mach"i*nate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Machinated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Machinating (?).] [L. machinatus, p. p. of machinari to devise, plot. See Machine.] To plan; to contrive; esp., to form a scheme with the purpose of doing harm; to contrive artfully; to plot. "How long will you machinate!" Sandys.

Machinate

Mach"i*nate (?), v. t. To contrive, as a plot; to plot; as, to machinate evil.

Machination

Mach`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. machinatio: cf. F. machination.]

1. The act of machinating. Shak.

2. That which is devised; a device; a hostile or treacherous scheme; an artful design or plot.

Devilish machinations come to naught. Milton.
His ingenious machinations had failed. Macaulay.

Machinator

Mach"i*na`tor (?), n. [L.] One who machinates, or forms a scheme with evil designs; a plotter or artful schemer. Glanvill. Sir W. Scott.

Machine

Ma*chine" (?), n. [F., fr. L. machina machine, engine, device, trick, Gr. Mechanic.]

1. In general, any combination of bodies so connected that their relative motions are constrained, and by means of which force and motion may be transmitted and modified, as a screw and its nut, or a lever arranged to turn about a fulcrum or a pulley about its pivot, etc.; especially, a construction, more or less complex, consisting of a combination of moving parts, or simple mechanical elements, as wheels, levers, cams, etc., with their supports and connecting framework, calculated to constitute a prime mover, or to receive force and motion from a prime mover or from another machine, and transmit, modify, and apply them to the production of some desired mechanical effect or work, as weaving by a loom, or the excitation of electricity by an electrical machine. &hand; The term machine is most commonly applied to such pieces of mechanism as are used in the industrial arts, for mechanically shaping, dressing, and combining materials for various purposes, as in the manufacture of cloth, etc. Where the effect is chemical, or other than mechanical, the contrivance is usually denominated an apparatus, not a machine; as, a bleaching apparatus. Many large, powerful, or specially important pieces of mechanism are called engines; as, a steam engine, fire engine, graduating engine, etc. Although there is no well-settled distinction between the terms engine and machine among practical men, there is a tendency to restrict the application of the former to contrivances in which the operating part is not distinct from the motor.

2. Any mechanical contrivance, as the wooden horse with which the Greeks entered Troy; a coach; a bicycle. Dryden. Southey. Thackeray.

3. A person who acts mechanically or at will of another.

4. A combination of persons acting together for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use; as, the social machine.

The whole machine of government ought not to bear upon the people with a weight so heavy and oppressive. Landor.

5. A political organization arranged and controlled by one or more leaders for selfish, private or partisan ends. [Political Cant]

6. Supernatural agency in a poem, or a superhuman being introduced to perform some exploit. Addison. Elementary machine, a name sometimes given to one of the simple mechanical powers. See under Mechanical. -- Infernal machine. See under Infernal. -- Machine gun.See under Gun. -- Machine screw, a screw or bolt adapted for screwing into metal, in distinction from one which is designed especially to be screwed into wood. -- Machine shop, a workshop where machines are made, or where metal is shaped by cutting, filing, turning, etc. -- Machine tool, a machine for cutting or shaping wood, metal, etc., by means of a tool; especially, a machine, as a lathe, planer, drilling machine, etc., designed for a more or less general use in a machine shop, in distinction from a machine for producing a special article as in manufacturing. -- Machine twist, silken thread especially adapted for use in a sewing machine. -- Machine work, work done by a machine, in contradistinction to that done by hand labor.

Machine

Ma*chine", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Machined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Machining.] To subject to the action of machinery; to effect by aid of machinery; to print with a printing machine.

Machiner

Ma*chin"er (?), n. One who or operates a machine; a machinist. [R.]

Machinery

Ma*chin"er*y (?), n. [From Machine: cf. F. machinerie.]

1. Machines, in general, or collectively.

2. The working parts of a machine, engine, or instrument; as, the machinery of a watch.

3. The supernatural means by which the action of a poetic or fictitious work is carried on and brought to a catastrophe; in an extended sense, the contrivances by which the crises and conclusion of a fictitious narrative, in prose or verse, are effected.

The machinery, madam, is a term invented by the critics, to signify that part which the deities, angels, or demons, are made to act in a poem. Pope.

4. The means and appliances by which anything is kept in action or a desired result is obtained; a complex system of parts adapted to a purpose.

An indispensable part of the machinery of state. Macaulay.
The delicate inflexional machinery of the Aryan languages. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

Machining

Ma*chin"ing, a. Of or pertaining to the machinery of a poem; acting or used as a machine.[Obs.] Dryden.

Machinist

Ma*chin"ist, n. [Cf. F. machiniste.]

1. A constrictor of machines and engines; one versed in the principles of machines.

2. One skilled in the use of machine tools.

3. A person employed to shift scenery in a theater.

Macho

Ma"cho (?), n. [Sp.] (Zo\'94l.) The striped mullet of California (Mugil cephalus, ∨ Mexicanus).

Macilency

Mac"i*len*cy (?), n. [See Macilent.] Leanness.[Obs.] Sandys.

Macilent

Mac"i*lent (?), a. [L. macilentus, fr. macies leanness, macere to be lean.] Lean; thin. [Obs.] Bailey.

Macintosh

Mac"in*tosh (?), n. Same as Mackintosh.

Mackerel

Mack"er*el (?), n. [OF. maquerel, F. maquereau, fr. D. makelaar mediator, agent, fr. makelen to act as agent.] A pimp; also, a bawd. [Obs.] Halliwell.

Mackerel

Mack`er*el (?), n. [OF. maquerel, F. maquereau (LL. macarellus), prob. for maclereau, fr. L. macula a spot, in allusion to the markings on the fish. See Mail armor.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of the genus Scomber, and of several related genera. They are finely formed and very active oceanic fishes. Most of them are highly prized for food. &hand; The common mackerel (Scomber scombrus), which inhabits both sides of the North Atlantic, is one of the most important food fishes. It is mottled with green and blue. The Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus), of the American coast, is covered with bright yellow circular spots. Bull mackerel, Chub mackerel. (Zo\'94l.) See under Chub. -- Frigate mackerel. See under Frigate. -- Horse mackerel . See under Horse. -- Mackerel bird (Zo\'94l.), the wryneck; -- so called because it arrives in England at the time when mackerel are in season. -- Mackerel cock (Zo\'94l.), the Manx shearwater; -- so called because it precedes the appearance of the mackerel on the east coast of Ireland. -- Mackerel guide. (Zo\'94l.) See Garfish (a). -- Mackerel gull (Zo\'94l.) any one of several species of gull which feed upon or follow mackerel, as the kittiwake. -- Mackerel midge (Zo\'94l.), a very small oceanic gadoid fish of the North Atlantic. It is about an inch and a half long and has four barbels on the upper jaw. It is now considered the young of the genus Onos, or Motella. -- Mackerel plow, an instrument for creasing the sides of lean mackerel to improve their appearance. Knight. -- Mackerel shark (Zo\'94l.), the porbeagle. -- Mackerel sky, ∨ Mackerel-back sky, a sky flecked with small white clouds; a cirro-cumulus. See Cloud.
Mackerel sky and mare's-tails Make tall ships carry low sails. Old Rhyme.

Mackinaw blanket, Mackinaw

Mack"i*naw blan"ket (?), Mack"i*naw.[From Mackinac,the State of Michigan, where blankets and other stores were distributed to the Indians.] A thick blanket formerly in common use in the western part of the United States.

Mackintosh

Mack"in*tosh (?), n. A waterproof outer garment; -- so called from the name of the inventor.

Mackle

Mac`kle (?), n. [See Macle.] Same Macule.

Mackle

Mac"kle, v. t. & i. To blur, or be blurred, in printing, as if there were a double impression.

Macle

Ma"cle (?), n. [L. macula a spot: cf. F. macle. Cf. Mackle, Mascle.] (Min.) (a) Chiastolite; -- so called from the tessellated appearance of a cross section. See Chiastolite. (b) A crystal having a similar tessellated appearance. (c) A twin crystal.

Macled

Ma"cled (?), a.

1. (Min.) (a) Marked like macle (chiastolite). (b) Having a twin structure. See Twin, a.

2. See Mascled.

Maclurea

Ma*clu"re*a (?), n. [NL. Named from William Maclure, the geologist.] (Paleon.) A genus of spiral gastropod shells, often of large size, characteristic of the lower Silurian rocks.

Maclurin

Ma*clu"rin (?), n. (Chem.) See Morintannic. <-- macrame, n. the art of tying knots in patterns. -->

Macrame lace

Mac"ra*me lace" (?). A coarse lace made of twine, used especially in decorating furniture.

Macrencephalic, Macrencephalous

Mac`ren*ce*phal"ic (?), Mac`ren*ceph"a*lous (?), a. [Macro + encephalic, encephalous.] Having a large brain. <-- macro (computer programming) [short for macroinstruction] (a) a single instruction in a program which symbolizes, and is replaced by during time of program execution, a series of instructions. (b) a keystroke (or combination of keystrokes) which symbolizes and is replaced by a series of keystrokes. -- a convenient feature of some advanced programs, such as word processors or database programs, which allows a user to rapidly execute any series of operations which may be performed multiple times. Such macros may typically be defined by the program user, without rewriting or recompiling the program. -->

Macro-

Mac"ro- (?). [Gr. makro`s, adj.] A combining form signifying long, large, great; as macrodiagonal, macrospore.<-- macromolecule, macrocosm -->

Macrobiotic

Mac`ro*bi*ot"ic (?), a. [Gr. macrobiotique.] Long-lived. Dunglison.

Macrobiotics

Mac`ro*bi*ot"ics (?), n. (Physiol.) The art of prolonging life.

Macrocephalous

Mac`ro*ceph"a*lous (?), a. [Macro + Gr. kefalh` the head.]

1. Having a large head.

2. (Bot.) Having the cotyledons of a dicotyledonous embryo confluent, and forming a large mass compared with the rest of the body. Henslow.

Macro-chemistry

Mac`ro-chem"is*try (?), n. [Macro- + chemistry.] (Chem.) The science which treats of the chemical properties, actions or relations of substances in quantity; -- distinguished from micro-chemistry.

Macrochires

Mac`ro*chi"res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of birds including the swifts and humming birds. So called from the length of the distal part of the wing.

Macrocosm

Mac"ro*cosm (?), n. [Macro- + Gr. macrocosme.] The great world; that part of the universe which is exterior to man; -- contrasted with microcosm, or man. See Microcosm.

Macrocosmic

Mac`ro*cos"mic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the macrocosm. Tylor.

Macrocystis

Mac`ro*cys"tis (?), n. [NL. See Macro-, and Cyst.] (Bot.) An immensely long blackish seaweed of the Pacific (Macrocystis pyrifera), having numerous almond-shaped air vessels.
Page 880

Macrodactyl

Mac`ro*dac"tyl (?), n. [Gr. macrodactyle.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a group of wading birds (Macrodactyli) having very long toes. [Written also macrodactyle.]

Macrodactylic, Macrodactylous

Mac`ro*dac*tyl"ic (?), Mac`ro*dac"tyl*ous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having long toes.

Macrodiagonal

Mac`ro*di*ag"o*nal (?), n. [Macro- + diagonal.] (Crystallog.) The longer of two diagonals, as of a rhombic prism. See Crystallization.

Macrodome

Mac"ro*dome (?), n. [Macro- + dome.] (Crystallog.) A dome parallel to the longer lateral axis of an orthorhombic crystal. See Dome, n., 4.

Macrodont

Mac"ro*dont, a. [Macro- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having large teeth. -- n. A macrodont animal.

Macrofarad

Mac"ro*far`ad (?), n. [Macro- + farad.] (Elec.) See Megafarad. [R.]

Macroglossia

Mac`ro*glos"si*a (?), n. [NL. See Macro-, and Glossa.] (Med.) Enlargement or hypertrophy of the tongue.

Macrognathic

Mac`rog*nath"ic (?), a. [Macro- + gnathic.] (Anthropol.) Long-jawed. Huxley.

Macrology

Ma*crol"o*gy (?), n. [L. macrologia, Gr. macrologie.] Long and tedious talk without much substance; superfluity of words.

Macrometer

Ma*crom"e*ter (?), n. [Macro- + -meter.] An instrument for determining the size or distance of inaccessible objects by means of two reflectors on a common sextant.

Macron

Ma"cron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Pron.) A short, straight, horizontal mark [-], placed over vowels to denote that they are to be pronounced with a long sound; as, \'be, in d\'beme; &emac;, in s&emac;am, etc.

Macropetalous

Mac`ro*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Macro- + petal.] (Bot.) Having long or large petals.

Macrophyllous

Ma*croph"yl*lous (?), a. [Macro- + Gr. (Bot.) Having long or large leaves.

Macropinacoid

Mac`ro*pin"a*coid (?), n. [Macro- + pinacoid.] (Crystallog.) One of the two planes of an orthorhombic crystal which are parallel to the vertical and longer lateral (macrodiagonal) axes.

Macropod

Mac"ro*pod (?), n. [Macro- + -pod.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of a group of maioid crabs remarkable for the length of their legs; -- called also spider crab.

Macropodal

Ma*crop"o*dal (?), a. Having long or large feet, or a long stem.

Macropodian

Mac`ro*po"di*an (?), n. A macropod.

Macropodous

Ma*crop"o*dous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having long legs or feet.

Macroprism

Mac"ro*prism (?), n. [Macro- + prism.] (Crystallog.) A prism of an orthorhombic crystal between the macropinacoid and the unit prism; the corresponding pyramids are called macropyramids.

Macropteres

Ma*crop"te*res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of birds; the Longipennes.

Macropterous

Ma*crop"ter*ous (?), a. [See Macropteres.] (Zo\'94l.) Having long wings.

Macropus

Mac"ro*pus (?), n. [NL. See Macropod.] (Zo\'94l.) genus of marsupials including the common kangaroo.

Macropyramid

Mac`ro*pyr"a*mid (?), n. [Macro- + pyramid.] (Crystallog.) See Macroprism.

Macroscopic, Macroscopical

Mac`ro*scop"ic (?), Mac`ro*scop"ic*al (?), a. [Macro- + Gr. Visible to the unassisted eye; -- as opposed to microscopic. -- Mac`ro*scop"ic*al*ly, adv.

Macrosporangium

Mac`ro*spo*ran"gi*um (?), n. [NL. See Macro-, and Sporangium.] (Bot.) A sporangium or conceptacle containing only large spores; -- opposed to microsporangium. Both are found in the genera Selaginella, Isoctes, and Marsilia, plants remotely allied to ferns.

Macrospore

Mac"ro*spore (?), n. [Macro- + spore.] (Bot.) One of the specially large spores of certain flowerless plants, as Selaginella, etc.

Macrosporic

Mac`ro*spor"ic (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to macrospores.

Macrotone

Mac"ro*tone (?), n. [Gr. Macro-, and Tone.] (Pron.) Same as Macron.

Macrotous

Ma*cro"tous (?), a. [Macro- + Gr. o"y^s, gen. 'wto`s, the ear.] (Zo\'94l.) Large-eared.

Macroura, n. pl., Macroural

Ma*crou"ra (?), n. pl., Ma*crou"ral (, a., etc.
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Macrura, Macrural, etc.

Macrozo\'94spore

Mac`ro*zo"\'94*spore (?), n. [Macro- + zo\'94spore.] (Bot.) A large motile spore having four vibratile cilia; -- found in certain green alg\'91.

Macrura

Ma*cru"ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A subdivision of decapod Crustacea, having the abdomen largely developed. It includes the lobster, prawn, shrimp, and many similar forms. Cf. Decapoda.

Macrural

Ma*cru"ral (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Macrurous.

Macruran

Ma*cru"ran (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Macrura.

Macruroid

Ma*cru"roid (?), a. [Macrura + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the Macrura.

Macrurous

Ma*cru"rous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Macrura; having a long tail.

Mactation

Mac*ta"tion (?), n. [L. mactatio, fr. macture to slay, sacrifice.] The act of killing a victim for sacrifice. [Obs.]

Mactra

Mac"tra (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine bivalve shell of the genus Mactra, and allied genera. Many species are known. Some of them are used as food, as Mactra stultorum, of Europe. See Surf clam, under Surf.

Macula

Mac"u*la (?), n.; pl. Macul\'91 (#). [L., spot, stain, blot. See Mail armor, and cf. Mackle, Macule.]

1. A spot, as on the skin, or on the surface of the sun or of some other luminous orb.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A rather large spot or blotch of color.

Maculate

Mac"u*late (?), v. t. [L. maculatus, p. p. of maculare to spot. See Macula, and cf. Macule, v.] To spot; to stain; to blur.
Maculate the honor of their people. Sir T. Elyot.

Maculate

Mac"u*late (?), a. [L. maculatus, p. p.] Marked with spots or macul\'91; blotched; hence, defiled; impure; as, most maculate thoughts. Shak.

Maculated

Mac"u*la`ted (?), a. Having spots or blotches; maculate.

Maculation

Mac"u*la"tion (?), n. [L. maculatio.] The act of spotting; a spot; a blemish. Shak.

Maculatory

Mac"u*la*to*ry (?), a. Causing a spot or stain. T. Adams.

Maculature

Mac"u*la*ture (?), n, Blotting paper. [Obs.]

Macule

Mac"ule (?), n. [F. macule. See Macula.]

1. A spot. [Obs.]

2. (Print.) A blur, or an appearance of a double impression, as when the paper slips a little; a mackle.

Macule

Mac"ule, v. t. [Cf. F. maculer. See Maculate,v.] To blur; especially (Print.), to blur or double an impression from type. See Mackle.

Maculose

Mac"u*lose` (?), a. [L. maculosus.] Of or pertaining to spots upon a surface; spotted; maculate.

Mad

Mad (?), obs. p. p. of Made. Chaucer.

Mad

Mad (?), a. [Compar. Madder (?); superl. Maddest (?).] [AS. gem, gem\'bed, mad; akin to OS. gem foolish, OHG. gameit, Icel. mei to hurt, Goth. gam\'a0ids weak, broken.

1. Disordered in intellect; crazy; insane.

I have heard my grandsire say full oft, Extremity of griefs would make men mad. Shak.

2. Excited beyond self-control or the restraint of reason; inflamed by violent or uncontrollable desire, passion, or appetite; as, to be mad with terror, lust, or hatred; mad against political reform.

It is the land of graven images, and they are mad upon their idols. Jer. 1. 88.
And being exceedingly mad against them, I persecuted them even unto strange cities. Acts xxvi. 11.

3. Proceeding from, or indicating, madness; expressing distraction; prompted by infatuation, fury, or extreme rashness. "Mad demeanor." Milton.

Mad wars destroy in one year the works of many years of peace. Franklin.
The mad promise of Cleon was fulfilled. Jowett (Thucyd.).

4. Extravagant; immoderate. "Be mad and merry." Shak. "Fetching mad bounds." Shak.

5. Furious with rage, terror, or disease; -- said of the lower animals; as, a mad bull; esp., having hydrophobia; rabid; as, a mad dog.

6. Angry; out of patience; vexed; as, to get mad at a person. [Colloq.]

7. Having impaired polarity; -- applied to a compass needle. [Colloq.] Like mad, like a mad person; in a furious manner; as, to run like mad. L'Estrange. -- To run mad. (a) To become wild with excitement. (b) To run wildly about under the influence of hydrophobia; to become affected with hydrophobia. -- To run mad after, to pursue under the influence of infatuation or immoderate desire. "The world is running mad after farce." Dryden.

Mad

Mad, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Madded; p. pr. & vb. n. Madding.] To make mad or furious; to madden.
Had I but seen thy picture in this plight, It would have madded me. Shak.

Mad

Mad, v. i. To be mad; to go mad; to rave. See Madding. [Archaic] Chaucer.
Festus said with great voice, Paul thou maddest. Wyclif (Acts).

Mad

Mad, n. [AS. ma; akin to D. & G. made, Goth. mapa, and prob. to E. moth.] (Zo\'94l.) An earthworm. [Written also made.]

Madam

Mad"am (?), n.; pl. Madams, or Mesdames (#). [See Madame.] A gentlewoman; -- an appellation or courteous form of address given to a lady, especially an elderly or a married lady; -- much used in the address, at the beginning of a letter, to a woman. The corresponding word in addressing a man is Sir.

Madame

Ma`dame" (?), n.; pl. Mesdames (#). [F., fr. ma my (L. mea) + dame dame. See Dame, and cf. Madonna.] My lady; -- a French title formerly given to ladies of quality; now, in France, given to all married women. Chaucer.

Mad-apple

Mad"-ap`ple (?), n. (Bot.) See Eggplant.

Madbrain

Mad"brain` (?), a. Hot-headed; rash. Shak. -- n. A rash or hot-headed person.

Madbrained

Mad"brained` (?), a. Disordered in mind; hot-headed. Shak.

Madcap

Mad"cap` (?), a.

1. Inclined to wild sports; delighting in rash, absurd, or dangerous amusements. "The merry madcap lord." Shak.

2. Wild; reckless. "Madcap follies" Beau. & Fl.

Madcap

Mad"cap`, n. A person of wild behavior; an excitable, rash, violent person. Shak.

Madden

Mad"den (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maddened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Maddening.] To make mad; to drive to madness; to craze; to excite violently with passion; to make very angry; to enrage.

Madden

Mad"den, v. i. To become mad; to act as if mad.
They rave, recite, and madden round the land. Pope.

Madder

Mad"der (?), n. [OE. mader, AS. m\'91dere; akin to Icel. ma.] (Bot.) A plant of the Rubia (R. tinctorum). The root is much used in dyeing red, and formerly was used in medicine. It is cultivated in France and Holland. See Rubiaceous. &hand; Madder is sometimes used in forming pigments, as lakes, etc., which receive their names from their colors; as. madder yellow. Field madder, an annual European weed (Sherardia arvensis) resembling madder. -- Indian madder , the East Indian Rubia cordifolia, used in the East for dyeing; -- called also munjeet. -- Wild madder, Rubia peregrina of Europe; also the Galium Mollugo, a kind of bedstraw.

Madderwort

Mad"der*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A name proposed for any plant of the same natural order (Rubiace\'91) as the madder.

Madding

Mad"ding (?), a. Affected with madness; raging; furious. -- Mad"ding*ly, adv. [Archaic]
Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife. Gray.
The madding wheels Of brazen chariots raged. Milton.

Maddish

Mad"dish (?), a. Somewhat mad. Beau. & Fl.

Made

Made (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Mad, n.

Made

Made (?), imp. & p. p. of Make.

Made

Made, a. Artificially produced; pieced together; formed by filling in; as, made ground; a made mast, in distinction from one consisting of a single spar. Made up. (a) Complete; perfect. "A made up villain." Shak. (b) Falsely devised; fabricated; as, a made up story. (c) Artificial; as, a made up figure or complexion.

Madecass, Madecassee

Mad"e*cass (?), Mad`e*cas"see (?), n. A native or inhabitant of Madagascar, or Madecassee; the language of the natives of Madagascar. See Malagasy.

Madecassee

Mad`e*cas"see, a. Of or pertaining to Madagascar or its inhabitants.

Madefaction, Madefication

Mad`e*fac"tion (?), Mad`e*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. madefacere to make wet; madere to be wet + facere to make: cf. F. mad\'82faction.] The act of madefying, or making wet; the state of that which is made wet. [R.] Bacon.

Madefy

Mad"e*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Madefied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Madefying (?).] [Cf. F. mad\'82fier, L. madefacere. See Madefaction.] To make wet or moist. [R.]

Madegassy

Mad`e*gas"sy (?), n. & a. See Madecassee.

Madeira

Ma*dei"ra (?), n. [Pg., the Island Madeira, properly, wood, fr. L. materia stuff, wood. The island was so called because well wooded. See Matter.] A rich wine made on the Island of Madeira.
A cup of Madeira, and a cold capon's leg. Shak.
Madeira nut (Bot.), the European walnut; the nut of the Juglans regia.

Mademoiselle

Ma`de*moi`selle" (?), n.; pl. Mesdemoiselles (#). [F., fr. ma my, f. of mon + demoiselle young lady. See Damsel.]

1. A French title of courtesy given to a girl or an unmarried lady, equivalent to the English Miss. Goldsmith.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A marine food fish (Sci\'91na chrysura), of the Southern United States; -- called also yellowtail, and silver perch.

Madge

Madge, n. [Cf. OF. & Prov. F. machette.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The barn owl. (b) The magpie.

Mad-headed

Mad"-head`ed (?), a. Wild; crack-brained.

Madhouse

Mad"house` (?), n. A house where insane persons are confined; an insane asylum; a bedlam.

Madia

Ma"di*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Sp. madi, fr. Chilian madi, the native name.] (Bot.) A genus of composite plants, of which one species (Madia sativa) is cultivated for the oil yielded from its seeds by pressure. This oil is sometimes used instead of olive oil for the table.

Madid

Mad"id (?), a. [L. madidus, fr. madere to be wet.] Wet; moist; as, a madid eye. [R.] Beaconsfield.

Madisterium

Mad`is*te"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Surg.) An instrument to extract hairs.

Madjoun

Mad"joun (?), n. [Hind., fr. Ar. ma'j.] An intoxicating confection from the hemp plant; -- used by the Turks and Hindoos. [Written also majoun.]

Madly

Mad"ly (?), adv. [From Mad, a.] In a mad manner; without reason or understanding; wildly. <-- intensely: "madly in love" -->

Madman

Mad"man (?), n.; pl. Madmen (. A man who is mad; lunatic; a crazy person.
When a man mistakes his thoughts for person and things, he is mad. A madman is properly so defined. Coleridge.

Madnep

Mad"nep (?), n. (Bot.) The masterwort (Peucedanum Ostruthium).

Madness

Mad"ness, n. [From Mad, a.]

1. The condition of being mad; insanity; lunacy.

2. Frenzy; ungovernable rage; extreme folly. Syn. -- Insanity; distraction; derangement; craziness; lunacy; mania; frenzy; franticness; rage; aberration; alienation; monomania. See Insanity.

Madonna

Ma*don"na (?), n. [It. madonna my lady. See Dame, Donna, and cf. Madame, Monkey.]

1. My lady; -- a term of address in Italian formerly used as the equivalent of Madame, but for which Signora is now substituted. Sometimes introduced into English. Shak.

2. [pl. Madonnas (n&adot;z).] A picture of the Virgin Mary (usually with the babe).

The Italian painters are noted for drawing the Madonnas by their own wives or mistresses. Rymer.

Madoqua

Ma"do*qua (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small Abyssinian antelope (Neotragus Saltiana), about the size of a hare.

Madrague

Ma`drague" (?), n. [R.] A large fish pound used for the capture of the tunny in the Mediterranean; also applied to the seines used for the same purpose.

Madreperl

Ma"dre*perl (?), n. [It. madreperla.] Mother-of-pearl.
Page 881

Madrepora

Mad`re*po"ra (?), n. [NL. See Madre.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of reef corals abundant in tropical seas. It includes than one hundred and fifty species, most of which are elegantly branched. -- Mad`re*po"ral (#), a.

Madreporaria

Mad`re*po*ra"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Madrepore.] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive division of Anthozoa, including most of the species that produce stony corals. See Illust. of Anthozoa. -- Mad`re*po*ra"ri*an (#), a. & n.

Madrepore

Mad"re*pore (?), n. [F. madrepore, perh. fr. madr\'82 spotted, fr. OF. madre, mazre, a kind of knotty wood with brown spots, fr. OHG. masar a knot, grain, or vein in wood, a speck, G. maser + pore (see Pore); or perh. F. madr\'82pore is rather from It. madrepora, and this perh. fr. It. madre mother (see Mother) + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any coral of the genus Madrepora; formerly, often applied to any stony coral.

Madreporian, Madreporic

Mad`re*po"ri*an (?), Mad`re*po"ric (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Resembling, or pertaining to, the genus Madrepora. Madreporic plate (Zo\'94l.), a perforated plate in echinoderms, through which water is admitted to the ambulacral tubes; -- called also madreporic tubercule.

Madreporiform

Mad`re*po"ri*form (?), a. [Madrepore + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling a madreporian coral in form or structure.

Madreporite

Mad"re*po*rite (?), n. [Cf. F. madr\'82porite]

1. (Paleon.) A fossil coral.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The madreporic plate of echinoderms.

Madrier

Ma*drier" (?), n. [F., from Sp. madero, or Pg. madeiro, fr. Sp. madera wood for building, timber, Pg. madeira, L. materia stuff, materials, lumber. See Matter.] A thick plank, used for several mechanical purposes; especially: (a) A plank to receive the mouth of a petard, with which it is applied to anything intended to be broken down. (b) A plank or beam used for supporting the earth in mines or fortifications.

Madrigal

Mad"ri*gal (?), n. [It. madrigale, OIt. madriale, mandriale (cf. LL. matriale); of uncertain origin, possibly fr. It mandra flock, L. mandra stall, herd of cattle, Gr. madrigal
, originally, a pastoral song.]

1. A little amorous poem, sometimes called a pastoral poem, containing some tender and delicate, though simple, thought.

Whose artful strains have oft delayed The huddling brook to hear his madrigal. Milton.

2. (Mus.) An unaccompanied polyphonic song, in four, five, or more parts, set to secular words, but full of counterpoint and imitation, and adhering to the old church modes. Unlike the freer glee, it is best sung with several voices on a part. See Glee.

Madrigaler

Mad"ri*gal*er (?), n. A madrigalist.

Madrigalist

Mad"ri*gal*ist, n. A composer of madrigals.

Madrilenian

Mad`ri*le"ni*an (?), a. [Sp. Madrileno.] Of or pertaining to Madrid in Spain, or to its inhabitants. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Madrid.

Madrina

Ma*dri"na (?), n. [Sp., prop., a godmother.] An animal (usually an old mare), wearing a bell and acting as the leader of a troop of pack mules. [S. America]

Madro\'a4a

Ma*dro"\'a4a (?), n. [Sp. madro\'a4o.] (Bot.) A small evergreen tree or shrub (Arbutus Menziesii), of California, having a smooth bark, thick shining leaves, and edible red berries, which are often called madro\'a4a apples. [Written also madro\'a4o.]

Madwort

Mad"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of cruciferous plants (Alyssum) with white or yellow flowers and rounded pods. A. maritimum is the commonly cultivated sweet alyssum, a fragrant white-flowered annual.

M\'91gbote, Magbote

M\'91g"bote`, Mag"bote` (?), n. [AS. m\'d6g kinsman + b\'d3t compensation.] (Anglo-Saxon Law) Compensation for the injury done by slaying a kinsman. Spelman.

Maelstrom

Mael"strom (?), n. [Norw., a whirlpool.]

1. A celebrated whirlpool on the coast of Norway.

2. Also Fig. ; as, a maelstrom of vice.

M\'91nad

M\'91"nad (?), n. [L. Maenas, -adis, Gr.

1. A Bacchante; a priestess or votary of Bacchus.

2. A frantic or frenzied woman.

Maestoso

Ma`es*to"so (?), a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Majestic or majestically; -- a direction to perform a passage or piece of music in a dignified manner.

Maestricht monitor

Maes"tricht mon"i*tor (?). [So called from Maestricht, a town in Holland.] (Paleon.) The Mosasaurus Hofmanni. See Mosasaurus.

Maestro

Ma*es"tro (?), n. [It., fr. L. magister. See Master.] A master in any art, especially in music; a composer.

Maffle

Maf"fle (?), v. i. [Akin to OD. maffelen to stammer. Cf. Muffle to mumble.] To stammer. [Obs.]

Maffler

Maf"fler (?), n. A stammerer. [Obs.]

Magazine

Mag`a*zine" (?), n. [F. magasin, It. magazzino, or Sp. magacen, almagacen; all fr. Ar. makhzan, almakhzan, a storehouse, granary, or cellar.]

1. A receptacle in which anything is stored, especially military stores, as ammunition, arms, provisions, etc. "Armories and magazines." Milton.

2. The building or room in which the supply of powder is kept in a fortification or a ship.

3. A chamber in a gun for holding a number of cartridges to be fed automatically to the piece.

4. A pamphlet published periodically containing miscellaneous papers or compositions. Magazine dress, clothing made chiefly of woolen, without anything metallic about it, to be worn in a powder magazine. -- Magazine gun, a portable firearm, as a rifle, with a chamber carrying cartridges which are brought automatically into position for firing. -- Magazine stove, a stove having a chamber for holding fuel which is supplied to the fire by some self-feeding process, as in the common base-burner.

Magazine

Mag`a*zine" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Magazined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Magazining.] To store in, or as in, a magazine; to store up for use.

Magaziner

Mag`a*zin"er (?), n. One who edits or writes for a magazine. [R.] Goldsmith.

Magazining

Mag`a*zin"ing, n. The act of editing, or writing for, a magazine. [Colloq.] Byron.

Magazinist

Mag`a*zin"ist, n. One who edits or writes for a magazine. [R.]

Magbote

Mag"bote` (?), n. See M\'91gbote.

Magdala

Mag"da*la (?), a. Designating an orange-red dyestuff obtained from naphthylamine, and called magdala red, naphthalene red, etc.

Magdalen

Mag"da*len (?), n. [From Mary Magdalene, traditionally reported to have been the repentant sinner forgiven by Christ. See Luke vii. 36.] A reformed prostitute.

Magdaleon

Mag*da"le*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A medicine in the form of a roll, a esp. a roll of plaster.

Magdeburg

Mag"de*burg (?), n. A city of Saxony. Magdeburg centuries, Magdeburg hemispheres. See under Century, and Hemisphere.

Mage

Mage (?), n. [F. mage. See Magi.] A magician. [Archaic] Spenser. Tennyson.

Magellanic

Mag`el*lan"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to, or named from, Magellan, the navigator. Magellenic clouds (Astron.), three conspicuous nebul\'91 near the south pole, resembling thin white clouds.<-- they are smaller than the Milky Way galaxy, but separate from it, and thus are considered the galactic formations nearest to our galaxy, but not part of it. -->

Magenta

Ma*gen"ta (?), n. (Chem.) An aniline dye obtained as an amorphous substance having a green bronze surface color, which dissolves to a shade of red; also, the color; -- so called from Magenta, in Italy, in allusion to the battle fought there about the time the dye was discovered. Called also fuchsine, rose\'8bne, etc.<-- now fuschin --> <-- 2. n. the purpish-red color of magenta -->

Magged

Magged (?), a. (Naut.) Worn; fretted; as, a magged brace. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Maggiore

Mag`gio"re (?), a. [It., from L. major, compar. of magnus great. See Major.] (Mus.) Greater, in respect to scales, intervals, etc., when used in opposition to minor; major. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

Maggot

Mag"got (?), n. [W. macai, pl. maceiod, magiod, a worn or grub; cf. magu to bread.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) The footless larva of any fly. See Larval.

2. A whim; an odd fancy. Hudibras. Tennyson.

Maggotiness

Mag"got*i*ness (?), n. State of being maggoty.

Maggotish

Mag"got*ish, a. Full of whims or fancies; maggoty.

Maggot-pie

Mag"got-pie` (?), n. A magpie. [Obs.] Shak.

Maggoty

Mag"got*y (?), a.

1. Infested with maggots.

2. Full of whims; capricious. Norris.

Maghet

Ma"ghet (?), n. [Cf. Fl. maghet maid.] (Bot.) A name for daisies and camomiles of several kinds.

Magi

Ma"gi (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of Magus, Gr. Mage, Magic.] A caste of priests, philosophers, and magicians, among the ancient Persians; hence, any holy men or sages of the East.
The inspired Magi from the Orient came. Sandys.

Magian

Ma"gi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Magi.

Magian

Ma"gi*an, n. One of the Magi, or priests of the Zoroastrian religion in Persia; an adherent of the Zoroastrian religion. -- Ma"gi*an*ism (#), n.

Magic

Mag"ic (?), n. [OE. magique, L. magice, Gr. Magic, a., and Magi.] A comprehensive name for all of the pretended arts which claim to produce effects by the assistance of supernatural beings, or departed spirits, or by a mastery of secret forces in nature attained by a study of occult science, including enchantment, conjuration, witchcraft, sorcery, necromancy, incantation, etc.
An appearance made by some magic. Chaucer.
Celestial magic, a supposed supernatural power which gave to spirits a kind of dominion over the planets, and to the planets an influence over men. -- Natural magic, the art of employing the powers of nature to produce effects apparently supernatural. -- Superstitious, ∨ Geotic, magic, the invocation of devils or demons, involving the supposition of some tacit or express agreement between them and human beings. Syn. -- Sorcery; witchcraft; necromancy; conjuration; enchantment.

Magic, Magical

Mag"ic (?), Mag"ic*al (?), a. [L. magicus, Gr. magique. See Magi.]

1. Pertaining to the hidden wisdom supposed to be possessed by the Magi; relating to the occult powers of nature, and the producing of effects by their agency.

2. Performed by, or proceeding from, occult and superhuman agencies; done by, or seemingly done by, enchantment or sorcery. Hence: Seemingly requiring more than human power; imposing or startling in performance; producing effects which seem supernatural or very extraordinary; having extraordinary properties; as, a magic lantern; a magic square or circle.

The painter's magic skill. Cowper.
&hand; Although with certain words magic is used more than magical, -- as, magic circle, magic square, magic wand, -- we may in general say magic or magical; as, a magic or magical effect; a magic or magical influence, etc. But when the adjective is predicative, magical, and not magic, is used; as, the effect was magical. Magic circle, a series of concentric circles containing the numbers 12 to 75 in eight radii, and having somewhat similar properties to the magic square. -- Magic humming bird (Zo\'94l.), a Mexican humming bird (Iache magica) , having white downy thing tufts. -- Magic lantern. See Lantern. -- Magic square, numbers so disposed in parallel and equal rows in the form of a square, that each row, taken vertically, horizontally, or diagonally, shall give the same sum, the same product, or an harmonical series, according as the numbers taken are in arithmetical, geometrical, or harmonical progression. -- Magic wand, a wand used by a magician in performing feats of magic.

Magically

Mag"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In a magical manner; by magic, or as if by magic.

Magician

Ma*gi"cian (?), n. [F. magicien. See Magic, n.] One skilled in magic; one who practices the black art; an enchanter; a necromancer; a sorcerer or sorceress; a conjurer.<-- these days, mostly an entertainer who produces seemingly magical effects by clever illusions; most magicians admit that the craft is mere illusion, rather than a true supernatural art. -->

Magilp, Magilph

Ma*gilp" (?), Ma*gilph" (?), n. (Paint.) See Megilp.

Magister

Ma*gis"ter (?), n. [L. See Master.] Master; sir; -- a title of the Middle Ages, given to a person in authority, or to one having a license from a university to teach philosophy and the liberal arts.

Magisterial

Mag`is*te"ri*al (?), a. [L. magisterius magisterial. See Master.]

1. Of or pertaining to a master or magistrate, or one in authority; having the manner of a magister; official; commanding; authoritative. Hence: Overbearing; dictatorial; dogmatic.

When magisterial duties from his home Her father called. Glover.
We are not magisterial in opinions, nor, dictator-like, obtrude our notions on any man. Sir T. Browne.
Pretenses go a great way with men that take fair words and magisterial looks for current payment. L'Estrange.

2. (Alchem. & Old Chem.) Pertaining to, produced by, or of the nature of, magistery. See Magistery, 2. Syn. -- Authoritative; stately; august; pompous; dignified; lofty; commanding; imperious; lordly; proud; haughty; domineering; despotic; dogmatical; arrogant. -- Magisterial, Dogmatical, Arrogant. One who is magisterial assumes the air of a master toward his pupils; one who is dogmatical lays down his positions in a tone of authority or dictation; one who is arrogant in sults others by an undue assumption of superiority. Those who have long been teachers sometimes acquire, unconsciously, a manner which borders too much on the magisterial, and may be unjustly construed as dogmatical, or even arrogant.

Magisteriality

Mag`is*te`ri*al"i*ty (?), n. Magisterialness; authoritativeness. [R.] Fuller.

Magisterially

Mag`is*te"ri*al*ly (?), adv. In a magisterial manner.

Magisterialness

Mag`is*te"ri*al*ness, n. The quality or state of being magisterial.

Magistery

Mag"is*ter*y (?), n. [L. magisterium the office of a chief, president, director, tutor. See Magistrate.]

1. Mastery; powerful medical influence; renowned efficacy; a sovereign remedy. [Obs.] Holland.

2. A magisterial injunction. [R.] Brougham.

3. (Chem.) A precipitate; a fine substance deposited by precipitation; -- applied in old chemistry to certain white precipitates from metallic solutions; as, magistery of bismuth. Ure.

Magistracy

Mag"is*tra*cy (?), n.; pl. Magistracies (#). [From Magistrate.]

1. The office or dignity of a magistrate. Blackstone.

2. The collective body of magistrates.

Magistral

Mag"is*tral (?), a. [L. magistralis: cf. F. magistral. See Magistrate.]

1. Pertaining to a master; magisterial; authoritative; dogmatic.

2. Commanded or prescribed by a magister, esp. by a doctor; hence, effectual; sovereign; as, a magistral sirup. "Some magistral opiate." Bacon.

3. (Pharmacy) Formulated extemporaneously, or for a special case; -- opposed to officinal, and said of prescriptions and medicines. Dunglison. Magistral line (Fort.), the guiding line, or outline, or outline, by which the form of the work is determined. It is usually the crest line of the parapet in fieldworks, or the top line of the escarp in permanent fortifications.

Magistral

Mag"is*tral, n.

1. (Med.) A sovereign medicine or remedy. [Obs.] Burton.

2. (Fort.) A magistral line.

3. (Metal.) Powdered copper pyrites used in the amalgamation of ores of silver, as at the Spanish mines of Mexico and South America.

Magistrality

Mag`is*tral"i*ty (?), n.; pl. -ties (. Magisterialness; arbitrary dogmatism. Bacon.

Magistrally

Mag"is*tral*ly (?), adv. In a magistral manner. Abp. Bramhall.

Magistrate

Mag"is*trate (?), n. [L. magistratus, fr. magister master: cf. F. magistrat. See Master.] A person clothed with power as a public civil officer; a public civil officer invested with the executive government, or some branch of it. "All Christian rulers and magistrates." Book of Com. Prayer.
Of magistrates some also are supreme, in whom the sovereign power of the state resides; others are subordinate. Blackstone.

Magistratic, Magistratical

Mag`is*trat"ic (?), Mag`is*trat"ic*al (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or proceeding from, a magistrate; having the authority of a magistrate. Jer. Taylor.

Magistrature

Mag"is*tra`ture (?), n. [Cf. F. magistrature.] Magistracy. [Obs.]

Magma

Mag"ma (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. Any crude mixture of mineral or organic matters in the state of a thin paste. Ure.

2. (Med.) (a) A thick residuum obtained from certain substances after the fluid parts are expressed from them; the grounds which remain after treating a substance with any menstruum, as water or alcohol. (b) A salve or confection of thick consistency. Dunglison.


Page 882

3. (Geol.) (a) The molten matter within the earth, the source of the material of lava flows, dikes of eruptive rocks, etc. (b) The glassy base of an eruptive rock.

4. (Chem.) The amorphous or homogenous matrix or ground mass, as distinguished from well-defined crystals; as, the magma of porphyry.

Magna Charta

Mag"na Char"ta (?). [L., great charter.]

1. The great Charter, so called, obtained by the English barons from King John, A. D. 1215. This name is also given to the charter granted to the people of England in the ninth year of Henry III., and confirmed by Edward I.

2. Hence, a fundamental constitution which guaranties rights and privileges.

Magnality

Mag*nal"i*ty (?), n. [L. magnalis mighty, fr. magnus great.] A great act or event; a great attainment. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Magnanimity

Mag`na*nim"i*ty (?), n. [F. magnanimit\'82, L. magnanimitas.] The quality of being magnanimous; greatness of mind; elevation or dignity of soul; that quality or combination of qualities, in character, which enables one to encounter danger and trouble with tranquility and firmness, to disdain injustice, meanness and revenge, and to act and sacrifice for noble objects.

Magnanimous

Mag*nan"i*mous (?), a.[L. magnanimus; magnus great + animus mind. See Magnate, and Animus.]

1. Great of mind; elevated in soul or in sentiment; raised above what is low, mean, or ungenerous; of lofty and courageous spirit; as, a magnanimous character; a magnanimous conqueror.

Be magnanimous in the enterprise. Shak.
To give a kingdom hath been thought Greater and nobler done, and to law down Far more magnanimousan to assume. Milton.

2. Dictated by or exhibiting nobleness of soul; honorable; noble; not selfish.

Both strived for death; magnanimous debate. Stirling.
There is an indissoluble union between a magnanimous policy and the solid rewards of public prosperity and felicity. Washington.

Magnanimously

Mag*nan"i*mous*ly, adv. In a magnanimous manner; with greatness of mind.

Magnase black

Mag"nase black` (?). (Paint.) A black pigment which dries rapidly when mixed with oil, and is of intense body. Fairholt.

Magnate

Mag"nate (?), [F. magnat, L. (pl.) magnates, magnati, fr. magnus great. See Master.]

1. A person of rank; a noble or grandee; a person of influence or distinction in any sphere. <-- used mostly of prominent business executives; an industrial magnate --> Macaulay.

2. One of the nobility, or certain high officers of state belonging to the noble estate in the national representation of Hungary, and formerly of Poland.

Magnes

Mag"nes (?), n. [L.] Magnet. [Obs.] Spenser.

Magnesia

Mag*ne"si*a (?; 277), n. [L. Magnesia, fem. of Magnesius of the country Magnesia, Gr. Magnet.] (Chem.) A light earthy white substance, consisting of magnesium oxide, and obtained by heating magnesium hydrate or carbonate, or by burning magnesium. It has a slightly alkaline reaction, and is used in medicine as a mild antacid laxative. See Magnesium. Magnesia alba [L.] (Med. Chem.), a bulky white amorphous substance, consisting of a hydrous basic carbonate of magnesium, and used as a mild cathartic.

Magnesian

Mag*ne"sian (?), a. Pertaining to, characterized by, or containing, magnesia or magnesium. Magnesian limestone. (Min.) See Dolomite.

Magnesic

Mag*ne"sic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, magnesium; as, magnesic oxide.

Magnesite

Mag"ne*site (?), n. [Cf. F. magn\'82site.] (Min.) Native magnesium carbonate occurring in white compact or granular masses, and also in rhombohedral crystals.

Magnesium

Mag*ne"si*um (?), n. [NL. & F. See Magnesia.] (Chem.) A light silver-white metallic element, malleable and ductile, quite permanent in dry air but tarnishing in moist air. It burns, forming (the oxide) magnesia, with the production of a blinding light (the so-called magnesium light) which is used in signaling, in pyrotechny, or in photography where a strong actinic illuminant is required. Its compounds occur abundantly, as in dolomite, talc, meerschaum, etc. Symbol Mg. Atomic weight, 24.4. Specific gravity, 1.75. Magnesium sulphate. (Chem.) Same as Epsom salts.

Magnet

Mag"net (?), n. [OE. magnete, OF. magnete, L. magnes, -etis, Gr. Magnesia, Manganese.]

1. The loadstone; a species of iron ore (the ferrosoferric or magnetic ore, Fe3O4) which has the property of attracting iron and some of its ores, and, when freely suspended, of pointing to the poles; -- called also natural magnet.

Dinocrates began to make the arched roof of the temple of Arsino\'89 all of magnet, or this loadstone. Holland.
Two magnets, heaven and earth, allure to bliss, The larger loadstone that, the nearer this. Dryden.

2. (Physics) A bar or mass of steel or iron to which the peculiar properties of the loadstone have been imparted; -- called, in distinction from the loadstone, an artificial magnet. &hand; An artificial magnet, produced by the action of a voltaic or electrical battery, is called an electro-magnet. Field magnet (Physics & Elec.), a magnet used for producing and maintaining a magnetic field; -- used especially of the stationary or exciting magnet of a dynamo or electromotor in distinction from that of the moving portion or armature.

Magnetic, Magnetical

Mag*net"ic (?), Mag*net"ic*al (?), a. [L. magneticus: cf. F. magn\'82tique.]

1. Pertaining to the magnet; possessing the properties of the magnet, or corresponding properties; as, a magnetic bar of iron; a magnetic needle.

2. Of or pertaining to, or characterized by,, the earth's magnetism; as, the magnetic north; the magnetic meridian.

3. Capable of becoming a magnet; susceptible to magnetism; as, the magnetic metals.

4. Endowed with extraordinary personal power to excite the feelings and to win the affections; attractive; inducing attachment.

She that had all magnetic force alone. Donne.

5. Having, susceptible to, or induced by, animal magnetism, so called; as, a magnetic sleep. See Magnetism. Magnetic amplitude, attraction, dip, induction, etc. See under Amplitude, Attraction, etc. -- Magnetic battery, a combination of bar or horseshoe magnets with the like poles adjacent, so as to act together with great power. -- Magnetic compensator, a contrivance connected with a ship's compass for compensating or neutralizing the effect of the iron of the ship upon the needle. -- Magnetic curves, curves indicating lines of magnetic force, as in the arrangement of iron filings between the poles of a powerful magnet. -- Magnetic elements. (a) (Chem. Physics) Those elements, as iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, etc., which are capable or becoming magnetic. (b) (Physics) In respect to terrestrial magnetism, the declination, inclination, and intensity. (c) See under Element. -- Magnetic equator, the line around the equatorial parts of the earth at which there is no dip, the dipping needle being horizontal. -- Magnetic field, ∨ Field of magnetic force, any space through which magnet exerts its influence. -- Magnetic fluid, the hypothetical fluid whose existence was formerly assumed in the explanations of the phenomena of magnetism. -- Magnetic iron, ∨ Magnetic iron ore. (Min.) Same as Magnetite. -- Magnetic needle, a slender bar of steel, magnetized and suspended at its center on a sharp-pointed pivot, or by a delicate fiber, so that it may take freely the direction of the magnetic meridian. It constitutes the essential part of a compass, such as the mariner's and the surveyor's. -- Magnetic poles, the two points in the opposite polar regions of the earth at which the direction of the dipping needle is vertical. -- Magnetic pyrites. See Pyrrhotite. -- Magnetic storm (Terrestrial Physics), a disturbance of the earth's magnetic force characterized by great and sudden changes. -- Magnetic telegraph, a telegraph acting by means of a magnet. See Telegraph.

Magnetic

Mag*net"ic (?), n.

1. A magnet. [Obs.]

As the magnetic hardest iron draws. Milton.

2. Any metal, as iron, nickel, cobalt, etc., which may receive, by any means, the properties of the loadstone, and which then, when suspended, fixes itself in the direction of a magnetic meridian.

Magnetically

Mag*net"ic*al*ly, adv. By or as by, magnetism.

Magneticalness

Mag*net"ic*al*ness, n.Quality of being magnetic.

Magnetician

Mag`ne*ti"cian (?), n. One versed in the science of magnetism; a magnetist.

Maneticness

Ma*net"ic*ness, n.Magneticalness. [Obs.]

Magnetics

Mag*net"ics (?), n.The science of magnetism.

Magnetiferous

Mag`net*if"er*ous (?), a. [L. magnes, -etis + -ferous.] Producing or conducting magnetism.

Magnetism

Mag"net*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. magn\'82tisme.] The property, quality, or state, of being magnetic; the manifestation of the force in nature which is seen in a magnet.

2. The science which treats of magnetic phenomena.

3. Power of attraction; power to excite the feelings and to gain the affections. "By the magnetism of interest our affections are irresistibly attracted." Glanvill. Animal magnetism, a force, more or less analogous to magnetism, which, it has been alleged, is produced in animal tissues, and passes from one body to another with or without actual contact. The existence of such a force, and its potentiality for the cure of disease, were asserted by Mesmer in 1775. His theories and methods were afterwards called mesmerism, a name which has been popularly applied to theories and claims not put forward by Mesmer himself. See Mesmerism, Biology, Od, Hypnotism. -- Terrestrial magnetism, the magnetic force exerted by the earth, and recognized by its effect upon magnetized needles and bars.

Magnetist

Mag"net*ist, n.One versed in magnetism.

Magnetite

Mag"net*ite (?), n. (Min.) An oxide of iron (Fe3O4) occurring in isometric crystals, also massive, of a black color and metallic luster. It is readily attracted by a magnet and sometimes possesses polarity, being then called loadstone. It is an important iron ore. Called also magnetic iron.

Magnetizable

Mag"net*i`za*ble (?), a. Capable of magnetized.

Magnetization

Mag`net*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of magnetizing, or the state of being magnetized.

Magnetize

Mag"net*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Magnetized (?); prep. & adv. Magnetizing (?).] [Cf. F. magn\'82tiser.]

1. To communicate magnetic properties to; as, to magnetize a needle.

2. To attract as a magnet attracts, or like a magnet; to move; to influence.

Fascinated, magnetized, as it were, by his character. Motley.

3. To bring under the influence of animal magnetism.

Magnetizee

Mag`net*i*zee" (?), n. A person subjected to the influence of animal magnetism. [R.]

Magnetizer

Mag"net*i`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, imparts magnetism.

Magneto-

Mag"net*o- (?). [See Magnet.] A prefix meaning pertaining to, produced by, or in some way connected with, magnetism.

Magneto-electric, Magneto-electrical

Mag`net*o-e*lec"tric (?), Mag`net*o-e*lec"tric*al (?), a. (Physics) Pertaining to, or characterized by, electricity by the action of magnets; as, magneto-electric induction. Magneto-electric machine, a form of dynamo-electric machine in which the field is maintained by permanent steel magnets instead of electro-magnets.

Magneto-electricity

Mag`net*o-e`lec*tric"i*ty (?), n.

1. Electricity evolved by the action of magnets.

2. (Physics) That branch of science which treats of the development of electricity by the action of magnets; -- the counterpart of electro-magnetism.

Magnetograph

Mag*net"o*graph (?), n. [Magneto- + -graph.] (Physics) An automatic instrument for registering, by photography or otherwise, the states and variations of any of the terrestrial magnetic elements.

Magnetometer

Mag`net*om"e*ter (?), n. [Magneto- + -meter: cf. F. magn\'82tom\'8atre.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the intensity of magnetic forces; also, less frequently, an instrument for determining any of the terrestrial magnetic elements, as the dip and declination.

Magnetometric

Mag`net*o*met"ric (?), a. Pertaining to, or employed in, the measurement of magnetic forces; obtained by means of a magnetometer; as, magnetometric instruments; magnetometric measurements.

Magnetomotor

Mag`net*o*mo"tor (?), n.A voltaic series of two or more large plates, producing a great quantity of electricity of low tension, and hence adapted to the exhibition of electro-magnetic phenomena. [R.]

Magnetotherapy

Mag`net*o*ther"a*py (?), n. (Med.) The treatment of disease by the application of magnets to the surface of the body.

Magnifiable

Mag"ni*fi`a*ble, a. [From Magnify.] Such as can be magnified, or extolled.

Magnific, Magnifical

Mag*nif"ic (?), Mag*nif"ic*al (?), a. [L. magnificus; magnus great + facere to make: cf. F. magnifique. See Magnitude, Fact. and cf. Magnificent.] Grand; splendid; illustrious; magnificent. [Obs.] 1 Chron. xxii. 5. "Thy magnific deeds." Milton. -- Mag*nif"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]

Magnificat

Mag*nif"i*cat (?), n. [L., it magnifies.] The song of the Virgin Mary, Luke i. 46; -- so called because it commences with this word in the Vulgate.

Magnificate

Mag*nif"i*cate (?), v. t. [L. magnificatus, p. p. of magnificare.] To magnify or extol. [Obs.] Marston.

Magnification

Mag`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. The act of magnifying; enlargement; exaggeration. [R.]

Magnificence

Mag*nif"i*cence (?), n. [F. magnificence, L. magnificentia. See Magnific.] The act of doing what magnificent; the state or quality of being magnificent. Acts xix. 27. "Then cometh magnificence." Chaucer.
And, for the heaven's wide circuit, let it speak The Maker's high magnificence, who built so spacious. Milton.
The noblest monuments of Roman magnificence. Eustace.

Magnificent

Mag*nif"i*cent (?), a. [See Magnificence.]

1. Doing grand things; admirable in action; displaying great power or opulence, especially in building, way of living, and munificence.

A prince is never so magnificent As when he's sparing to enrich a few With the injuries of many. Massinger.

2. Grand in appearance; exhibiting grandeur or splendor; splendid' pompous.

When Rome's exalted beauties I descry Magnificent in piles of ruin lie. Addison.
Syn. -- Glorious; majestic; sublime. See Grand.

Magnificently

Mag*nif"i*cent*ly, adv. In a Magnificent manner.

Magnifico

Mag*nif"i*co (?), n.; pl. Magnificoes (#). [It. See Magnific.]

1. A grandee or nobleman of Venice; -- so called in courtesy. Shak.

2. A rector of a German university.

Magnifier

Mag"ni*fi`er (?), n. One who, or that which, magnifies.

Magnify

Mag"ni*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Magnified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Magnifying (?).] [OE. magnifien, F. magnifier, L. magnificare. See Magnific.]

1. To make great, or greater; to increase the dimensions of; to amplify; to enlarge, either in fact or in appearance; as, the microscope magnifies the object by a thousand diameters.

The least error in a small quantity . . . will in a great one . . . be proportionately magnified. Grew.

2. To increase the importance of; to augment the esteem or respect in which one is held.

On that day the Lord magnified Joshua in the sight of all Israel. Joshua iv. 14.

3. To praise highly; to land; to extol. [Archaic]

O, magnify the Lord with me, and let us exalt his name together. Ps. xxxiv. 3.

4. To exaggerate; as, to magnify a loss or a difficulty. To magnify one's self (Script.), to exhibit pride and haughtiness; to boast. -- To magnify one's self against (Script.), to oppose with pride.

Magnify

Mag"ni*fy, v. i.

1. To have the power of causing objects to appear larger than they really are; to increase the apparent dimensions of objects; as, some lenses magnify but little.

2. To have effect; to be of importance or significance. [Cant & Obs.] Spectator. Magnifying glass, a lens which magnifies the apparent dimensions of objects seen through it.

Magniloquence

Mag*nil"o*quence (?), n. [L. magniloquentia.] The quality of being magniloquent; pompous discourse; grandiloquence.

Magniloquent

Mag*nil"o*quent (?), a. [L. magnus great + loquens, -entis, p. pr. of loqui to speak. See Magnitude, Loquacious.] Speaking pompously; using swelling discourse; bombastic; tumid in style; grandiloquent. -- Mag*nil"o*quent*ly, adv.

Magniloquous

Mag*nil"o*quous (?), a. [L. magniloquus.] Magniloquent. [Obs.]

Magnitude

Mag"ni*tude (?), n. [L. magnitudo, from magnus great. See Master, and cf. Maxim.]

1. Extent of dimensions; size; -- applied to things that have length, breath, and thickness.

Conceive those particles of bodies to be so disposed amongst themselves, that the intervals of empty spaces between them may be equal in magnitude to them all. Sir I. Newton.

2. (Geom.) That which has one or more of the three dimensions, length, breadth, and thickness.

3. Anything of which greater or less can be predicated, as time, weight, force, and the like.


Page 883

4. Greatness; grandeur. "With plain, heroic magnitude of mind." Milton.

5. Greatness, in reference to influence or effect; importance; as, an affair of magnitude.

The magnitude of his designs. Bp. Horsley.
Apparent magnitude (Opt.), the angular breadth of an object viewed as measured by the angle which it subtends at the eye of the observer; -- called also apparent diameter. -- Magnitude of a star (Astron.), the rank of a star with respect to brightness. About twenty very bright stars are said to be of first magnitude, the stars of the sixth magnitude being just visible to the naked eye. Telescopic stars are classified down to the twelfth magnitude or lower. The scale of the magnitudes is quite arbitrary, but by means of photometers, the classification has been made to tenths of a magnitude. <-- the difference in actual brightness between magnitudes is now specified as a factor of 2.512, i.e. the difference in brightness is 100 for stars differing by five magnitudes. -->

Magnolia

Mag*no"li*a (?), n. [NL. Named after Pierre Magnol, professor of botany at Montpellier, France, in the 17th century.] (Bot.) A genus of American and Asiatic trees, with aromatic bark and large sweet-scented whitish or reddish flowers. &hand; Magnolia grandiflora has coriaceous shining leaves and very fragrant blossoms. It is common from North Carolina to Florida and Texas, and is one of the most magnificent trees of the American forest. The sweet bay (M. glauca)is a small tree found sparingly as far north as Cape Ann. Other American species are M. Umbrella, M. macrophylla, M. Fraseri, M. acuminata, and M. cordata. M. conspicua and M. purpurea are cultivated shrubs or trees from Eastern Asia. M. Campbellii, of India, has rose-colored or crimson flowers. Magnolia warbler (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful North American wood warbler (Dendroica maculosa). The rump and under parts are bright yellow; the breast and belly are spotted with black; the under tail coverts are white; the crown is ash.

Magnoliaceous

Mag*no`li*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Pertaining to a natural order (Magnoliace\'91) of trees of which the magnolia, the tulip tree, and the star anise are examples.

Magnum

Mag"num (?), n. [Neut. sing. of L. magnus great.]

1. A large wine bottle.

They passed the magnum to one another freely. Sir W. Scott
.

2. (Anat.) A bone of the carpus at the base of the third metacarpal bone.

Magot

Mag"ot (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) The Barbary ape.

Magot-pie

Mag"ot-pie` (?), n. A magpie. [Obs.] Shak.

Magpie

Mag"pie (?), n. [OE. & Prov. E. magot pie, maggoty pie, fr. Mag, Maggot, equiv. to Margaret, and fr. F. Marquerite, and common name of the magpie. Marguerite is fr. L. margarita pearl, Gr. Pie magpie, and cf. the analogous names Tomtit, and Jackdaw.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of the genus Pica and related genera, allied to the jays, but having a long graduated tail. &hand; The common European magpie (Pica pica, or P. caudata) is a black and white noisy and mischievous bird. It can be taught to speak. The American magpie (P. Hudsonica) is very similar. The yellow-belled magpie (P. Nuttalli) inhabits California. The blue magpie (Cyanopolius Cooki) inhabits Spain. Other allied species are found in Asia. The Tasmanian and Australian magpies are crow shrikes, as the white magpie (Gymnorhina organicum), the black magpie (Strepera fuliginosa), and the Australian magpie (Cracticus picatus). Magpie lark (Zo\'94l.), a common Australian bird (Grallina picata), conspicuously marked with black and white; -- called also little magpie. -- Magpie moth (Zo\'94l.), a black and white European geometrid moth (Abraxas grossulariata); the harlequin moth. Its larva feeds on currant and gooseberry bushes.

Maguari

Ma`gua*ri" (?), n. [From native name: cf. Pg. magoari.] (Zo\'94l.) A South American stork (Euxenara maguari), having a forked tail.

Maguey

Mag"uey (?), n. [Sp. maguey, Mexican maguei and metl.] (Bot.) The century plant, a species of Agave (A. Americana). See Agave.

Magyar

Mag"yar (?), n. [Hung.]

1. (Ethnol.) One of the dominant people of Hungary, allied to the Finns; a Hungarian.

2. The language of the Magyars.

Maha

Ma"ha (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of baboon; the wanderoo.

Mahabarata, Mahabharatam

Ma*ha*ba"ra*ta (?), Ma*ha*bha"ra*tam (?), n. [Skr. mah\'bebh\'berata.] A celebrated epic poem of the Hindoos. It is of great length, and is chiefly devoted to the history of a civil war between two dynasties of ancient India.

Mahaled

Ma*ha"led (?), n.[Ar. mahled.] (Bot.) A cherry tree (Prunus Mahaleb) of Southern Europe. The wood is prized by cabinetmakers, the twigs are used for pipe stems, the flowers and leaves yield a perfume, and from the fruit a violet dye and a fermented liquor (like kirschwasser) are prepared.

Maharajah

Ma*ha*ra"jah (?), n. [Skr. mah\'ber\'beja; mahat great + r\'beja king.] A sovereign prince in India; -- a title given also to other persons of high rank.

Maharif

Ma`ha*rif" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An African antelope (Hippotragus Bakeri). Its face is striped with black and white.

Maharmah

Ma*har"mah (?), n. A muslin wrapper for the head and the lower part of the face, worn by Turkish and Armenian women when they go abroad.

Mahdi

Mah"di (?), n. [Ar., guide, leader.] Among Mohammedans, the last imam or leader of the faithful. The Sunni, the largest sect of the Mohammedans, believe that he is yet to appear. &hand; The title has been taken by several persons in countries where Mohammedanism prevails, -- notably by Mohammad Ahmed, who overran the Egyptian Sudan, and in 1885 captured Khartum, his soldiers killing General Gordon, an Englishman, who was then the Egyptian governor of the region.

Mahl-stick

Mahl"-stick` (?), n. See Maul-stick.

Mahoe

Ma"hoe (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to several malvaceous trees (species of Hibiscus, Ochroma, etc.), and to their strong fibrous inner bark, which is used for strings and cordage.

Mahogany

Ma*hog"a*ny (?), n. [From the South American name.]

1. (Bot.) A large tree of the genus Swietenia (S. Mahogoni), found in tropical America. &hand; Several other trees, with wood more or less like mahogany, are called by this name; as, African mahogany (Khaya Senegalensis), Australian mahogany (Eucalyptus marginatus), Bastard mahogany (Batonia apetala of the West Indies), Indian mahogany (Cedrela Toona of Bengal, and trees of the genera Soymida and Chukrassia), Madeira mahogany (Persea Indica), Mountain mahogany, the black or cherry birch (Betula lenta), also the several species of Cercocarpus of California and the Rocky Mountains.

2. The wood of the Swietenia Mahogoni. It is of a reddish brown color, beautifully veined, very hard, and susceptible of a fine polish. It is used in the manufacture of furniture.

3. A table made of mahogany wood. [Colloq.] To be under the mahogany, to be so drunk as to have fallen under the table. [Eng.] -- To put one's legs under some one's mahogany, to dine with him. [Slang]

Maholi

Ma*ho"li (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A South African lemur (Galago maholi), having very large ears. [Written also moholi.]

Mahomedan, Mahometan

Ma*hom"ed*an (?), Ma*hom"et*an (?), n. See Mohammedan.

Mahometanism

Ma*hom"et*an*ism (?), n. See Mohammedanism.

Mahometanize

Ma*hom"et*an*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mahometanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mahometanizing (?).] To convert to the religion of Mohammed; to Mohammedanize.

Mahometism

Ma*hom"et*ism (?), n. See Mohammedanism.

Mahometist

Ma*hom"et*ist, n. A Mohammedan. [R.]

Mahometry

Ma*hom"et*ry (?), n. Mohammedanism. [Obs.]

Mahone

Ma*hone" (?), n. A large Turkish ship. Crabb.

Mahonia

Ma*ho"ni*a (?), n. [Named after Bernard McMahon.] (Bot.) The Oregon grape, a species of barberry (Berberis Aquifolium), often cultivated for its hollylike foliage.

Mahon stock

Ma*hon" stock` (?). (Bot.) An annual cruciferous plant with reddish purple or white flowers (Malcolmia maritima). It is called in England Virginia stock, but the plant comes from the Mediterranean.

Mahoohoo

Ma*hoo"hoo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The African white two-horned rhinoceros (Atelodus simus).

Mahori

Ma"ho*ri (?), n. [Native name. Cf. Maori.] (Ethnol.) One of the dark race inhabiting principally the islands of Eastern Polynesia. Also used adjectively.

Mahound

Ma`hound (?), n. A contemptuous name for Mohammed; hence, an evil spirit; a devil. [Obs.]
Who's this, my mahound cousin ? Beau. & Fl.

Mahout

Ma*hout" (?), n. [Hind. mah\'bewat, Skr. mah\'bem\'betra; mahat great + m\'betr\'be measure.] The keeper and driver of an elephant. [East Indies]

Mahovo

Ma*ho"vo (?), n. (Mach.) A device for saving power in stopping and starting a railroad car, by means of a heavy fly wheel.

Mahrati

Mah*rat"i (?), n. The language of the Mahrattas; the language spoken in the Deccan and Concan. [Written also Marathi.]

Mahratta

Mah*rat"ta (?), n. [Hind. Marhat\'be, Marh\'bett\'be, the name of a famous Hindoo race, from the old Skr. name Mah\'be-r\'beshtra.] One of a numerous people inhabiting the southwestern part of India. Also, the language of the Mahrattas; Mahrati. It is closely allied to Sanskrit. -- a. Of or pertaining to the Mahrattas. [Written also Maratha.]

Mahumetan, Mahumetanism

Ma*hu"met*an (?), Ma*hu"met*an*ism (?), n.See Mohammedan, Mohammedanism.

Mahwa tree

Mah"wa tree` (?). (Bot.) An East Indian sapotaceous tree (Bassia latifolia, and also B. butyracea), whose timber is used for wagon wheels, and the flowers for food and in preparing an intoxicating drink. It is one of the butter trees. The oil, known as mahwa and yallah, is obtained from the kernels of the fruit.

Maia

Ma"i*a (?), n. [From L. Maia, a goddess.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A genus of spider crabs, including the common European species (Maia squinado). (b) A beautiful American bombycid moth (Eucronia maia).

Maian

Ma"ian (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any spider crab of the genus Maia, or family Maiad\'91.

Maid

Maid (?), n. [Shortened from maiden. . See Maiden.]

1. An unmarried woman; usually, a young unmarried woman; esp., a girl; a virgin; a maiden.

Would I had died a maid, And never seen thee, never borne thee son. Shak.
Can a maid forget her ornaments, or a bride her attire? Yet my people have forgotten me. Jer. ii. 32.

2. A man who has not had sexual intercourse. [Obs.]

Christ was a maid and shapen as a man. Chaucer.

3. A female servant.

Spinning amongst her maids. Shak.
&hand; Maid is used either adjectively or in composition, signifying female, as in maid child, maidservant.

4. (Zo\'94l.) The female of a ray or skate, esp. of the gray skate (Raia batis), and of the thornback (R. clavata). [Prov. Eng.] Fair maid. (Zo\'94l.) See under Fair, a. -- Maid of honor, a female attendant of a queen or royal princess; -- usually of noble family, and having to perform only nominal or honorary duties. -- Old maid. See under Old. <-- maid of honor. principal female attendant (if unmarried) of a bride at wedding. (If married, matron of honor.) -->

Maiden

Maid"en (?), n. [OE. maiden, meiden, AS. m\'91gden, dim. of AS. m\'91g, fr. mago son, servant; akin to G. magd, m\'84dchen, maid, OHG. magad, Icel. m\'94gr son, Goth. magus boy, child, magaps virgin, and perh. to Zend. magu youth. Cf. Maid a virgin.]

1. An unmarried woman; a girl or woman who has not experienced sexual intercourse; a virgin; a maid.

She employed the residue of her life to repairing of highways, building of bridges, and endowing of maidens. Carew.
A maiden of our century, yet most meek. Tennyson.

2. A female servant. [Obs.]

3. An instrument resembling the guillotine, formerly used in Scotland for beheading criminals. Wharton.

4. A machine for washing linen.

Maiden

Maid"en, a.

1. Of or pertaining to a maiden, or to maidens; suitable to, or characteristic of, a virgin; as, maiden innocence. "Amid the maiden throng." Addison.

Have you no modesty, no maiden shame ? Shak.

2. Never having been married; not having had sexual intercourse; virgin; -- said usually of the woman, but sometimes of the man; as, a maiden aunt. "A surprising old maiden lady." Thackeray.

3. Fresh; innocent; unpolluted; pure; hitherto unused. "Maiden flowers.' Shak.

Full bravely hast thou fleshed Thy maiden sword. Shak.

4. Used of a fortress, signifying that it has never been captured, or violated. T. Warton. Macaulay. Maiden assize (Eng. Law), an assize which there is no criminal prosecution; an assize which is unpolluted with blood. It was usual, at such an assize, for the sheriff to present the judge with a pair of white gloves. Smart. -- Maiden name, the surname of a woman before her marriage. -- Maiden pink. (Bot.) See under Pink. -- Maiden plum (Bot.), a West Indian tree (Comocladia integrifolia) with purplish drupes. The sap of the tree is glutinous, and gives a persistent black stain. -- Maiden speech, the first speech made by a person, esp. by a new member in a public body. -- Maiden tower, the tower most capable of resisting an enemy.<-- maiden voyage. first regular service voyage of a ship -->

Maiden

Maid"en, v. t. To act coyly like a maiden; -- with it as an indefinite object.
For had I maiden'd it, as many use. Loath for to grant, but loather to refuse. Bp. Hall.

Maidenhair

Maid"en*hair` (?), n. (Bot.) A fern of the genus Adiantum (A. pedatum), having very slender graceful stalks. It is common in the United States, and is sometimes used in medicine. The name is also applied to other species of the same genus, as to the Venus-hair. Maiden grass, the smaller quaking grass. -- Maiden tree. See Ginkgo.

Maidenhead

Maid"en*head (?), n. [See Maidenhood.]

1. The state of being a maiden; maidenhood; virginity. Shak.

2. The state of being unused or uncontaminated; freshness; purity. [Obs.]

The maidenhead of their credit. Sir H. Wotton.

3. The hymen, or virginal membrane.

Maidenhood

Maid"en*hood (?), n. [AS. m\'91gdenh\'bed. See Maid, and -hood.]

1. The state of being a maid or a virgin; virginity. Shak.

2. Newness; freshness; uncontaminated state.

The maidenhood Of thy fight. Shak.

Maidenlike

Maid"en*like` (?), a. Like a maiden; modest; coy.

Maidenliness

Maid"en*li*ness (?), n. The quality of being maidenly; the behavior that becomes a maid; modesty; gentleness.

Maidenly

Maid"en*ly, a. Like a maid; suiting a maid; maiden-like; gentle, modest, reserved.
Must you be blushing ? . . . What a maidenly man-at-arms are you become ! Shak.

Maidenly

Maid"en*ly, adv. In a maidenlike manner. "Maidenly demure." Skelton.

Maidenship

Maid"en*ship, n. Maidenhood. [Obs.] Fuller.

Maidhood

Maid"hood (?), n. [AS. m\'91g. See Maid, and -hood.] Maidenhood. Shak.

Maidmarian

Maid`ma"ri*an (?), n. [Maid + Marian, relating to Mary, or the Virgin Mary.]

1. The lady of the May games; one of the characters in a morris dance; a May queen. Afterward, a grotesque character personated in sports and buffoonery by a man in woman's clothes.

2. A kind of dance. Sir W. Temple.

Maidpale

Maid"pale` (?), a. Pale, like a sick girl. Shak.

Maidservant

Maid"serv`ant (?), n. A female servant.

Maid's hair

Maid's" hair` (?). (Bot.) The yellow bedstraw (Galium verum).

Maieutic, Maieutical

Ma*ieu"tic (?), Ma*ieu"tic*al (?), a. [Gr.

1. Serving to assist childbirth. Cudworth.

2. Fig. : Aiding, or tending to, the definition and interpretation of thoughts or language. Payne.

Maieutics

Ma*ieu"tics (?), n. The art of giving birth (i. e., clearness and conviction) to ideas, which are conceived as struggling for birth. Payne.

Maiger

Mai"ger (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The meagre.

Maigre

Mai"gre (?), a. [F. See Meager.] Belonging to a fast day or fast; as, a maigre day. Walpole. Maigre food (R. C. Ch.), food allowed to be eaten on fast days.
Page 884

Maihem

Mai"hem (?), n. See Maim, and Mayhem.

Maikel

Mai*kel" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A South American carnivore of the genus Conepatus, allied to the skunk, but larger, and having a longer snout. The tail is not bushy.

Maikong

Mai*kong" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A South American wild dog (Canis cancrivorus); the crab-eating dog.

Mail

Mail (?), n. A spot. [Obs.]

Mail

Mail, n. [F. maille, OF. also maaille, LL. medalia. See Medal.]

1. A small piece of money; especially, an English silver half-penny of the time of Henry V. [Obs.] [Written also maile, and maille.]

2. Rent; tribute. [Obs., except in certain compounds and phrases, as blackmail, mails and duties, etc.] Mail and duties (Scots Law), the rents of an estate, in whatever form paid.

Mail

Mail, n. [OE. maile, maille, F. maille a ring of mail, mesh, network, a coat of mail, fr. L. macula spot, a mesh of a net. Cf. Macle, Macula, Mascle.]

1. A flexible fabric made of metal rings interlinked. It was used especially for defensive armor. Chaucer. Chain mail, Coat of mail. See under Chain, and Coat.

2. Hence generally, armor, or any defensive covering.

3. (Naut.) A contrivance of interlinked rings, for rubbing off the loose hemp on lines and white cordage.

4. (Zo\'94l.) Any hard protective covering of an animal, as the scales and plates of reptiles, shell of a lobster, etc.

We . . . strip the lobster of his scarlet mail. Gay.

Mail

Mail, v. t.

1. To arm with mail.

2. To pinion. [Obs.]

Mail

Mail, n. [OE. male bag, OF. male, F. malle bag, trunk, mail, OHG. malaha, malha, wallet; akin to D. maal, male; cf. Gael. & Ir. mala, Gr.

1. A bag; a wallet. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. The bag or bags with the letters, papers, papers, or other matter contained therein, conveyed under public authority from one post office to another; the whole system of appliances used by government in the conveyance and delivery of mail matter.

There is a mail come in to-day, with letters dated Hague. Tatler.

3. That which comes in the mail; letters, etc., received through the post office.

4. A trunk, box, or bag, in which clothing, etc., may be carried. [Obs.] Sir W. Scott. Mail bag, a bag in which mailed matter is conveyed under public authority. -- Mail boat, a boat that carries the mail. -- Mail catcher, an iron rod, or other contrivance, attached to a railroad car for catching a mail bag while the train is in motion. -- Mail guard, an officer whose duty it is to guard the public mails. [Eng.] -- Mail train, a railroad train carrying the mail.

Mail

Mail, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mailing.] To deliver into the custody of the postoffice officials, or place in a government letter box, for transmission by mail; to post; as, to mail a letter. [U. S.] &hand; In the United States to mail and to post are both in common use; as, to mail or post a letter. In England post is the commoner usage.

Mailable

Mail"a*ble (?), a. Admissible lawfully into the mail. [U.S.]

Mailclad

Mail"clad` (?), a. Protected by a coat of mail; clad in armor. Sir W. Scott.

Mailed

Mailed (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Protected by an external coat, or covering, of scales or plates.

Mailed

Mailed, a. [See 1st Mail.] Spotted; speckled.

Mailing

Mail"ing (?), n. [Scot., fr. mail tribute, rent. See 2d Mail.] A farm. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Mail-shell

Mail"-shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A chiton.

Maim

Maim (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maimed (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Maiming.] [OE. maimen, OF. mahaignier, mehaignier, meshaignier, cf. It. magagnare, LL. mahemiare, mahennare; perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Armor. mac'ha to mutilate, m\'bec'ha to crowd, press; or cf. OHG. mang to lack, perh. akin to E. mangle to lacerate. Cf. Mayhem.]

1. To deprive of the use of a limb, so as to render a person on fighting less able either to defend himself or to annoy his adversary.

By the ancient law of England he that maimed any man whereby he lost any part of his body, was sentenced to lose the like part. Blackstone.

2. To mutilate; to cripple; to injure; to disable; to impair.

My late maimed limbs lack wonted might. Spenser.
You maimed the jurisdiction of all bishops. Shak.
Syn. -- To mutilate; mangle; cripple.

Maim

Maim, n. [Written in law language maihem, and mayhem.] [OF. mehaing. See Maim, v.]

1. The privation of the use of a limb or member of the body, by which one is rendered less able to defend himself or to annoy his adversary.

2. The privation of any necessary part; a crippling; mutilation; injury; deprivation of something essential. See Mayhem.

Surely there is more cause to fear lest the want there of be a maim than the use of it a blemish. Hooker.
A noble author esteems it to be a maim in history that the acts of Parliament should not be recited. Hayward.

Maimedly

Maim"ed*ly (?), adv. In a maimed manner.

Maimedness

Maim"ed*ness, n. State of being maimed. Bolton.

Main

Main (?), n. [F. main hand, L. manus. See Manual.]

1. A hand or match at dice. Prior. Thackeray.

2. A stake played for at dice. [Obs.] Shak.

3. The largest throw in a match at dice; a throw at dice within given limits, as in the game of hazard.

4. A match at cockfighting. "My lord would ride twenty miles . . . to see a main fought." Thackeray.

5. A main-hamper. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

Main

Main, n. [AS. m\'91gen strength, power, force; akin to OHG. magan, Icel. megin, and to E. may, v. May, v.]

1. Strength; force; might; violent effort. [Obs., except in certain phrases.]

There were in this battle of most might and main. R. of Gl.
He 'gan advance, With huge force, and with importable main. Spenser.

2. The chief or principal part; the main or most important thing. [Obs., except in special uses.]

Resolved to rest upon the title of Lancaster as the main, and to use the other two . . . but as supporters. Bacon.

3. Specifically: (a) The great sea, as distinguished from an arm, bay, etc. ; the high sea; the ocean. "Struggling in the main." Dryden. (b) The continent, as distinguished from an island; the mainland. "Invaded the main of Spain." Bacon. (c) principal duct or pipe, as distinguished from lesser ones; esp. (Engin.), a principal pipe leading to or from a reservoir; as, a fire main. Forcing main, the delivery pipe of a pump. -- For the main, ∨ In the main, for the most part; in the greatest part. -- With might and main, ∨ With all one's might and main, with all one's strength; with violent effort.

With might and main they chased the murderous fox. Dryden.

Main

Main (?), a. [From Main strength, possibly influenced by OF. maine, magne, great, L. magnus. Cf. Magnate.]

1. Very or extremely strong. [Obs.]

That current with main fury ran. Daniel.

2. Vast; huge. [Obs.] "The main abyss." Milton.

3. Unqualified; absolute; entire; sheer. [Obs.] "It's a man untruth." Sir W. Scott.

4. Principal; chief; first in size, rank, importance, etc.

Our main interest is to be happy as we can. Tillotson.

5. Important; necessary. [Obs.]

That which thou aright Believest so main to our success, I bring. Milton.
By main force, by mere force or sheer force; by violent effort; as, to subdue insurrection by main force.
That Maine which by main force Warwick did win. Shak.
-- By main strength, by sheer strength; as, to lift a heavy weight by main strength. -- Main beam (Steam Engine), working beam. -- Main boom (Naut.), the boom which extends the foot of the mainsail in a fore and aft vessel. -- Main brace. (a) (Mech.) The brace which resists the chief strain. Cf. Counter brace. (b) (Naut.) The brace attached to the main yard. -- Main center (Steam Engine), a shaft upon which a working beam or side lever swings. -- Main chance. See under Chance. -- Main couple (Arch.), the principal truss in a roof. -- Main deck (Naut.), the deck next below the spar deck; the principal deck. -- Main keel (Naut.), the principal or true keel of a vessel, as distinguished from the false keel. Syn. -- Principal; chief; leading; cardinal; capital.

Main

Main, adv. [See Main, a.] Very extremely; as, main heavy. "I'm main dry." Foote. [Obs. or Low]

Maine

Maine (?), n. One of the New England States. Maine law, any law prohibiting the manufacture and sale of intoxicating beverages, esp. one resembling that enacted in the State of Maine.

Main-gauche

Main`-gauche" (m&acr;N`g&omac;sh"), n. [F., the left hand.] (Ancient Armor) The dagger held in the left hand, while the rapier is held in the right; -- used to parry thrusts of the adversary's rapier.

Main-hamper

Main"-ham`per (?), n. [F. main hand (see Main a hand at dice) + E. hamper.] A hamper to be carried in the hand; a hand basket used in carrying grapes to the press.

Mainland

Main"land` (?), n. The continent; the principal land; -- opposed to island, or peninsula. Dryden.
After the two wayfarers had crossed from the peninsula to the mainland. Hawthorne.

Mainly

Main"ly (?), adv. [From main strong. See Main strength.] Very strongly; mightily; to a great degree. [Obs.] Bacon. Shak.

Mainly

Main"ly, adv. [From main principal, chief.] Principally; chiefly.

Mainmast

Main"mast` (?), n. (Naut.) The principal mast in a ship or other vessel.

Mainor

Main"or (?), n. [Anglo-Norm. meinoure, OF. manuevre. See Maneuver.] (O. Eng. Law) A thing stolen found on the person of the thief. &hand; A thief was said to be "taken with the mainor," when he was taken with the thing stolen upon him, that is, in his hands. Wharton. Bouvier.

Mainpernable

Main"per*na*ble (?), a. [OF. main hand + pernable, for prenable, that may be taken, pregnable. See Mainpernor.] (Law) Capable of being admitted to give surety by mainpernors; able to be mainprised.

Mainpernor

Main"per*nor (?), n. [OF. main hand + pernor, for preneor, a taker, F. preneur, fr. prendre to take.] (Law) A surety, under the old writ of mainprise, for a prisoner's appearance in court at a day. &hand; Mainpernors differ from bail in that a man's bail may imprison or surrender him before the stipulated day of appearance; mainpernors can do neither; they are bound to produce him to answer all charges whatsoever. Blackstone.

Mainpin

Main"pin (?), n. (Vehicles) A kingbolt.

Mainprise

Main"prise (?), n. [F. main hand + prise a taking, fr. prendre, p. p. pris to take, fr. L. prehendere, prehensum.] (Law) (a) A writ directed to the sheriff, commanding him to take sureties, called mainpernors, for the prisoner's appearance, and to let him go at large. This writ is now obsolete. Wharton. (b) Deliverance of a prisoner on security for his appearance at a day.

Mainprise

Main"prise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mainprised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mainprising.] (Law) To suffer to go at large, on his finding sureties, or mainpernors, for his appearance at a day; -- said of a prisoner.

Mains

Mains (?), n. [Scot. See Manse.] The farm attached to a mansion house. [Scot.]

Mainsail

Main"sail` (?), n. (Naut.) The principal sail in a ship or other vessel.
[They] hoised up the mainsail to the wind. Acts xxvii. 40.
&hand; The mainsail of a ship is extended upon a yard attached to the mainmast, and that of a sloop or schooner upon the boom.

Mainsheet

Main"sheet` (?), n. (Naut.) One of the ropes by which the mainsail is hauled aft and trimmed.

Mainspring

Main"spring` (?), n. The principal or most important spring in a piece of mechanism, especially the moving spring of a watch or clock or the spring in a gunlock which impels the hammer. Hence: The chief or most powerful motive; the efficient cause of action.

Mainstay

Main"stay` (?), n.

1. (Naut.) The stay extending from the foot of the foremast to the maintop.

2. Main support; principal dependence.

The great mainstay of the Church. Buckle.

Mainswear

Main"swear` (?), v. i. [AS. m\'benswerian to forswear; m\'ben sin, crime + swerian to swear.] To swear falsely. [Obs.] Blount.

Maintain

Main*tain (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maintained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Maintaining.] [OE. maintenen, F. maintenir, properly, to hold by the hand; main hand (L. manus) + F. tenir to hold (L.tenere). See Manual, and Tenable.]

1. To hold or keep in any particular state or condition; to support; to sustain; to uphold; to keep up; not to suffer to fail or decline; as, to maintain a certain degree of heat in a furnace; to maintain a fence or a railroad; to maintain the digestive process or powers of the stomach; to maintain the fertility of soil; to maintain present reputation.

2. To keep possession of; to hold and defend; not to surrender or relinquish.

God values . . . every one as he maintains his post. Grew.

3. To continue; not to suffer to cease or fail.

Maintain talk with the duke. Shak.

4. To bear the expense of; to support; to keep up; to supply with what is needed.

Glad, by his labor, to maintain his life. Stirling.
What maintains one vice would bring up two children. Franklin.

5. To affirm; to support or defend by argument.

It is hard to maintain the truth, but much harder to be maintained by it. South.
Syn. -- To assert; vindicate; allege. See Assert.

Maintainable

Main*tain"a*ble (?), a. That maybe maintained.

Maintainer

Main*tain"er (?), n. One who maintains.

Maintainor

Main*tain"or (?), n. [OF. mainteneor, F. mainteneur.] (Crim. Law) One who, not being interested, maintains a cause depending between others, by furnishing money, etc., to either party. Bouvier. Wharton.

Maintenance

Main"te*nance (?), n. [OF. maintenance. See Maintain.]

1. The act of maintaining; sustenance; support; defense; vindication.

Whatsoever is granted to the church for God's honor and the maintenance of his service, is granted to God. South.

2. That which maintains or supports; means of sustenance; supply of necessaries and conveniences.

Those of better fortune not making learning their maintenance. Swift.

3. (Crim. Law) An officious or unlawful intermeddling in a cause depending between others, by assisting either party with money or means to carry it on. See Champerty. Wharton. Cap of maintenance. See under Cap.

Maintop

Main"top` (?), n. (Naut.) The platform about the head of the mainmast in square-rigged vessels.

Main yard

Main" yard` (?). (Naut.) The yard on which the mainsail is extended, supported by the mainmast.

Maioid

Mai"oid (?), a. [Maia + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the genus Maia, or family Maiade\'91.

Maister

Mais"ter (?), n. Master. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

Maister

Mais"ter, a. Principal; chief. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Maistre, Maistrie, Maistry

Mais"tre (?), Mais"trie, Mais"try (?), n. Mastery; superiority; art. See Mastery. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Maistress

Mais"tress (?), n. Mistress. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Maithes

Mai"thes (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Maghet.

Maize

Maize (?), n. [Sp. maiz. fr. mahiz or mahis, i (Bot.) A large species of American grass of the genus Zea (Z. Mays), widely cultivated as a forage and food plant; Indian corn. Also, its seed, growing on cobs, and used as food for men animals. Maize eater (Zo\'94l.), a South American bird of the genus Pseudoleistes, allied to the troupials. -- Maize yellow, a delicate pale yellow.

Majestatic, Majestatal

Maj`es*tat"ic (?), Maj`es*tat"*al (?), a. Majestic. [Obs.] E. Pocock. Dr. J. Scott.

Majestic

Ma*jes"tic (?), a. [From Majesty.] Possessing or exhibiting majesty; of august dignity, stateliness, or imposing grandeur; lofty; noble; grand. "The majestic world." Shak. "Tethys'grave majestic pace." Milton.
The least portions must be of the epic kind; all must be grave, majestic, and sublime. Dryden
. Syn. -- August; splendid; grand; sublime; magnificent; imperial; regal; pompous; stately; lofty; dignified; elevated.
Page 885

Majestical

Ma*jes"tic*al (?), a. Majestic. Cowley.
An older architecture, greater, cunninger, more majestical. M. Arnold.
-- Ma*jes"tic*al*ly, adv. -- Ma*jes"tic*al*ness, n.

Majesticness

Ma*jes"tic*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being majestic. Oldenburg.

Majesty

Maj"es*ty (?), n.; pl. Majesties (#). [OE. magestee, F. majest\'82, L. majestas, fr. an old compar. of magnus great. See Major, Master.] The dignity and authority of sovereign power; quality or state which inspires awe or reverence; grandeur; exalted dignity, whether proceeding from rank, character, or bearing; imposing loftiness; stateliness; -- usually applied to the rank and dignity of sovereigns.
The Lord reigneth; he is clothed with majesty. Ps. xciii. 1.
No sovereign has ever represented the majesty of great state with more dignity and grace. Macaulay.

2. Hence, used with the possessive pronoun, the title of an emperor, king or queen; -- in this sense taking a plural; as, their majesties attended the concert.

In all the public writs which he [Emperor Charles V.] now issued as King of Spain, he assumed the title of Majesty, and required it from his subjects as a mark of respect. Before that time all the monarchs of Europe were satisfied with the appellation of Highness or Grace. Robertson.

3. Dignity; elevation of manner or style. Dryden.

Majolica

Ma*jol"i*ca (?), n. [It.] A kind of pottery, with opaque glazing and showy, which reached its greatest perfection in Italy in the 16th century. &hand; The term is said to be derived from Majorca, which was an early seat of this manufacture. Heyse.

Major

Ma"jor (?), [L. major, compar. of magnus great: cf. F. majeur. Cf. Master, Mayor, Magnitude, More, a.]

1. Greater in number, quantity, or extent; as, the major part of the assembly; the major part of the revenue; the major part of the territory.

2. Of greater dignity; more important. Shak.

3. Of full legal age. [Obs.]

4. (Mus.) Greater by a semitone, either in interval or in difference of pitch from another tone. Major axis (Geom.), the greater axis. See Focus, n., 2. -- Major key (Mus.), a key in which one and two, two and three, four and five, five and six and seven, make major seconds, and three and four, and seven and eight, make minor seconds. -- Major offense (Law), an offense of a greater degree which contains a lesser offense, as murder and robbery include assault. -- Major premise (Logic), that premise of a syllogism which contains the major term. -- Major scale (Mus.), the natural diatonic scale, which has semitones between the third and fourth, and seventh and fourth, and seventh and eighth degrees; the scale of the major mode, of which the third is major. See Scale, and Diatonic. -- Major second (Mus.), a second between whose tones is a difference in pitch of a step. -- Major sixth (Mus.), a sixth of four steps and a half step. In major keys the third and sixth from the key tone are major. Major keys and intervals, as distinguished from minors, are more cheerful. -- Major term (Logic), that term of a syllogism which forms the predicate of the conclusion. -- Major third (Mus.), a third of two steps.

Major

Ma"jor, n. [F. major. See Major, a.]

1. (Mil.) An officer next in rank above a captain and next below a lieutenant colonel; the lowest field officer.

2. (Law) A person of full age.

3. (Logic) That premise which contains the major term. It its the first proposition of a regular syllogism; as: No unholy person is qualified for happiness in heaven [the major]. Every man in his natural state is unholy [minor]. Therefore, no man in his natural state is qualified for happiness in heaven [conclusion or inference]. &hand; In hypothetical syllogisms, the hypothetical premise is called the major.

4. [LL. See Major.] A mayor. [Obs.] Bacon.

Majorat

Ma`jo`rat" (?), n. [F. majorat, LL. majoratus. See Major, a., and cf. Majorate.]

1. The right of succession to property according to age; -- so termed in some of the countries of continental Europe.

2. (French Law) Property, landed or funded, so attached to a title of honor as to descend with it.

Majorate

Ma"jor*ate (?), n. The office or rank of a major.

Majorate

Ma"jor*ate (?), v. t. [LL. majorare to augment. See Major, a.] To augment; to increase. [Obs.] Howell.

Majoration

Ma`jor*a"tion (?), n. Increase; enlargement. [Obs.] Bacon.

Majorcan

Ma*jor"can (?), a. Of or pertaining to Majorca. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Majorca.

Major-domo

Ma`jor-do"mo (?), n. [Sp. mayordomo, or It. maggiordomo; both fr. LL. majordomus; L. major greater + domus house.] A man who has authority to act, within certain limits, as master of the house; a steward; also, a chief minister or officer.

Major general

Ma"jor gen"er*al (?). An officer of the army holding a rank next above that of brigadier general and next below that of lieutenant general, and who usually commands a division or a corps.

Majority

Ma*jor"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Majorities (#). [F. majorit\'82. See Major.]

1. The quality or condition of being major or greater; superiority. Specifically: (a) The military rank of a major. (b) The condition of being of full age, or authorized by law to manage one's own affairs.

2. The greater number; more than half; as, a majority of mankind; a majority of the votes cast.

3. [Cf. L. majores.] Ancestors; ancestry. [Obs.]

4. The amount or number by which one aggregate exceeds all other aggregates with which it is contrasted; especially, the number by which the votes for a successful candidate exceed those for all other candidates; as, he is elected by a majority of five hundred votes. See Plurality. To go over to, ∨ To join, the majority, to die.

Majorship

Ma"jor*ship (?), n. The office of major.

Majoun

Maj"oun (?), n. See Madjoun.

Majuscul\'91

Ma*jus"cu*l\'91 (?), n. pl. [L., fem. pl. fr. majusculus somewhat greater or great, dim. of major, majus. See Major.] (Pal\'91ography) Capital letters, as found in manuscripts of the sixth century and earlier.

Majuscule

Ma*jus"cule (?), n. [Cf. F. majuscule. See Majuscul\'91.] A capital letter; especially, one used in ancient manuscripts. See Majuscul\'91. Majuscule writing, writing composed wholly of capital letters, especially the style which prevailed in Europe from the third to the sixth century.

Makable

Mak"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being made.

Makaron

Mak"a*ron (?), n. See Macaroon, 2. [Obs.]

Make

Make (?), n. [AS. maca, gemaca. See Match.] A companion; a mate; often, a husband or a wife. [Obs.]
For in this world no woman is Worthy to be my make. Chaucer.

Make

Make, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Made (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Making.] [OE. maken, makien, AS. macian; akin to OS. mak, OFries. makia, D. maken, G. machen, OHG. mahh to join, fit, prepare, make, Dan. mage. Cf. Match an equal.]

1. To cause to exist; to bring into being; to form; to produce; to frame; to fashion; to create. Hence, in various specific uses or applications: (a) To form of materials; to cause to exist in a certain form; to construct; to fabricate.

He . . . fashioned it with a graving tool, after he had made it a molten calf. Ex. xxxii. 4.
(b) To produce, as something artificial, unnatural, or false; -- often with up; as, to make up a story.
And Art, with her contending, doth aspire To excel the natural with made delights. Spenser.
(c) To bring about; to bring forward; to be the cause or agent of; to effect, do, perform, or execute; -- often used with a noun to form a phrase equivalent to the simple verb that corresponds to such noun; as, to make complaint, for to complain; to make record of, for to record; to make abode, for to abide, etc.
Call for Samson, that he may make us sport. Judg. xvi. 25.
Wealth maketh many friends. Prov. xix. 4.
I will neither plead my age nor sickness in excuse of the faults which I have made. Dryden.
(d) To execute with the requisite formalities; as, to make a bill, note, will, deed, etc. (e) To gain, as the result of one's efforts; to get, as profit; to make acquisition of; to have accrue or happen to one; as, to make a large profit; to make an error; to make a loss; to make money.
He accuseth Neptune unjustly who makes shipwreck a second time. Bacon.
(f) To find, as the result of calculation or computation; to ascertain by enumeration; to find the number or amount of, by reckoning, weighing, measurement, and the like; as, he made the distance of; to travel over; as, the ship makes ten knots an hour; he made the distance in one day. (h) To put a desired or desirable condition; to cause to thrive.
Who makes or ruins with a smile or frown. Dryden.

2. To cause to be or become; to put into a given state verb, or adjective; to constitute; as, to make known; to make public; to make fast.

Who made thee a prince and a judge over us? Ex. ii. 14.
See, I have made thee a god to Pharaoh. Ex. vii. 1.
&hand; When used reflexively with an adjective, the reflexive pronoun is often omitted; as, to make merry; to make bold; to make free, etc.

3. To cause to appear to be; to constitute subjectively; to esteem, suppose, or represent.

He is not that goose and ass that Valla would make him. Baker.

4. To require; to constrain; to compel; to force; to cause; to occasion; -- followed by a noun or pronoun and infinitive. &hand; In the active voice the to of the infinitive is usually omitted.

I will make them hear my words. Deut. iv. 10.
They should be made to rise at their early hour. Locke.

5. To become; to be, or to be capable of being, changed or fashioned into; to do the part or office of; to furnish the material for; as, he will make a good musician; sweet cider makes sour vinegar; wool makes warm clothing.

And old cloak makes a new jerkin. Shak.

6. To compose, as parts, ingredients, or materials; to constitute; to form; to amount to.

The heaven, the air, the earth, and boundless sea, Make but one temple for the Deity. Waller.

7. To be engaged or concerned in. [Obs.]

Gomez, what makest thou here, with a whole brotherhood of city bailiffs? Dryden.

8. To reach; to attain; to arrive at or in sight of. "And make the Libyan shores." Dryden.

They that sail in the middle can make no land of either side. Sir T. Browne.
To make a bed, to prepare a bed for being slept on, or to put it in order. -- To make a card (Card Playing), to take a trick with it. -- To make account. See under Account, n. -- To make account of, to esteem; to regard. -- To make away. (a) To put out of the way; to kill; to destroy. [Obs.]
If a child were crooked or deformed in body or mind, they made him away. Burton.
(b) To alienate; to transfer; to make over. [Obs.] Waller. -- To make believe, to pretend; to feign; to simulate. -- To make bold, to take the liberty; to venture. -- To make the cards (Card Playing), to shuffle the pack. -- To make choice of, to take by way of preference; to choose. -- To make danger, to make experiment. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. -- To make default (Law), to fail to appear or answer. -- To make the doors, to shut the door. [Obs.]
Make the doors upon a woman's wit, and it will out at the casement. Shak.
- To make free with. See under Free, a. -- To make good. See under Good. -- To make head, to make headway. -- To make light of. See under Light, a. -- To make little of. (a) To belittle. (b) To accomplish easily. -- To make love to. See under Love, n. -- To make meat, to cure meat in the open air. [Colloq. Western U. S.] -- To make merry, to feast; to be joyful or jovial. -- To make much of, to treat with much consideration,, attention, or fondness; to value highly. -- To make no bones. See under Bone, n. -- To make no difference, to have no weight or influence; to be a matter of indifference. -- To make no doubt, to have no doubt. -- To make no matter, to have no weight or importance; to make no difference. -- To make oath (Law), to swear, as to the truth of something, in a prescribed form of law. -- To make of. (a) To understand or think concerning; as, not to know what to make of the news. (b) To pay attention to; to cherish; to esteem; to account. "Makes she no more of me than of a slave." Dryden. -- To make one's law (Old Law), to adduce proof to clear one's self of a charge. -- To make out. (a) To find out; to discover; to decipher; as, to make out the meaning of a letter. (b) To prove; to establish; as, the plaintiff was unable to make out his case. (c) To make complete or exact; as, he was not able to make out the money. -- To make over, to transfer the title of; to convey; to alienate; as, he made over his estate in trust or in fee. -- To make sail. (Naut.) (a) To increase the quantity of sail already extended. (b) To set sail. -- To make shift, to manage by expedients; as, they made shift to do without it. [Colloq.]. -- To make sternway, to move with the stern foremost; to go or drift backward. -- To make strange, to act in an unfriendly manner or as if surprised; to treat as strange; as, to make strange of a request or suggestion. -- To make suit to, to endeavor to gain the favor of; to court. -- To make sure. See under Sure. -- To make up. (a) To collect into a sum or mass; as, to make up the amount of rent; to make up a bundle or package. (b) To reconcile; to compose; as, to make up a difference or quarrel. (c) To supply what is wanting in; to complete; as, a dollar is wanted to make up the stipulated sum. (d) To compose, as from ingredients or parts; to shape, prepare, or fabricate; as, to make up a mass into pills; to make up a story.
He was all made up of love and charms! Addison.
(e) To compensate; to make good; as, to make up a loss. (f) To adjust, or to arrange for settlement; as, to make up accounts. (g) To dress and paint for a part, as an actor; as, he was well made up. -- To make up a face, to distort the face as an expression of pain or derision. -- To make up one's mind, to reach a mental determination; to resolve. -- To make water. (a) (Naut.) To leak. (b) To urinate. -- To make way, ∨ To make one's way. (a) To make progress; to advance. (b) To open a passage; to clear the way. -- To make words, to multiply words.

Make

Make (?), v. i.

1. To act in a certain manner; to have to do; to manage; to interfere; to be active; -- often in the phrase to meddle or make. [Obs.]

A scurvy, jack-a-nape priest to meddle or make. Shak.

2. To proceed; to tend; to move; to go; as, he made toward home; the tiger made at the sportsmen. &hand; Formerly, authors used to make on, to make forth, to make about; but these phrases are obsolete. We now say, to make at, to make away, to make for, to make off, to make toward, etc.

3. To tend; to contribute; to have effect; -- with for or against; as, it makes for his advantage. M. Arnold.

Follow after the things which make for peace. Rom. xiv. 19.
Considerations infinite Do make against it. Shak.

4. To increase; to augment; to accrue.

5. To compose verses; to write poetry; to versify. [Archaic] Chaucer. Tennyson.

To solace him some time, as I do when I make. P. Plowman.
To make as if, ∨ To make as though, to pretend that; to make show that; to make believe (see under Make, v. t.).
Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled. Josh. viii. 15.
My lord of London maketh as though he were greatly displeased with me. Latimer.
-- To make at, to go toward hastily, or in a hostile manner; to attack. -- To make away with. (a) To carry off. (b) To transfer or alienate; hence, to spend; to dissipate. (c) To kill; to destroy. -- To make off, to go away suddenly. -- To make out, to succeed; to be able at last; to make shift; as, he made out to reconcile the contending parties. -- To make up, to become reconciled or friendly. -- To make up for, to compensate for; to supply an equivalent for. -- To make up to. (a) To approach; as, a suspicious boat made up to us. (b) To pay addresses to; to make love to. -- To make up with, to become reconciled to. [Colloq.] -- To make with, to concur or agree with. Hooker.

Make

Make, n. Structure, texture, constitution of parts; construction; shape; form.
It our perfection of so frail a make As every plot can undermine and shake? Dryden.
On the make,bent upon making great profits; greedy of gain. [Low, U. S.]

Makebate

Make"bate` (?), n. [Make, v. + bate a quarrel.] One who excites contentions and quarrels. [Obs.]

Make-belief

Make"-be*lief` (?), n. A feigning to believe; make believe. J. H. Newman.

Make-believe

Make"-be*lieve` (?), n. A feigning to believe, as in the play of children; a mere pretense; a fiction; an invention. "Childlike make-believe." Tylor.
To forswear self-delusion and make-believe. M. Arnold.

Make-believe

Make"-be*lieve`, a.Feigned; insincere. "Make-believe reverence."<-- imaginary --> G. Eliot.

Maked

Mak"ed (?), obs. p. p. of Make. Made. Chaucer.

Make-game

Make"-game` (?), n. An object of ridicule; a butt. Godwin.

Makeless

Make"less, a. [See 1st Make, and cf. Matchless, Mateless.]

1. Matchless. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Without a mate. Shak.

Make-peace

Make"-peace` (-p&emac;s`) n. A peacemaker. [R.] Shak.

Maker

Mak"er (m&amac;k"&etil;r) n.,

1. One who makes, forms, or molds; a manufacturer; specifically, the Creator.

The universal Maker we may praise. Milton.

2. (Law) The person who makes a promissory note.

3. One who writes verses; a poet. [Obs.] &hand; "The Greeks named the poet poihth`s, which name, as the most excellent, hath gone through other languages. It cometh of this word poiei^n, make; wherein, I know not whether by luck or wisdom, we Englishmen have met well the Greeks in calling him a maker." Sir P. Sidney.


Page 886

Makeshift

Make"shift` (?), n. That with which one makes shift; a temporary expedient. James Mill.
I am not a model clergyman, only a decent makeshift. G. Eliot.

Make-up

Make"-up` (?), n. The way in which the parts of anything are put together; often, the way in which an actor is dressed, painted, etc., in personating a character.
The unthinking masses are necessarily teleological in their mental make-up. L. F. Ward.

Makeweight

Make"weight` (, n. That which is thrown into a scale to make weight; something of little account added to supply a deficiency or fill a gap.

Maki

Ma"ki (?), n. [F., from native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A lemur. See Lemur.

Making

Mak"ing (?), n.

1. The act of one who makes; workmanship; fabrication; construction; as, this is cloth of your own making; the making of peace or war was in his power.

2. Composition, or structure.

3. a poem.[Obs.] Sir J. Davies.

4. That which establishes or places in a desirable state or condition; the material of which something may be made; as, early misfortune was the making of him.

5. External appearance; from. [Obs.] Shak.

Making-iron

Mak"ing-i`ron (?), n. A tool somewhat like a chisel with a groove in it, used by calkers of ships to finish the seams after the oakum has been driven in.

Making-up

Mak"ing-up` (?), n.

1. The act of bringing spirits to a certain degree of strength, called proof.

2. The act of becoming reconciled or friendly.

Mal-

Mal- (?). A prefix in composition denoting ill,or evil, F. male, adv., fr. malus, bad, ill. In some words it has the form male-, as in malediction, malevolent. See Malice. &hand; The formmale- is chiefly used in cases where the c, either alone or with other letters, is pronounced as a separate syllable, as in malediction, malefactor, maleficent, etc. Where this is not the case, as in malfeasance or male-feasance, malformation or male-formation, etc., as also where the word to which it is prefixed commences with a vowel, as in maladministration, etc., the form malis to be preferred, and is the one commonly employed.

Mala

Ma"la (?), n.; pl. of Malum. [L.] Evils; wrongs; offenses against right and law. Mala in se [L.] (Law), offenses which are such from their own nature, at common law, irrespective of statute. -- Mala prohibita [L.] (Law), offenses prohibited by statute, as distinguished from mala in se, which are offenses at common law.

Malabar

Mal"a*bar` (?), n. A region in the western part of the Peninsula of India, between the mountains and the sea. Malabar nut (Bot.), the seed of an East Indian acanthaceous shrub, the Adhatoda Vasica, sometimes used medicinally.

Malacatune

Mal`a*ca*tune" (?), n. See Melocoton.

Malacca

Ma*lac"ca (?), n. A town and district upon the seacoast of the Malay Peninsula. Malacca cane (Bot.), a cane obtained from a species of palm of the genus Calamus (C. Scipionum), and of a brown color, often mottled. The plant is a native of Cochin China, Sumatra, and Malays.

Malachite

Mal"a*chite (?), n. [Fr. Gr. malachite. Cf. Mallow.] (Min.) Native hydrous carbonate of copper, usually occurring in green mammillary masses with concentric fibrous structure. &hand; Green malachite, or malachite proper, admits of a high polish, and is sometimes used for ornamental work. Blue malachite, or azurite, is a related species of a deep blue color. Malachite green. See Emerald green, under Green, n.

Malacissant

Mal`a*cis"sant (?), a. [See Malacissation.] Softening; relaxing. [Obs.]

Malacissation

Mal`a*cis*sa"tion (?), n. [L. malacissare to make soft, Gr. The act of making soft or supple. [Obs.] Bacon.

Malacobdella

Mal`a*cob*del"la (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of nemertean worms, parasitic in the gill cavity of clams and other bivalves. They have a large posterior sucker, like that of a leech. See Illust. of Bdellomorpha.

Malacoderm

Mal"a*co*derm (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of a tribe of beetles (Malacodermata), with a soft and flexible body, as the fireflies.

Malacolite

Mal"a*co*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A variety of pyroxene.

Malacologist

Mal`a*col"o*gist (?), n. One versed in the science of malacology.

Malacology

Mal`a*col"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. malacologie.] The science which relates to the structure and habits of mollusks.

Malacopoda

Mal`a*cop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) A class of air-breathing Arthropoda; -- called also Protracheata, and Onychophora. &hand; They somewhat resemble myriapods, and have from seventeen to thirty-three pairs of short, imperfectly jointed legs, two pairs of simple jaws, and a pair of antenn\'91. The tranche\'91 are connected with numerous spiracles scattered over the surface of the body. Peripatus is the only known genus. See Peripatus.

Malacopterygian

Mal`a*cop`ter*yg"i*an (?), n. [Cf. F. malacopt\'82rygien.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Malacopterygii.

Malacopterygii

Mal`a*cop`te*ryg"i*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of fishes in which the fin rays, except the anterior ray of the pectoral and dorsal fins, are closely jointed, and not spiny. It includes the carp, pike, salmon, shad, etc. Called also Malacopteri.

Malacopterygious

Mal`a*cop`ter*yg"i*ous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Malacopterygii.

Malacosteon

Mal`a*cos"te*on (?), n. [NL., Gr. fr. (Med.) A peculiar disease of the bones, in consequence of which they become softened and capable of being bent without breaking.

Malacostomous

Mal`a*cos"to*mous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having soft jaws without teeth, as certain fishes.

Malacostraca

Mal`a*cos"tra*ca (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A subclass of Crustacea, including Arthrostraca and Thoracostraca, or all those higher than the Entomostraca.

Malacostracan

Mal`a*cos"tra*can (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Malacostraca.

Malacostracology

Mal`a*cos`tra*col"o*gy (?), n. [Malacostracan + -logy.] That branch of zo\'94logical science which relates to the crustaceans; -- called also carcinology.

Malacostracous

Mal`a*cos"tra*cous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Malacostraca.

Malacotoon

Mal`a*co*toon" (?), n. (Bot.) See Melocoton.

Malacozoa

Mal`a*co*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An extensive group of Invertebrata, including the Mollusca, Brachiopoda, and Bryozoa. Called also Malacozoaria.

Malacozoic

Mal`a*co*zo"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Malacozoa.

Maladdress

Mal`ad*dress" (?), n. [Mal- + address.] Bad address; an awkward, tactless, or offensive way of accosting one or talking with one. W. D. Howells.

Maladjustment

Mal`ad*just"ment (?), n. [Mal- + adjustment.] A bad adjustment.

Maladministration

Mal`ad*min`is*tra"tion (?), n. [Mal- + administration.] Bad administration; bad management of any business, especially of public affairs. [Written also maleadministration.]

Maladroit

Mal`a*droit" (?), a. [F. See Malice, and Adroit.] Of a quality opposed to adroitness; clumsy; awkward; unskillful. -- Mal"a*droit`ly, adv. -- Mal`a*droit"ness, n.

Malady

Mal"a*dy (?), n.; pl. Maladies (#). [F. maladie, fr. malade ill, sick, OF. also, malabde, fr. L. male habitus, i. e., ill-kept, not in good condition. See Malice, and Habit.]

1. Any disease of the human body; a distemper, disorder, or indisposition, proceeding from impaired, defective, or morbid organic functions; especially, a lingering or deep-seated disorder.

The maladies of the body may prove medicines to the mind. Buckminster.

2. A moral or mental defect or disorder.

Love's a malady without a cure. Dryden.
Syn. -- Disorder; distemper; sickness; ailment; disease; illness. See Disease.

Malaga

Mal"a*ga (?), n. A city and a province of Spain, on the Mediterranean. Hence, Malaga grapes, Malaga raisins, Malaga wines.

Malagash

Mal`a*gash" (?), n. Same as Malagasy.

Malagasy

Mal`a*gas"y (?), n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of Madagascar; also (sing.), the language.

Malaise

Ma`laise" (?), n. [F., fr. mal ill + aise ease.] (Med.) An indefinite feeling of uneasiness, or of being sick or ill at ease.

Malamate

Ma*lam"ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of malamic acid.

Malambo

Ma*lam"bo (?), n. [Pg.] A yellowish aromatic bark, used in medicine and perfumery, said to be from the South American shrub Croton Malambo.

Malamethane

Mal`am*eth"ane (?), n. [Malamic + ethane.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance forming the ethyl salt of malamic acid.

Malamic

Ma*lam"ic (?), a. [Malic + amic.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining an acid intermediate between malic acid and malamide, and known only by its salts.

Malamide

Ma*lam"ide (?), n. [Malic + amide.] (Chem.) The acid amide derived from malic acid, as a white crystalline substance metameric with asparagine.

Malanders

Mal"an*ders (?), n. pl. [F. malandres, fr. L. malandria blisters or pustules on the neck, especially in horses.] (Far.) A scurfy eruption in the bend of the knee of the fore leg of a horse. See Sallenders. [Written also mallenders.]

Malapert

Mal"a*pert (?), a. [OF. malapert unskillful, ill-taught, ill-bred; mal ill + apert open, adroit, intelligent, L. apertus, p. p. of aperire to open. See Malice, and Aperient.] Bold; forward; impudent; saucy; pert. Shak. -- n. A malapert person.
Are you growing malapert! Will you force me to make use of my authority ? Dryden.
-- Mal"a*pert`ly, adv. -- Mal"a*pert`ness, n.

Malapropism

Mal"a*prop*ism (?), n. [From Mrs. Malaprop, a character in Sheridan's drama, " The Rivals," who makes amusing blunders in her use of words. See Malapropos.] A grotesque misuse of a word; a word so used.

Malapropos

Mal*ap"ro*pos` (?), a. & adv. [F. mal \'85 propos; mal evil + \'85 propos to the purpose.] Unseasonable or unseasonably; unsuitable or unsuitably.

Malapterurus

Mal*ap`te*ru"rus (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of African siluroid fishes, including the electric catfishes. See Electric cat, under Electric.

Malar

Ma"lar (?), a. [L. mala the cheek: cf. F. malaire.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the region of the cheek bone, or to the malar bone; jugal.

Malar

Ma"lar (?), n. (Anat.) The cheek bone, which forms a part of the lower edge of the orbit.

Malaria

Ma*la"ri*a (?), n. [It., contr. fr. malaaria bad air. See Malice, and Air.]

1. Air infected with some noxious substance capable of engendering disease; esp., an unhealthy exhalation from certain soils, as marshy or wet lands, producing fevers; miasma. &hand; The morbific agent in malaria is supposed by some to be a vegetable microbe or its spores, and by others to be a very minute animal blood parasite (an infusorian).

2. (Med.) A morbid condition produced by exhalations from decaying vegetable matter in contact with moisture, giving rise to fever and ague and many other symptoms characterized by their tendency to recur at definite and usually uniform intervals.

Malarial, Malarian, Malarious

Ma*la"ri*al (?), Ma*la"ri*an (?), Ma*la"ri*ous (?), a. Of or pertaining, to or infected by, malaria. Malarial fever (Med.), a fever produced by malaria, and characterized by the occurrence of chills, fever, and sweating in distinct paroxysms, At intervals of definite and often uniform duration, in which these symptoms are wholly absent (intermittent fever), or only partially so (remittent fever); fever and ague; chills and fever.

Malashaganay

Ma`la*sha"ga*nay (?), n. [Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) The fresh-water drumfish (Haploidonotus grunniens).

Malassimilation

Mal`as*sim`i*la"tion (?), n. [Mal- + assimilation.] (Physiol.) (a) Imperfect digestion of the several leading constituents of the food. (b) An imperfect elaboration by the tissues of the materials brought to them by the blood.

Malate

Ma"late (?), n. [L. malum apple: cf. F. malate. See Malic.] (Chem.) A salt of malic acid.

Malax, Malaxate

Ma"lax (?), Ma*lax"ate (?), v. t. [L. malaxare, malaxatum, cf. Gr. malaxer.] To soften by kneading or stirring with some thinner substance. [R.]

Malaxation

Mal`ax*a"tion (?), n. [L. malaxatio: cf. F. malaxation.] The act of softening by mixing with a thinner substance; the formation of ingredients into a mass for pills or plasters. [R.]

Malaxator

Mal"ax*a`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, malaxates; esp., a machine for grinding, kneading, or stirring into a pasty or doughy mass. [R.]

Malay

Ma*lay" (?), n. One of a race of a brown or copper complexion in the Malay Peninsula and the western islands of the Indian Archipelago.

Malay, Malayan

Ma*lay" (?), Ma*lay"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Malays or their country. -- n. The Malay language. Malay apple (Bot.), a myrtaceous tree (Eugenia Malaccensis) common in India; also, its applelike fruit.

Malayalam

Ma"la*ya"lam (?), n. The name given to one the cultivated Dravidian languages, closely related to the Tamil. Yule.

Malbrouck

Mal"brouck (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) A West African arboreal monkey (Cercopithecus cynosurus).

Malconformation

Mal*con`for*ma"tion (?), n. [Mal- + conformation.] Imperfect, disproportionate, or abnormal formation; ill form; disproportion of parts.

Malcontent

Mal"con*tent` (?), a. [F., fr. mal ill + content. See Malice, Content.] discontented; uneasy; dissatisfied; especially, dissatisfied with the government. [Written also malecontent.]
The famous malcontent earl of Leicester. Milner.

Malcontent

Mal"con*tent`, n. [F. malcontent.] One who discontented; especially, a discontented subject of a government; one who express his discontent by words or overt acts. Spenser. Berkeley.

Malcontented

Mal`con*tent"ed (?), a. Malcontent. -- Mal`con*tent"ed*ly, adv. -- Mal`con*tent"ed*ness, n.

Maldanian

Mal*da"ni*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of marine annelids of the genus Maldane, or family Maldanid\'91. They have a slender, round body, and make tubes in the sand or mud.

Male-

Male- (?). See Mal-.

Male

Male (?), a. [L. malus. See Malice.] Evil; wicked; bad. [Obs.] Marston.

Male

Male, n. Same as Mail, a bag. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Male

Male, a. [F. m\'83le, OF. masle, mascle, fr. L. masculus male, masculine, dim. of mas a male; possibly akin to E. man. Cf. Masculine, Marry, v. t.]

1. Of or pertaining to the sex that begets or procreates young, or (in a wider sense) to the sex that produces spermatozoa, by which the ova are fertilized; not female; as, male organs.

2. (Bot.) Capable of producing fertilization, but not of bearing fruit; -- said of stamens and antheridia, and of the plants, or parts of plants, which bear them.

3. Suitable to the male sex; characteristic or suggestive of a male; masculine; as, male courage.

4. Consisting of males; as, a male choir.

5. (Mech.) Adapted for entering another corresponding piece (the female piece) which is hollow and which it fits; as, a male gauge, for gauging the size or shape of a hole; a male screw, etc. Male berry (Bot.), a kind of coffee. See Pea berry. -- Male fern (Bot.), a fern of the genus Aspidium (A. Filixmas), used in medicine as an anthelmintic, esp. against the tapeworm. Aspidium marginale in America, and A. athamanticum in South Africa, are used as good substitutes for the male fern in medical practice. See Female fern, under Female. -- Male rhyme, a rhyme in which only the last syllables agree, as laid, afraid, dismayed. See Female rhyme, under Female. -- Male screw (Mech.), a screw having threads upon its exterior which enter the grooves upon the inside of a corresponding nut or female screw. -- Male thread, the thread of a male screw.

Male

Male, n.

1. An animal of the male sex.

2. (Bot.) A plant bearing only staminate flowers.

Naleadministration

Nale`ad*min`is*tra"tion (?), n. Maladministration.

Maleate

Ma*le"ate (?), n. A salt of maleic acid.

Malebranchism

Male*branch"ism (?), n. The philosophical system of Malebranche, an eminent French metaphysician. The fundamental doctrine of his system is that the mind can not have knowledge of anything external to itself except in its relation to God.
Page 887

Maleconformation

Male*con`for*ma"tion (?), n. Malconformation.

Malecontent

Male"con*tent` (?), a. Malcontent.

Maledicency

Mal`e*di"cen*cy (?), n. [L. maledicentia. See Maledicent.] Evil speaking. [Obs.] Atterbury.

Maledicent

Mal`e*di"cent (?), a. [L. maledicens, p. pr. of maledicere to speak ill; male ill + dicere to say, speak. See Malice, and Diction.] Speaking reproachfully; slanderous. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.

Maledict

Mal"e*dict (?), a. [L. maledictus, p. p. of maledicere.] Accursed; abominable. [R.]

Malediction

Mal`e*dic"tion, n. [L. maledictio: cf. F. mal\'82diction. See Maledicent.] A proclaiming of evil against some one; a cursing; imprecation; a curse or execration; -- opposed to benediction.
No malediction falls from his tongue. Longfellow.
Syn. -- Cursing; curse; execration; imprecation; denunciation; anathema. -- Malediction, Curse, Imprecation, Execration. Malediction is the most general term, denoting bitter reproach, or wishes and predictions of evil. Curse implies the desire or threat of evil, declared upon oath or in the most solemn manner. Imprecation is literally the praying down of evil upon a person. Execration is literally a putting under the ban of excommunication, a curse which excludes from the kingdom of God. In ordinary usage, the last three words describe profane swearing, execration being the strongest.

Malefaction

Mal`e*fac"tion (?), n. [See Malefactor.] A crime; an offense; an evil deed. [R.] Shak.

Malefactor

Mal`e*fac"tor (?), n. [L., fr. malefacere to do evil; male ill, evil + facere to do. See Malice, and Fact.]

1. An evil doer; one who commits a crime; one subject to public prosecution and punishment; a criminal.

2. One who does wrong by injuring another, although not a criminal. [Obs.] H. Brooke. Fuller. Syn. -- Evil doer; criminal; culprit; felon; convict.

Malefactress

Mal`e*fac"tress (?), n. A female malefactor. Hawthorne.

Malefeasance

Male*fea"sance (?), n. See Malfeasance.

Malefic

Ma*lef"ic (?), a. [L. maleficus: cf. F. mal\'82fique. See Malefaction.] Doing mischief; causing harm or evil; nefarious; hurtful. [R.] Chaucer.

Malefice

Mal"e*fice (?), n. [L. maleficium: cf. F. mal\'82fice. See Malefactor.] An evil deed; artifice; enchantment. [Obs.]

Maleficence

Ma*lef"i*cence (?), n. [L. maleficentia. Cf. Malfeasance.] Evil doing, esp. to others.

Maleficent

Ma*lef"i*cent (?), a. [See Malefic.] Doing evil to others; harmful; mischievous.

Maleficial

Mal`e*fi"cial (?), a. Injurious. Fuller.

Maleficiate

Mal`e*fi"ci*ate (?), v. t. [LL. maleficiatus, p. p. of maleficiare to bewitch, fr. L. maleficium. See Malefice.] To bewitch; to harm. [Obs.] Burton.

Maleficiation

Mal`e*fi`ci*a"tion (?), n. A bewitching. [Obs.]

Maleficience

Mal`e*fi"cience (?), n. [See Maleficence.] The doing of evil, harm, or mischief.

Maleficient

Mal`e*fi"cient (?), a. [See Maleficent.] Doing evil, harm, or mischief.

Maleformation

Male`for*ma"tion (?), n. See Malformation.

Maleic

Ma*le"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. mal\'82ique. See Malic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the ethylene series, metameric with fumaric acid and obtained by heating malic acid.

Malengine

Ma*len"gine (?), n. [OF. malengin; L. malus bad, evil + ingenium natural capacity. See Engine.] Evil machination; guile; deceit. [Obs.] Gower.

Maleo

Ma"le*o (?), n. [From its native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A bird of Celebes (megacephalon maleo), allied to the brush turkey. It makes mounds in which to lay its eggs.

Male-odor

Male-o"dor (?), n. See Malodor.

Malepractice

Male*prac"tice (?), n. See Malpractice.

Male-spirited

Male"-spir`it*ed (?), a. Having the spirit of a male; vigorous; courageous. [R.] B. Jonson.

Malet

Mal"et (?), n. [F. mallette, dim. of malle. See Mail a bag.] A little bag or budget. [Obs.] Shelton.

Maletreat

Male*treat" (?), v. t. See Maltreat.

Malevolence

Ma*lev"o*lence (?), n. [L. malevolentia. See Malevolent.] The quality or state of being malevolent; evil disposition toward another; inclination to injure others; ill will. See Synonym of Malice.

Malevolent

Ma*lev"o*lent (?), a. [L. malevolens, -entis; male ill + volens, p. pr. of velle to be willing or disposed, to wish. See Malice, and Voluntary.] Wishing evil; disposed to injure others; rejoicing in another's misfortune. Syn. -- Ill-disposed; envious; mischievous; evil-minded; spiteful; malicious; malignant; rancorous.

Malevolently

Ma*lev"o*lent*ly, adv. In a malevolent manner.

Malevolous

Ma*lev"o*lous (?), a. [L. malevolus; fr. male ill + velle to be disposed.] Malevolent. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.

Malexecution

Mal*ex`e*cu"tion (?), n. [Mal- + execution.] Bad execution. D. Webster.

Maleyl

Ma*le"yl (?), n. [Maleic + -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical derived from maleic acid.

Malfeasance

Mal*fea"sance (?), n. [F. malfaisance, fr. malfaisant injurious, doing ill; mal ill, evil + faisant doing, p. pr. of faire to do. See Malice, Feasible, and cf. Maleficence.] (Law) The doing of an act which a person ought not to do; evil conduct; an illegal deed. [Written also malefeasance.]

Malformation

Mal`for*ma"tion (?), n. [Mal- + forniation.] Ill formation; irregular or anomalous formation; abnormal or wrong conformation or structure.

Malgracious

Mal*gra"cious (?), a. [F. malgracieux.] Not graceful; displeasing. [Obs.] Gower.

Malgre

Mal"gre (?), prep. See Mauger.

Malic

Ma"lic (?), a. [L. malum an apple: cf. F. malique.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, apples; as, malic acid. Malic acid, a hydroxy acid obtained as a substance which is sirupy or crystallized with difficulty, and has a strong but pleasant sour taste. It occurs in many fruits, as in green apples, currants, etc. It is levorotatory or dextrorotatory according to the temperature and concentration. An artificial variety is a derivative of succinic acid, but has no action on polarized light, and thus malic acid is a remarkable case of physical isomerism. <-- HO.CO.CH2.CH(OH).CO.OH the natural form is the L- isomer. The synthetic is inactive presumably due simply to a racemic mixture of isomers. -->

Malice

Mal"ice (?), n. [F. malice, fr. L. malitia, from malus bad, ill, evil, prob. orig., dirty, black; cf. Gr. mala dirt. Cf. Mauger.]

1. Enmity of heart; malevolence; ill will; a spirit delighting in harm or misfortune to another; a disposition to injure another; a malignant design of evil. "Nor set down aught in malice." Shak.

Envy, hatred, and malice are three distinct passions of the mind. Ld. Holt.

2. (Law) Any wicked or mischievous intention of the mind; a depraved inclination to mischief; an intention to vex, annoy, or injure another person, or to do a wrongful act without just cause or cause or excuse; a wanton disregard of the rights or safety of others; willfulness. Malice aforethought ∨ prepense, malice previously and deliberately entertained. Syn. -- Spite; ill will; malevolence; grudge; pique; bitterness; animosity; malignity; maliciousness; rancor; virulence. See Spite. -- Malevolence, Malignity, Malignancy. Malice is a stronger word than malevolence, which may imply only a desire that evil may befall another, while malice desires, and perhaps intends, to bring it about. Malignity is intense and deepseated malice. It implies a natural delight in hating and wronging others. One who is malignant must be both malevolent and malicious; but a man may be malicious without being malignant.

Proud tyrants who maliciously destroy And ride o'er ruins with malignant joy. Somerville.
in some connections, malignity seems rather more pertinently applied to a radical depravity of nature, and malignancy to indications of this depravity, in temper and conduct in particular instances. Cogan.

Malice

Mal"ice, v. t. To regard with extreme ill will. [Obs.]

Malicho

Mal"i*cho (?), n. [Sp. malhecho; mal bad + hecho deed, L. factum. See Fact.] Mischief. [Obs.] Shak.

Malicious

Ma*li"cious (?), a. [Of. malicius, F. malicieux, fr. L. malitiosus. See Malice.]

1. Indulging or exercising malice; harboring ill will or enmity.

I grant him bloody, . . . Sudden, malicious, smacking of every sin That has a name. Shak.

2. Proceeding from hatred or ill will; dictated by malice; as, a malicious report; malicious mischief.

3. (Law)With wicked or mischievous intentions or motives; wrongful and done intentionally without just cause or excuse; as, a malicious act. Malicious abandonment, the desertion of a wife or husband without just cause. Burrill. -- Malicious mischief (Law), malicious injury to the property of another; -- an offense at common law. Wharton. -- Malicious prosecution ∨ arrest (Law), a wanton prosecution or arrest, by regular process in a civil or criminal proceeding, without probable cause. Bouvier. Syn. -- Ill-disposed; evil-minded; mischievous; envious; malevolent; invidious; spiteful; bitter; malignant; rancorous; malign. -- Ma*li"cious*ly, adv. -- Ma*li"cious*ness, n.

Malign

Ma*lign" (?), a. [L. malignus, for maligenus, i. e., of a bad kind or nature; malus bad + the root of genus birth, race, kind: cf. F. malin, masc., maligne, fem. See Malice, Gender, and cf. Benign, Malignant.]

1. Having an evil disposition toward others; harboring violent enmity; malevolent; malicious; spiteful; -- opposed to benign.

Witchcraft may be by operation of malign spirits. Bacon.

2. Unfavorable; unpropitious; pernicious; tending to injure; as, a malign aspect of planets.

3. Malignant; as, a malign ulcer. [R.] Bacon.

Malign

Ma*lign", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maligned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Maligning.] [Cf. L. malignare. See Malign, a.] To treat with malice; to show hatred toward; to abuse; to wrong; to injure. [Obs.]
The people practice what mischiefs and villainies they will against private men, whom they malign by stealing their goods, or murdering them. Spenser.

2. To speak great evil of; to traduce; to defame; to slander; to vilify; to asperse.

To be envied and shot at; to be maligned standing, and to be despised falling. South.

Malign

Ma*lign", v. i. To entertain malice. [Obs.]

Malignance, Malignancy

Ma*lig"nance (?), Ma*lig"nan*cy , n. [See Malignant.]

1. The state or quality of being malignant; extreme malevolence; bitter enmity; malice; as, malignancy of heart.

2. Unfavorableness; evil nature.

The malignancy of my fate might perhaps distemner yours. Shak.

3. (Med.) Virulence; tendency to a fatal issue; as, the malignancy of an ulcer or of a fever.

4. The state of being a malignant. Syn. -- Malice; malevolence; malignity. See Malice.

Malignant

Ma*lig"nant (?), a. [L. malignans, -antis, p. pr. of malignare, malignari, to do or make maliciously. See Malign, and cf. Benignant.]

1. Disposed to do harm, inflict suffering, or cause distress; actuated by extreme malevolence or enmity; virulently inimical; bent on evil; malicious.

A malignant and a turbaned Turk. Shak.

2. Characterized or caused by evil intentions; pernicious. "Malignant care." Macaulay.

Some malignant power upon my life. Shak.
Something deleterious and malignant as his touch. Hawthorne.

3. (Med.) Tending to produce death; threatening a fatal issue; virulent; as, malignant diphtheria. Malignant pustule (Med.), a very contagious disease, transmitted to man from animals, characterized by the formation, at the point of reception of the virus, of a vesicle or pustule which first enlarges and then breaks down into an unhealthy ulcer. It is marked by profound exhaustion and usually fatal. Called also charbon, and sometimes, improperly, anthrax.

Malignant

Ma*lig"nant (?), n.

1. A man of extrems enmity or evil intentions. Hooker.

2. (Eng. Hist.) One of the adherents of Charles L. or Charles LL.; -- so called by the opposite party.

Malignantly

Ma*lig"nant*ly, adv.In a malignant manner.

Maligner

Ma*lign"er (?), n. One who maligns.

Malignify

Ma*lig"ni*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malignified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Malignifying (?).] [L. malignus malign + -fy.] To make malign or malignant. [R.] "A strong faith malignified." Southey.

Malignity

Ma*lig"ni*ty (?), n. [F. malignit\'82, L. malignitas.]

1. The state or quality of being malignant; disposition to do evil; virulent enmity; malignancy; malice; spite.

2. Virulence; deadly quality.

His physicians discerned an invincible malignity in his disease. Hayward.

3. Extreme evilness of nature or influence; perniciousness; heinousness; as, the malignity of fraud. [R.] Syn. -- See Malice.

Malignly

Ma*lign"ly (?), adv. In a malign manner; with malignity.

Malinger

Ma*lin"ger (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. MAlingered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Malingering.] To act the part of a malingerer; to feign illness or inability.

Malingerer

Ma*lin"ger*er (?), n. [F. malingre sickly, weakly, prob. from mal ill + OF. heingre, haingre, thin, lean, infirm, fr. L. aeger.] In the army, a soldier who feigns himself sick, or who induces or protracts an illness, in order to avoid doing his duty; hence, in general, one who shirks his duty by pretending illness or inability.

Malingery

Ma*lin"ger*y (?), n. The spirit or practices of a malingerer; malingering.

Malison

Mal"i*son (?), n. [OF. maleicon, L. maledictio. See Malediction, and cf. Benison.] Malediction; curse; execration. [Poetic]
God's malison on his head who this gainsays. Sir W. Scott.

Malkin

Mal"kin (?), n. [Dim. of Maud, the proper name. Cf. Grimalkin.] [Written also maukin.]

1. Originally, a kitchenmaid; a slattern. Chaucer.

2. A mop made of clouts, used by the kitchen servant.

3. A scarecrow.[Prov. Eng.]

4. (Mil.) A mop or sponge attached to a jointed staff for swabbing out a cannon.

Mall

Mall (?), n. [Written also maul.] [OE. malle, F. mail, L. malleus. Cf. Malleus.]

1. A large heavy wooden beetle; a mallet for driving anything with force; a maul. Addison.

2. A heavy blow. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. An old game played with malls or mallets and balls. See Pall-mall. Cotton.

4. A place where the game of mall was played. Hence: A public walk; a level shaded walk.

Part of the area was laid out in gravel walks, and planted with elms; and these convenient and frequented walks obtained the name of the City Mall. Southey.

Mall

Mall (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Malling.] [Cf. OF. mailler. See Mall beetle, and cf. Malleate.] To beat with a mall; to beat with something heavy; to bruise; to maul.

Mall

Mall (?), n. [LL. mallum a public assembly; cf. OHG. mahal assembly, transaction; akin to AS. m\'91, me, assembly, m to speak, Goth. mapl market place.] Formerly, among Teutonic nations, a meeting of the notables of a state for the transaction of public business, such meeting being a modification of the ancient popular assembly. Hence: (a) A court of justice. (b) A place where justice is administered. (c) A place where public meetings are held.
Councils, which had been as frequent as diets or malls, ceased. Milman.
<-- 2. See MW10] (a) A public access area containing a promenade for pedestrians. (b) The paved or grassy strip between two roadways. (c) A shopping area with multiple shops and a concourse for predominantly or exclusively pedestrian use; inn cities the concourse is usually a city street which may be temporarily or permamently closed to motor vehicles; in suburban areas, a mall is often located on a convenient highway, may be large, contained in one building or multiple buildings connected by (usually covered) walkways. -->

Mallard

Mal"lard (?), n. [F. malari,fr. m\'83le male + -art =-ard. See Male, a., and -ard.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A drake; the male of Anas boschas.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A large wild duck (Anas boschas) inhabiting both America and Europe. The domestic duck has descended from this species. Called also greenhead.

Malleability

Mal"le*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [CF. F. mall\'82abilit\'82.] The quality or state of being malleable; -- opposed to friability and brittleness. Locke.

Malleable

Mal"le*a*ble (?), a. [F. mall\'82able, fr. LL. malleare to hammer. See Malleate.] Capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer, or by the pressure of rollers; -- applied to metals. Malleable iron, iron that is capable of extension or of being shaped under the hammer; decarbonized cast iron. See under Iron. -- Malleable iron castings, articles cast from pig iron and made malleable by heating then for several days in the presence of some substance, as hematite, which deprives the cast iron of some of its carbon.

Malleableize

Mal"le*a*ble*ize (?), v. t. To make malleable.

Malleableness

Mal"le*a*ble*ness, n. Quality of being malleable.

Malleal

Mal"le*al (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the malleus.

Malleate

Mal"le*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malleated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Malleating (?).] [L. malleatus hammered, fr. malleus a hammer. See Mall, v. t.] To hammer; to beat into a plate or leaf.

Malleation

Mal`le*a"tion (?), n. [LL. malleatio: cf. OF. mall\'82ation.] The act or process of beating into a plate, sheet, or leaf, as a metal; extension by beating.
Page 888

Mallecho

Mal"le*cho (?), n. Same as Malicho.

Mallee bird

Mal*lee" bird` (?). (Zo\'94l.) [From native name.] The leipoa. See Leipoa.

Mallemock, Mallemoke

Mal"le*mock (?), Mal"le*moke (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Mollemoke.

Mallenders

Mal"len*ders (?), n. pl. (Far.) Same as Malanders.

Malleolar

Mal*le"o*lar (?), a. [See Malleolus.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the malleolus; in the region of the malleoli of the ankle joint.

Malleolus

Mal*le"*o*lus (?), n.; pl. Malleoli (#). [L., dim. of malleus hammer.]

1. (Anat.) A projection at the distal end of each bone of the leg at the ankle joint. The malleolus of the tibia is the internal projection, that of the fibula the external.

2. " A layer, " a shoot partly buried in the ground, and there cut halfway through.

Mallet

Mal"let (?), n. [F. maillet, dim. of mail. See Mall a beetle.] A small maul with a short handle, -- used esp. for driving a tool, as a chisel or the like; also, a light beetle with a long handle, -- used in playing croquet.

Malleus

Mal"le*us (?), n.; pl. Mallei (#). [L., hammer. See Mall a beetle.]

1. (Anat.) The outermost of the three small auditory bones, ossicles; the hammer. It is attached to the tympanic membrane by a long process, the handle or manubrium. See Illust. of Far.

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the hard lateral pieces of the mastax of Rotifera. See Mastax.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of bivalve shells; the hammer shell.

Mallophaga

Mal*loph"a*ga (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An extensive group of insects which are parasitic on birds and mammals, and feed on the feathers and hair; -- called also bird lice. See Bird louse, under Bird.

Mallotus

Mal*lo"tus (?), n. [NL., fr Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small Arctic fishes. One American species, the capelin (Mallotus villosus), is extensively used as bait for cod.

Mallow, Mallows

Mal"low (?), Mal"lows (?), n. [OE. malwe, AS. mealwe, fr. L. malva, akin to Gr. mala`chh; cf. mala`ssein to soften, malako`s soft. Named either from its softening or relaxing properties, or from its soft downy leaves. Cf. Mauve, Malachite.] (Bot.) A genus of plants (Malva) having mucilaginous qualities. See Malvaceous. &hand; The flowers of the common mallow (M. sylvestris) are used in medicine. The dwarf mallow (M. rotundifolia) is a common weed, and its flattened, dick-shaped fruits are called cheeses by children. Tree mallow (M. Mauritiana and Lavatera arborea), musk mallow (M. moschata), rose mallow or hollyhock, and curled mallow (M. crispa), are less commonly seen. Indian mallow. See Abutilon. -- Jew's mallow, a plant (Corchorus olitorius) used as a pot herb by the Jews of Egypt and Syria. -- Marsh mallow. See under Marsh.

Mallowwort

Mal"low*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the order Malvace\'91.

Malm, Malmbrick

Malm (?), Malm"brick` (?), n. [Cf. AS. mealm sand.] A kind of brick of a light brown or yellowish color, made of sand, clay, and chalk.

Malma

Mal"ma (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A spotted trout (Salvelinus malma), inhabiting Northern America, west of the Rocky Mountains; -- called also Dolly Varden trout, bull trout, red-spotted trout, and golet. <-- Insert: Illustr. of Malma (Salvelinus malma) -->

Malmag

Mal"mag (?), n. [F., from native name in Madagascar.] (Zo\'94l.) The tarsius, or spectral lemur.

Malmsey

Malm"sey (?), n. [OE. malvesie, F. malvoisie, It. malvasia, malavagia, fr. Malvasia, or Napoli di Malvasia, in the Morea.] A kind of sweet wine from Crete, the Canary Islands, etc. Shak.

Malnutrition

Mal`nu*tri"tion (?), n. [Mal- + nutrition.] (Physiol.) Faulty or imperfect nutrition.

Malobservation

Mal*ob`ser*va"tion (?), n. [Mal- + observation.] Erroneous observation. J. S Mill.

Malodor

Mal*o"dor (?), n. An Offensive to the sense of smell; ill-smelling. -- Mal*o"dor*ous*ness. n. Carlyle.

Malonate

Mal"o*nate (?), a. (Chem.) At salt of malonic acid.

Malonic

Ma*lon"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid produced artifically as a white crystalline substance, CH2.(CO2H)2, and so called because obtained by the oxidation of malic acid.<-- (Org. Chem.) a dicarboxylic acid -->

Malonyl

Mal"o*nyl (?), n. [Malonic + -yl.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon radical, CH2.(CO)2, from malonic acid. <-- divalent, a diacyl radical -->

Malpighia

Mal*pi"ghi*a (?), n. [NL. See Malpighian.] (Bot.) A genus of tropical American shrubs with opposite leaves and small white or reddish flowers. The drupes of Malpighia urens are eaten under the name of Barbadoes cherries.

Malpighiaceous

Mal*pi`ghi*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of tropical trees and shrubs (Malpighiace\'91), some of them climbing plants, and their stems forming many of the curious lianes of South American forests.

Malpighian

Mal*pi"ghi*an (?), a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Marcello Malpighi, an Italian anatomist of the 17th century. Malhighian capsules ∨ corpuscles, the globular dilatations, containing the glomeruli or Malpighian tufts, at the extremities of the urinary tubules of the kidney. Malpighian corpuscles of the spleen, masses of adenoid tissue connected with branches of the splenic artery.

Malposition

Mal`po*si"tion (?), n. [Mal- + position.] A wrong position.

Malpractice

Mal*prac"tice (?), n. [Mal- + practice.] Evil practice; illegal or immoral conduct; practice contrary to established rules; specifically, the treatment of a case by a surgeon or physician in a manner which is contrary to accepted rules and productive of unfavorable results. [Written also malepractice.]

Malt

Malt (?), n. [AS. mealt; akin to D. mout, G. malz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. malt, and E. melt. &root;108. See Melt.] Barley or other grain, steeped in water and dried in a kiln, thus forcing germination until the saccharine principle has been evolved. It is used in brewing and in the distillation of whisky.

Malt

Malt, a. Relating to, containing, or made with, malt. Malt liquor, an alcoholic liquor, as beer, ale, porter, etc., prepared by fermenting an infusion of malt. -- Malt dust, fine particles of malt, or of the grain used in making malt; -used as a fertilizer. " Malt dust consists chiefly of the infant radicle separated from the grain." Sir H. Davy. -- Malt floor, a floor for drying malt. -- Malt house, ∨ Malthouse, a house in which malt is made. -- Malt kiln, a heated chamber for drying malt.

Malt

Malt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malted: p. pr. & vb. n. Malting.] To make into malt; as, to malt barley.

Malt

Malt, v. i. To become malt; also, to make grain into malt. Mortimer.

Maltalent

Mal"ta*lent (?), n. [F. See Malice, and Talent.] Ill will; malice. [Obs.] Rom. of R. Spenser.

Maltese

Mal*tese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Malta or to its inhabitants. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or inhabitant of Malta; the people of Malta. Maltese cat (Zo\'94l.), a mouse-colored variety of the domestic cat. -- Maltese cross. See Illust. 5, of Cross. -- Maltese dog (Zo\'94l.), a breed of small terriers, having long silky white hair. The breed originated in Malta.

Maltha

Mal"tha (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. A variety of bitumen, viscid and tenacious, like pitch, unctuous to the touch, and exhaling a bituminous odor.

2. Mortar. [Obs.] Holland.

Malthusian

Mal*thu"sian (?), a. Of or pertaining to the political economist, the Rev. T. R. Malthus, or conforming to his views; as, Malthusian theories. &hand; Malthus held that population tends to increase faster than its means of subsistence can be made to do, and hence that the lower classes must necessarily suffer more or less from lack of food, unless an increase of population be checked by prudential restraint or otherwise.

Mathusian

Ma*thu"sian, n. A follower of Malthus.

Malthusianism

Mal*thu"sian*ism (?), n. The system of Malthusian doctrines relating to population.

Maltin, Maltine

Malt"in (?), Malt"ine (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) The fermentative principle of malt; malt diastase; also, a name given to various medicinal preparations made from or containing malt.

Malting

Malt"ing (?), n. The process of making, or of becoming malt.

Maltman

Malt"man (?), n.; pl. Maltmen (. A man whose occupation is to make malt.

Maltonic

Mal*ton"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, maltose; specif., designating an acid called also gluconic or dextronic acid. See Gluconic.

Maltose

Malt"ose` (?), n. [From Malt.] (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline sugar formed from starch by the action of distance of malt, and the amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreatic juice. It resembles dextrose, but rotates the plane of polarized light further to the right and possesses a lower cupric oxide reducing power.

Maltreat

Mal*treat" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maltreated; p. pr. & vb. n. Maltreating.] [Mal- + treat: cf. F. maltraiter.] To treat ill; to abuse; to treat roughly.

Maltreament

Mal*trea"ment (?), n.; [Cf. F. maltraitement.] Ill treatment; ill usage; abuse.

Maltster

Malt"ster (?), n. A maltman. Swift.

Maltworm

Malt"worm` (?), n. A tippler. [R.] Shak.

Malty

Malt"y (?), a. Consisting, or like, malt. Dickens.

Malum

Ma"lum (?), n.; pl. Mala (#). [L.] An evil. See Mala.

Malvaceous

Mal*va"ceous (?), a. [L. malvaceus, from malva mallows. See Mallow.] (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants (Malvace\'91), of which the mallow is the type. The cotton plant, hollyhock, and abutilon are of this order, and the baobab and the silk-cotton trees are now referred to it.

Malversation

Mal`ver*sa"tion (?), n. [F., fr. malverser to be corrupt in office, fr. L. male ill + versari to move about, to occupy one's self, vertere to turn. See Malice, and Verse.] Evil conduct; fraudulent practices; misbehavior, corruption, or extortion in office.

Malvesie

Mal"ve*sie (?), n. Malmsey wine. See Malmsey. " A jub of malvesye." Chaucer.

Man

Man (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. mamma.] Mamma.

Mama

Ma*ma" (?), n. See Mamma.

Mamaluke

Mam"a*luke (?), n. Same as Mameluke.

Mamelon

Mam"e*lon (?), n. [F.] A rounded hillock; a rounded elevation or protuberance. Westmin. Rev.

Mameluco

Mam`e*lu"co (?), n. [Pg.] A child born of a white father and Indian mother. [S. Amer.]

Mameluke

Mam"e*luke (?), n. [F. mamelouk, cf. Sp. mameluco, It. mammalucco; all fr. Ar. maml a purchased slave or captive; lit., possessed or in one's power, p. p. of malaka to possesses.] One of a body of mounted soldiers recruited from slaves converted to Mohammedanism, who, during several centuries, had more or less control of the government of Egypt, until exterminated or dispersed by Mehemet Ali in 1811.

Mamillated

Mam"il*la`ted (?), a. See Mammillated.

Mamma

Mam*ma" (?), n. [Reduplicated from the infantine word ma, influenced in spelling by L. mamma.] Mother; -- word of tenderness and familiarity. [Written also mama.]
Tell tales papa and mamma. Swift.

Mamma

Mam"ma (?), n.; pl. Mamm\'91 (#). [L. mamma breast.] (Anat.) A glandular organ for secreting milk, characteristic of all mammals, but usually rudimentary in the male; a mammary gland; a breast; under; bag.

Mammal

Mam"mal (?), n.; pl. Mammals (#). [L. mammalis belonging to the breast, fr. mamma the breast or pap: cf. F. mammal.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Mammalia. Age of mammals. See under Age, n., 8.

Mammalia

Mam*ma"li*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. mammalis. See Mammal.] (Zo\'94l.) The highest class of Vertebrata. The young are nourished for a time by milk, or an analogous fluid, secreted by the mammary glands of the mother. &hand; Mammalia are divided into threes subclasses; -- I. Placentalia. This subclass embraces all the higher orders, including man. In these the fetus is attached to the uterus by a placenta. II. Marsupialia. In these no placenta is formed, and the young, which are born at an early state of development, are carried for a time attached to the teats, and usually protected by a marsupial pouch. The opossum, kangaroo, wombat, and koala are examples. III. Monotremata. In this group, which includes the genera Echidna and Ornithorhynchus, the female lays large eggs resembling those of a bird or lizard, and the young, which are hatched like those of birds, are nourished by a watery secretion from the imperfectly developed mamm\'91.

Mammalian

Mam*ma"li*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Mammalia or mammals.

Mammaliferous

Mam`ma*lif"er*ous (?), a. [Mammal + -ferous.] (Geol.) Containing mammalian remains; -- said of certain strata.

Mammalogical

Mam`ma*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to mammalogy.

Mammalogist

Mam*mal"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. mammalogiste.] One versed in mammalogy.

Mammalogy

Mam*mal"o*gy (?), n. [Mamma breast + -logy: cf. f. mammalogie.] The science which relates to mammals or the Mammalia. See Mammalia.

Mammary

Mam"ma*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. mammaire.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mamm\'91 or breasts; as, the mammary arteries and veins.

Mammee

Mam*mee" (?), n. [Haytian mamey.] (Bot.) A fruit tree of tropical America, belonging to the genus Mammea (M. Americana); also, its fruit. The latter is large, covered with a thick, tough ring, and contains a bright yellow pulp of a pleasant taste and fragrant scent. It is often called mammee apple.

Mammer

Mam"mer (?), v. i. [Cf. G. memme coward, poltroon.] To hesitate; to mutter doubtfully. [Obs.]

Mammet

Mam"met (?), n. [See Mawmet.] An idol; a puppet; a doll. [Obs.] Selden. Shak.

Mammetry

Mam"met*ry (?), n. See Mawmetry. [Obs.]

Mammifer

Mam"mi*fer (?), n. [NL. See Mammiferous.] (Zo\'94l.) A mammal. See Mammalia.

Mammiferous

Mam*mif"er*ous (?), a. [Mamma breast + -ferous: cf. F. mammif\'8are.] Having breasts; of, pertaining to, or derived from, the Mammalia.

Mammiform

Mam"mi*form (?), a. [Mamma breast + -form: cf. F. mammiforme.] Having the form of a mamma (breast) or mamm\'91.

Mammilla

Mam*mil"la (?), n.; pl. Mammil\'91 (#). [L., dim. of mamma a breast.] (Anat.) The nipple.

Mammillary

Mam"mil*la*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. mammilaire. See Mammilla.]

1. Of or pertaining to the mammilla, or nipple, or to the breast; resembling a mammilla; mammilloid.

2. (Min.) Composed of convex convex concretions, somewhat resembling the breasts in form; studded with small mammiform protuberances.

Mammillate, Mammillated

Mam"mil*late (?), Mam"mil*la`ted (?), a. [See Mammilla.]

1. Having small nipples, or small protuberances like nipples or mamm\'91.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Bounded like a nipple; -- said of the apex of some shells.

Mammilliform

Mam*mil"li*form (?), a. [Mammil + -form.] Having the form of a mammilla.

Mammilloid

Mam"mil*loid (?), a. [Mammilla + -oid.] Like a mammilla or nipple; mammilliform.

Mammock

Mam"mock (?), n. [Ir. & Gael. mam a round hill + -ock.] A shapeless piece; a fragment. [Obs.]

Mammock

Mam"mock, v. t. To tear to pieces. [Obs.] Milton.

Mammodis

Mam"mo*dis (?), n. [F. mamoudis, fr. Hind. mahm&umac;d\'c6 a muslin.] Coarse plain India muslins.

Mammology

Mam*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Mamma + -logy.] Mastology. See Mammalogy.

Mammon

Mam"mon (?), n. [L. mammona, Gr. mam; cf. Heb. matm a hiding place, subterranean storehouse, treasury, fr. t\'beman to hide.] Riches; wealth; the god of riches; riches, personified.
Ye can not serve God and Mammon. Matt. vi. 24.

Mammonish

Mam"mon*ish, a. Actuated or prompted by a devotion to money getting or the service of Mammon. Carlyle.

Mammonism

Mam"mon*ism (?), n. Devotion to the pursuit of wealth; worldliness. Carlyle.

Mammonist

Mam"mon*ist, n. A mammonite.

Mammonite

Mam"mon*ite (?), n. One devoted to the acquisition of wealth or the service of Mammon. C. Kingsley.

Mammonization

Mam`mon*i*za"tion (?), n. The process of making mammonish; the state of being under the influence of mammonism.

Mammonize

Mam"mon*ize (?), v. t. To make mammonish.

Mammose

Mam*mose" (?), a. [L. mammosus having large breasts, mamma breast.] (Bot.) Having the form of the breast; breast-shaped.
Page 889

Mammoth

Mam"moth (?), n. [Russ. m\'83mont, m\'a0mant, fr. Tartar mamma the earth. Certain Tartar races, the Tungooses and Yakoots, believed that the mammoth worked its way in the earth like a mole.] (Zo\'94l.) An extinct, hairy, maned elephant (Elephas primigenius), of enormous size, remains of which are found in the northern parts of both continents. The last of the race, in Europe, were coeval with prehistoric man. &hand; Several specimens have been found in Siberia preserved entire, with the flesh and hair remaining. They were imbedded in the ice cliffs at a remote period, and became exposed by the melting of the ice.

Mammoth

Mam"moth (?), a. Resembling the mammoth in size; very large; gigantic; as, a mammoth ox.

Mammothrept

Mam"mo*thrept (?), n. [Gr. A child brought up by its grandmother; a spoiled child. [R.]
O, you are a more mammothrept in judgment. B. Jonson.

Mammy

Mam"my (?), n.; pl. Mammies (. A child's name for mamma, mother.

Mamzer

Mam"zer (?), n. [Heb. m\'a0mz.] A person born of relations between whom marriage was forbidden by the Mosaic law; a bastard. Deut. xxiii. 2 (Douay version).

Man

Man (?), n.; pl. Men (#). [AS. mann, man, monn, mon; akin to OS., D., & OHG. man, G. mann, Icel. ma&edh;r, for mannr, Dan. Mand, Sw. man, Goth. manna, Skr. manu, manus, and perh. to Skr. man to think, and E. mind. &root;104. Cf. Minx a pert girl.]

1. A human being; -- opposed tobeast.

These men went about wide, and man found they none, But fair country, and wild beast many [a] one. R. of Glouc.
The king is but a man, as I am; the violet smells to him as it doth to me. Shak.
<--" 'Tain't a fit night out for man nor beast! " [W.C. Fields] -->

2. Especially: An adult male person; a grown-up male person, as distinguished from a woman or a child.

When I became a man, I put away childish things. I Cor. xiii. 11.
Ceneus, a woman once, and once a man. Dryden.

3. The human race; mankind.

And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness, and let them have dominion. Gen. i. 26.
The proper study of mankind is man. Pope.

4. The male portion of the human race.

Woman has, in general, much stronger propensity than man to the discharge of parental duties. Cowper.

5. One possessing in a high degree the distinctive qualities of manhood; one having manly excellence of any kind. Shak.

This was the noblest Roman of them all . . . the elements So mixed in him that Nature might stand up And say to all the world "This was a man! Shak.

6. An adult male servant; also, a vassal; a subject.

Like master, like man. Old Proverb.
The vassal, or tenant, kneeling, ungirt, uncovered, and holding up his hands between those of his lord, professed that he did become his man from that day forth, of life, limb, and earthly honor. Blackstone.

7. A term of familiar address often implying on the part of the speaker some degree of authority, impatience, or haste; as, Come, man, we 've no time to lose !

8. A married man; a husband; -- correlative to wife.

I pronounce that they are man and wife. Book of Com. Prayer.
every wife ought to answer for her man. Addison.

9. One, or any one, indefinitely; -- a modified survival of the Saxon use of man, or mon, as an indefinite pronoun.

A man can not make him laugh. Shak.
A man would expect to find some antiquities; but all they have to show of this nature is an old rostrum of a Roman ship. Addison.

10. One of the piece with which certain games, as chess or draughts, are played. &hand; Man is often used as a prefix in composition, or as a separate adjective, its sense being usually self-explaining; as, man child, man eater or maneater, man-eating, man hater or manhater, man-hating, manhunter, man-hunting, mankiller, man-killing, man midwife, man pleaser, man servant, man-shaped, manslayer, manstealer, man-stealing, manthief, man worship, etc. Man is also used as a suffix to denote a person of the male sex having a business which pertains to the thing spoken of in the qualifying part of the compound; ashman, butterman, laundryman, lumberman, milkman, fireman, showman, waterman, woodman. Where the combination is not familiar, or where some specific meaning of the compound is to be avoided, man is used as a separate substantive in the foregoing sense; as, apple man, cloth man, coal man, hardware man, wood man (as distinguished from woodman). Man ape (Zo\'94l.), a anthropoid ape, as the gorilla. -- Man at arms, a designation of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries for a soldier fully armed. -- Man engine, a mechanical lift for raising or lowering people through considerable distances; specifically (Mining), a contrivance by which miners ascend or descend in a shaft. It consists of a series of landings in the shaft and an equal number of shelves on a vertical rod which has an up and down motion equal to the distance between the successive landings. A man steps from a landing to a shelf and is lifted or lowered to the next landing, upon which he them steps, and so on, traveling by successive stages. -- Man Friday, a person wholly subservient to the will of another, like Robinson Crusoe's servant Friday. -- Man of straw, a puppet; one who is controlled by others; also, one who is not responsible pecuniarily. -- Man-of-the earth (Bot.), a twining plant (Ipom\'d2a pandurata) with leaves and flowers much like those of the morning-glory, but having an immense tuberous farinaceous root. -- Man of war. (a) A warrior; a soldier. Shak. (b) (Naut.) See in the Vocabulary. -- To be one's own man, to have command of one's self; not to be subject to another.

Man

Man (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manning.]

1. To supply with men; to furnish with a sufficient force or complement of men, as for management, service, defense, or the like; to guard; as, to man a ship, boat, or fort.

See how the surly Warwick mans the wall ! Shak.
They man their boats, and all their young men arm. Waller.

2. To furnish with strength for action; to prepare for efficiency; to fortify. "Theodosius having manned his soul with proper reflections." Addison.

3. To tame, as a hawk. [R.] Shak.

4. To furnish with a servants. [Obs.] Shak.

5. To wait on as a manservant. [Obs.] Shak. &hand; In "Othello," V. ii. 270, the meaning is uncertain, being, perhaps: To point, to aim, or to manage. To man a yard (Naut.), to send men upon a yard, as for furling or reefing a sail. -- To man the yards (Naut.), to station men on the yards as a salute or mark of respect.

Manable

Man"a*ble (?), a. Marriageable.[Obs.]

Manace

Man"ace (?), n. & v. Same as Menace. [Obs.]

Manacle

Man"a*cle (?), n. [OE. manicle, OF. manicle, F. manicle sort glove, manacle, L. manicula a little hand, dim. of manus hand; cf. L. manica sleeve, manacle, fr.manus. See Manual.] A handcuff; a shackle for the hand or wrist; -- usually in the plural.
Doctrine unto fools is as fetters on the feet, and like manacles on the right hand. Ecclus. xxi. 19.

Manacle

Man"a*cle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manacled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manacling (?).] To put handcuffs or other fastening upon, for confining the hands; to shackle; to confine; to restrain from the use of the limbs or natural powers.
Is it thus you use this monarch, to manacle and shackle him hand and foot ? Arbuthnot.

Manage

Man"age (?), n. [F. man\'8age, It. maneggio, fr. maneggiare to manage, fr. L.manushand. Perhaps somewhat influenced by F. m\'82nage housekeeping, OF. mesnage, akin to E. mansion. See Manual, and cf. Manege.] The handling or government of anything, but esp. of a horse; management; administration. See Manege. [Obs.]
Young men, in the conduct and manage of actions, embrace more than they can hold. Bacon.
Down, down I come; like glistering Pha\'89thon
Wanting the manage of unruly jades. Shak.
The unlucky manage of this fatal brawl. Shak.
&hand; This word, in its limited sense of management of a horse, has been displaced by manege; in its more general meaning, by management.

Manage

Man"age (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Managed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Managing (?).] [From Manage, n.]

1. To have under control and direction; to conduct; to guide; to administer; to treat; to handle.

Long tubes are cumbersome, and scarce to be easily managed. Sir I. Newton.
What wars Imanage, and what wreaths I gain. Prior.

2. Hence: Esp., to guide by careful or delicate treatment; to wield with address; to make subservient by artful conduct; to bring around cunningly to one's plans.

It was so much his interest to manage his Protestant subjects. Addison
.
It was not her humor to manage those over whom she had gained an ascendant. Bp. Hurd.

3. To train in the manege, as a horse; to exercise in graceful or artful action.

4. To treat with care; to husband. Dryden.

5. To bring about; to contrive. Shak. Syn. -- To direct; govern; control; wield; order; contrive; concert; conduct; transact.

Manage

Man"age, v. i. To direct affairs; to carry on business or affairs; to administer.
Leave them to manage for thee. Dryden
.

Manageability

Man`age*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being manageable; manageableness.

Manageable

Man"age*a*ble (?), a. Such as can be managed or used; suffering control; governable; tractable; subservient; as, a manageable horse. Syn. -- Governable; tractable; controllable; docile. -- Man"age*a*ble*ness, n. -- Man"age*a*bly, adv.

Manageless

Man"age*less, a. Unmanageable.[R.]

Management

Man"age*ment (?), n. [From Manage, v.]

1. The act or art of managing; the manner of treating, directing, carrying on, or using, for a purpose; conduct; administration; guidance; control; as, the management of a family or of a farm; the management of state affairs. "The management of the voice." E. Porter.

2. Business dealing; negotiation; arrangement.

He had great managements with ecclesiastics. Addison
.

3. Judicious use of means to accomplish an end; conduct directed by art or address; skillful treatment; cunning practice; -- often in a bad sense.

Mark with what management their tribes divide Some stick to you, and some to t'other side. Dryden.

4. The collective body of those who manage or direct any enterprise or interest; the board of managers. Syn. -- Conduct; administration; government; direction; guidance; care; charge; contrivance; intrigue.

Manager

Man"a*ger (?), n.

1. One who manages; a conductor or director; as, the manager of a theater.

A skillful manager of the rabble. South.

2. A person who conducts business or household affairs with economy and frugality; a good economist.

A prince of great aspiring thoughts; in the main, a manager of his treasure. Sir W. Temple.

3. A contriver; an intriguer. Shak.

Managerial

Man`a*ge"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to management or a manager; as, managerial qualities. "Managerial responsibility." C. Bront\'82.

Managership

Man"a*ger*ship (?), n. The office or position of a manager.

Managery

Man"age*ry (?), n. [Cf. OF. menagerie, mesnagerie. See Manage, n., and cf. Menagerie.]

1. Management; manner of using; conduct; direction.

2. Husbandry; economy; frugality. Bp. Burnet.

Manakin

Man"a*kin (?), n. [Cf. F. & G. manakin; prob. the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous small birds belonging to Pipra, Manacus, and other genera of the family Piprid\'91. They are mostly natives of Central and South America. some are bright-colored, and others have the wings and tail curiously ornamented. The name is sometimes applied to related birds of other families.

Manakin

Man"a*kin, n. A dwarf. See Manikin. Shak.

Manatee

Man`a*tee" (?), n. [Sp. manat\'a1, from the native name in Hayti. Cf. Lamantin.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Trichechus, a genus of sirenians; -- called alsosea cow. [Written also manaty, manati.] &hand; One species (Trichechus Senegalensis) inhabits the west coast of Africa; another (T. Americanus) inhabits the east coast of South America, and the West-Indies. The Florida manatee (T. latirostris) is by some considered a distinct species, by others it is thought to be a variety of T. Americanus. It sometimes becomes fifteen feet or more in length, and lives both in fresh and salt water. It is hunted for its oil and flesh.

Manation

Ma*na"tion (?), n.[L.manatio, fr. manare to flow.] The act of issuing or flowing out. [Obs.]

Manbote

Man"bote` (?), n. [AS. man man, vassal + b&omac;t recompense.] (Anglo-Saxon Law) A sum paid to a lord as a pecuniary compensation for killing his man (that is, his vassal, servant, or tenant). Spelman.

Manca

Man"ca (?), n. [LL.] See Mancus.

Manche

Manche (?), n. [Also maunch.] [F. manche, fr. L. manica. See Manacle.] A sleeve. [Obs.]

Manchet

Man"chet (?), n. Fine white bread; a loaf of fine bread. [Archaic] Bacon. Tennyson.

Manchineel

Man`chi*neel" (?), n. [Sp. manzanillo, fr. manzana an apple, fr. L. malum Matianum a kind of apple. So called from its apple-like fruit.] (Bot.) A euphorbiaceous tree (Hippomane Mancinella) of tropical America, having a poisonous and blistering milky juice, and poisonous acrid fruit somewhat resembling an apple. Bastard manchineel, a tree (Cameraria latifolia) of the East Indies, having similar poisonous properties. Lindley.

Manchu

Man*chu" (?), a. [Written also Manchoo, Mantchoo, etc.] Of or pertaining to Manchuria or its inhabitants. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Manchuria; also, the language spoken by the Manchus.

Mancipate

Man"ci*pate (?), v. t. [L. mancipatus, p. p. of mancipare to sell. Cf. Emancipate.] To enslave; to bind; to restrict. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Mancipation

Man`ci*pa"tion (?), n. [L. mancipatio a transfer.] Slavery; involuntary servitude. [Obs.] Johnson.

Manciple

Man"ci*ple (?), n. [From OF. mancipe slave, servant (with l inserted, as in participle), fr. L. mancipium. See Mancipate.] A steward; a purveyor, particularly of a college or Inn of Court. Chaucer.

Mancona bark

Man*co"na bark` (?). See Sassy bark.

Mancus

Man"cus (?), n. [AS.] An old Anglo Saxon coin both of gold and silver, and of variously estimated values. The silver mancus was equal to about one shilling of modern English money.

-mancy

-man`cy (?). [Gr. -mancie.] A combining form denoting divination; as, aleuromancy, chiromancy, necromancy, etc.

Mand

Mand (?), n. A demand. [Obs.] See Demand.

Mandamus

Man*da"mus (?), n. [L., we command, fr. mandare to command.] (Law) A writ issued by a superior court and directed to some inferior tribunal, or to some corporation or person exercising authority, commanding the performance of some specified duty.

Mandarin

Man`da*rin" (?), n. [Pg. mandarim, from Malay mantr\'c6 minister of state, prop. a Hind. word, fr. Skr. mantrin a counselor, manira a counsel, man to think.]

1. A Chinese public officer or nobleman; a civil or military official in China and Annam.

2. (Bot.) A small orange, with easily separable rind. It is thought to be of Chinese origin, and is counted a distinct species (Citrus nobilis)<-- also mandarin orange; tangerine -->. Mandarin duck (Zo\'94l.), a beautiful Asiatic duck (Dendronessa galericulata), often domesticated, and regarded by the Chinese as an emblem of conjugal affection. -- Mandarin language, the spoken or colloquial language of educated people in China. -- Mandarin yellow (Chem.), an artificial aniline dyestuff used for coloring silk and wool, and regarded as a complex derivative of quinoline.

Mandarinate

Man`da*rin"ate (?), n. The collective body of officials or persons of rank in China. S. W. Williams.
Page 890

Mandarinic

Man`da*rin"ic (?), a. Appropriate or peculiar to a mandarin.

Mandarining

Man`da*rin"ing, n. (Dyeing) The process of giving an orange color to goods formed of animal tissue, as silk or wool, not by coloring matter, but by producing a certain change in the fiber by the action of dilute nitric acid. Tomlinson.

Mandarinism

Man`da*rin"ism (?), n. A government mandarins; character or spirit of the mandarins. F. Lieder.

Mandatary

Man"da*ta*ry (?), n. [L. mandatarius, fr. mandatum a charge, commission, order: cf. F. mandataire. See Mandate.]

1. One to whom a command or charge is given; hence, specifically, a person to whom the pope has, by his prerogative, given a mandate or order for his benefice. Ayliffe.

2. (Law) One who undertakes to discharge a specific business commission; a mandatory. Wharton.

Mandate

Man"date (?), n. [L. mandatum, fr. mandare to commit to one's charge, order, orig., to put into one's hand; manus hand + dare to give: cf. F. mandat. See Manual, Date a time, and cf. Commend, Maundy Thursday.]

1. An official or authoritative command; an order or injunction; a commission; a judicial precept.

This dream all-powerful Juno; I bear Her mighty mandates, and her words you hear. Dryden.

2. (Canon Law) A rescript of the pope, commanding an ordinary collator to put the person therein named in possession of the first vacant benefice in his collation.

3. (Scots Law) A contract by which one employs another to manage any business for him. By the Roman law, it must have been gratuitous. Erskine.

Mandator

Man*da"tor (?), n. [L.]

1. A director; one who gives a mandate or order. Ayliffe.

2. (Rom. Law) The person who employs another to perform a mandate. Bouvier.

Mandatory

Man"da*to*ry (?), a. [L. mandatorius.] Containing a command; preceptive; directory.

Mandatory

Man"da*to*ry, n. Same as Mandatary.

Mandelate

Man"del*ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of mandelic acid.

Mandelic

Man*del"ic (?), a. [G. mandel almond.] (Chem.) Pertaining to an acid first obtained from benzoic aldehyde (oil of better almonds), as a white crystalline substance; -- called also phenyl glycolic acid.

Mander

Man"der (?), v. t. & i. See Maunder.

Manderil

Man"der*il (?), n. A mandrel.

Mandible

Man"di*ble (?), n. [L. mandibula, mandibulum, fr. mandere to chew. Cf. Manger.]

1. (Anat.) The bone, or principal bone, of the lower jaw; the inferior maxilla; -- also applied to either the upper or the lower jaw in the beak of birds.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The anterior pair of mouth organs of insects, crustaceaus, and related animals, whether adapted for biting or not. See Illust. of Diptera.

Mandibular

Man*dib"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. mandibulaire.] Of or pertaining to a mandible; like a mandible. -- n. The principal mandibular bone; the mandible. Mandibular arch (Anat.), the most anterior visceral arch, -- that in which the mandible is developed.

Mandibulate, Mandibulated

Man*dib"u*late (?), Man*dib"u*la`ted (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Provided with mandibles adapted for biting, as many insects.

Mandibulate

Man*dib"u*late (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An insect having mandibles.

Mandibuliform

Man`di*bu"li*form (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the form of a mandible; -- said especially of the maxill\'91 of an insect when hard and adapted for biting.

Mandibulohyoid

Man*dib`u*lo*hy"oid (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining both to the mandibular and the hyoid arch, or situated between them.

Mandil

Man"dil (?), n. [OF. mandil; cf. Sp. & Pg. mandil a coarse apron, a haircloth; all from Ar. mandil tablecloth, handkerchief, mantle, fr. LGr. mantile, mantele. See Mantle.] A loose outer garment worn the 16th and 17th centuries.

Mandilion

Man*dil"ion (?), n. See Mandil. Chapman.

Mandingos

Man*din"gos (?), n. pl.; sing. Mandingo. (Ethnol.) An extensive and powerful tribe of West African negroes.

Mandioc, Mandioca

Man"di*oc (?), Man`di*o"ca (?), n. (Bot.) See Manioc.

Mandlestone

Man"dle*stone` (?), n. [G. mandelstein almond stone.] (Min.) Amygdaloid.

Mandment

Mand"ment (?), n. Commandment. [Obs.]

Mandolin, Mandoline

Man"do*lin, Man"do*line (?), n. [F. mandoline, It. mandolino, dim. of mandola, fr. L. pandura. See Bandore.] (Mus.) A small and beautifully shaped instrument resembling the lute.

Mandore

Man"dore (?), n. [See Mandolin, and Bandore.] (Mus.) A kind of four-stringed lute.

Mandragora

Man*drag"o*ra (?), n. [L., mandragoras the mandrake.] (Bot.) A genus of plants; the mandrake. See Mandrake, 1.

Mandragorite

Man*drag"o*rite (?), n. One who habitually intoxicates himself with a narcotic obtained from mandrake.

Mandrake

Man"drake (?), n. [AS. mandragora, L. mandragoras, fr. Gr. mandragore.]

1. (Bot.) A low plant (Mandragora officinarum) of the Nightshade family, having a fleshy root, often forked, and supposed to resemble a man. It was therefore supposed to have animal life, and to cry out when pulled up. All parts of the plant are strongly narcotic. It is found in the Mediterranean region.

And shrieks like mandrakes, torn out of the earth, That living mortals, hearing them, run mad. Shak.
&hand; The mandrake of Scripture was perhaps the same plant, but proof is wanting.

2. (Bot.) The May apple (Podophyllum peltatum). See May apple under May, and Podophyllum. [U.S.]

Mandrel

Man"drel (?), n. [F. mandrin, prob. through (assumed) LL. mamphurinum, fr. L. mamphur a bow drill.] (Mach.) (a) A bar of metal inserted in the work to shape it, or to hold it, as in a lathe, during the process of manufacture; an arbor. (b) The live spindle of a turning lathe; the revolving arbor of a circular saw. It is usually driven by a pulley. [Written also manderil.] Mandrel lathe, a lathe with a stout spindle, adapted esp. for chucking, as for forming hollow articles by turning or spinning.

Mandrill

Man"drill (?), n. [Cf. F. mandrille, Sp. mandril, It. mandrillo; prob. the native name in Africa. Cf. Drill an ape.] (Zo\'94l.) a large West African baboon (Cynocephalus, ∨ Papio, mormon). The adult male has, on the sides of the nose, large, naked, grooved swellings, conspicuously striped with blue and red.

Manducable

Man"du*ca*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. manducable. See Manducate.] Such as can be chewed; fit to be eaten. [R.]
Any manducable creature. Sir T. Herbert.

Manducate

Man"du*cate (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manducated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manducating (?).] [L. manducatus, p. p. of manducare to chew. See Manger.] To masticate; to chew; to eat. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

Manducation

Man`du*ca"tion (?), n. [L. manducatio: cf. F. manducation.] The act of chewing. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

Manducatory

Man"du*ca*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to, or employed in, chewing.

Manducus

Man*du"cus (?), n. [L., fr. manducare to chew.] (Gr. & Rom. Antiq.) A grotesque mask, representing a person chewing or grimacing, worn in processions and by comic actors on the stage.

Mane

Mane (?), n. [AS. manu; akin to OD. mane, D. maan, G. m\'84hne, OHG. mana, Icel. m\'94n, Dan. & Sw. man, AS. mene necklace, Icel. men, L. monile, Gr. many\'be neck muscles. &root;275.] The long and heavy hair growing on the upper side of, or about, the neck of some quadrupedal animals, as the horse, the lion, etc. See Illust. of Horse.

Man-eater

Man"-eat`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One who, or that which, has an appetite for human flesh; specifically, one of certain large sharks (esp. Carcharodon Rondeleti); also, a lion or a tiger which has acquired the habit of feeding upon human flesh.

Maned

Maned (?), a. Having a mane. Maned seal (Zo\'94l.), the sea lion. -- Maned sheep (Zo\'94l.), the aoudad.

Manege

Ma*nege" (?; 277), n. [F. man\'8age. See Manage, n.]

1. Art of horsemanship, or of training horses

2. A school for teaching horsemanship, and for training horses. Chesterfield.

Maneh

Ma"neh (?), n. [Heb. m\'beneh.] A Hebrew weight for gold or silver, being one hundred shekels of gold and sixty shekels of silver. Ezek. xlv. 12.

Maneless

Mane"less (?), a. Having no mane. Maneless lion (Zo\'94l.), a variety of the lion having a short, inconspicuous mane. It inhabits Arabia and adjacent countries.

Manequin

Man"e*quin (?), n. [See Manikin.] An artist's model of wood or other material.

Manerial

Ma*ne"ri*al (?), a. See Manorial.

Manes

Ma"nes (?), n. pl. [L.] (Rom. Antiq.) The benevolent spirits of the dead, especially of dead ancestors, regarded as family deities and protectors.
Hail, O ye holy manes! Dryden.

Manesheet

Mane"sheet` (?), n. A covering placed over the upper part of a horse's head.

Maneuver, Man\'d2uvre

Ma*neu"ver, Ma*n\'d2u"vre (?), n. [F. man\'d2uvre, OF. manuevre, LL. manopera, lit., hand work, manual labor; L.manus hand + opera, fr. opus work. See Manual, Operate, and cf. Mainor, Manure.]

1. Management; dexterous movement; specif., a military or naval evolution, movement, or change of position.

2. Management with address or artful design; adroit proceeding; stratagem.

Maneuver, Man\'d2uvre

Ma*neu"ver, Ma*n\'d2u"vre, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Maneuvered (#) or Man\'d2uvred; p. pr. & vb. n. Maneuvering (, or Man\'d2uvring (.] [Cf. F. man\'d2uvrer. See Maneuver, n.]

1. To perform a movement or movements in military or naval tactics; to make changes in position with reference to getting advantage in attack or defense.

2. To manage with address or art; to scheme.

Maneuver, Man\'d2uvre

Ma*neu"ver, Ma*n\'d2u"vre, v. t. To change the positions of, as of troops of ships.

Maneuverer, Man\'d2uvrer

Ma*neu"ver*er (?), Ma*n\'d2u"vrer (?), n. One who maneuvers.
This charming widow Beaumont is a nan\'d2uvrer. We can't well make an English word of it. Miss Edgeworth.

Manful

Man"ful (?), a. Showing manliness, or manly spirit; hence, brave, courageous, resolute, noble. " Manful hardiness." Chaucer. -- Man"ful*ly, adv. -- Man"ful*ness, n.

Mamgabey

Mam"ga*bey (?), n. [So called by Buffon from Mangaby, in Madagascar, where he erroneously supposed them be native.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several African monkeys of the genus Cercocebus, as the sooty mangabey (C. fuliginosus), which is sooty black. [Also written mangaby.]

Mangan

Man"gan (?), n. See Mangonel.

Manganate

Man"ga*nate (?), n. [Cf. F. manganate.] (Chem.) A salt of manganic acid. &hand; The manganates are usually green, and are wellknown compounds, though derived from a hypothetical acid.

Manganesate

Man`ga*ne"sate (?), n. (Chem.) A manganate. [Obs.]

Manganese

Man`ga*nese" (?), n. [F. mangan\'8ase, It. mamaganese, sasso magnesio; prob. corrupted from L. magnes, because of its resemblance to the magnet. See Magnet, and cf. Magnesia.] (Chem.) An element obtained by reduction of its oxide, as a hard, grayish white metal, fusible with difficulty, but easily oxidized. Its ores occur abundantly in nature as the minerals pyrolusite, manganite, etc. Symbol Mn. Atomic weight 54.8. &hand; An alloy of manganese with iron (called ferromanganese) is used to increase the density and hardness of steel. Black oxide of manganese, Manganese dioxide ∨ peroxide, ∨ Black manganese (Chem.), a heavy black powder MnO2, occurring native as the mineral pyrolusite, and valuable as a strong oxidizer; -- called also familiarly manganese. It colors glass violet, and is used as a decolorizer to remove the green tint of impure glass. Manganese bronze, an alloy made by adding from one to two per cent of manganese to the copper and zinc used in brass.

Manganesian

Man`ga*ne"sian (?), a. [Cf. F. mangan\'82sien.] (Chem.) Manganic. [R.]

Manganesic

Man`ga*ne"sic (?), a. [Cf. F. mangan\'82sique.] (Chem.) Manganic. [Obs.]

Manganesious

Man`ga*ne"sious (?), a. (Chem.) Manganous.

Manganesium

Man`ga*ne"si*um (?), n. [NL.] Manganese.

Manganesous

Man`ga*ne"sous (?), a. (Chem.) Manganous.

Manganic

Man`gan"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. manganique.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to resembling, or containing, manganese; specif., designating compounds in which manganese has a higher valence as contrasted with manganous compounds. Cf. Manganous. Manganic acid, an acid, H2MnO4, formed from manganese, analogous to sulphuric acid.

Manganiferous

Man`ga*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Manganese + -ferous.] Containing manganese.

Manganite

Man"ga*nite (?), n.

1. (Min.) One of the oxides of manganese; -- called also gray manganese ore. It occurs in brilliant steel-gray or iron-black crystals, also massive.

2. (Chem.) A compound of manganese dioxide with a metallic oxide; so called as though derived from the hypothetical manganous acid.

Manganium

Man*ga"ni*um (?), n. [NL.] Manganese.

Manganous

Man"ga*nous (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, designating, those compounds of manganese in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with manganic compounds; as, manganous oxide. Manganous acid, a hypothetical compound analogous to sulphurous acid, and forming the so-called manganites.

Mangcorn

Mang"corn` (?), n. [OE. mengen to mix. See Mingle, and Corn.] A mixture of wheat and rye, or other species of grain. [Prov Eng.]

Mange

Mange (?), n. [See Mangy.] (Vet.) The scab or itch in cattle, dogs, and other beasts. Mange insect (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small parasitic mites, which burrow in the skin of cattle. horses, dogs, and other animals, causing the mange. The mange insect of the horse (Psoroptes, ∨ Dermatodectes, equi), and that of cattle (Symbiotes, ∨ Dermatophagys, bovis) are the most important species. See Acarina.

Mangel-wurzel

Man"gel-wur`zel (?), n. [G., corrupted fr. mangoldwurzel; mangold beet + wurzel root.] (Bot.) A kind of large field beet (B. macrorhiza), used as food for cattle, -- by some considered a mere variety of the ordinary beet. See Beet. [Written also mangold-wurzel.] <-- Insert: Illustr. of Mangel-Wurzel -->

Manger

Man"ger (?), n. [F. mangeoire, fr. manger to eat, fr. L. manducare, fr. mandere to chew. Cf. Mandible, Manducate.]

1. A trough or open box in which fodder is placed for horses or cattle to eat.

2. (Naut.) The fore part of the deck, having a bulkhead athwart ships high enough to prevent water which enters the hawse holes from running over it.

Mangily

Man"gi*ly (?), adv. In a mangy manner; scabbily.

Manginess

Man"gi*ness, n. [From Mangy.] The condition or quality of being mangy.

Mangle

Man"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mangled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mangling (?).] [A frequentative fr. OE. manken to main, AS. mancian, in bemancian to mutilate, fr. L. mancus maimed; perh. akin to G. mangeln to be wanting.]

1. To cut or bruise with repeated blows or strokes, making a ragged or torn wound, or covering with wounds; to tear in cutting; to cut in a bungling manner; to lacerate; to mutilate.

Mangled with ghastly wounds through plate and mail. Milton.

2. To mutilate or injure, in making, doing, or pertaining; as, to mangle a piece of music or a recitation.

To mangle a play or a novel. Swift.

Mangle

Man"gle, n. [D. mangel, fr. OE. mangonel a machine for throwing stones, LL. manganum, Gr. Mangonel.] A machine for smoothing linen or cotton cloth, as sheets, tablecloths, napkins, and clothing, by roller pressure. Mangle rack (Mach.), a contrivance for converting continuous circular motion into reciprocating rectilinear motion, by means of a rack and pinion, as in the mangle. The pinion is held to the rack by a groove in such a manner that it passes alternately from one side of the rack to the other, and thus gives motion to it in opposite directions, according to the side in which its teeth are engaged. -- Mangle wheel, a wheel in which the teeth, or pins, on its face, are interrupted on one side, and the pinion, working in them, passes from inside to outside of the teeth alternately, thus converting the continuous circular motion of the pinion into a reciprocating circular motion of the wheel.
Page 891

Mangle

Man"gle (?), v. t. [Cf. D. mangelen. See Mangle, n.] To smooth with a mangle, as damp linen or cloth.

Mangler

Man"gler (?), n. [See 1st Mangle.] One who mangles or tears in cutting; one who mutilates any work in doing it.

Mangler

Man"gler, n. [See 3d Mangle.] One who smooths with a mangle.

Mango

Man"go (?), n.; pl. Mangoes (#). [Pg. manga, fr. Tamil m\'benk\'bey.]

1. The fruit of the mango tree. It is rather larger than an apple, and of an ovoid shape. Some varieties are fleshy and luscious, and others tough and tasting of turpentine. The green fruit is pickled for market.

2. A green muskmelon stuffed and pickled. Mango bird (Zo\'94l.), an oriole (Oriolus kundoo), native of India. -- Mango fish (Zo\'94l.), a fish of the Ganges (Polynemus risua), highly esteemed for food. It has several long, slender filaments below the pectoral fins. It appears about the same time with the mango fruit, in April and May, whence the name. -- Mango tree (Bot.), an East Indian tree of the genus Mangifera (M. Indica), related to the cashew and the sumac. It grows to a large size, and produces the mango of commerce. It is now cultivated in tropical America.

Mangoldwurzel

Man"gold*wur`zel (?), n. [G.] (Bot.) See Mangel-wurzel.

Mangonel

Man"go*nel (?), n. [OF. mangonel, LL. manganellus, manganum, fr. Gr. Mangle, n.] A military engine formerly used for throwing stones and javelins.

Mangonism

Man"go*nism (?), n. The art of mangonizing, or setting off to advantage. [Obs.]

Mangonist

Man"go*nist (?), n.

1. One who mangonizes. (Zo\'94l.)

2. A slave dealer; also, a strumpet. [Obs.]

Mangonize

Man"go*nize (?), v. t. [L. mangonizare, fr. mango a dealer in slaves or wares, to which he tries to give an appearance of greater value by decking them out or furbishing them up.] To furbish up for sale; to set off to advantage. [Obs. or R.] B. Jonson.

Mangosteen, Mangostan

Man"go*steen (?), Man"go*stan (?), n. [Malay mangusta, mangis.] (Bot.) A tree of the East Indies of the genus Garcinia (G. Mangostana). The tree grows to the height of eighteen feet, and bears fruit also called mangosteen, of the size of a small apple, the pulp of which is very delicious food.

Mangrove

Man"grove (?), n. [Malay manggi-manggi.]

1. (Bot.) The name of one or two trees of the genus Rhizophora (R. Mangle, and R. mucronata, the last doubtfully distinct) inhabiting muddy shores of tropical regions, where they spread by emitting a\'89rial roots, which fasten in the saline mire and eventually become new stems. The seeds also send down a strong root while yet attached to the parent plant. &hand; The fruit has a ruddy brown shell, and a delicate white pulp which is sweet and eatable. The bark is astringent, and is used for tanning leather. The black and the white mangrove (Avicennia nitida and A. tomentosa) have much the same habit.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The mango fish.

Mangue

Mangue (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) The kusimanse.

Mangy

Man"gy (?), a. [Compar. Mangier (?); superl. Mangiest.] [F. mang\'82, p. p. of manger to eat. See Manger.] Infected with the mange; scabby.

Manhaden

Man*ha"den (?), n. See Menhaden.

Manhead

Man"head (?), n. Manhood. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Manhole

Man"hole` (?), n. A hole through which a man may descend or creep into a drain, sewer, steam boiler, parts of machinery, etc., for cleaning or repairing.

Manhood

Man"hood, n. [Man- + -hood.]

1. The state of being man as a human being, or man as distinguished from a child or a woman.

2. Manly quality; courage; bravery; resolution.

I am ashamed That thou hast power to shake my manhood thus. Shak.

Mania

Ma"ni*a (?), n. [L. mania, Gr. manie, F. manie. Cf. Mind, n., Necromancy.]

1. Violent derangement of mind; madness; insanity. Cf. Delirium.

2. Excessive or unreasonable desire; insane passion affecting one or many people; as, the tulip mania. Mania a potu [L.], madness from drinking; delirium tremens. Syn. -- Insanity; derangement; madness; lunacy; alienation; aberration; delirium; frenzy. See Insanity.

Maniable

Man"i*a*ble (?), a. [F., fr. manier to manage, fr. L. manus hand.] Manageable. [Obs.] Bacon.

Maniac

Ma"ni*ac (?), a. [F. maniaque. See Mania.] Raving with madness; raging with disordered intellect; affected with mania; mad.

Maniac

Ma"ni*ac (?), n. A raving lunatic; a madman.

Maniacal

Ma*ni"a*cal (?), a. Affected with, or characterized by, madness; maniac. -- Ma*ni"a*cal*ly, adv.

Manicate

Man"i*cate (?), a. [L. manicatus sleeved, fr. manica a sleeve.] (Bot.) Covered with hairs or pubescence so platted together and interwoven as to form a mass easily removed.

Manich\'91an, Manichean, Manichee

Man`i*ch\'91"an (?), Man`i*che"an, Man"i*chee (?), n. [LL. Manichaeus: cf. F. manich\'82en.] A believer in the doctrines of Manes, a Persian of the third century A. D., who taught a dualism in which Light is regarded as the source of Good, and Darkness as the source of Evil.
The Manich\'91ans stand as representatives of dualism pushed to its utmost development. Tylor.

Manich\'91an, Manichean

Man`i*ch\'91"an, Man`i*che"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Manich\'91ans.

Manich\'91ism, Manicheism

Man"i*ch\'91*ism, Man"i*che*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. manich\'82isme.] The doctrines taught, or system of principles maintained, by the Manich\'91ans.

Manicheist

Man"i*che*ist, n. [Cf. F. manich\'82iste.] Manich\'91an.

Manichord, Manichordon

Man"i*chord (?), Man`i*chor"don (?), [L. monochordon, Gr. Monochord.] (Mus.) The clavichord or clarichord; -- called also dumb spinet.

Manicure

Man"i*cure (?), n. [F., fr. L. manus hand + curare to cure.] A person who makes a business of taking care of people's hands, especially their nails.<-- now called manicurist --> <-- 2. A thorough cosmetic treatment of the hands, especially the trimming and polishing of the fingernails, and removing of cuticles, performed by a manicurist. v. t. (Metaph.) to trim carefully and meticulously, as to manicure a lawn. -->
[Men] who had taken good care of their hands by wearing gloves and availing themselves of the services of a manicure. Pop. Sci. Monthly.

Manid

Ma"nid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of the genus Manis, or family Manid\'91.

Manie

Ma`nie" (?), n. [F. See Mania.] Mania; insanity. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Manifest

Man"i*fest (?), a. [F. manifeste, L. manifestus, lit., struck by the hand, hence, palpable; manus hand + fendere (in comp.) to strike. See Manual, and Defend.]

1. Evident to the senses, esp. to the sight; apparent; distinctly perceived; hence, obvious to the understanding; apparent to the mind; easily apprehensible; plain; not obscure or hidden.

Neither is there any creature that is not manifest in his sight. Heb. iv. 13.
That which may be known of God is manifest in them. Rom. i. 19.
Thus manifest to sight the god appeared. Dryden.

2. Detected; convicted; -- with of. [R.]

Calistho there stood manifest of shame. Dryden.
Syn. -- Open; clear; apparent; evident; visible; conspicuous; plain; obvious. -- Manifest, Clear, Plain, Obvious, Evident. What is clear can be seen readily; what is obvious lies directly in our way, and necessarily arrests our attention; what isevident is seen so clearly as to remove doubt; what is manifest is very distinctly evident.
So clear, so shining, and so evident, That it will glimmer through a blind man's eye. Shak.
Entertained with solitude, Where obvious duty erMilton.
I saw, I saw him manifest in view, His voice, his figure, and his gesture knew. Dryden.

Manifest

Man"i*fest, n.; pl. Manifests (#). [Cf. F. manifeste. See Manifest, a., and cf. Manifesto.]

1. A public declaration; an open statement; a manifesto. See Manifesto. [Obs.]

2. A list or invoice of a ship's cargo, containing a description by marks, numbers, etc., of each package of goods, to be exhibited at the customhouse.<-- = ship's manifest --> Bouvier.

Manifest

Man"i*fest, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manifested (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manifesting.]

1. To show plainly; to make to appear distinctly, -- usually to the mind; to put beyond question or doubt; to display; to exhibit.

There is nothing hid which shall not be manifested. Mark iv. 22.
Thy life did manifest thou lovedst me not. Shak.

2. To exhibit the manifests or prepared invoices of; to declare at the customhouse. Syn. -- To reveal; declare; evince; make known; disclose; discover; display.

Manifestable

Man"i*fest`a*ble (?), a. Such as can be manifested.

Manifestation

Man`i*fes*ta"tion (?), n. [L. manifestatio: cf. F. manifestation.] The act of manifesting or disclosing, or the state of being manifested; discovery to the eye or to the understanding; also, that which manifests; exhibition; display; revelation; as, the manifestation of God's power in creation.
The secret manner in which acts of mercy ought to be performed, requires this public manifestation of them at the great day. Atterbury.

Manifestible

Man"i*fest`i*ble (?), a. Manifestable.

Manifestly

Man"i*fest*ly (?), adv. In a manifest manner.

Manifestness

Man"i*fest*ness, n. The quality or state of being manifest; obviousness.

Manifesto

Man`i*fes"to (?), n.; pl. Manifestoes (#). [It. manifesto. See Manifest, n. & a.] A public declaration, usually of a prince, sovereign, or other person claiming large powers, showing his intentions, or proclaiming his opinions and motives in reference to some act done or contemplated by him; as, a manifesto declaring the purpose of a prince to begin war, and explaining his motives. Bouvier.
it was proposed to draw up a manifesto, setting forth the grounds and motives of our taking arms. Addison
.
Frederick, in a public manifesto, appealed to the Empire against the insolent pretensions of the pope. Milman.

Manifold

Man"i*fold (?), a. [AS. manigfeald. See Many, and Fold.]

1. Various in kind or quality; many in number; numerous; multiplied; complicated.

O Lord, how manifold are thy works! Ps. civ. 24.
I know your manifold transgressions. Amos v. 12.

2. Exhibited at divers times or in various ways; -- used to qualify nouns in the singular number. "The manifold wisdom of God." Eph. iii. 10. "The manifold grace of God." 1 Pet. iv. 10. Manifold writing, a process or method by which several copies, as of a letter, are simultaneously made, sheets of coloring paper being infolded with thin sheets of plain paper upon which the marks made by a stylus or a type-writer are transferred.

Manifold

Man"i*fold (?), n.

1. A copy of a writing made by the manifold process.

2. (Mech.) A cylindrical pipe fitting, having a number of lateral outlets, for connecting one pipe with several others.

3. pl. The third stomach of a ruminant animal. [Local, U.S.]

Manifold

Man"i*fold, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manifolded (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manifolding.] To take copies of by the process of manifold writing; as, to manifold a letter.

Manifolded

Man"i*fold`ed, a. Having many folds, layers, or plates; as, a manifolded shield. [Obs.]

Manifoldly

Man"i*fold`ly, adv. In a manifold manner.

Manifoldness

Man"i*fold`ness, n.

1. Multiplicity. Sherwood.

2. (Math.) A generalized concept of magnitude.

Maniform

Man"i*form (?), a. [L. manus hand + -form.] Shaped like the hand.

Maniglion

Ma*ni"glion (?), n. [It. maniglio, maniglia, bracelet, handle. Cf. Manilio.] (Gun.) Either one of two handles on the back of a piece of ordnance.

Manihoc, Manihot

Man"i*hoc (?), Man"i*hot (?), n. See Manioc.

Manikin

Man"i*kin (?), n. [OD. manneken, dim. of man man. See Man, and -kin.]

1. A little man; a dwarf; a pygmy; a manakin.

2. A model of the human body, made of papier-mache or other material, commonly in detachable pieces, for exhibiting the different parts and organs, their relative position, etc.

Manila, Manilla

Ma*nil"a (?), Ma*nil"la, a. Of or pertaining to Manila or Manilla, the capital of the Philippine Islands; made in, or exported from, that city. Manila cheroot ∨ cigar, a cheroot or cigar made of tobacco grown in the Philippine Islands. -- Manila hemp, a fibrous material obtained from the Musa textilis, a plant allied to the banana, growing in the Philippine and other East India islands; -- called also by the native name abaca. From it matting, canvas, ropes, and cables are made. -- Manila paper, a durable brown or buff paper made of Manila hemp, used as a wrapping paper, and as a cheap printing and writing paper. The name is also given to inferior papers, made of other fiber.

Manilio

Ma*nil"io (?), n. See Manilla, 1. Sir T. Herbert.

Manilla

Ma*nil"la (?), n. [Sp. manilla; cf. It. maniglio, maniglia; F. manille; Pg. manilha; all fr. L. manus hand, and formed after the analogy of L. monile, pl. monilia, necklace: cf. F. manille.]

1. A ring worn upon the arm or leg as an ornament, especially among the tribes of Africa.

2. A piece of copper of the shape of a horseshoe, used as money by certain tribes of the west coast of Africa. Simmonds.

Manilla

Ma*nil"la, a. Same as Manila.

Manille

Ma*nille" (?), n. [F.] See 1st Manilla, 1.

Manioc

Ma"ni*oc (?), n. [Pg. mandioca, fr. Braz.] (Bot.) The tropical plants (Manihot utilissima, and M. Aipi), from which cassava and tapioca are prepared; also, cassava.[Written also mandioc, manihoc, manihot.]

Maniple

Man"i*ple (?), n. [L. manipulus, maniplus, a handful, a certain number of soldiers; manus hand + root of plere to fill, plenus full: cf. F.maniple. See Manual, and Full, a.]

1. A handful. [R.] B. Jonson.

2. A division of the Roman army numbering sixty men exclusive of officers, any small body of soldiers; a company. Milton.

3. Originally, a napkin; later, an ornamental band or scarf worn upon the left arm as a part of the vestments of a priest in the Roman Catholic Church. It is sometimes worn in the English Church service.

Manipular

Ma*nip"u*lar (?), a. [L. manipularis: cf. F. manipulaire.]

1. Of or pertaining to the maniple, or company.

2. Manipulatory; as, manipular operations.

Manipulate

Ma*nip"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manipulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manipulating (?).] [LL. manipulatus, p. p. of manipulare to lead by the hand, fr. L. manipulus. See Maniple.]

1. To treat, work, or operate with the hands, especially when knowledge and dexterity are required; to manage in hand work; to handle; as, to manipulate scientific apparatus.

2. To control the action of, by management; as, to manipulate a convention of delegates; to manipulate the stock market; also, to manage artfully or fraudulently; as, to manipulate accounts, or election returns.

Manipulate

Ma*nip"u*late, v. i. To use the hands in dexterous operations; to do hand work; specifically, to manage the apparatus or instruments used in scientific work, or in artistic or mechanical processes; also, specifically, to use the hand in mesmeric operations.

Manipulation

Ma*nip`u*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. manipulation.]

1. The act or process of manipulating, or the state of being manipulated; the act of handling work by hand; use of the hands, in an artistic or skillful manner, in science or art.

Manipulation is to the chemist like the external senses to the mind. Whewell.

2. The use of the hands in mesmeric operations.

3. Artful management; as, the manipulation of political bodies; sometimes, a management or treatment for purposes of deception or fraud.

Manipulative

Ma*nip"u*la*tive (?), a. Of or pertaining to manipulation; performed by manipulation.

Manipulator

Ma*nip"u*la`tor (?), n. One who manipulates
Page 892

Manipulatory

Ma*nip"u*la*to*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to manipulation.

Manis

Ma"nis (?), n. [NL., fr. L. manes the ghosts or shades of the dead. So called from its dismal appearance, and because it seeks for its food by night.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of edentates, covered with large, hard, triangular scales, with sharp edges that overlap each other like tiles on a roof. They inhabit the warmest parts of Asia and Africa, and feed on ants. Called also Scaly anteater. See Pangolin.

Manito, Manitou, Manitu

Man"i*to (?), Man"i*tou (?), Man"i*tu (?), n. A name given by tribes of American Indians to a great spirit, whether good or evil, or to any object of worship. Tylor.
Gitche Manito the mighty, The Great Spirit, the creator, Smiled upon his helpless children! Longfellow.
Mitche Manito the mighty, He the dreadful Spirit of Evil, As a serpent was depicted. Longfellow.

Manitrunk

Man"i*trunk (?), n. [L. manus hand + E. trunk.] (Zo\'94l.) The anterior segment of the thorax in insects. See Insect.

Mankind

Man`kind" (?), n. [AS. mancynn. See Kin kindred, Kind, n.]

1. The human race; man, taken collectively.

The proper study of mankind is man. Pore.

2. Men, as distinguished from women; the male portion of human race. Lev. xviii. 22.

3. Human feelings; humanity. [Obs] B. Jonson.

Mankind

Man"kind` (?), a. Manlike; not womanly; masculine; bold; cruel. [Obs]
Are women grown so mankind? Must they be wooing? Beau. & Fl.
Be not too mankind against your wife. Chapman.

Manks

Manks (?), a. Of or pertaining to the language or people of the of Man. -- n. The language spoken in the Isle of Man. See Manx.

Manless

Man"less (?), a.

1. Destitute of men. Bakon.

2. Unmanly; inhuman. [Obs.] Chapman.

Manlessly

Man"less*ly, adv. Inhumanly. [Obs.]

Manlike

Man"like` (?), a. [Man + like. Cf. Manly.] Like man, or like a man, in form or nature; having the qualities of a man, esp. the nobler qualities; manly. " Gentle, manlike speech." Testament of Love. " A right manlike man." Sir P. Sidney.
In glaring Chloe's manlike taste and mien. Shenstone.

Manliness

Man"li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being manly.

Manling

Man"ling (?), n. A little man. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Manly

Man"ly, a. [Compar. Manlier (?); superl. Manliest.] [Man + -ly. Cf. Manlike.] Having qualities becoming to a man; not childish or womanish; manlike, esp. brave, courageous, resolute, noble.
Let's briefly put on manly readiness. Shak.
Serene and manly, hardened to sustain The load of life. Dryden.
Syn. -- Bold; daring; brave; courageous; firm; undaunted; hardy; dignified; stately.

Manly

Man"ly, adv. In a manly manner; with the courage and fortitude of a manly man; as, to act manly.

Manna

Man"na (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. m\'ben; cf. Ar. mann, properly, gift (of heaven).]

1. (Script.) The food supplied to the Israelites in their journey through the wilderness of Arabia; hence, divinely supplied food. Ex. xvi. 15.

2. (Bot.) A name given to lichens of the genus Lecanora, sometimes blown into heaps in the deserts of Arabia and Africa, and gathered and used as food.

3. (Bot. & Med.) A sweetish exudation in the form of pale yellow friable flakes, coming from several trees and shrubs and used in medicine as a gentle laxative, as the secretion of Fraxinus Ornus, and F. rotundifolia, the manna ashes of Southern Europe. &hand; Persian manna is the secretion of the camel's thorn (see Camel's thorn, under Camel); Tamarisk manna, that of the Tamarisk mannifera, a shrub of Western Asia; Australian, manna, that of certain species of eucalyptus; Brian\'87on manna, that of the European larch. Manna grass (Bot.), a name of several tall slender grasses of the genus Glyceria. they have long loose panicles, and grow in moist places. Nerved manna grass is Glyceria nervata, and Floating manna grass is G. flu. -- Manna insect (Zo\'94l), a scale insect (Gossyparia mannipara), which causes the exudation of manna from the Tamarisk tree in Arabia.

Manna croup

Man"na croup` (?). [Manna + Russ. & Pol. krupa groats, grits.]

1. The portions of hard wheat kernels not ground into flour by the millstones: a kind of semolina prepared in Russia and used for puddings, soups, etc. -- called also manna groats.

2. The husked grains of manna grass.

Manner

Man"ner (?), n. [OE. manere, F. mani\'8are, from OF. manier, adj., manual, skillful, handy, fr. (assumed) LL. manarius, for L. manuarius belonging to the hand, fr. manus the hand. See Manual.]

1. Mode of action; way of performing or effecting anything; method; style; form; fashion.

The nations which thou hast removed, and placed in the cities of Samaria, know not the manner of the God of the land. 2 Kings xvii. 26.
The temptations of prosperity insinuate themselves after a gentle, but very powerful,manner. Atterbury.

2. Characteristic mode of acting, conducting, carrying one's self, or the like; bearing; habitual style. Specifically: (a) Customary method of acting; habit.

Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them. Acts xvii. 2.
Air and manner are more expressive than words. Richardson.
(b) pl. Carriage; behavior; deportment; also, becoming behavior; well-bred carriage and address.
Good manners are made up of petty sacrifices. Emerson.
(c) The style of writing or thought of an author; characteristic peculiarity of an artist.

3. Certain degree or measure; as, it is in a manner done already.

The bread is in a manner common. 1 Sam. xxi.5.

4. Sort; kind; style; -- in this application sometimes having the sense of a plural, sorts or kinds.

Ye tithe mint, and rue, and all manner of herbs. Luke xi. 42.
I bid thee say, What manner of man art thou? Coleridge.
&hand; In old usage, of was often omitted after manner, when employed in this sense. "A manner Latin corrupt was her speech." Chaucer. By any manner of means, in any way possible; by any sort of means. -- To be taken in, ∨ with the manner. [A corruption of to be taken in the mainor. See Mainor.] To be taken in the very act. [Obs.] See Mainor. -- To make one's manners, to make a bow or courtesy; to offer salutation. -- Manners bit, a portion left in a dish for the sake of good manners. Hallwell. Syn. -- Method; mode; custom; habit; fashion; air; look; mien; aspect; appearance. See Method.

Mannered

Man"nered (?), a.

1. Having a certain way, esp a. polite way, of carrying and conducting one's self.

Give her princely training, that she may be Mannered as she is born. Shak.

2. Affected with mannerism; marked by excess of some characteristic peculiarity.

His style is in some degree mannered and confined. Hazlitt.

Mannerism

Man"ner*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. mani\'82risme.] Adherence to a peculiar style or manner; a characteristic mode of action, bearing, or treatment, carried to excess, especially in literature or art.
Mannerism is pardonable,and is sometimes even agreeable, when the manner, though vicious, is natural . . . . But a mannerism which does not sit easy on the mannerist, which has been adopted on principle, and which can be sustained only by constant effort, is always offensive. Macaulay.

Mannerist

Man"ner*ist, n. [Cf. F. mani\'82riste.] One addicted to mannerism; a person who, in action, bearing, or treatment, carries characteristic peculiarities to excess. See citation under Mannerism.

Mannerliness

Man"ner*li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being mannerly; civility; complaisance. Sir M. Hale.

Mannerly

Man"ner*ly, a. Showing good manners; civil; respectful; complaisant.
What thou thinkest meet, and is most mannerly. Shak.

Mannerly

Man"ner*ly, adv. With good manners. Shak.

Mannheim gold

Mann"heim gold" (?). [From Mannheim in Germany, where much of it was made.] A kind of brass made in imitation of gold. It contains eighty per cent of copper and twenty of zinc. Ure.

Mannide

Man"nide (?), n. [Mannite + anhydride.] (Chem.) A white amorphous or crystalline substance, obtained by dehydration of mannite, and distinct from, but convertible into, mannitan.

Mannish

Man"nish (?), a. [Man + -ish: cf. AS. mennisc, menisc.]

1. Resembling a human being in form or nature; human. Chaucer.

But yet it was a figure Most like to mannish creature. Gower.

2. Resembling, suitable to, or characteristic of, a man, manlike, masculine. Chaucer.

A woman impudent and mannish grown. Shak.

3. Fond of men; -- said of a woman. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Man"nish*ly (#),adv. -- Man"nish*ness, n.

Mannitan

Man"ni*tan (?), n. [Mannite + anhydrite.] (Chem.) A white amorphous or crystalline substance obtained by the partial dehydration of mannite.

Mannitate

Man"ni*tate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of mannitic acid.

Mannite

Man"nite (?), n. [Cf. F. mannite.]

1. (Chem.) A white crystalline substance of a sweet taste obtained from a so-called manna, the dried sap of the flowering ash (Fraxinus ornus); -- called also mannitol, and hydroxy hexane. Cf. Dulcite. <-- (MI11) HO.CH2.(CHOH)4.CH2.OH = D-mannitol; manna sugar; cordycepic acid; Diosmol; Mannicol; Mannidex; Osmiktrol; Osmosal. -- used in pharmacy as excipient and diluent for solids and liquids. Used as a food additive for anti-caking properties, or as a sweetener. Also used to "cut" (dilute) illegal drugs such as cocaine or heroin. ("excipient" use) -->

2. (Bot.) A sweet white efflorescence from dried fronds of kelp, especially from those of the Laminaria saccharina, or devil's apron.

Mannitic

Man*nit"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, resembling, or derived from, mannite. Mannitic acid (Chem.), a white amorphous substance, intermediate between saccharic acid and mannite, and obtained by the partial oxidation of the latter.

Mannitol

Man"ni*tol (?), n. [Mannite + -ol.] (Chem.) The technical name of mannite. See Mannite.

Mannitose

Man"ni*tose` (?), n. (Chem.) A variety of sugar obtained by the partial oxidation of mannite, and closely resembling levulose.

Man\'d2uvre

Ma*n\'d2u"vre (?), n. & v. See Maneuver.

Manofwar

Man`*of*war" (?), n; pl. Men-of-war. A government vessel employed for the purposes of war, esp. one of large size; a ship of war. Man-of-war bird (Zo\'94l.), The frigate bird; also applied to the skua gulls, and to the wandering albatross. -- Man-of-war hawk (Zo\'94l.), the frigate bird. -- Man-of-war's man, a sailor serving in a ship of war. -- Portuguese man-of-war (Zo\'94l.), any species of the genus Physalia. See Physalia.

Manometer

Ma*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter: cf. F. manom\'8atre.] An instrument for measuring the tension or elastic force of gases, steam, etc., constructed usually on the principle of allowing the gas to exert its elastic force in raising a column of mercury in an open tube, or in compressing a portion of air or other gas in a closed tube with mercury or other liquid intervening, or in bending a metallic or other spring so as to set in motion an index; a pressure gauge. See Pressure, and Illust. of Air pump.

Manometric, Manometrical

Man`o*met"ric (?), Man`o*met"ric*al (?), a. [Cf. F. manom\'82trique.] Of or pertaining to the manometer; made by the manometer.

Manor

Man"or (?), n. [OE. maner, OF. maneir habitation, village, F. manoir manor, prop. the OF. inf. maneir to stay, remain, dwell, L. manere, and so called because it was the permanent residence of the lord and of his tenants. See Mansion, and cf. Remain.]

1. (Eng. Law) The land belonging to a lord or nobleman, or so much land as a lord or great personage kept in his own hands, for the use and subsistence of his family.

My manors, rents, revenues, l forego. Shak.
&hand; In these days, a manor rather signifies the jurisdiction and royalty incorporeal, than the land or site, for a man may have a manor in gross, as the law terms it, that is, the right and interest of a court-baron, with the perquisites thereto belonging.

2. (American Law) A tract of land occupied by tenants who pay a free-farm rent to the proprietor, sometimes in kind, and sometimes by performing certain stipulated services. Burrill. Manor house, or Manor seat, the house belonging to a manor.

Manorial

Ma*no"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a manor. " Manorial claims." Paley.

Manoscope

Man"o*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] Same as Manometer.

Manoscopy

Ma*nos"co*py (?), n. The science of the determination of the density of vapors and gases.

Manovery

Ma*no"ver*y (?), n. [See Maneuver.] (Eng. Law) A contrivance or maneuvering to catch game illegally.

Manqueller

Man"quell`er (?), n. A killer of men; a manslayer. [Obs.] Carew.

Manred, Manrent

Man"red (?), Man"rent` (?), n. Homage or service rendered to a superior, as to a lord; vassalage. [Obs. or Scots Law] Jamieson.

Manrope

Man"rope` (?), n. (Naut.) One of the side ropes to the gangway of a ship. Totten.

Mansard roof

Man"sard roof" (?). [So called from its inventor, Fran&cced;ois Mansard, or Mansart, a distinguished French architect, who died in 1666.] (Arch.) A hipped curb roof; that is, a roof having on all sides two slopes, the lower one being steeper than the upper one.

Manse

Manse (?), n. [LL. mansa, mansus, mansum, a farm, fr. L. manere, mansum, to stay, dwell. See Mansion, Manor.]

1. A dwelling house, generally with land attached.

2. The parsonage; a clergyman's house. [Scot.] Capital manse, the manor house, or lord's court.

Manservant

Man"serv`ant (?), n. A male servant.

Mansion

Man"sion (?), n. [OF. mansion, F. maison, fr. L. mansio a staying, remaining, a dwelling, habitation, fr. manere, mansum, to stay, dwell; akin to Gr. Manse, Manor, Menagerie, Menial, Permanent.]

1. A dwelling place, -- whether a part or whole of a house or other shelter. [Obs.]

In my Father's house are many mansions. John xiv. 2.
These poets near our princes sleep, And in one grave their mansions keep. Den

2. The house of the lord of a manor; a manor house; hence: Any house of considerable size or pretension.

3. (Astrol.) A twelfth part of the heavens; a house. See 1st House, 8. Chaucer.

4. The place in the heavens occupied each day by the moon in its monthly revolution. [Obs.]

The eight and twenty mansions That longen to the moon. Chaucer.
Mansion house, the house in which one resides; specifically, in London and some other cities, the official residence of the Lord Mayor. Blackstone.

Mansion

Man"sion, v. i. To dwell; to reside. [Obs.] Mede.

Mansionary

Man"sion*a*ry (?), a. Resident; residentiary; as, mansionary canons.

Mansionry

Man"sion*ry (?), n. The state of dwelling or residing; occupancy as a dwelling place. [Obs.] Shak.

Manslaughter

Man"slaugh`ter (?), n.

1. The slaying of a human being; destruction of men. Milton.

2. (Law) The unlawful killing of a man, either in negligenc

Manslayer

Man"slay`er (?), n. One who kills a human being; one who commits manslaughter.

Manstealer

Man"steal`er (?), n. A person who steals or kidnaps a human being or beings.

Manstealing

Man"steal`ing, n. The act or business of stealing or kidnaping human beings, especially with a view to e

Mansuete

Man"suete (?), a. [L. mansuetus, p. p. of mansuescere to tame; manus hand + suescere to accustom: cf. F. mansuet.] Tame; gentle; kind. [Obs.] Ray.

Mansuetude

Man"sue*tude (?), n. [L. mansuetudo: cf. F.mansu\'82tude.] Tameness; gentleness; mildness. [Archaic]

Manswear

Man"swear` (?), v. i. To swear falsely. Same as Mainswear.

Manta

Man"ta (?), n. [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) See Coleoptera and Sea devil.

Mantchoo

Mant*choo" (?), a. & n. Same as Manchu.

Manteau

Man`teau" (?), n.; pl. F. Manteaux (#), E. Manteaus (#). [F. See Mantle, n.]

1. A woman's cloak or mantle.

2. A gown worn by women. [Obs.]

Mantel

Man"tel (?), n. [The same word as mantle a garment; cf. F. manteau de chemin\'82e. See Mantle.] (Arch.) The finish around a fireplace, covering the chimney-breast in front and sometimes on both sides; especially, a shelf above the fireplace, and its supports. [Written also mantle.]

Mantelet

Man"tel*et (?), n. [F., dim. of manteau, OF. mantel. See Mantle.]

1. (a) A short cloak formerly worn by knights. (b) A short cloak or mantle worn by women.

A mantelet upon his shoulders hanging. Chaucer.

2. (Fort.) A musket-proof shield of rope, wood, or metal, which is sometimes used for the protection of sappers or riflemen while attacking a fortress, or of gunners at embrasures; -- now commonly written mantlet.


Page 893

Mantelpiece

Man"tel*piece` (?), n. Same as Mantel.

Mantelshelf

Man"tel*shelf` (?), n. The shelf of a mantel.

Manteltree

Man"tel*tree` (?), n. (Arch.) The lintel of a fireplace when of wood, as frequently in early houses.

Mantic

Man"tic (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to divination, or to the condition of one inspired, or supposed to be inspired, by a deity; prophetic. [R.] "Mantic fury." Trench.

Mantilla

Man*til"la (?), n. [Sp. See Mantle.]

1. A lady's light cloak of cape of silk, velvet, lace, or the like.

2. A kind of veil, covering the head and falling down upon the shoulders; -- worn in Spain, Mexico, etc.

Mantis

Man"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of voracious orthopterous insects of the genus Mantis, and allied genera. They are remarkable for their slender grotesque forms, and for holding their stout anterior legs in a manner suggesting hands folded in prayer. The common American species is M. Carolina. Mantis shrimp. (Zo\'94l.) See Sguilla.

Mantispid

Man*tis"pid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any neuropterous insect of the genus Mantispa, and allied genera. The larv\'91 feed on plant lice. Also used adjectively. See Illust. under Neuroptera.

Mantissa

Man*tis*sa (?), n. [L., an addition, makeweight; of Tuscan origin.] (Math.) The decimal part of a logarithm, as distinguished from the integral part, or characteristic.

Mantle

Man"tle (?), n. [OE. mantel, OF. mantel, F. manteau, fr. L. mantellum, mantelum, a cloth, napkin, cloak, mantle (cf. mantele, mantile, towel, napkin); prob. from manus hand + the root of tela cloth. See Manual, Textile, and cf. Mandil, Mantel, Mantilla.]

1. A loose garment to be worn over other garments; an enveloping robe; a cloak. Hence, figuratively, a covering or concealing envelope.

[The] children are clothed with mantles of satin. Bacon.
The green mantle of the standing pool. Shak.
Now Nature hangs her mantle green On every blooming tree. Burns.

2. (Her.) Same as Mantling.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The external fold, or folds, of the soft, exterior membrane of the body of a mollusk. It usually forms a cavity inclosing the gills. See Illusts. of Buccinum, and Byssus. (b) Any free, outer membrane. (c) The back of a bird together with the folded wings.

4. (Arch.) A mantel. See Mantel.

5. The outer wall and casing of a blast furnace, above the hearth. Raymond.

6. (Hydraulic Engin.) A penstock for a water wheel.

Mantle

Man"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mantled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mantling (?).] To cover or envelop, as with a mantle; to cloak; to hide; to disguise. Shak.

Mantle

Man"tle, v. i.

1. To unfold and spread out the wings, like a mantle; -- said of hawks. Also used figuratively.

Ne is there hawk which mantleth on her perch. Spenser.
Or tend his sparhawk mantling in her mew. Bp. Hall.
My frail fancy fed with full delight. Doth bathe in bliss, and mantleth most at ease. Spenser.

2. To spread out; -- said of wings.

The swan, with arched neck Between her white wings mantling proudly, rows. Milton.

3. To spread over the surface as a covering; to overspread; as, the scum mantled on the pool.

Though mantled in her cheek the blood. Sir W. Scott.

4. To gather, assume, or take on, a covering, as froth, scum, etc.

There is a sort of men whose visages Do cream and mantle like a standing pond. Shak.
Nor bowl of wassail mantle warm. Tennyson.

Mantlet

Man"tlet (?), n. See Mantelet.

Mantling

Man"tling (?), n. (Her.) The representation of a mantle, or the drapery behind and around a coat of arms: -- called also lambrequin.

Manto

Man"to (?), n. [It. or Sp. manto, abbrev., from L. mantelum. See Mantle.] See Manteau. [Obs.] Bailey.

Mantologist

Man*tol"o*gist (?), n. One who is skilled in mantology; a diviner. [R.]

Mantology

Man*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The act or art of divination. [R.]

Mantra

Man"tra (?), n. [Skr.] A prayer; an invocation; a religious formula; a charm. [India] &hand; Among the Hindoos each caste and tribe has a mantra peculiar to itself; as, the mantra of the Brahmans. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

Mantrap

Man"trap` (?), n.

1. A trap for catching trespassers. [Eng.]

2. A dangerous place, as an open hatch, into which one may fall.

Mantua

Man"tu*a (?), n.

1. A superior kind of rich silk formerly exported from Mantua in Italy. [Obs.] Beck (Draper's Dict.).

2. A woman's cloak or mantle; also, a woman's gown. [Obs.]

Mantuamaker

Man"tu*a*mak`er (?), n. One who makes dresses, cloaks, etc., for women; a dressmaker.

Mantuan

Man"tu*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Mantua. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Mantua.

Manu

Ma"nu (?), n. [Skr.] (Hind. Myth.) One of a series of progenitors of human beings, and authors of human wisdom.

Manual

Man"u*al (?), a. [OE. manuel, F. manuel, L. manualis, fr. manus hand; prob. akin to AS. mund hand, protection, OHG. munt, G. m\'81ndel a ward, vormund guardian, Icel. mund hand. Cf. Emancipate, Legerdemain, Maintain, Manage, Manner, Manur, Mound a hill.] Of or pertaining to the hand; done or made by the hand; as, manual labor; the king's sign manual. "Manual and ocular examination." Tatham. Manual alphabet. See Dactylology. -- Manual exercise (Mil.) the exercise by which soldiers are taught the use of their muskets and other arms. -- Seal manual, the impression of a seal worn on the hand as a ring. -- Sign manual. See under Sign.

Manual

Man"u*al (?), n. [Cf. F. manuel, LL. manuale. See Manual, a.]

1. A small book, such as may be carried in the hand, or conveniently handled; a handbook; specifically, the service book of the Roman Catholic Church.

This manual of laws, styled the Confessor's Laws. Sir M. Hale.

2. (Mus.) A keyboard of an organ or harmonium for the fingers, as distinguished from the pedals; a clavier, or set of keys. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

3. (Mil.) A prescribed exercise in the systematic handing of a weapon; as, the manual of arms; the manual of the sword; the manual of the piece (cannon, mortar, etc.).

Manualist

Man"u*al*ist, n. One who works wi

Manually

Man"u*al*ly, adv. By hand.

Manuary

Man"u*a*ry (?), a. [L. manuarius, fr. manus hand.] Manual. -- n. An artificer. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Manubial

Ma*nu"bi*al (?), a. [L. manubialis, fr. manubiae money obtained from the sale of booty, booty.] Belonging to spoils; taken in war. [Obs.] Bailey.

Manubrial

Ma*nu"bri*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a manubrium; shaped like a manubrium; handlelike.

Manubrium

Ma*nu"bri*um (?), n.; pl. L. Manubria (#), E. Manubriums (#). [L., handle, fr. manus hand.]

1. (Anat.) A handlelike process or part; esp., the anterior segment of the sternum, or presternum, and the handlelike process of the malleus.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The proboscis of a jellyfish; -- called also hypostoma. See Illust. of Hydromedusa.

Manucode

Man"u*code (?), n. [Javanese manukdewata the bird of the gods: cf. F. manucode.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bird of the genus Manucodia, of Australia and New Guinea. They are related to the bird of paradise.

Manuducent

Man`u*du"cent (?), n. One who leads by the hand; a manuductor. [Obs.]

Manuduction

Man`u*duc"tion (?), n. [L. manus hand + ductio a leading, ducere to lead: cf. F. manuduction.] Guidance by the hand. [Obs.] Glanvill. South.

Manductor

Man`duc"tor (?), n. [L. manus the hand + ductor a leader, ducere to lead: cf. F. manuducteur.] (Mus.) A conductor; an officer in the ancient church who gave the signal for the choir to sing, and who beat time with the hand, and regulated the music. Moore (Encyc. of Music.)

Manufactory

Man`u*fac"to*ry (?), n.; pl. -ries (#). [Cf. L. factorium an oil press, prop., place where something is made. See Manufacture.]

1. Manufacture. [Obs.]

2. A building or place where anything is manufactured; a factory.

Manufactory

Man`u*fac"to*ry, a. Pertaining to manufacturing.

Manufactural

Man`u*fac"tur*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to manufactures. [R.]

Manufacture

Man`u*fac"ture (?), n. [L. manus the hand + factura a making, fr. facere to make: cf. F. manufacture. See Manual, and Fact.]

1. The operation of making wares or any products by hand, by machinery, or by other agency.

2. Anything made from raw materials by the hand, by machinery, or by art, as cloths, iron utensils, shoes, machinery, saddlery, etc.

Manufacture

Man`u*fac"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manufactured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manufacturing.] [Cf. F. manufacturer.]

1. To make (wares or other products) by hand, by machinery, or by other agency; as, to manufacture cloth, nails, glass, etc.

2. To work, as raw or partly wrought materials, into suitable forms for use; as, to manufacture wool, cotton, silk, or iron.

Manufacture

Man`u*fac"ture, v. i. To be employed in manufacturing something.

Manufacturer

Man`u*fac"tur*er (?), n. One who manufactures.

Manufacturing

Man`u*fac"tur*ing, a.

1. Employed, or chiefly employed, in manufacture; as, a manufacturing community; a manufacturing town.

2. Pertaining to manufacture; as, manufacturing projects.

Manul

Ma"nul (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A wild cat (Felis manul), having long, soft, light-colored fur. It is found in the mountains of Central Asia, and dwells among rocks.

Manumise

Man"u*mise` (?), v. t. [See Manumit.] To manumit. [Obs.] Dryden.

Manumission

Man`u*mis"sion (?), n. [L. manumissio: cf. F. manumission. See Manumit.] The act of manumitting, or of liberating a slave from bondage. "Given to slaves at their manumission." Arbuthnot.

Manumit

Man`u*mit" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manumitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Manumitting.] [L. manumittere, manumissum; manus the hand + mittere to send, to send off. See Manual, and Missile.] To release from slavery; to liberate from personal bondage or servitude; to free, as a slave. "Manumitted slaves." Hume.

Manumotive

Man"u*mo`tive (?), a. [L. manus the hand + E. motive.] Movable by hand. [R.]

Manumotor

Man"u*mo`tor (?), n. [L. manus the hand + E. motor.] A small wheel carriage, so constructed that a person sitting in it may move it.

Manurable

Ma*nur"a*ble (, a.

1. Capable of cultivation. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

2. Capable of receiving a fertilizing substance.

Manurage

Ma*nur"age (?), n. Cultivation. [Obs.] Warner.

Manurance

Ma*nur"ance (?), n. Cultivation. [Obs.] Spenser.

Manure

Ma*nure" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Manuring.] [Contr, from OF. manuvrer, manovrer, to work with the hand, to cultivate by manual labor, F. man. See Manual, Ure, Opera, and cf. Inure.]

1. To cultivate by manual labor; to till; hence, to develop by culture. [Obs.]

To whom we gave the strand for to manure. Surrey.
Manure thyself then; to thyself be improved; And with vain, outward things be no more moved. Donne.

2. To apply manure to; to enrich, as land, by the application of a fertilizing substance.

The blood of English shall manure the ground. Shak.

Manure

Ma*nure" (?), n. Any matter which makes land productive; a fertilizing substance, as the contents of stables and barnyards, dung, decaying animal or vegetable substances, etc. Dryden.

Manurement

Ma*nure"ment, n. [Cf. OF. manouvrement.] Cultivation. [Obs.] W. Wotton.

Manurer

Ma*nur"er (?), n. One who manures land.

Manurial

Ma*nu"ri*al (?), a. Relating to manures.

Manuring

Ma*nur"ing (?), n. The act of process of applying manure; also, the manure applied.

Manus

Ma"nus (?), n.; pl. Manus. [L., the hand.] (Anat.) The distal segment of the fore limb, including the carpus and fore foot or hand.

Manuscript

Man"u*script (?), a. [L. manu scriptus. See Manual, and Scribe.] Written with or by the hand; not printed; as, a manuscript volume.

Manuscript

Man"u*script, n. [LL. manuscriptum, lit., something written with the hand. See Manuscript, a.]

1. A literary or musical composition written with the hand, as distinguished from a printed copy.

2. Writing, as opposed to print; as, the book exists only in manuscript. Craik. &hand; The word is often abbreviated to MS., plural MSS.

Manuscriptal

Man"u*script`al (?), a. Manuscript. [Obs.]

Manutenency

Man`u*ten"en*cy (?), n. [L. manus hand + tenere to hold.] Maintenance. [Obs.] Abp. Sancroft.

Manway

Man"way` (?), n. A small passageway, as in a mine, that a man may pass through. Raymond.

Manx

Manx (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Isle of Man, or its inhabitants; as, the Manx language. Manx cat (Zo\'94l.), a breed of domestic cats having a rudimentary tail, containing only about three vertebrae. -- Manx shearwater (Zo\'94l.), an oceanic bird (Puffinus anglorum, or P. puffinus), called also Manx petrel, Manx puffin. It was formerly abundant in the Isle of Man.

Manx

Manx, n. The language of the inhabitants of the Isle of Man, a dialect of the Celtic.

Many

Ma"ny (?), n. [See Meine, Mansion.] A retinue of servants; a household. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Many

Ma"ny, a. ∨ pron. [It has no variation to express degrees of comparison; more and most, which are used for the comparative and superlative degrees, are from a different root.] [OE. mani, moni, AS. manig, m\'91nig, monig; akin to D. menig, OS. & OHG. manag, G. manch, Dan. mange, Sw. m\'86nge, Goth. manags, OSlav. mnog', Russ. mnogii; cf. Icel. margr, Prov. E. mort. &root;103.] Consisting of a great number; numerous; not few.
Thou shalt be a father of many nations. Gen. xvii. 4.
Not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called. 1 Cor. i. 26.
&hand; Many is freely prefixed to participles, forming compounds which need no special explanation; as, many-angled, many-celled, many-eyed, many-footed, many-handed, many-leaved, many-lettered, many-named, many-peopled, many-petaled, many-seeded, many-syllabled (polysyllabic), many-tongued, many-voiced, many-wived, and the like.<-- in such usage equivalent to multi --> Comparison is often expressed by many with as or so. "As many as were willing hearted . . . brought bracelets." Exod. xxxv. 22. "So many laws argue so many sins." Milton. Many stands with a singular substantive with a or an. Many a, a large number taken distributively; each one of many. "For thy sake have I shed many a tear." Shak. "Full many a gem of purest ray serene." Gray. -- Many one, many a one; many persons. BK. of Com. Prayer. -- The many, the majority; -- opposed to the few. See Many, n. -- Too many, too numerous; hence, too powerful; as, they are too many for us. L'Estrange. Syn. -- Numerous; multiplied; frequent; manifold; various; divers; sundry.

Many

Ma"ny, n. [AS. menigeo, menigo, menio, multitude; akin to G. menge, OHG. manag\'c6, menig\'c6, Goth. managei. See Many, a.]

1. The populace; the common people; the majority of people, or of a community.

After him the rascal many ran. Spenser.

2. A large or considerable number.

A many of our bodies shall no doubt Find native graves. Shak.
Seeing a great many in rich gowns. Addison.
It will be concluded by manythat he lived like an honest man. Fielding.
&hand; In this sense, many is connected immediately with another substantive (without of) to show of what the many consists; as, a good many [of] people think so.
He is liable to a great many inconveniences. Tillotson.

Many-minded

Ma"ny-mind`ed (?), a. Having many faculties; versatile; many-sided.

Manyplies

Ma"ny*plies (?), n. [Many, adj. + plies, pl. of ply a fold.] (Anat.) The third division, or that between the reticulum, or honeycomb stomach, and the abomasum, or rennet stomach, in the stomach of ruminants; the omasum; the psalterium. So called from the numerous folds in its mucous membrane. See Illust of Ruminant.

Many-sided

Ma"ny-sid`ed (?), a.

1. Having many sides; -- said of figures. Hence, presenting many questions or subjects for consideration; as, a many-sided topic.

2. Interested in, and having an aptitude for, many unlike pursuits or objects of attention; versatile. -- Ma"ny-sid`ed*ness, n.


Page 894

Manyways, Manywise

Ma"ny*ways` (?), Ma"ny*wise` (?), adv. In many different ways; variously.

Manzanita

Man`za*ni"ta (?), n. [Sp., dim. of munzana an apple.] (Bot.) A name given to several species of Arctostaphylos, but mostly to A. glauca and A. pungens, shrubs of California, Oregon, etc., with reddish smooth bark, ovate or oval coriaceous evergreen leaves, and bearing clusters of red berries, which are said to be a favorite food of the grizzly bear.

Maori

Ma"o*ri (?), n.; pl. Maoris (. (Ethnol.) One of the aboriginal inhabitants of New Zealand; also, the original language of New Zealand. -- a. Of or pertaining to the Maoris or to their language.

Map

Map (?), n. [From F. mappe, in mappemonde map of the world, fr. L. mappa napkin, signal cloth; -- a Punic word. Cf. Apron, Napkin, Nappe.]

1. A representation of the surface of the earth, or of some portion of it, showing the relative position of the parts represented; -- usually on a flat surface. Also, such a representation of the celestial sphere, or of some part of it. &hand; There are five principal kinds of projection used in making maps: the orthographic, the stereographic, the globuar, the conical, and the cylindrical, or Mercator's projection. See Projection.

2. Anything which represents graphically a succession of events, states, or acts; as, an historical map.

Thus is his cheek the map of days outworn. Shak.
Map lichen (Bot.), a lichen (Lecidea geographica.) growing on stones in curious maplike figures. Dr. Prior.

Map

Map, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mapping (?).] To represent by a map; -- often with out; as, to survey and map, or map out, a county. Hence, figuratively: To represent or indicate systematically and clearly; to sketch; to plan; as, to map, or map out, a journey; to map out business.
I am near to the place where they should meet, if Pisanio have mapped it truly. Shak.

Mapach

Ma*pach" (?), n. [Mexican.] The raccoon.

Maple

Ma"ple (?), n. [AS. mapolder, mapulder, mapol; akin to Icel. m\'94purr; cf. OHG. mazzaltra, mazzoltra, G. massholder.] (Bot.) A tree of the genus Acer, including about fifty species. A. saccharinum is the rock maple, or sugar maple, from the sap of which sugar is made, in the United States, in great quantities, by evaporation; the red or swamp maple is A. rubrum; the silver maple, A. dasycarpum, having fruit wooly when young; the striped maple, A. Pennsylvanium, called also moosewood. The common maple of Europe is A. campestre, the sycamore maple is A. Pseudo-platanus, and the Norway maple is A. platanoides. &hand; Maple is much used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound; as, maple tree, maple leaf, etc. Bird's-eye maple, Curled maple, varieties of the wood of the rock maple, in which a beautiful lustrous grain is produced by the sinuous course of the fibers. -- Maple honey, Maple molasses, ∨ Maple sirup, maple sap boiled to the consistency of molasses. -- Maple sugar, sugar obtained from the sap of the sugar maple by evaporation.

Maplike

Map"like` (?), a. Having or consisting of lines resembling a map; as, the maplike figures in which certain lichens grow.

Mappery

Map"per*y (?), n. [From Map.] The making, or study, of maps. [Obs.] Shak.

Maqui

Ma"qui (?), n. (Bot.) A Chilian shrub (Aristotelia Maqui). Its bark furnishes strings for musical instruments, and a medicinal wine is made from its berries.

Mar

Mar (?), n. A small lake. See Mere. [Prov. Eng.]

Mar

Mar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marred (m\'84rd); p. pr. & vb. n. Marring.] [OE. marren, merren, AS. merran, myrran (in comp.), to obstruct, impede, dissipate; akin to OS. merrian, OHG. marrjan, merran; cf. D. marren, meeren, to moor a ship, Icel. merja to bruise, crush, and Goth. marzjan to offend. Cf. Moor, v.]

1. To make defective; to do injury to, esp. by cutting off or defacing a part; to impair; to disfigure; to deface.

I pray you mar no more trees with wiring love songs in their barks. Shak.
But mirth is marred, and the good cheer is lost. Dryden.
Ire, envy, and despair Which marred all his borrowed visage. Milton.

2. To spoil; to ruin. "It makes us, or it mars us." "Striving to mend, to mar the subject." Shak.

Mar

Mar, n. A mark or blemish made by bruising, scratching, or the like; a disfigurement.

Mara

Ma"ra (?), n. [Skr. m\'bera.] (Hind. Myth.) The principal or ruling evil spirit. E. Arnold.

Mara

Ma"ra, n. [Icel. mara nightmare, an ogress. See Nightmare.] (Norse Myth.) A female demon who torments people in sleep by crouching on their chests or stomachs, or by causing terrifying visions.

Mara

Ma"ra, n. (Zo\'94l.) The Patagonian cavy (Dolichotis Patagonicus.)

Marabou

Mar`a*bou" (?), n. [F.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A large stork of the genus Leptoptilos (formerly Ciconia), esp. the African species (L. crumenifer), which furnishes plumes worn as ornaments. The Asiatic species (L. dubius, or L. argala) is the adjutant. See Adjutant. [Written also marabu.]

2. One having five eighths negro blood; the offspring of a mulatto and a griffe. [Louisiana] Bartlett.

Marabout

Marabout" (?), n. [F., from Pg. marabuto, Ar. mor\'bebit. Cf. Maravedi.] A Mohammedan saint; especially, one who claims to work cures supernaturally.

Maracan

Mar"a*can (?), n. [Braz. maracan\'a0.] (Zo\'94l.) A macaw.

Marai

Ma*rai" (?), n. A sacred inclosure or temple; -- so called by the islanders of the Pacific Ocean.

Maranatha

Mar`a*nath"a (?), n. [Aramaic m\'beran ath\'be.] "Our Lord cometh;" -- an expression used by St. Paul at the conclusion of his first Epistle to the Corinthians (xvi. 22). This word has been used in anathematizing persons for great crimes; as much as to say, "May the Lord come quickly to take vengeance of thy crimes." See Anathema maranatha, under Anathema.

Maranta

Ma*ran"ta (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of endogenous plants found in tropical America, and some species also in India. They have tuberous roots containing a large amount of starch, and from one species (Maranta arundinacea) arrowroot is obtained. Many kinds are cultivated for ornament.

Maraschino

Ma`ra*schi"no (?), n. [It., fr. marasca, amarasca, a sour cherry, L. amarus bitter.] A liqueur distilled from fermented cherry juice, and flavored with the pit of a variety of cherry which grows in Dalmatia. <-- Maraschino cherry -- a cherry which is colored a deep red and sweetened by cooking in colored syrup, and flavored with maraschino. Used as a garnish in deserts and cocktails. -->

Marasmus

Ma*ras"mus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A wasting of flesh without fever or apparent disease; a kind of consumption; atrophy; phthisis.
Pining atrophy, Marasmus, and wide-wasting pestilence. Milton.
Marasmus senilis [L.], progressive atrophy of the aged.

Maraud

Ma*raud" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Marauded; p. pr. & vb. n. Marauding.] [F. marauder, fr. maraud vagabond, OF. marault; of uncertain origin, perh. for malault, fr. (assumed) LL. malaldus; fr. L. malus bad, ill + a suffix of German origin (cf. Herald). Cf. Malice.] To rove in quest of plunder; to make an excursion for booty; to plunder. "Marauding hosts." Milman.

Maraud

Ma*raud", n. An excursion for plundering.

Marauder

Ma*raud`er (?), n. [From Maraud, v.: cf. F. maraudeur.] A rover in quest of booty or plunder; a plunderer; one who pillages. De Quincey.

Maravedi

Mar`a*ve"di (?), n. [Sp. maraved\'a1; -- so called from the Mor\'bebit\'c6n (lit., the steadfast), an Arabian dynasty which reigned in Africa and Spain. Cf. Marabout.] (Numis.) A small copper coin of Spain, equal to three mils American money, less than a farthing sterling. Also, an ancient Spanish gold coin.

Marble

Mar"ble (?), n. [OE. marbel, marbre, F. marbre, L. marmor, fr. Gr. Marmoreal.]

1. A massive, compact limestone; a variety of calcite, capable of being polished and used for architectural and ornamental purposes. The color varies from white to black, being sometimes yellow, red, and green, and frequently beautifully veined or clouded. The name is also given to other rocks of like use and appearance, as serpentine or verd antique marble, and less properly to polished porphyry, granite, etc. &hand; Breccia marble consists of limestone fragments cemented together. -- Ruin marble, when polished, shows forms resembling ruins, due to disseminated iron oxide. -- Shell marble contains fossil shells. -- Statuary marble is a pure, white, fine-grained kind, including Parian (from Paros) and Carrara marble. If coarsely granular it is called saccharoidal.

2. A thing made of, or resembling, marble, as a work of art, or record, in marble; or, in the plural, a collection of such works; as, the Arundel or Arundelian marbles; the Elgin marbles.

3. A little ball of marble, or of some other hard substance, used as a plaything by children; or, in the plural, a child's game played with marbles. &hand; Marble is also much used in self-explaining compounds; when used figuratively in compounds it commonly means, hard, cold, destitute of compassion or feeling; as, marble-breasted, marble-faced, marble-hearted.

Marble

Mar"ble, a.

1. Made of, or resembling, marble; as, a marble mantel; marble paper.

2. Cold; hard; unfeeling; as, a marble breast or heart.

Marble

Mar"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Marbling (?).] [Cf. F. marbrer. See Marble, n.] To stain or vein like marble; to variegate in color; as, to marble the edges of a book, or the surface of paper.

Marbled

Mar"bled (?), a.

1. Made of, or faced with, marble. [Obs.] "The marbled mansion." Shak.

2. Made to resemble marble; veined or spotted like marble. "Marbled paper." Boyle.

3. (zo\'94l.) Varied with irregular markings, or witch a confused blending of irregular spots and streaks.

Marble-edged

Mar"ble-edged` (?), a. Having the edge veined or spotted with different colors like marble, as a book.

Marbleize

Mar"ble*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marbleized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Marbleizing (?).] To stain or grain in imitation of marble; to cover with a surface resembling marble; as, to marbleize slate, wood, or iron.

Marbler

Mar"bler (, n.

1. One who works upon marble or other stone. [R.] Fuller.

2. One who colors or stains in imitation of marble.

Marbling

Mar"bling (?), n.

1. The art or practice of variegating in color, in imitation of marble.

2. An intermixture of fat and lean in meat, giving it a marbled appearance.

3. pl. (Zo\'94l.) Distinct markings resembling the variegations of marble, as on birds and insects.

Marbly

Mar"bly, a. Containing, or resembling, marble.

Marbrinus

Mar*bri"nus (?), n. [LL., fr. OF. & F. marble marble. See Marble.] A cloth woven so as to imitate the appearance of marble; -- much used in the 15th and 16th centuries. Beck (Draper's Dict.).

Marc

Marc (?), n. [F.] The refuse matter which remains after the pressure of fruit, particularly of grapes.

Marc

Marc, n. [AS. marc; akin to G. mark, Icel. m\'94rk, perh. akin to E. mark a sign. &rot;106, 273.] [Written also mark.]

1. A weight of various commodities, esp. of gold and silver, used in different European countries. In France and Holland it was equal to eight ounces.

2. A coin formerly current in England and Scotland, equal to thirteen shillings and four pence.

3. A German coin and money of account. See Mark.

Marcantant

Mar"can*tant (?), n. [It. mercatante. See Merchant.] A merchant. [Obs.] Shak.

Marcasite

Mar"ca*site (?), n. [F. marcassite; cf. It. marcassita, Sp. marquesita, Pg. marquezita; all fr. Ar. marqash\'c6tha.] (Min.) A sulphide of iron resembling pyrite or common iron pyrites in composition, but differing in form; white iron pyrites. Golden marcasite, tin. [Obs.]

Marcasitic, Marcasitical

Mar`ca*sit"ic (?), Mar`ca*sit"ic*al (?), a. Containing, or having the nature of, marcasite.

Marcassin

Mar*cas"sin (?), n. [F.] (Her.) A young wild boar.

Marcato

Mar*ca"to (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) In a marked emphatic manner; -- used adverbially as a direction.

Marceline

Mar"cel*ine (?), n. [F., fr. L. marcidus withered, fr. marcere to wither, shrivel.] A thin silk fabric used for linings, etc., in ladies' dresses.

Marcescent

Mar*ces"cent (?), a. [L. marcescens, p. pr. of marcescere to wither, decay, fr. marcere to wither, droop: cf. F. marcescent.] (Bot.) Withering without

Marcescible

Mar*ces"ci*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. marcescible.] Li

March

March (?), n. [L. Martius mensis Mars'month fr. Martius belonging to Mars, the god of war: cf. F. mars. Cf. Martial.] The third month of the year, containing thirty-one days.
The stormy March is come at last, With wind, and cloud, and changing skies. Bryant.
As mad as a March Hare, an old English Saying derived from the fact that March is the rutting time of hares, when they are excitable and violent. Wright.

March

March, n. [OE. marche, F. marche; of German origin; cf. OHG. marcha, G. mark, akin to OS. marka, AS. mearc, Goth. marka, L. margo edge, border, margin, and possibly to E. mark a sign. Margin, Margrave, Marque, Marquis.] A territorial border or frontier; a region adjacent to a boundary line; a confine; -- used chiefly in the plural, and in English history applied especially to the border land on the frontiers between England and Scotland, and England and Wales.
Geneva is situated in the marches of several dominions -- France, Savoy, and Switzerland. Fuller.
Lords of waste marches, kings of desolate isles. Tennyson.

March

March, v. i. [Cf. OF. marchir. See 2d March.] To border; to be contiguous; to lie side by side. [Obs.]
That was in a strange land Which marcheth upon Chimerie. Gower.
To march with, to have the same boundary for a greater or less distance; -- said of an estate.

March

March, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Marched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Marching.] [F. marcher, in OF. also, to tread, prob. fr. L. marcus hammer. Cf. Mortar.]

1. To move with regular steps, as a soldier; to walk in a grave, deliberate, or stately manner; to advance steadily. Shak.

2. To proceed by walking in a body or in military order; as, the German army marched into France.

March

March, v. t. TO cause to move with regular steps in the manner of a soldier; to cause to move in military array, or in a body, as troops; to cause to advance in a steady, regular, or stately manner; to cause to go by peremptory command, or by force.
March them again in fair array. Prior.

March

March, n. [F. marche.]

1. The act of marching; a movement of soldiers from one stopping place to another; military progress; advance of troops.

These troops came to the army harassed with a long and wearisome march. Bacon.

2. Hence: Measured and regular advance or movement, like that of soldiers moving in order; stately or deliberate walk; steady onward movement.

With solemn march Goes slow and stately by them. Shak.
This happens merely because men will not bide their time, but will insist on precipitating the march of affairs. Buckle.

3. The distance passed over in marching; as, an hour's march; a march of twenty miles.

4. A piece of music designed or fitted to accompany and guide the movement of troops; a piece of music in the march form.

The drums presently striking up a march. Knolles.
To make a march, (Card Playing), to take all the tricks of a hand, in the game of euchre.

Macher

Mach"er (?), n. One who marches.

Marcher

March"er, n. [See 2d March.] The lord or officer who defended the marches or borders of a territory.

Marchet, Merchet

Mar"chet (?), Mer"chet (?), n. [LL. marcheta; of uncertain origin.] In old English and in Scots law, a fine paid to the lord of the soil by a tenant upon the marriage of one the tenant's daughters.

Marching

March"ing (?), a. & n.,fr. March, v. Marching money (Mil.), the additional pay of officer or soldier when his regiment is marching. -- In marching order (Mil.), equipped for a march. -- Marching regiment. (Mil.) (a) A regiment in active service. (b) In England, a regiment liable to be ordered into other quarters, at home or abroad; a regiment of the line.

Marchion-ess

Mar"chion-ess (?), n. [LL. marchionissa, fr. marchio a marquis. See Marquis.] The wife or the widow of a marquis; a woman who has the rank and dignity of a marquis. Spelman.

March-mad

March"-mad` (?), a. Extremely rash; foolhardy. See under March, the month. Sir W. Scott.

Marchman

March"man (?), n. A person living in the marches between England and Scotland or Wales.

Marchpane

March"pane` (?), n. [Cf. It. marzapane,Sp. pan,. massepain, prob. fr. L. maza frumenty (Gr. ma^za) + L. panis bread; but perh. the first part of the word is from the name of the inventor.] A kind of sweet bread or biscuit; a cake of pounded almonds and sugar. [Obs.]<-- = marzipan --> Shak.

March-ward

March"-ward` (?), n. A warden of the marches; a marcher.

Marcian

Mar"cian (?), a. Under the influence of Mars; courageous; bold. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Marcid

Mar"cid (?), a. [L. marcidus, fr. marcere to wither, pine.]

1. Pining; lean; withered. Dryden.

2. Characterized by emaciation, as a fever. Harvey.

Mar-cidi-ty

Mar-cid"i-ty (?), n. [LL. marciditas.] The state or quality of being withered or lean. [R.]
Page 895

Marcionite

Mar"cion*ite (?), n. (Eccl. Hist) A follower of Marcion, a Gnostic of the second century, who adopted the Oriental notion of the two conflicting principles, and imagined that between them there existed a third power, neither wholly good nor evil, the Creator of the world and of man, and the God of the Jewish dispensation. Brande & C.

Marcobrunner

Mar`co*brun"ner (?), n. [G. Marcobrunner.] A celebrated Rhine wine.

Marcor

Mar"cor (?), n. [L., fr. marcere to wither.] A wasting away of flesh; decay. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Marcosian

Mar*co"sian (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a Gnostic sect of the second century, so called from Marcus, an Egyptian, who was reputed to be a margician.

Mardi gras

Mar"di` gras" (?), n. [F., literally, fat Tuesday.] The last day of Carnival; Shrove Tuesday; -- in some cities a great day of carnival and merrymaking.

Mare

Mare (?), n. [OE. mere, AS. mere, myre, fem of AS. mearh horse, akin to D. merrie mare, G. m\'84hre, OHG. marah horse, meriha mare, Icel. marr horse, OCelt. marka (Pausan. 19, 19,4), Ir. marc, W. march. Cf. Marshal.] The female of the horse and other equine quadrupeds.

Mare

Mare, n. [AS. mara incubus; akin to OHG. & Icel. mara; cf. Pol. mora, Bohem. m.] (Med.) Sighing, suffocative panting, intercepted utterance, with a sense of pressure across the chest, occurring during sleep; the incubus; -- obsolete, except in the compound nightmare.
I will ride thee o' nights like the mare. Shak.

Marechal Niel

Mare"chal Niel" (?). [F.] A kind of large yellow rose. [Written also Marshal Niel.]

Mareis

Mar"eis (?), n. A Marsh. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Marena

Ma*re"na (?), n. [NL. Salmo maraena, G. mar\'84ne, mor\'84ne; -- so called from Lake Morin, in the March of Brandenburg, in Prussia.] (Zo\'94l.) A European whitefish of the genus Coregonus.

Mareschal

Mare"schal (?), n. [OF. mareschal, F. mar\'82chal. See Marshal.] A military officer of high rank; a marshal. [Obs.]

Mare's-nest

Mare's"-nest` (?), n. A supposed discovery which turns out to be a hoax; something grosaly absurd.

Mare's-tail

Mare's"-tail` (?), n.

1. A long streaky cloud, spreading out like a horse's tail, and believed to indicate rain; a cirrus cloud. See Cloud.

Mackerel sky and mare's-tails Make tall ships carry low sails. Old Rhyme.

2. (Bot.) An aquatic plant of the genus Hippuris (H.vulgaris), having narrow leaves in whorls.

Margarate

Mar"ga*rate (?), n. [Cf. F. margarate.] (Physiol. Chem.) A compound of the so-called margaric acid with a base.

Margaric

Mar*gar"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. margarique. See Margarite.] Pertaining to, or resembling, pearl; pearly. Margaric acid. (a) (Physiol. Chem.) A fatty body, crystallizing in pearly scales, and obtained by digesting saponified fats (soaps) with an acid. It was formerly supposed to be an individual fatty acid, but is now known to be simply an intimate mixture of stearic and palmitic acids. (b) (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, C17H34O2 of the fatty acid series, intermediate between palmitic and stearic acids, and obtained from the wax of certain lichens, from cetyl cyanide, and other sources.

Margarin

Mar"ga*rin (?), n. [Cf. F. margarine. See Margarite.] (Physiol. Chem.) A fatty substance, extracted from animal fats and certain vegetable oils, formerly supposed to be a definite compound of glycerin and margaric acid, but now known to be simply a mixture or combination of tristearin and teipalmitin.

Marasritaceous

Mar`as*ri*ta"ceous (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, pearl; pearly.

Margarite

Mar"ga*rite (?), n. [L. margarita, Gr. marguerite.]

1. A pearl. [Obs.] Peacham.

2. (Min.) A mineral related to the micas, but low in silica and yielding brittle folia with pearly luster.

Margaritic

Mar`ga*rit"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. margaritique.] (Physiol. Chem.) Margaric.

Margaritiferous

Mar`ga*ri*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. margaritifer; margarita pearl + ferre to bear: cf. F. margaritif\'8are.] Producing pearls.

Margarodite

Mar*gar"o*dite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A hidrous potash mica related to muscovite.

Margarone

Mar"ga*rone (?), n. [Margaric + -one.] (Chem.) The ketone of margaric acid.

Margarous

Mar"ga*rous (?), a. (Chem.) Margaric; -- formerly designating a supposed acid. [Obs.]

Margate fish

Mar"gate fish" (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sparoid fish (Diabasis aurolineatus) of the Gulf of Mexico, esteemed as a food fish; -- called also red-mouth grunt.

Margay

Mar"gay (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An American wild cat (Felis tigrina), ranging from Mexico to Brazil. It is spotted with black. Called also long-tailed cat.

Marge

Marge (?), n. [F. marge. See Margin.] Border; margin; edge; verge. [Poetic] Tennyson.
Along the river's stony marge. Wordsworth.

Margent

Mar"gent (?), n. [OE. See Margin.] A margin; border; brink; edge. [Obs.]
The beached margent of the sea. Shak.

Margent

Mar"gent, v. t. To enter or note down upon the margin of a page; to margin. [Obs.] Mir. for Mag.

Margin

Mar"gin (?), n. [OE. margine, margent, L. margo, ginis. Cf. March a border, Marge.]

1. A border; edge; brink; verge; as, the margin of a river or lake.

2. Specifically: The part of a page at the edge left uncovered in writing or printing.

3. (Com.) The difference between the cost and the selling price of an article.

4. Something allowed, or reserved, for that which can not be foreseen or known with certainty.

5. (Brokerage) Collateral security deposited with a broker to secure him from loss on contracts entered into by him on behalf of his principial, as in the speculative buying and selling of stocks, wheat, etc. N. Biddle. Margin draft (Masonry), a smooth cut margin on the face of hammer-dressed ashlar, adjacent to the joints. -- Margin of a course (Arch.), that part of a course, as of slates or shingles, which is not covered by the course immediately above it. See 2d Gauge. Syn. -- Border; brink; verge; brim; rim.

Margin

Mar"gin (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Margined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Marginging.]

1. To furnish with a margin.

2. To enter in the margin of a page.

Marginal

Mar"gin*al (?), a. [Cf. F. marginal.]

1. Of or pertaining to a margin.

2. Written or printed in the margin; as, a marginal note or gloss.

Marginalia

Mar`gi*na"li*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] Marginal notes.

Marginally

Mar"gin*al*ly, adv. In the margin of a book.

Marginate

Mar"gin*ate (?), a. [L. marginatus, p. p. of marginare to margin. See Margin, n.] Having a margin distinct in appearance or structure.

Marginate

Mar"gin*ate (?), v. t. To furnish with a distinct margin; to margin. [R.] Cockeram.

Marginated

Mar"gin*a`ted (?), a. Same as Marginate, a.

Margined

Mar"gined (?), a.

1. Having a margin. Hawthorne.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Bordered with a distinct line of color.

Marginella

Mar`gi*nel"la (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. margo, marginis, a margin.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small, polished, marine univalve shells, native of all warm seas.

Marginicidal

Mar"gin*i*ci`dal (?), a. [L. margo, -ginis, margin + caedere to cut.] (Bot.) Dehiscent by the separation of united carpels; -- said of fruits.

Margosa

Mar*go"sa (?), n. [Pg. amargoso bitter.] (Bot.) A large tree of genus Melia (M. Azadirachta) found in India. Its bark is bitter, and used as a tonic. A valuable oil is expressed from its seeds, and a tenacious gum exudes from its trunk. The M. Azedarach is a much more showy tree, and is cultivated in the Southern United States, where it is known as Pride of India, Pride of China, or bead tree. Various parts of the tree are considered anthelmintic.
The margosa oil . . . is a most valuable balsam for wounds, having a peculiar smell which prevents the attacks of flies. Sir S. Baker.

Margravate, Margraviate

Mar"gra*vate (?), Mar*gra"vi*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. margraviat.] The territory or jurisdiction of a margrave.

Margrave

Mar"grave (?), n. [G. markgraf, prop., lord chief justice of the march; mark bound, border, march + graf earl, count, lord chief justice; cf. Goth. gagr\'89fts decree: cf. D. markgraaf, F. margrave. See March border, and cf. Landgrave, Graff.]

1. Originally, a lord or keeper of the borders or marches in Germany.

2. The English equivalent of the German title of nobility, markgraf; a marquis.

Margravine

Mar"gra*vine (?), n. [G. markgr\'84fin: cf. F. margrafine.] The wife of a margrave.

Marguerite

Mar"gue*rite (?), n. [F., a pearl, a daisy. See Margarite.] (Bot.) The daisy (Bellis perennis). The name is often applied also to the ox-eye daisy and to the China aster. Longfellow.

Marian

Ma"ri*an (?), a. Pertaining to the Virgin Mary, or sometimes to Mary, Queen of England, daughter of Henry VIII.
Of all the Marian martyrs, Mr. Philpot was the best-born gentleman. Fuller.
Maid Marian. See Maidmarian in the Vocabulary. <-- 2. a prominent character in the legend of Robin Hood -->

Marie

Mar"ie (?), interj. Marry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mariet

Mar"i*et (?), n. [F. mariette, prop. dim. of Marie Mary.] (Bot.) A kind of bellflower, Companula Trachelium, once called Viola Mariana; but it is not a violet.

Marigenous

Ma*rig"e*nous (?), a. [L. mare the sea + -genous.] Produced in or by the sea.

Marigold

Mar"i*gold (?), n. [Mary + gold.] (Bot.) A name for several plants with golden yellow blossoms, especially the Calendula officinalis (see Calendula), and the cultivated species of Tagetes. &hand; There are several yellow-flowered plants of different genera bearing this name; as, the African ∨ French marigold of the genus Tagetes, of which several species and many varieties are found in gardens. They are mostly strong-smelling herbs from South America and Mexico: bur marigold, of the genus Bidens; corn marigold, of the genus Chrysanthemum (C. segetum, a pest in the cornfields of Italy); fig marigold, of the genus Mesembryanthemum; marsh marigold, of the genus Caltha (C. palustris), commonly known in America as the cowslip. See Marsh Marigold. Marigold window. (Arch.) See Rose window, under Rose.

Marikina

Mar`i*ki"na (?), n. [From the native name: cf. Pg. mariquinha.] (Zo\'94l) A small marmoset (Midas rosalia); the silky tamarin.

Marimba

Ma*rim"ba (?), n. [Pg.] A musical istrument of percussion, consisting of bars yielding musical tones when struck. Knight.

Marimonda

Mar`i*mon"da (?), n. [Sp.] (Zo\'94l.) A spider monkey (Ateles belzebuth) of Central and South America.

Marinade

Mar`i*nade" (?), n. [F.: cf. It. marinato marinade, F. mariner to preserve food for use at sea. See Marinate.] (Cookery) A brine or pickle containing wine and spices, for enriching the flavor of meat and fish.

Marinate

Mar"i*nate (?), v. t. [See Marine, and cf. Marinade.] To salt or pickle, as fish, and then preserve in oil or vinegar; to prepare by the use of marinade.

Marine

Ma*rine" (?), a. [L. marinus, fr. mare the sea: cf. F. marin. See Mere a pool.]

1. Of or pertaining to the sea; having to do with the ocean, or with navigation or naval affairs; nautical; as, marine productions or bodies; marine shells; a marine engine.

2. (Geol.) Formed by the action of the currents or waves of the sea; as, marine deposits. Marine acid (Chem.), hydrochloric acid. [Obs.] -- Marine barometer. See under Barometer. -- Marine corps, a corps formed of the officers, noncommissioned officers, privates, and musicants of marines.<-- officially part of the navy, but now considered one of the four branches of the armed forces in the US --> -- Marine engine (Mech.), a steam engine for propelling a vessel. -- Marine glue. See under Glue. -- Marine insurance, insurance against the perils of the sea, including also risks of fire, piracy, and barratry. -- Marine interest, interest at any rate agreed on for money lent upon respondentia and bottomry bonds. -- Marine law. See under Law. -- Marine league, three geographical miles. -- Marine metal, an alloy of lead, antimony, and mercury, made for sheathing ships. Mc Elrath. -- Marine soap, cocoanut oil soap; -- so called because, being quite soluble in salt water, it is much used on shipboard. -- Marine store, a store where old canvas, ropes, etc., are bought and sold; a junk shop. [Eng.]

Marine

Ma*rine", n. [F. marin a sea solider, marine naval economy, a marine picture, fr. L. marinus. See Marine, a.]

1. A solider serving on shipboard; a sea soldier; one of a body of troops trained to do duty in the navy. <-- a member of the marine corps -->

2. The sum of naval affairs; naval economy; the department of navigation and sea forces; the collective shipping of a country; as, the mercantile marine.

3. A picture representing some marine subject. Tell that to the marines, an expression of disbelief, the marines being regarded by sailors as credulous. [Colloq.]

Marined

Ma*rined" (?), a. [Cf. F. marin\'82.] (Her.) Having the lower part of the body like a fish. Crabb.

Mariner

Mar"i*ner (?), n. [F. marinier, LL. marinarius. See Marine.] One whose occupation is to assist in navigating ships; a seaman or sailor. Chaucer. Mariner's compass. See under Compass.

Marinership

Mar"i*ner*ship, n. Seamanship. [Obs.] Udalt.

Marinorama

Mar`i*no*ra"ma (?), n. [NL., from L. marinus marine + Gr. A representation of a sea view.

Mariolater

Ma`ri*ol"a*ter (?), n. [See Mariolatry.] One who worships the Virgin Mary.

Mariolatry

Ma`ri*ol"a*try (?), n. [Gr. The worship of the Virgin Mary.

Marionette

Mar`i*o*nette" (?), n. [F. marionette, prop. a dim. of Marie Mary.]

1. A puppet moved by strings, as in a puppet show.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The buffel duck.

Mariotte's law

Ma`ri*otte's law` (?). (Physics.) See Boyle's law, under Law.

Mariposa lily

Ma`ri*po"sa lil`y (?). [Sp. mariposa a butterfly + E. lily. So called from the gay apperance of the blossoms.] (Bot.) One of a genus (Calochortus) of tuliplike bulbous herbs with large, and often gaycolored, blossoms. Called also butterfly lily. Most of them are natives of California.

Mariput

Mar"i*put (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of civet; the zoril.

Marish

Mar"ish (?), n. [Cf. F. marais, LL. marascus. See Marsh.] Low, wet ground; a marsh; a fen; a bog; a moor. [Archaic] Milton. Tennyson.

Marish

Mar"ish, a.

1. Moory; fenny; boggy. [Archaic]

2. Growing in marshes. "Marish flowers." Tennyson.

Marital

Mar"i*tal (?), a. [F., fr. L. maritalis, fr. maritus belonging to marriage, n., a husband. See Marry, v.] Of or pertaining to a husband; as, marital rights, duties, authority. "Marital affection." Ayliffe.

Maritated

Mar"i*ta`ted (?), a. [L. maritatus married.] Having a husband; married. [Obs.]

Maritimal, Maritimale

Ma*rit"i*mal, Ma*rit"i*male (?), a. See Maritime. [Obs.]

Maritime

Mar"i*time (?), a. [L. maritimus, fr. mare the sea: cf. F. maritime. See Mere a pool.]

1. Bordering on, or situated near, the ocean; connected with the sea by site, interest, or power; having shipping and commerce or a navy; as, maritime states. "A maritime town." Addison.

2. Of or pertaining to the ocean; marine; pertaining to navigation and naval affairs, or to shipping and commerce by sea. "Maritime service." Sir H. Wotton. Maritime law. See Law. -- Maritime loan, a loan secured by bottomry or respodentia bonds. -- Martime nations, nations having seaports, and using the sea more or less for war or commerce.

Marjoram

Mar"jo*ram (?), n. [OE. majoran, F. marjolaine, LL. marjoraca, fr. L. amaracus, amaracum, Gr. (Bot.) A genus of mintlike plants (Origanum) comprising about twenty-five species. The sweet marjoram (O. Majorana) is pecularly aromatic and fragrant, and much used in cookery. The wild marjoram of Europe and America is O. vulgare, far less fragrant than the other.

Mark

Mark (?), n. A license of reprisals. See Marque.

Mark

Mark, n. [See 2d Marc.]

1. An old weight and coin. See Marc. "Lend me a mark." Chaucer.

2. The unit of monetary account of the German Empire, equal to 23.8 cents of United States money; the equivalent of one hundred pfennigs. Also, a silver coin of this value. <-- in 1995, approx. 65 cents American -->

Mark

Mark, n. [OE. marke, merke, AS. mearc; akin to D. merk, MHG. marc, G. marke, Icel. mark, Dan. m\'91rke; cf. Lith. margas party-colored. &root;106, 273. Cf. Remark.]

1. A visible sign or impression made or left upon anything; esp., a line, point, stamp, figure, or the like, drawn or impressed, so as to attract the attention and convey some information or intimation; a token; a trace.

The Lord set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him. Gen. iv. 15.

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2. Specifically: (a) A character or device put on an article of merchandise by the maker to show by whom it was made; a trade-mark. (b) A character (usually a cross) made as a substitute for a signature by one who can not write.

The mark of the artisan is found upon the most ancient fabrics that have come to light. Knight.

3. A fixed object serving for guidance, as of a ship, a traveler, a surveyor, etc.; as, a seamark, a landmark.

4. A trace, dot, line, imprint, or discoloration, although not regarded as a token or sign; a scratch, scar, stain, etc.; as, this pencil makes a fine mark.

I have some marks of yours upon my pate. Shak.

5. An evidence of presence, agency, or influence; a significative token; a symptom; a trace; specifically, a permanent impression of one's activity or character.

The confusion of tongues was a mark of separation. Bacon.

6. That toward which a missile is directed; a thing aimed at; what one seeks to hit or reach.

France was a fairer mark to shoot at than Ireland. Davies.
Whate'er the motive, pleasure is the mark. Young.

7. Attention, regard, or respect.

As much in mock as mark. Shak.

8. Limit or standard of action or fact; as, to be within the mark; to come up to the mark.

9. Badge or sign of honor, rank, or official station.

In the official marks invested, you Anon do meet the Senate. Shak.

10. Pre\'89minence; high position; as, particians of mark; a fellow of no mark.

11. (Logic) A characteristic or essential attribute; a differential.

12. A number or other character used in registring; as, examination marks; a mark for tardiness.

13. Image; likeness; hence, those formed in one's image; children; descendants. [Obs.] "All the mark of Adam." Chaucer.

14. (Naut.) One of the bits of leather or colored bunting which are placed upon a sounding line at intervals of from two to five fathoms. The unmarked fathoms are called "deeps." A man of mark, a conspicuous or eminent man. -- To make one's mark. (a) To sign, as a letter or other writing, by making a cross or other mark. (b) To make a distinct or lasting impression on the public mind, or on affairs; to gain distinction. Syn. -- Impress; impression; stamp; print; trace; vestige; track; characteristic; evidence; proof; token; badge; indication; symptom.

Mark

Mark (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Marking.] [OE. marken, merken, AS. mearcian, from mearc. See Mark the sign.]

1. To put a mark upon; to affix a significant mark to; to make recognizable by a mark; as, to mark a box or bale of merchandise; to mark clothing.

2. To be a mark upon; to designate; to indicate; -- used literally and figuratively; as, this monument marks the spot where Wolfe died; his courage and energy marked him for a leader.

3. To leave a trace, scratch, scar, or other mark, upon, or any evidence of action; as, a pencil marks paper; his hobnails marked the floor.

4. To keep account of; to enumerate and register; as, to mark the points in a game of billiards or cards.

5. To notice or observe; to give attention to; to take note of; to remark; to heed; to regard. "Mark the perfect man." Ps. xxxvii. 37. To mark out. (a) To designate, as by a mark; to select; as, the ringleaders were marked out for punishment. (b) To obliterate or cancel with a mark; as, to mark out an item in an account. -- To mark time (Mil.), to keep the time of a marching step by moving the legs alternately without advancing. Syn. -- To note; remark; notice; observe; regard; heed; show; evince; indicate; point out; betoken; denote; characterize; stamp; imprint; impress; brand.

Mark

Mark, v. i. To take particular notice; to observe critically; to note; to remark.
Mark, I pray you, and see how this man seeketh maschief. 1 Kings xx. 7.

Markable

Mark"a*ble (?), a. Remarkable. [Obs.] Sandys.

Marked

Marked (?), a. Designated or distinguished by, or as by, a mark; hence; noticeable; conspicuous; as, a marked card; a marked coin; a marked instance. -- Mark"ed*ly (#), adv. J. S. Mill. A marked man, a man who is noted by a community, or by a part of it, as, for excellence or depravity; -- usually with an unfavorable suggestion.

Markee

Mar*kee" (?), n. See Marquee.

Marker

Mark"er (?), n. One who or that which marks. Specifically: (a) One who keeps account of a game played, as of billiards. (b) A counter used in card playing and other games. (c) (Mil.) The soldier who forms the pilot of a wheeling column, or marks the direction of an alignment. (d) An attachment to a sewing machine for marking a line on the fabric by creasing it.

Market

Mar"ket (?), n. [Akin to D. markt, OHG. mark\'bet, merk\'bet, G. markt; all fr.L. mercatus trade, market place, fr. mercari, p. p. mercatus, to trade, traffic, merx, mercis, ware, merchandise, prob. akin to merere to deserve, gain, acquire: cf. F. march\'82. See Merit, and cf. Merchant, Mart.]

1. A meeting together of people, at a stated time and place, for the purpose of traffic (as in cattle, provisions, wares, etc.) by private purchase and sale, and not by auction; as, a market is held in the town every week.

He is wit's peddler; and retails his wares At wakes, and wassails, meetings, markets, fairs. Shak.
Three women and a goose make a market. Old Saying.

2. A public place (as an open space in a town) or a large building, where a market is held; a market place or market house; esp., a place where provisions are sold.

There is at Jerusalem by the sheep market a pool. John v. 2.

3. An opportunity for selling anything; demand, as shown by price offered or obtainable; a town, region, or country, where the demand exists; as, to find a market for one's wares; there is no market for woolen cloths in that region; India is a market for English goods.

There is a third thing to be considered: how a market can be created for produce, or how production can be limited to the capacities of the market. J. S. Mill.

4. Exchange, or purchase and sale; traffic; as, a dull market; a slow market.

5. The price for which a thing is sold in a market; market price. Hence: Value; worth.

What is a man If his chief good and market of his time Be but to sleep and feed ? Shak.

6. (Eng. Law) The privelege granted to a town of having a public market. &hand; Market is often used adjectively, or in forming compounds of obvious meaning; as, market basket, market day, market folk, market house, marketman, market place, market price, market rate, market wagon, market woman, and the like. Market beater, a swaggering bully; a noisy braggart. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Market bell, a bell rung to give notice that buying and selling in a market may begin. [Eng.] Shak. -- Market cross, a cross set up where a market is held. Shak. -- Market garden, a garden in which vegetables are raised for market. -- Market gardening, the raising of vegetables for market. -- Market place, an open square or place in a town where markets or public sales are held. -- Market town, a town that has the privilege of a stated public market.

Market

Mar"ket (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Marketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Marketing.] To deal in a market; to buy or sell; to make bargains for provisions or goods.

Market

Mar"ket, v. t. To expose for sale in a market; to traffic in; to sell in a market, and in an extended sense, to sell in any manner; as, most of the farmes have marketed their crops.
Industrious merchants meet, and market there The world's collected wealth. Southey.

Marketable

Mar"ket*a*ble (?), a.

1. Fit to be offered for sale in a market; such as may be justly and lawfully sold; as, dacayemarketable.

2. Current in market; as, marketable value.

3. Wanted by purchasers; salable; as, furs are not marketable in that country.

Marketableness

Mar"ket*a*ble*ness, n. Quality of being marketable.

Marketer

Mar"ket*er (?), n. One who attends a market to buy or sell; one who carries goods to market.

Marketing

Mar"ket*ing, n.

1. The act of selling or of purchasing in, or as in, a market.

2. Articles in, or from, a market; supplies.

Marketstead

Mar"ket*stead (?), n. [Market + stead a place.] A market place. [Obs.] Drayton.

Markhoor

Mark"hoor` (?), n. [Per. m\'ber-kh snake eater.] (Zo\'94l.) A large wild goat (Capra megaceros), having huge flattened spiral horns. It inhabits the mountains of Northern India and Cashmere.

Marking

Mark"ing (?), n. The act of one who, or that which, marks; the mark or marks made; arrangement or disposition of marks or coloring; as, the marking of a bird's plumage. Marking ink, indelible ink, because used in marking linen. -- Marking nut (Bot.), the nut of the Semecarpus Anacardium, an East Indian tree. The shell of the nut yields a blackish resinous juice used for marking cotton cloth, and an oil prepared from it is used for rheumatism.

Markis

Mar"kis (?), n. A marquis. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Markisesse

Mar"kis*esse (?), n. A marchioness. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Markman

Mark"man (?), n. A marksman. [Obs.] Shak.

Marksman

Marks"man (?), n.; pl. Marksmen (#). [Earlier markman; mark + man.]

1. One skillful to hit a mark with a missile; one who shoots well.<-- esp. with a rifle. A designation in the army. -->

2. (Law) One who makes his mark, instead of writing his name, in signing documents. Burrill.

Marksmanship

Marks"man*ship, n. Skill of a marksman.

Marl

Marl (?), v. t. [See Marline.] (Naut.) To cover, as part of a rope, with marline, marking a pecular hitch at each turn to prevent unwinding. Marling spike. (Naut.) See under Marline.

Marl

Marl, n. [OF. marle, F. marne, LL. margila, dim. of L. marga marl. Originally a Celtic word, according to Pliny, xvii. 7: "Quod genus terr\'91 Galli et Britanni margam vocant." &root;274.] A mixed earthy substance, consisting of carbonate of lime, clay, and sand, in very varivble proportions, and accordingly designated as calcareous, clayey, or sandy. See Greensand.

Marl

Marl, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Marling.] [Cf. F. marner. See Marl, n.] To overspread or manure with marl; as, to marl a field.

Marlaceous

Mar*la"ceous (?), a. Resembling marl; partaking of the qualities of marl.

Marlin

Mar"lin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The American great marbled godwit (Limosa fedoa). Applied also to the red-breasted godwit (Limosa h\'91matica). Hook-billed marlin, a curlew. <-- 2. [from marlinspike, the shape of its bill] any of several marine billfishes of the genera Makaira and Tetrapturus, popular as game in sport fishing -->

Marline

Mar"line (?), n. [LG. marlien, marling, or D. marling, marlijn, fr. D. marren to tie, prob. akin to E. moor, v., and lijn line: cf.F. merlin. See Moor, v., Line.] (Naut.) A small line composed of two strands a little twisted, used for winding around ropes and cables, to prevent their being weakened by fretting. Marline spike, Marling spike (Naut.), an iron tool tapering to a point, used to separate the strands of a rope in splicing and in marling. It has an eye in the thick end to which a lanyard is attached. See Fid. [Written also marlin spike] -- Marline-spike bird. [The name alludes to the long middle tail feathers.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A tropic bird. (b) A jager, or skua gull.

Marline

Mar"line (?), v. t. [F. merliner.] (Naut.) To wind marline around; as, to marline a rope.

Marlite

Marl"ite (?), n. [Cf. F. marlite. See Marl, n.] (Min.) A variety of marl.

Marlitic

Mar*lit"ic (?), a. Partaking of the qualites of marlite.

Marlpit

Marl"pit` (?), n. Apit where marl is dug.

Marlstone

Marl"stone` (?), n. (Geol.) A sandy calcareous straum, containing, or impregnated with, iron, and lying between the upper and lower Lias of England.

Marly

Marl"y (?), a. [Compar. Marlier (?); superl. Marliest.] Consisting or partaking of marl; resembling marl; abounding with marl.

Marmalade

Mar"ma*lade (?), n. [F. marmelade, Pg. marmelada, fr. marm\'82lo a quince, fr. L. melimelum honey apple, Gr. Mellifluous, Melon.] A preserve or confection made of the pulp of fruit, as the quince, pear, apple, orange, etc., boiled with sugar, and brought to a jamlike consistence. Marmalade tree (Bot.), a sapotaceous tree (Lucuma mammosa) of the West Indies and Tropical America. It has large obovate leaves and an egg-shaped fruit from three to five inches long, containing a pleasant-flavored pulp and a single large seed. The fruit is called marmalade, or natural marmalade, from its consistency and flavor. <-- produces -->

Marmalet

Mar"ma*let` (?), n. See Marmalade. [Obs.]

Marmatite

Mar"ma*tite (?), n. [Cf. F. marmatite.] (Min.) A ferruginous variety of shalerite or zinc blende, nearly black in color.

Marmolite

Mar"mo*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A thin, laminated variety of serpentine, usually of a pale green color.

Marmoraceous

Mar`mo*ra"ceous (?), a. [L. marmor marble. See Marble.] Pertaining to, or like, marble.

Marmorate, Marmorated

Mar"mo*rate (?), Mar"mo*ra`ted (?), a. [L. marmoratus, p. p. of marmorate to overlay with marble, fr. marmor marble.] Variegated like marble; covered or overlaid with marble. [R.]

Marmoration

Mar`mo*ra"tion (?), n. [L. marmoratio.] A covering or incrusting with marble; a casing of marble; a variegating so as to resemble marble. [R.]

Marmoratum opus

Mar`mo*ra`tum o"pus (?). [L. See Marmorate, and Opus.] (Arch.) A kind of hard finish for plasterwork, made of plaster of Paris and marble dust, and capable of taking a high polish.

Marmoreal, Marmorean

Mar*mo"re*al (?), Mar*mo"re*an (?), a. [L. marmoreus, fr. marmor marble: cf. F. marmor\'82en. See Marble.] Pertaining to, or resembling, marble; made of marble.

Marmorosis

Mar`mo*ro"sis (?), n. [NL.] (Geol.) The metamorphism of limestone, that is, its conversion into marble. Geikie.

Marmose

Mar"mose` (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) A species of small opossum (Didelphus murina) ranging from Mexico to Brazil.

Marmoset

Mar"mo*set` (?), n. [F. marmouset a grotesque figure, an ugly little boy, prob. fr. LL. marmoretum, fr. L. marmor marble. Perhaps confused with marmot. See Marble.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small South American monkeys of the genera Hapale and Midas, family Hapalid\'91. They have long soft fur, and a hairy, nonprehensile tail. They are often kept as pets. Called also squirrel monkey.

Marmot

Mar"mot (?), n. [It. marmotta, marmotto, prob. fr. L. mus montanus, or mus montis, lit., mountain mouse or rat. See Mountain, and Mouse.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any rodent of the genus Arctomys. The common European marmot (A. marmotta) is about the size of a rabbit, and inhabits the higher regions of the Alps and Pyrenees. The bobac is another European species. The common American species (A. monax) is the woodchuck.<-- related to the woodchuck, (groundhog) but usually used only for the western variety -->

2. Any one of several species of ground squirrels or gophers of the genus Spermophilus; also, the prairie dog. Marmot squirrel (Zo\'94l.), a ground squirrel or spermophile. -- Prairie marmot. See Prairie dog.

Marmottes oil

Mar"mottes oil` (?). A fine oil obtained from the kernel of Prunus brigantiaca. It is used instead of olive or almond oil. De Colange.

Marmozet

Mar"mo*zet` (?), n. See Marmoset.

Marone

Ma*rone" (?), n. See Maroon, the color.

Maronite

Mar"o*nite (?), n.; pl. Maronites (. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a body of nominal Christians, who speak the Arabic language, and reside on Mount Lebanon and in different parts of Syria. They take their name from one Maron of the 6th century.

Maroon

Ma*roon" (?), n. [Written also marroon.] [F. marron, abbrev. fr. Sp. cimarron wild, unruly, from cima the summit of a mountain; hence, negro cimarron a runaway negro that lives in the mountains.] In the West Indies and Guiana, a fugitive slave, or a free negro, living in the mountains.

Maroon

Ma*roon", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marooned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Marooning.] [See Maroon a fugitive slave.] To put (a person) ashore on a desolate island or coast and leave him to his fate. Marooning party, a social excursion party that sojourns several days on the shore or in some retired place; a prolonged picnic. [Southern U. S.] Bartlett.
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Maroon

Ma*roon" (?), a. [F. marron chestnut-colored, fr. marron a large French chestnut, It. marrone; cf. LGr. Marron.] Having the color called maroon. See 4th Maroon. Maroon lake, lake prepared from madder, and distinguished for its transparency and the depth and durability of its color.

Maroon

Ma*roon", n.

1. A brownish or dull red of any description, esp. of a scarlet cast rather than approaching crimson or purple.

2. An explosive shell. See Marron, 3.

Marplot

Mar"plot` (?), n. One who, by his officious

Marque

Marque (?), n. [F. marque, in lettre de marque letter of marque, a commission with which the commandant of every armed vessel was obliged to be provided, under penalty of being considered a pirate or corsair; marque here prob. meaning, border, boundary (the letter of marque being a permission to go beyond the border), and of German origin. See March border.] (Law) A license to pass the limits of a jurisdiction, or boundary of a country, for the purpose of making reprisals. Letters of marque, Letters of marque and reprisal, a license or extraordinary commission granted by a government to a private person to fit out a privateer or armed ship to cruise at sea and make prize of the enemy's ships and merchandise. The ship so commissioned is sometimes called a letter of marque. <-- privateer -->

Marquee

Mar*quee" (?), n. [F. marquise, misunderstood as a plural; prob. orig., tent of the marchioness. See Marquis.] A large field tent; esp., one adapted to the use of an officer of high rank. [Written also markee.]

Marquess

Mar"quess (?), n. [Cf. Sp. marques. See Marquis.] A marquis. Lady marquess, a marchioness. [Obs.] Shak.

Marquetry

Mar"quet*ry (?), n. [F. marqueterie, from marqueter to checker, inlay, fr. marque mark, sign; of German origin. See Mark a sign.] Inlaid work; work inlaid with pieces of wood, shells, ivory, and the like, of several colors.

Marquis

Mar"quis (?), n. [F. marquis, OF. markis, marchis, LL. marchensis; of German origin; cf. G. mark bound, border, march, OHG. marcha. See March border, and cf. Marchioness, Marquee, Marquess.] A nobleman in England, France, and Germany, of a rank next below that of duke. Originally, the marquis was an officer whose duty was to guard the marches or frontiers of the kingdom. The office has ceased, and the name is now a mere title conferred by patent.

Marquisate

Mar"quis*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. marquisat.] The seigniory, dignity, or lordship of a marquis; the territory governed by a marquis.

Marquisdom

Mar"quis*dom (?), n. A marquisate. [Obs.] "Nobles of the marquisdom of Saluce." Holinshed.

Marquise

Mar`quise" (?), n. [F. See Marquis, and cf. Marquee.] The wife of a marquis; a marchioness.

Marquisship

Mar"quis*ship (?), n. A marquisate.

Marram

Mar"ram (?), n. (Bot.) A coarse grass found on sandy beaches (Ammophila arundinacea). See Beach grass, under Beach.

Marrer

Mar"rer (?), n. One who mars or injures.

Marriable

Mar"ri*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. mariable.] Marriageable. [R.] Coleridge.

Marriage

Mar"riage (?), n. [OE. mariage, F. mariage. See Marry, v. t.]

1. The act of marrying, or the state of being married; legal union of a man and a woman for life, as husband and wife; wedlock; matrimony.

Marriage is honorable in all. Heb. xiii. 4.

2. The marriage vow or contract. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. A feast made on the occasion of a marriage.

The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king which made a marriage for his son. Matt. xxii. 2.

4. Any intimate or close union. Marriage brokage. (a) The business of bringing about marriages. (b) The payment made or demanded for the procurement of a marriage. -- Marriage favors, knots of white ribbons, or bunches of white flowers, worn at weddings. -- Marriage settlement (Law), a settlement of property in view, and in consideration, of marriage. Syn. -- Matrimony; wedlock; wedding; nuptials. -- Marriage, Matrimony, Wedlock. Marriage is properly the act which unites the two parties, and matrimony the state into which they enter. Marriage is, however, often used for the state as well as the act. Wedlock is the old Anglo-Saxon term for matrimony.

Marriageability

Mar`riage*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being marriageable.

Marriageable

Mar"riage*a*ble (?), a. Fit for, or capable of, marriage; of an age at which marriage is allowable. -- Mar"riage*a*ble*ness, n.

Marrried

Marr"ried (?), a.

1. Being in the state of matrimony; wedded; as, a married man or woman.

2. Of or pertaining to marriage; connubial; as, the married state.

Marrier

Mar"ri*er (?), n. One who marries.

Marron

Mar*ron" (?), n. [See Maroon, a.]

1. A large chestnut. [Obs.] Holland.

2. A chestnut color; maroon.

3. (Pyrotechny & Mil.) A paper or pasteboard box or shell, wound about with strong twine, filled with an explosive, and ignited with a fuse, -- used to make a noise like a cannon. [Written also maroon.]

Marroon

Mar*roon" (?), n. & a. Same as 1st Maroon.

Marrot

Mar"rot (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The razor-billed auk. See Auk. (b) The common guillemot. (c) The puffin. [Prov. Eng.] [Written also marrott, and morrot.]

Marrow

Mar"row (?), n. [OE. marou, mary, maruh, AS. mearg, mearh; akin to OS. marg, D. merg, G. Mark, OHG. marg, marag, Icel. mergr, Sw. merg, Dan. marv, Skr. majjan; cf. Skr. majj to sink, L. mergere. &root;274 Cf. Merge.]

1. (Anat.) The tissue which fills the cavities of most bones; the medulla. In the larger cavities it is commonly very fatty, but in the smaller cavities it is much less fatty, and red or reddish in color.

2. The essence; the best part.

It takes from our achievements . . . The pith and marrow of our attribute. Shak.

3. [OE. maru, maro; -- perh. a different word; cf. Gael. maraon together.] One of a pair; a match; a companion; an intimate associate. [Scot.]

Chopping and changing I can not commend, With thief or his marrow, for fear of ill end. Tusser.
Marrow squash (Bot.), a name given to several varieties of squash, esp. to the Boston marrow, an ovoid fruit, pointed at both ends, and with reddish yellow flesh, and to the vegetable marrow, a variety of an ovoid form, and having a soft texture and fine grain resembling marrow. -- Spinal marrow. (Anat.) See Spinal cord, under Spinal.

Marrow

Mar"row (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marrowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Marrowing.] To fill with, or as with, marrow of fat; to glut.

Marrowbone

Mar"row*bone` (?), n. A bone containing marrow; pl. ludicrously, knee bones or knees; as, to get down on one's marrowbones, i. e., to kneel.

Marrowfat

Mar"row*fat (?), n. A rich but late variety of pea.

Marrowish

Mar"row*ish, a. Of the nature of, or like, marrow.

Marrowless

Mar"row*less, a. Destitute of marrow.

Marrowy

Mar"row*y (?), a. Full of marrow; pithy.

Marrubium

Mar*ru"bi*um (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A genus of bitter aromatic plants, sometimes used in medicine; hoarhound.

Marry

Mar"ry (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Married (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Marrying.] [OE. marien, F. marier, L. maritare, fr. maritus husband, fr. mas, maris, a male. See Male, and cf. Maritral.]

1. To unite in wedlock or matrimony; to perform the ceremony of joining, as a man and a woman, for life; to constitute (a man and a woman) husband and wife according to the laws or customs of the place.

Tell him that he shall marry the couple himself. Gay.

2. To join according to law, (a man) to a woman as his wife, or (a woman) to a man as her husband. See the Note to def. 4.

A woman who had been married to her twenty-fifth husband, and being now a widow, was prohibited to marry. Evelyn.

3. To dispose of in wedlock; to give away as wife.

M\'91cenas took the liberty to tell him [Augustus] that he must either marry his daughter [Julia] to Agrippa, or take away his life. Bacon.

4. To take for husband or wife. See the Note below. &hand; We say, a man is married to or marries a woman; or, a woman is married to or marries a man. Both of these uses are equally well authorized; but given in marriage is said only of the woman.

They got him [the Duke of Monmouth] . . . to declare in writing, that the last king [Charles II.] told him he was never married to his mother. Bp. Lloyd.

5. Figuratively, to unite in the closest and most endearing relation.

Turn, O backsliding children, saith the Lord; for I am married unto you. Jer. iii. 14.
To marry ropes. (Naut.) (a) To place two ropes along side of each other so that they may be grasped and hauled on at the same time. (b) To join two ropes end to end so that both will pass through a block. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Marry

Mar"ry, v. i. To enter into the conjugal or connubial state; to take a husband or a wife.
I will, therefore, that the younger women marry. 1 Tim. v. 14.
Marrrying man, a man disposed to marry. [Colloq.]

Marry

Mar"ry, interj. Indeed ! in truth ! -- a term of asseveration said to have been derived from the practice of swearing by the Virgin Mary. [Obs.] Shak.

Mars

Mars (?), n. [L. Mars, gen. Martis, archaic Mavors, gen. Mavortis.]

1. (Rom. Myth.) The god of war and husbandry.

2. (Astron.) One of the planets of the solar system, the fourth in order from the sun, or the next beyond the earth, having a diameter of about 4,200 miles, a period of 687 days, and a mean distance of 141,000,000 miles. It is conspicuous for the redness of its light.

3. (Alchemy) The metallic element iron, the symbol of which ♂ was the same as that of the planet Mars. [Archaic] Chaucer. Mars brown, a bright, somewhat yellowish, brown.

Marsala

Mar*sa"la (?), n. [It., fr. Marsala, in Sicyly.] A kind of wine exported from Marsala in Sicily.

Marsdenia

Mars*de"ni*a (?), n. [NL. From W. Marsden, an English author.] (Bot.) A genus of plants of the Milkweed family, mostly woody climbers with fragrant flowers, several species of which furnish valuable fiber, and one species (Marsdenia tinctoria) affords indigo.

Marseillais, a. m. Marseillaise

Mar`sei`llais" (?), a. m. Mar`sei`llaise" (?), a. f.[F.] Of or pertaining to Marseilles, in France, or to its inhabitants. Marseillaise hymn, ∨ The Marseillaise, the national anthem of France, popularly so called. It was composed in 1792, by Rouget de l'Isle, an officer then stationed at Strasburg. In Paris it was sung for the first time by the band of men who came from Marseilles to aid in the revolution of August 10, 1792; whence the name.

Marseillais, n. m. Marseillaise

Mar`sei`llais", n. m. Mar`sei`llaise", n. f.[F.] A native or inhabitant of Marseilles.

Marseilles

Mar*seilles" (?), n. A general term for certain kinds of fabrics, which are formed of two series of threads interlacing each other, thus forming double cloth, quilted in the loom; -- so named because first made in Marseilles, France.

Marsh

Marsh (?), n. [OE. mersch, AS. mersc, fr. mere lake. See Mere pool, and cf. Marish, Morass.] A tract of soft wet land, commonly covered partially or wholly with water; a fen; a swamp; a morass. [Written also marish.] Marsh asphodel (Bot.), a plant (Nartheeium ossifragum) with linear equitant leaves, and a raceme of small white flowers; -- called also bog asphodel. -- Marsh cinquefoil (Bot.), a plant (Potentilla palustris) having purple flowers, and found growing in marshy places; marsh five-finger. -- Marsh elder. (Bot.) (a) The guelder-rose or cranberry tree (Viburnum Opulus). (b) In the United States, a composite shrub growing in salt marshes (Iva frutescens). -- Marsh five-finger. (Bot.) See Marsh cinquefoil (above). -- Marsh gas. (Chem.) See under Gas. -- Marsh grass (Bot.), a genus (Spartina) of coarse grasses growing in marshes; -- called also cord grass. The tall S. cynosuroides is not good for hay unless cut very young. The low S. juncea is a common component of salt hay. -- Marsh harrier (Zo\'94l.), a European hawk or harrier (Circus \'91ruginosus); -- called also marsh hawk, moor hawk, moor buzzard, puttock. -- Marsh hawk. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A hawk or harrier (Circus cyaneus), native of both America and Europe. The adults are bluish slate above, with a white rump. Called also hen harrier, and mouse hawk. (b) The marsh harrier. -- Marsh hen (Zo\'94l.), a rail; esp., Rallus elegans of fresh-water marshes, and R. longirostris of salt-water marshes. -- Marsh mallow (Bot.), a plant of the genus Alth\'91a ( A. officinalis) common in marshes near the seashore, and whose root is much used in medicine as a demulcent. -- Marsh marigold. (Bot.) See in the Vocabulary. -- Marsh pennywort (Bot.), any plant of the umbelliferous genus Hydrocotyle; low herbs with roundish leaves, growing in wet places; -- called also water pennywort. -- Marsh quail (Zo\'94l.), the meadow lark. -- Marsh rosemary (Bot.), a plant of the genus Statice (S. Limonium), common in salt marshes. Its root is powerfully astringent, and is sometimes used in medicine. Called also sea lavender. -- Marsh samphire (Bot.), a plant (Salicornia herbacea) found along seacoasts. See Glasswort. -- Marsh St. John's-wort (Bot.), an American herb (Elodes Virginica) with small opposite leaves and flesh-colored flowers. -- Marsh tea. (Bot.). Same as Labrador tea. -- Marsh trefoil. (Bot.) Same as Buckbean. -- Marsh wren (Zo\'94l.), any species of small American wrens of the genus Cistothorus, and allied genera. They chiefly inhabit salt marshes.

Marshal

Mar"shal (?), n. [OE. mareschal, OF. mareschal, F. mar\'82chal, LL. mariscalcus, from OHG. marah-scalc (G. marschall); marah horse + scalc servant (akin to AS. scealc, Goth. skalks). F. mar\'82chal signifies, a marshal, and a farrier. See Mare horse, and cf. Seneschal.]

1. Originally, an officer who had the care of horses; a groom. [Obs.]

2. An officer of high rank, charged with the arrangement of ceremonies, the conduct of operations, or the like; as, specifically: (a) One who goes before a prince to declare his coming and provide entertainment; a harbinger; a pursuivant. (b) One who regulates rank and order at a feast or any other assembly, directs the order of procession, and the like. (c) The chief officer of arms, whose duty it was, in ancient times, to regulate combats in the lists. Johnson. (d) (France) The highest military officer. In other countries of Europe a marshal is a military officer of high rank, and called field marshal. (e) (Am. Law) A ministerial officer, appointed for each judicial district of the United States, to execute the process of the courts of the United States, and perform various duties, similar to those of a sheriff. The name is also sometimes applied to certain police officers of a city. Earl marshal of England, the eighth officer of state; an honorary title, and personal, until made hereditary in the family of the Duke of Norfolk. During a vacancy in the office of high constable, the earl marshal has jurisdiction in the court of chivalry. Brande & C. -- Earl marshal of Scotland, an officer who had command of the cavalry under the constable. This office was held by the family of Keith, but forfeited by rebellion in 1715. -- Knight marshal, ∨ Marshal of the King's house, formerly, in England, the marshal of the king's house, who was authorized to hear and determine all pleas of the Crown, to punish faults committed within the verge, etc. His court was called the Court of Marshalsea. -- Marshal of the Queen's Bench, formerly the title of the officer who had the custody of the Queen's bench prison in Southwark. Mozley & W.

Marshal

Mar"shal, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marshaled (?) or Marshalled; p. pr. & vb. n. Marshaling or Marshalling.]

1. To dispose in order; to arrange in a suitable manner; as, to marshal troops or an army.

And marshaling the heroes of his name As, in their order, next to light they came. Dryden.

2. To direct, guide, or lead.

Thou marshalest me the way that I was going. Shak.

3. (Her.) To dispose in due order, as the different quarterings on an escutcheon, or the different crests when several belong to an achievement.

Marshaler

Mar"shal*er (?), n. [Written also marshaller.] One who marshals.

Marshaling

Mar"shal*ing, n. [Written also marshalling.]

1. The act of arranging in due order.

2. (Her.) The arrangement of an escutcheon to exhibit the alliances of the owner. Marshaling of assets (Law), the arranging or ranking of assets in due order of administration.

Marshalsea

Mar"shal*sea (?), n. [Marshal + OE. se a seat. See See a seat.] The court or seat of a marshal; hence, the prison in Southwark, belonging to the marshal of the king's household. [Eng.] Court of Marshalsea, a court formerly held before the steward and marshal of the king's house to administer justice between the king's domestic servants. Blackstone.

Marshalship

Mar"shal*ship, n. The office of a marshal.

Marshbanker, Marsebanker

Marsh"bank`er (?), Marse"bank`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The menhaden.
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Marshiness

Marsh"i*ness (?), n. The state or condition of being marshy.

Marsh marigold

Marsh mar"i*gold (?). (Bot.) A perennial plant of the genus Caltha (C. palustris), growing in wet places and bearing bright yellow flowers. In the United States it is used as a pot herb under the name of cowslip. See Cowslip.

Marshy

Marsh"y (?), a. [E. Marsh.]

1. Resembling a marsh; wet; boggy; fenny.

2. Pertaining to, or produced in, marshes; as, a marshy weed. Dryden.

Marsipobranch

Mar"si*po*branch` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Marsipobranchia.

Marsipobranchia

Mar"si*po*bran"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A class of Vertebrata, lower than fishes, characterized by their purselike gill cavities, cartilaginous skeletons, absence of limbs, and a suckerlike mouth destitute of jaws. It includes the lampreys and hagfishes. See Cyclostoma, and Lamprey. Called also Marsipobranchiata, and Marsipobranchii.

Marsupial

Mar*su"pi*al (?), a. [Cf. F. marsupial.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Having a pouch for carrying the immature young; of or pertaining to the Marsupialia.

2. (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a marsupium; as, the marsupial bones. Marsupial frog. (Zo\'94l.) See Nototrema.

Marsupial

Mar*su"pi*al, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Marsupialia.

Marsupialia

Mar*su`pi*a"li*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. marsupium a pouch, bag, purse, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A subclass of Mammalia, including nearly all the mammals of Australia and the adjacent islands, together with the opossums of America. They differ from ordinary mammals in having the corpus callosum very small, in being implacental, and in having their young born while very immature. The female generally carries the young for some time after birth in an external pouch, or marsupium. Called also Marsupiata.

Marsupialian, Marsupian

Mar*su`pi*a"li*an (?), Mar*su"pi*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Marsupialia.

Marsupiate

Mar*su"pi*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Related to or resembling the marsupials; furnished with a pouch for the young, as the marsupials, and also some fishes and Crustacea.

Marsupion

Mar*su"pi*on (?), n. [NL.] Same as Marsupium.

Marsupite

Mar"su*pite (?), n. [See Marsupial.] (Paleon.) A fossil crinoid of the genus Marsupites, resembling a purse in form.

Marsupium

Mar*su"pi*um (?), n.; pl. Marsupia (#). [L., a pouch], (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) (a) The pouch, formed by a fold of the skin of the abdomen, in which marsupials carry their young; also, a pouch for similar use in other animals, as certain Crustacea. (b) The pecten in the eye of birds and reptiles. See Pecten.

Mart

Mart (?), n. [Contr. fr. market.]

1. A market.

Where has commerce such a mart . . . as London ? Cowper.

2. A bargain. [Obs.] Shak.

Mart

Mart, v. t. To buy or sell in, or as in, a mart. [Obs.]
To sell and mart your officer for gold To undeservers. Shak.

Mart

Mart, v. t. To traffic. [Obs.] Shak.

Mart

Mart, n. [See Mars.]

1. The god Mars. [Obs.]

2. Battle; contest. [Obs.] Fairfax.

Martagon

Mar"ta*gon (?), n. [Cf. F. & Sp. martagon, It. martagone.] (Bot.) A lily (Lilium Martagon) with purplish red flowers, found in Europe and Asia.

Martel

Mar"tel (?), v. i. [F. marteler, fr. martel, marteau, hammer, a dim. fr. L. martulus, marculus, dim. of marcus hammer. Cf. March to step.] To make a blow with, or as with, a hammer. [Obs.] Spenser.

Martel de fer

Mar`tel` de fer" (?). [OF., hammer of iron.] A weapon resembling a hammer, often having one side of the head pointed; -- used by horsemen in the Middle Ages to break armor. Fairholt.

Marteline

Mar"te*line (?), n. [F.] A small hammer used by marble workers and sculptors.

Martello tower

Mar*tel"lo tow`er (?). [It. martello hammer. The name was orig. given to towers erected on the coasts of Sicily and Sardinia for protection against the pirates in the time of Charles the Fifth, which prob. orig. contained an alarm bell to be struck with a hammer. See Martel.] (Fort.) A building of masonry, generally circular, usually erected on the seacoast, with a gun on the summit mounted on a traversing platform, so as to be fired in any direction. &hand; The English borrowed the name of the tower from Corsica in 1794.

Marten

Mar"ten (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A bird. See Martin.

Marten

Mar"ten, n. [From older martern, marter, martre, F. martre, marte, LL. martures (pl.), fr. L. martes; akin to AS. mear, meard, G. marder, OHG. mardar, Icel. m\'94r. Cf. Foumart.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several fur-bearing carnivores of the genus Mustela, closely allied to the sable. Among the more important species are the European beech, or stone, marten (Mustela foina); the pine marten (M. martes); and the American marten, or sable (M. Americana), which some zo\'94logists consider only a variety of the Russian sable.

2. The fur of the marten, used for hats, muffs, etc.

Martern

Mar"tern (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Marten. [Obs.]

Mar-text

Mar"-text` (?), n. A blundering preacher.

Martial

Mar"tial (?), a. [F., fr. L. martialis of or belonging to Mars, the god of war. Cf. March the month.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or suited for, war; military; as, martial music; a martial appearance. "Martial equipage." Milton.

2. Practiced in, or inclined to, war; warlike; brave.

But peaceful kings, o'er martial people set, Each other's poise and counterbalance are. Dryden.

3. Belonging to war, or to an army and navy; -- opposed to civil; as, martial law; a court-martial.

4. Pertaining to, or resembling, the god, or the planet, Mars. Sir T. Browne.

5. (Old Chem. & Old Med.) Pertaining to, or containing, iron; chalybeate; as, martial preparations. [Archaic] Martial flowers (Med.), a reddish crystalline salt of iron; the ammonio-chloride of iron. [Obs.] -- Martial law, the law administered by the military power of a government when it has superseded the civil authority in time of war, or when the civil authorities are unable to enforce the laws. It is distinguished from military law, the latter being the code of rules for the regulation of the army and navy alone, either in peace or in war. Syn. -- Martial, Warlike. Martial refers more to war in action, its array, its attendants, etc.; as, martial music, a martial appearance, a martial array, courts-martial, etc. Warlike describes the feeling or temper which leads to war, and the adjuncts of war; as, a warlike nation, warlike indication, etc. The two words are often used without discrimination.

Martialism

Mar"tial*ism (?), n. The quality of being warlike; exercises suitable for war. [Obs.]

Martialist

Mar"tial*ist, n. A warrior. [Obs.] Fuller.

Martialize

Mar"tial*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Martialized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Martializing (?).] To render warlike; as, to martialize a people.

Martially

Mar"tial*ly, adv. In a martial manner.

Martialness

Mar"tial*ness, n. The quality of being martial. <-- Martian. 1. of or referring to Mars. 2. an inhabitant of Mars ;- fictional or hypothetical. -->

Martin

Mar"tin (?), n. (Stone Working) [Etymol. uncertain.] A perforated stone-faced runner for grinding.

Martin

Mar"tin, n. [F. martin, from the proper name Martin. Cf. Martlet.] (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of swallows, usually having the tail less deeply forked than the tail of the common swallows. [Written also marten.] &hand; The American purple martin, or bee martin (Progne subis, ∨ purpurea), and the European house, or window, martin (Hirundo, ∨ Chelidon, urbica), are the best known species. Bank martin. (a) The bank swallow. See under Bank. (b) The fairy martin. See under Fairy. -- Bee martin. (a) The purple martin. (b) The kingbird. -- Sand martin, the bank swallow.

Martinet

Mar"ti*net` (?), n. [So called from an officer of that name in the French army under Louis XIV. Cf. Martin the bird, Martlet.] In military language, a strict disciplinarian; in general, one who lays stress on a rigid adherence to the details of discipline, or to forms and fixed methods. [Hence, the word is commonly employed in a depreciatory sense.]

Martinet

Mar"ti*net`, n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) The martin.

Martineta

Mar`ti*ne"ta (?), n. [Cf. Sp. martinete.] (Zo\'94l.) A species of tinamou (Calopezus elegans), having a long slender crest.

Martinetism

Mar"ti*net`ism (?), n. The principles or practices of a martinet; rigid adherence to discipline, etc.

Martingale, Martingal

Mar"tin*gale (?), Mar"tin*gal (?), n. [F. martingale; cf. It. martingala a sort of hose, martingale, Sp. martingala a greave, cuish, martingale, Sp. alm\'a0rtaga a kind of bridle.]

1. A strap fastened to a horse's girth, passing between his fore legs, and fastened to the bit, or now more commonly ending in two rings, through which the reins pass. It is intended to hold down the head of the horse, and prevent him from rearing.

2. (Naut.) A lower stay of rope or chain for the jib boom or flying jib boom, fastened to, or reeved through, the dolphin striker. Also, the dolphin striker itself.

3. (Gambling) The act of doubling, at each stake, that which has been lost on the preceding stake; also, the sum so risked; -- metaphorically derived from the bifurcation of the martingale of a harness. [Cant] Thackeray.

Martinmas

Mar"tin*mas (?), n. [St. Martin + mass religious service.] (Eccl.) The feast of St. Martin, the eleventh of November; -- often called martlemans. Martinmas summer, a period of calm, warm weather often experienced about the time of Martinmas; Indian summer. Percy Smith.

Martite

Mar"tite (?), n. [L. Mars, Martis, the god Mars, the alchemical name of iron.] (Min.) Iron sesquioxide in isometric form, probably a pseudomorph after magnetite.

Martlemas

Mar"tle*mas (?), n. See Martinmas. [Obs.]

Martlet

Mart"let (?), n. [F. martinet. See Martin the bird, and cf. Martinet a disciplinarian.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) The European house martin.

2. [Cf. F. merlette.] (Her.) A bird without beak or feet; -- generally assumed to represent a martin. As a mark of cadency it denotes the fourth son.

Martyr

Mar"tyr (?), n. [AS., from L. martyr, Gr. ma`rtyr, ma`rtys, prop., a witness; cf. Skr. sm&rsdot; to remember, E. memory.]

1. One who, by his death, bears witness to the truth of the gospel; one who is put to death for his religion; as, Stephen was the first Christian martyr. Chaucer.

To be a martyr, signifies only to witness the truth of Christ; but the witnessing of the truth was then so generally attended with persecution, that martyrdom now signifies not only to witness, but to witness by death South.

2. Hence, one who sacrifices his life, his station, or what is of great value to him, for the sake of principle, or to sustain a cause.

Then if thou fall'st, O Cromwell, Thou fall'st a blessed martyr ! Shak.

Martyr

Mar"tyr (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Martyred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Martyring.]

1. To put to death for adhering to some belief, esp. Christianity; to sacrifice on account of faith or profession. Bp. Pearson.

2. To persecute; to torment; to torture. Chaucer.

The lovely Amoret, whose gentle heart Thou martyrest with sorrow and with smart. Spenser.
Racked with sciatics, martyred with the stone. Pope.

Martyrdom

Mar"tyr*dom (?), n. [Martyr + -dom.]

1. The condition of a martyr; the death of a martyr; the suffering of death on account of adherence to the Christian faith, or to any cause. Bacon.

I came from martyrdom unto this peace. Longfellow.

2. Affliction; torment; torture. Chaucer.

Martyrization

Mar`tyr*i*za"tion (?), n. Act of martyrizing, or state of being martyrized; torture. B. Jonson.

Martyrize

Mar"tyr*ize (?), v. t. [Cf. F. martyriser, LL. martyrizare.] To make a martyr of. Spenser.

Martyrly

Mar"tyr*ly, adv. In the manner of a martyr.

Martyrologe

Mar"tyr*o*loge (?), n. [LL. martyrologium: cf. F. martyrologe.] A martyrology. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Martyrologic, Martyrological

Mar`tyr*o*log"ic (?), Mar`tyr*o*log"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to martyrology or martyrs; registering, or registered in, a catalogue of martyrs.

Martyrologist

Mar`tyr*ol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. martyrologiste.] A writer of martyrology; an historian of martyrs. T. Warton.

Martyrology

Mar`tyr*ol"o*gy (?), n.; pl. -gies (#). [Martyr + -logy.] A history or account of martyrs; a register of martyrs. Bp. Stillingfleet.

Martyrship

Mar"tyr*ship, n. Martyrdom. [R.] Fuller.

Marvel

Mar"vel (?), n. [OE. mervaile, F. merveille, fr. L. mirabilia wonderful things, pl., fr. mirabilis wonderful, fr. mirari to wonder or marvel at. See Admire, Smile, and cf. Miracle.]

1. That which causes wonder; a prodigy; a miracle.

I will do marvels such as have not been done. Ex. xxxiv. 10.
Nature's sweet marvel undefiled. Emerson.

2. Wonder. [R.] "Use lessens marvel." Sir W. Scott. Marvel of Peru. (Bot.) See Four-o'clock.

Marvel

Mar"vel, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Marveled (?) or Marvelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Marveling or Marvelling.] [OE. merveilen, OF. merveillier.] To be struck with surprise, astonishment, or wonder; to wonder.
Marvel not, my brethren, if the world hate you. 1 john iii. 13.

Marvel

Mar"vel, v. t.

1. To marvel at. [Obs.] Wyclif.

2. To cause to marvel, or be surprised; -- used impersonally. [Obs.]

But much now me marveleth. Rich. the Redeless.

Marvelous

Mar"vel*ous (?), a. [OE. merveillous, OF. merveillos, F. Merveilleux. See Marvel, n.] >[Written also marvellous.]

1. Exciting wonder or surprise; astonishing; wonderful.

This is the Lord's doing; it is marvelous in our eyes. Ps. cxiii. 23.

2. Partaking of the character of miracle, or superna

The marvelous fable includes whatever is supernatural, and especially the machines of the gods. Pope.
The marvelous, that which exceeds natural power, or is preternatural; that which is wonderful; -- opposed to the probable. Syn. -- Wonderful; astonishing; surprising; strange; improbable; incredible. -- Marvelous, Wonderful. We speak of a thing as wonderful when it awakens our surprise and admiration; as marvelous when it is so much out of the ordinary course of things as to seem nearly or quite incredible.

Marvelously

Mar"vel*ous*ly, adv. In a marvelous manner; wonderfully; strangely.

Marvelousness

Mar"vel*ous*ness, n. The quality or state of being marvelous; wonderfulness; strangeness.

Marver

Mar"ver (?), n. [Prob. corrupt. fr. OE. or F. marbre marble.] (Glass Marking) A stone, or cast-iron plate, or former, on which hot glass is rolled to give it shape. <-- Marxism. n. A system of economic and political thought, originated by Karl Marx, and elaborated by others. It holds that the state has been the a device for suppression of the masses, allowing exploitation by a dominant (capitalistic) class; that historical change occurs through class struggle; and that the capitalist system will inevitably wither away to be superseded by a classless society. Marxism-Leninism. Marxism, as interpreted by V.I. Lenin Marxist. n. 1. One who believes in the theories of Karl Marx. 2. adj. of or pertaining to Marx or Marxism. -->

Mary

Mar"y (?), n. Marrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mary

Ma"ry (?), interj. See Marry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mary-bud

Ma"ry-bud` (?), n. (Bot.) The marigold; a blossom of the marigold. Shak.

Maryolatry

Ma`ry*ol"a*try (?), n. Mariolatry.

Marysole

Ma"ry*sole (?), n. [Mary, the proper name + sole the fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A large British fluke, or flounder (Rhombus megastoma); -- called also carter, and whiff. <-- Marzipan. the word more commonly used (1950-1990) for marchpane. -->

Mascagnin, Mascagnite

Mas*ca"gnin (?), Mas*ca"gnite (?), n. [Cf. F. mascagnin.] (Min.) Native sulphate of ammonia, found in volcanic districts; -- so named from Mascagni, who discovered it.

Mascle

Mas"cle (?), n. [OF. mascle, F. macle, L. macula spot, mesh of a net, LL. macula, macla, mascla a scale of a coat of mail. See Mail armor.] (Her.) A lozenge voided.

Mascled

Mas"cled (?), a. Composed of, or covered with, lozenge-shaped scales; having lozenge-shaped divisions. Mascled armor, armor composed of small lozenge-shaped scales of metal fastened on a foundation of leather or quilted cloth.

Mascot, Mascotte

Mas"cot, Mas"cotte (?), n. [Through French fr. Pr. mascot a little sorcerer or magician, mascotto witchcraft, sorcery.] A person who is supposed to bring good luck to the household to which he or she belongs; anything that brings good luck.

Masculate

Mas"cu*late (?), v. t. [L. masculus male, masculine.] To make strong. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Page 899

Masculine

Mas"cu*line (?), a. [L. masculinus, fr. masculus male, manly, dim. of mas a male: cf. F. masculin. See Male masculine.]

1. Of the male sex; not female.

Thy masculine children, that is to say, thy sons. Chaucer.

2. Having the qualities of a man; suitable to, or characteristic of, a man; virile; not feminine or effeminate; strong; robust.

That lady, after her husband's death, held the reins with a masculine energy. Hallam.

3. Belonging to males; appropriated to, or used by, males. [R.] "A masculine church." Fuller.

4. (Gram.) Having the inflections of, or construed with, words pertaining especially to male beings, as distinguished from feminine and neuter. See Gender. -- Mas"cu*line*ly, adv. -- Mas"cu*line*ness, n.

Masculinity

Mas`cu*lin"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being masculine; masculineness.

Mase

Mase (?), n. & v. See Maze. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Maselyn

Mas"e*lyn (?), n. A drinking cup. See 1st Maslin, 2. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Maser

Ma"ser (?), n. Same as Mazer.

Mash

Mash (?), n. A mesh. [Obs.]

Mash

Mash, n. [Akin to G. meisch, maisch, meische, maische, mash, wash, and prob. to AS. miscian to mix. See Mix.]

1. A mass of mixed ingredients reduced to a soft pulpy state by beating or pressure; a mass of anything in a soft pulpy state. Specifically (Brewing), ground or bruised malt, or meal of rye, wheat, corn, or other grain (or a mixture of malt and meal) steeped and stirred in hot water for making the wort.

2. A mixture of meal or bran and water fed to animals.

3. A mess; trouble. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. Mash tun, a large tub used in making mash and wort.

Mash

Mash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mashing.] [Akin to G. meischen, maischen, to mash, mix, and prob. to mischen, E. mix. See 2d Mash.] To convert into a mash; to reduce to a soft pulpy state by beating or pressure; to bruise; to crush; as, to mash apples in a mill, or potatoes with a pestle. Specifically (Brewing), to convert, as malt, or malt and meal, into the mash which makes wort. Mashing tub, a tub for making the mash in breweries and distilleries; -- called also mash tun, and mash vat. <-- mashed potato. n. the name of a dance, briefly popular in the 1960's. mashed potatoes n. pl. Potatoes which have been boiled and mashed to a pulpy consistency, usu. with sparing addition of milk, salt, butter, or other flavoring. It is a popular accompaniment to a meat course [U.S., 1900's], providing bulk and calories to a meal. -->

Masher

Mash"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, mashes; also (Brewing), a machine for making mash.

2. A charmer of women. [Slang] London Punch.

Mashlin

Mash"lin (?), n. See Maslin.

Mashy

Mash"y (?), a. Produced by crushing or bruising; resembling, or consisting of, a mash.

Mask

Mask (?), n. [F. masque, LL. masca, mascha, mascus; cf. Sp. & Pg. m\'a0scara, It. maschera; all fr. Ar. maskharat buffoon, fool, pleasantry, anything ridiculous or mirthful, fr. sakhira to ridicule, to laugh at. Cf. Masque, Masquerade.]

1. A cover, or partial cover, for the face, used for disguise or protection; as, a dancer's mask; a fencer's mask; a ball player's mask.

2. That which disguises; a pretext or subterfuge.

3. A festive entertainment of dancing or other diversions, where all wear masks; a masquerade; hence, a revel; a frolic; a delusive show. Bacon.

This thought might lead me through the world's vain mask. Milton.

4. A dramatic performance, formerly in vogue, in which the actors wore masks and represented mythical or allegorical characters.

5. (Arch.) A grotesque head or face, used to adorn keystones and other prominent parts, to spout water in fountains, and the like; -- called also mascaron.

6. (Fort.) (a) In a permanent fortification, a redoubt which protects the caponiere. (b) A screen for a battery.

7. (Zo\'94l.) The lower lip of the larva of a dragon fly, modified so as to form a prehensile organ. Mask house, a house for masquerades. [Obs.]

Mask

Mask, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Masked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Masking.]

1. To cover, as the face, by way of concealment or defense against injury; to conceal with a mask or visor.

They must all be masked and vizarded. Shak.

2. To disguise; to cover; to hide.

Masking the business from the common eye. Shak.

3. (Mil.) (a) To conceal; also, to intervene in the line of. (b) To cover or keep in check; as, to mask a body of troops or a fortess by a superior force, while some hostile evolution is being carried out.

Mask

Mask, v. i.

1. To take part as a masker in a masquerade. Cavendish.

2. To wear a mask; to be disguised in any way. Shak.

Masked

Masked (?), a.

1. Wearing a mask or masks; characterized by masks; cincealed; hidden.

2. (Bot.) Same as Personate.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior part of the head differing decidedly in color from the rest of the plumage; -- said of birds. Masked ball, a ball in which the dancers wear masks. -- Masked battery (Mil.), a battery so placed as not to be seen by an enemy until it opens fire. H. L. Scott. -- Masked crab (Zo\'94l.), a European crab (Corystes cassivelaunus) with markings on the carapace somewhat resembling a human face. -- Masked pig (Zo\'94l.), a Japanese domestic hog (Sus pliciceps). Its face is deeply furrowed.

Masker

Mask"er (?), n. One who wears a mask; one who appears in disguise at a masquerade.

Masker

Mask"er, v. t. To confuse; to stupefy. [Obs.] Holland.

Maskery

Mask"er*y (?), n. The dress or disguise of a maske [Obs.] Marston.

Maskinonge

Mas"ki*nonge (?), n. The muskellunge.

Mask shell

Mask" shell` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any spiral marine shell of the genus Persona, having a curiously twisted aperture.

Maslach

Mas"lach (?), n. [Ar. maslaq: cf. F. masloc.] (Med.) An excitant containing opium, much used by the Turks. Dunglison.

Maslin

Mas"lin (?), n. [OE. missellane, misceline, miscelin, meslin, fr. miscellane. See Miscellane.]

1. A mixture composed of different materials; especially: (a) A mixture of metals resembling brass. (b) A mixture of different sorts of grain, as wheat and rye. [Written also meslin, mislin, maselyn, mastlin.]

2. A vessel made of maslin, 1 (a). [Obs.]

Mead eke in a maselyn. Chaucer.

Maslin

Mas"lin, a. Composed of different sorts; as, maslin bread, which is made of rye mixed with a little wheat. [Written also meslin, mislin, etc.]

Mason

Ma"son (?), n. [F. ma, LL. macio, machio, mattio, mactio, marcio, macerio; of uncertain origin.]

1. One whose occupation is to build with stone or brick; also, one who prepares stone for building purposes.

2. A member of the fraternity of Freemasons. See Freemason. Mason bee (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of solitary bees of the genus Osmia. They construct curious nests of hardened mud and sand. -- Mason moth (Zo\'94l.), any moth whose larva constructs an earthen cocoon under the soil. -- Mason shell (Zo\'94l.), a marine univalve shell of the genus Phorus; -- so called because it cements other shells and pebbles upon its own shell; a carrier shell. -- Mason wasp (Zo\'94l.), any wasp that constructs its nest, or brood cells, of hardened mud. The female fills the cells with insects or spiders, paralyzed by a sting, and thus provides food for its larv\'91

Mason

Ma"son, v. t. To build stonework or brickwork about, under, in, over, etc.; to construct by masons; -- with a prepositional suffix; as, to mason up a well or terrace; to mason in a kettle or boiler.

Masonic

Ma*son"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Freemasons or to their craft or mysteries.

Masonry

Ma"son*ry (?), n. [F. ma\'87onnerie.]

1. The art or occupation of a mason.

2. The work or performance of a mason; as, good or bad masonry; skillful masonry.

3. That which is built by a mason; anything constructed of the materials used by masons, such as stone, brick, tiles, or the like. Dry masonry is applied to structures made without mortar.

4. The craft, institution, or mysteries of Freemasons; freemasonry.

Masoola boat

Ma*soo"la boat` (?). A kind of boat used on the coast of Madras, India. The planks are sewed together with strands of coir which cross over a wadding of the same material, so that the shock on taking the beach through surf is much reduced. [Written also masula, masulah, etc.]

Masora

Ma*so"ra (?), n. [NHeb. m\'bes tradition.] A Jewish critical work on the text of the Hebrew Scriptures, composed by several learned rabbis of the school of Tiberias, in the eighth and ninth centuries. [Written also Masorah, Massora, and Massorah.]

Masoret

Mas"o*ret (?), n. A Masorite. [Written also Masorete, and Massorete.]

Masoretic, Masoretical

Mas`o*ret"ic (?), Mas`o*ret"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. massor\'82tique.] Of or relating to the Masora, or to its authors. Masoretic points and accents, the vowel points and accents of the Hebrew text of the Bible, of which the first mention is in the Masora.

Masorite

Mas"o*rite (?), n. One of the writers of the Masora.

Masque

Masque (?), n. A mask; a masquerade.

Masquerade

Mas`quer*ade" (?), n. [F. mascarade, fr. Sp. mascarada, or It. mascherata. See Mask.]

1. An assembly of persons wearing masks, and amusing themselves with dancing, conversation, or other diversions.

In courtly balls and midnight masquerades. Pope.

2. A dramatic performance by actors in masks; a mask. See 1st Mask, 4. [Obs.]

3. Acting or living under false pretenses; concealment of something by a false or unreal show; pretentious show; disguise.

That masquerade of misrepresentation which invariably accompanied the political eloquence of Rome. De Quincey.

4. A Spanish diversion on horseback.

Masquerade

Mas`quer*ade", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Masqueraded; p. pr. & vb. n. Masquerading.]

1. To assemble in masks; to take part in a masquerade.

2. To frolic or disport in disquise; to make a pretentious show of being what one is not.

A freak took an ass in the head, and he goes into the woods, masquerading up and down in a lion's skin. L'Estrange.

Masquerade

Mas`quer*ade", v. t. To conceal with masks; to disguise. "To masquerade vice." Killingbeck.

Masquerader

Mas`quer*ad"er (?), n. One who masquerades; a person wearing a mask; one disguised.

Mass

Mass (?), n. [OE. masse, messe, AS. m\'91sse. LL. missa, from L. mittere, missum, to send, dismiss: cf. F. messe. In the ancient churches, the public services at which the catechumens were permitted to be present were called missa catechumenorum, ending with the reading of the Gospel. Then they were dismissed with these words : "Ite, missa est" [sc. ecclesia], the congregation is dismissed. After that the sacrifice proper began. At its close the same words were said to those who remained. So the word gave the name of Mass to the sacrifice in the Catholic Church. See Missile, and cf. Christmas, Lammas, Mess a dish, Missal.]

1. (R. C. Ch.) The sacrifice in the sacrament of the Eucharist, or the consecration and oblation of the host.

2. (Mus.) The portions of the Mass usually set to music, considered as a musical composition; -- namely, the Kyrie, the Gloria, the Credo, the Sanctus, and the Agnus Dei, besides sometimes an Offertory and the Benedictus. Canon of the Mass. See Canon. -- High Mass, Mass with incense, music, the assistance of a deacon, subdeacon, etc. -- Low Mass, Mass which is said by the priest through-out, without music. -- Mass bell, the sanctus bell. See Sanctus. -- Mass book, the missal or Roman Catholic service book.

Mass

Mass (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Massed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Massing.] To celebrate Mass. [Obs.] Hooker.

Mass

Mass, n. [OE. masse, F. masse, L. massa; akin to Gr. Macerate.]

1. A quantity of matter cohering together so as to make one body, or an aggregation of particles or things which collectively make one body or quantity, usually of considerable size; as, a mass of ore, metal, sand, or water.

If it were not for these principles, the bodies of the earth, planets, comets, sun, and all things in them, would grow cold and freeze, and become inactive masses. Sir I. Newton.
A deep mass of continual sea is slower stirred To rage. Savile.

2. (Phar.) A medicinal substance made into a cohesive, homogeneous lump, of consistency suitable for making pills; as, blue mass.

3. A large quantity; a sum.

All the mass of gold that comes into Spain. Sir W. Raleigh.
He had spent a huge mass of treasure. Sir J. Davies.

4. Bulk; magnitude; body; size.

This army of such mass and charge. Shak.

5. The principal part; the main body.

Night closed upon the pursuit, and aided the mass of the fugitives in their escape. Jowett (Thucyd.).

6. (Physics) The quantity of matter which a body contains, irrespective of its bulk or volume. &hand; Mass and weight are often used, in a general way, as interchangeable terms, since the weight of a body is proportional to its mass (under the same or equal gravitative forces), and the mass is usually ascertained from the weight. Yet the two ideas, mass and weight, are quite distinct. Mass is the quantity of matter in a body; weight is the comparative force with which it tends towards the center of the earth. A mass of sugar and a mass of lead are assumed to be equal when they show an equal weight by balancing each other in the scales. Blue mass. See under Blue. -- Mass center (Geom.), the center of gravity of a triangle. -- Mass copper, native copper in a large mass. -- Mass meeting, a large or general assembly of people, usually a meeting having some relation to politics. -- The masses, the great body of the people, as contrasted with the higher classes; the populace.

Mass

Mass, v. t. To form or collect into a mass; to form into a collective body; to bring together into masses; to assemble.
But mass them together and they are terrible indeed. Coleridge.

Massacre

Mas"sa*cre (?), n. [F., fr. LL. mazacrium; cf. Prov. G. metzgern, metzgen, to kill cattle, G. metzger a butcher, and LG. matsken to cut, hew, OHG. meizan to cut, Goth. m\'a0itan.]

1. The killing of a considerable number of human beings under circumstances of atrocity or cruelty, or contrary to the usages of civilized people; as, the massacre on St. Bartholomew's Day.<-- St. Valentine's Day massacre; Amritsar massacre; the Wounded Knee massacre. -->

2. Murder. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- Massacre, Butchery, Carnage. Massacre denotes the promiscuous slaughter of many who can not make resistance, or much resistance. Butchery refers to cold-blooded cruelty in the killing of men as if they were brute beasts. Carnage points to slaughter as producing the heaped-up bodies of the slain.

I'll find a day to massacre them all, And raze their faction and their family. Shak.
If thou delight to view thy heinous deeds, Brhold this pattern of thy butcheries. Shak.
Such a scent I draw Of carnage, prey innumerable ! Milton.

Massacre

Mas"sa*cre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Massacred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Massacring (?).] [Cf. F. massacrer. See Massacre, n.] To kill in considerable numbers where much resistance can not be made; to kill with indiscriminate violence, without necessity, and contrary to the usages of nations; to butcher; to slaughter; -- limited to the killing of human beings.
If James should be pleased to massacre them all, as Maximian had massacred the Theban legion. Macaulay.

Massacrer

Mas"sa*crer (?), n. One who massacres. [R.]

Massage

Mas"sage (?), n. [F.] A rubbing or kneading of the body, especially when performed as a hygienic or remedial measure.

Massasauga

Mas`sa*sau"ga (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The black rattlesnake (Crotalus, ∨ Caudisona, tergemina), found in the Mississippi Valley.

Mass\'82, ∨ Mass\'82 shot

Mass\'82, ∨ Mass\'82 shot (?), n. (Billiards) A stroke made with the cue held vertically.

Masser

Mass"er, n. A priest who celebrates Mass. [R.] Bale.

Masseter

Mas"se*ter (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. mass\'82ter.] (Anat.) The large muscle which raises the under jaw, and assists in mastication.

Masseteric

Mas`se*ter"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the masseter.

Masseterine

Mas"se*ter`ine (?), a. (Anat.) Masseteric.

Masseur, n. m., Masseuse

Mas`seur" (?), n. m., Mas`seuse" (?), n. f.,} [F., or formed in imitation of French. See Massage.] (Med.) One who performs massage.

Massicot

Mas"si*cot (?), n. [F. massicot; E. masticot is a corruption.] (Chem.) Lead protoxide, PbO, obtained as a yellow amorphous powder, the fused and crystalline form of which is called litharge; lead ocher. It is used as a pigment.<-- now pref. Lead monoxide; also, lead oxide yellow, as opposed to red lead, which is lead tetroxide Pb3O4 --> &hand; Massicot is sometimes used by painters, and also as a drier in the composition of ointments and plasters.

Massiness

Mass"i*ness (?), n. [From Massy.] The state or quality of being massy; ponderousness.
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Massive

Mass"ive (?), a. [F. massif.]

1. Forming, or consisting of, a large mass; compacted; weighty; heavy; massy. "Massive armor." Dr. H. More.

2. (Min.) In mass; not necessarily without a crystalline structure, but having no regular form; as, a mineral occurs massive. Massive rock (Geol.), a compact crystalline rock not distinctly schistone, as granite; also, with some authors, an eruptive rock.

Massively

Mass"ive*ly, adv. In a heavy mass.

Massiveness

Mass"ive*ness, n. The state or quality of being massive; massiness.

Massoola boat

Mas*soo"la boat`. See Masoola boat.

Massora

Mas*so"ra (?), n. Same as Masora.

Massoret

Mas"so*ret (?), n. Same as Masorite.

Massy

Mass"y (?), a. [Compar. Massier (?); superl. Massiest.] Compacted into, or consisting of, a mass; having bulk and weight ot substance; ponderous; bulky and heavy; weight; heavy; as, a massy shield; a massy rock.
Your swords are now too massy for your strengths, And will not be uplifted. Shak.
Yawning rocks in massy fragments fly. Pope.

Mast

Mast (?), n. [AS. m\'91st, fem. ; akin to G. mast, and E. meat. See Meat.] The fruit of the oak and beech, or other forest trees; nuts; acorns.
Oak mast, and beech, . . . they eat. Chapman.
Swine under an oak filling themselves with the mast. South.

Mast

Mast, n. [AS. m\'91st, masc.; akin to D., G., Dan., & Sw. mast, Icel. mastr, and perh. to L. malus.]

1. (Naut.) A pole, or long, strong, round piece of timber, or spar, set upright in a boat or vessel, to sustain the sails, yards, rigging, etc. A mast may also consist of several pieces of timber united by iron bands, or of a hollow pillar of iron or steel.

The tallest pine Hewn on Norwegian hills, to be the mast Of some great ammiral.<--sic--> Milton.
&hand; The most common general names of masts are foremast, mainmast, and mizzenmast, each of which may be made of separate spars.

2. (Mach.) The vertical post of a derrick or crane. Afore the mast, Before the mast. See under Afore, and Before. -- Mast coat. See under Coat. -- Mast hoop, one of a number of hoops attached to the fore edge of a boom sail, which slip on the mast as the sail is raised or lowered; also, one of the iron hoops used in making a made mast. See Made.

Mast

Mast, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Masted; p. pr. & vb. n. Masting.] To furnish with a mast or masts; to put the masts of in position; as, to mast a ship.

Mastax

Mas"tax (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The pharynx of a rotifer. It usually contains four horny pieces. The two central ones form the incus, against which the mallei, or lateral ones, work so as to crush the food. (b) The lore of a bird.

Masted

Mast"ed (?), a. Furnished with a mast or masts; -- chiefly in composition; as, a three-masted schooner.

Master

Mast"er (?), n. (Naut.) A vessel having (so many) masts; -- used only in compounds; as, a two-master.

Master

Mas"ter (?), n. [OE. maistre, maister, OF. maistre, mestre, F. ma\'8ctre, fr. L. magister, orig. a double comparative from the root of magnus great, akin to Gr. Maestro, Magister, Magistrate, Magnitude, Major, Mister, Mistress, Mickle.]

1. A male person having another living being so far subject to his will, that he can, in the main, control his or its actions; -- formerly used with much more extensive application than now. (a) The employer of a servant. (b) The owner of a slave. (c) The person to whom an apprentice is articled. (d) A sovereign, prince, or feudal noble; a chief, or one exercising similar authority. (e) The head of a household. (f) The male head of a school or college. (g) A male teacher. (h) The director of a number of persons performing a ceremony or sharing a feast. (i) The owner of a docile brute, -- especially a dog or horse. (j) The controller of a familiar spirit or other supernatural being.

2. One who uses, or controls at will, anything inanimate; as, to be master of one's time. Shak.

Master of a hundred thousand drachms. Addison.
We are masters of the sea. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

3. One who has attained great skill in the use or application of anything; as, a master of oratorical art.

Great masters of ridicule. Maccaulay.
No care is taken to improve young men in their own language, that they may thoroughly understand and be masters of it. Locke.

4. A title given by courtesy, now commonly pronounced m\'ccster, except when given to boys; -- sometimes written Mister, but usually abbreviated to Mr.

5. A young gentleman; a lad, or small boy.

Where there are little masters and misses in a house, they are impediments to the diversions of the servants. Swift.

6. (Naut.) The commander of a merchant vessel; -- usually called captain. Also, a commissioned officer in the navy ranking next above ensign and below lieutenant; formerly, an officer on a man-of-war who had immediate charge, under the commander, of sailing the vessel.

7. A person holding an office of authority among the Freemasons, esp. the presiding officer; also, a person holding a similar office in other civic societies. Little masters, certain German engravers of the 16th century, so called from the extreme smallness of their prints. -- Master in chancery, an officer of courts of equity, who acts as an assistant to the chancellor or judge, by inquiring into various matters referred to him, and reporting thereon to the court. -- Master of arts, one who takes the second degree at a university; also, the degree or title itself, indicated by the abbreviation M. A., or A. M. -- Master of the horse, the third great officer in the British court, having the management of the royal stables, etc. In ceremonial cavalcades he rides next to the sovereign. -- Master of the rolls, in England, an officer who has charge of the rolls and patents that pass the great seal, and of the records of the chancery, and acts as assistant judge of the court. Bouvier. Wharton. -- Past master, one who has held the office of master in a lodge of Freemasons or in a society similarly organized. -- The old masters, distinguished painters who preceded modern painters; especially, the celebrated painters of the 16th and 17th centuries. -- To be master of one's self, to have entire self-control; not to be governed by passion. -- To be one's own master, to be at liberty to act as one chooses without dictation from anybody. &hand; Master, signifying chief, principal, masterly, superior, thoroughly skilled, etc., is often used adjiectively or in compounds; as, master builder or master-builder, master chord or master-chord, master mason or master-mason, master workman or master-workman, master mechanic, master mind, master spirit, master passion, etc.

Throughout the city by the master gate. Chaucer.
Master joint (Geol.), a quarryman's term for the more prominent and extended joints traversing a rock mass. -- Master key, a key adapted to open several locks differing somewhat from each other; figuratively, a rule or principle of general application in solving difficulties. -- Master lode (Mining), the principal vein of ore. -- Master mariner, an experienced and skilled seaman who is certified to be competent to command a merchant vessel. -- Master sinew (Far.), a large sinew that surrounds the hough of a horse, and divides it from the bone by a hollow place, where the windgalls are usually seated. -- Master singer. See Mastersinger. -- Master stroke, a capital performance; a masterly achievement; a consummate action; as, a master stroke of policy. -- Master tap (Mech.), a tap for forming the thread in a screw cutting die. -- Master touch. (a) The touch or skill of a master. Pope. (b) Some part of a performance which exhibits very skillful work or treatment. "Some master touches of this admirable piece." Tatler. -- Master work, the most important work accomplished by a skilled person, as in architecture, literature, etc.; also, a work which shows the skill of a master; a masterpiece. -- Master workman, a man specially skilled in any art, handicraft, or trade, or who is an overseer, foreman, or employer.

Master

Mas"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mastered (?); p. pr. vb. n. Mastering.]

1. To become the master of; to subject to one's will, control, or authority; to conquer; to overpower; to subdue.

Obstinacy and willful neglects must be mastered, even though it cost blows. Locke.

2. To gain the command of, so as to understand or apply; to become an adept in; as, to master a science.

3. To own; to posses. [Obs.]

The wealth That the world masters. Shak.

Master

Mas"ter, v. i. To be skillful; to excel. [Obs.]

Masterdom

Mas"ter*dom (?), n. [Master + -dom.] Dominion; rule; command. [R.] Shak.

Masterful

Mas"ter*ful (?), a.

1. Inclined to play the master; domineering; imperious; arbitrary. Dryden.

2. Having the skill or power of a master; indicating or expressing power or mastery.

His masterful, pale face. Mrs. Browning.

Masterfully

Mas"ter*ful*ly, adv. In a masterful manner; imperiously.
A lawless and rebellious man who held lands masterfully and in high contempt of the royal authority. Macaulay.

Masterhood

Mas"ter*hood (?), n. The state of being a master; hence, disposition to command or hector. C. Bront\'82.

Masterless

Mas"ter*less, a. Destitute of a master or owner; ungoverned or ungovernable. -- Mas"ter*less*ness, n.

Masterliness

Mas"ter*li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being masterly; ability to control wisely or skillfully.

Masterly

Mas"ter*ly, a.

1. Suitable to, or characteristic of, a master; indicating thorough knowledge or superior skill and power; showing a master's hand; as, a masterly design; a masterly performance; a masterly policy. "A wise and masterly inactivity." Sir J. Mackintosh.

2. Imperious; domineering; arbitrary.

Masterly

Mas"ter*ly, adv. With the skill of a master.
Thou dost speak masterly. Shak.

Masterous

Mas"ter*ous (?), a. Masterly. [Obs.] Milton.

Masterpiece

Mas"ter*piece` (?), n. Anything done or made with extraordinary skill; a capital performance; a chef-d'\'d2uvre; a supreme achievement.
The top and masterpiece of art. South.
Dissimulation was his masterpiece. Claredon.

Mastership

Mas"ter*ship, n.

1. The state or office of a master.

2. Mastery; dominion; superior skill; superiority.

Where noble youths for mastership should strive. Driden.

3. Chief work; masterpiece. [Obs.] Dryden.

4. An ironical title of respect.

How now, seignior Launce ! what news with your mastership ? Shak.

Mastersinger

Mas"ter*sing`er (?), n. [A translation of G. meisters\'84nger.] One of a class of poets which flourished in Nuremberg and some other cities of Germany in the 15th and 16th centuries. They bound themselves to observe certain arbitrary laws of rhythm.

Masterwort

Mas"ter*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A tall and coarse European umbelliferous plant (Peucedanum Ostruthium, formerly Imperatoria). (b) The Astrantia major, a European umbelliferous plant with a showy colored involucre. (c) Improperly, the cow parsnip (Heracleum lanatum).

Mastery

Mas"ter*y (?), n.; pl. Masteries (#). [OF. maistrie.]

1. The position or authority of a master; dominion; command; supremacy; superiority.

If divided by mountains, they will fight for the mastery of the passages of the tops. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. Superiority in war or competition; victory; triumph; pre\'89minence.

The voice of them that shout for mastery. Ex. xxxii. 18.
Every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all things. 1 Cor. ix. 25.
O, but to have gulled him Had been a mastery. B. Jonson.

3. Contest for superiority. [Obs.] Holland.

4. A masterly operation; a feat. [Obs.]

I will do a maistrie ere I go. Chaucer.

5. Specifically, the philosopher's stone. [Obs.]

6. The act process of mastering; the state of having mastered.

He could attain to a mastery in all languages. Tillotson.
The learning and mastery of a tongue, being unpleasant in itself, should not be cumbered with other difficulties. Locke.

Mastful

Mast"ful (?), a. [See lst Mast.] Abounding in mast; producing mast in abundance; as, the mastful forest; a mastful chestnut. Dryden.

Masthead

Mast"head` (?), n. (Naut.) The top or head of a mast; the part of a mast above the hounds.

Masthead

Mast"head", v. t. (Naut.) To cause to go to the masthead as a punishment. Marryat.

Masthouse

Mast"house` (?), n. A building in which vessels' masts are shaped, fitted, etc.

Mastic

Mas"tic (?), n. [F., fr. L. mastiche, mastichum, Gr. [Written also mastich.]

1. (Bot.) A low shrubby tree of the genus Pistacia (P. Lentiscus), growing upon the islands and coasts of the Mediterranean, and producing a valuable resin; -- called also, mastic tree.

2. A resin exuding from the mastic tree, and obtained by incision. The best is in yellowish white, semitransparent tears, of a faint smell, and is used as an astringent and an aromatic, also as an ingredient in varnishes.

3. A kind of cement composed of burnt clay, litharge, and linseed oil, used for plastering walls, etc. Barbary mastic (Bot.), the Pistachia Atlantica. -- Peruvian mastic tree (Bot.), a small tree (Schinus Molle) with peppery red berries; -- called also pepper tree. -- West Indian mastic (Bot.), a lofty tree (Bursera gummifera) full of gum resin in every part.

Masticable

Mas"ti*ca*ble (?), a. Capable of being masticated.

Masticador

Mas`ti*ca"dor (?), n. [Cf. Sp. mastigador. See Masticate.] (Man.) A part of a bridle, the slavering bit. [Written also mastigador.]

Masticate

Mas"ti*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Masticated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Masticating (?).] [L. masticatus, p. p. of masticare to chew, prob. fr. mastiche mastic. See Mastic.] To grind or crush with, or as with, the teeth and prepare for swallowing and digestion; to chew; as, to masticate food.

Masticater

Mas"ti*ca`ter (?), n. One who masticates.

Mastication

Mas`ti*ca"tion (?), n. [L. masticatio: cf. F. mastication.] The act or operation of masticating; chewing, as of food.
Mastication is a necessary preparation of solid aliment, without which there can be no good digestion. Arbuthnot.

Masticator

Mas"ti*ca`tor (?), n.

1. One who masticates.

2. A machine for cutting meat into fine pieces for toothless people; also, a machine for cutting leather, India rubber, or similar tough substances, into fine pieces, in some processes of manufacture.

Masticatory

Mas"ti*ca*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. masticatoire.] Chewing; adapted to perform the office o

Masticatory

Mas"ti*ca*to*ry, n.; pl. -ries (. (Med.) A substance to be chewed to increase the saliva. Bacon.

Mastich

Mas"tich (?), n. See Mastic.

Masticin

Mas"ti*cin (?), n. (Chem.) A white, amorphous, tenacious substance resembling caoutchouc, and obtained as an insoluble residue of mastic.

Masticot

Mas"ti*cot (?), n. (Chem.) Massicot. [Obs.]

Mastiff

Mas"tiff (?), n.; pl. Mastiffs (. [Mastives is irregular and unusual.] [Prob. fr. Prov. E. masty, adj., large, n., a great dog, prob. fr. mast fruit, and hence, lit., fattened with mast. There is perh. confusion with OF. mestif mongrel; cf. also F. m\'83tin mastiff, OF. mastin.] (Zo\'94l.) A breed of large dogs noted for strength and courage. There are various strains, differing in form and color, and characteristic of different countries. Mastiff bat (Zo\'94l.) , any bat of the genus Molossus; so called because the face somewhat resembles that of a mastiff.

Mastigopod

Mas"ti*go*pod (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Mastigopoda.

Mastigopoda

Mas`ti*gop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The Infusoria.

Mastigure

Mas"ti*gure (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several large spiny-tailed lizards of the genus Uromastix. They inhabit Southern Asia and North Africa.

Masting

Mast"ing (?), n. (Naut.) The act or process of putting a mast or masts into a vessel; also, the scientific principles which determine the position of masts, and the mechanical methods of placing them. Masting house (Naut.), a large building, with suitable mechanism overhanging the water, used for stepping and unstepping the masts of vessels.

Mastitis

Mas*ti"tis (?), n. [Gr. -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the breast.

Mastless

Mast"less (?), a. [See lst Mast.] Bearing no mast; as, a mastless oak or beech. Dryden.

Mastless

Mast"less, a. [See 2d Mast.] Having no mast; as, a mastless vessel.
Page 901

Mastlin

Mast"lin (?), n. See Maslin.

Mastodon

Mas"to*don (?), n. [Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct genus of mammals closely allied to the elephant, but having less complex molar teeth, and often a pair of lower, as well as upper, tusks, which are incisor teeth. The species were mostly larger than elephants, and their romains occur in nearly all parts of the world in deposits ranging from Miocene to late Quaternary time.

Mastodonsaurus

Mas`to*don*sau"rus (?), n. [NL., fr. E. Mastodon + Gr. (Paleon.) A large extinct genus of labyrinthodonts, found in the European Triassic rocks.

Mastodontic

Mas`to*don"tic (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a mastodon; as, mastodontic dimensions. Everett.

Mastodynia, Mastodyny

Mas`to*dyn"i*a (?), Mas*tod"y*ny (, n. [NL. mastodynia, fr. Gr. (Med.) Pain occuring in the mamma or female breast, -- a form of neuralgia.

Mastoid

Mas"toid (?), a. [Gr. masto\'8bde.] (Anat.) (a) Resembling the nipple or the breast; -- applied specifically to a process of the temporal bone behind the ear. (b) Pertaining to, or in the region of, the mastoid process; mastoidal.

Mastoidal

Mas*toid"al (?), a. Same as Mastoid.

Mastology

Mas*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. mastologie.] The natural history of Mammalia.

Mastress

Mas"tress (?), n. Mistress. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Masturbation

Mas`tur*ba"tion (?), n. [L. masturbatus, p. p. of masturbari to practice onanism: cf. F. masturbation.] Onanism; self-pollution.

Masty

Mast"y (?), a. [See lst Mast.] Full of mast; abounding in acorns, etc.

Masula boat

Ma*su"la boat` (?). Same as Masoola boat.

Mat

Mat (?), n. [Cf. Matte.] A name given by coppersmiths to an alloy of copper, tin, iron, etc., usually called white metal. [Written also matt.]

Mat

Mat, a. [OF. See 4th Mate.] Cast down; dejected; overthrown; slain. [Obs.]
When he saw them so piteous and so maat. Chaucer.

Mat

Mat, n. [AS. matt, meatt, fr. L. matta a mat made of rushes.]

1. A fabric of sedge, rushes, flags, husks, straw, hemp, or similar material, used for wiping and cleaning shoes at the door, for covering the floor of a hall or room, and for other purposes.

2. Any similar fabric for various uses, as for covering plant houses, putting beneath dishes or lamps on a table, securing rigging from friction, and the like.

3. Anything growing thickly, or closely interwoven, so as to resemble a mat in form or texture; as, a mat of weeds; a mat of hair.

4. An ornamental border made of paper, pasterboard, metal, etc., put under the glass which covers a framed picture; as, the mat of a daguerreotype. Mat grass. (Bot.) (a) A low, tufted, European grass (Nardus stricta). (b) Same as Matweed. -- Mat rush (Bot.), a kind of rush (Scirpus lacustris) used in England for making mats.

Mat

Mat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Matted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Matting.]

1. To cover or lay with mats. Evelyn.

2. To twist, twine, or felt together; to interweave into, or like, a mat; to entangle.

And o'er his eyebrows hung his matted hair. Dryden.

Mat

Mat, v. i. To grow thick together; to become interwoven or felted together like a mat.

Matachin

Ma`ta*chin" (?), n. [Sp.] An old dance with swords and bucklers; a sword dance.

Mataco

Mat"a*co (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The three-banded armadillo (Tolypeutis tricinctus). See Illust. under Loricata.

Matadore, Matador

Mat"a*dore, Mat"a*dor (?), n. [Sp. matador, prop., a killer, fr. matar to kill, L. mactare to sacrifice, kill.]

1. The killer; the man appointed to kill the bull in bullfights.

2. (Card Playing) In the game of quadrille or omber, the three principal trumps, the ace of spades being the first, the ace of clubs the third, and the second being the deuce of a black trump or the seven of a red one.

When Lady Tricksey played a four, You took it with a matadore. Swift.

Matagasse

Mat`a*gasse" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A shrike or butcher bird; -- called also mattages. [Prov. Eng.]

Matamata

Ma`ta*ma"ta (?), n. [Pg.] (Zo\'94l.) The bearded tortoise (Chelys fimbriata) of South American rivers.

Matanza

Ma*tan"za (?), n. [Sp., slaughter, fr. matar to kill.] A place where animals are slaughtered for their hides and tallow. [Western U. S.]

Match

Match (?), n. [OE. macche, F. m\'8ache, F. m\'8ache, fr. L. myxa a lamp nozzle, Gr. Mucus.] Anything used for catching and retaining or communicating fire, made of some substance which takes fire readily, or remains burning some time; esp., a small strip or splint of wood dipped at one end in a substance which can be easily ignited by friction, as a preparation of phosphorus or chlorate of potassium. Match box, a box for holding matches. -- Match tub, a tub with a perforated cover for holding slow matches for firing cannon, esp. on board ship. The tub contains a little water in the bottom, for extinguishing sparks from the lighted matches. -- Quick match, threads of cotton or cotton wick soaked in a solution of gunpowder mixed with gum arabic and boiling water and afterwards strewed over with mealed powder. It burns at the rate of one yard in thirteen seconds, and is used as priming for heavy mortars, fireworks, etc. -- Slow match, slightly twisted hempen rope soaked in a solution of limewater and saltpeter or washed in a lye of water and wood ashes. It burns at the rate of four or five inches an hour, and is used for firing cannon, fireworks, etc.

Match

Match, n. [OE. macche, AS. gem\'91cca; akin to gemaca, and to OS. gimako, OHG. gimah fitting, suitable, convenient, Icel. mark suitable, maki mate, Sw. make, Dan. mage; all from the root of E. make, v. See Make mate, and Make, v., and cf. Mate an associate.]

1. A person or thing equal or similar to another; one able to mate or cope with another; an equal; a mate.

Government . . . makes an innocent man, though of the lowest rank, a match for the mightiest of his fellow subjects. Addison.

2. A bringing together of two parties suited to one another, as for a union, a trial of skill or force, a contest, or the like; as, specifically: (a) A contest to try strength or skill, or to determine superiority; an emulous struggle. "Many a warlike match." Drayton.

A solemn match was made; he lost the prize. Dryden.
(b) A matrimonial union; a marriage.

3. An agreement, compact, etc. "Thy hand upon that match." Shak.

Love doth seldom suffer itself to be confined by other matches than those of its own making. Boyle.

4. A candidate for matrimony; one to be gained in marriage. "She . . . was looked upon as the richest match of the West." Clarendon.

5. Equality of conditions in contest or competition.

It were no match, your nail against his horn. Shak.

6. Suitable combination or bringing together; that which corresponds or harmonizes with something else; as, the carpet and curtains are a match.

7. (Founding) A perforated board, block of plaster, hardened sand, etc., in which a pattern is partly imbedded when a mold is made, for giving shape to the surfaces of separation between the parts of the mold. Match boarding (Carp.), boards fitted together with tongue and groove, or prepared to be so fitted. -- Match game, a game arranged as a test of superiority. -- Match plane (Carp.), either of the two planes used to shape the edges of boards which are joined by grooving and tonguing. -- Match plate (Founding), a board or plate on the opposite sides of which the halves of a pattern are fastened, to facilitate molding. Knight. -- Match wheel (Mach.), a cogwheel of suitable pitch to work with another wheel; specifically, one of a pair of cogwheels of equal size.

Match

Match, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Matched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Matching.]

1. To be a mate or match for; to be able to complete with; to rival successfully; to equal.

No settled senses of the world can match The pleasure of that madness. Shak.

2. To furnish with its match; to bring a match, or equal, against; to show an equal competitor to; to set something in competition with, or in opposition to, as equal.

No history or antiquity can matchis policies and his conduct. South.

3. To oppose as equal; to contend successfully against.

Eternal might To match with their inventions they presumed So easy, and of his thunder made a scorn. Milton.

4. To make or procure the equal of, or that which is exactly similar to, or corresponds with; as, to match a vase or a horse; to match cloth. "Matching of patterns and colors." Swift.

5. To make equal, proportionate, or suitable; to adapt, fit, or suit (one thing to another).

Let poets match their subject to their strength. Roscommon.

6. To marry; to give in marriage.

A senator of Rome survived, Would not have matched his daughter with a king. Addison.

7. To fit together, or make suitable for fitting together; specifically, to furnish with a tongue and a groove, at the edges; as, to match boards. Matching machine, a planing machine for forming a tongue or a groove on the edge of a board.

Match

Match, v. i.

1. To be united in marriage; to mate.

I hold it a sin to match in my kindred. Shak.
Let tigers match with hinds, and wolves with sheep. Dryden.

2. To be of equal, or similar, size, figure, color, or quality; to tally; to suit; to correspond; as, these vases match.

Matchable

Match"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being matched; comparable on equal conditions; adapted to being joined together; correspondent. -- Match"a*ble*ness, n.
Sir Walter Raleigh . . . is matchable with the best of the ancients. Hakewill.

Match-cloth

Match"-cloth` (?), n. A coarse cloth.

Match-coat

Match"-coat` (?), n. A coat made of match-cloth.

Matcher

Match"er (?), n. One who, or that which, matches; a matching machine. See under 3d Match.

Matchless

Match"less, a. [Cf. Mateless.]

1. Having no equal; unequaled. "A matchless queen." Waller.

2. Unlike each other; unequal; unsuited. [Obs.] "Matchless ears." Spenser. -- Match"less*ly, adv. -- Match"less*ness, n.

Matchlock

Match"lock` (?), n. An old form of gunlock containing a match for firing the priming; hence, a musket fired by means of a match.

Matchmaker

Match"mak`er (?), n.

1. One who makes matches for burning or kinding.

2. One who tries to bring about marriages.

Matchmaking

Match"mak`ing, n.

1. The act or process of making matches for kindling or burning.

2. The act or process of trying to bring about a marriage for others.

Matchmaking

Match"mak`ing, a. Busy in making or contriving marriages; as, a matchmaking woman.

Mate

Ma"te (?), n. [Sp.] The Paraguay tea, being the dried leaf of the Brazilian holly (Ilex Paraguensis). The infusion has a pleasant odor, with an agreeable bitter taste, and is much used for tea in South America.

Mate

Mate (?), n. [F. mat, abbrev. fr. \'82chec et mat. See Checkmate.] (Chess) Same as Checkmate.

Mate

Mate, a. See 2d Mat. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mate

Mate, v. t. [F. mater to fatigue, enfeeble, humiliate, checkmate. See Mate checkmate.]

1. To confuse; to confound. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To checkmate.

Mate

Mate, n. [Perhaps for older make a companion; cf. also OD. maet companion, mate, D. maat. Cf. Make a companion, Match a mate.]

1. One who customarily associates with another; a companion; an associate; any object which is associated or combined with a similar object.

2. Hence, specifically, a husband or wife; and among the lower animals, one of a pair associated for propagation and the care of their young.

3. A suitable companion; a match; an equal.

Ye knew me once no mate For you; there sitting where you durst not soar. Milton.

4. (Naut.) An officer in a merchant vessel ranking next below the captain. If there are more than one bearing the title, they are called, respectively, first mate, second mate, third mate, etc. In the navy, a subordinate officer or assistant; as, master's mate; surgeon's mate.

Mate

Mate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mated; p. pr. & vb. n. Mating.]

1. To match; to marry.

If she be mated with an equal husband. Shak.

2. To match one's self against; to oppose as equal; to compete with.

There is no passion in the mind of man so weak but it mates and masters the fear of death. Bacon.
I, . . . in the way of loyalty and truth, . . . Dare mate a sounder man than Surrey can be. Shak.

Mate

Mate, v. i. To be or become a mate or mates, especially in sexual companionship; as, some birds mate for life; this bird will not mate with that one.

Mateless

Mate"less, a. [Cf. Matchless.] Having no mate.

Matelote

Mat"e*lote (?), n. [F., fr. matelot a sailor; properly, a dish such as sailors prepare.] A dish of food composed of many kings of fish.

Mateology

Ma`te*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. mat\'82ologie.] A vain, unprofitable discourse or inquiry. [R.]

Mateotechny

Ma`te*o*tech"ny (?), n. [Gr. Any unprofitable science. [Obs.]

Mater

Ma"ter (?), n. [L., mother. See Mother.] See Alma mater, Dura mater, and Pia mater.

Material

Ma*te"ri*al (?), a. [L. materialis, fr. materia stuff, matter: cf. F. mat\'82riel. See Matter, and cf. Mat\'90riel.]

1. Consisting of matter; not spiritual; corporeal; physical; as, material substance or bodies.

The material elements of the universe. Whewell.

2. Hence: Pertaining to, or affecting, the physical nature of man, as distinguished from the mental or moral nature; relating to the bodily wants, interests, and comforts.

3. Of solid or weighty character; not insubstantial; of cinsequence; not be dispensed with; important.

Discourse, which was always material, never trifling. Evelyn.
I shall, in the account of simple ideas, set down only such as are most material to our present purpose. Locke.

4. (Logic.) Pertaining to the matter, as opposed to the form, of a thing. See Matter. Material cause. See under Cause. -- Material evidence (Law), evidence which conduces to the proof or disproof of a relevant hypothesis. Wharton. Syn. -- Corporeal; bodily; important; weighty; momentous; essential.

Material

Ma*te"ri*al, n. The substance or matter of which anything is made or may be made. Raw material, any crude, unfinished, or elementary materials that are adapted to use only by processes of skilled labor. Cotton, wool, ore, logs, etc., are raw material.

Material

Ma*te"ri*al, v. t. To form from matter; to materialize. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Materialism

Ma*te"ri*al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. mat\'82rialisme.]

1. The doctrine of materialists; materialistic views and tenets.

The irregular fears of a future state had been supplanted by the materialism of Epicurus. Buckminster.

2. The tendency to give undue importance to material interests; devotion to the material nature and its wants.

3. Material substances in the aggregate; matter. [R. & Obs.] A. Chalmers.


Page 902

Materialist

Ma*te"ri*al*ist (?), n. [Cf. F. mat\'82rialiste.]

1. One who denies the existence of spiritual substances or agents, and maintains that spiritual phenomena, so called, are the result of some peculiar organization of matter.

2. One who holds to the existence of matter, as distinguished from the idealist, who denies it. Berkeley.

Materialistic, Materialistical

Ma*te`ri*al*is"tic (?), Ma*te`ri*al*is"tic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to materialism or materialists; of the nature of materialism.
But to me his very spiritualism seemed more materialistic than his physics. C. Kingsley.

Materiality

Ma*te`ri*al"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. mat\'82rialit\'82.]

1. The quality or state of being material; material existence; corporeity.

2. Importance; as, the materiality of facts.

Materialization

Ma*te`ri*al*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of materializing, or the state of being materialized.

Materialize

Ma*te"ri*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Materialized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Materializing (?).] [Cf. F. mat\'82rialiser.]

1. To invest wich material characteristics; to make perceptible to the senses; hence, to present to the mind through the medium of material objects.

Having wich wonderful art and beauty materialized, if I may so call it, a scheme of abstracted notions, and clothed the most nice, refined conceptions of philosophy in sensible images. Tatler.

2. To regard as matter; to consider or explain by the laws or principles which are appropriate to matter.

3. To cause to assume a character appropriate to material things; to occupy with material interests; as, to materialize thought.

4. (Spiritualism) To make visable in, or as in, a material form; -- said of spirits.

A female spirit form temporarily materialized, and not distinguishable from a human being. Epes Sargent.

Materialize

Ma*te"ri*al*ize, v. i. To appear as a material form; to take substantial shape. [Colloq.]

Materially

Ma*te"ri*al*ly, adv.

1. In the state of matter.

I do not mean that anything is separable from a body by fire that was not materially pre\'89xistent in it. Boyle.

2. In its essence; substantially.

An ill intention is certainly sufficient to spoil . . . an act in itself materially good. South.

3. In an important manner or degree; essentaily; as, it materially concern us to know the real motives of our actions.

Materialness

Ma*te"ri*al*ness, n. The state of being material.

Materia medica

Ma*te"ri*a med"i*ca (?). [L. See Matter, and Medical.]

1. Material or substance used in the composition of remedies; -- a general term for all substances used as curative agents in medicine.

2. That branch of medical science which treats of the nature and properties of all the substances that are employed for the cure of diseases.

Materiarian

Ma*te`ri*a"ri*an (?), n. [L. materiarius.] See Materialist. [Obs.]

Materiate, Materiated

Ma*te"ri*ate (?), Ma*te"ri*a`ted (?), a. [L. materiatus, p. p. of materiare to build of wood.] Consisting of matter. [Obs.] Bacon.

Materiation

Ma*te`ri*a"tion (?), n. [L. materiatio woodwork.] Act of forming matter. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Mat\'82riel

Ma`t\'82`ri`el" (?), n. [F. See Material.] That in a complex system which constitutes the materials, or instruments employed, in distinction from the personnel, or men; as, the baggage, munitions, provisions, etc., of an army; or the buildings, libraries, and apparatus of a college, in distinction from its officers.

Materious

Ma*te"ri*ous (?), a. See Material. [Obs.]

Maternal

Ma*ter"nal (?), a. [F. maternel, L. maternus, fr. mater mother. See Mother.] Of or pertaining to a mother; becoming to a mother; motherly; as, maternal love; maternal tenderness. Syn. -- See Motherly.

Maternally

Ma*ter"nal*ly, adv. In a motherly manner.

Maternity

Ma*ter"ni*ty (?), n. [F. maternit\'82, LL. maternitas.] The state of being a mother; the character or relation of a mother.

Matfelon

Mat"fel*on (?), n. [W. madfelen.] (Bot.) The knapweed (Centaurea nigra).

Math

Math (?), n. [AS. mm\'bewan to mow, G. mahd math. See Mow to cut (grass).] A mowing, or that which is gathered by mowing; -- chiefly used in composition; as, an aftermath. [Obs.]
The first mowing thereof, for the king's use, is wont to be sooner than the common math. Bp. Hall.

Mathematic

Math`e*mat"ic (?), a. [F. math\'82matique, L. mathematicus, Gr. mind. See Mind.] See Mathematical.

Mathematical

Math`e*mat"ic*al (?), a. [See Mathematic.] Of or pertaining to mathematics; according to mathematics; hence, theoretically precise; accurate; as, mathematical geography; mathematical instruments; mathematical exactness. -- Math`e*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Mathematician

Math`e*ma*ti"cian (?), n. [Cf. F. math\'82maticien.] One versed in mathematics.

Mathematics

Math`e*mat"ics (?), n. [F. math\'82matiques, pl., L. mathematica, sing., Gr. Mathematic, and -ics.] That science, or class of sciences, which treats of the exact relations existing between quantities or magnitudes, and of the methods by which, in accordance with these relations, quantities sought are deducible from other quantities known or supposed; the science of spatial and quantitative relations. &hand; Mathematics embraces three departments, namely: 1. Arithmetic. 2. Geometry, including Trigonometry and Conic Sections. 3. Analysis, in which letters are used, including Algebra, Analytical Geometry, and Calculus. Each of these divisions is divided into pure or abstract, which considers magnitude or quantity abstractly, without relation to matter; and mixed or applied, which treats of magnitude as subsisting in material bodies, and is consequently interwoven with physical considerations.

Mather

Math"er (?), n. See Madder.

Mathes

Math"es (?), n. [Perh. corrupted fr. L. anthemis camomile, Gr. (Bot.) The mayweed. Cf. Maghet.

Mathesis

Ma*the"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Learning; especially, mathematics. [R.] Pope.

Mathurin

Math"u*rin (?), n. (R. C. Ch.) See Trinitarian.

Matico

Ma*ti"co (?), n. (Bot.) A Peruvian plant (Piper, ∨ Artanthe, elongatum), allied to the pepper, the leaves of which are used as a styptic and astringent.

Matie

Mat"ie (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A fat herring with undeveloped roe. [Written also matty.] [Eng. & Scot.]

M&acir;tin

M&acir;`tin" (?), n. [F. m&acir;tin.] (Zo\'94l.) A French mastiff.

Matin

Mat"in (?), n. [F. fr. L. matutinum the morning, matutinus of the morning, Matuta the goddess of the morning. See Matutinal.]

1. Morning. [Obs.] Shak.

2. pl. [F. matines. See Etymol. above.] Morning worship or service; morning prayers or songs.

The winged choristers began To chirp their matins. Cleveland.

3. Time of morning service; the first canonical hour in the Roman Catholic Church.

Matin

Mat"in, a. Of or pertaining to the morning, or to matins; used in the morning; matutinal.

Matinal

Mat"in*al (?), a. Relating to the morning, or to matins; matutinal.

Matin\'82e

Mat`i*n\'82e" (?), n. [F., from matin. See Matin.] A reception, or a musical or dramatic entertainment, held in the daytime. See Soir\'90e.

Matrass

Ma*trass" (?), n. [F. matras; perh. so called from its long narrow neck; cf. OF. matras large arrow, L. materis, mataris, matara, a Celtic javelin, pike; of Celtic origin.] (Chem.) A round-bottomed glass flask having a long neck; a bolthead.

Matress

Mat"ress (?), n. See Matress.

Matriarch

Ma"tri*arch (?), n. [L. mater mother + -arch.] The mother and ruler of a family or of her descendants; a ruler by maternal right.

Matriarchal

Ma`tri*ar"chal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a matriarch; governed by a matriarch.

Matriarchate

Ma"tri*ar"chate (?), n. The office or jurisdiction of a matriarch; a matriarchal form of government.

Matrice

Ma"trice (?), n. [Cf. F. matrice. See Matrix.] See Matrix.

Matricidal

Mat"ri*ci`dal (?), a. Of or pertaining to matricide.

Matricide

Mat"ri*cide (?), n. [L. matricidium; mater mother + coedere to kill, slay: cf. F. matricide. See Mother, and cf. Homicide.]

1. The murder of a mother by her son or daughter.

2. [L. matricida: cf. F. matricide.] One who murders one's own mother.

Matriculate

Ma*tric"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Matriculated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Matriculating.] [L. matricula a public roll or register, dim. of matrix a mother, in respect to propagation, also, a public register. See Matrix.] To enroll; to enter in a register; specifically, to enter or admit to membership in a body or society, particularly in a college or university, by enrolling the name in a register.
In discovering and matriculating the arms of commissaries from North America. Sir W. Scott.

Matriculate

Ma*tric"u*late, v. i. To go though the process of admission to membership, as by examination and enrollment, in a society or college.

Matriculate

Ma*tric"u*late (?), a. Matriculated. Skelton. -- n. One who is matriculated. Arbuthnot.

Matriculation

Ma*tric`u*la"tion (?), n. The act or process of matriculating; the state of being matriculated.

Matrimoine

Mat"ri*moine (?), n. Matrimony. [Obs.]

Matrimonial

Mat`ri*mo"ni*al (?), a. [L. matrimonialis: cf. F. matrimonial. See Matrimony.] Of or pertaining to marriage; derived from marriage; connubial; nuptial; hymeneal; as, matrimonial rights or duties.
If he relied upon that title, he could be but a king at courtesy, and have rather a matrimonial than a regal power. Bacon.
Syn. -- Connubial; conjugal; sponsal; spousal; nuptial; hymeneal.

Matrimonially

Mat`ri*mo"ni*al*ly, adv. In a matrimonial manner.

Matrimonious

Mat`ri*mo"ni*ous (?), a. Matrimonial. [R.] Milton.

Matrimony

Mat"ri*mo*ny (?), n. [OE. matrimoine, through Old French, fr. L. matrimonium, fr. mater mother. See Mother.]

1. The union of man and woman as husband and wife; the nuptial state; marriage; wedlock.

If either of you know any impediment, why ye may not be lawfully joined together in matrimony, ye do now confessit. Book of Com. Prayer (Eng. Ed. )

2. A kind of game at cards played by several persons. Matrimony vine (Bot.), a climbing thorny vine (Lycium barbarum) of the Potato family. Gray. Syn. -- Marriage; wedlock. See Marriage.

Matrix

Ma"trix (?), n.; pl. Matrices (#). [L., fr. mater mother. See Mother, and cf. Matrice.]

1. (Anat.) The womb.

All that openeth the matrix is mine. Ex. xxxiv. 19.

2. Hence, that which gives form or origin to anything; as: (a) (Mech.) The cavity in which anything is formed, and which gives it shape; a die; a mold, as for the face of a type. (b) (Min.) The earthy or stony substance in which metallic ores or crystallized minerals are found; the gangue. (c) pl. (Dyeing) The five simple colors, black, white, blue, red, and yellow, of which all the rest are composed.

3. (Biol.) The lifeless portion of tissue, either animal or vegetable, situated between the cells; the intercellular substance.

4. (Math.) A rectangular arrangement of symbols in rows and columns. The symbols may express quantities or operations.

Matron

Ma"tron (?), n. [F. matrone, L. matrona, fr. mater mother. See Mother.]

1. A wife or a widow, especially, one who has borne children; a woman of staid or motherly manners.

Your wives, your daughters, Your matrons, and your maids. Shak.
Grave from her cradle, insomuch that she was a matron before she was a mother. Fuller.

2. A housekeeper; esp., a woman who manages the domestic economy of a public instution; a head nurse in a hospital; as, the matron of a school or hospital. Jury of matrons (Law), a jury of experienced women called to determine the question of pregnancy when set up in bar of execution, and for other cognate purposes.

Matronage

Mat"ron*age (?), n.

1. The state of a matron.

2. The collective body of matrons. Burke.

Can a politician slight the feelings and convictions of the whole matronage of his country ? Hare.

Matronal

Mat"ron*al (?), a. [L. matronalis.] Of or pertaining to a matron; suitable to an elderly lady or to a married woman; grave; motherly.

Matronhood

Ma"tron*hood (?), n. The state of being a matron.

Matronize

Mat"ron*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Matronized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Matronizing (?).]

1. To make a matron of; to make matronlike.

Childbed matronizes the giddiest spirits. Richardson.

2. To act the part of a marton toward; to superintend; to chaperone; as, to matronize an assembly.

Matronlike

Ma"tron*like` (?), a. Like a matron; sedate; grave; matronly.

Matronly

Ma"tron*ly, a.

1. Advanced in years; elderly.

2. Like, or befitting, a matron; grave; sedate.

Matronymic

Mat`ro*nym"ic (?), n. [L. mater mother + -nymic, as in patronimic.] See Metronymic.

Matross

Ma*tross" (?), n. [D. matroos, fr. F. matelot.] (Mil.) Formerly, in the British service, a gunner or a gunner's mate; one of the soldiers in a train of artillery, who assisted the gunners in loading, firing, and sponging the guns. [Obs.]

Matt

Matt (?), n. See Matte. Knight.

Mattages

Mat`ta*ges" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A shrike or butcher bird; -- written also matagasse. [Prov. Eng.]

Mattamore

Mat"ta*more` (?), n. [F. matamore, from Ar. matm.] A subterranean repository for wheat.

Matte

Matte (?), n. [F. matte; cf. F. mat, masc., matte, fem., faint, dull, dim; -- said of metals. See Mate checkmate.]

1. (Metallurgy) A partly reduced copper sulphide, obtained by alternately roasting and melting copper ore in separating the metal from associated iron ores, and called coarse metal, fine metal, etc., according to the grade of fineness. On the exterior it is dark brown or black, but on a fresh surface is yellow or bronzy in color.

2. A dead or dull finish, as in gilding where the gold leaf is not burnished, or in painting where the surface is purposely deprived of gloss.

Matted

Mat"ted (?), a. [See Matte.] Having a dull surface; unburnished; as, matted gold leaf or gilding. Matted glass, glass ornamented with figures on a dull ground.

Matted

Mat"ted, a. [See 3d Mat.]

1. Covered with a mat or mats; as, a matted floor.

2. Tangled closely together; having its parts adhering closely together; as, matted hair.

Matter

Mat"ter (?), n. [OE. matere, F. mati\'8are, fr. L. materia; perh. akin to L. mater mother. Cf. Mother, Madeira, Material.]

1. That of which anything is composed; constituent substance; material; the material or substantial part of anything; the constituent elements of conception; that into which a notion may be analyzed; the essence; the pith; the embodiment.

He is the matter of virtue. B. Jonson.

2. That of which the sensible universe and all existent bodies are composed; anything which has extension, occupies space, or is perceptible by the senses; body; substance. &hand; Matter is usually divided by philosophical writers into three kinds or classes: solid, liquid, and a\'89riform. Solid substances are those whose parts firmly cohere and resist impression, as wood or stone. Liquids have free motion among their parts, and easily yield to impression, as water and wine. A\'89riform substances are elastic fluids, called vapors and gases, as air and oxygen gas.

3. That with regard to, or about which, anything takes place or is done; the thing aimed at, treated of, or treated; subject of action, discussion, consideration, feeling, complaint, legal action, or the like; theme. "If the matter should be tried by duel." Bacon.

Son of God, Savior of men ! Thy name Shall be the copious matter of my song. Milton.
Every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge. Ex. xviii. 22.

4. That which one has to treat, or with which one has to do; concern; affair; business.

To help the matter, the alchemists call in many vanities out of astrology. Bacon.
Some young female seems to have carried matters so far, that she is ripe for asking advice. Spectator.

5. Affair worthy of account; thing of consequence; importance; significance; moment; -- chiefly in the phrases what matter ? no matter, and the like.

A prophet some, and some a poet, cry; No matter which, so neither of them lie. Dryden.

6. Inducing cause or occasion, especially of anything disagreeable or distressing; difficulty; trouble.

And this is the matter why interpreters upon that passage in Hosea will not consent it to be a true story, that the prophet took a harlot to wife. Milton.

Page 903

7. Amount; quantity; portion; space; -- often indefinite.

Away he goes, . . . a matter of seven miles. L' Estrange.
I have thoughts to tarry a small matter. Congreve.
No small matter of British forces were commanded over sea the year before. Mi
lton.

8. Substance excreted from living animal bodies; that which is thrown out or discharged in a tumor, boil, or abscess; pus; purulent substance.

9. (Metaph.) That which is permanent, or is supposed to be given, and in or upon which changes are effected by psychological or physical processes and relations; -- opposed to form. Mansel.

10. (Print.) Written manuscript, or anything to be set in type; copy; also, type set up and ready to be used, or which has been used, in printing. Dead matter (Print.), type which has been used, or which is not to be used, in printing, and is ready for distribution. -- Live matter (Print.), type set up, but not yet printed from. -- Matter in bar, Matter of fact. See under Bar, and Fact. -- Matter of record, anything recorded. -- Upon the matter, ∨ Upon the whole matter, considering the whole; taking all things into view.

Waller, with Sir William Balfour, exceeded in horse, but were, upon the whole matter, equal in foot. Clarendon.

Matter

Mat"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Mattered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mattering.]

1. To be of importance; to import; to signify.

It matters not how they were called. Locke.

2. To form pus or matter, as an abscess; to maturate. [R.] "Each slight sore mattereth." Sir P. Sidney.

Matter

Mat"ter, v. t. To regard as important; to take account of; to care for. [Obs.]
He did not matter cold nor hunger. H. Brooke.

Matterless

Mat"ter*less, a.

1. Not being, or having, matter; as, matterless spirits. Davies (Wit's Pilgr. ).

2. Unimportant; immaterial. [Obs.]

Matter-of-fact

Mat"ter-of-fact" (?), a. Adhering to facts; not turning aside from absolute realities; not fanciful or imaginative; commonplace; dry.

Mattery

Mat"ter*y (?), a.

1. Generating or containing pus; purulent.

2. Full of substance or matter; important. B. Jonson.

Matting

Mat"ting (?), n. [From Mat, v. t. & i.]

1. The act of interweaving or tangling together so as to make a mat; the process of becoming matted.

2. Mats, in general, or collectively; mat work; a matlike fabric, for use in covering floors, packing articles, and the like; a kind of carpeting made of straw, etc.

3. Materials for mats.

4. An ornamental border. See 3d Mat, 4.

Matting

Mat"ting, n. [See Matte.] A dull, lusterless surface in certain of the arts, as gilding, metal work, glassmaking, etc.

Mattock

Mat"tock (?), n. [AS. mattuc; cf. W. matog.] An implement for digging and grubbing. The head has two long steel blades, one like an adz and the other like a narrow ax or the point of a pickax.
'T is you must dig with mattock and with spade. Shak.

Mattowacca

Mat`to*wac"ca (?), n. [Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) An American clupeoid fish (Clupea mediocris), similar to the shad in habits and appearance, but smaller and less esteemed for food; -- called also hickory shad, tailor shad, fall herring, and shad herring.

Mattress

Mat"tress (?), n. [OF. materas, F. matelas, LL. matratium; cf. Sp. & Pg. almadraque, Pr. almatrac; all from Ar. ma&tsdot;rah a place where anything is thrown, what is thrown under something, fr. &tsdot;araha to throw.]

1. A quilted bed; a bed stuffed with hair, moss, or other suitable material, and quilted or otherwise fastened. [Written also matress.]

2. (Hydraulic Engin.) A mass of interwoven brush, poles, etc., to protect a bank from being worn away by currents or waves.

Maturant

Mat"u*rant (?), n. [L. maturans, p. pr. See Maturate.] (Med.) A medicine, or application, which promotes suppuration.

Maturate

Mat"u*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maturated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Maturating (?).] [L. maturatus, p. p. of maturare to make ripe, fr. maturus ripe, mature. See Mature, v. & a.]

1. To bring to ripeness or maturity; to ripen.

A tree may be maturated artificially. Fuller.

2. To promote the perfect suppuration of (an abscess).

Maturate

Mat"u*rate, v. i. To ripen; to become mature; specif

Maturation

Mat`u*ra"tion (?), n. [L. maturatio a hastening: cf. F. maturation.] The process of bringing, or of coming, to maturity; hence, specifically, the process of suppurating perfectly; the formation of pus or matter.

Maturative

Mat"u*ra*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. maturatif.] Conducing to ripeness or maturity; hence, conducing to suppuration.

Maturative

Mat"u*ra*tive, n. (Med.) A remedy promoting maturation; a maturant.

Mature

Ma*ture" (?), a. [Compar. Maturer (?); superl. Maturest.] [L. maturus; prob. akin to E. matin.]

1. Brought by natural process to completeness of growth and development; fitted by growth and development for any function, action, or state, appropriate to its kind; full-grown; ripe.

Now is love mature in ear. Tennison.
How shall I meet, or how accost, the sage, Unskilled in speech, nor yet mature of age ? Pope.

2. Completely worked out; fully digested or prepared; ready for action; made ready for destined application or use; perfected; as, a mature plan.

This lies glowing, . . . and is almost mature for the violent breaking out. Shak.

3. Of or pertaining to a condition of full development; as, a man of mature years.

4. Come to, or in a state of, completed suppuration. Syn. -- Ripe; perfect; completed; prepared; digested; ready. -- Mature, Ripe. Both words describe fullness of growth. Mature brings to view the progressiveness of the process; ripe indicates the result. We speak of a thing as mature when thinking of the successive stayes through which it has passed; as ripe, when our attention is directed merely to its state. A mature judgment; mature consideration; ripe fruit; a ripe scholar.

Mature

Ma*ture" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Matured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Maturing.] [See Maturate, Mature.] To bring or hasten to maturity; to promote ripeness in; to ripen; to complete; as, to mature one's plans. Bacon.

Mature

Ma*ture", v. i.

1. To advance toward maturity; to become ripe; as, wine matures by age; the judgment matures by age and experience.

2. Hence, to become due, as a note.

Maturely

Ma*ture"ly, adv.

1. In a mature manner; with ripeness; completely.

2. With caution; deliberately. Dryden.

3. Early; soon. [A Latinism, little used] Bentley.

Matureness

Ma*ture"ness, n. The state or quality of being mature; maturity.

Maturer

Ma*tur"er (?), n. One who brings to maturity.

Maturescent

Mat`u*res"cent (?), a. [L. maturescens, p. pr. of maturescere to become ripe, v. incho. from maturus. See Mature, a.] Approaching maturity.

Maturing

Ma*tur"ing (?), a. Approaching maturity; as, maturing fruits; maturing notes of hand.

Maturity

Ma*tu"ri*ty (?), n. [L. maturitas: cf. F. maturit\'82.]

1. The state or quality of being mature; ripeness; full development; as, the maturity of corn or of grass; maturity of judgment; the maturity of a plan.

2. Arrival of the time fixed for payment; a becoming due; termination of the period a note, etc., has to run.

Matutinal

Mat`u*ti"nal (?), a. [L. matutinalis, matutinus: cf. F. matutinal. See Matin.] Of or pertaining to the morning; early.

Matutinary

Ma*tu"ti*na*ry (?), a. Matutinal. [R.]

Matutine

Mat"u*tine (?), a. Matutinal. [R.]

Matweed

Mat"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A name of several maritime grasses, as the sea sand-reed (Ammophila arundinacea) which is used in Holland to bind the sand of the seacoast dikes (see Beach grass, under Beach); also, the Lygeum Spartum, a Mediterranean grass of similar habit.

Maty

Mat"y (?), n. [Etymology uncertain.] A native house servant in India. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

Matzoth

Matz"oth (?), n. [Heb. matsts&omac;th, pl. of matsts\'beh unleavened.] A cake of unleavened bread eaten by the Jews at the feast of the Passover.<-- this is pl. form. sing. is matzo or matzoh. Other plurals matzos and matzohs -->

Maucaco

Mau*ca"co (?), n. [From the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A lemur; -- applied to several species, as the White-fronted, the ruffed, and the ring-tailed lemurs.

Maud

Maud (?), n. A gray plaid; -- used by shepherds in Scotland.

Maudle

Mau"dle (?), v. t. To throw onto confusion or disorder; to render maudlin. [Obs.]

Maudlin

Maud"lin (?), a. [From Maudlin, a contr. of Magdalen, OE. Maudeleyne, who is drawn by painters with eyes swelled and red with weeping.]

1. Tearful; easily moved to tears; exciting to tears; excessively sentimental; weak and silly. "Maudlin eyes." Dryden. "Maudlin eloquence." Roscommon. "A maudlin poetess." Pope. "Maudlin crowd." Southey.

2. Drunk, or somewhat drunk; fuddled; given to drunkenness.

Maudlin Clarence in his malmsey butt. Byron.

Maudlin, Maudeline

Maud"lin, Maude"line (?), n. (Bot.) An aromatic composite herb, the costmary; also, the South European Achillea Ageratum, a kind of yarrow.

Muadlinism

Muad"lin*ism (?), n. A maudlin state. Dickens.

Maudlinwort

Maud"lin*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) The oxeye daisy.

Mauger, Maugre

Mau"ger, Mau"gre (?), prep. [OF. maugr\'82, malgr\'82, F. malgr\'82. See Mal-, Malice, and Agree.] In spite of; in opposition to; notwithstanding.
A man must needs love maugre his heed. Chaucer.
This mauger all the world will I keep safe. Shak.

Maugre

Mau"gre, v. t. To defy. [Obs.] J. Webster.

Maukin

Mau"kin (?), n.

1. See Malkin.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A hare. [Scot.]

Maul

Maul (?), n. [See Mall a hammer.] A heavy wooden hammer or beetle. [Written also mall.]

Maul

Maul, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mauled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mauling.]

1. To beat and bruise with a heavy stick or cudgel; to wound in a coarse manner.

Meek modern faith to murder, hack, and maul. Pope.

2. To injure greatly; to do much harm to.

It mauls not only the person misrepreseted, but him also to whom he is misrepresented. South.

Maule

Maule (?), n. (Bot.) The common mallow.

Mauling

Maul"ing (?), n. A severe beating with a stick, cudgel, or the fist.

Maul-stick

Maul"-stick` (?), n. [G. malerstock; maler a painter + stock stick.] A stick used by painters as a rest for the hand while working. [Written also mahl-stick.]

Maumet

Mau"met (?), n. See Mawmet. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Maunch

Maunch (?), v. t. To munch. [Obs.]

Maunch

Maunch (?), n. See Manche.

Maund

Maund (?), n. [AS. mand, mond.] A hand basket. [Obs.] Herrick.

Maund

Maund, n. [Hind, & Per. man.] An East Indian weight, varying in different localities from 25 to about 82 pounds avoirdupois.

Maund, Maunder

Maund (?), Maund"er (?), v. i. [Cf. F. mendier to beg, E. mendicant.]

1. To beg. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Beau. & Fl.

2. To mutter; to mumble; to grumble; to speak indistinctly or disconnectedly; to talk incoherently.

He was ever maundering by the how that he met a party of scarlet devils. Sir W. Scott.

Maunder

Maund"er, v. t. To utter in a grumbling manner; to mutter.

Maunder

Maund"er, n. A beggar. [Obs.]

Maunderer

Maund"er*er (?), n. One who maunders.

Maundril

Maun"dril (?), n. [Cf. Mandrel.] (Coa A pick with two prongs, to pry with.

Maundy Thursday

Maun"dy Thurs"day (?). [OE. maunde a command, OF. mand\'82, L. mandatum, from mandare to command. See called from the ancient custom of washing the feet of the poor on this day, which was taken to be the fulfillment of the "new commandment," John xiii. 5, 34.] (Eccl.) The Thursday in Passion week, or next before Good Friday.

Maungy

Maun"gy (?), a. Mangy. [Obs.] Skelton.

Mauresque

Mau*resque" (?), a. & n. See Moresque.

Maurist

Maur"ist (?), n. [From Maurus, the favorite disciple of St. Benedict.] A member of the Congregation of Saint Maur, an offshoot of the Benedictines, originating in France in the early part of the seventeenth century. The Maurists have been distinguished for their interest in literature.

Mausolean

Mau`so*le"an (?), a. [L. Mausoleus. See Mausoleum.] Pertaining to a mausoleum; monumental.

Mausoleum

Mau`so*le"um (?), n.; pl. E. Mausoleums (#), L. -lea (#). [L. mausoleum, Gr. A magnificent tomb, or stately sepulchral monument.

Mauther

Mau"ther (?), n. [Cf. AS. m\'91g a maid.] [Also spelled mawther, mother.] A girl; esp., a great, awkward girl; a wench. [Prov. Eng.]

Mauvaniline

Mauv`an"i*line (?), n. (Chem.) See Mauve aniline, under Mauve.

Mauve

Mauve (?), n. [F., mallow, L. malva. So named from the similarity of the color to that of the petals of common mallow, Malva sylvestris. See Mallow.] A color of a delicate purple, violet, or lilac. Mauve aniline (Chem.), a dyestuff produced artificially by the oxidation of commercial aniline, and the first discovered of the so-called coal-tar, or aniline, dyes. It consists of the sulphate of mauve\'8bne, and is a dark brown or bronze amorphous powder, which dissolves to a beatiful purple color. Called also aniline purple, violine, etc.

Mauve\'8bne

Mauve"\'8bne (?), n. (Chem.) An artificial organic base, obtained by oxidizing a mixture of aniline and toluidine, and valuable for the dyestuffs it forms. [Written also mauvine.]

Mauvine

Mauv"ine (?), a. Mauve-colored.

Maverick

Mav"er*ick (?), n. In the southwestern part of the united States, a bullock or heifer that has not been branded, and is unclaimed or wild; -- said to be from Maverick, the name of a cattle owner in Texas who naglected to brand his cattle.

Mavis

Ma"vis (m&amac;"v&icr;s), n. [F. mauvis, Arm. milvid, milfid, milc'hhouid, Corn. melhuez.] (Zo\'94l.) The European throstle or song thrush (Turdus musicus).

Maw

Maw (?), n. [See Mew a gull.] (Zo\'94l.) A gull.

Maw

Maw, n. [OE. mawe, AS. maga stomach; akin to D. maag, OHG. mago, G. magen, Icel. magi, Sw. mage, Dan. mave.

1. A stomach; the receptacle into which food is taken by swallowing; in birds, the craw; -- now used only of the lower animals, exept humorously or in contempt. Chaucer.

Bellies and maws of living creatures. Bacon.

2. Appetite; inclination. [Obs.]

Unless you had more maw to do me good. Beau. & Fl.
Fish maw. (Zo\'94l.) See under Fish.

Maw

Maw, n. An old game at cards. Sir A. Weldon.

Mawk

Mawk (?), n. [OE. mauk, ma, Icel. ma; akin to Dan. maddik, and E. mad an earthworm. See Mad, n.]

1. A maggot. [Scot.]

2. A slattern; a mawks. [Prov. Eng.]

Mawkin

Maw"kin (?), n. See Malkin, and Maukin.

Mawkingly

Mawk"ing*ly (?), adv. Slatternly. [Obs.]

Mawkish

Mawk"ish, a. [Orig., maggoty. See Mawk.]

1. Apt to cause satiety or loathing; nauseous; disgusting.

So sweetly mawkish', and so smoothly dull. Pope.

2. Easily disgusted; squeamish; sentimentally fastidious. J. H. Newman.

Mawkishly

Mawk"ish*ly, adv. In a mawkish way.

Mawkishness

Mawk"ish*ness, n. The quality or state of being mawkish. J. H. Newman.

Mawks

Mawks (?), n. A slattern; a mawk. [Prov. Eng.]

Mawky

Mawk"y (?), a. Maggoty. [Prov. Eng.]

Mawmet

Maw"met (?), n. [Contr. fr. Mahomet.] A puppet; a doll; originally, an idol, because in the Middle Ages it was generally believed that the Mohammedans worshiped images representing Mohammed. [Obs.] Wyclif. Beau. & Fl.

Mawmetry

Maw"met*ry (?), n. The religion of Mohammed; also, idolatry. See Mawmet. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mawmish

Maw"mish (?), a. [Prov. E. maum soft, mellow, rotten; cf. OD. molm rotten wood, G. mulm.] Nauseous. [Obs.] L' Estrange.

Mawseed

Maw"seed` (?), n. [Cf. G. magsamen.] (Bot.) The seed of the opium poppy.

Mawworm

Maw"worm` (?), n. [Maw the belly + worm.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any intestinal worm found in the stomach, esp. the common round worm (Ascaris lumbricoides), and allied species. (b) One of the larv\'91 of botflies of horses; a bot.

Maxilla

Max*il"la (?), n.; pl. Maxill\'91 (#). [L., dim. of mala jaw, jawbone.]

1. (Anat.) (a) The bone of either the upper or the under jaw. (b) The bone, or principal bone, of the upper jaw, the bone of the lower jaw being the mandible. [Now commonly used in this restricted sense.]

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the lower or outer jaws of arthropods. &hand; There are usually two pairs in Crustacea and one pair in insects. In certain insects they are not used as jaws, but may form suctorial organs. See Illust. under Lepidoptera, and Diptera.


Page 904

Maxillar, Maxillary

Max"il*lar (?), Max"il*la*ry (?), a. [L. maxillaris, fr. maxilla jawbone, jaw: cf. F. maxillaire.]

1. (Anat.) Pertaining to either the upper or the lower jaw, but now usually applied to the upper jaw only. -- n. The principal maxillary bone; the maxilla.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a maxilla.

Maxilliform

Max*il"li*form (?), a. [Maxilla + -form: cf. F. maxilliforme.] Having the form, or structure, of a maxilla.

Maxilliped

Max*il"li*ped (?), n. [Maxilla + L. pes, pedis, foot.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the mouth appendages of Crustacea, situated next behind the maxill\'91. Crabs have three pairs, but many of the lower Crustacea have but one pair of them. Called also jawfoot, and foot jaw.

Maxillo-mandibular

Max*il`lo-man*dib"u*lar (?), a. [Maxilla + mandibular.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the maxilla and mandible; as, the maxillo-mandibular nerve.

Maxillo-palatine

Max*il`lo-pal"a*tine (?), a. [Maxilla + palatine.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the maxillary and palatine regions of the skull; as, the maxillo-palatine process of the maxilla. Also used as n.

Maxilloturbinal

Max*il`lo*tur`bi*nal (?), a. [Maxilla + turbinal.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the maxillary and turbinal regions of the skull. -- n. The maxillo-turbinal, or inferior turbinate, bone.

Maxim

Max"im (?), n. [F. maxime, L. maxima (sc. sententia), the greatest sentence, proposition, or axiom, i. e., of the greatest weight or authority, fem. fr. maximus greatest, superl. of magnus great. See Magnitude, and cf. Maximum.]

1. An established principle or proposition; a condensed proposition of important practical truth; an axiom of practical wisdom; an adage; a proverb; an aphorism.

'T is their maxim, Love is love's reward. Dryden.

2. (Mus.) The longest note formerly used, equal to two longs, or four breves; a large. Syn. -- Axiom; aphorism; apothegm; adage; proverb; saying. See Axiom.

Maximilian

Max`i*mil"ian (?), n. [From the proper name.] A gold coin of Bavaria, of the value of about 13s. 6d. sterling, or about three dollars and a quarter.

Maximization

Max`i*mi*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of increasing to the highest degree. Bentham.

Maximize

Max"i*mize (?), v. t. [L. maximus greatest.] To increase to the highest degree. Bentham.

Maximum

Max"i*mum (?), n.; pl. Maxima (#). [L., neut. from maximus the greatest. See Maxim.] The greatest quantity or value attainable in a given case; or, the greatest value attained by a quantity which first increases and then begins to decrease; the highest point or degree; -- opposed to minimum.
Good legislation is the art of conducting a nation to the maximum of happiness, and the minimum of misery. P. Colquhoun.
Maximum thermometer, a thermometer that registers the highest degree of temperature attained in a given time, or since its last adjustment.

Maximum

Max"i*mum, a. Greatest in quantity or highest in degree attainable or attained; as, a maximum consumption of fuel; maximum pressure; maximum heat.

May

May (?), v. [imp. Might (?)] [AS. pres. m\'91g I am able, pret. meahte, mihte; akin to D. mogen, G. m\'94gen, OHG. mugan, magan, Icel. mega, Goth. magan, Russ. moche. Dismay, Main strength, Might. The old imp. mought is obsolete, except as a provincial word.] An auxiliary verb qualifyng the meaning of another verb, by expressing: (a) Ability, competency, or possibility; -- now oftener expressed by can.
How may a man, said he, with idle speech, Be won to spoil the castle of his health ! Spenser.
For what he [the king] may do is of two kinds; what he may do as just, and what he may do as possible. Bacon.
For of all sad words of tongue or pen The saddest are these: "It might have been." Whittier.
(b) Liberty; permission; allowance.
Thou mayst be no longer steward. Luke xvi. 2.
(c) Contingency or liability; possibility or probability.
Though what he learns he speaks, and may advance Some general maxims, or be right by chance. Pope.
(d) Modesty, courtesy, or concession, or a desire to soften a question or remark.
How old may Phillis be, you ask. Prior.
(e) Desire or wish, as in prayer, imprecation, benediction, and the like. "May you live happily." Dryden. May be, ∧ It may be, are used as equivalent to possibly, perhaps, by chance, peradventure. See 1st Maybe.

May

May, n. [Cf. Icel. m\'91r, Goth. mawi; akin to E. maiden. A maiden. [Obs.] Chaucer.

May

May, n. [F. Mai, L. Maius; so named in honor of the goddess Maia (Gr.

1. The fifth month of the year, containing thirty-one days. Chaucer.

2. The early part or springtime of life.

His May of youth, and bloom of lustihood. Shak.

3. (Bot.) The flowers of the hawthorn; -- so called from their time of blossoming; also, the hawthorn.

The palm and may make country houses gay. Nash.
Plumes that micked the may. Tennyson.

4. The merrymaking of May Day. Tennyson. Italian may (Bot.), a shrubby species of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia) with many clusters of small white flowers along the slender branches. -- May apple (Bot.), the fruit of an American plant (Podophyllum peltatum). Also, the plant itself (popularly called mandrake), which has two lobed leaves, and bears a single egg-shaped fruit at the forking. The root and leaves, used in medicine, are powerfully drastic. -- May beetle, May bug (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of large lamellicorn beetles that appear in the winged state in May. They belong to Melolontha, and allied genera. Called also June beetle. -- May Day, the first day of May; -- celebrated in the rustic parts of England by the crowning of a May queen with a garland, and by dancing about a May pole. -- May dew, the morning dew of the first day of May, to which magical properties were attributed. -- May flower (Bot.), a plant that flowers in May; also, its blossom. See Mayflower, in the vocabulary. -- May fly (Zo\'94l.), any species of Ephemera, and allied genera; -- so called because the mature flies of many species appear in May. See Ephemeral fly, under Ephemeral. -- May game, any May-day sport. -- May lady, the queen or lady of May, in old May games. -- May lily (Bot.), the lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis). -- May pole. See Maypole in the Vocabulary. -- May queen, a girl or young woman crowned queen in the sports of May Day. -- May thorn, the hawthorn.

Maya

Ma"ya (?), n. (Hindoo Philos.) The name for the doctrine of the unreality of matter, called, in English, idealism; hence, nothingness; vanity; illusion.

Maybe

May"be (?), adv. [For it may be.] Perhaps; possibly; peradventure.
Maybe the amorous count solicits her. Shak.
In a liberal and, maybe, somewhat reckless way. Tylor.

Maybe

May"be, a. Possible; probable, but not sure. [R.]
Then add those maybe years thou hast to live. Driden.

Maybe

May"be, n. Possibility; uncertainty. [R.]
What they offer is mere maybe and shift. Creech.

Maybird

May"bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The whimbrel; -- called also May fowl, May curlew, and May whaap. (b) The knot. [Southern U. S.] (c) The bobolink.

Maybloom

May"bloom` (?), n. (Bot.) The hawthorn.

Maybush

May"bush` (?), n. (Bot.) The hawthorn.

Mayduke

May"duke` (?), n. [Corrupt. of M\'82doc, a province in France, where it is supposed to have originated.] A large dark-red cherry of excellent quality.

Mayfish

May"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A common American minnow (Fundulus majalis). See Minnow.

Mayflower

May"flow`er (?), n. (Bot.) In England, the hawthorn; in New England, the trailing arbutus (see Arbutus); also, the blossom of these plants.

Mayhap

May"hap (?), adv. Perhaps; peradventure. [Prov. or Dialectic]

Mayhem

May"hem (?), n. [The same as maim. See Maim.] (Law) The maiming of a person by depriving him of the use of any of his members which are necessary for defense or protection. See Maim.

Maying

May"ing (?), n. The celebrating of May Day. "He met her once a-Maying." Milton.

Mayonnaise

Ma`yon`naise" (?), n. [F.] A sauce compounded of raw yolks of eggs beaten up with olive oil to the consistency of a sirup, and seasoned with vinegar, pepper, salt, etc.; -- used in dressing salads, fish, etc. Also, a dish dressed with this sauce.

Mayor

May"or (?), n. [OE. maire, F. maire, fr. L. major greater, higher, nobler, compar. of magnus great; cf. Sp. mayor. See Major, and cf. Merino.] The chief magistrate of a city or borough; the chief officer of a municipal corporation. In some American cities there is a city court of which the major is chief judge.

Mayoral

May"or*al (?), n. [Sp., fr. mayor greater, L. major.] The conductir of a mule team; also, a head shepherd.

Mayoralty

May"or*al*ty (?), n. The office, or the term of office, of a mayor.

Mayoress

May"or*ess (?), n. The wife of a mayor.

Mayorship

May"or*ship, n. The office of a mayor.

Maypole

May"pole` (?), n. A tall pole erected in an open place and wreathed with flowers, about which the rustic May-day sports were had.

Maypop

May"pop (?), n. [Perh. corrupt. fr. maracock.] (Bot.) The edible fruit of a passion flower, especially that of the North American Passiflora incarnata, an oval yellowish berry as large as a small apple.

Mayweed

May"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A composite plant (Anthemis Cotula), having a strong odor; dog's fennel. It is a native of Europe, now common by the roadsides in the United States. (b) The feverfew.

Mazama, Mazame

Ma*za"ma (?), Ma*za"me (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A goatlike antelope (Haplocerus montanus) which inhabits the Rocky Mountains, frequenting the highest parts; -- called also mountain goat.

Mazard

Maz"ard (?), n. [Cf. F. merise a wild cherry.] (Bot.) A kind of small black cherry.

Mazard

Maz"ard, n. [Prob. fr. mazer, the head being compared to a large goblet.] The jaw; the head or skull. [Obs.] Shak.

Mazard

Maz"ard, v. t., To knock on the head. [Obs.]

Mazarine

Maz`a*rine" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Cardinal Mazarin, prime minister of France, 1643-1661. Mazarine Bible, the first Bible, and perhaps the first complete book, printed with movable metal types; -- printed by Gutenberg at Mentz, 1450-55; -- so called because a copy was found in the Mazarine Library, at Paris, about 1760. -- Mazarine blue, a deep blue color, named in honor of Cardinal Mazarin.

Mazarine

Maz`a*rine", n. Mazarine blue.

Mazdean

Maz"de*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Ahura-Mazda, or Ormuzd, the beneficent deity in the Zoroastrian dualistic system; hence, Zoroastrian.

Mazdeism

Maz"de*ism (?), n. The Zoroastrian religion.

Maze

Maze (?), n. [OE. mase; cf. OE. masen to confuse, puzzle, Norweg. masast to fall into a slumber, masa to be continually busy, prate, chatter, Icel. masa to chatter, dial. Sw. masa to bask, be slow, work slowly and lazily, mas slow, lazy.]

1. A wild fancy; a confused notion. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Confusion of thought; perplexity; uncertainty; state of bewilderment.

3. A confusing and baffling network, as of paths or passages; an intricacy; a labyrinth. "Quaint mazes on the wanton green." Shak.

Or down the tempting maze of Shawford brook. Wordaworth.
The ways of Heaven are dark and intricate, Puzzled with mazes, and perplexed with error. Addison.
Syn. -- Labyrinth; intricacy. See Labyrinth.

Maze

Maze (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mazed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mazing.] To perplex greatly; to bewilder; to astonish and confuse; to amaze. South.

Maze

Maze, v. i. To be bewildered. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mazedness

Maz"ed*ness (?), n. The condition of being mazed; confusion; astonishment. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mazeful

Maze"ful (?), a. Mazy. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

Mazer

Maz"er (?), n. [OE. maser, akin to OD. maser an excrescence on a maple tree, OHG. masar, G. maser spot, Icel. m\'94surr maple.] A large drinking bowl; -- originally made of maple. [Obs.]
Their brimful mazers to the feasting bring. Drayton.

Mazily

Ma"zi*ly (?), adv. In a mazy manner.

Maziness

Ma"zi*ness, n. The state or quality of being mazy.

Mazological

Maz`o*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to mazology.

Mazologist

Ma*zol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in mazology or mastology.

Mazology

Ma*zol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] Same as Mastology.

Mazourka, Mazurka

Ma*zour"ka (?), Ma*zur"ka (?), n. A Polish dance, or the music which accompanies it, usually in 3-4 or 3-8 measure, with a strong accent on the second beat.

Mazy

Ma"zy (?), a. [From Maze.] Perplexed with turns and windings; winding; intricate; confusing; perplexing; embarrassing; as, mazy error. Milton.
To range amid the mazy thicket. Spenser.
To run the ring, and trace the mazy round. Dryden.

Me

Me (?), pron. One. See Men, pron. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Me

Me (?), pers. pron. [AS. m, dat. & acc., mec, acc. only ; akin to D. mij, G. mich, Icel. & Goth. mik, L. me, Gr. m\'be, m\'bem. Mine.] The person speaking, regarded as an object; myself; a pronoun of the first person used as the objective and dative case of the pronoum I; as, he struck me; he gave me the money, or he gave the money to me; he got me a hat, or he got a hat for me. &hand; In methinks, me is properly in the dative case, and the verb is impersonal, the construction being, it appears to me. In early use me was often placed before forms of the verb to be with an adjective; as, me were lief.
Me rather had my heart might frrl your love Than my unpleased eye see your courtesy. Shak.

Meach

Meach (?), v. i. To skulk; to cower. See Mich.

Meacock

Mea"cock (?), n. [Prob. fr. meek + cock.] An uxorious, effeminate, or spiritless man. [Obs.] Johnson.

Mead

Mead (?), n. [OE. mede, AS. meodo; akin to D. mede, G. met, meth, OHG. metu, mitu, Icel. mj\'94, Dan. mi\'94d, Sw. mj\'94d, Russ. med', Lith. midus, W. medd, Gr. madhu honey, a sweet drink, as adj., sweet. Metheglin.]

1. A fermented drink made of water and honey with malt, yeast, etc.; metheglin; hydromel. Chaucer.

2. A drink composed of sirup of sarsaparilla or other flavoring extract, and water. It is sometimes charged with carbonic acid gas. [U. S.]

Mead

Mead, n. [AS. m. See Meadow.] A meadow.
A mede All full of freshe flowers, white and reede. Chaucer.
To fertile vales and dewy meads My weary, wandering steps he leads. Addison.

Meadow

Mead"ow (?), n. [AS. meady; akin to m, and to G. matte; prob. also to E. mow. See Mow to cut (grass), and cf. 2d Mead.]

1. A tract of low or level land producing grass which is mown for hay; any field on which grass is grown for hay.

2. Low land covered with coarse grass or rank herbage near rives and in marshy places by the sea; as, the salt meadows near Newark Bay.

Meadow

Mead"ow, a. Of or pertaining to a meadow; of the nature of a meadow; produced, growing, or living in, a meadow. "Fat meadow ground." Milton. &hand; For many names of plants compounded with meadow, see the particular word in the Vocabulary. Meadow beauty. (Bot.) Same as Deergrass. -- Meadow foxtail (Bot.), a valuable pasture grass (Alopecurus pratensis) resembling timothy, but with softer spikes. -- Meadow grass (Bot.), a name given to several grasses of the genus Poa, common in meadows, and of great value for nay and for pasture. See Grass. -- Meadow hay, a coarse grass, or true sedge, growing in uncultivated swamp or river meadow; -- used as fodder or bedding for cattle, packing for ice, etc. [Local, U. S.] -- Meadow hen. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The American bittern. See Stake-driver. (b) The American coot (Fulica). (c) The clapper rail. -- Meadow lark (Zo\'94l.), any species of Sturnella, a genus of American birds allied to the starlings. The common species (S. magna) has a yellow breast with a black crescent. -- Meadow mouse (Zo\'94l.), any mouse of the genus Arvicola, as the common American species A. riparia; -- called also field mouse, and field vole. -- Meadow mussel (Zo\'94l.), an American ribbed mussel (Modiola plicatula), very abundant in salt marshes. -- Meadow ore (Min.), bog-iron ore , a kind of limonite. -- Meadow parsnip. (Bot.) See under Parsnip. -- Meadow pink. (Bot.) See under Pink. -- Meadow pipit (Zo\'94l.), a small singing bird of the genus Anthus, as A. pratensis, of Europe. -- Meadow rue (Bot.), a delicate early plant, of the genus Thalictrum, having compound leaves and numerous white flowers. There are many species. -- Meadow saffron. (Bot.) See under Saffron. -- Meadow sage. (Bot.) See under Sage. -- Meadow saxifrage (Bot.), an umbelliferous plant of Europe (Silaus pratensis), somewhat resembling fennel. -- Meadow snipe (Zo\'94l.), the common or jack snipe.
Page 905

Meadowsweet, Meadowwort

Mead"ow*sweet` (?), Mead"ow*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) The name of several plants of the genus Spir\'91a, especially the white- or pink-flowered S. salicifolia, a low European and American shrub, and the herbaceous S. Ulmaria, which has fragrant white flowers in compound cymes.

Meadowy

Mead"ow*y (?), a. Of or pertaining to meadows; resembling, or consisting of, meadow.

Meager, Meagre

Mea"ger, Mea"gre (?), a. [OE. merge, F. maigre, L. macer; akin to D. & G. mager, Icel. magr, and prob. to Gr. Emaciate, Maigre.]

1. Destitue of, or having little, flesh; lean.

Meager were his looks; Sharp misery had worn him to the bones. Shak.

2. Destitute of richness, fertility, strength, or the like; defective in quantity, or poor in quality; poor; barren; scanty in ideas; wanting strength of diction or affluence of imagery. "Meager soil." Dryden.

Of secular habits and meager religious belief. I. Taylor.
His education had been but meager. Motley.

3. (Min.) Dry and harsh to the touch, as chalk. Syn. -- Thin; lean; lank; gaunt; starved; hungry; poor; emaciated; scanty; barren.

Meager, Meagre

Mea"ger, Mea"gre, v. t. To make lean. [Obs.]

Meagerly, Meagrely

Mea"ger*ly, Mea"gre*ly, adv. Poorly; thinly.

Meagerness, Meagreness

Mea"ger*ness, Mea"gre*ness, n. The state or quality of being meager; leanness; scantiness; barrenness.

Meagre

Mea"gre (?), n. [F. maigre.] (Zo\'94l.) A large European sci\'91noid fish (Sci\'91na umbra or S. aquila), having white bloodless flesh. It is valued as a food fish. [Written also maigre.]

Meak

Meak (?), n. [Cf. AS. m sword, OS. m\'beki, Icel. m\'91kir.] A hook with a long handle. [Obs.] Tusser.

Meaking

Meak"ing, n. [See Meak.] (Naut.) The process of picking out the oakum from the seams of a vessel which is to be recalked. Meaking iron (Naut.), the tool with which old oakum is picked out of a vessel's seams.

Meal

Meal (?), n. [OE. mele, AS. m part, portion, portion of time; akin to E. meal a repast. Cf. Piecemeal.] A part; a fragment; a portion. [Obs.]

Meal

Meal, n. [OE. mel; akin to E. meal a part, and to D. maal time, meal, G. mal time, mahl meal, Icel. m\'bel measure, time, meal, Goth. m time, and to E. measure. See Measure.] The portion of food taken at a particular time for the satisfaction of appetite; the quantity usually taken at one time with the purpose of satisfying hunger; a repast; the acas, the traveler has not eaten a good meal for a week; there was silence during the meal.
What strange fish Hath made his meal on thee ? Shak.

Meal

Meal, n. [OE. mele, AS. melu, melo; akin to D. meel, G. mehl, OHG. melo, Icel. mj\'94l, SW. mj\'94l, Dan. meel, also to D. malen to grind, G. mahlen, OHG., OS., & Goth. malan, Icel. mala, W. malu, L. molere, Gr. mill. Mill, Mold soil, Mole an animal, Immolate, Molar.]

1. Grain (esp. maize, rye, or oats) that is coarsely ground and unbolted; also, a kind of flour made from beans, pease, etc.; sometimes, any flour, esp. if coarse.

2. Any substance that is coarsely pulverized like meal, but not granulated. Meal beetle (Zo\'94l.), the adult of the meal worm. See Meal worm, below. -- Meal moth (Zo\'94l.), a lepidopterous insect (Asopia farinalis), the larv\'91 of which feed upon meal, flour, etc. -- Meal worm (Zo\'94l.), the larva of a beetle (Tenebrio molitor) which infests granaries, bakehouses, etc., and is very injurious to flour and meal.

Meal

Meal, v. t.

1. To sprinkle with, or as with, meal. Shak.

2. To pulverize; as, mealed powder.

Mealies

Meal"ies (?), n. pl. [From Mealy.] (Bot.) Maize or Indian corn; -- the common name in South Africa.

Mealiness

Meal"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being mealy.

Meal-mouthed

Meal"-mouthed` (?), a. See Mealy-mouthed.

Mealtime

Meal"time` (?), n. The usual time of eating a meal.

Mealy

Meal"y (?), a. [Compar. Mealier (?); superl. Mealiest.]

1. Having the qualities of meal; resembling meal; soft, dry, and friable; easily reduced to a condition resembling meal; as, a mealy potato.

2. Overspread with something that resembles meal; as, the mealy wings of an insect. Shak. Mealy bug (Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Coccus adonidum, and related species), covered with a white powderlike substance. It is a common pest in hothouses.

Mealy-mouthed

Meal"y-mouthed` (?), a. Using soft words; plausible; affectedly or timidly delicate of speech; unwilling to tell the truth in plain language. "Mealy-mouthed philanthropies." Tennyson.
She was a fool to be mealy-mouthed where nature speaks so plain. L'Estrange.
-- Meal"y-mouth`ness (#), n.

Mean

Mean (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Meant (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Meaning.] [OE. menen, AS. m&aemac;nan to recite, tell, intend, wish; akin to OS. m&emac;nian to have in mind, mean, D. meenen, G. meinen, OHG. meinan, Icel. meina, Sw. mena, Dan. mene, and to E. mind. Mind, and cf. Moan.]

1. To have in the mind, as a purpose, intention, etc.; to intend; to purpose; to design; as, what do you mean to do ?

What mean ye by this service ? Ex. xii. 26.
Ye thought evil against me; but God meant it unto good. Gen. 1. 20.
I am not a Spaniard To say that it is yours and not to mean it. Longfellow.

2. To signify; to indicate; to import; to denote.

What mean these seven ewe lambs ? Gen. xxi. 29.
Go ye, and learn what that me. Matt. ix. 13.

Mean

Mean, v. i. To have a purpose or intention. [Rare, except in the phrase to mean well, or ill.] Shak.

Mean

Mean (?), a. [Compar. Meaner (?); superl. Meanest.] [OE. mene, AS. m wicked; akin to m\'ben, a., wicked, n., wickedness, OS. m wickedness, OHG. mein, G. meineid perjury, Icel. mein harm, hurt, and perh. to AS. gem common, general, D. gemeen, G. gemein, Goth. gam\'a0ins, and L. communis. The AS. gem prob. influenced the meaning.]

1. Destitute of distinction or eminence; common; low; vulgar; humble. "Of mean parentage." Sir P. Sidney.

The mean man boweth down, and the great man humbleth himself. Is. ii. 9.

2. Wanting dignity of mind; low-minded; base; destitute of honor; spiritless; as, a mean motive.

Can you imagine I so mean could prove, To save my life by changing of my love ? Dryden.

3. Of little value or account; worthy of little or no regard; contemptible; despicable.

The Roman legions and great C\'91sar found Our fathers no mean foes. J. Philips.

4. Of poor quality; as, mean fare.

5. Penurious; stingy; close-fisted; illiberal; as, mean hospitality. &hand; Mean is sometimes used in the formation of compounds, the sense of which is obvious without explanation; as, meanborn, mean-looking, etc. Syn. -- Base; ignoble; abject; beggarly; wretched; degraded; degenerate; vulgar; vile; servile; menial; spiritless; groveling; slavish; dishonorable; disgraceful; shameful; despicable; contemptible; paltry; sordid. See Base.

Mean

Mean, a. [OE. mene, OF. meiien, F. moyen, fr. L. medianus that is in the middle, fr. medius; akin to E. mid. See Mid.]

1. Occupying a middle position; middle; being about midway between extremes.

Being of middle age and a mean stature. Sir. P. Sidney.

2. Intermediate in excellence of any kind.

According to the fittest style of lofty, mean, or lowly. Milton.

3. (Math.) Average; having an intermediate value between two extremes, or between the several successive values of a variable quantity during one cycle of variation; as, mean distance; mean motion; mean solar day. Mean distance (of a planet from the sun) (Astron.), the average of the distances throughout one revolution of the planet, equivalent to the semi-major axis of the orbit. -- Mean error (Math. Phys.), the average error of a number of observations found by taking the mean value of the positive and negative errors without regard to sign. -- Mean-square error, ∨ Error of the mean square (Math. Phys.), the error the square of which is the mean of the squares of all the errors; -- called also, especially by European writers, mean error. -- Mean line. (Crystallog.) Same as Bisectrix. -- Mean noon, noon as determined by mean time. -- Mean proportional (between two numbers) (Math.), the square root of their product. -- Mean sun, a fictitious sun supposed to move uniformly in the equator so as to be on the meridian each day at mean noon. -- Mean time, time as measured by an equable motion, as of a perfect clock, or as reckoned on the supposition that all the days of the year are of a mean or uniform length, in contradistinction from apparent time, or that actually indicated by the sun, and from sidereal time, or that measured by the stars.

Mean

Mean, n.

1. That which is mean, or intermediate, between two extremes of place, time, or number; the middle point or place; middle rate or degree; mediocrity; medium; absence of extremes or excess; moderation; measure.

But to speak in a mean, the virtue of prosperity is temperance; the virtue of adversity is fortitude. Bacon.
There is a mean in all things. Dryden.
The extremes we have mentioned, between which the wellinstracted Christian holds the mean, are correlatives. I. Taylor.

2. (Math.) A quantity having an intermediate value between several others, from which it is derived, and of which it expresses the resultant value; usually, unless otherwise specified, it is the simple average, formed by adding the quantities together and dividing by their number, which is called an arithmetical mean. A geometrical mean is the square root of the product of the quantities.

3. That through which, or by the help of which, an end is attained; something tending to an object desired; intermediate agency or measure; necessary condition or coagent; instrument.

Their virtuous conversation was a mean to work the conversion of the heathen to Christ. Hooker.
You may be able, by this mean, to review your own scientific acquirements. Coleridge.
Philosophical doubt is not an end, but a mean. Sir W. Hamilton.
&hand; In this sense the word is usually employed in the plural form means, and often with a singular attribute or predicate, as if a singular noun.
By this means he had them more at vantage. Bacon.
What other means is left unto us. Shak.

4. pl. Hence: Resources; property, revenue, or the like, considered as the condition of easy livelihood, or an instrumentality at command for effecting any purpose; disposable force or substance.

Your means are very slender, and your waste is great. Shak.

5. (Mus.) A part, whether alto or tenor, intermediate between the soprano and base; a middle part. [Obs.]

The mean is drowned with your unruly base. Shak.

6. Meantime; meanwhile. [Obs.] Spenser.

7. A mediator; a go-between. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

He wooeth her by means and by brokage. Chaucer.
By all means, certainly; without fail; as, go, by all means. -- By any means, in any way; possibly; at all.
If by any means I might attain to the resurrection of the dead. Phil. iii. ll.
-- By no means, ∨ By no manner of means, not at all; certainly not; not in any degree.
The wine on this side of the lake is by no means so good as that on the other. Addison.

Meander

Me*an"der (?), n. [L. Maeander, orig., a river in Phrygia, proverbial for its many windings, Gr. m\'82andre.]

1. A winding, crooked, or involved course; as, the meanders of the veins and arteries. Sir M. Hale.

While lingering rivers in meanders glide. Sir R. Blackmore.

2. A tortuous or intricate movement.

3. (Arch.) Fretwork. See Fret.

Meander

Me*an"der, v. t. To wind, turn, or twist; to make flexuous. Dryton.

Meander

Me*an"der, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Meandered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Meandering.] To wind or turn in a course or passage; to be intricate.
Five miles meandering with a mazy motion Through wood and dale the sacred river ran. Coleridge.

Meandrian

Me*an"dri*an (?), a. [L. Maeandrius: cf. F. m\'82andrien.] Winding; having many turns.

Meandrina

Me`an*dri"na (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. m\'82andrine.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of corals with meandering grooves and ridges, including the brain corals.

Meandrous, Meandry

Me*an"drous (?), Me*an"dry (?), a. Winding; flexuous.

Meaning

Mean"ing (?), n.

1. That which is meant or intended; intent; purpose; aim; object; as, a mischievous meaning was apparent.

If there be any good meaning towards you. Shak.

2. That which is signified, whether by act lanquage; signification; sence; import; as, the meaning of a hint.

3. Sense; power of thinking. [R.] -- Mean"ing*less, a. -- Mean"ing*ly, adv.

Meanly

Mean"ly, adv. [Mean middle.] Moderately. [Obs.]
A man meanly learned himself, but not meanly affectioned to set forward learning in others. Ascham.

Meanly

Mean"ly, adv. [From Mean low.] In a mean manner; unworthily; basely; poorly; ungenerously.
While the heaven-born child All meanly wrapt in the rude manger lies. Milton.
Would you meanly thus rely On power you know I must obey ? Prior.
We can not bear to have others think meanly of them [our kindred]. I. Watts.

Meanness

Mean"ness, n.

1. The condition, or quality, of being mean; want of excellence; poorness; lowness; baseness; sordidness; stinginess.

This figure is of a later date, by the meanness of the workmanship. Addison.

2. A mean act; as, to be guilty of meanness. Goldsmith.

Mean-spirited

Mean"-spir`it*ed (?), a. Of a mean spirit; base; groveling. -- Mean"-spir`it*ed*ness, n.

Meant

Meant (?), imp. & p. p. of Mean.

Meantime, Meanwhile

Mean"time` (?), Mean"while` (?), n. The intervening time; as, in the meantime (or mean time).

Meantime, Meanwhile

Mean"time`, Mean"while`, adv. In the intervening time; during the interval.

Mear

Mear (?), n. A boundary. See Mere. [Obs.]

Mease

Mease (?), n. [Cf. G. mass measure.] Five hundred; as, a mease of herrings. [Prov. Eng.]

Measelry

Mea"sel*ry (?), n. [OE. meselrie, OF. mesellerie. See lst Measle.] Leprosy. [Obs.] R. of Brunne.

Measle

Mea"sle (?), n. [OE. mesel, OF. mesel, LL. misellus, L. misellus unfortunate, dim. of miser. See Miser.] A leper. [Obs.] [Written also meazel, and mesel.] Wyclif (Matt. x. 8. ).

Measle

Mea"sle, n. (Zo\'94l.) A tapeworm larva. See 2d Measles, 4.

Measled

Mea"sled (?), a. [See 2d Measles.] Infected or spotted with measles, as pork. -- Mea"sled*ness, n.

Measles

Mea"sles (?), n. [From lst Measle.] Leprosy; also, a leper. [Obs.]

Measles

Mea"sles, n.; pl. in form, but used as singular in senses 1, 2, & 3. [D. mazelen; akin to G. masern, pl., and E. mazer, and orig. meaning, little spots. See Mazer.]

1. (Med.) A contagious febrile disorder commencing with catarrhal symptoms, and marked by the appearance on the third day of an eruption of distinct red circular spots, which coalesce in a crescentic form, are slightly raised above the surface, and after the fourth day of the eruption gradually decline; rubeola.

Measles commences with the ordinary symptoms of fever. Am. Cyc.

Page 906

2. (Veter. Med.) A disease of cattle and swine in which the flesh is filled with the embryos of different varieties of the tapeworm.

3. A disease of trees. [Obs.]

4. pl. (Zo\'94l.) The larv\'91 of any tapeworm (T\'91nia) in the cysticerus stage, when contained in meat. Called also bladder worms.

Measly

Mea"sly (?), a.

1. Infected with measles.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Containing larval tapeworms; -- said of pork and beef.

Measurable

Meas"ur*a*ble (?), a. [F. mesurable, L. mensurabilis. See Measure, and cf. Mensurable.]

1. Capable of being measured; susceptible of mensuration or computation.

2. Moderate; temperate; not excessive.

Of his diet measurable was he. Chaucer.
-- Meas"ur*a*ble*ness, n. -- Meas"ur*a*bly, adv.
Yet do it measurably, as it becometh Christians. Latimer.

Measure

Meas"ure (?), n. [OE. mesure, F. mesure, L. mensura, fr. metiri, mensus, to measure; akin to metrum poetical measure, Gr. meter. Cf. Immense, Mensuration, Mete to measure.]

1. A standard of dimension; a fixed unit of quantity or extent; an extent or quantity in the fractions or multiples of which anything is estimated and stated; hence, a rule by which anything is adjusted or judged.

2. An instrument by means of which size or quantity is measured, as a graduated line, rod, vessel, or the like.

False ells and measures be brought all clean adown. R. of Gloucester.

3. The dimensions or capacity of anything, reckoned according to some standard; size or extent, determined and stated; estimated extent; as, to take one's measure for a coat.

The measure thereof is longer than the earth, and broader than the sea. Job xi. 9.

4. The contents of a vessel by which quantity is measured; a quantity determined by a standard; a stated or limited quantity or amount.

It is like leaven which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal. Luke xiii. 21.

5. Extent or degree not excessive or beyong bounds; moderation; due restraint; esp. in the phrases, in measure; with measure; without or beyond measure.

Hell hath enlarged herself, and opened her mouth without measure. Is. v. 14.

6. Determined extent, not to be exceeded; limit; allotted share, as of action, influence, ability, or the like; due proportion.

Lord, make me to know mine end, and the measure of my days. Ps. xxxix. 4.

7. The quantity determined by measuring, especially in buying and selling; as, to give good or full measure.

8. Undefined quantity; extent; degree.

There is a great measure of discretion to be used in the performance of confession. Jer. Taylor.

9. Regulated division of movement: (a) (Dancing) A regulated movement corresponding to the time in which the accompanying music is performed; but, especially, a slow and stately dane, like the minuet. (b) (Mus.) (1) The group or grouping of beats, caused by the regular recurrence of accented beats. (2) The space between two bars. See Beat, Triple, Quadruple, Sextuple, Compound time, under Compound, a., and Figure. (c) (Poetry) The manner of ordering and combining the quantities, or long and short syllables; meter; rhythm; hence, a foot; as, a poem in iambic measure.

10. (Arith.) A number which is contained in a given number a number of times without a remainder; as in the phrases, the common measure, the greatest common measure, etc., of two or more numbers.

11. A step or definite part of a progressive course or policy; a means to an end; an act designed for the accomplishment of an object; as, political measures; prudent measures; an inefficient measure.

His majesty found what wrong measures he had taken in the conferring that trust, and lamented his error. Clarendon.

12. The act of measuring; measurement. Shak.

13. pl. (Geol.) Beds or strata; as, coal measures; lead measures. Lineal, ∨ Long, measure, measure of length; the measure of lines or distances. -- Liquid measure, the measure of liquids. -- Square measure, the measure of superficial area of surfaces in square units, as inches, feet, miles, etc. -- To have hard measure, to have harsh treatment meted out to one; to be harshly or oppressively dealt with. -- To take measures, to make preparations; to provide means. -- To take one's measure, to measure one, as for a garment; hence, to form an opinion of one's disposition, character, ability, etc. -- To tread a measure, to dance in the style so called. See 9 (a).

Say to her, we have measured many miles To tread a measure with her on this grass. Shak.

Measure

Meas"ure, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Measured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Measuring.] [F. mesurer, L. mensurare. See Measure, n.]

1. To ascertain by use of a measuring instrument; to compute or ascertain the extent, quantity, dimensions, or capacity of, by a certain rule or standard; to take the dimensions of; hence, to estimate; to judge of; to value; to appraise.

Great are thy works, Jehovah, infinite Thy power! what thought can measure thee? Milton.

2. To serve as the measure of; as, the thermometer measures changes of temperature.

3. To pass throught or over in journeying, as if laying off and determining the distance.

A true devoted pilgrim is not weary To measure kingdoms with his feeble steps. Shak.

4. To adjust by a rule or standard.

To secure a contented spirit, measure your desires by your fortunes, not your fortunes by your desires. Jer. Taylor.

5. To allot or distribute by measure; to set off or apart by measure; -- often with out or off.

With what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. Matt. vii. 2.
That portion of eternity which is called time, measured out by the sun. Addison.
To measure swords with one, to try another's skill in the use of the sword; hence, figuratively, to match one's abilities against an antagonist's.

Measure

Meas"ure (?), v. i.

1. To make a measurement or measurements.

2. To result, or turn out, on measuring; as, the grain measures well; the pieces measure unequally.

3. To be of a certain size or quantity, or to have a certain length, breadth, or thickness, or a certain capacity according to a standard measure; as, cloth measures three fourths of a yard; a tree measures three feet in diameter.

Measured

Meas"ured (?), a. Regulated or determined by a standard; hence, equal; uniform; graduated; limited; moderated; as, he walked with measured steps; he expressed himself in no measured terms. -- Meas"ured*ly, adv.

Measureless

Meas"ure*less (?), a. Without measure; unlimited; immeasurable. -- Meas"ure*less*ness, n. Syn. -- Boundless; limitless; endless; unbounded; unlimited; vast; immense; infinite; immeasurable. <--
Where Alf, the sacred river ran, Through canyons measureless to man, Down to a hidden sea. Coleridge -->

Measurement

Meas"ure*ment (?), n.

1. The act or result of measuring; mensuration; as, measurement is required.

2. The extent, size, capacity, amount. or quantity ascertained by measuring; as, its measurement is five acres.

Measurer

Meas"ur*er (?), n. One who measures; one whose occupation or duty is to measure commondities in market.

Measuring

Meas"ur*ing, a. Used in, or adapted for, ascertaining measurements, or dividing by measure. Measuring faucet, a faucet which permits only a given quantity of liquid to pass each time it is opened, or one by means of which the liquid which passes can be measured. -- Measuring worm (Zo\'94l.), the larva of any geometrid moth. See Geometrid.

Meat

Meat (?), n. [OE. mete, AS. mete; akin to OS. mat, meti, D. met hashed meat, G. mettwurst sausage, OHG. maz food, Icel. matr, Sw. mat, Dan. mad, Goth. mats. Cf. Mast fruit, Mush.]

1. Food, in general; anything eaten for nourishment, either by man or beast. Hence, the edible part of anything; as, the meat of a lobster, a nut, or an egg. Chaucer.

And God said, Behold, I have given you every herb bearing seed, . . . to you it shall be for meat. Gen. i. 29.
Every moving thing that liveth shall be meat for you. Gen. ix. 3.

2. The flesh of animals used as food; esp., animal muscle; as, a breakfast of bread and fruit without meat.

3. Specifically, dinner; the chief meal. [Obs.] Chaucer. Meat biscuit. See under Biscuit. -- Meat earth (Mining), vegetable mold. Raymond. -- Meat fly. (Zo\'94l.) See Flesh fly, under Flesh. -- Meat offering (Script.), an offering of food, esp. of a cake made of flour with salt and oil. -- To go to meat, to go to a meal. [Obs.] -- To sit at meat, to sit at the table in taking food.

Meat

Meat, v. t. To supply with food. [Obs.] Tusser.
His shield well lined, his horses meated well. Chapman.

Meatal

Me*a"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a meatus; resembling a meatus. Owen.

Meated

Meat"ed (?), a.

1. Fed; fattened. [Obs.] Tusser.

2. Having (such) meat; -- used chiefly in composition; as, thick-meated.

Meath, Meathe

Meath, Meathe (?), n. [See Mead.] A sweet liquor; mead. [Obs.] Chaucer. Milton.

Meatiness

Meat"i*ness (?), n. Quality of being meaty.

Meatless

Meat"less, a. Having no meat; without food.
"Leave these beggars meatless." Sir T. More.

Meatoscope

Me*at"o*scope (?), n. [Meatus + -scope.] (Med.) A speculum for examining a natural passage, as the urethra.

Meatotome

Me*at"o*tome (?), n. [Meatus + Gr. (Surg.) An instrument for cutting into the urethra so as to enlarge its orifice.

Meatus

Me*a"tus (?), n. sing. & pl.; E. pl. Meatuses (. [L., a going, passage, fr. meare to go.] (Anat.) A natural passage or canal; as, the external auditory meatus. See Illust. of Ear.

Meaty

Meat"y (?), a. Abounding in meat.

Meaw

Meaw (?), n. The sea mew. [Obs.] Spenser.

Meaw

Meaw, v. i. See Mew, to cry as a cat.

Meawl

Meawl (?), v. i. See Mewl, and Miaul.

Meazel

Mea"zel (?), n. See 1st Measle. [Obs.]

Meazling

Meaz"ling (?), a. Falling in small drops; mistling; mizzing. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.

Mebles

Me"bles (?), n. pl. See Moebles. [Obs.]

Mecate

Me*ca"te (?), n. [Sp.] A rope of hair or of maguey fiber, for tying horses, etc. [Southwestern U. S.]

Meccawee

Mec`ca*wee" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Mecca, in Arabia. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Mecca.

Mechanic

Me*chan"ic (?), n. [F. m\'82canique mechanics. See Mechanic, a.]

1. The art of the application of the laws of motion or force to construction. [Obs.]

2. A mechanician; an artisan; an artificer; one who practices any mechanic art; one skilled or employed in shaping and uniting materials, as wood, metal, etc., into any kind of structure, machine, or other object, requiring the use of tools, or instruments.

An art quite lost with our mechanics. Sir T. Browne.

Mechanic

Me*chan"ic (?), a. [F. m\'82canique, L. mechanicus, Gr. Machine.]

1. Having to do woth the application of the laws of motion in the art of constructing or making things; of or pertaining to mechanics; mechanical; as, the mechanic arts. "These mechanic philosophers." Ray.

Mechanic slaves, With greasy aprons, rules, and hammers. Shak.

2. Of or pertaining to a mechanic or artificer, or to the class of artisans; hence, rude; common; vulgar.

To make a god, a hero, or a king Descend to a mechanic dialect. Roscommon.
Sometimes he ply'd the strong, mechanic tool. Thomson.

3. Base. [Obs.] Whitlock.

Mechanical

Me*chan"ic*al (?), a. [From Mechanic, a.]

1. Pertaining to, governed by, or in accordance with, mechanics, or the laws of motion; pertaining to the quantitative relations of force and matter, as distinguished from mental, vital, chemical, etc.; as, mechanical principles; a mechanical theory; mechanical deposits.

2. Of or pertaining to a machine or to machinery or tools; made or formed by a machine or with tools; as, mechanical precision; mechanical products.

We have also divers mechanical arts. Bacon.

3. Done as if by a machine; uninfluenced by will or emotion; proceeding automatically, or by habit, without special intention or reflection; as, mechanical singing; mechanical verses; mechanical service.

4. Made and operated by interaction of forces without a directing intelligence; as, a mechanical universe.

5. Obtained by trial, by measurements, etc.; approximate; empirical. See the 2d Note under Geometric. Mechanical effect, effective power; useful work exerted, as by a machine, in a definite time. -- Mechanical engineering. See the Note under Engineering. -- Mechanical maneuvers (Mil.), the application of mechanical appliances to the mounting, dismounting, and moving of artillery. Farrow. -- Mechanical philosophy, the principles of mechanics applied to the inverstigation of physical phenomena. -- Mechanical powers, certain simple instruments, such as the lever and its modifications (the wheel and axle and the pulley), the inclined plane with its modifications (the screw and the wedge), which convert a small force acting throught a great space into a great force acting through a small space, or vice versa, and are used separately or in combination. -- Mechanical solution (Math.), a solution of a problem by any art or contrivance not strictly geometrical, as by means of the ruler and compasses, or other instruments.

Mechanical

Me*chan"ic*al, n. A mechanic. [Obs.] Shak.

Mechanicalize

Me*chan"ic*al*ize (?), v. t. To cause to become mechanical.

Mechanically

Me*chan"ic*al*ly, adv. In a mechanical manner.

Mechanicalness

Me*chan"ic*al*ness, n. The state or quality of being mechanical.

Mechanician

Mech`a*ni"cian (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82canicien. See Mechanic.] One skilled in the theory or construction of machines; a machinist. Boyle.

Mechanico-chemical

Me*chan`i*co-chem"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to, connected with, or dependent upon, both mechanics and chemistry; -- said especially of those sciences which treat of such phenomena as seem to depend on the laws both of mechanics and chemistry, as electricity and magnetism.

Mechanics

Me*chan"ics (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82canique.] That science, or branch of applied mathematics, which treats of the action of forces on bodies. &hand; That part of mechanics which considers the action of forces in producing rest or equilibrium is called statics; that which relates to such action in producing motion is called dynamics. The term mechanics includes the action of forces on all bodies, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous. It is sometimes, however, and formerly was often, used distinctively of solid bodies only: The mechanics of liquid bodies is called also hydrostatics, or hydrodynamics, according as the laws of rest or of motion are considered. The mechanics of gaseous bodies is called also pneumatics. The mechanics of fluids in motion, with special reference to the methods of obtaining from them useful results, constitutes hydraulics. Animal mechanics (Physiol.), that portion of physiology which has for its object the investigation of the laws of equilibrium and motion in the animal body. The most important mechanical principle is that of the lever, the bones forming the arms of the levers, the contractile muscles the power, the joints the fulcra or points of support, while the weight of the body or of the individual limbs constitutes the weight or resistance. -- Applied mechanics, the principles of abstract mechanics applied to human art; also, the practical application of the laws of matter and motion to the construction of machines and structures of all kinds.

Mechanism

Mech"an*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82canisme, L. mechanisma. See Mechanic.]

1. The arrangement or relation of the parts of a machine; the parts of a machine, taken collectively; the arrangement or relation of the parts of anything as adapted to produce an effect; as, the mechanism of a watch; the mechanism of a sewing machine; the mechanism of a seed pod.

2. Mechanical operation or action.

He acknowledges nothing besides matter and motion; so that all must be performed either by mechanism or accident. Bentley.

3. (Kinematics) An ideal machine; a combination of movable bodies constituting a machine, but considered only with regard to relative movements.

Mechanist

Mech"an*ist, n.

1. A maker of machines; one skilled in mechanics.

2. One who regards the phenomena of nature as the effects of forces merely mechanical.

Mechanize

Mech"an*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mechanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mechanizing (?).] [Cf. F. m\'82chaniser.] To cause to be mechanical. Shelley.

Mechanograph

Mech"an*o*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph.] One of a number of copies of anything multiplied mechanically.
Page 907

Mechanographic

Mech`an*o*graph`ic (?), a.

1. Treating of mechanics. [R.]

2. Written, copied, or recorded by machinery; produced by mechanography; as, a mechanographic record of changes of temperature; mechanographic prints.

Mechanographist

Mech`an*og"ra*phist (?), n. An artist who, by mechanical means, multiplies copies of works of art.

Mechanography

Mech`an*og"ra*phy (?), n. The art of mechanically multiplying copies of a writing, or any work of art.

Mechanurgy

Mech"an*ur`gy (?), n. [Gr. That branch of science which treats of moving machines.

Mechitarist

Mech"i*tar*ist (?), n. [From Mechitar, an Armenian., who founded the congregation in the early part of the eighteenth century.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a religious congregation of the Roman Catholic Church devoted to the improvement of Armenians.

Mechlin

Mech"lin (?), n. A kind of lace made at, or originating in, Mechlin, in Belgium.

Mechoacan

Me*cho"a*can (?), n. A species of jalap, of very feeble properties, said to be obtained from the root of a species of Convolvulus (C. Mechoacan); -- so called from Michoacan, in Mexico, whence it is obtained.

Meckelian

Meck*e"li*an (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or discovered by, J. F. Meckel, a German anatomist. Meckelian cartilage, the cartilaginous rod which forms the axis of the mandible; -- called also Meckel's cartilage.

Meconate

Mec"o*nate (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82conate.] (Chem.) A salt of meconic acid.

Meconic

Me*con"ic (?), a. [Gr. m\'82conique.] Pertaining to, or obtained from, the poppy or opium; specif. (Chem.), designating an acid related to aconitic acid, found in opium and extracted as a white crystalline substance.

Meconidine

Me*con"i*dine (?), n. (Chem) An alkaloid found in opium, and extracted as a yellow amorphous substance which is easily decomposed.

Meconidium

Mec`o*nid"i*um (?), n. [NL., dim. of Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of gonophore produced by hydroids of the genus Gonothyr\'91a. It has tentacles, and otherwise resembles a free medusa, but remains attached by a pedicel.

Meconin

Mec"o*nin (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82conine.] (Chem.) A substance regarded as an anhydride of meconinic acid, existing in opium and extracted as a white crystalline substance. Also erroneously called meconina, meconia, etc., as though it were an alkaloid.

Meconinic

Mec`o*nin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid which occurs in opium, and which may be obtained by oxidizing narcotine.

Meconium

Me*co"ni*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) Opium. [Obs.] (b) The contents of the fetal intestine; hence, first excrement.

Medal

Med"al (?), n. [F. m\'82daille, It. medaglia, fr. L. metallum metal, through (assumed) LL. metalleus made of metal. See Metal, and cf. Mail a piece of money.] A piece of metal in the form of a coin, struck with a device, and intended to preserve the remembrance of a notable event or an illustrious person, or to serve as a reward.

Medal

Med"al, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Medaled (?), or Medalled; p. pr. & vb. n. Medaling or Medalling.] To honor or reward with a medal. "Medaled by the king." Thackeray.

Medalet

Med"al*et (?), n. A small medal.

Medalist

Med"al*ist, n. [Cf. F. m\'82dailliste, It. medaglista.] [Written also medallist.]

1. A person that is skilled or curious in medals; a collector of medals. Addison.

2. A designer of medals. Macaulay.

3. One who has gained a medal as the reward of merit.

Medallic

Me*dal"lic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a medal, or to medals. "Our medallic history." Walpole.

Medallion

Me*dal"lion (?), n. [F. m\'82daillion, It. medaglione, augm. of medaglia. See Medal.]

1. A large medal or memorial coin.

2. A circular or oval (or, sometimes, square) tablet bearing a figure or figures represented in relief.

Medalurgy

Med"al*ur`gy (?), n. [Medal + the root of Gr. The art of making and striking medals and coins. [Written also medallurgy.]

Meddle

Med"dle` (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Meddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Meddling (?).] [OE. medlen to mix, OF. medler, mesler, F. m\'88ler, LL. misculare, a dim. fr. L. miscere to mix. Mix, and cf. Medley, Mellay.]

1. To mix; to mingle. [Obs.]

More to know Did never meddle with my thoughts. Shak.

2. To interest or engage one's self; to have to do; -- [Obs.] Barrow.

Study to be quiet, and to meddle with your own business. Tyndale.

3. To interest or engage one's self unnecessarily or impertinently, to interfere or busy one's self improperly with another's affairs; specifically, to handle or distrub another's property without permission; -- often followed by with or in.

Why shouldst thou meddle to thy hurt? 2 Kings xiv. 10.
The civil lawyers . . . have meddled in a matter that belongs not to them. Locke.
To meddle and make, to intrude one's self into another person's concerns. [Archaic] Shak. Syn. -- To interpose; interfere; intermeddle.

Meddle

Med"dle, v. t. To mix; to mingle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
"Wine meddled with gall." Wyclif (Matt. xxvii. 34).

Meddler

Med"dler (?), n. One who meddles; one who interferes or busies himself with things in which he has no concern; an officious person; a busybody.

Meddlesome

Med"dle*some (?), a. Given to meddling; apt to interpose in the affairs of others; officiously intrusive. -- Med"dle*some*ness, n.

Meddling

Med"dling (?), a. Meddlesome. Macaulay.

Meddlingly

Med"dling*ly, adv. In a meddling manner.

Mede

Mede (?), n. A native or inhabitant of Media in Asia.

Mede

Mede, n. See lst & 2d Mead, and Meed. [Obs.]

Media

Me"di*a (?), n., pl. of Medium.

Media

Me"di*a, n.; pl. Medi\'91 (-&emac;). [NL., fr. L. medius middle.] (Phonetics) One of the sonant mutes β, δ, γ (b, d, g), in Greek, or of their equivalents in other languages, so named as intermediate between the tenues, π, τ, κ (p, t, k), and the aspirat\'91 (aspirates) φ, θ, χ (ph or f, th, ch). Also called middle mute, or medial, and sometimes soft mute.

Mediacy

Me"di*a*cy (?), n. The state or quality of being mediate. Sir W. Hamilton.

Medi\'91val

Me`di*\'91"val (?), a. [L. medius middle + aevum age. See Middle, and Age.] Of or relating to the Middle Ages; as, medi\'91val architecture. [Written also medieval.]

Medi\'91valism

Me`di*\'91"val*ism (?), n. The method or spirit of the Middle Ages; devotion to the institutions and practices of the Middle Ages; a survival from the Middle Ages. [Written also medievalism.]

Medi\'91valist

Me`di*\'91"val*ist, n. One who has a taste for, or is versed in, the history of the Middle Ages; one in sympathy with the spirit or forms of the Middle Ages. [Written also medievalist.]

Medi\'91vally

Me`di*\'91"val*ly, adv. In the manner of the Middle Ages; in accordance with medi\'91valism.

Medi\'91vals

Me`di*\'91"vals (?), n. pl. The people who lived in the Middle Ages. Ruskin.

Medial

Me"di*al (?), a. [L. medialis, fr. medius middle: cf. F. m\'82dial. See Middle.] Of or pertaining to a mean or average; mean; as, medial alligation.

Medial

Me"di*al, n. (Phonetics) See 2d Media.

Medialuna

Me"di*a*lu"na (?), n. [Sp. media luna half-moon.] (Zo\'94l.) See Half-moon.

Median

Me"di*an (?), a. [L. medianus, fr. medius middle. See Medial.]

1. Being in the middle; running through the middle; as, a median groove.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Situated in the middle; lying in a plane dividing a bilateral animal into right and left halves; -- said of unpaired organs and parts; as, median coverts. Median line. (a) (Anat.) Any line in the mesial plane; specif., either of the lines in which the mesial plane meets the surface of the body. (b) (Geom.) The line drawn from an angle of a triangle to the middle of the opposite side; any line having the nature of a diameter. -- Median plane (Anat.), the mesial plane. -- Median point (Geom.), the point where the three median lines of a triangle mutually intersect.

Median

Me"di*an, n. (Geom.) A median line or point.

Mediant

Me"di*ant (?), n. [L. medians, p. p. of mediare to halve: cf. It. mediante, F. m\'82diante.] (Mus.) The third above the keynote; -- so called because it divides the interval between the tonic and dominant into two thirds.

Mediastinal

Me`di*as*ti"nal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a mediastinum.

Mediastine, Mediastinum

Me`di*as"tine (?), Me`di*as*ti"num (?), n. [NL. mediastinum, fr. L. medius middle; cf. mediastinus helper, a menial servant, LL. mediastinus equiv. to medius: cf F. m\'82diastin.] (Anat.) A partition; a septum; specifically, the folds of the pleura (and the space included between them) which divide the thorax into a right and left cavity. The space included between these folds of the pleura, called the mediastinal space, contains the heart and gives passage to the esophagus and great blood vessels.

Mediate

Me"di*ate (?), a. [L. mediatus, p. p. of mediare, v. t., to halve, v. i., to be in the middle. See Mid, and cf. Moiety.]

1. Being between the two extremes; middle; interposed; intervening; intermediate. Prior.

2. Acting by means, or by an intervening cause or instrument; not direct or immediate; acting or suffering through an intervening agent or condition.

3. Gained or effected by a medium or condition. Bacon.

An act of mediate knowledge is complex. Sir W. Hamilton.

Mediate

Me"di*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Mediated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mediating.] [LL. mediatus, p. p. of mediare to mediate. See Mediate, a.]

1. To be in the middle, or between two; to intervene. [R.]

2. To interpose between parties, as the equal friend of each, esp. for the purpose of effecting a reconciliation or agreement; as, to mediate between nations.

Mediate

Me"di*ate, v. t.

1. To effect by mediation or interposition; to bring about as a mediator, instrument, or means; as, to mediate a peace.

2. To divide into two equal parts. [R.] Holder.

Mediately

Me"di*ate*ly (?), adv. In a mediate manner; by a secondary cause or agent; not directly or primarily; by means; -- opposed to immediately.
God worketh all things amongst us mediately. Sir W. Raleigh.
The king grants a manor to A, and A grants a portion of it to B. In this case. B holds his lands immediately of A, but mediately of the king. Blakstone.

Mediateness

Me"di*ate*ness, n. The state of being mediate.

Mediation

Me`di*a"tion (?), n. [OE. mediacioun, F. m\'82diation. See Mediate, a.]

1. The act of mediating; action or relation of anything interposed; action as a necessary condition, means, or instrument; interposition; intervention.

The soul [acts] by the mediation of these passions. South.

2. Hence, specifically, agency between parties at variance, with a view to reconcile them; entreaty for another; intercession. Bacon.

Mediative

Me"di*a*tive (?), a. Pertaining to mediation; used in mediation; as, mediative efforts. Beaconsfield.

Mediatization

Me`di*at`i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82diatisation.] The act of mediatizing.

Mediatize

Me"di*a*tize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mediatized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mediatizing.] [Cf. F. m\'82diatiser.] To cause to act through an agent or to hold a subordinate position; to annex; -- specifically applied to the annexation during the former German empire of a smaller German state to a larger, while allowing it a nominal sovereignty, and its prince his rank.
The misfortune of being a mediatized prince. Beaconsfield.

Mediator

Me"di*a`tor (?), n. [L. mediator: cf. E. m\'82diateur.] One who mediates; especially, one who interposes between parties at variance for the purpose of reconciling them; hence, an intercessor.
For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus. 1 Tim. ii. 5.

Mediatorial

Me`di*a*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a mediator, or to mediation; mediatory; as, a mediatorial office. -- Me`di*a*to"ri*al*ly, adv.
My measures were . . . healing and mediatorial. Burke.

Mediatorship

Me"di*a`tor*ship (?), n. The office or character of a mediator.

Mediatory

Me"di*a*to*ry (?), a. Mediatorial.

Mediatress, Mediatrix

Me`di*a"tress (?), Me`di*a*"trix (?), n. [L. mediatrix, f. of mediator: cf. F. m\'82diatrice.] A female mediator.

Medic

Med"ic (?), n. [L. medica, Gr. Media, from (Bot.) A leguminous plant of the genus Medicago. The black medic is the Medicago lupulina; the purple medic, or lucern, is M. sativa.

Medic

Med"ic, a. [L. medicus.] Medical. [R.]

Medicable

Med"i*ca*ble (?), a. [L. medicabilis, from medicare, medicari, to heal, fr. medicus physician. See Medical.] Capable of being medicated; admitting of being cured or healed.

Medical

Med"ic*al (?), a. [LL. medicalis, L. medicus belonging to healing, fr. mederi to heal; cf. Zend madha medical science, wisdom, gr. mind: cf. F. m\'82dical.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or having to do with, the art of healing disease, or the science of medicine; as, the medical profession; medical services; a medical dictionary; medical jurisprudence.

2. Containing medicine; used in medicine; medicinal; as, the medical properties of a plant.

Medically

Med"ic*al*ly, adv. In a medical manner; with reference to healing, or to the principles of the healing art.

Medicament

Med"i*ca*ment (?), n. [L. medicamentum, fr. medicare, medicari, to heal: cf. F. m\'82dicament. See Medicable.] Anything used for healing diseases or wounds; a medicine; a healing application.

Medicamental

Med`ica*men"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to medicaments or healing applications; having the qualities of medicaments. -- Med`ica*men"tal*ly, adv. <-- pref. = medicinal -->

Medicaster

Med"i*cas`ter (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82dicastre. See Medical.] A quack. [R.] Whitlock.

Medicate

Med"i*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Medicated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Medicating (?).] [L. medicatus, p. p. of medicare, medicari. See Medicable.]

1. To tincture or impregnate with anything medicinal; to drug. "Medicated waters." Arbuthnot.

2. To treat with medicine.

Medication

Med`i*ca"tion (?), [L. medicatio: cf. F. m\'82dication.] The act or process of medicating.

Medicative

Med"i*ca*tive (?), a. Medicinal; acting like a medicine.

Medicean

Med`i*ce"an (?), a. Of or relating to the Medici, a noted Italian family; as, the Medicean Venus. Medicean planets (Astron.), a name given by Galileo to the satellites of Jupiter.

Medicinable

Me*dic"i*na*ble (?), a. Medicinal; having the power of healing. [Obs.] Shak.

Medicinal

Me*dic"i*nal (?), a. [L. medicinalis: cf. F. m\'82dicinal. See Medicine.]

1. Having curative or palliative properties; used for the cure or alleviation of bodily disorders; as, medicinal tinctures, plants, or springs.

Drop tears as fast as the Arabian trees Their medicinal gum. Shak.

2. Of or pertaining to medicine; medical.

Medicinally

Me*dic"i*nal*ly, adv. In a medicinal manner.

Medicine

Med"i*cine (?), n. [L. medicina (sc. ars), fr. medicinus medical, fr. medicus: cf. F. m\'82decine. See Medical.]

1. The science which relates to the prevention, cure, or alleviation of disease.

2. Any substance administered in the treatment of disease; a remedial agent; a remedy; physic.

By medicine, life may be prolonged. Shak.

3. A philter or love potion. [Obs.] Shak.

4. [F. m\'82decin.] A physician. [Obs.] Shak. Medicine bag, a charm; -- so called among the North American Indians, or in works relating to them. -- Medicine man (among the North American Indians), a person who professes to cure sickness, drive away evil spirits, and regulate the weather by the arts of magic. -- Medicine seal, a small gem or paste engraved with reversed characters, to serve as a seal. Such seals were used by Roman physicians to stamp the names of their medicines.

Medicine

Med"i*cine, v. t. To give medicine to; to affect as a medicine does; to remedy; to cure. "Medicine thee to that sweet sleep." Shak.

Medico-legal

Med`i*co-le"gal (?), a. Of or pertaining to law as affected by medical facts.

Medicommissure

Med`i*com"mis*sure (?), n. [L. medius middle + E. commissure.] (Anat.) A large transverse commissure in the third ventricle of the brain; the middle or soft commissure. B. G. Wildex.

Medicornu

Med`i*cor"nu (?), n.; pl. Medicornua (#). [NL., fr. L. medius middle + cornu horn.] (Anat.) The middle or inferior horn of each lateral ventricle of the brain. B. G. Wilder.

Medics

Med"ics (?), n. Science of medicine. [Obs.]

Mediety

Me*di"e*ty (?), n. [L. medietas.] The middle part; half; moiety. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Medieval, Medievalism, Medievalist

Me`di*e"val, Me`di*e"val*ism, Me`di*e"val*ist. Same as Medi, Medi, etc.

Medina epoch

Me*di"na ep"och (?). [From Medina in New York.] (Geol.) A subdivision of the Niagara period in the American upper Silurian, characterized by the formations known as the Oneida conglomerate, and the Medina sandstone. See the Chart of Geology.
Page 908

Medino

Me*di"no (?), n. Same as Para.

Mediocral

Me"di*o`cral (?), a. Mediocre. [R.]

Mediocre

Me"di*o`cre (?), a. [F. m\'82diocre, L. mediocris, fr. medius middle. See Mid.] Of a middle quality; of but a moderate or low degree of excellence; indifferent; ordinary. " A very mediocre poet." Pope.

Mediocre

Me"di*o`cre, n.

1. A mediocre person. [R.]

2. A young monk who was excused from performing a portion of a monk's duties. Shipley.

Mediocrist

Me"di*o`crist (?), n. A mediocre person. [R.]

Mediocrity

Me`di*oc"ri*ty (?), n. [F. m\'82diocrit\'82, L. mediocritas.]

1. The quality of being mediocre; a middle state or degree; a moderate degree or rate. "A mediocrity of success." Bacon.

2. Moderation; temperance. [Obs.] Hooker.

Mediostapedial

Me`di*o*sta*pe"di*al (?), a. [L. medius middle + E. stapedial.] (Anat.) Pertaining to that part of the columella of the ear which, in some animals, connects the stapes with the other parts of the columella. -- n. The mediostapedial part of the columella.

Medioxumous

Me`di*ox"u*mous (?), a. [L. medioxumus middlemost.] Intermediate. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Meditance

Med"i*tance (?), n. Meditation. [Obs.]

Meditate

Med"i*tate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Meditated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Meditating.] [L. meditatus, p. p. of meditari to meditate; cf. Gr. mind.] To keep the mind in a state of contemplation; to dwell on anything in thought; to think seriously; to muse; to cogitate; to reflect. Jer. Taylor.
In his law doth he meditate day and night. Ps. i. 2.

Meditate

Med"i*tate, v. t.

1. To contemplate; to keep the mind fixed upon; to study. "Blessed is the man that doth meditate good things." Ecclus. xiv. 20.

2. To purpose; to intend; to design; to plan by revolving in the mind; as, to meditate a war.

I meditate to pass the remainder of life in a state of undisturbed repose. Washington.
Syn. -- To consider; ponder; weigh; revolve; study. -- To Meditate, Contemplate, Intend. We meditate a design when we are looking out or waiting for the means of its accomplishment; we contemplate it when the means are at hand, and our decision is nearly or quite made. To intend is stronger, implying that we have decided to act when an opportunity may offer. A general meditates an attack upon the enemy; he contemplates or intends undertaking it at the earliest convenient season.

Meditation

Med`i*ta"tion (?), n. [OE. meditacioun, F. m\'82ditation, fr. L. meditatio.]

1. The act of meditating; close or continued thought; the turning or revolving of a subject in the mind; serious contemplation; reflection; musing.

Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart be acceptable in thy sight. Ps. xix. 14.

2. Thought; -- without regard to kind. [Obs.]

With wings as swift As meditation or the thoughts of love. Shak.

Meditatist

Med"i*ta`tist, n. One who is given to meditation.

Meditative

Med"i*ta*tive (?), a. [L. meditativus: cf. F. m\'82ditatif.] Disposed to meditate, or to meditation; as, a meditative man; a meditative mood. -- Med"i*ta*tive*ly, adv. -- Med"i*ta*tive*ness, n.

Mediterranean

Med`i*ter*ra"ne*an (?), a. [L. mediterraneus; medius middle + terra land. See Mid, and Terrace.]

1. Inclosed, or nearly inclosed, with land; as, the Mediterranean Sea, between Europe and Africa.

2. Inland; remote from the ocean. [Obs.]

Cities, as well mediterranean as maritime. Holland.

3. Of or pertaining to the Mediterranean Sea; as, Mediterranean trade; a Mediterranean voyage.

Mediterraneous

Med`i*ter*ra"ne*ous (?), a. Inland. Sir T. Browne.

Medium

Me"di*um (?), n.; pl. L. Media (#), E. Mediums (#). [L. medium the middle, fr. medius middle. See Mid, and cf. Medius.]

1. That which lies in the middle, or between other things; intervening body or quantity. Hence, specifically: (a) Middle place or degree; mean.

The just medium . . . lies between pride and abjection. L'Estrange.
(b) (Math.) See Mean. (c) (Logic) The mean or middle term of a syllogism; that by which the extremes are brought into connection.

2. A substance through which an effect is transmitted from one thing to another; as, air is the common medium of sound. Hence: The condition upon which any event or action occurs; necessary means of motion or action; that through or by which anything is accomplished, conveyed, or carried on; specifically, in animal magnetism, spiritualism, etc., a person through whom the action of another being is said to be manifested and transmitted.

Whether any other liquors, being made mediums, cause a diversity of sound from water, it may be tried. Bacon.
I must bring together All these extremes; and must remove all mediums. Denham.

3. An average. [R.]

A medium of six years of war, and six years of peace. Burke.

4. A trade name for printing and writing paper of certain sizes. See Paper.

5. (Paint.) The liquid vehicle with which dry colors are ground and prepared for application. Circulating medium, a current medium of exchange, whether coin, bank notes, or government notes. -- Ethereal medium (Physics), the ether. -- Medium of exchange, that which is used for effecting an exchange of commodities -- money or current representatives of money.

Medium

Me"di*um, a. Having a middle position or degree; mean; intermediate; medial; as, a horse of medium size; a decoction of medium strength.

Medium-sized

Me"di*um-sized` (?), a. Having a medium size; as, a medium-sized man.

Medius

Me"di*us (?), n.; pl. Medii (#). [NL., fr. L. medius middle. See Medium.] (Anat.) The third or middle finger; the third digit, or that which corresponds to it.

Medlar

Med"lar (?), n. [OE. medler medlar tree, OF. meslier, F. n\'82flier, L. mespilum, mespilus, Gr. Naseberry.] A tree of the genus Mespilus (M. Germanica); also, the fruit of the tree. The fruit is something like a small apple, but has a bony endocarp. When first gathered the flesh is hard and austere, and it is not eaten until it has begun to decay. Japan medlar (Bot.), the loquat. See Loquat. -- Neapolitan medlar (Bot.), a kind of thorn tree (Crat\'91gus Azarolus); also, its fruit.

Medle

Med"le (?), v. t. [See Meddle.] To mix; to mingle; to meddle. [Written also medly.] [Obs.] Chaucer.

Medley

Med"ley (?), n.; pl. Medleys (#). [OE. medlee, OF. mesl\'82e, medl\'82e, mell\'82e, F. m\'88l\'82e. See Meddle, and cf. Mel\'90e, Mellay.]

1. A mixture; a mingled and confused mass of ingredients, usually inharmonious; a jumble; a hodgepodge; -- often used contemptuously.

This medley of philosophy and war. Addison.
Love is a medley of endearments, jars, Suspicions, reconcilements, wars. W. Walsh.

2. The confusion of a hand to hand battle; a brisk, hand to hand engagement; a m\'88l\'82e. [Obs.] Holland.

3. (Mus.) A composition of passages detached from several different compositions; a potpourri. &hand; Medley is usually applied to vocal, potpourri to instrumental, compositions.

4. A cloth of mixed colors. Fuller.

Medley

Med"ley, a.

1. Mixed; of mixed material or color. [Obs.] "A medl\'8a coat." Chaucer.

2. Mingled; confused. Dryden.

Medly

Med"ly (?), v. t. See Medle. Johnson.

M\'82doc

M\'82`doc" (?), n. [Cf. Mayduke.] A class of claret wines, including several varieties, from the district of M\'82doc in the department of Gironde.

Medregal

Med"re*gal (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Bonito, 3.

Medrick

Med"rick (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) A species of gull or tern. [Prov.] Lowell.

Medulla

Me*dul"la (?), n. [L.]

1. Marrow; pith; hence, essence. [Obs.] Milton.

2. (Anat.) The marrow of bones; the deep or inner portion of an organ or part; as, the medulla, or medullary substance, of the kidney; specifically, the medula oblongata.

3. (Bot.) A soft tissue, occupying the center of the stem or branch of a plant; pith. Medulla oblongata. [L., oblong medulla] (Anat.), the posterior part of the brain connected with the spinal cord. It includes all the hindbrain except the cerebellum and pons, and from it a large part of the cranial nerves arise. It controls very largely respiration, circulation, swallowing, and other functions, and is the most vital part of the brain; -- called also bulb of the spinal cord. See Brain.

Medullar

Me*dul"lar (?), a. See Medullary.

Medullary

Med"ul*la*ry (?), a. [L. medullaris, fr. medulla marrow: cf. F. m\'82dullaire.]

1. (Anat.) (a) Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling, marrow or medulla. (b) Pertaining to the medula oblongata.

2. (Bot.) Filled with spongy pith; pithy. Medullary groove (Anat.), a groove, in the epiblast of the vertebrate blastoderm, the edges of which unite, making a tube (the medullary canal) from which the brain and spinal cord are developed. -- Medullary rays (Bot.), the rays of cellular tissue seen in a transverse section of exogenous wood, which pass from the pith to the bark. -- Medullary sheath (Anat.), the layer of white semifluid substance (myelin), between the primitive sheath and axis cylinder of a medullated nerve fiber.

Medullated

Me*dul"la*ted (?), a. (Anat.) Furnished with a medulla or marrow, or with a medullary sheath; as, a medullated nerve fiber.

Medullin

Me*dul"lin (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82dulline.] (Bot. Chem.) A variety of lignin or cellulose found in the medulla, or pith, of certain plants. Cf. Lignin, and Cellulose.

Medusa

Me*du"sa (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Class. Myth.) The Gorgon; or one of the Gorgons whose hair was changed into serpents, after which all who looked upon her were turned into stone.

2. [pl. Medusae (.] (Zo\'94l.) Any free swimming acaleph; a jellyfish. &hand; The larger medus\'91 belong to the Discophora, and are sometimes called covered-eyed medus\'91; others, known as naked-eyed medus\'91, belong to the Hydroidea, and are usually developed by budding from hidroids. See Discophora, Hydroidea, and Hydromedusa. Medusa bud (Zo\'94l.), one of the buds of a hydroid, destined to develop into a gonophore or medusa. See Athecata, and Gonotheca. -- Medusa's head. (a) (Zo\'94l.) An astrophyton. (b) (Astron.) A cluster of stars in the constellation Perseus. It contains the bright star Algol.

Medusian

Me*du"si*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A medusa.

Medusiform

Me*du"si*form (?), a. [Medusa + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling a medusa in shape or structure.

Medusoid

Me*du"soid (?), a. [Medusa + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like a medusa; having the fundamental structure of a medusa, but without a locomotive disk; -- said of the sessile gonophores of hydroids. -- n. A sessile gonophore. See Illust. under Gonosome.

Meech

Meech (?), v. i. See Mich. [Obs. or Colloq.]

Meed

Meed (?), n. [OE. mede, AS. m&emac;d, meord; akin to OS. m, OHG. miata, mieta, G. miethe hire, Goth. mizd&omac; reward, Bohem. & Russ. mzda, Gr. mistho`s, Skr. m&imac;dha. &root;276.]

1. That which is bestowed or rendered in consideration of merit; reward; recompense.

A rosy garland was the victor's meed. Spenser.

2. Merit or desert; worth.

My meed hath got me fame. Shak.

3. A gift; also, a bride. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Meed

Meed, v. t.

1. To reward; to repay. [Obs.] Waytt.

2. To deserve; to merit. [Obs.] Heywood.

Meedful

Meed"ful (?), a. Worthy of meed, reward, or recompense; meritorious. "Meedful works." Wiclif.

Meedfully

Meed"ful*ly, adv. According to merit; suitably.

Meek

Meek (?), a. [Compar. Meeker (?); superl. Meekest.] [OE. mek, meoc; akin to Icel. mj mild, soft, Sw. mjuk, Dan. myg, D. muik, Goth. mukam

1. Mild of temper; not easily provoked or orritated; patient under injuries; not vain, or haughty, or resentful; forbearing; submissive.

Not the man Moses was very meek. Num. xii. 3.

2. Evincing mildness of temper, or patience; characterized by mildness or patience; as, a meek answer; a meek face. "Her meek prayer." Chaucer. Syn. -- Gentle; mild; soft; yielding; pacific; unassuming; humble. See Gentle.

Meek, Meeken

Meek, Meek"en (-'n), v. t. To make meek; to nurture in gentleness and humility. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Meekly

Meek"ly, adv. In a meek manner. Spenser.

Meekness

Meek"ness, n. The quality or state of being meek.

Meer

Meer (?), a. Simple; unmixed. See Mere, a. [Obs.]

Meer

Meer, n. See Mere, a lake.

Meer

Meer, n. A boundary. See Mere.

Meerkat

Meer"kat (?), n. [D.] (Zo\'94l.) A South African carnivore (Cynictis penicillata), allied to the ichneumons.

Meerschaum

Meer"schaum (?), n. [G., lit., sea foam; meer sea + schaum foam; but it perh. is a corruption of the Tartaric name myrsen. Cf. Mere a lake, and Scum.]

1. (Min.) A fine white claylike mineral, soft, and light enough when in dry masses to float in water. It is a hydrous silicate of magnesia, and is obtained chiefly in Asia Minor. It is manufacturd into tobacco pipes, cigar holders, etc. Also called sepiolite.

2. A tobacco pipe made of this mineral.

Meet

Meet (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Met (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Meeting.] [OE. meten, AS. m, fr. m, gem, a meeting; akin to OS. m to meet, Icel. m\'91ta, Goth. gam. See Moot, v. t.]

1. To join, or come in contact with; esp., to come in contact with by approach from an opposite direction; to come upon or against, front to front, as distinguished from contact by following and overtaking.

2. To come in collision with; to confront in conflict; to encounter hostilely; as, they met the enemy and defeated them; the ship met opposing winds and currents.

3. To come into the presence of without contact; to come close to; to intercept; to come within the perception, influence, or recognition of; as, to meet a train at a junction; to meet carriages or persons in the street; to meet friends at a party; sweet sounds met the ear.

His daughter came out to meet him. Judg. xi. 34.

4. To perceive; to come to a knowledge of; to have personal acquaintance with; to experience; to suffer; as, the eye met a horrid sight; he met his fate.

Of vice or virtue, whether blest or curst, Which meets contempt, or which compassion first. Pope.

5. To come up to; to be even with; to equal; to match; to satisfy; to ansver; as, to meet one's expectations; the supply meets the demand. To meet half way, literally, to go half the distance between in order to meet (one); hence, figuratively, to yield or concede half of the difference in order to effect a compromise or reconciliation with.

Meet

Meet, v. t.

1. To come together by mutual approach; esp., to come in contact, or into proximity, by approach from opposite directions; to join; to come face to face; to come in close relationship; as, we met in the street; two lines meet so as to form an angle.

O, when meet now Such pairs in love and mutual honor joined ! Milton.

2. To come together with hostile purpose; to have an encounter or conflict.

Weapons more violent, when next we meet, May serve to better us and worse our foes. Milton.

3. To assemble together; to congregate; as, Congress meets on the first Monday of December.

They . . . appointed a day to meet together. 2. Macc. xiv. 21.

4. To come together by mutual concessions; hence, to agree; to harmonize; to unite. To meet with. (a) To light upon; to find; to come to; -- often with the sense of unexpectedness.

We met with many things worthy of observation. Bacon.
(b) To join; to unite in company. Shak. (c) To suffer unexpectedly; as, to meet with a fall; to meet with a loss. (d) To encounter; to be subjected to.
Prepare to meet with more than brutal fury From the fierce prince. Rowe.
(e) To obviate. [Obs.] Bacon.

Meet

Meet, n. An assembling together; esp., the assembling of huntsmen for the hunt; also, the persons who so assemble, and the place of meeting.

Meet

Meet, a. [OE. mete fitting, moderate, scanty, AS. m moderate; akin to gemet fit, meet, metan to mete, and G. m\'84ssig moderate, gem\'84ss fitting. See Mete.] Suitable; fit; proper; appropriate; qualified; convenient.
It was meet that we should make merry. Luke xv. 32.
To be meet with, to be even with; to be equal to. [Obs.]
Page 909

Meet

Meet (?), adv. Meetly. [Obs.] Shak.

Meeten

Meet"en (?), v. t. To render fit. [R.]

Meeter

Meet"er (?), n. One who meets.

Meeth

Meeth (?), Mead. See Meathe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Meeting

Meet"ing, n.

1. A coming together; an assembling; as, the meeting of Congress.

2. A junction, crossing, or union; as, the meeting of the roads or of two rivers.

3. A congregation; a collection of people; a convention; as, a large meeting; an harmonius meeting.

4. An assembly for worship; as, to attend meeting on Sunday; -- in England, applied distinctively and disparagingly to the worshiping assemblies of Dissenters. Syn. -- Conference; assembly; company; convention; congregation; junction; confluence; union.

Meetinghouse

Meet"ing*house` (?), n. A house used as a place of worship; a church; -- in England, applied only to a house so used by Dissenters.

Meetly

Meet"ly, adv. Fitly; suitably; properly.

Meetness

Meet"ness, n. Fitness; suitableness; propriety.

Meg-, Mega, Megalo-

Meg- (?), Meg"a (?), Meg"a*lo- (?). [Gr. me`gas, gen. mega`loy, great.] Combining forms signifying: (a) Great, extended, powerful; as, megascope, megacosm. (b) (Metric System, Elec., Mech., etc.) A million times, a million of; as, megameter, a million meters; megafarad, a million farads; megohm, a million ohms.

Megacephalic, Megacephalous

Meg`a*ce*phal"ic (?), Meg`a*ceph"a*lous (?), a. [Mega- Gr. (Biol.) Large headed; -- applied to animals, and to plants when they have large flower heads.

Megaceros

Me*gac"e*ros (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. me`gas great + horn.] (Paleon.) The Irish elk.

Megachile

Meg"a*chile (?), n. [Mega- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A leaf-cutting bee of the genus Megachilus. See Leaf cutter, under Leaf.

Megacosm

Meg"a*cosm (?), n. [Mega- + Gr. See Macrocosm. Croft.

Megacoulomb

Meg`a*cou`lomb" (?), n. [Mega- + coulomb.] (Elec.) A million coulombs.

Megaderm

Meg"a*derm (?), n. [Mega- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of Old World blood-sucking bats of the genus Megaderma.

Megadyne

Meg"a*dyne (?), n. [Mega- + dyne.] (Physics) One of the larger measures of force, amounting to one million dynes.

Megafarad

Meg"a*far`ad (?), n. [Mega- + farad.] (Elec.) One of the larger measures of electrical capacity, amounting to one million farads; a macrofarad.

Megalerg

Meg"a*lerg (?), n. [Megalo- + erg.] (Physics) A million ergs; a megerg.

Megalesian

Meg`a*le"sian (?), a. [L. Megalesius, fr. Gr. Mega`lh the Great, a surname of Cybele, the Magna Mater.] Pertaining to, or in honor of, Cybele; as, the Megalesian games at Rome.

Megalethoscope

Meg`a*leth"o*scope (?), n. [Mega- + alethoscope.] An optical apparatus in which pictures are viewed through a large lens with stereoptical effects. It is often combined with the stereoscope.

Megalith

Meg"a*lith (?), n. [Mega- + -lith; cf. F. m\'82galithe.] A large stone; especially, a large stone used in ancient building. -- Meg`a*lith"ic (#), a.

Megalo-

Meg"a*lo- (?). See Meg-.

Megalocyte

Meg"a*lo*cyte (?), n. [Megalo- + Gr. (Physiol.) A large, flattened corpuscle, twice the diameter of the ordinary red corpuscle, found in considerable numbers in the blood in profound an\'91mia.

Megalomania

Meg`a*lo*ma"ni*a (?), n. [NL., fr. megalo- + mania.] (Pathol.) A form of mental alienation in which the patient has grandiose delusions.

Megalonyx

Meg`a*lon"yx (?), n. [NL., from Gr. me`gas, mega`lh, great + 'o`nyx claw.] (Paleon.) An extinct quaternary mammal, of great size, allied to the sloth.

Megalophonous

Meg`a*loph"o*nous (?), a. [Megalo- + Gr. fwnh` voice.] Having a loud voice.

Megalopolis

Meg`a*lop"o*lis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. megalo`polis; me`gas, mega`lh, great + po`lis city.] A chief city; a metropolis. [R.]

Megalops

Meg"a*lops (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. me`gas, -a`loy, large + 'w`ps eye.] (Zo\'94l.)

1. A larva, in a stage following the zo\'89a, in the development of most crabs. In this stage the legs and abdominal appendages have appeared, the abdomen is relatively long, and the eyes are large. Also used adjectively.

2. A large fish; the tarpum.

Megalopsychy

Meg`a*lop"sy*chy (?), n. [Megalo- + Gr. Greatness of soul. [Obs. & R.]

Megalosaur, Megalosaurus

Meg"a*lo*saur` (?), Meg`a*lo*sau"rus (?), n. [NL. megalosaurus, fr. Gr. m\'82galosaure
.]
(Paleon.) A gigantic carnivorous dinosaur, whose fossil remains have been found in England and elsewhere.

Megameter

Me*gam"e*ter (?), n. [Mega- + -meter: cf. F. m\'82gam\'8atre.] (Physics)

1. An instrument for determining longitude by observation of the stars.

2. A micrometer. [R.] Knight.

Megameter, Megametre

Meg"a*me`ter, Meg"a*me`tre (?), n. [Mega- + meter, metre, n., 2.] In the metric system, one million meters, or one thousand kilometers.

Megamp\'8are

Meg`am`p\'8are" (?), n. [Mega- + amp\'8are.] (Elec.) A million amp\'8ares.

Megaphone

Meg"a*phone (?), n. [Mega- + Gr. A device to magnify sound, or direct it in a given direction in a greater volume, as a very large funnel used as an ear trumpet or as a speaking trumpet.

Megaphyton

Me*gaph"y*ton (?), n. [NL., from Gr. me`gas great + fyto`n plant.] (Paleon.) An extinct genus of tree ferns with large, two-ranked leaves, or fronds.

Megapode

Meg"a*pode (?), n. [Mega- + Gr. poy`s, podo`s, foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large-footed, gallinaceous birds of the genera Megapodius and Leipoa, inhabiting Australia and other Pacific islands. See Jungle fowl (b) under Jungle, and Leipoa.

Megapolis

Me*gap"o*lis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. me`gas great + po`lis city.] A metropolis. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.

Megarian, Megaric

Me*ga"ri*an (?), Me*gar"ic (?), a. Belonging, or pertaining, to Megara, a city of ancient Greece. Megarian, ∨ Megaric, school, a school of philosophy established at Megara, after the death of Socrates, by his disciples, and remarkable for its logical subtlety.

Megascope

Meg"a*scope (?), n. [Mega- + -scope: cf. F. m\'82gascope.] A modification of the magic lantern, used esp. for throwing a magnified image of an opaque object on a screen, solar or artificial light being used.

Megaseme

Meg"a*seme (?), a. [Mega- + Gr. m\'82gas\'8ame.] (Anat.) Having the orbital index relatively large; having the orbits narrow transversely; -- opposed to microseme.

Megass, Megasse

Me"gass" (?), Me*gasse", n. See Bagasse.

Megasthene

Meg"as*thene (?), n. [Gr. me`gas great + sthe`nos strength.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a group which includes the higher orders of mammals, having a large size as a typical characteristic.

Megasthenic

Meg`as*then"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a typically large size; belonging to the megasthenes.

Megastome

Meg"a*stome (?), n. [Gr. me`gas great + sto`ma mouth.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a group of univalve shells, having a large aperture or mouth.

Megathere, Megatherium

Meg"a*there (?), Meg`a*the"ri*um (?), n. [NL. megatherium, fr. Gr. me`gas great + thyri`on beast.] (Paleon.) An extinct gigantic quaternary mammal, allied to the ant-eaters and sloths. Its remains are found in South America.

Megatheroid

Meg`a*the"roid (?), n. [Megatherium + -oid.] (Paleon.) One of a family of extinct edentates found in America. The family includes the megatherium, the megalonyx, etc.

Megavolt

Meg`a*volt" (?), n. [Mega- + volt.] (Elec.) One of the larger measures of electro-motive force, amounting to one million volts.

Megaweber

Meg`a*we"ber (?), n. [Mega- + weber.] (Elec.) A million webers.

Megerg

Meg"erg` (?), n. [Mega- + erg.] (Physics) One of the larger measures of work, amounting to one million ergs; -- called also megalerg.

Megilp, Megilph

Me*gilp" (?), Me*gilph" (?), n. (Paint.) A gelatinous compound of linseed oil and mastic varnish, used by artists as a vehicle for colors. [Written also magilp, and magilph.]

Megohm

Meg"ohm" (?), n. [Mega- + ohm.] (Elec.) One of the larger measures of electrical resistance, amounting to one million ohms.

Megrim

Me"grim (?), n. [OE. migrim, migrene, F. migraine, LL. hemigrania, L. hemicrania, hemicranium, Gr. Hemi- and Cranium, and cf. Hemicrania, Migraine.]

1. A kind of sick or nevrous headache, usually periodical and confined to one side of the head.

2. A fancy; a whim; a freak; a humor; esp., in the plural, lowness of spirits.

These are his megrims, firks, and melancholies. Ford.

3. pl. (Far.) A sudden vertigo in a horse, succeeded sometimes by unconsciousness, produced by an excess of blood in the brain; a mild form of apoplexy. Youatt.

Megrim

Me"grim, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The British smooth sole, or scaldfish (Psetta arnoglossa).

Meibomian

Mei*bo"mi*an (?), a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Meibomius. Meibomian glands, the slender sebaceous glands of the eyelids, which discharge, through minute orifices in the edges of the lids, a fatty secretion serving to lubricate the adjacent parts.

Meine

Meine (?), v. t. See Menge.

Meine, Meiny

Mein"e, Mein"y, (, n. [OF. maisni\'82e, maisnie. See Menial.]

1. A family, including servants, etc.; household; retinue; train. [Obs.] Chaucer. Shak.

2. Company; band; army. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Meiocene

Mei"o*cene (?), a. (Geol.) See Miocene.

Meionite

Mei"o*nite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A member of the scapolite, group, occuring in glassy crystals on Monte Somma, near Naples.

Meiosis

Mei*o"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Meionite.] (Rhet.) Diminution; a species of hyperbole, representing a thing as being less than it really is.

Melostemonous

Mel`o*stem"o*nous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having fever stamens than the parts of the corolla.

Meistersinger

Meis"ter*sing`er (?), n. [G.] See Mastersinger.

Mekhitarist

Mekh"i*tar*ist (?), n. (Ecc. Hist.) See Mechitarist.

Melaconite

Me*lac"o*nite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) An earthy black oxide of copper, arising from the decomposition of other ores.

Melada, Melado

Me*la"da (?), Me*la"do (?), n. [Sp., prop. p. p. of melar to sugar, candy, fr. L. mel honey. See Molasses.] A mixture of sugar and molasses; crude sugar as it comes from the pans without being drained.

Mel\'91na

Me*l\'91"na (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A discharge from the bowels of black matter, consisting of altered blood.

Melain

Mel"ain (?), n. [See Melna.] The dark coloring matter of the liquid of the cuttlefish.

Melainotype

Me*lai"no*type (?), n. See Melanotype.

Melam

Me"lam (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82lam.] (Chem.) A white or buff-colored granular powder,

Melamine

Me*lam"ine (?), n. (Chem.) A strong nitrogenous base, C3H6N6, produced from several cyanogen compounds, and obtained as a white crystalline substance, -- formerly supposed to be produced by the decomposition of melam. Called also cyanuramide.

Melampode

Mel"am*pode (?), n. [Gr. The black hellebore. [Obs.] Spenser.

Melampyrin, Melampyrite

Mel`am*py"rin (?), Mel`am*py"rite (?), n. [NL. Melampyrum cowwheat; Gr. (Chem.) The saccharine substance dulcite; -- so called because found in the leaves of cowwheat (Melampyrum). See Dulcite.

Melan\'91mia

Mel`a*n\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A morbid condition in which the blood contains black pigment either floating freely or imbedded in the white blood corpuscles.

Melanagogue

Me*lan"a*gogue (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) A medicine supposed to expel black bile or choler. [Obs.]

Melancholia

Mel`an*cho"li*a (?), n. [L. See Melancholy.] (Med.) A kind of mental unsoundness characterized by extreme depression of spirits, ill-grounded fears, delusions, and brooding over one particular subject or train of ideas.

Melancholian

Mel`an*cho"li*an (?), n. A person affected with melancholy; a melancholic. [Obs.] Dr. J. Scott.

Melancholic

Mel"an*chol`ic (?), a. [L. melancholicus, Gr. m\'82lancholique.] Given to melancholy; depressed; melancholy; dejected; unhappy.
Just as the melancholic eye Sees fleets and armies in the sky. Prior.

Melancholic

Mel"an*chol`ic, n. [Obs.]

1. One affected with a gloomy state of mind. J. Spenser.

2. A gloomy state of mind; melancholy. Clarendon.

Melancholily

Mel"an*chol`i*ly (?), adv. In a melancholy manner.

Melancholiness

Mel"an*chol`i*ness, n. The state or quality of being melancholy. Hallywell.

Melancholious

Mel`an*cho"li*ous (?), a. [Cf. OF. melancholieux.] Melancholy. [R.] Milton.

Melancholist

Mel"an*chol*ist (?), n. One affected with melancholy or dejection. [Obs.] Glanvill.

Melancholize

Mel"an*cho*lize (?), v. i. To become gloomy or dejected in mind. Barrow.

Melancholize

Mel"an*cho*lize, v. t. To make melancholy.

Melancholy

Mel"an*chol*y (?), n. [OE. melancolie, F. m\'82lancolie, L. melancholia, fr. Gr. Malice, and 1st Gall.]

1. Depression of spirits; a gloomy state continuing a considerable time; deep dejection; gloominess. Shak.

2. Great and continued depression of spirits, amounting to mental unsoundness; melancholia.

3. Pensive maditation; serious thoughtfulness. [Obs.] "Hail, divinest Melancholy !" Milton.

4. Ill nature. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Melancholy

Mel"an*chol*y, a.

1. Depressed in spirits; dejected; gloomy dismal. Shak.

2. Producing great evil and grief; causing dejection; calamitous; afflictive; as, a melancholy event.

3. Somewhat deranged in mind; having the jugment impaired. [Obs.] Bp. Reynolds.

4. Favorable to meditation; somber.

A pretty, melancholy seat, well wooded and watered. Evelin.
Syn. -- Gloomy; sad; dispirited; low-spirited; downhearted; unhappy; hypochondriac; disconsolate; heavy, doleful; dismal; calamitous; afflictive.

Melanesian

Mel`a*ne"sian (?), a. [Gr. Melanesia was so called from the dark complexion of the natives.] Of or pertaining to Melanesia.

M\'82lange

M\'82`lange" (?), n. [F. See Mell, Meddle.] A mixture; a medley.

Melanian

Me*la"ni*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a family of fresh-water pectinibranchiate mollusks, having a turret-shaped shell.

Melanic

Me*lan"ic (?), a. [Gr.

1. Melanotic.

2. (Ethnol.) Of or pertaining to the black-haired races. Prichard.

Melaniline

Me*lan"i*line (?), n. (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous hydrocarbon obtained artificially (as by the action of cyanogen chloride on aniline) as a white, crystalline substance; -- called also diphenyl guanidin.

Melanin

Mel"a*nin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol.) A black pigment found in the pigment-bearing cells of the skin (particularly in the skin of the negro), in the epithelial cells of the external layer of the retina (then called fuscin), in the outer layer of the choroid, and elsewhere. It is supposed to be derived from the decomposition of hemoglobin.
Page 910

Melanism

Mel"a*nism (?), n. [Gr. , , black.]

1. An indue development of dark-colored pigment in the skin or its appendages; -- the opposite of albinism.

2. (Med.) A disease; black jaundice. See Mel.

Melanistic

Mel`a*nis"tic (?), a. Affected with melanism; of the nature of melanism.

Melanite

Mel"a*nite (?), n. [Gr. m\'82lanite.] (Min.) A black variety of garnet.

Melanochroi

Mel`a*noch"ro*i (?), n. pl. [NL. See Melanochroic.] (Ethnol.) A group of the human race, including the dark whites.

Melanochroic

Mel`a*no*chro"ic (?), a. [Gr. Having a dark complexion; of or pertaining to the Melanochroi.

Melanochroite

Mel`a*no*chro"ite (?), n. [See Melanochroic.] (Min.) A mineral of a red, or brownish or yellowish red color. It is a chromate of lead; -- called also ph\'d2nicocroite.

Melanocomous

Mel`a*noc"o*mous (?), a. [Gr. Having very dark or black hair; black-haired. Prichard.

Melanorrh\'d2a

Mel`a*nor*rh\'d2"a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) An East Indian genus of large trees. Melanorrh&oe;a usitatissima is the lignum-vit\'91 of Peru, and yelds a valuable black varnish. <-- #"Peru" in original was "Pegu" -- must be an error, so changed here. -->

Melanoscope

Me*lan"o*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Opt.) An instrument containing a combination of colored glasses such that they transmit only red light, so that objects of other colors, as green leaves, appear black when seen through it. It is used for viewing colored flames, to detect the presence of potassium, lithium, etc., by the red light which they emit.

Melanosis

Mel`a*no"sis (?), [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) The morbid deposition of black matter, often of a malignant character, causing pigmented tumors.

Melanosperm

Me*lan"o*sperm (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) An alga of any kind that produces blackish spores, or seed dust. The melanosperms include the rockweeds and all kinds of kelp. -- Mel`a*no*sper"mous (#), a.

Melanotic

Mel`a*not"ic (?), Melanistic.

Melanotype

Me*lan"o*type (?), n. [Gr. -type.] (Photog.) A positive picture produced with sensitized collodion on a smooth surface of black varnish, coating a thin plate of iron; also, the process of making such a picture. [Written also melainotype.]

Melanterite

Me*lan"ter*ite (?), n. (Min.) A hydrous sulphate of iron of a green color and vitreous luster; iron vitriol.

Melanure

Mel"a*nure (?), n. [NL. melanurus, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A small fish of the Mediterranean; a gilthead. See Gilthead (a).

Melanuric

Mel`a*nu"ric (?), a. [Melam + urea.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid obtained by decomposition of melam, or of urea, as a white crystalline powder; -- called also melanurenic acid.

Melaphyre

Mel"a*phyre (?), n. [F., fr. Gr. phyre porphyry.] (Min.) Any one of several dark-colored augitic, eruptive rocks allied to basalt.

Melasma

Me*las"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A dark discoloration of the skin, usually local; as, Addison's melasma, or Addison's disease. -- Me*las"mic (#), a.

Melasses

Me*las"ses (?), n. See Molasses.

Melassic

Me*las"sic (?), a. [See Molasses.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from molasses or glucose, and probably identical with saccharic acid. See Saccharic.

Melastoma

Me*las"to*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of evergreen tropical shrubs; -- so called from the black berries of some species, which stain the mouth.

Melastomaceous

Mel`a*sto*ma"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Belonging to the order of which Melastoma is the type.

Melchite

Mel"chite (?), n. [Heb. melek king.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect, chiefly in Syria and Egypt, which acknowledges the authority of the pope, but adheres to the liturgy and ceremonies of the Eastern Church.

Meleagrine

Mel`e*a"grine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the genus Meleagris.

Meleagris

Mel`e*a"gris (?), n. [L., the Guinea fowl.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of American gallinaceous birds, including the common and the wild turkeys.

M\'88l\'82e

M\'88`l\'82e" (?), n. [F., fr. m\'88ler to mix. See Meddle, Mell, and cf. Mellay.] A fight in which the combatants are mingled

Melena

Me*le"na (?), n. (Med.) See Mel.

Melene

Mel"ene (?), n. [Melissic + ethylene.] (Chem.) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C30H60, of the ethylene series, obtained from beeswax as a white, scaly, crystalline wax; -- called also melissene, and melissylene.

Melenite

Mel"e*nite (?), n. [Gr. me`li honey.] An explosive of great destructive power; -- so called from its color, which resembles honey.

Meletin

Mel"e*tin (?), n. (Chem.) See Quercitin.

Melezitose

Me*lez"i*tose` (?), n. [F. m\'82l\'8aze the larch + melitose.] (Chem.) A variety of sugar, isomeric with sucrose, extracted from the manna of the larch (Larix). [Written also melicitose.]

Meliaceous

Me`li*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Pertaining to a natural order (Meliac\'91) of plants of which the genus Melia is the type. It includes the mahogany and the Spanish cedar.

Melibean, Melib Mel`i*be"an (?), Mel`i*b, a. [From L. Meliboeus, one of the interlocutors in Virgil's first Eclogue.] (Rhet.) Alternately responsive, as verses.

Melic

Mel"ic (?), [Gr. Of or pertaining to song; lyric; tuneful.

Melicerous

Me*lic"er*ous (?), a. [L. meliceris a kind of tumor, fr. Gr. me`li honey + (Med.) Consisting of or containing matter like honey; -- said of certain encysted tumors.

Melic grass

Mel"ic grass` (?). (Bot.) A genus of grasses (Melica) of little agricultural importance.

Melicotoon

Mel`i*co*toon" (?), n. (Bot.) See Melocoton.

Melicratory

Me*lic"ra*to*ry (?), n. [Gr. meli`kraton.] A meadlike drink. [Obs.]

Melilite

Mel"i*lite (?), n. [Gr. me`li honey + -lite; cf. F. m\'82lilithe.] (Min.) A mineral occurring in small yellow crystals, found in the lavas (melilite basalt) of Vesuvius, and elsewhere. [Written also mellilite.]

Melilot

Mel"i*lot (?), n. [F. m\'82lilot, L. melilotus, fr. Gr. me`li honey + (Bot.) Any species of Melilotus, a genus of leguminous herbs having a vanillalike odor; sweet clover; hart's clover. The blue melilot (Melilotus c\'91rulea) is used in Switzerland to give color and flavor to sapsago cheese.

Melilotic

Mel`i*lot"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, sweet clover or meliot; specifically, designating an acid of the aromatic series, obtained from melilot as a white crystalline substance.

Meliorate

Mel"io*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Meliorated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Meliorating.] [L. melioratus, p. p. of meliorare to meliorate, fr. melior better; akin to Gr. Ameliorate.] To make better; to improve; to ameliorate; to soften; to make more tolerable.
Nature by art we nobly meliorate. Denham.
The pure and bening light of revelation has had a meliorating influence on mankind. Washington.

Meliorate

Mel"io*rate, v. i. To grow better.

Meliorater

Mel"io*ra`ter (?), n. Same as Meliorator.

Melioration

Mel`io*ra"tion (?), n. [L. melioratio.] The act or operation of meliorating, or the state of being meliorated; improvement. Bacon.

Meliorator

Mel"io*ra`tor (?), n. One who meliorates.

Meliorism

Mel"io*rism (?), n. [From L. melior better.] The doctrine that there is a tendency throughout nature toward improvement. J. Sully.

Meliority

Mel*ior"i*ty (?), n. [LL. melioritas, fr. L. melior. See Meliorate.] The state or quality of being better; melioration. [Obs.] Bacon.

Meliphagan

Me*liph"a*gan (?), a. [Gr. me`li honey + (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the genus Meliphaga.

Meliphagan

Me*liph"a*gan, n. (Zo\'94l.) Any bird of the genus Meliphaga and allied genera; a honey eater; -- called also meliphagidan.

Meliphagous

Me*liph"a*gous (?), a. [See Meliphagan.] (Zool.) Eating, or feeding upon, honey.

Melisma

Me*lis"ma (?), n.; pl. Melismata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Mus.) (a) A piece of melody; a song or tune, -- as opposed to recitative or musical declamation. (b) A grace or embellishment.

Melissa

Me*lis"sa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. me`lissa a bee, honey.] (Bot.) A genus of labiate herbs, including the balm, or bee balm (Melissa officinalis).

Melissic

Me*lis"sic (?), a. [Gr. me`lissa a bee, honey.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, beeswax; specif., denoting an acid obtained by oxidation of myricin.

Melissyl

Me*lis"syl (?), n. [Melissic +yl.] (Chem.) See Myricyl.

Melissylene

Me*lis"sy*lene (?), n. [Melissic + -yl + -ene.] (Chem.) See Melene.

Melitose

Mel"i*tose` (?), n. [Gr. me`li honey.] (Chem.) A variety of sugar isomeric with sucrose, extracted from cotton seeds and from the so-called Australian manna (a secretion of certain species of Eucalyptus).

Mell

Mell (?), v. i. & t. [F. m\'88ler, OF. meller, mester. See Meddle.] To mix; to meddle. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mell

Mell, n. [See Mellifluous.] Honey. [Obs.] Warner.

Mell

Mell, n. A mill. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mellate

Mel"late (?), n. [L. mel, mellis, honey. Cf. Mellitate.] (Chem.) A mellitate. [R.]

Mellay

Mel"lay (?), n. A m\'88l\'82e; a conflict. Tennyson.

Mellic

Mel"lic (?), a. (Chem.) See Mellitic. [R.]

Melliferous

Mel*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. mellifer; mel, mellis, honey + ferre to bear.] Producing honey.

Mellific

Mel*lif"ic (?), a. [L. mel, mellis, honey + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.] Producing honey.

Mellification

Mel`li*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. mellificare to make honey: cf. F. mellification. See Mellific.] The making or production of honey.

Mellifluence

Mel*lif"lu*ence (?), n. A flow of sweetness, or a sweet, smooth flow.

Mellifluent

Mel*lif"lu*ent (?), a. [L. mellifluens. See Mellifluous.] Flowing as with honey; smooth; mellifluous.

Mellifluently

Mel*lif"lu*ent*ly, adv. In a mellifluent manner.

Mellifluous

Mel*lif"lu*ous (?), a. [L. mellifluus; mel, mellis, honey (akin to Gr. milip) + fluere to flow. See Mildew, Fluent, and cf. Marmalade.] Flowing as with honey; smooth; flowing sweetly or smoothly; as, a mellifluous voice. -- Mel*lif"lu*ous*ly, adv.

Melligenous

Mel*lig"e*nous (?), a. [L. mel, mellis + -genous.] Having the qualities of honey. [R.]

Melligo

Mel*li"go (?), n. [L.] Honeydew.

Melliloquent

Mel*lil"o*quent (?), a. [L. mel, mellis honey + loquens speaking, p. pr. of loqui to speak.] Speaking sweetly or harmoniously.

Melliphagan

Mel*liph"a*gan (?), n. See Meliphagan.

Melliphagous

Mel*liph"a*gous (?), a. See Meliphagous.

Mellitate

Mel"li*tate (?), n. [Cf. F. mellitate. See Mellitic.] (Chem.) A salt of mellitic acid.

Mellite

Mel"lite (?), n. [L. mel, mellis, honey: cf. F. mellite.] (Min.) A mineral of a honey color, found in brown coal, and partly the result of vegetable decomposition; honeystone. It is a mellitate of alumina.

Mellitic

Mel*lit"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. mellitique. See Mellite.] (Chem.) (a) Containing saccharine matter; marked by saccharine secretions; as, mellitic diabetes. (b) Pertaining to, or derived from, the mineral mellite. Mellitic acid (Chem.), a white, crystalline, organic substance, C6(CO2H)6, occurring naturally in combination with aluminium in the mineral mellite, and produced artificially by the oxidation of coal, graphite, etc., and hence called also graphitic acid.

Mellone

Mel"lone (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow powder, C6H3N9, obtained from certain sulphocyanates. It has acid properties and forms compounds called mellonides.

Mellonide

Mel"lon*ide (?), n. See Mellone.

Mellow

Mel"low (?), a. [Compar. Mellower (?); superl. Mellowest.] [OE. melwe; cf. AS. mearu soft, D. murw, Prov. G. mollig soft, D. malsch, and E. meal flour.]

1. Soft or tender by reason of ripeness; having a tender pulp; as, a mellow apple.

2. Hence: (a) Easily worked or penetrated; not hard or rigid; as, a mellow soil. "Mellow glebe." Drayton (b) Not coarse, rough, or harsh; subdued; soft; rich; delicate; -- said of sound, color, flavor, style, etc. "The mellow horn." Wordsworth. "The mellow-tasted Burgundy." Thomson.

The tender flush whose mellow stain imbues Heaven with all freaks of light. Percival.

3. Well matured; softened by years; genial; jovial.

May health return to mellow age. Wordsworth.
As merry and mellow an old bachelor as ever followed a hound. W. Irving.

4. Warmed by liquor; slightly intoxicated. Addison.

Mellow

Mel"low, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mellowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mellowing.] To make mellow. Shak.
If the Weather prove frosty to mellow it [the ground], they do not plow it again till April. Mortimer.
The fervor of early feeling is tempered and mellowed by the ripeness of age. J. C. Shairp.

Mellow

Mel"low, v. i. To become mellow; as, ripe fruit soon mellows. "Prosperity begins to mellow." Shak.

Mellowly

Mel"low*ly, adv. In a mellow manner.

Mellowness

Mel"low*ness, n. Quality or state of being mellow.

Mellowy

Mel"low*y (?), a. Soft; unctuous. Drayton.

Melluco

Mel*lu"co (?), n. (Bot.) A climbing plant (Ullucus officinalis) of the Andes, having tuberous roots which are used as a substitute for potatoes.

Melne

Mel"ne (?), n. A mill. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Melocoton, Melocotoon

Mel`o*co*ton", Mel`o*co*toon" (?), n. [Sp. melocoton a kind of peach tree and its fruit, L. malum cotonium, or cotonea, or Cydonia, a quince, or quince tree, lit., apple of Cydonia, Gr. Quince.] (Bot.) (a) A quince. (b) A kind of peach having one side deep red, and the flesh yellow. [Written also malacatoon, malacotune.]

Melodeon

Me*lo"de*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Melody, and cf. Odeon.]

1. (Mus.) A kind of small reed organ; -- a portable form of the seraphine.

2. A music hall.

Melodic

Me*lod"ic (?), a. [L. melodicus, Gr. m\'82lodique.] Of the nature of melody; relating to, containing, or made up of, melody; melodious.

Melodics

Me*lod"ics (?), n. The department of musical science which treats of the pitch of tones, and of the laws of melody.

Melodiograph

Me*lo"di*o*graph (?), n. [Melody + -graph.] A contrivance for preserving a record of music, by recording the action of the keys of a musical instrument when played upon.

Melodious

Me*lo"di*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82lodieux. See Melody.] Containing, or producing, melody; musical; agreeable to the ear by a sweet succession of sounds; as, a melodious voice. "A melodious voice." "A melodious undertone." Longfellow. -- Me*lo"di*ous*ly, adv. -- Me*lo"di*ous*ness, n.

Melodist

Mel"o*dist (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82lodiste.] A composer or singer of melodies.

Melodize

Mel"o*dize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Melodized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Melodizing (?).] To make melodious; to form into, or set to, melody.

Melodize

Mel"o*dize, v. i. To make melody; to compose melodies; to harmonize.

Melodrama

Mel`o*dra"ma (?), n. [F. m\'82lodrame, fr. Gr. Formerly, a kind of drama having a musical accompaniment to intensify the effect of certain scenes. Now, a drama abounding in romantic sentiment and agonizing situations, with a musical accompaniment only in parts which are especially thrilling or pathetic. In opera, a passage in which the orchestra plays a somewhat descriptive accompaniment, while the actor speaks; as, the melodrama in the gravedigging scene of Beethoven's "Fidelio".

Melodramatic

Mel`o*dra*mat"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82lodramatique.] Of or pertaining to melodrama; like or suitable to a melodrama; unnatural in situation or action. -- Mel`o*dra*mat"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

Melodramatist

Mel`o*dram"a*tist (?), n. One who acts in, or writes, melodramas.

Melodrame

Mel"o*drame (?), n. [F.] Melodrama.

Melody

Mel"o*dy (?), n.; pl. Melodies (#). [OE. melodie, F. m\'82lodie, L. melodia, fr. Gr. Ode.]

1. A sweet or agreeable succession of sounds.

Lulled with sound of sweetest melody. Shak.

2. (Mus.) A rhythmical succession of single tones, ranging for the most part within a given key, and so related together as to form a musical whole, having the unity of what is technically called a musical thought, at once pleasing to the ear and characteristic in expression. &hand; Melody consists in a succession of single tones; harmony is a consonance or agreement of tones, also a succession of consonant musical combinations or chords.

3. The air or tune of a musical piece. Syn. -- See Harmony.

Meloe

Mel"o*e (?), [ NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of beetles without wings, but having short oval elytra; the oil beetles. These beetles are sometimes used instead of cantharides for raising blisters. See Oil beetle, under Oil.
Page 911

Melograph

Mel"o*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph : cf. F. m\'82lographe.] Same as Melodiograph.

Melolonthidian

Mel`o*lon*thid"i*an (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A beetle of the genus Melolontha, and allied genera. See May beetle, under May.

Melon

Mel"on (?), n. [F., fr. L. melo, for melopepo an apple-shaped melon, Gr. malum apple. Cf. Marmalade.]

1. (Bot.) The juicy fruit of certain cucurbitaceous plants, as the muskmelon, watermelon, and citron melon; also, the plant that produces the fruit.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A large, ornamental, marine, univalve shell of the genus Melo. Melon beetle (Zo\'94l.), a small leaf beetle (Diabrotiea vittata), which damages the leaves of melon vines. -- Melon cactus, Melon thistle. (a) (Bot.) A genus of cactaceous plants (Melocactus) having a fleshy and usually globose stem with the surface divided into spiny longitudinal ridges, and bearing at the top a prickly and woolly crown in which the small pink flowers are half concealed. M. communis, from the West Indies, is often cultivated, and sometimes called Turk's cap. (b) The related genus Mamillaria, in which the stem is tubercled rather than ribbed, and the flowers sometimes large. See Illust. under Cactus.

Melopiano

Mel`o*pi*a"no (?), n. [Gr. piano.] A piano having a mechanical attachment which enables the player to prolong the notes at will.

Meloplastic

Mel`o*plas"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to meloplasty, or the artificial formation of a new cheek.

Meloplasty

Mel"o*plas`ty (?), n. [Gr. -plasty: cf. F. m\'82loplastie.] (Surg.) The process of restoring a cheek which has been destroyed wholly or in part.

Melop Mel`o*p (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Mus.) The art of forming melody; melody; -- now often used for a melodic passage, rather than a complete melody.

Melotype

Mel"o*type (?), n. (Photog.) A picture produced by a process in which development after exposure may be deferred indefinitely, so as to permit transportation of exposed plates; also, the process itself.

Melpomene

Mel*pom"e*ne (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Class. Myth.) The Muse of tragedy.

2. (Astron.) The eighteenth asteroid.

Melrose

Mel"rose (?), n. Honey of roses.

Melt

Melt (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See 2d Milt.

Melt

Melt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Melted (obs.) p. p. Molten (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Melting.] [AS. meltan; akin to Gr. malt, and prob. to E. smelt, v. Smelt, v., Malt, Milt the spleen.]

1. To reduce from a solid to a liquid state, as by heat; to liquefy; as, to mell wax, tallow, or lead; to melt ice or snow.

2. Hence: To soften, as by a warming or kindly influence; to relax; to render gentle or susceptible to mild influences; sometimes, in a bad sense, to take away the firmness of; to weaken.

Thou would'st have . . . melted down thy youth. Shak.
For pity melts the mind to love. Dryden.
Syn. -- To liquefy; fuse; thaw; mollify; soften.

Melt

Melt, v. i.

1. To be changed from a solid to a liquid state under the influence of heat; as, butter and wax melt at moderate temperatures.

2. To dissolve; as, sugar melts in the mouth.

3. Hence: To be softened; to become tender, mild, or gentle; also, to be weakened or subdued, as by fear.

My soul melteth for heaviness. Ps. cxix. 28.
Melting with tenderness and kind compassion. Shak.

4. To lose distinct form or outline; to blend.

The soft, green, rounded hills, with their flowing outlines, overlapping and melting into each other. J. C. Shairp.

5. To disappear by being dispersed or dissipated; as, the fog melts away. Shak.

Meltable

Melt"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being melted.

Melter

Melt"er (?), One who, or that which, melts.

Melting

Melt"ing, n. Liquefaction; the act of causing (something) to melt, or the process of becoming melted. Melting point (Chem.), the degree of temperature at which a solid substance melts or fuses; as, the melting point of ice is 0° Centigrade or 32° Fahr., that of urea is 132° Centigrade. -- Melting pot, a vessel in which anything is melted; a crucible.

Melting

Melt"ing a. Causing to melt; becoming melted; -- used literally or figuratively; as, a melting heat; a melting appeal; a melting mood. -- Melt"ing*ly, adv.

Melton

Mel"ton (?), [Etymol. uncertain.] A kind of stout woolen cloth with unfinished face and without raised nap. A commoner variety has a cotton warp.

Member

Mem"ber (?), v. t. [See Remember.] To remember; to cause to remember; to mention. [Obs.]

Member

Mem"ber, n. [OE. membre, F. membre, fr. L. membrum; cf. Goth. mimz flesh, Skr. mamsa.]

1. (Anat.) A part of an animal capable of performing a distinct office; an organ; a limb.

We have many members in one body, and all members have not the same office. Rom. xii. 4.

2. Hence, a part of a whole; an independent constituent of a body; as: (a) A part of a discourse or of a period or sentence; a clause; a part of a verse. (b) (Math.) Either of the two parts of an algebraic equation, connected by the sign of equality. (c) (Engin.) Any essential part, as a post, tie rod, strut, etc., of a framed structure, as a bridge truss. (d) (Arch.) Any part of a building, whether constructional, as a pier, column, lintel, or the like, or decorative, as a molding, or group of moldings. (e) One of the persons composing a society, community, or the like; an individual forming part of an association; as, a member of the society of Friends. Compression member, Tension member (Engin.), a member, as a rod, brace, etc., which is subjected to compression or tension, respectively.

Membered

Mem"bered (?), a.

1. Having limbs; -- chiefly used in composition.

2. (Her.) Having legs of a different tincture from that of the body; -- said of a bird in heraldic representations.

Membership

Mem"ber*ship, n.

1. The state of being a member.

2. The collective body of members, as of a society.

Membral

Mem"bral (?), a. (Anat.) Relating to a member.

Membranaceous

Mem`bra*na"ceous (?), a. [L. membranaceus.]

1. Same as Membranous. Arbuthnot.

2. (Bot.) Thin and rather soft or pliable, as the leaves of the rose, peach tree, and aspen poplar.

Membrane

Mem"brane (?), n. [F., fr. L. membrana the skin that covers the separate members of the body, fr. L. membrum. See Member.] (Anat.) A thin layer or fold of tissue, usually supported by a fibrous network, serving to cover or line some part or organ, and often secreting or absorbing certain fluids. &hand; The term is also often applied to the thin, expanded parts, of various texture, both in animals and vegetables. Adventitious membrane, a membrane connecting parts not usually connected, or of a different texture from the ordinary connection; as, the membrane of a cicatrix. -- Jacob's membrane. See under Retina. -- Mucous membranes (Anat.), the membranes lining passages and cavities which communicate with the exterior, as well as ducts and receptacles of secretion, and habitually secreting mucus. -- Schneiderian membrane. (Anat.) See Schneiderian. -- Serous membranes (Anat.) , the membranes, like the peritoneum and pleura, which line, or lie in, cavities having no obvious outlet, and secrete a serous fluid.

Membraneous

Mem*bra"ne*ous (?), a. [L. membraneus of parchment.] See Membranous.

Membraniferous

Mem`bra*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Membrane + -ferous.] Having or producing membranes.

Membraniform

Mem*bra"ni*form (?), a. [Membrane + -form: cf. F. membraniforme.] Having the form of a membrane or of parchment.

Membranology

Mem`bra*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Membrane + -logy.] The science which treats of membranes.

Membranous

Mem"bra*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. membraneux.]

1. Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling, membrane; as, a membranous covering or lining.

2. (Bot.) Membranaceous. Membranous croup (Med.), true croup. See Croup.

Memento

Me*men"to (?), n.; pl. Mementos (#). [L., remember, be mindful, imper. of meminisse to remember. See Mention.] A hint, suggestion, token, or memorial, to awaken memory; that which reminds or recalls to memory; a souvenir.
Seasonable mementos may be useful. Bacon.

Meminna

Me*min"na (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small deerlet, or chevrotain, of India.

Memnon

Mem"non (?), n. [L., from Gr. (Antiq.) A celebrated Egyptian statue near Thebes, said to have the property of emitting a harplike sound at sunrise.

Memoir, or pl. Memoirs

Mem"oir (?), or pl. Mem"oirs (?), n. [F. m\'82moire, m., memorandum, fr. m\'82moire, f., memory, L. memoria. See Memory.]

1. A memorial account; a history composed from personal experience and memory; an account of transactions or events (usually written in familiar style) as they are remembered by the writer. See History, 2.

2. A memorial of any individual; a biography; often, a biography written without special regard to method and completeness.

3. An account of something deemed noteworthy; an essay; a record of investigations of any subject; the journals and proceedings of a society.

Memoirist

Mem"oir*ist, n. A writer of memoirs.

Memorabilia

Mem`o*ra*bil"i*a (?), n. pl. [L., fr. memorabilis memorable. See Memorable.] Things remarkable and worthy of remembrance or record; also, the record of them.

Memorability

Mem`o*ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being memorable.

Memorable

Mem"o*ra*ble (?), a. [L. memorabilis, fr. memorare to bring to remembrance, fr. memor mindful, remembering. See Memory, and cf. Memorabilia.] Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable. -- Mem"o*ra*ble*ness, n. -- Mem"o*ra*bly, adv.
Surviving fame to gain, Buy tombs, by books, by memorable deeds. Sir J. Davies.

Memorandum

Mem`o*ran"dum (?), n.; pl. E. Memorandums, L. Memoranda (#). [L., something to be remembered, neut. of memorandus, fut. pass. p. of memorare. See Memorable.]

1. A record of something which it is desired to remember; a note to help the memory.

I . . . entered a memorandum in my pocketbook. Guardian.
I wish you would, as opportunity offers, make memorandums of the regulations of the academies. Sir J. Reynolds.

2. (Law) A brief or informal note in writing of some transaction, or an outline of an intended instrument; an instrument drawn up in a brief and compendious form. Memorandum check, a check given as an acknowledgment of indebtedness, but with the understanding that it will not be presented at bank unless the maker fails to take it up on the day the debt becomes due. It usually has Mem. written on its face.

Memorate

Mem"o*rate (?), v. t. [L. memoratus, p. p. of memorare. See Memorable.] To commemorate. [Obs.]

Memorative

Mem"o*ra*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82moratif.] Commemorative. [Obs.] Hammond.

Memoria

Me*mo"ri*a (?), n. [L.] Memory. Memoria technica, technical memory; a contrivance for aiding the memory.

Memorial

Me*mo"ri*al (?), a. [F. m\'82morial, L. memorialis, fr. memoria. See Memory.]

1. Serving to preserve remembrance; commemorative; as, a memorial building.

There high in air, memorial of my name, Fix the smooth oar, and bid me live to fame. Pope.

2. Contained in memory; as, a memorial possession.

3. Mnemonic; assisting the memory.

This succession of Aspirate, Soft, and Hard, may be expressed by the memorial word ASH. Skeat.
Memorial Day. Same as Decoration Day. [U.S.]

Memorial

Me*mo"ri*al, n. [Cf. F. m\'82morial.]

1. Anything intended to preserve the memory of a person or event; something which serves to keep something else in remembrance; a monument. Macaulay.

Churches have names; some as memorials of peace, some of wisdom, some in memory of the Trinity itself. Hooker.

2. A memorandum; a record. [Obs. or R.] Hayward.

3. A written representation of facts, addressed to the government, or to some branch of it, or to a society, etc., -- often accompanied with a petition.

4. Memory; remembrance. [Obs.]

Precious is the memorial of the just. Evelyn.

5. (Diplomacy) A species of informal state paper, much used in negotiation.

Memorialist

Me*mo"ri*al*ist, n. [Cf. F. m\'82morialiste.] One who writes or signs a memorial.

Memorialize

Me*mo"ri*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Memorialized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Memorializing (?).] To address or petition by a memorial; to present a memorial to; as, to memorialize the legislature. T. Hook.

Memorializer

Me*mo"ri*al*i`zer (?), n. One who petitions by a memorial. T. Hook.

Memorist

Mem"o*rist (?), n. [See Memorize.] One who, or that which, causes to be remembered. [Obs.]

Memoriter

Me*mor"i*ter (?), adv. [L., fr. memor mindful. See Memorable.] By, or from, memory.

Memorize

Mem"o*rize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Memorized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Memorizing (?).] [See Memory.]

1. To cause to be remembered ; hence, to record. [Obs.]

They neglect to memorize their conquest. Spenser.
They meant to . . . memorize another Golgotha. Shak.

2. To commit to memory; to learn by heart.

Memory

Mem"o*ry (?), n.; pl. Memories (#). [OE. memorie, OF. memoire, memorie, F. m\'82moire, L. memoria, fr. memor mindful; cf. mora delay. Cf. Demur, Martyr, Memoir, Remember.]

1. The faculty of the mind by which it retains the knowledge of previous thoughts, impressions, or events.

Memory is the purveyor of reason. Rambler.

2. The reach and positiveness with which a person can remember; the strength and trustworthiness of one's power to reach and represent or to recall the past; as, his memory was never wrong.

3. The actual and distinct retention and recognition of past ideas in the mind; remembrance; as, in memory of youth; memories of foreign lands.

4. The time within which past events can be or are remembered; as, within the memory of man.

And what, before thy memory, was done From the begining. Milton.

5. Something, or an aggregate of things, remembered; hence, character, conduct, etc., as preserved in remembrance, history, or tradition; posthumous fame; as, the war became only a memory.

The memory of the just is blessed. Prov. x. 7.
That ever-living man of memory, Henry the Fifth. Shak.
The Nonconformists . . . have, as a body, always venerated her [Elizabeth's] memory. Macaulay.

6. A memorial. [Obs.]

These weeds are memories of those worser hours. Shak.
Syn. -- Memory, Remembrance, Recollection, Reminiscence. Memory is the generic term, denoting the power by which we reproduce past impressions. Remembrance is an exercise of that power when things occur spontaneously to our thoughts. In recollection we make a distinct effort to collect again, or call back, what we know has been formerly in the mind. Reminiscence is intermediate between remembrance and recollection, being a conscious process of recalling past occurrences, but without that full and varied reference to particular things which characterizes recollection. "When an idea again recurs without the operation of the like object on the external sensory, it is remembrance; if it be sought after by the mind, and with pain and endeavor found, and brought again into view, it is recollection." Locke. To draw to memory, to put on record; to record. [Obs.] Chaucer. Gower.

Memphian

Mem"phi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the ancient city of Memphis in Egypt; hence, Egyptian; as, Memphian darkness.

Men

Men (?), n., pl. of Man.

Men

Men, pron. [OE. me, men. "Not the plural of man, but a weakened form of the word man itself." Skeat.] A man; one; -- used with a verb in the singular, and corresponding to the present indefinite one or they. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
Men moot give silver to the poure triars. Chaucer.
A privy thief, men clepeth death. Chaucer.

Menaccanite

Me*nac"can*ite (?), n. [From Menaccan, in Cornwall, where it was first found.] (Min.) An iron-black or steel-gray mineral, consisting chiefly of the oxides of iron and titanium. It is commonly massive, but occurs also in rhombohedral crystals. Called also titanic iron ore, and ilmenite.

Menace

Men"ace (?), n. [F., fr. L. minaciae threats, menaces, fr. minax, -acis, projecting, threatening, minae projecting points or pinnacles, threats. Cf. Amenable, Demean, Imminent, Minatory.] The show of an intention to inflict evil; a threat or threatening; indication of a probable evil or catastrophe to come.
His (the pope's) commands, his rebukes, his menaces. Milman.
The dark menace of the distant war. Dryden.

Page 912

Menace

Men"ace (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Menaced (\'best); p. pr. & vb. n. Menacing (?).] [OF. menacier, F. menacer. See Menace, n.]

1. To express or show an intention to inflict, or to hold out a prospect of inflicting, evil or injury upon; to threaten; -- usually followed by with before the harm threatened; as, to menace a country with war.

My master . . . did menace me with death. Shak.

2. To threaten, as an evil to be inflicted.

By oath he menaced Revenge upon the cardinal. Shak.

Menace

Men"ace, v. i. To act in threatening manner; to wear a threatening aspect.
Who ever knew the heavens menace so? Shak.

Menacer

Men"a*cer (?), n. One who menaces.

Menacingly

Men"a*cing*ly, adv. In a threatening manner.

M\'82nage

M\'82`nage" (?), n. See Manage.

M\'82nage

M\'82`nage" (?), n. [See Menagerie.] A collection of animals; a menagerie. [Obs.] Addison.

Menagerie

Men*ag"er*ie (?), n. [F. m\'82nagerie, fr. m\'82nager to keep house, m\'82nage household. See Menial, Mansion.]

1. A piace where animals are kept and trained.

2. A collection of wild or exotic animals, kept for exhibition.

Menagogue

Men"a*gogue (?), n. [F. m\'82nagogue, fr. Gr. (Med.) Emmenagogue.

Menaion

Me*na"ion (?), n.; pl. Menaia (-y\'86). [NL., from Gr. (Eccl.) A work of twelve volumes, each containing the offices in the Greek Church for a month; also, each volume of the same. Shipley.

Menald, Menild

Men"ald (?), Men"ild (?), a. Covered with spots; speckled; variegated. [Obs.]

Mend

Mend (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mended; p. pr. & vb. n. Mending.] [Abbrev. fr. amend. See Amend.]

1. To repair, as anything that is torn, broken, defaced, decayed, or the like; to restore from partial decay, injury, or defacement; to patch up; to put in shape or order again; to re-create; as, to mend a garment or a machine.

2. To alter for the better; to set right; to reform; hence, to quicken; as, to mend one's manners or pace.

The best service they could do the state was to mend the lives of the persons who composed it. Sir W. Temple.

3. To help, to advance, to further; to add to.

Though in some lands the grass is but short, yet it mends garden herbs and fruit. Mortimer.
You mend the jewel by the wearing it. Shak.
Syn. -- To improve; help; better; emend; amend; correct; rectify; reform.

Mend

Mend, v. i. To grow better; to advance to a better state; to become improved. Shak.

Mendable

Mend"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being mended.

Mendacious

Men*da"cious (?), a. [L. mendax, -acis, lying, cf. mentiri to lie.]

1. Given to deception or falsehood; lying; as, a mendacious person.

2. False; counterfeit; containing falsehood; as, a mendacious statement. -- Men*da"cious*ly, adv. -- Men*da"cious*ness, n.

Mendacity

Men*dac"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Mendacities (#). [L. mendacitas.]

1. The quality or state of being mendacious; a habit of lying. Macaulay.

2. A falsehood; a lie. Sir T. Browne. Syn. -- Lying; deceit; untruth; falsehood.

Mender

Mend"er (?), n. One who mends or repairs.

Mendiant

Men"di*ant (?), n. See Mendinant. [Obs.]

Mendicancy

Men"di*can*cy (?), n. The condition of being mendicant; beggary; begging. Burke.

Mendicant

Men"di*cant (?), a. [L. mendicans, -antis, p. pr. of mendicare to beg, fr. mendicus beggar, indigent.] Practicing beggary; begging; living on alms; as, mendicant friars. Mendicant orders (R. C. Ch.), certain monastic orders which are forbidden to acquire landed property and are required to be supported by alms, esp. the Franciscans, the Dominicans, the Carmelites, and the Augustinians.

Mendicant

Men"di*cant, n. A beggar; esp., one who makes a business of begging; specifically, a begging friar.

Mendicate

Men"di*cate (?), v. t.& i. [L. mendicatus, p. p. of mendicare to beg.] To beg. [R.] Johnson.

Mendication

Men`di*ca"tion (?), n. The act or practice of begging; beggary; mendicancy. Sir T. Browne.

Mendicity

Men*dic"i*ty (?), n. [L. mendicitas: cf. F. mendicit\'82. See Mendicant.] The practice of begging; the life of a beggar; mendicancy. Rom. of R.

Mendinant

Men"di*nant (?), n. A mendicant or begging friar. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mendment

Mend"ment (?), n. Amendment. [Obs.]

Mendole

Men"dole (?), n. [Cf. F. mendol, mendole.] (Zo\'94l.) The cackerel.

Mendregal

Men"dre*gal (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Medregal.

Mends

Mends (?), n. See Amends. [Obs.] Shak.

Menge

Menge (?), v. i. [imp. Mente, Meinte; p. p. Ment, Meint.] [See Mingle.] To mix. [Obs.] Spenser.

Menhaden

Men*ha"den (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An American marine fish of the Herring familt (Brevoortia tyrannus), chiefly valuable for its oil and as a component of fertilizers; -- called also mossbunker, bony fish, chebog, pogy, hardhead, whitefish, etc.

Menhir

Men"hir (?), n. [F. Armor. men stone + hir high.] A large stone set upright in olden times as a memorial or monument. Many, of unknown date, are found in Brittany and throughout Northern Europe.

Menial

Men"ial (?), a. [OE. meneal, fr. meine, maine, household, OF. maisni\'82e, maisnie, LL. mansionaticum. See Mansion, and cf. Meine, n., Meiny.]

1. Belonging to a retinue or train of servants; performing servile office; serving.

Two menial dogs before their master pressed. Dryden.

2. Pertaining to servants, esp. domestic servants; servile; low; mean. " Menial offices." Swift.

Menial

Men"ial, n.

1. A domestic servant or retainer, esp. one of humble rank; one employed in low or servile offices.

2. A person of a servile character or disposition.

M\'82ni\'8are's disease

M\'82`ni\'8are's" dis*ease" (?). (Med.) A disease characterized by deafness and vertigo, resulting in inco\'94rdination of movement. It is supposed to depend upon a morbid condition of the semicircular canals of the internal ear. Named after M\'82ni\'8are, a French physician.

Menilite

Men"i*lite (?), n. [F. m\'82nilite; -- so called because it is found at M\'82nilmontant, near Paris.] (Min.) See Opal.

Meningeal

Me*nin"ge*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the meninges.

Meninges

Me*nin"ges (?), n. pl.; sing. Meninx (. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord; the pia mater, dura mater, and arachnoid membrane.

Meningitis

Men`in*gi"tis (?), n. [NL. See Meninges, and -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord. Cerebro-spinal meningitis. See under Cerebro-spinal.

Meniscal

Me*nis"cal (?), a. Pertaining to, or having the form of, a meniscus.

Meniscoid

Me*nis"coid (?), a. [Meniscus + -oid.] Concavo-convex, like a meniscus.

Meniscus

Me*nis"cus (?), n.; pl. L. Menisci (-s\'c6), E. Meniscuses (#). [NL., from Gr. mh`nh the moon.]

1. A crescent.

2. (Opt.) A lens convex on one side and concave on the other.

3. (Anat.) An interarticular synovial cartilage or membrane; esp., one of the intervertebral synovial disks in some parts of the vertebral column of birds. Converging meniscus, Diverging meniscus. See Lens.

Menispermaceous

Men`i*sper*ma"ceous (?), a. [Gr. mh`nh the moon + spe`rma seed.] (Bot.) Pertaining to a natural order (Menispermace&ae;) of climbing plants of which moonseed (Menispermum) is the type.

Menispermic

Men`i*sper"mic (, a. Pertaining to, or obtained from, moonseed (Menispermum), or other plants of the same family, as the Anamirta Cocculus.

Menispermine

Men`i*sper"mine (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82nispermine.] (Chem.) An alkaloid distinct from picrotoxin and obtained from the cocculus indicus (the fruit of Anamirta Cocculus, formerly Menispermum Cocculus) as a white, crystalline, tasteless powder; -- called also menispermina.

Meniver

Men"i*ver (?), n. [OF. menuver, menuveir, menuvair, a grayish fur; menu small + vair a kind of fur. See Minute, a., and Vair.] Same as Miniver.

Mennonist, Mennonite

Men"non*ist (?), Men"non*ite (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a small denomination of Christians, so called from Menno Simons of Friesland, their founder. They believe that the New Testament is the only rule of faith, that there is no original sin, that infants should not be baptized, and that Christians ought not to take oath, hold office, or render military service.

Menobranch, Menobranchus

Men"o*branch (?), Men`o*bran"chus (?), n. [NL. menobranchus, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A large aquatic American salamander of the genus Necturus, having permanent external gills.

Menologium, Menology

Men`o*lo"gi*um (?), Me*nol"o*gy (?), n.; pl. L. Menologia (#), E. Menologies (#). [NL. menologium, fr. Gr. m\'82nologe.]

1. A register of months. Bp. Stillingfleet.

2. (Gr. Church) A brief calendar of the lives of the saints for each day in the year, or a simple remembrance of those whose lives are not written.

Menopause

Men"o*pause (?), n. [Gr. Menses.] (Med.) The period of natural cessation of menstruation. See Change of life, under Change.

Menopoma, Menopome

Men`o*po"ma (?), Men"o*pome (?), n. [NL. menopoma, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The hellbender.

Menorrhagia

Men`or*rha"gi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) Profuse menstruation. (b) Any profuse bleeding from the uterus; Metrorrhagia.

Menostasis

Me*nos"ta*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. mh`n month + 'istan`nai to stop.] (Med.) Stoppage of the mences.

Menostation

Men`os*ta"tion (?), n. (Med.) Same as Menostasis.

Menow

Men"ow (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A minnow.

Men-pleaser

Men"-pleas`er (?), n. One whose motive is to please men or the world, rather than God. Eph. vi. 6.

Mensal

Men"sal (?), a. [L. mensalis, fr. mensa table.] Belonging to the table; transacted at table; as, mensa conversation.

Mensal

Men"sal (?), a. [L. mensis month.] Occurring once in a month; monthly.

Mense

Mense (?), n. [OE. menske, AS. mennisc human, man. See Man.] Manliness; dignity; comeliness; civility. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] -- Mense"ful (#), a. -- Mense"less, a.

Mense

Mense, v. t. To grace. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Menses

Men"ses (?), n. pl. [L. mensis month, pl. menses months, and the monthly courses of women. Cf. Month.] (Med.) The catamenial or menstrual discharge, a periodic flow of blood or bloody fluid from the uterus or female generative organs.

Menstrual

Men"stru*al (?), a. [L. menstrualis: cf. F. menstruel. See Menstruous.]

1. Recurring once a month; monthly; gone through in a month; as, the menstrual revolution of the moon; pertaining to monthly changes; as, the menstrual equation of the sun's place.

2. Of or pertaining to the menses; as, menstrual discharges; the menstrual period.

3. Of or pertaining to a menstruum. Bacon.

Menstruant

Men"stru*ant (?), a. [L. menstruans, p. pr. of menstruare to have a monthly term, fr. menstruus. See Menstruous.] Subject to monthly flowing or menses.

Menstruate

Men"stru*ate (?), a. Menstruous. [Obs.]

Menstruate

Men"stru*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Menstruated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Menstruating (?).] To discharge the menses; to have the catamenial flow.

Menstruation

Men`stru*a"tion (?), n. The discharge of the menses; also, the state or the period of menstruating.

Menstrue

Men"strue (?), n. [Cf. F. menstrues. See Menstruous.] The menstrual flux; menses. [Obs.]

Menstruous

Men"stru*ous (?), a. [L. menstruus, fr. mensis month. Cf. Menstruum.]

1. Having the monthly flow or discharge; menstruating.

2. Of or pertaining tj the monthly flow; catamenial.

Menstruum

Men"stru*um (?), n.; pl. E. Menstruums (#), L. Menstrua (#). [L. menstruus. See Menstruous.] Any substance which dissolves a solid body; a solvent.
The proper menstruum to dissolve metal. Bacon.
All liquors are called menstruums which are used as dissolvents, or to extract the virtues of ingredients by infusion or decoction. Quincy.
&hand; The use is supposed to have originated in some notion of the old chemists about the influence of the moon in the preparation of dissolvents. Johnson.

Mensurability

Men`su*ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. mensurabilit\'82.] The quality of being mensurable.

Mensurable

Men"su*ra*ble (?), a. [L. mensurabilis, fr. mensurare to measure, fr. mensura measure: cf. F. mensurable. See Measurable, Measure.] Capable of being measured; measurable.

Mensurableness

Men"su*ra*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being mensurable; measurableness.

Mensural

Men"su*ral (?), a. [L. mensuralis.] Of or pertaining to measure.

Mensurate

Men"su*rate (?), v. t. [L. mensuratus, p. p. of mensurare. See Measure, v.] To measure. [Obs.]

Mensuration

Men`su*ra"tion (?), n. [L. mensuratio : cf. F. mensuration.]

1. The act, process, or art, of measuring.

2. That branch of applied geometry which gives rules for finding the length of lines, the areas of surfaces, or the volumes of solids, from certain simple data of lines and angles.

-ment

-ment (?), [F. -ment, L. -mentum.] A suffix denoting that which does a thing; an act or process; the result of an act or process; state or condition; as, aliment, that which nourishes, ornament, increment; fragment, piece broken, segment; abridgment, act of abridging, imprisonment, movement, adjournment; amazement, state of being amazed, astonishment.

Ment

Ment (?), p. p. of Menge.

Mentagra

Men"ta*gra (?), n. [NL., fr. L. mentum chin + Gr. (Med.) Sycosis.

Mental

Men"tal (?), a. [L. mentum the chin.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the chin; genian; as, the mental nerve; the mental region.

Mental

Men"tal, n. (Zo\'94l.) A plate or scale covering the mentum or chin of a fish or reptile.

Mental

Men"tal, a. [F., fr. L. mentalis, fr. mens, mentis, the mind; akin to E. mind. See Mind.] Of or pertaining to the mind; intellectual; as, mental faculties; mental operations, conditions, or exercise.
What a mental power This eye shoots forth! Shak.
Mental alienation, insanity. -- Mental arithmetic, the art or practice of solving arithmetical problems by mental processes, unassisted by written figures.

Mentality

Men*tal"i*ty (?), n. Quality or state of mind. "The same hard mentality." Emerson.

Mentally

Men"tal*ly (?), adv. In the mind; in thought or meditation; intellectually; in idea.

Mentha

Men"tha (?), n. [L. See Mint the plant.] (Bot.) A widely distributed genus of fragrant herbs, including the peppermint, spearmint, etc. The plants have small flowers, usually arranged in dense axillary clusters.

Menthene

Men"thene (?), n. [Menthol + terpene.] (Chem.) A colorless liquid hydrocarbon resembling oil of turpentine, obtained by dehydrating menthol. It has an agreeable odor and a cooling taste.

Menthol

Men"thol (?), n. [Mentha + -ol.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, aromatic substance resembling camphor, extracted from oil of peppermint (Mentha); -- called also mint camphor or peppermint camphor.

Menthyl

Men"thyl (?), n. [Mentha + -yl.] (Chem.) A compound radical forming the base of menthol.

Menticultural

Men`ti*cul"tur*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to mental culture; serving to improve or strengthen the mind. [R.]

Mention

Men"tion (?), n. [OE. mencioun, F. mention, L. mentio, from the root of meminisse to remember. See Mind.] A speaking or notice of anything, -- usually in a brief or cursory manner. Used especially in the phrase to make mention of.
I will make mention of thy righteousness. Ps. lxxi. 16.
And sleep in dull, cold marble, where no mention Of me more must be heard of. Shak.

Page 913

Mention

Men"tion (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mentioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mentioning.] [Cf. F. mentionner.] To make mention of; to speak briefly of; to name.
I will mention the loving-kindnesses of the Lord. Is. lxiii. 7.

Mentionable

Men"tion*a*ble (?), a. Fit to be mentioned.

Mentomeckelian

Men`to*meck*e"li*an (?), a. [1st mental + Meckelian.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the chin and lower jaw. -- n. The bone or cartilage forming the anterior extremity of the lower jaw in some adult animals and the young of others.

Mentor

Men"tor (?), n. [From Mentor, the counselor of Telemachus, Gr. Monitor.] A wise and faithful counselor or monitor.

Mentorial

Men*to"ri*al (?), a. [From Mentor.] Containing advice or admonition.

Mentum

Men"tum (?), n. [L., chin.] (Zo\'94l.) The front median plate of the labium in insects. See Labium.

Menu

Me*nu" (?), n. [F., slender, thin, minute. See 4th Minute.] The details of a banquet; a bill of fare.

Menuse

Me"nuse (?), v. i. See Amenuse. [Obs.]

Meow

Me*ow" (?), v. i. & n. See 6th and 7th Mew.

Mephistophelian

Meph`is*to*phe"li*an (? ∨ ?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, the devil Mephistopheles, "a crafty, scoffing, relentless fiend;" devilish; crafty.

Mephitic, Mephitical

Me*phit"ic (?), Me*phit"ic*al (?), a. [L. mephiticus, fr. mephitis mephitis: cf. F. m\'82phitique.]

1. Tending to destroy life; poisonous; noxious; as, mephitic exhalations; mephitic regions.

2. Offensive to the smell; as, mephitic odors. Mephitic air (Chem.), carbon dioxide; -- so called because of its deadly suffocating power. See Carbonic acid, under Carbonic.

Mephitis

Me*phi"tis (?), n. [L. mephitis : cf. F. m\'82phitis.]

1. Noxious, pestilential, or foul exhalations from decomposing substances, filth, or other source.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of mammals, including the skunks.

Mephitism

Meph"i*tism (?), n. Same as Mephitis, 1.

Meracious

Me*ra"cious (?), a. [L. meracus, fr. merus pure, inmixed.] Being without mixture or adulteration; hence, strong; racy. [Obs.]

Mercable

Mer"ca*ble (?), a. [L. mercabilis, fr. mercari to trade, traffic, buy. See Merchant.] Capable of being bought or sold. [Obs.]

Mercantile

Mer"can*tile (?; 277), a. [F. mercantile, It. mercantile, fr. L. mercans, -antis, p. pr. of mercari to traffic. See Merchant.] Of or pertaining to merchants, or the business of merchants; having to do with trade, or the buying and selling of commodities; commercial.
The expedition of the Argonauts was partly mercantile, partly military. Arbuthnot.
Mercantile agency, an agency for procuring information of the standing and credit of merchants in different parts of the country, for the use of dealers who sell to them. -- Mercantile marine, the persons and vessels employed in commerce, taken collectively. -- Mercantile paper, the notes or acceptances given by merchants for goods bought, or received on consignment; drafts on merchants for goods sold or consigned. McElrath. Syn. -- Mercantile, Commercial. Commercial is the wider term, being sometimes used to embrace mercantile. In their stricter use, commercial relates to the shipping, freighting, forwarding, and other business connected with the commerce of a country (whether external or internal), that is, the exchange of commodities; while mercantile applies to the sale of merchandise and goods when brought to market. As the two employments are to some extent intermingled, the two words are often interchanged.

Mercaptal

Mer*cap"tal (?), n. [Mercaptan + aldehyde.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of compounds of mercaptans with aldehydes.

Mercaptan

Mer*cap"tan (?), n. [F., fr. NL. mercurius mercury + L. captans, p. pr. of captare to seize, v. intens. fr. capere.] (Chem.) Any one of series of compounds, hydrosulphides of alcohol radicals, in composition resembling the alcohols, but containing sulphur in place of oxygen, and hence called also the sulphur alcohols. In general, they are colorless liquids having a strong, repulsive, garlic odor. The name is specifically applied to ethyl mercaptan, C2H5SH. So called from its avidity for mercury, and other metals.

Mercaptide

Mer*cap"tide (? ∨ ?), n. (Chem.) A compound of mercaptan formed by replacing its sulphur hydrogen by a metal; as, potassium mercaptide, C2H5SK.

Mercat

Mer"cat (?), n. [L. mercatus : cf. It. mercato. See Market.] Market; trade. [Obs.] Bp. Sprat.

Mercatante

Mer`ca*tan"te (?; It. ?), n. [It. See Merchant.] A foreign trader. [Obs.] Shak.

Mercator's chart

Mer*ca"tor's chart" (?). See under Chart, and see Mercator's projection, under Projection.

Mercature

Mer"ca*ture (?; 135), n. [L. mercatura commerce.] Commerce; traffic; trade. [Obs.]

Merce

Merce (?), v. t. [See Amerce.] To subject to fine or amercement; to mulct; to amerce. [Obs.]

Mercenaria

Mer`ce*na"ri*a (?), n. [NL. See Mercenary.] (Zo\'94l.) The quahog.

Mercenarian

Mer`ce*na"ri*an (-an), n. A mercenary. [Obs.]

Mercenarily

Mer"ce*na`ri*ly (?), adv. In a mercenary manner.

Mercenariness

Mer"ce*na*ri*ness, n. The quality or state of being mercenary; venality. Boyle.

Mercenary

Mer"ce*na*ry (?), a. [OE. mercenarie, F. mercenaire, fr. L. mercenarius, fr. merces wages, reward. See Mercy.]

1. Acting for reward; serving for pay; paid; hired; hireling; venal; as, mercenary soldiers.

2. Hence: Moved by considerations of pay or profit; greedy of gain; sordid; selfish. Shak.

For God forbid I should my papers blot With mercenary lines, with servile pen. Daniel.
Syn. -- See Venal.

Mercenary

Mer"ce*na*ry (?), n.; pl. Mercenaries (. One who is hired; a hireling; especially, a soldier hired into foreign service. Milman.

Mercer

Mer"cer (?), n. [F. mercier, fr. L. merx, mercis, wares, merchandise. See Merchant.] Originally, a dealer in any kind of goods or wares; now restricted to a dealer in textile fabrics, as silks or woolens. [Eng.]

Mercership

Mer"cer*ship, n. The business of a mercer.

Mercery

Mer"cer*y (?), n. [F. mercerie.] The trade of mercers; the goods in which a mercer deals.

Merchand

Mer"chand (?), v. i. [F. marchander. See Merchant.] To traffic. [Obs.] Bacon.

Merchandisable

Mer"chan*di`sa*ble (?), a. Such as can be used or transferred as merchandise.

Merchandise

Mer"chan*dise (?), n. [F. marchandise, OF. marcheandise.]

1. The objects of commerce; whatever is usually bought or sold in trade, or market, or by merchants; wares; goods; commodities. Spenser.

2. The act or business of trading; trade; traffic.

Merchandise

Mer"chan*dise, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Merchandised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Merchandising (?).] To trade; to carry on commerce. Bacon.

Merchandise

Mer"chan*dise, v. t. To make merchandise of; to buy and sell. "Love is merchandised." Shak.

Merchandiser

Mer"chan*di`ser (?), n. A trader. Bunyan.

Merchandry

Mer"chand*ry (?), n. [See Merchant.] Trade; commerce. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.

Merchant

Mer"chant (?), n. [OE. marchant, OF. marcheant, F. marchand, fr. LL. mercatans, -antis, p. pr. of mercatare to negotiate, L. mercari to traffic, fr. merx, mercis, wares. See Market, Merit, and cf. Commerce.]

1. One who traffics on a large scale, especially with foreign countries; a trafficker; a trader.

Others, like merchants, venture trade abroad. Shak.

2. A trading vessel; a merchantman. [Obs.] Shak.

3. One who keeps a store or shop for the sale of goods; a shopkeeper. [U. S. & Scot.]

Merchant

Mer"chant, a. Of, pertaining to, or employed in, trade or merchandise; as, the merchant service. Merchant bar, Merchant iron ∨ steel, certain common sizes of wrought iron and steel bars. -- Merchant service, the mercantile marine of a country. Am. Cyc. -- Merchant ship, a ship employed in commerce. -- Merchant tailor, a tailor who keeps and sells materials for the garments which he makes.

Merchant

Mer"chant, v. i. To be a merchant; to trade. [Obs.]

Merchantable

Mer"chant*a*ble (?), a. Fit for market; such as is usually sold in market, or such as will bring the ordinary price; as, merchantable wheat; sometimes, a technical designation for a particular kind or class.

Merchantly

Mer"chant*ly, a. Merchantlike; suitable to the character or business of a merchant. [Obs.] Gauden.

Merchantman

Mer"chant*man (?), n.; pl. Merchantmen (.

1. A merchant. [Obs.] Matt. xiii. 45.

2. A trading vessel; a ship employed in the transportation of goods, as, distinguished from a man-of-war.

Merchantry

Mer"chant*ry (?), n.

1. The body of merchants taken collectively; as, the merchantry of a country.

2. The business of a merchant; merchandise. Walpole.

Merciable

Mer"ci*a*ble (?), a. [OF.] Merciful. [Obs.]

Merciful

Mer"ci*ful (?), a. [Mercy + -ful.]

1. Full of mercy; having or exercising mercy; disposed to pity and spare offenders; unwilling to punish.

The Lord, the Lord God, merciful and gracious. Ex. xxxiv. 6.
Be merciful, great duke, to men of mold. Shak.

2. Unwilling to give pain; compassionate.

A merciful man will be merciful to his beast. Old Proverb.
Syn. -- Compassionate; tender; humane; gracious; kind; mild; clement; benignant. -- Mer"ci*ful*ly, adv. -- Mer"ci*ful*ness, n.

Mercify

Mer"ci*fy (?), v. t. To pity. [Obs.] Spenser.

Merciless

Mer"ci*less, a. Destitute of mercy; cruel; unsparing; -- said of animate beings, and also, figuratively, of things; as, a merciless tyrant; merciless waves.
The foe is merciless, and will not pity. Shak.
Syn. -- Cruel; unmerciful; remorseless; ruthless; pitiless; barbarous; savage. -- Mer"ci*less*ly, adv. -- Mer"ci*less*ness, n.

Mercurammonium

Mer`cur*am*mo"ni*um (?), n. [Mercuric + ammonium.] (Chem.) A radical regarded as derived from ammonium by the substitution of mercury for a portion of the hydrogen.

Mercurial

Mer*cu"ri*al (?), a. [L. mercurialis, fr. Mercurius Mercury: cf. F. mercuriel.]

1. Having the qualities fabled to belong to the god Mercury; swift; active; sprightly; fickle; volatile; changeable; as, a mercurial youth; a mercurial temperament.

A mercurial man Who fluttered over all things like a fan. Byron.

2. Having the form or image of Mercury; -- applied to ancient guideposts. [Obs.] Chillingworth.

3. Of or pertaining to Mercury as the god of trade; hence, money-making; crafty.

The mercurial wand of commerce. J. Q. Adams.

4. Of or pertaining to, or containing, mercury; as, mercurial preparations, barometer. See Mercury, 2.

5. (Med.) Caused by the use of mercury; as, mercurial sore mouth.

Mercurial

Mer*cu"ri*al, n.

1. A person having mercurial qualities. Bacon.

2. (Med.) A preparation containing mercury.

Mercurialist

Mer*cu"ri*al*ist, n.

1. One under the influence of Mercury; one resembling Mercury in character.

2. (Med.) A physician who uses much mercury, in any of its forms, in his practice.

Mercurialize

Mer*cu"ri*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mercurialized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mercurializing (?).]

1. (Med.) To affect with mercury.

2. (Photography) To treat with mercury; to expose to the vapor of mercury.

Mercurialize

Mer*cu"ri*al*ize, v. i. To be sprightly, fantastic, or capricious. [Obs.]

Mercurially

Mer*cu"ri*al*ly, adv. In a mercurial manner.

Mercuric

Mer*cu"ric (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, mercury; containing mercury; -- said of those compounds of mercury into which this element enters in its lowest proportion. Mercuric chloride, corrosive sublimate. See Corrosive.

Mercurification

Mer*cu`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. mercurification. See Mercurify.]

1. (Metal.) The process or operation of obtaining the mercury, in its fluid form, from mercuric minerals.

2. (Chem.) The act or process of compounding, or the state of being compounded, with mercury. [R.]

Mercurify

Mer*cu"ri*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mercurified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mercurifying (?).] [Mercury + -fy.]

1. To obtain mercury from, as mercuric minerals, which may be done by any application of intense heat that expels the mercury in fumes, which are afterward condensed. [R.]

2. To combine or mingle mercury with; to impregnate with mercury; to mercurialize. [R.]

Mercurism

Mer"cu*rism (?), n. A communication of news; an announcement. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Mercurous

Mer*cu"rous (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, mercury; containing mercury; -- said of those compounds of mercury in which it is present in its highest proportion. Mercurous chloride. (Chem.) See Calomel.

Mercury

Mer"cu*ry (?), n. [L. Mercurius; akin to merx wares.]

1. (Rom. Myth.) A Latin god of commerce and gain; -- treated by the poets as identical with the Greek Hermes, messenger of the gods, conductor of souls to the lower world, and god of eloquence.

2. (Chem.) A metallic element mostly obtained by reduction from cinnabar, one of its ores. It is a heavy, opaque, glistening liquid (commonly called quicksilver), and is used in barometers, thermometers, ect. Specific gravity 13.6. Symbol Hg (Hydrargyrum). Atomic weight 199.8. Mercury has a molecule which consists of only one atom. It was named by the alchemists after the god Mercury, and designated by his symbol, &mercury;. &hand; Mercury forms alloys, called amalgams, with many metals, and is thus used in applying tin foil to the backs of mirrors, and in extracting gold and silver from their ores. It is poisonous, and is used in medicine in the free state as in blue pill, and in its compounds as calomel, corrosive sublimate, etc. It is the only metal which is liquid at ordinary temperatures, and it solidifies at about -39° Centigrade to a soft, malleable, ductile metal.

3. (Astron.) One of the planets of the solar system, being the one nearest the sun, from which its mean distance is about 36,000,000 miles. Its period is 88 days, and its diameter 3,000 miles.

4. A carrier of tidings; a newsboy; a messenger; hence, also, a newspaper. Sir J. Stephen. "The monthly Mercuries." Macaulay.

5. Sprightly or mercurial quality; spirit; mutability; fickleness. [Obs.]

He was so full of mercury that he could not fix long in any friendship, or to any design. Bp. Burnet.

6. (Bot.) A plant (Mercurialis annua), of the Spurge family, the leaves of which are sometimes used for spinach, in Europe. &hand; The name is also applied, in the United States, to certain climbing plants, some of which are poisonous to the skin, esp. to the Rhus Toxicodendron, or poison ivy. Dog's mercury (Bot.), Mercurialis perennis, a perennial plant differing from M. annua by having the leaves sessile. -- English mercury (Bot.), a kind of goosefoot formerly used as a pot herb; -- called Good King Henry. -- Horn mercury (Min.), a mineral chloride of mercury, having a semitranslucent, hornlike appearance.

Mercury

Mer"cu*ry, v. t. To wash with a preparation of mercury. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Mercy

Mer"cy (?), n.; pl. Mercies (#). [OE. merci, F. merci, L. merces, mercedis, hire, pay, reward, LL., equiv. to misericordia pity, mercy. L. merces is probmerere to deserve, acquire. See Merit, and cf. Amerce.]

1. Forbearance to inflict harm under circumstances of provocation, when one has the power to inflict it; compassionate treatment of an offender or adversary; clemency.

Examples of justice must be made for terror to some; examples of mercy for comfort to others. Bacon.

2. Compassionate treatment of the unfortunate and helpless; sometimes, favor, beneficence. Luke x. 37.

3. Disposition to exercise compassion or favor; pity; compassion; willingness to spare or to help.

In whom mercy lacketh and is not founden. Sir T. Elyot.

4. A blessing regarded as a manifestation of compassion or favor.

The Father of mercies and the God of all comfort. 2 Cor. i. 3.
Mercy seat (Bib.), the golden cover or lid of the Ark of the Covenant. See Ark, 2. -- Sisters of Mercy (R. C. Ch.),a religious order founded in Dublin in the year 1827. Communities of the same name have since been established in various American cities. The duties of those belonging to the order are, to attend lying-in hospitals, to superintend the education of girls, and protect decent women out of employment, to visit prisoners and the sick, and to attend persons condemned to death. -- To be at the mercy of, to be wholly in the power of. Syn. -- See Grace.

Merd

Merd (?), n. [F. merde, L. merda.] Ordure; dung. [Obs.] Burton.

-mere

-mere (?). [Gr. A combining form meaning part, portion; as, blastomere, epimere.

Mere

Mere (?), n. [Written also mar.] [OE. mere, AS. mere mere, sea; akin to D. meer lake, OS. meri sea, OHG. meri, mari, G. meer, Icel. marr, Goth. marei, Russ. more, W. mor, Ir. & Gael. muir, L. mare, and perh. to L. mori to die, and meaning originally, that which is dead, a waste. Cf. Mortal, Marine, Marsh, Mermaid, Moor.] A pool or lake. Drayton. Tennyson.

Mere

Mere, n. [Written also meer and mear.] [AS. gem&aemac;re. &root;269.] A boundary. Bacon.
Page 914

Mere

Mere (?), v. t. To divide, limit, or bound. [Obs.]
Which meared her rule with Africa. Spenser.

Mere

Mere, n. A mare. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mere

Mere (?), a. [Superl. Merest. The comparative is rarely or never used.] [L. merus.]

1. Unmixed; pure; entire; absolute; unqualified.

Then entered they the mere, main sea. Chapman.
The sorrows of this world would be mere and unmixed. Jer. Taylor.

2. Only this, and nothing else; such, and no more; simple; bare; as, a mere boy; a mere form.

From mere success nothing can be concluded in favor of any nation. Atterbury.

Merely

Mere"ly, adv.

1. Purely; unmixedly; absolutely.

Ulysses was to force forth his access, Though merely naked. Chapman.

2. Not otherwise than; simply; barely; only.

Prize not your life for other ends Than merely to obige your friends. Swift.
Syn. -- Solely; simply; purely; barely; scarcely.

Merenchyma

Me*ren"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -enchyma, as in parenchyma.] (Bot.) Tissue composed of spheroidal cells.

Meresman

Meres"man (?), n. An officer who ascertains meres or boundaries. [Eng.]

Merestead

Mere"stead (?), n. [Mere boundary + stead place.] The land within the boundaries of a farm; a farmstead or farm. [Archaic.] Longfellow.

Merestone

Mere"stone` (?), n. A stone designating a limit or boundary; a landmark. Bacon.

Meretricious

Mer`e*tri"cious (?), a. [L. meretricius, from meretrix, -icis, a prostitute, lit., one who earns money, i. e., by prostitution, fr. merere to earn, gain. See Merit.]

1. Of or pertaining to prostitutes; having to do with harlots; lustful; as, meretricious traffic.

2. Resembling the arts of a harlot; alluring by false show; gaudily and deceitfully ornamental; tawdry; as, meretricious dress or ornaments. -- Mer`e*tri"cious*ly, adv. -- Mer`e*tri"cious*ness, n.

Merganser

Mer*gan"ser (?), n. [Sp. merg\'a0nsar, fr. mergo a diver (L. mergus, fr. mergere to dip, dive) + \'a0nsar goose, L. anser.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bird of the genus Merganser, and allied genera. They are allied to the ducks, but have a sharply serrated bill. &hand; The red-breasted merganser (Merganser serrator) inhabits both hemispheres. It is called also sawbill, harle, and sheldrake. The American merganser (M. Americanus.) and the hooded merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus) are well-known species. -- White merganser, the smew or white nun.

Merge

Merge (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Merged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Merging (?).] [L. mergere, mersum. Cf. Emerge, Immerse, Marrow.] To cause to be swallowed up; to immerse; to sink; to absorb.
To merge all natural ... sentiment in inordinate vanity. Burke.
Whig and Tory were merged and swallowed up in the transcendent duties of patriots. De Quincey.

Merge

Merge, v. i. To be sunk, swallowed up, or lost.
Native irresolution had merged in stronger motives. I. Taylor.

Merger

Mer"ger (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, merges.

2. (Law) An absorption of one estate, or one contract, in another, or of a minor offense in a greater.

Mericarp

Mer"i*carp (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) One carpel of an umbelliferous fruit. See Cremocarp.

Meride

Mer"ide (? ∨ ?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) A permanent colony of cells or plastids which may remain isolated, like Rotifer, or may multiply by gemmation to form higher aggregates, termed zoides. Perrier.

Meridian

Me*rid"i*an (?), a. [F. m\'82ridien, L. meridianus pertaining to noon, fr. meridies noon, midday, for older medidies; medius mid, middle + dies day. See Mid, and Diurnal.]

1. Being at, or pertaining to, midday; belonging to, or passing through, the highest point attained by the sun in his diurnal course. "Meridian hour." Milton.

Tables ... to find the altitude meridian. Chaucer.

2. Pertaining to the highest point or culmination; as, meridian splendor.

Meridian

Me*rid"i*an, n. [F. m\'82ridien. See Meridian, a.]

1. Midday; noon.

2. Hence: The highest point, as of success, prosperity, or the like; culmination.

I have touched the highest point of all my greatness, And from that full meridian of my glory I haste now to my setting. Shak.

3. (Astron.) A great circle of the sphere passing through the poles of the heavens and the zenith of a given place. It is crossed by the sun at midday.

4. (Geog.) A great circle on the surface of the earth, passing through the poles and any given place; also, the half of such a circle included between the poles. &hand; The planes of the geographical and astronomical meridians coincide. Meridians, on a map or globe, are lines drawn at certain intervals due north and south, or in the direction of the poles. Calculated for, ∨ fitted to, ∨ adapted to, the meridian of, suited to the local circumstances, capabilities, or special requirements of.

All other knowledge merely serves the concerns of this life, and is fitted to the meridian thereof. Sir M. Hale.
-- First meridian, the meridian from which longitudes are reckoned. The meridian of Greenwich is the one commonly employed in calculations of longitude by geographers, and in actual practice, although in various countries other and different meridians, chiefly those which pass through the capitals of the countries, are occasionally used; as, in France, the meridian of Paris; in the United States, the meridian of Washington, etc. -- Guide meridian (Public Land Survey), a line, marked by monuments, running North and South through a section of country between other more carefully established meridians called principal meridians, used for reference in surveying. [U.S.] -- Magnetic meridian, a great circle, passing through the zenith and coinciding in direction with the magnetic needle, or a line on the earth's surface having the same direction. -- Meridian circle (Astron.), an instrument consisting of a telescope attached to a large graduated circle and so mounted that the telescope revolves like the transit instrument in a meridian plane. By it the right ascension and the declination of a star may be measured in a single observation. -- Meridian instrument (Astron.), any astronomical instrument having a telescope that rotates in a meridian plane. -- Meridian of a globe, ∨ Brass meridian, a graduated circular ring of brass, in which the artificial globe is suspended and revolves.

Meridional

Me*rid"i*o*nal (?), a. [F. m\'82ridional, L. meridionalis, fr. meridies midday. See Meridian.]

1. Of or pertaining to the meridian.

2. Having a southern aspect; southern; southerly.

Offices that require heat ... should be meridional. Sir H. Wotton.
Meridional distance, the distance or departure from the meridian; the easting or westing. -- Meridional parts, parts of the meridian in Mercator's projection, corresponding to each minute of latitude from the equator up to 70 or 80 degrees; tabulated numbers representing these parts used in projecting charts, and in solving cases in Mercator's sailing.

Meridionality

Me*rid`i*o*nal"i*ty (?), n.

1. The state of being in the meridian.

2. Position in the south; aspect toward the south.

Meridionally

Me*rid"i*o*nal*ly (?), adv. In the direction of the meridian.

Merils

Mer"ils (?), n. [F. m\'82relle, marelle, marelles, LL. marella, marrella. Cf. Morris the game.] A boy's play, called also fivepenny morris. See Morris.

Meringue

Me`ringue" (F. ?; E. ?), n. [F.] A delicate pastry made of powdered sugar and the whites of eggs whipped up, -- with jam or cream added.

Merino

Me*ri"no (?), a. [Sp. merino moving from pasture to pasture, fr. merino a royal judge and superintendent or inspector of sheep walks, LL. merinus, fr. majorinus, i. e., major villmajor greater. See Major. Merino sheep are driven at certain seasons from one part of Spain to another, in large flocks, for pasturage.]

1. Of or pertaining to a variety of sheep with very fine wool, originally bred in Spain.

2. Made of the wool of the merino sheep.

Merino

Me*ri"no, n.; pl. Merinos (#). [Sp.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A breed of sheep originally from Spain, noted for the fineness of its wool.

2. A fine fabric of merino wool.

Merismatic

Mer`is*mat"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Dividing into cells or segments; characterized by separation into two or more parts or sections by the formation of internal partitions; as, merismatic growth, where one cell divides into many.

Meristem

Mer"i*stem (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) A tissue of growing cells, or cells capable of further division.

Merit

Mer"it (?), n. [F. m\'82rite, L. meritum, fr. merere, mereri, to deserve, merit; prob. originally, to get a share; akin to Gr. Market, Merchant, Mercer, Mercy.]

1. The quality or state of deserving well or ill; desert.

Here may men see how sin hath his merit. Chaucer.
Be it known, that we, the greatest, are misthought For things that others do; and when we fall, We answer other's merits in our name. Shak.

2. Esp. in a good sense: The quality or state of deserving well; worth; excellence.

Reputation is ... oft got without merit, and lost without deserving. Shak.
To him the wit of Greece and Rome was known, And every author's merit, but his own. Pope.

3. Reward deserved; any mark or token of excellence or approbation; as, his teacher gave him ten merits.

Those laurel groves, the merits of thy youth. Prior.

Merit

Mer"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Merited; p. pr. & vb. n. Meriting.] [F. m\'82riter, L. meritare, v. intens. fr. merere. See Merit, n.]

1. To earn by service or performance; to have a right to claim as reward; to deserve; sometimes, to deserve in a bad sense; as, to merit punishment. "This kindness merits thanks." Shak.

2. To reward. [R. & Obs.] Chapman.

Merit

Mer"it, v. i. To acquire desert; to gain value; to receive benefit; to profit. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Meritable

Mer"it*a*ble (?), a. Deserving of reward. [R.]

Meritedly

Mer"it*ed*ly, adv. By merit; deservedly.

Merithal, Merithallus

Mer"i*thal (?), Mer`i*thal"lus (?), n. [NL. merithallus, fr. Gr. or (Bot.) Same as Internode.

Meritmonger

Mer"it*mon`ger (?), n. One who depends on merit for salvation. [Obs.] Milner.

Meritorious

Mer`i*to"ri*ous (?), a. [L. meritorius that brings in money.] Possessing merit; deserving of reward or honor; worthy of recompense; valuable.
And meritorious shall that hand be called, Canonized, and worshiped as a saint. Shak.
-- Mer`i*to"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Mer`i*to"ri*ous*ness, n.

Meritory

Mer"i*to*ry (?), a. Meritorious. [Obs.]

Meritot

Mer"i*tot (?), n. A play of children, in swinging on ropes, or the like, till they are dizzy.

Merk

Merk (?), n. [See Marc.] An old Scotch silver coin; a mark or marc. [Scot.]

Merk

Merk, n. A mark; a sign. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Merke

Merke (?), a. Murky. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

Merkin

Mer"kin (?), n. Originally, a wig; afterwards, a mop for cleaning cannon.

Merl, Merle

Merl (?), Merle, n. [F. merle, L. merula, merulus. Cf. Ousel.] (Zo\'94l.) The European blackbird. See Blackbird. Drayton.

Merlin

Mer"lin (?), n. [OE. merlion, F. \'82merillon ; cf. OHG. smirl, G. schmerl ; prob. fr. L. merula blackbird. Cf. Merle.] (Zo\'94l.) A small European falcon (Falco lithofalco, or F. \'91salon).

Merling

Mer"ling (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European whiting.

Merlon

Mer"lon (?), n. [F., perh. fr. L. moerus, for murus a wall, through (assumed) dim. moerulus.] (Fort.) One of the solid parts of a battlemented parapet; a battlement. See Illust. of Battlement.

Merluce

Mer"luce (?), n. [F. merluche, merlus.] (Zo\'94l.) The European hake; -- called also herring hake and sea pike.

Mermaid

Mer"maid (?), n. [AS. mere lake, sea. See Mere lake, and maid.] A fabled marine creature, typically represented as having the upper part like that of a woman, and the lower like a fish; a sea nymph, sea woman, or woman fish. &hand; Chaucer uses this word as equivalent to the siren of the ancients. Mermaid fish (Zo\'94l.) the angel fish (Squatina). -- Mermaid's glove (Zo\'94l.), a British branched sponge somewhat resembling a glove. -- Mermaid's head (Zo\'94l.), a European spatangoid sea urchin (Echinocardium cordatum) having some resemblance to a skull. -- Mermaid weed (Bot.), an aquatic herb with dentate or pectinate leaves (Proserpinaca palustris and P. pectinacea).

Merman

Mer"man (?), n.; pl. Mermen (. The male corresponding to mermaid; a sea man, or man fish.

Meroblast

Mer"o*blast (?), n. [Gr. -blast.] (Biol.) An ovum, as that of a mammal, only partially composed of germinal matter, that is, consisting of both a germinal portion and an albuminous or nutritive one; -- opposed to holoblast.

Meroblastic

Mer`o*blas"tic (?), a. (Biol.) Consisting only in part of germinal matter; characterized by partial segmentation only; as, meroblastic ova, in which a portion of the yolk only undergoes fission; meroblastic segmentation; -- opposed to holoblastic.

Merocele

Me"ro*cele (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Hernia in the thigh; femoral hernia .

Meroistic

Mer`o*is"tic (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Applied to the ovaries of insects when they secrete vitelligenous cells, as well as ova.

Meropidan

Me*rop"i*dan (?), n. [L. merops a bee-eating bird, Gr. me`rops.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a family of birds (Meropid\'91), including the bee-eaters.

Meropodite

Me*rop"o*dite (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The fourth joint of a typical appendage of Crustacea.

Merorganization

Mer*or`gan*i*za"tion (?), n. [Gr. organization.] Organization in part. [R.]

Meros

Me"ros (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Arch.) The plain surface between the channels of a triglyph. [Written also merus.] Weale.

Meros

Me"ros, n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The proximal segment of the hind limb; the thigh.

Merosome

Mer"o*some (?), n. [Gr. -some body.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the serial segments, or metameres, of which the bodies of vertebrate and articulate animals are composed.

Merostomata

Mer`o*stom"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A class of Arthropoda, allied to the Crustacea. It includes the trilobites, Eurypteroidea, and Limuloidea. All are extinct except the horseshoe crabs of the last group. See Limulus.

M\'82rou

M\'82`rou" (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) See Jack, 8 (c).

Merovingian

Mer`o*vin"gi*an (?), a. [From Merovaeus, the Latin name of a king of the Franks.] Of or pertaining to the first Frankish dynasty in Gaul or France. -- n. One of the kings of this dynasty.

Merrily

Mer"ri*ly (?), adv. [From Merry.] In a merry manner; with mirth; with gayety and laughter; jovially. See Mirth, and Merry.
Merrily sing, and sport, and play. Granville.

Merrimake

Mer"ri*make` (?), n. See Merrymake, n.

Merrimake

Mer"ri*make`, v. i. See Merrymake, v. Gay.

Merriment

Mer"ri*ment (?), n. Gayety, with laughter; mirth; frolic. "Follies and light merriment." Spenser.
Methought it was the sound Of riot and ill-managed merriment. Milton.

Merriness

Mer"ri*ness, n. The quality or state of being merry; merriment; mirth; gayety, with laughter.

Merry

Mer"ry (?), a. [Compar. Merrier (?); superl. Merriest.] [OE. merie, mirie, murie, merry, pleasant, AS. merge, myrige, pleasant; cf. murge, adv.; prob. akin to OHG. murg, short, Goth. gama\'a3rgjan to shorten; cf. L. murcus a coward, who cuts off his thumb to escape military service; the Anglo-Saxon and English meanings coming from the idea of making the time seem short. Cf. Mirth.]

1. Laughingly gay; overflowing with good humor and good spirits; jovial; inclined to laughter or play ; sportive.

They drank, and were merry with him. Gen. xliii. 34.
I am never merry when I hear sweet music. Shak.

Page 915

2. Cheerful; joyous; not sad; happy.

3. Causing laughter, mirth, gladness, or delight; as, merry jest. "Merry wind and weather." Spenser. Merry dancers. See under Dancer. -- Merry men, followers; retainers. [Obs.]

His merie men commanded he To make him bothe game and glee. Chaucer.
-- To make merry, to be jovial; to indulge in hilarity; to feast with mirth. Judg. ix. 27. Syn. -- Cheerful; blithe; lively; sprightly; vivacious; gleeful; joyous; mirthful; jocund; sportive; hilarious.

Merry

Mer"ry (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of wild red cherry.

Merry-andrew

Mer"ry-an"drew (?), n. One whose business is to make sport for others; a buffoon; a zany; especially, one who attends a mountebank or quack doctor. &hand; This term is said to have originated from one Andrew Borde, an English physician of the 16th century, who gained patients by facetious speeches to the multitude.

Merry-go-round

Mer"ry-go`-round" (?), n. Any revolving contrivance for affording amusement; esp., a ring of flying hobbyhorses.

Merrymake

Mer"ry*make` (?), n. Mirth; frolic; a meeting for mirth; a festival. [Written also merrimake.]

Merrymake

Mer"ry*make`, v. i. To make merry; to be jolly; to feast. [Written also merrimake.]

Merrymaker

Mer"ry*mak`er (?), n. One who makes merriment or indulges in conviviality; a jovial comrade.

Merrymaking

Mer"ry*mak`ing (?), a. Making or producing mirth; convivial; jolly.

Merrymaking

Mer"ry*mak`ing, n. The act of making merry; conviviality; merriment; jollity. Wordsworth.

Merrymeeting

Mer"ry*meet`ing (?), n. A meeting for mirth.

Merrythought

Mer"ry*thought` (?), n. The forked bone of a fowl's breast; -- called also wishbone. See Furculum. &hand; It is a sportive custom for two persons to break this bone by pulling the ends apart to see who will get the longer piece, the securing of which is regarded as a lucky omen, signifying that the person holding it will obtain the gratification of some secret wish.

Mersion

Mer"sion (?), n. [L. mersio. See Merge.] Immersion [R.] Barrow.

Merulidan

Me*ru"li*dan (?), n. [L. merula, merulus, blackbird. See Merle.] (Zo\'94l.) A bird of the Thrush family.

Merus

Me"rus (?), n. [NL.] (Arch.) See Meros.

Mervaille

Mer"vaille` (?), n. Marvel. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mes-

Mes- (?). See Meso-.

Mesa

Me"sa (?), [Sp.] A high tableland; a plateau on a hill. [Southwestern U.S.] Bartlett.

Mesaconate

Mes*ac"o*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of mesaconic acid.

Mesaconic

Mes`a*con"ic (?), a. [Mes- + -aconic, as in citraconic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, one of several isomeric acids obtained from citric acid.

Mesad

Mes"ad (?), adv. Same as Mesiad.

Mesal

Mes"al (?), a. Same as Mesial.

M\'82salliance

M\'82`sal`li`ance" (?), n. [F.] A marriage with a person of inferior social position; a misalliance.

Mesally

Mes"al*ly (?), adv. Same as Mesially.

Mesam Mes`a*m (?), n. [Mes- + am.] (Biol.) One of a class of independent, isolated cells found in the mesoderm, while the germ layers are undergoing differentiation.

Mesaraic

Mes`a*ra"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Mesenteric.

Mesaticephalic

Mes`a*ti*ce*phal"ic (?), a. [Gr. midmost + E. cephalic.] (Anat.) Having the ratio of the length to the breadth of the cranium a medium one; neither brachycephalic nor dolichocephalic.

Mesaticephalous

Mes`a*ti*ceph"a*lous (?), a. (Anat.) Mesaticephalic.

Mescal

Mes*cal" (?), n. [Sp.] A distilled liquor prepared in Mexico from a species of agave. See Agave.

Mesdames

Mes`dames" (F. ?, E. ?), n., pl. of Madame and Madam.

Meseems

Me*seems" (?), v. impers. [imp. Meseemed (?).] It seems to me. [Poetic]

Mesel

Me"sel (?), n. [See Measle.] A leper. [Obs.]

Meselry

Me"sel*ry (?), n. Leprosy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mesembryanthemum

Me*sem`bry*an"the*mum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of herbaceous or suffruticose plants, chiefly natives of South Africa. The leaves are opposite, thick, and f

Mesencephalic

Mes`en*ce*phal"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mesencephalon or midbrain.

Mesencephalon

Mes`en*ceph"a*lon (?), n. [NL. See Meso- and Encephalon.] (Anat.) The middle segment of the brain; the midbrain. Sometimes abbreviated to mesen. See Brain.

Mesenchyma

Mes*en"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -enchyma, as in E. parenchyma.] (Biol.) The part of the mesoblast which gives rise to the connective tissues and blood.

Mesenteric

Mes`en*ter"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82sent\'82rique.] (Anat.) Pertaining to a mesentery; mesaraic.

Mesenteron

Mes*en"te*ron (?), n. [NL. See Meso-, and Enteron.] (Anat.) All that part of the alimentary canal which is developed from the primitive enteron and is lined with hypoblast. It is distinguished from the stomod, a part at the anterior end of the canal, including the cavity of the mouth, and the proctod, a part at the posterior end, which are formed by invagination and are lined with epiblast.

Mesentery

Mes"en*ter*y (?; 277), n. [Gr. m\'82sent\'8are.]

1. (Anat.) The membranes, or one of the membranes (consisting of a fold of the peritoneum and inclosed tissues), which connect the intestines and their appendages with the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity. The mesentery proper is connected with the jejunum and ilium, the other mesenteries being called mesoc, mesocolon, mesorectum, etc.

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the vertical muscular radiating partitions which divide the body cavity of Anthozoa into chambers.

Meseraic

Mes`e*ra"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Mesaraic.

Mesethmoid

Mes*eth"moid (?), a. [Mes- + ethmoid.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the middle of the ethmoid region or ethmoid bone. -- n. (Anat.) The median vertical plate, or median element, of the ethmoid bone.

Mesh

Mesh (?), n. [AS. masc, max, m; akin to D. maas, masche, OHG. masca, Icel. m\'94skvi; cf. Lith. mazgas a knot, megsti to weave nets, to knot.]

1. The opening or space inclosed by the threads of a net between knot and knot, or the threads inclosing such a space; network; a net.

A golden mesh to entrap the hearts of men. Shak.

2. (Gearing) The engagement of the teeth of wheels, or of a wheel and rack. Mesh stick, a stick on which the mesh is formed in netting.

Mesh

Mesh, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Meshed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Meshing.] To catch in a mesh. Surrey.

Mesh

Mesh, v. i. (Gearing) To engage with each other, as the teeth of wheels.

Meshed

Meshed (?), a. Mashed; brewed. [Obs.] Shak.

Meshy

Mesh"y (?), a. Formed with meshes; netted.

Mesiad

Mes"i*ad (?), adv. [Gr. ad to.] (Anat.) Toward, or on the side toward, the mesial plane; mesially; -- opposed to laterad.

Mesial

Me"sial (?; 277), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Middle; median; in, or in the region of, the mesial plane; internal; -- opposed to lateral. Mesial plane. (Anat.) See Meson.

Mesially

Me"sial*ly, adv. (Anat.) In, near, or toward, the mesial plane; mesiad.

Mesityl

Mes"i*tyl (?), n. (Chem.) A hypothetical radical formerly supposed to exist in mesityl oxide. Mesityl oxide (Chem.), a volatile liquid having the odor of peppermint, obtained by certain dehydrating agents from acetone; -- formerly called also dumasin.

Mesitylenate

Me*sit"y*le*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of mesitylenic acid.

Mesitylene

Me*sit"y*lene (?), n. (Chem.) A colorless, fragrant liquid, C6H3(CH3)3, of the benzene series of hydrocarbons, obtained by distilling acetone with sulphuric acid. -- Me*sit`y*len"ic (#), a.

Mesitylol

Me*sit"y*lol (?), n. [Mesitylene + -ol.] (Chem.) A crystalline substance obtained from mesitylene.

Meslin

Mes"lin (? ∨ ?), n. See Maslin.

Mesmeree

Mes`mer*ee" (?), n. A person subjected to mesmeric influence; one who is mesmerized. [R.]

Mesmeric, Mesmerical

Mes*mer"ic (?), Mes*mer"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. mesm\'82rique.] Of, pertaining to, or induced by, mesmerism; as, mesmeric sleep.

Mesmerism

Mes"mer*ism (?), n. [From Mesmer, who first brought it into notice at Vienna, about 1775: cf. F. mesm\'82risme.] The art of inducing an extraordinary or abnormal state of the nervous system, in which the actor claims to control the actions, and communicate directly with the mind, of the recipient. See Animal magnetism, under Magnetism.

Mesmerist

Mes"mer*ist, n. One who practices, or believes in, mesmerism.

Mesmerization

Mes`mer*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of mesmerizing; the state of being mesmerized.

Mesmerize

Mes"mer*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mesmerized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mesmerizing (?).] To bring into a state of mesmeric sleep.

Mesmerizer

Mes"mer*i`zer (?), n. One who mesmerizes.

Mesne

Mesne (?), a. [Cf. Mean intermediate.] (Law) Middle; intervening; as, a mesne lord, that is, a lord who holds land of a superior, but grants a part of it to another person, in which case he is a tenant to the superior, but lord or superior to the second grantee, and hence is called the mesne lord. Mesne process, intermediate process; process intervening between the beginning and end of a suit, sometimes understood to be the whole process preceding the execution. Blackstone. Burrill. -- Mesne profits, profits of premises during the time the owner has been wrongfully kept out of the possession of his estate. Burrill.

Meso-, Mes-

Mes"o- (?), Mes- (?). [Gr. A combining form denoting in the middle, intermediate; specif. (Chem.), denoting a type of hydrocarbons which are regarded as methenyl derivatives. Also used adjectively. <-- in Chem., now used differently, for optical isomers -->

Mesoarium

Mes`o*a"ri*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) The fold of peritoneum which suspends the ovary from the dorsal wall of the body cavity.<-- = now mesovarium. Entry under mesovarium is not cross-referenced to this entry. ??? -->

Mesoblast

Mes"o*blast (?), n. [Meso- + -blast.] (Biol.) (a) The mesoderm. (b) The cell nucleus; mesoplast.

Mesoblastic

Mes`o*blas"tic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to the mesoblast; as, the mesoblastic layer.

Mesobranchial

Mes`o*bran"chi*al (?), a. [Meso- + branchial.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a region of the carapace of a crab covering the middle branchial region.

Mesobronchium

Mes`o*bron"chi*um (?), n.; pl. Mesobronchia (#). [NL. See Meso-, and Bronchia.] (Anat.) The main bronchus of each lung.

Mesoc\'91cum

Mes`o*c\'91"cum (?), n. (Anat.) [NL. See Meso-, and C\'91cum.] The fold of peritoneum attached to the c\'91cum. -- Mes`o*c\'91"cal (#), a.

Mesocarp

Mes"o*carp (?), n. [Meso- + Gr. (Bot.) The middle layer of a pericarp which consists of three distinct or dissimilar layers. Gray.

Mesocephalic

Mes`o*ce*phal"ic (?), a. [Meso- + cephalic.] (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to, or in the region of, the middle of the head; as, the mesocephalic flexure. (b) Having the cranial cavity of medium capacity; neither megacephalic nor microcephalic. (c) Having the ratio of the length to the breadth of the cranium a medium one; mesaticephalic.

Mesocephalon

Mes`o*ceph"a*lon (?), n. [NL. See Meso-, and Cephalon.] (Anat.) The pons Varolii.

Mesocephalous

Mes`o*ceph"a*lous (?), a. (Anat.) Mesocephalic.

Mesoc\'d2le, Mesoc\'d2lia

Mes`o*c\'d2"le (?), Mes`o*c\'d2"li*a (?), n. [NL. mesocoelia. See Meso-, and C\'d2lia.] (Anat.) The cavity of the mesencephalon; the iter.

Mesocolon

Mes`o*co"lon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. m\'82soc\'93lon.] (Anat.) The fold of peritoneum, or mesentery, attached to the colon. -- Mes`o*col"ic (#), a.

Mesocoracoid

Mes`o*cor"a*coid (?), n. [Meso- + coracoid.] (Anat.) A process from the middle of the coracoid in some animals.

Mesocuneiform, Mesocuniform

Mes`o*cu*ne"i*form (?), Mes`o*cu"ni*form (?), n. [Meso- + cuneiform, cuniform.] (Anat.) One of the bones of the tarsus. See 2d Cuneiform.

Mesoderm

Mes"o*derm (?), n. [Meso- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The layer of the blastoderm, between the ectoderm and endoderm; mesoblast. See Illust. of Blastoderm and Ectoderm. (b) The middle body layer in some invertebrates. (c) The middle layer of tissue in some vegetable structures.

Mesodermal

Mes`o*der"mal (?), a. (Biol.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the mesoderm; as, mesodermal tissues.

Mesodermic

Mes`o*der"mic (?), a. Same as Mesodermal.

Mesodont

Mes"o*dont (?), a. [Meso- + Gr. (Anat.) Having teeth of moderate size.

Mesogaster

Mes`o*gas"ter (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The fold of peritoneum connecting the stomach with the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity; the mesogastrium.

Mesogastric

Mes`o*gas"tric (?), a. [Meso- + gastric.]

1. (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to the middle region of the abdomen, or of the stomach. (b) Of or pertaining to the mesogaster.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the middle gastric lobe of the carapace of a crab.

Mesogastrium

Mes`o*gas"tri*um (?), n. [NL. See Mesogaster.] (Anat.) (a) The umbilical region. (b) The mesogaster.

Mesogl Mes`o*gl (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A thin gelatinous tissue separating the ectoderm and endoderm in certain c\'d2lenterates. -- Mes`o*gl (#), a.

Mesognathous

Me*sog"na*thous (?), a. [Meso- + Gr. (Anat.) Having the jaws slightly projecting; between prognathous and orthognathous. See Gnathic index, under Gnathic.

Mesohepar

Mes`o*he"par (?), n. [NL. See Meso-, and Hepar.] (Anat.) A fold of the peritoneum connecting the liver with the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity.

Mesohippus

Mes`o*hip"pus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct mammal of the Horse family, but not larger than a sheep, and having three toes on each foot.

Mesolabe

Mes"o*labe (?), n. [L. mesolabium, Gr. An instrument of the ancients for finding two mean proportionals between two given lines, required in solving the problem of the duplication of the cube. Brande & C.

Mesole

Mes"ole (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) Same as Thomsonite.

Mesolite

Mes"o*lite (?; 277), n. [Meso- + -lite.] (Min.) A zeolitic mineral, grayish white or yellowish, occuring in delicate groups of crystals, also fibrous massive. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina, lime, and soda.

Mesologarithm

Mes`o*log"a*rithm (?), n. [Meso- + logarithm : cf. F. m\'82sologarithme.] (Math.) A logarithm of the cosine or cotangent. [Obs.] Kepler. Hutton.

Mesometrium

Mes`o*me"tri*um (?), n. [NL. See Meso-, and Metrium.] (Anat.) The fold of the peritoneum supporting the oviduct.

Mesomyodian

Mes`o*my*o"di*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A bird having a mesomyodous larynx.

Mesomyodous

Mes`o*my"o*dous (?), a. [Meso- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the intrinsic muscles of the larynx attached to the middle of the semirings.

Meson

Mes"on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The mesial plane dividing the body of an animal into similar right and left halves. The line in which it meets the dorsal surface has been called the dorsimeson, and the corresponding ventral edge the ventrimeson. B. G. Wilder.

Mesonasal

Mes`o*na"sal (?), a. [Meso- + nasal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the middle portion of the nasal region.

Mesonephric

Mes`o*neph"ric (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mesonephros; as, the mesonephric, or Wolffian, duct.

Mesonephros

Mes`o*neph"ros (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The middle one of the three pairs of embryonic renal organs developed in most vertebrates; the Wolffian body.

Mesonotum

Mes`o*no"tum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The dorsal portion of the mesothorax of insects.

Mesophl Mes`o*phl (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The middle bark of a tree; the green layer of bark, usually soon covered by the outer or corky layer, and obliterated.

Mesophryon

Me*soph"ry*on (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) See Glabella.

Mesophyllum

Mes`o*phyl"lum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The parenchyma of a leaf between the skin of the two surfaces. Gray.

Mesoplast

Mes"o*plast (?), n. [Meso- + -plast.] (Biol.) The nucleus of a cell; mesoblast. Agassix.
Page 916

Mesopodial

Mes`o*po"di*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mesopodialia or to the parts of the limbs to which they belong.

Mesopodiale

Mes`o*po`di*a"le (?), n.; pl. Mesopodialia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) One of the bones of either the carpus or tarsus.

Mesopodium

Mes`o*po"di*um (?), n. [NL. See Mesopodiale.] (Zo\'94l.) The middle portion of the foot in the Gastropoda and Pteropoda.

Mesopterygium

Me*sop`te*ryg"i*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The middle one of the three principal basal cartilages in the fins of fishes. -- Me*sop`ter*yg"i*al (#), a.

Mesorchium

Me*sor"chi*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The fold of peritoneum which attaches the testis to the dorsal wall of the body cavity or scrotal sac.

Mesorectum

Mes`o*rec"tum (?), n. [Meso- + rectum.] (Anat.) The fold of peritoneum, or mesentery, attached to the rectum. -- Mes`o*rec"tal (#), a.

Mesorhine

Mes"o*rhine (?), a. [Meso- + Gr. (Anat.) Having the nose of medium width; between leptorhine and platyrhine.

Mesosauria

Mes`o*sau"ri*a (?), n. Same as Mosasauria.

Mesoscapula

Mes`o*scap"u*la (?), n. [Meso- + scapula.] (Anat.) A process from the middle of the scapula in some animals; the spine of the scapula.

Mesoscapular

Mes`o*scap"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mesoscapula.

Mesoscutum

Mes`o*scu"tum (?), n. [Meso- + scutum.] (Zo\'94l.) The scutum or dorsal plate of the middle thoracic segment of an insect. See Illust. of Butterfly.

Mesoseme

Mes"o*seme (?), a. [Meso- + Gr. m\'82sos\'8ame.] (Anat.) Having a medium orbital index; having orbits neither broad nor narrow; between megaseme and microseme.

Mesosiderite

Mes`o*sid"er*ite (?), n. [Meso- + siderite.] (Min.) See the Note under Meteorite.

Mesosperm

Mes"o*sperm (?), n. [Meso- + Gr. m\'82sosperme.] (Bot.) A membrane of a seed. See Secundine.

Mesostate

Mes"o*state (?), n. [Meso- + Gr. (Physiol.) A product of metabolic action. &hand; Every mesostate is either an anastate or katastate, according as it is formed by an anabolic or katabolic process. See Metabolism.

Mesosternal

Mes`o*ster"nal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mesosternum.

Mesosternum

Mes`o*ster"num (?), n. [Meso- + sternum.]

1. (Anat.) The middle portion, or body, of the sternum.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The ventral piece of the middle segment of the thorax in insects.

Mesotartaric

Mes`o*tar*tar"ic (?), a. [Meso- + tartaric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid called also inactive tartaric acid.

Mesotheca

Mes`o*the"ca (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The middle layer of the gonophore in the Hydrozoa.

Mesothelium

Mes`o*the"li*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. thelium.] (Biol.) Epithelial mesoderm; a layer of cuboidal epithelium cells, formed from a portion of the mesoderm during the differetiation of the germ layers. It constitutes the boundary of the c&oe;lum.

Mesothoracic

Mes`o*tho*rac"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the mesothorax.

Mesothorax

Mes`o*tho"rax (?), n. [Meso- + thorax: cf. F. m\'82sothorax.] (Zo\'94l.) The middle segment of the thorax in insects. See Illust. of Coleoptera.

Mesotrochal

Mes"o*tro`chal (?), a. [Meso- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the middle of the body surrounded by bands of cilia; -- said of the larv\'91 of certain marine annelids.

Mesotype

Mes"o*type (?), n. [Meso- + -type: cf. F. m\'82sotype.] (Min.) An old term covering natrolite or soda mesolite, scolecite or lime mesotype, and mesolite or lime-soda mesotype.

Mesovarium

Mes`o*va"ri*um (?), n. [NL. See Meso-, and Ovary.] (Anat.) The fold of peritoneum connecting the ovary with the wall of the abdominal cavity.

Mesoxalate

Mes*ox"a*late (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of mesoxalic acid.

Mesoxalic

Mes`ox*al"ic (?), a. [Mes- + oxalic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, CH2O2(CO2H)2, obtained from amido malonic acid.

Mesozoa

Mes`o*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Mesozoic.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of very lowly organized, wormlike parasites, including the Dicyemata. They are found in cephalopods. See Dicyemata.

Mesozoic

Mes`o*zo"ic (?), a. [Meso- + Gr. (Geol.) Belonging, or relating, to the secondary or reptilian age, or the era between the Paleozoic and Cenozoic. See Chart of Geology.

Mesozoic

Mes`o*zo"ic, n. The Mesozoic age or formation.

Mesprise

Mes*prise" (?), n. [OF. mespris, F. m\'82pris. See Misprize.]

1. Contempt; scorn. [Obs.]

2. [Perh. for F. m\'82prise mistake. Cf. Misprision.] Misadventure; ill-success. [Obs.] Spenser.

Mesquite, Mesquit

Mes*qui"te (?), Mes*quit" (?), n. [Sp. mezquite; said to be a Mexican Indian word.] (Bot.) A name for two trees of the southwestern part of North America, the honey mesquite, and screw-pod mesquite. Honey mesquite. See Algaroba (b). -- Screw-pod mesquite, a smaller tree (Prosopis pubescens), having spiral pods used as fodder and sometimes as food by the Indians. -- Mesquite grass, a rich native grass in Western Texas (Bouteloua oligostachya, and other species); -- so called from its growing in company with the mesquite tree; -- called also muskit grass, grama grass.

Mess

Mess (?), n. Mass; church service. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mess

Mess (?), n. [OE. mes, OF. mets, LL. missum, p. p. of mittere to put, place (e. g., on the table), L. mittere to send. See Mission, and cf. Mass religious service.]

1. A quantity of food set on a table at one time; provision of food for a person or party for one meal; as, a mess of pottage; also, the food given to a beast at one time.

At their savory dinner set Of herbs and other country messes. Milton.

2. A number of persons who eat together, and for whom food is prepared in common; especially, persons in the military or naval service who eat at the same table; as, the wardroom mess. Shak.

3. A set of four; -- from the old practice of dividing companies into sets of four at dinner. [Obs.] Latimer.

4. The milk given by a cow at one milking. [U.S.]

5. [Perh. corrupt. fr. OE. mesh for mash: cf. muss.] A disagreeable mixture or confusion of things; hence, a situation resulting from blundering or from misunderstanding; as, he made a mess of it. [Colloq.]

Mess

Mess (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Messed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Messing.] To take meals with a mess; to belong to a mess; to eat (with others); as, I mess with the wardroom officers. Marryat.

Mess

Mess, v. t. To supply with a mess.

Message

Mes"sage (?; 48), n. [F., fr. LL. missaticum, fr. L. mittere, missum, to send. See Mission, and cf. Messenger.]

1. Any notice, word, or communication, written or verbal, sent from one person to another.

Ehud said, I have a message from God unto thee. Judg. iii. 20.

2. Hence, specifically, an official communication, not made in person, but delivered by a messenger; as, the President's message. Message shell. See Shell.

Message

Mes"sage, v. t. To bear as a message. [Obs.]

Message

Mes"sage, n. [OE., fr. OF. message, fr. LL. missaticus. See 1st Message.] A messenger. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Messager

Mes"sa*ger (?), n. [OE.] A messenger. [Obs.]

Messenger

Mes"sen*ger (?), n. [OE. messager, OF. messagier, F. messager. See Message.]

1. One who bears a message; the bearer of a verbal or written communication, notice, or invitation, from one person to another, or to a public body; specifically, an office servant who bears messages.

2. One who, or that which, foreshows, or foretells.

Yon gray lines That fret the clouds are messengers of day. Shak.

3. (Naut.) A hawser passed round the capstan, and having its two ends lashed together to form an endless rope or chain; -- formerly used for heaving in the cable.

4. (Law) A person appointed to perform certain ministerial duties under bankrupt and insolvent laws, such as to take charge og the estate of the bankrupt or insolvent. Bouvier. Tomlins. Syn. -- Carrier; intelligencer; courier; harbinger; forerunner; precursor; herald. Messenger bird, the secretary bird, from its swiftness.

Messet

Mes"set (?), n. A dog. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Messiad

Mes*si"ad (?), n. A German epic poem on the Messiah, by Klopstock.

Messiah

Mes*si"ah (?), n. [Heb. m\'besh\'c6akh anointed, fr. m\'beshakh to anoint. Cf. Messias.] The expected king and deliverer of the Hebrews; the Savior; Christ.
And told them the Messiah now was born. Milton.

Messiahship

Mes*si"ah*ship, n. The state or office of the Messiah.

Messianic

Mes`si*an"ic (?), a. Of or relating to the Messiah; as, the Messianic office or character.

Messias

Mes*si"as (?), n. [LL., fr. Gr. Messiah.] The Messiah.
I know that Messias cometh, which is called Christ. John iv. 25.

Messidor

Mes`si`dor" (F. ?; E. ?), n. [F., fr. L. messis harvest.] The tenth month of the French republican calendar dating from September 22, 1792. It began June 19, and ended July 18. See Vend\'90miaire.

Messieurs

Mes"sieurs (?; F. ?; 277), n. pl. [F.; pl. of monsieur.] Sirs; gentlemen; -- abbreviated to Messrs., which is used as the plural of Mr.

Messinese

Mes`si*nese" (? ∨ ?), a. Of or pertaining to Messina, or its inhabitans.

Messmate

Mess"mate` (?), n. An associate in a mess.

Messuage

Mes"suage (?; 48), n. [Cf. OF. mesuage, masnage, LL. messuagium, mansionaticum, fr. L. mansio, -onis, a staying, remaining, dwelling, fr. manere, mansum, to stay, remain, E. mansion, manse.] (Law) A dwelling house, with the adjacent buildings and curtilage, and the adjoining lands appropriated to the use of the household. Cowell. Bouvier.
They wedded her to sixty thousand pounds, To lands in Kent, and messuages in York. Tennyson.

Mest

Mest (?), a. Most. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mestee

Mes*tee" (?), n. [See Mestizo.] The offspring of a white person and a quadroon; -- so called in the West Indies. [Written also mustee.]

Mester

Mes"ter (?), n. [Obs.] See Mister, a trade.

Mestino

Mes*ti"no (?), n.; pl. Mestinos (. See Mestizo.

Mestizo

Mes*ti"zo (?), n.; pl. Mestizos (#). [Sp. mestizo; akin to OF. mestis, F. m\'82tis; all fr. (assumed) LL. mixtitius, fr. L. mixtus mixed, p. p. of miscere to mix. See Mix, and cf. Mestee, M\'90tif, M\'90tis, Mustee.] The offspring of an Indian or a negro and a European or person of European stock. [Spanish America] Mestizo wool, wool imported from South America, and produced by mixed breeds of sheep.

Mestling

Mest"ling (?), n. A kind of brass. See Maslin. [Obs.]

Mesymnicum

Me*sym"ni*cum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Hymn.] (Anc. Poetry) A repetition at the end of a stanza.

Met

Met (?), imp. & p. p. of Meet.

Met

Met, obs. imp. & p. p. of Mete, to measure. Chapman.

Met

Met, obs. p. p. of Mete, to dream. Chaucer.

Meta-, Met-

Met"a- (?), Met- (?). [Gr. mid with, G. mit, Goth. mi\'ed, E. mid, in midwife.]

1. A prefix meaning between, with, after, behind, over, about, reversely; as, metachronism, the error of placing after the correct time; metaphor, lit., a carrying over; metathesis, a placing reversely.

2. (Chem.) A prefix denoting: (a) Other; duplicate, corresponding to; resembling; hence, metameric; as, meta-arabinic, metaldehyde. (b) (Organic Chem.) That two replacing radicals, in the benzene nucleus, occupy the relative positions of 1 and 3, 2 and 4, 3 and 5, 4 and 6, 5 and 1, or 6 and 2; as, metacresol, etc. See Ortho-, and Para-. (c) (Inorganic Chem.) Having less than the highest number of hydroxyl groups; -- said of acids; as, metaphosphoric acid. Also used adjectively. <-- 3. A prefix meaning at a level above, as metaphysics, metalanguage. -->

Metabasis

Me*tab"a*sis (?), n.; pl. Metabases (#). [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Rhet.) A transition from one subject to another.

2. (Med.) Same as Metabola.

Metabola, Metabole

Me*tab"o*la (?), Me*tab"o*le (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) A change or mutation; a change of disease, symptoms, or treatment.

Metabola, Metabolia

Me*tab"o*la (?), Met`a*bo"li*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See 1st Metabola.] (Zo\'94l.) A comprehensive group of insects, including those that undegro a metamorphosis.

Metabolian

Met`a*bo"li*an (?), n. [See Metabola.] (Zo\'94l.) An insect which undergoes a metamorphosis.

Metabolic

Met`a*bol"ic (?), a. [Gr. Metabola.]

1. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to metamorphosis; pertaining to, or involving, change.

2. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to metabolism; as, metabolic activity; metabolic force.

Metabolisis

Met`a*bol"i*sis (?), n. [NL.] Metabolism. [R.]

Metabolism

Me*tab"o*lism (?), n. (Physiol.) The act or process, by which living tissues or cells take up and convert into their own proper substance the nutritive material brought to them by the blood, or by which they transform their cell protoplasm into simpler substances, which are fitted either for excretion or for some special purpose, as in the manufacture of the digestive ferments. Hence, metabolism may be either constructive (anabolism), or destructive (katabolism).<-- now sp. catabolism -->

Metabolite

Me*tab"o*lite (?), n. (Physiol Chem.) A product of metabolism; a substance produced by metabolic action, as urea.

Metabolize

Me*tab"o*lize (?), v. t. & i. (Physiol.) To change by a metabolic process. See Metabolism.

Metabranchial

Met`a*bran"chi*al (?), a. [Meta- + branchial.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the lobe of the carapace of crabs covering the posterior branchi\'91.

Metacarpal

Met`a*car"pal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the metacarpus. -- n. A metacarpal bone.

Metacarpus

Met`a*car"pus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) That part of the skeleton of the hand or forefoot between the carpus and phalanges. In man it consists of five bones. See Illust. of Artiodactyla.

Metacenter ∨ -tre

Met`a*cen"ter (?)-tre, n. [Pref. meta- + center.] (Hydrostatics) The point of intersection of a vertical line through the center of gravity of the fluid displaced by a floating body which is tipped through a small angle from its position of equilibrium, and the inclined line which was vertical through the center of gravity of the body when in equilibrium. &hand; When the metacenter is above the center of gravity, the position of the body is stable; when below it, unstable.

Metacetone

Me*tac"e*tone (?), n. [Pref. met- + acetone.] (Chem.) A colorless liquid of an agreeable odor, C6H10O, obtained by distilling a mixture of sugar and lime; -- so called because formerly regarded as a polymeric modification of acetone.

Metachloral

Met`a*chlo"ral (?), n. [Pref. meta- + chloral.] (Chem.) A white, amorphous, insoluble substance regarded as a polymeric variety of chloral.

Metachronism

Me*tach"ro*nism (?), n. [Gr. m\'82tachronisme.] An error committed in chronology by placing an event after its real time.

Metachrosis

Met`a*chro"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Biol.) The power og changing color at will by the expansion of special pigment cells, under nerve influence, as seen in many reptiles, fishes, etc. Cope.

Metacinnabarite

Met`a*cin"na*bar*ite (?), n. [Pref. meta- + cinnabar.] (Min.) Sulphide of mercury in isometric form and black in color.

Metacism

Met"a*cism (?), n. [L. metacismus, Gr. A defect in pronouncing the letter m, or a too frequent use of it.

Metacrolein

Met`a*cro"le*in (?), n. [Pref. met- + acrolein.] (Chem.) A polymeric modification of acrolein obtained by heating it with caustic potash. It is a crystalline substance having an aromatic odor.

Metacromion

Met`a*cro"mi*on (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) A process projecting backward and downward from the acromion of the scapula of some mammals.

Metadiscoidal

Met`a*dis*coid"al (?), a. [Meta- + discoidal.] (Anat.) Discoidal by derivation; -- applied especially to the placenta of man and apes, because it is supposed to have been derived from a diffused placenta.

Metagastric

Met`a*gas"tric (?), a. [Pref. meta- + gastric.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the two posterior gastric lobes of the carapace of crabs.

Metage

Met"age (?; 48), n. [From Mete, v.]

1. Measurement, especially of coal. De Foe.

2. Charge for, or price of, measuring. Simmonds.

Metagenesis

Met`a*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Pref. meta- + genesis.]

1. (Biol.) The change of form which one animal species undergoes in a series of successively produced individuals, extending from the one developed from the ovum to the final perfected individual. Hence, metagenesis involves the production of sexual individuals by nonsexual means, either directly or through intervening sexless generations. Opposed to monogenesis. See Alternate generation, under Generation.

2. (Biol.) Alternation of sexual and asexual or gemmiparous generations; -- in distinction from heterogamy.


Page 917

Metagenetic

Met`a*ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to metagenesis.

Metagenic

Met`a*gen"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Metagenetic.

Metagnathous

Me*tag"na*thous (?), a. [Pref. meta- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Cross-billed; -- said of certain birds, as the crossbill.

Metagrammatism

Met`a*gram"ma*tism (?), n. Anagrammatism.

Metagraphic

Met`a*graph"ic (?), a. By or pertaining to metagraphy.

Metagraphy

Me*tag"ra*phy (?), n. [Pref. meta- + -graphy.] The art or act of rendering the letters of the alphabet of one language into the possible equivalents of another; transliteration. Stormonth.

Metal

Met"al (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [F. m\'82tal, L. metallum metal, mine, Gr. Mettle, Medal.]

1. (Chem.) An elementary substance, as sodium, calcium, or copper, whose oxide or hydroxide has basic rather than acid properties, as contrasted with the nonmetals, or metalloids. No sharp line can be drawn between the metals and nonmetals, and certain elements partake of both acid and basic qualities, as chromium, manganese, bismuth, etc. &hand; Popularly, the name is applied to certain hard, fusible metals, as gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, lead, zinc, nickel, etc., and also to the mixed metals, or metallic alloys, as brass, bronze, steel, bell metal, etc.

2. Ore from which a metal is derived; -- so called by miners. Raymond.

3. A mine from which ores are taken. [Obs.]

Slaves . . . and persons condemned to metals. Jer. Taylor.

4. The substance of which anything is made; material; hence, constitutional disposition; character; temper.

Not till God make men of some other metal than earth. Shak.

5. Courage; spirit; mettle. See Mettle. Shak. &hand; The allusion is to the temper of the metal of a sword blade. Skeat.

6. The broken stone used in macadamizing roads and ballasting railroads.

7. The effective power or caliber of guns carried by a vessel of war.

8. Glass in a state of fusion. Knight.

9. pl. The rails of a railroad. [Eng.] Base metal (Chem.), any one of the metals, as iron, lead, etc., which are readily tarnished or oxidized, in contrast with the noble metals. In general, a metal of small value, as compared with gold or silver. -- Fusible metal (Metal.), a very fusible alloy, usually consisting of bismuth with lead, tin, or cadmium. -- Heavy metals (Chem.), the metallic elements not included in the groups of the alkalies, alkaline earths, or the earths; specifically, the heavy metals, as gold, mercury, platinum, lead, silver, etc. -- Light metals (Chem.), the metallic elements of the alkali and alkaline earth groups, as sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, etc.; also, sometimes, the metals of the earths, as aluminium. -- Muntz metal, an alloy for sheathing and other purposes, consisting of about sixty per cent of copper, and forty of zinc. Sometimes a little lead is added. It is named from the inventor. -- Prince's metal (Old Chem.), an alloy resembling brass, consisting of three parts of copper to one of zinc; -- also called Prince Rupert's metal.

Metal

Met"al, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Metaled (? ∨ ?) or Metalled; p. pr. & vb. n. Metaling or Metalling.] To cover with metal; as, to metal a ship's bottom; to metal a road.

Metalammonium

Met`al*am*mo"ni*um (?), n. [Metal + ammonium.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical derived from ammonium by the substitution of metallic atoms in place of hydrogen.

Metalbumin

Met`al*bu"min (?), n. [Pref. met- + albumin.] (Physiol. Chem.) A form of albumin found in ascitic and certain serous fluids. It is sometimes regarded as a mixture of albumin and mucin.

Metaldehyde

Me*tal"de*hyde (?), n. [Pref. met- + aldehyde.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance isomeric with, and obtained from, acetic aldehyde by polymerization, and reconvertible into the same.

Metalepsis

Met`a*lep"sis (?), n.; pl. Metalepses (#). [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) The continuation of a trope in one word through a succession of significations, or the union of two or more tropes of a different kind in one word.

Metalepsy

Met"a*lep`sy (?), n. (Chem.) Exchange; replacement; substitution; metathesis. [R.]

Metaleptic

Met`a*lep"tic (?), a. [Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to a metalepsis.

2. Transverse; as, the metaleptic motion of a muscle.

3. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, concerned in, or occurring by, metalepsy.

Metaleptical

Met`a*lep"tic*al (?), a. Metaleptic. -- Met`a*lep"tic*al*ly, adv.

Metallic

Me*tal"lic (?), a. [L. metallicus, fr. metallum: cf. F. m\'82tallique. See Metal.]

1. Of or pertaining to a metal; of the nature of metal; resembling metal; as, a metallic appearance; a metallic alloy.

2. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or characterized by, the essential and implied properties of a metal, as contrasted with a nonmetal or metalloid; basic; antacid; positive.<-- conductive of electricity is now one of the most characteristic properties, and form cations by loss of electrons --> Metallic iron, iron in the state of the metal, as distinquished from its ores, as magnetic iron. -- Metallic paper, paper covered with a thin solution of lime, whiting, and size. When written upon with a pewter or brass pencil, the lines can hardly be effaced. -- Metallic tinking (Med.), a sound heard in the chest, when a cavity communicating with the air passages contains both air and liquid.

Metallical

Me*tal"lic*al (?), a. See Metallic. [Obs.]

Metallicly

Me*tal"lic*ly (?), adv. In a metallic manner; by metallic means.

Metallifacture

Me*tal`li*fac"ture (?; 135), n. [L. metallum metal + facere, factum, to make.] The production and working or manufacture of metals. [R.] R. Park.

Metalliferous

Met`al*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. metallifer; metallum metal + ferre to bear: cf. F. m\'82tallif\'8are.] Producing metals; yielding metals.

Metalliform

Me*tal"li*form (?), a. [L. metallum metal + -form: cf. F. m\'82talliforme.] Having the form or structure of a metal.

Metalline

Met"al*line (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82tallin.] (Chem.) (a) Pertaining to, or resembling, a metal; metallic; as, metalline properties. (b) Impregnated with metallic salts; chalybeate; as, metalline water. [R.]

Metalline

Met"al*line (? ∨ ?), n. (Chem.) A substance of variable composition, but resembling a soft, dark-colored metal, used in the bearings of machines for obviating friction, and as a substitute for lubricants.

Metallist

Met"al*list (?), n. A worker in metals, or one skilled in metals.

Metallization

Met`al*li*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82tallisation.] The act or process of metallizing. [R.]

Metallize

Met"al*lize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Metallized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Metallizing (?).] [Cf. F. m\'82talliser.] To impart metallic properties to; to impregnate with a metal. [R.]

Metallochrome

Me*tal"lo*chrome (?), n. [See Metallochromy.] A coloring produced by the deposition of some metallic compound; specifically, the prismatic tints produced by depositing a film of peroxide of lead on polished steel by electricity.

Metallochromy

Me*tal"lo*chro`my (?), n. [L. metallum metal + Gr. The art or process of coloring metals.

Metallograph

Me*tal"lo*graph (?), n. [L. metallum metal + -graph.] A print made by metallography.

Metallographic

Me*tal`lo*graph"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or by means of, metallography.

Metallographist

Met`al*log"ra*phist (?), n. One who writes on the subject of metals.

Metallography

Met`al*log"ra*phy (?), n. [L. metallum metal + -graphy: cf. F. m\'82tallographie.]

1. The science or art of metals and metal working; also, a treatise on metals.

2. A method of transferring impressions of the grain of wood to metallic surfaces by chemical action. Knight.

3. A substitute for lithography, in which metallic plates are used instead of stone. Knight.

Metalloid

Met"al*loid (?), n. [L. metallum metal + -oid: cf. F. m\'82tallo\'8bde.] (a) Formerly, the metallic base of a fixed alkali, or alkaline earth; -- applied by Sir H. Davy to sodium, potassium, and some other metallic substances whose metallic character was supposed to be not well defined. (b) Now, one of several elementary substances which in the free state are unlike metals, and whose compounds possess or produce acid, rather than basic, properties; a nonmetal; as, boron, carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, chlorine, bromine, etc., are metalloids.

Metalloid

Met"al*loid, a.

1. Having the appearance of a metal.

2. (Chem.) Having the properties of a nonmetal; nonmetallic; acid; negative.

Metalloidal

Met`al*loid"al (?), a. Metalloid.

Metallorganic

Met`al*lor*gan"ic (?), a. Metalorganic.

Metallotherapy

Me*tal`lo*ther"a*py (?), n. [L. metallum metal + E. therapy.] (Med.) Treatment of disease by applying metallic plates to the surface of the body.

Metallurgic, Metallurgical

Met`al*lur"gic (?), Met`al*lur"gic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82tallurgique.] Of or pertaining to metallurgy.

Metallurgist

Met"al*lur`gist (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82tallurgiste.] One who works in metals, or prepares them for use; one who is skilled in metallurgy.

Metallurgy

Met"al*lur`gy (?), n. [F. m\'82tallurgie, fr. L. metallum metal, Gr. Metal, and Work.] The art of working metals, comprehending the whole process of separating them from other matters in the ore, smelting, refining, and parting them; sometimes, in a narrower sense, only the process of extracting metals from their ores.

Metalman

Met"al*man (?), n.; pl. Metalmen (. A worker in metals.

Metalogical

Met`a*log"ic*al (?), a. Beyond the scope or province of logic.

Metalorganic

Met`al*or*gan"ic (?), a. [Metal, L. metallum + E. organic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or denoting, any one of a series of compounds of certain metallic elements with organic radicals; as, zinc methyl, sodium ethyl, etc. [Written also metallorganic.]

Metamer

Met"a*mer (?), n. [See Metamere.] (Chem.) Any one of several metameric forms of the same substance, or of different substances having the same composition; as, xylene has three metamers, viz., orthoxylene, metaxylene, and paraxylene.<-- = isomer -->

Metamere

Met"a*mere (?), n. [Pref. meta- + -mere.] (Biol.) One of successive or homodynamous parts in animals and plants; one of a series of similar parts that follow one another in a vertebrate or articulate animal, as in an earthworm; a segment; a somite. See Illust. of Loeven's larva.

Metameric

Met`a*mer"ic (?), a. [Pref. meta- + Gr.

1. (Chem.) Having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight, and with the same molecular weight, but possessing a different structure and different properties; as, methyl ether and ethyl alcohol are metameric compounds. See Isomeric. &hand; The existence of metameric compounds is due to the different arrangement of the same constituents in the molecule.

2. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to a metamere or its formation; as, metameric segmentation.

Metamerically

Met`a*mer"ic*al*ly, adv. In a metameric manner.

Metamerism

Me*tam"er*ism (?), n.

1. (Biol.) The symmetry of a metameric structure; serial symmetry; the state of being made up of metameres.

2. (Chem.) The state or quality of being metameric; also, the relation or condition of metameric compounds.

Metamorphic

Met`a*mor"phic (?), a. [See Metamorphosis.]

1. Subject to change; changeable; variable.

2. Causing a change of structure.

3. (Geol.) Pertaining to, produced by, or exhibiting, certain changes which minerals or rocks may have undergone since their original deposition; -- especially applied to the recrystallization which sedimentary rocks have undergone through the influence of heat and pressure, after which they are called metamorphic rocks.

Metamorphism

Met`a*mor"phism (?), n. (Geol.) The state or quality of being metamorphic; the process by which the material of rock masses has been more or less recrystallized by heat, pressure, etc., as in the change of sedimentary limestone to marble. Murchison.

Metamorphist

Met`a*mor"phist (?), n. (Eccl.) One who believes that the body of Christ was merged into the Deity when he ascended.

Metamorphize

Met`a*mor"phize (?), v. t. To metamorphose.

Metamorphose

Met`a*mor"phose (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Metamorphosed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Metamorphosing.] [Cf. F. m\'82tamorphoser.] To change into a different form; to transform; to transmute.
And earth was metamorphosed into man. Dryden.

Metamorphose

Met`a*mor"phose (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82tamorphose. See Metamorphosis.] Same as Metamorphosis.

Metamorphoser

Met`a*mor"pho*ser (?), n. One who metamorphoses. [R.] Gascoigne.

Metamorphosic

Met`a*mor"pho*sic (?), a. Changing the form; transforming. [R.] Pownall.

Metamorphosis

Met`a*mor"pho*sis (?), n.; pl. Metamorphoses (#). [L., fr. Gr.

1. Change of form, or structure; transformation.

2. (Biol.) A change in the form or function of a living organism, by a natural process of growth or development; as, the metamorphosis of the yolk into the embryo, of a tadpole into a frog, or of a bud into a blossom. Especially, that form of sexual reproduction in which an embryo undergoes a series of marked changes of external form, as the chrysalis stage, pupa stage, etc., in insects. In these intermediate stages sexual reproduction is usually impossible, but they ultimately pass into final and sexually developed forms, from the union of which organisms are produced which pass through the same cycle of changes. See Transformation.

3. (Physiol.) The change of material of one kind into another through the agency of the living organism; metabolism. Vegetable metamorphosis (Bot.), the doctrine that flowers are homologous with leaf buds, and that the floral organs are transformed leaves.

Metanauplius

Met`a*nau"pli*us (?), n. [NL. See Meta-, and Nauplius.] (Zo\'94l.) A larval crustacean in a stage following the nauplius, and having about seven pairs of appendages.

Metanephritic

Met`a*ne*phrit"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the metanephros.

Metanephros

Met`a*neph"ros (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The most posterior of the three pairs of embryonic renal organs developed in many vertebrates.

Metanotum

Met`a*no"tum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The dorsal portion of the metaphorax of insects.

Metantimonate

Met`an*ti*mo"nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of metantimonic acid.

Metantimonic

Met`an*ti*mon"ic (?), a. [Pref. met- + antimonic.] (Chem.) (a) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (formerly called antimonic acid) analogous to metaphosphoric acid, and obtained as a white amorphous insoluble substance, (HSbO3). (b) Formerly, designating an acid, which is now properly called pyroantimonic acid, and analogous to pyrophosphoric acid.

Metapectic

Met`a*pec"tic (?), a. [Pref. meta- + pectic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a supposed acid obtained from pectin.

Metapectin

Met`a*pec"tin (?), n. (Chem.) A substance obtained from, and resembling, pectin, and occurring in overripe fruits.

Metapeptone

Met`a*pep"tone (?), n. [Pref. meta- + peptone.] (Physiol. Chem.) An intermediate product formed in the gastric digestion of albuminous matter.

Metaphor

Met"a*phor (?), n. [F. m\'82taphore, L. metaphora, fr. Gr. meta` beyond, over + fe`rein to bring, bear.] (Rhet.) The transference of the relation between one set of objects to another set for the purpose of brief explanation; a compressed simile; e. g., the ship plows the sea. Abbott & Seeley. "All the world's a stage." Shak. &hand; The statement, "that man is a fox," is a metaphor; but "that man is like a fox," is a simile, similitude, or comparison.

Metaphoric, Metaphorical

Met`a*phor"ic (?), Met`a*phor"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. m\'82taphorique.] Of or pertaining to metaphor; comprising a metaphor; not literal; figurative; tropical; as, a metaphorical expression; a metaphorical sense. -- Met`a*phor"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Met`a*phor"ic*al*ness, n.

Metaphorist

Met"a*phor*ist (?), n. One who makes metaphors.

Metaphosphate

Met`a*phos"phate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of metaphosphoric acid.

Metaphosphoric

Met`a*phos*phor"ic (?), a. [Pref. meta- + phosphoric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a monobasic acid, HPO3, analogous to nitric acid, and, by heating phosphoric acid, obtained as a crystalline substance, commonly called glacial phosphoric acid.

Metaphrase

Met"a*phrase (?), n. [Gr. meta`frasis, from metafrazein to paraphrase; meta` beyond, over + fra`zein to speak: cf. F. m\'82taphrase.]

1. A verbal translation; a version or translation from one language into another, word for word; -- opposed to paraphrase. Dryden.

2. An answering phrase; repartee. Mrs. Browning.


Page 918

Metaphrased

Met"a*phrased (?), a. Translated literally.

Metaphrasis

Me*taph"ra*sis (?), n. [NL. See Metaphrase.] Metaphrase.

Metaphrast

Met"a*phrast (?), n. [Gr. m\'82taphraste.] A literal translator.

Metaphrastic, Metaphrastical

Met`a*phras"tic (?), Met`a*phras"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Close, or literal.

Metaphysic

Met`a*phys"ic (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82taphysique.] See Metaphysics.

Metaphysic

Met`a*phys"ic, a. Metaphysical.

Metaphysical

Met`a*phys"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82taphysique. See Metaphysics.]

1. Of or pertaining to metaphysics.

2. According to rules or principles of metaphysics; as, metaphysical reasoning.

3. Preternatural or supernatural. [Obs.]

The golden round *Which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem To have thee crowned withal. Shak.

Metaphysically

Met`a*phys"ic*al*ly, adv. In the manner of metaphysical science, or of a metaphysician. South.

Metaphysician

Met`a*phy*si"cian (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82taphysicien.] One who is versed in metaphysics.

Metaphysics

Met`a*phys"ics (?), n. [Gr. m\'82taphysique. See Physics. The term was first used by the followers of Aristotle as a name for that part of his writings which came after, or followed, the part which treated of physics.]

1. The science of real as distinguished from phenomenal being; ontology; also, the science of being, with reference to its abstract and universal conditions, as distinguished from the science of determined or concrete being; the science of the conceptions and relations which are necessarily implied as true of every kind of being; phylosophy in general; first principles, or the science of first principles. &hand; Metaphysics is distinguished as general and special. General metaphysics is the science of all being as being. Special metaphysics is the science of one kind of being; as, the metaphysics of chemistry, of morals, or of politics. According to Kant, a systematic exposition of those notions and truths, the knowledge of which is altogether independent of experience, would constitute the science of metaphysics.

Commonly, in the schools, called metaphysics, as being part of the philosophy of Aristotle, which hath that for title; but it is in another sense: for there it signifieth as much as "books written or placed after his natural philosophy." But the schools take them for "books of supernatural philosophy;" for the word metaphysic will bear both these senses. Hobbes.
Now the science conversant about all such inferences of unknown being from its known manifestations, is called ontology, or metaphysics proper. Sir W. Hamilton.
Metaphysics are [is] the science which determines what can and what can not be known of being, and the laws of being, a priori. Coleridge.

2. Hence: The scientific knowledge of mental phenomena; mental philosophy; psychology.

Metaphysics, in whatever latitude the term be taken, is a science or complement of sciences exclusively occupied with mind. Sir W. Hamilton.
Whether, after all, A larger metaphysics might not help Our physics. Mrs. Browning.

Metaphysis

Me*taph"y*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Change of form; transformation.

Metaplasm

Met"a*plasm (?), n. [L. metaplasmus, Gr. m\'82taplasme.] (Gram.) A change in the letters or syllables of a word.

Metaplast

Met"a*plast (?), n. [See Metaplasm.] (Gram.) A word having more than one form of the root.

Metapode

Met"a*pode (?), n. [NL. metapodium, from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The posterior division of the foot in the Gastropoda and Pteropoda.

Metapodial

Met`a*po"di*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the metapodialia, or to the parts of the limbs to which they belong.

Metapodiale

Met`a*po`di*a"le (?), n.; pl. Metapodialia (#). [NL. See Metapode.] (Anat.) One of the bones of either the metacarpus or metatarsus.

Metapodium

Met`a*po"di*um (?), n.; pl. Metapodia (#). [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Metapode.

Metapophysis

Met`a*poph"y*sis (?), n.; pl. Metapophyses (#). [NL. See Meta-, and Apophysis.] (Anat.) A tubercle projecting from the anterior articular processes of some vertebr&ae;; a mammillary process.

Metapterygium

Me*tap`te*ryg"i*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The posterior of the three principal basal cartilages in the fins of fishes. -- Me*tap`ter*yg"i*al (#), a.

Metasilicate

Met`a*sil"i*cate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of metasilicic acid.

Metasilicic

Met`a*si*lic"ic (?), a. [Pref. meta- + silicic.] (Chem.) Designating an acid derived from silicic acid by the removal of water; of or pertaining to such an acid. &hand; The salts of metasilicic acid are often called bisilicates, in mineralogy, as Wollastonite (CaSiO3). Metasilicic acid (Chem.), a gelatinous substance, or white amorphous powder, analogous to carbonic acid, and forming many stable salts.

Metasomatism

Met`a*so"ma*tism (?), n. [Pref. meta- + Gr. (Geol.) An alteration in a mineral or rock mass when involving a chemical change of the substance, as of chrysolite to serpentine; -- opposed to ordinary metamorphism, as implying simply a recrystallization. -- Met`a*so*mat"ic (#), a.

Metasome

Met"a*some (?), n. [Pref. meta- + -some body.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the component segments of the body of an animal.

Metastannate

Met`a*stan"nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of metastannic acid.

Metastannic

Met`a*stan"nic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a compound of tin (metastannic acid), obtained, as an isomeric modification of stannic acid, in the form of a white amorphous substance.

Metastasis

Me*tas"ta*sis (?), n.; pl. Metastases (#). [L., transition, fr. Gr.

1. (Theol.) A spiritual change, as during baptism.

2. (Med.) A change in the location of a disease, as from one part to another. Dunglison.

3. (Physiol.) The act or process by which matter is taken up by cells or tissues and is transformed into other matter; in plants, the act or process by which are produced all of those chemical changes in the constituents of the plant which are not accompanied by a production of organic matter; metabolism.

Metastatic

Met`a*stat"ic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or caused by, metastasis; as, a metastatic abscess; the metastatic processes of growth.

Metasternal

Met`a*ster"nal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the metasternum.

Metasternum

Met`a*ster"num (?), n. [Pref. meta- + sternum.]

1. (Anat.) The most posterior element of the sternum; the ensiform process; xiphisternum.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The ventral plate of the third or last segment of the thorax of insects.

Metastoma, Metastome

Me*tas"to*ma (?), Met"a*stome (?), n. [NL. metastoma, from Gr. meta` behind + sto`ma mouth.] (Zo\'94l.) A median elevation behind the mouth in the arthropods.

Metatarsal

Met`a*tar"sal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the metatarsus. -- n. A metatarsal bone.

Metatarse

Met"a*tarse (?), n. (Anat.) Metatarsus.

Metatarsus

Met`a*tar"sus (?), n.; pl. Metatarsi (#). [NL. See Meta-, and Tarsus.] (Anat.) That part of the skeleton of the hind or lower limb between the tarsus and phalanges; metatarse. It consists, in the human foot, of five bones. See Illustration in Appendix.

Metathesis

Me*tath"e*sis (?), n.; pl. Metatheses (. [L., fr. Gr. meta`thesis, fr. metatithe`nai to place differently, to transpose; meta` beyond, over + tithe`nai to place, set. See Thesis.]

1. (Gram.) Transposition, as of the letters or syllables of a word; as, pistris for pristis; meagre for meager.

2. (Med.) A mere change in place of a morbid substance, without removal from the body.

3. (Chem.) The act, process, or result of exchange, substitution, or replacement of atoms and radicals; thus, by metathesis an acid gives up all or part of its hydrogen, takes on an equivalent amount of a metal or base, and forms a salt.

Metathetic, Metathetical

Met`a*thet"ic (?), Met`a*thet"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to metathesis.

Metathoracic

Met`a*tho*rac"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the metathorax.

Metathorax

Met`a*tho"rax (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. m\'82tathorax. See Meta-, and Thorax.] (Zo\'94l.) The last or posterior segment of the thorax in insects. See Illust. of Coleoptera.

Metatitanic

Met`a*ti*tan"ic (?), a. [Pref. meta- + titanic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid of titanium analogous to metasilicic acid.

Metatungstate

Met`a*tung"state (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of metatungstic acid.

Metatungstic

Met`a*tung"stic (?), a. [Pref. meta- + tungstic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid known only in its salts (the metatungstates) and properly called polytungstic, or pyrotungstic, acid.

Metavanadate

Met`a*van"a*date (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of metavanadic acid.

Metavanadic

Met`a*va*nad"ic (?), a. [Pref. meta- + vanadic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a vanadic acid analogous to metaphosphoric acid.

Metaxylene

Met`a*xy"lene (?), n. [Pref. meta- + xylene.] (Chem.) That variety of xylene, or dimethyl benzene, in which the two methyl groups occupy the meta position with reference to each other. It is a colorless inf

M\'82tayage

M\'82`ta`yage" (?), n. [F. See M\'82tayer.] A system of farming on halves. [France & Italy]

M\'82tayer

M\'82`ta`yer" (F. ?; E. ?), n. [F., fr. LL. medietarius, fr. L. medius middle, half. See Mid, a.] One who cultivates land for a share (usually one half) of its yield, receiving stock, tools, and seed from the landlord. [France & Italy] Milman.

Metazoa

Met`a*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Those animals in which the protoplasmic mass, constituting the egg, is converted into a multitude of cells, which are metamorphosed into the tissues of the body. A central cavity is commonly developed, and the cells around it are at first arranged in two layers, -- the ectoderm and endoderm. The group comprises nearly all animals except the Protozoa.

Metazoan

Met`a*zo"an (?), n.; pl. Metazoans (. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Metazoa.

Metazoic

Met`a*zo"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Metazoa.

Metazo\'94n

Met`a*zo"\'94n (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Metazoa.

Mete

Mete (?), n. Meat. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mete

Mete, v. t. & i. To meet. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mete

Mete, v. i. & t. [imp. Mette (?); p. p. Met.] [AS. m.] To dream; also impersonally; as, me mette, I dreamed. [Obs.] "I mette of him all night." Chaucer.

Mete

Mete (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Meted; p. pr. & vb. n. Meting.] [AS. metan; akin to D. meten, G. messen, OHG. mezzan, Icel. meta, Sw. m\'84ta, Goth. mitan, L. modus measure, moderation, modius a corn measure, Gr. measure, L. metiri to measure; cf. Skr. m\'be to measure. &root;99. Cf. Measure, Meet, a., Mode.] To find the quantity, dimensions, or capacity of, by any rule or standard; to measure.

Mete

Mete (?), v. i. To measure. [Obs.] Mark iv. 24.

Mete

Mete, n. [AS. met. See Mete to measure.] Measure; limit; boundary; -- used chiefly in the plural, and in the phrase metes and bounds.

Metecorn

Mete"corn` (?), n. A quantity of corn formerly given by the lord to his customary tenants, as an encouragement to, or reward for, labor and faithful service.

Metely

Mete"ly, a. According to measure or proportion; proportionable; proportionate. [Obs.]

Metempiric, Metempirical

Met`em*pir"ic (?), Met`em*pir"ic*al (?), a. [Pref. met- + empiric, -ical.] (Metaph.) Related, or belonging, to the objects of knowledge within the province of metempirics.
If then the empirical designates the province we include within the range of science, the province we exclude may be fitly styled the metempirical. G. H. Lewes.

Metempiricism

Met*em*pir"i*cism (?), n. The science that is concerned with metempirics.

Metempirics

Met`em*pir"ics (?), n. The concepts and relations which are conceived as beyond, and yet as related to, the knowledge gained by experience.

Metempsychose

Me*temp"sy*chose (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Metempsychosed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Metempsychosing (?).] [See Metempsychosis.] To translate or transfer, as the soul, from one body to another. [R.] Peacham.

Metempsychosis

Me*temp`sy*cho"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Psychology.] The passage of the soul, as an immortal essence, at the death of the animal body it had inhabited, into another living body, whether of a brute or a human being; transmigration of souls. Sir T. Browne.

Metemptosis

Met`emp*to"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Chron.) The suppression of a day in the calendar to prevent the date of the new moon being set a day too late, or the suppression of the bissextile day once in 134 years. The opposite to this is the proemptosis, or the addition of a day every 330 years, and another every 2,400 years.

Metencephalon

Met`en*ceph"a*lon (?), n. [Met- + encephalon.] (Anat.) The posterior part of the brain, including the medulla; the afterbrain. Sometimes abbreviated to meten.

Metensomatosis

Met`en*so`ma*to"sis (?), n. [L., a change of body (by the soul), fr. Gr. (Biol.) The assimilation by one body or organism of the elements of another.

Meteor

Me"te*or (?), n. [F. m\'82t\'82ore, Gr.

1. Any phenomenon or appearance in the atmosphere, as clouds, rain, hail, snow, etc.

Hail, an ordinary meteor. Bp. Hall.

2. Specif.: A transient luminous body or appearance seen in the atmosphere, or in a more elevated region.

The vaulty top of heaven Figured quite o'er with burning meteors. Shak.
&hand; The term is especially applied to fireballs, and the masses of stone or other substances which sometimes fall to the earth; also to shooting stars and to ignes fatui. Meteors are often classed as: aerial meteors, winds, tornadoes, etc.; aqueous meteors, rain, hail, snow, dew, etc.; luminous meteors, rainbows, halos, etc.; and igneous meteors, lightning, shooting stars, and the like.

Meteoric

Me`te*or"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82t\'82orique.]

1. Of or pertaining to a meteor, or to meteors; atmospheric, as, meteoric phenomena; meteoric stones.

2. Influenced by the weather; as, meteoric conditions.

3. Flashing; brilliant; transient; like a meteor; as, meteoric fame. "Meteoric politician." Craik. Meteoric iron, Meteoric stone. (Min.) See Meteorite. -- Meteoric paper, a substance of confervoid origin found floating in the air, and resembling bits of coarse paper; -- so called because formerly supposed to fall from meteors. -- Meteoric showers, periodical exhibitions of shooting stars, occuring about the 9th or 10th of August and 13th of November, more rarely in April and December, and also at some other periods.

Meteorical

Me`te*or"ic*al (?), a. Meteoric.

Meteorism

Me"te*or*ism (?), n. (Med.) Flatulent distention of the abdomen; tympanites.

Meteorite

Me"te*or*ite (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82t\'82orite.] (Min.) A mass of stone or iron which has fallen to the earth from space; an a\'89rolite. &hand; Meteorites usually show a pitted surface with a fused crust, caused by the heat developed in their rapid passage through the earth's atmosphere. A meteorite may consist: 1. Of metallic iron, alloyed with a small percentage of nickel (meteoric iron, holosiderite). When etched this usually exhibits peculiar crystalline figures, called Widmanst\'84tten figures. 2. Of a cellular mass of iron with imbedded silicates (mesosiderite or siderolite). 3. Of a stony mass of silicates with little iron (meteoric stone, sporadosiderite). 4. Of a mass without iron (asiderite). <-- Comm: carbonaceous? Add mark for composition? -->

Meteorize

Me"te*or*ize (?), v. i. [Gr. To ascend in vapors; to take the form of a meteor. Evelyn.

Meteorograph

Me`te*or"o*graph (?), n. [Meteor + -graph.] An instrument which registers meteorologic phases or conditions.

Meteorographic

Me`te*or`o*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to meteorography.

Meteorography

Me`te*or*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Meteor + -graphy.] The registration of meteorological phenomena.
Page 919

Meteoroid

Me"te*or*oid (?), n. [Meteor + -oid.] (Astron.) A small body moving through space, or revolving about the sun, which on entering the earth's atmosphere would be deflagrated and appear as a meteor.
These bodies [small, solid bodies] before they come into the air, I call meteoroids. H. A. Newton.

Meteoroidal

Me`te*or*oid"al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a meteoroid or to meteoroids.

Meteorolite

Me`te*or"o*lite (?; 277), n. [Meteor + -lite : cf. F. m\'82t\'82orolithe.] A meteoric stone; an a\'89rolite; a meteorite.

Meteoroligic, Meteorological

Me`te*or`o*lig"ic (?), Me`te*or`o*log"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. m\'82t\'82orologique.] Of or pertaining to the atmosphere and its phenomena, or to meteorology. Meteorological table, Meteorological register, a table or register exhibiting the state of the air and its temperature, weight, dryness, moisture, motion, etc.

Meteorologist

Me`te*or*ol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82t\'82orologiste.] A person skilled in meteorology.

Meteorology

Me`te*or*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. m\'82t\'82orologie. See Meteor.] The science which treats of the atmosphere and its phenomena, particularly of its variations of heat and moisture, of its winds, storms, etc.

Meteoromancy

Me`te*or"o*man`cy (?), n. [Meteor + -mancy : cf. F. m\'82t\'82oromancie.] A species of divination by meteors, chiefly by thunder and lightning, which was held in high estimation by the Romans.

Meteorometer

Me`te*or*om"e*ter (?), n. [Meteor + -meter.] An apparatus which transmits automatically to a central station atmospheric changes as marked by the anemometer, barometer, thermometer, etc.

Meteoroscope

Me`te*or"o*scope (?; 277), n. [Gr. m\'82t\'82oroscope. See Meteor.] (Astron.) (a) An astrolabe; a planisphere. [Obs.] (b) An instrument for measuring the position, length, and direction, of the apparent path of a shooting star.

Meteorous

Me*te"o*rous (? ∨ ?), a. [See Meteor.] Of the nature or appearance of a meteor.

-meter

-me"ter (?). [L. metrum measure, or the allied Gr. Meter rhythm.] A suffix denoting that by which anything is measured; as, barometer, chronometer, dynamometer.

Meter

Me"ter (?), n. [From Mete to measure.]

1. One who, or that which, metes or measures. See Coal-meter.

2. An instrument for measuring, and usually for recording automatically, the quantity measured. Dry meter, a gas meter having measuring chambers, with flexible walls, which expand and contract like bellows and measure the gas by filling and emptying. -- W, a gas meter in which the revolution of a chambered drum in water measures the gas passing through it.

Meter

Me"ter, n. A line above or below a hanging net, to which the net is attached in order to strengthen it.

Meter, Metre

Me"ter, Me"tre (?), n. [OE. metre, F. m\'8atre, L. metrum, fr. Gr. m\'be to measure. See Mete to measure.]

1. Rhythmical arrangement of syllables or words into verses, stanzas, strophes, etc.; poetical measure, depending on number, quantity, and accent of syllables; rhythm; measure; verse; also, any specific rhythmical arrangements; as, the Horatian meters; a dactylic meter.

The only strict antithesis to prose is meter. Wordsworth.

2. A poem. [Obs.] Robynson (More's Utopia).

3. A measure of length, equal to 39.37 English inches, the standard of linear measure in the metric system of weights and measures. It was intended to be, and is very nearly, the ten millionth part of the distance from the equator to the north pole, as ascertained by actual measurement of an arc of a meridian. See Metric system, under Metric. Common meter (Hymnol.), four iambic verses, or lines, making a stanza, the first and third having each four feet, and the second and fourth each three feet; -- usually indicated by the initials C.M. -- Long meter (Hymnol.), iambic verses or lines of four feet each, four verses usually making a stanza; -- commonly indicated by the initials L.M. -- Short meter (Hymnol.), iambic verses or lines, the first, second, and fourth having each three feet, and the third four feet. The stanza usually consists of four lines, but is sometimes doubled. Short meter is indicated by the initials S.M.

Meterage

Me"ter*age (?), n. [See 1st Meter.] The act of measuring, or the cost of measuring.

Metergram

Me"ter*gram` (?), n. (Mech.) A measure of energy or work done; the power exerted in raising one gram through the distance of one meter against gravitation.

Metewand

Mete"wand` (?), n.
[Mete to measure + wand.] A measuring rod. Ascham.

Meteyard

Mete"yard` (?), n. [AS. metgeard. See Mete to measure, and Yard stick.] A yard, staff, or rod, used as a measure. [Obs.] Shak.

Meth

Meth (?), n. See Meathe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Meth\'91moglobin

Met`h\'91m*o*glo"bin (? ∨ ?), n. [Pref. met- + h.] (Physiol. Chem.) A stable crystalline compound obtained by the decomposition of hemoglobin. It is found in old blood stains.

Methal

Meth"al (?), n. [Myristic + ether + alcohol.] (Chem.) A white waxy substance, found in small quantities in spermaceti as an ethereal salt of several fatty acids, and regarded as an alcohol of the methane series.

Methane

Meth"ane (?), n. [See Methal.] (Chem.) A light, colorless, gaseous, inflammable hydrocarbon, CH4; marsh gas. See Marsh gas, under Gas. Methane series (Chem.), a series of saturated hydrocarbons, of which methane is the first member and type, and (because of their general chemical inertness and indifference) called also the paraffin (little affinity) series. The lightest members are gases, as methane, ethane; intermediate members are liquids, as hexane, heptane, etc. (found in benzine, kerosene, etc.); while the highest members are white, waxy, or fatty solids, as paraffin proper.

Metheglin

Me*theg"lin (?), n. [W. meddyglyn; medd mead + llyn liquor, juice. See Mead a drink.] A fermented beverage made of honey and water; mead. Gay.

Methene

Meth"ene (?), n. [Methyl + ethylene.] (Chem.) See Methylene.

Methenyl

Meth"e*nyl (?), n. [Methene + -yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical hydrocarbon radical CH, regarded as an essential residue of certain organic compounds.

Methide

Meth"ide (? ∨ ?), n. [See Methyl.] (Chem.) A binary compound of methyl with some element; as, aluminium methide, Al2(CH3)6.

Methinks

Me*thinks" (?), v. impers. [imp. Methought (?).] [AS. þyncan to seem, m&emac; þynce&edh;, m&emac; þ&umac;hte, OE. me thinketh, me thoughte; akin to G. d\'81nken to seem, denken to think, and E. think. See Me, and Think.] It seems to me; I think. See Me. [R., except in poetry.]
In all ages poets have been had in special reputation, and, methinks, not without great cause. Spenser.

Methionate

Me*thi"on*ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of methionic acid.

Methionic

Meth`i*on"ic (?), a. [Methyl + thionic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphonic (thionic) acid derivative of methane, obtained as a stable white crystalline substance, CH2.(SO3H)2, which forms well defined salts.

Method

Meth"od (?), n. [F. m\'82thode, L. methodus, fr. Gr. meqodos method, investigation following after; meta` after + "odo`s way.]

1. An orderly procedure or process; regular manner of doing anything; hence, manner; way; mode; as, a method of teaching languages; a method of improving the mind. Addison.

2. Orderly arrangement, elucidation, development, or classification; clear and lucid exhibition; systematic arrangement peculiar to an individual.

Though this be madness, yet there's method in it. Shak.
All method is a rational progress, a progress toward an end. Sir W. Hamilton.

3. (Nat. Hist.) Classification; a mode or system of classifying natural objects according to certain common characteristics; as, the method of Theophrastus; the method of Ray; the Linn\'91an method. Syn. -- Order; system; rule; regularity; way; manner; mode; course; process; means. -- Method, Mode, Manner. Method implies arrangement; mode, mere action or existence. Method is a way of reaching a given end by a series of acts which tend to secmode relates to a single action, or to the form which a series of acts, viewed as a whole, exhibits. Manner is literally the handling of a thing, and has a wider sense, embracing both method and mode. An instructor may adopt a good method of teaching to write; the scholar may acquire a bad mode of holding his pen; the manner in which he is corrected will greatly affect his success or failure.

Methodic, Methodical

Me*thod"ic (?), Me*thod"ic*al (?), a. [L. methodicus, Gr. m\'82thodique.]

1. Arranged with regard to method; disposed in a suitable manner, or in a manner to illustrate a subject, or to facilitate practical observation; as, the methodical arrangement of arguments; a methodical treatise. "Methodical regularity." Addison.

2. Proceeding with regard to method; systematic. "Aristotle, strict, methodic, and orderly." Harris.

3. Of or pertaining to the ancient school of physicians called methodists. Johnson. -- Me*thod"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Me*thod"ic*al*ness, n.

Methodios

Me*thod"ios (?), n. The art and principles of method.

Methodism

Meth"o*dism (?), n. (Eccl.) The system of doctrines, polity, and worship, of the sect called Methodists. Bp. Warburton.

Methodist

Meth"o*dist (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82thodiste. See Method.]

1. One who observes method. [Obs.]

2. One of an ancient school of physicians who rejected observation and founded their practice on reasoning and theory. Sir W. Hamilton.

3. (Theol.) One of a sect of Christians, the outgrowth of a small association called the "Holy Club," formed at Oxford University, A.D. 1729, of which the most conspicuous members were John Wesley and his brother Charles; -- originally so called from the methodical strictness of members of the club in all religious duties.

4. A person of strict piety; one who lives in the exact observance of religious duties; -- sometimes so called in contempt or ridicule.

Methodist

Meth"o*dist, a. Of or pertaining to the sect of Methodists; as, Methodist hymns; a Methodist elder.

Methodistic, Methodistical

Meth`o*dis"tic (?), Meth`o*dis"tic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to methodists, or to the Methodists. -- Meth`o*dis"tic*al*ly, adv.

Methodization

Meth`od*i*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of methodizing, or the state of being methodized.

Methodize

Meth"od*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Methodized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Methodizing (?).] To reduce to method; to dispose in due order; to arrange in a convenient manner; as, to methodize one's work or thoughts. Spectator.

Methodizer

Meth"od*i`zer (?), n. One who methodizes.

Methodological

Meth`od*o*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to methodology.

Methodology

Meth`od*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science of method or arrangement; a treatise on method. Coleridge.

Methol

Meth"ol (?), n. [Gr. -ol.] (Chem.) The technical name of methyl alcohol or wood spirit; also, by extension, the class name of any of the series of alcohols of the methane series of which methol proper is the type. See Methyl alcohol, under Methyl.

Methought

Me*thought" (?), imp. of Methinks.

Methoxyl

Meth*ox"yl (?), n. [Methyl + hydroxyl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical, CH3O, analogous to hydroxyl.

Methyl

Meth"yl (?), n. [See Methylene.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon radical, CH3, not existing alone but regarded as an essential residue of methane, and appearing as a component part of many derivatives; as, methyl alcohol, methyl ether, methyl amine, etc. [Formerly written also methule, methyle, etc.] Methyl alcohol (Chem.), a light, volatile, inflammable liquid, CH3.OH, obtained by the distillation of wood, and hence called wood spirit<-- wood alcohol -->; -- called also methol, carbinol, etc. -- Methyl amine (Chem.), a colorless, inflammable, alkaline gas, CH3.NH2, having an ammoniacal, fishy odor. It is produced artificially, and also occurs naturally in herring brine and other fishy products. It is regarded as ammonia in which a third of its hydrogen is replaced by methyl, and is a type of the class of substituted ammonias. -- Methyl ether (Chem.), a light, volatile ether CH3.O.CH3, obtained by the etherification of methyl alcohol; -- called also methyl oxide. -- Methyl green. (Chem.) See under Green, n. -- Methyl orange. (Chem.) See Helianthin. -- Methyl violet (Chem.), an artificial dye, consisting of certain methyl halogen derivatives of rosaniline.

Methylal

Meth"yl*al (?), n. [Methylene + alcohol.] (Chem.) A light, volatile liquid, H2C(OCH3)2, regarded as a complex ether, and having a pleasant ethereal odor. It is obtained by the partial oxidation of methyl alcohol. Called also formal.

Methylamine

Meth`yl*am"ine (? ∨ ?), n. (Chem.) See Methyl amine, under Methyl.

Methylate

Meth"yl*ate (?), n. [Methyl + alcoholate.] (Chem.) An alcoholate of methyl alcohol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a metal, after the analogy of a hydrate; as, sodium methylate, CH3ONa.

Methylate

Meth"yl*ate (?), v. t. To impregnate or mix with methyl or methyl alcohol.

Methylated

Meth"yl*a`ted (?), a. (Chem.) Impregnated with, or containing, methyl alcohol or wood spirit; as, methylated spirits.

Methylene

Meth"yl*ene (?), n. [F. m\'82thyl\'8ane, from Gr. wood spirit.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon radical, CH2, not known in the free state, but regarded as an essential residue and component of certain derivatives of methane; as, methylene bromide, CH2Br2; -- formerly called also methene. Methylene blue (Chem.), an artificial dyestuff consisting of a complex sulphur derivative of diphenyl amine; -- called also pure blue.

Methylic

Me*thyl"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, methyl; specifically, designating methyl alcohol. See under Methyl.

Methysticin

Me*thys"ti*cin (?), n. (Chem.) A white, silky, crystalline substance extracted from the thick rootstock of a species of pepper (Piper methysticum) of the South Sea Islands; -- called also kanakin.

Metic

Met"ic (? ∨ ?; 277), n. [Gr. metoecus, F. m\'82t\'8aque.] (Gr. Antiq.) A sojourner; an immigrant; an alien resident in a Grecian city, but not a citizen. Mitford.
The whole force of Athens, metics as well as citizens, and all the strangers who were then in the city. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

Meticulous

Me*tic"u*lous (?), a. [L. meticulosus, fr. metus fear: cf. F. m\'82ticuleux.] Timid; fearful. -- Me*tic"u*lous*ly, adv.

M\'82tif, n. m. M\'82tive

M\'82`tif" (?), n. m. M\'82`tive" (?), n. f.[F.] See M\'82tis.

M\'82tis, n. m. M\'82tisse

M\'82`tis" (?), n. m. M\'82`tisse" (?), n. f.[F.; akin to Sp. mestizo. See Mestizo.]

1. The offspring of a white person and an American Indian.

2. The offspring of a white person and a quadroon; an octoroon. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.

Metoche

Met"o*che (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Arch.) (a) The space between two dentils. (b) The space between two triglyphs.

Metonic

Me*ton"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82tonique.] Pertaining to, or discovered by, Meton, the Athenian. Metonic cycle ∨ year. (Astron.) See under Cycle.

Metonymic, Metonymical

Met`o*nym"ic (?), Met`o*nym"ic*al (?), a. [See Metonymy.] Used by way of metonymy. -- Met`o*nym"ic*al*ly, adv.

Metonymy

Me*ton"y*my (?; 277), n. [L. metonymia, Gr. m\'82tonymie. See Name.] (Rhet.) A trope in which one word is put for another that suggests it; as, we say, a man keeps a good table instead of good provisions; we read Virgil, that is, his poems; a man has a warm heart, that is, warm affections.

Metope

Met"o*pe (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Arch.) The space between two triglyphs of the Doric frieze, which, among the ancients, was often adorned with carved work. See Illust. of Entablature.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The face of a crab. &hand; In the Parthenon, groups of centaurs and heroes in high relief occupy the metopes.

Metopic

Me*top"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the forehead or frontal bones; frontal; as, the metopic suture.

Metopomancy

Met"o*po*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Fortune telling by physiognomy. [R.] Urquhart.

Metoposcopic, Metoposcopical

Met`o*po*scop"ic (?), Met`o*po*scop"ic*al (?), a. Of or relating to metoposcopy.

Metoposcopist

Met`o*pos"co*pist (?), n. One versed in metoposcopy.

Metoposcopy

Met`o*pos"co*py (?), n. [Gr. m\'82toposcopie.] The study of physiognomy; the art of discovering the character of persons by their features, or the lines of the face.

Metosteon

Me*tos"te*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The postero-lateral ossification in the sternum of birds; also, the part resulting from such ossification.
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Metre

Me"tre (?), n. See Meter.

Metric

Met"ric (?), a. [L. metricus, Gr. m\'82trique. See Meter rhythm.]

1. Relating to measurement; involving, or proceeding by, measurement.

2. Of or pertaining to the meter as a standard of measurement; of or pertaining to the decimal system of measurement of which a meter is the unit; as, the metric system; a metric measurement. Metric analysis (Chem.), analysis by volume; volumetric analysis. -- Metric system, a system of weights and measures originating in France, the use of which is required by law in many countries, and permitted in many others, including the United States and England. The principal unit is the meter (see Meter). From this are formed the are, the liter, the stere, the gram, etc. These units, and others derived from them, are divided decimally, and larger units are formed from multiples by 10, 100, 1,000, and 10,000. The successive multiplies are designated by the prefixes, deca-, hecto-, kilo-, and myria-; successive parts by deci-, centi-, and milli-. The prefixes mega- and micro- are sometimes used to denote a multiple by one million, and the millionth part, respectively. See the words formed with these prefixes in the Vocabulary. For metric tables, see p. 1682. <-- nano-, pico-, femto-, atto-; giga-, tera, etc. -->

Metrical

Met"ric*al (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to the meter; arranged in meter; consisting of verses; as, metrical compositions.

2. Of or pertaining to measurement; as, the inch, foot, yard, etc., are metrical terms; esp., of or pertaining to the metric system.

Metrically

Met"ric*al*ly, adv. In a metrical manner.

Metrician

Me*tri"cian (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82tricien. See Meter rhythm.] A composer of verses. [Obs.]

Metric system

Met"ric sys"tem (?). See Metric, a.

Metrification

Met`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. Composition in metrical form; versification. [R.] Tennyson.

Metrify

Met"ri*fy (?), v. i. [L. metrum meter + -fy: cf. F. m\'82trifier.] To make verse. [R.] Skelton.

Metrist

Me"trist (?), n. A maker of verses. Bale.
Spenser was no mere metrist, but a great composer. Lowell.

Metritis

Me*tri"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -tis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the womb.

Metrochrome

Met"ro*chrome (?), n. [Gr. An instrument for measuring colors.

Metrograph

Met"ro*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph.] An instrument attached to a locomotive for recording its speed and the number and duration of its stops.

Metrological

Met`ro*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. m\'82trologique.] Of or pertaining to metrology.

Metrology

Me*trol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -m\'82trologie.] The science of, or a system of, weights and measures; also, a treatise on the subject.

Metromania

Met`ro*ma"ni*a (?), n. [Gr. mania.] A mania for writing verses.

Metromaniac

Met`ro*ma"ni*ac (?), n. One who has metromania.

Metrometer

Me*trom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Med.) An instrument for measuring the size of the womb. Knight.

Metronome

Met"ro*nome (?), n. [Gr. m\'82tronome, It. metronomo.] An instrument consisting of a short pendulum with a sliding weight. It is set in motion by clockwork, and serves to measure time in music.

Metronomy

Me*tron"o*my (?), n. [See Metronome.] Measurement of time by an instrument.

Metronymic

Met`ro*nym"ic (?), a. [Gr. Derived from the name of one's mother, or other female ancestor; as, a metronymic name or appellation. -- A metronymic appellation.

Metropole

Met"ro*pole (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82tropole. See Metropolis.] A metropolis. [Obs.] Holinshed.

Metropolis

Me*trop"o*lis (?), n. [L. metropolis, Gr. Mother, and Police.]

1. The mother city; the chief city of a kingdom, state, or country.

[Edinburgh] gray metropolis of the North. Tennyson.

2. (Eccl.) The seat, or see, of the metropolitan, or highest church dignitary.

The great metropolis and see of Rome. Shak.

Metropolitan

Met`ro*pol"i*tan (?; 277), a. [L. metropolitanus: cf. F. m\'82tropolitain.]

1. Of or pertaining to the capital or principal city of a country; as, metropolitan luxury.

2. (Eccl.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a metropolitan or the presiding bishop of a country or province, his office, or his dignity; as, metropolitan authority. "Bishops metropolitan." Sir T. More.

Metropolitan

Met`ro*pol"i*tan, n. [LL. metropolitanus.]

1. The superior or presiding bishop of a country or province.

2. (Lat. Church.) An archbishop.

3. (Gr. Church) A bishop whose see is civil metropolis. His rank is intermediate between that of an archbishop and a patriarch. Hook.

Metropolitanate

Met`ro*pol"i*tan*ate (?), n. The see of a metropolitan bishop. Milman.

Metropolite

Me*trop"o*lite (?), n. [L. metropolita, Gr. A metropolitan. Barrow.

Metropolitical

Met`ro*po*lit"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a metropolis; being a metropolis; metropolitan; as, the metropolitical chair. Bp. Hall.

Metrorrhagia

Met`ror*rha"gi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Profuse bleeding from the womb, esp. such as does not occur at the menstrual period.

Metroscope

Met"ro*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] A modification of the stethoscope, for directly auscultating the uterus from the vagina.

Metrosideros

Met`ro*si*de"ros (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A myrtaceous genus of trees or shrubs, found in Australia and the South Sea Islands, and having very hard wood. Metrosideros vera is the true ironwood.

Metrotome

Met"ro*tome (?), n. [See Metrotomy.] (Surg.) An instrument for cutting or scarifying the uterus or the neck of the uterus.

Metrotomy

Me*trot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. m\'82trotomie.] (Surg.) The operation of cutting into the uterus; hysterotomy; the C\'91sarean section.

-metry

-me*try (?). [See -meter.] A suffix denoting the art, process, or science, of measuring; as, acidmetry, chlorometry, chronometry.

Mette

Mette (?), obs. imp. of Mete, to dream. Chaucer.

Mettle

Met"tle (?), n. [E. metal, used in a tropical sense in allusion to the temper of the metal of a sword blade. See Metal.] Substance or quality of temperament; spirit, esp. as regards honor, courage, fortitude, ardor, etc.; disposition; -- usually in a good sense.
A certain critical hour which shall... try what mettle his heart is made of. South.
Gentlemen of brave mettle. Shak.
The winged courser, like a generous horse, Shows most true mettle when you check his course. Pope.
To put one one's mettle, to cause or incite one to use one's best efforts.

Mettled

Met"tled (?), a. Having mettle; high-spirited; ardent; full of fire. Addison.

Mettlesome

Met"tle*some (?), a. Full of spirit; possessing constitutional ardor; fiery; as, a mettlesome horse. -- Met"tle*some*ly, adv. -- Met"tle*some*ness, n.

Meute

Meute (?), n. A cage for hawks; a mew. See 4th Mew, 1. Milman.

Meve

Meve (?), v. t. & i. To move. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mew

Mew (?), n. [AS. m, akin to D. meeuw, G. m\'94we, OHG. m, Icel. m\'ber.] (Zo\'94l.) A gull, esp. the common British species (Larus canus); called also sea mew, maa, mar, mow, and cobb.

Mew

Mew, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mewed; p. pr. & vb. n. Mewing.] [OE. muen, F. muer, fr. L. mutare to change, fr. movere to move. See Move, and cf. Mew a cage, Molt.] To shed or cast; to change; to molt; as, the hawk mewed his feathers.
Nine times the moon had mewed her horns. Dryden.

Mew

Mew, v. i. To cast the feathers; to molt; hence, to change; to put on a new appearance.
Now everything doth mew, And shifts his rustic winter robe. Turbervile.

Mew

Mew, n. [OE. mue, F. mue change of feathers, scales, skin, the time or place when the change occurs, fr. muer to molt, mew, L. mutare to change. See 2d Mew.]

1. A cage for hawks while mewing; a coop for fattening fowls; hence, any inclosure; a place of confinement or shelter; -- in the latter sense usually in the plural.

Full many a fat partrich had he in mewe. Chaucer.
Forthcoming from her darksome mew. Spenser.
Violets in their secret mews. Wordsworth.

2. A stable or range of stables for horses; -- compound used in the plural, and so called from the royal stables in London, built on the site of the king's mews for hawks.

Mew

Mew, v. t. [From Mew a cage.] To shut up; to inclose; to confine, as in a cage or other inclosure.
More pity that the eagle should be mewed. Shak.
Close mewed in their sedans, for fear of air. Dryden.

Mew

Mew, v. i. [Of imitative origin; cf. G. miauen.] To cry as a cat. [Written also meaw, meow.] Shak.

Mew

Mew, n. The common cry of a cat. Shak.

Mewl

Mewl (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Mewled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mewling.] [Cf. F. miauler to mew, E. mew to cry as a cat. Cf. Miaul.] To cry, as a young child; to squall. [Written also meawl.] Shak.

Mewler

Mewl"er (?), n. One that mewls.

Mews

Mews (?), n. sing. & pl. [Prop. pl. of mew. See Mew a cage.] An alley where there are stables; a narrow passage; a confined place. [Eng.]
Mr. Turveydrop's great room... was built out into a mews at the back. Dickens.

Mexal, Mexical

Mex*al" (?), Mex"i*cal (#)
, n. [Sp. mexcal.] See Mescal.

Mexican

Mex"i*can (?), a. Of or pertaining to Mexico or its people. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Mexico. Mexican poppy (Bot.), a tropical American herb of the Poppy family (Argemone Mexicana) with much the look of a thistle, but having large yellow or white blossoms. -- Mexican tea (Bot.), an aromatic kind of pigweed from tropical America (Chenopodium ambrosioides).

Mexicanize

Mex"i*can*ize (?), v. t. To cause to be like the Mexicans, or their country, esp. in respect of frequent revolutions of government.

Mexicanize

Mex"i*can*ize, v. i. To become like the Mexicans, or their country or government.

Neyne

Neyn"e (?), n. [Obs.] Same as Meine.

Mezcal

Mez*cal" (?), n. Same as Mescal.

Mezereon

Me*ze"re*on (?), n. [F. m\'82z\'82r\'82on, Per. m\'bezriy&umac;n.] (Bot.) A small European shrub (Daphne Mezereum), whose acrid bark is used in medicine.

Mezquita

Mez*qui"ta (?), n. [Sp.] A mosque.

Mezuzoth

Mez"u*zoth (?), n. [Heb. m&ecr;z&umac;z&omac;th, pl. of m&ecr;z&umac;z\'beh doorpost.] A piece of parchment bearing the Decalogue and attached to the doorpost; -- in use among orthodox Hebrews.<-- now mezuzah or mezuzah, used for the scroll together with the case in which it is contained -->

Mezzanine

Mez"za*nine (?), n. [F. mezzanine, It. mezzanino, fr. mezzano middle, fr. mezzo middle, half. See Mezzo.] (Arch.) (a) Same as Entresol. (b) A partial story which is not on the same level with the story of the main part of the edifice, as of a back building, where the floors are on a level with landings of the staircase of the main house.

Mezza voce

Mez"za vo"ce (?). [It., fr. mezzo, fem. mezza middle, half + voce voice, L. vox.] (Mus.) With a medium fullness of sound.

Mezzo

Mez"zo (?), a. [It., from L. medius middle, half. See Mid, a.] (Mus.) Mean; not extreme.

Mezzo-relievo

Mez"zo-re*lie"vo (?), n. Mezzo-rilievo.

Mezzo-rilievo

Mez"zo-ri*lie"vo (?), n. [It.] (a) A middle degree of relief in figures, between high and low relief. (b) Sculpture in this kind of relief. See under Alto-rilievo.

Mezzo-soprano

Mez"zo-so*pra"no (?), a. (Mus.) Having a medium compass between the soprano and contralto; -- said of the voice of a female singer. -- n. (a) A mezzo-soprano voice. (b) A person having such a voice.

Mezzotint

Mez"zo*tint (?), n. [Cf. F. mezzo-tinto.] A manner of engraving on copper or steel by drawing upon a surface previously roughened, and then removing the roughness in places by scraping, burnishing, etc., so as to produce the requisite light and shade. Also, an engraving so produced.

Mezzotint

Mez"zo*tint, v. t. To engrave in mezzotint.

Mezzotinter

Mez"zo*tint`er (?), n. One who engraves in mezzotint.

Mezzotinto

Mez`zo*tin"to (?), n. [It. mezzo half + tinto tinted, p. p. of tingere to dye, color, tinge, L. tingere. See Mezzo.] Mezzotint.

Mezzotinto

Mez`zo*tin"to, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mezzotintoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mezzotintoing (?).] To engrave in mezzotint; to represent by mezzotint.

Mhorr

Mhorr (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Mohr.

Mi

Mi (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) A syllable applied to the third tone of the scale of C, i. e., to E, in European solmization, but to the third tone of any scale in the American system.

Miamis

Mi*a"mis (?), n. pl.; sing. Miami (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians that formerly occupied the country between the Wabash and Maumee rivers.

Miargyrite

Mi*ar"gy*rite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A mineral of an iron-black color, and very sectile, consisting principally of sulphur, antimony, and silver.

Mias

Mi"as (?), n. [Malayan.] The orang-outang.

Miascite

Mi*asc"ite (?), n. [Named from Miask, in the Ural Mountains.] (Min.) A granitoid rock containing feldspar, biotite, el\'91olite, and sodalite.

Miasm

Mi"asm (?), n. [Cf. F. miasme.] Miasma.

Miasma

Mi*as"ma (?), n.; pl. Miasmata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. Infectious particles or germs floating in the air; air made noxious by the presence of such particles or germs; noxious effluvia; malaria.

Miasmal

Mi*as"mal (?), a. Containing miasma; miasmatic.

Miasmatic, Miasmatical

Mi`as*mat"ic (?), Mi`as*mat"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. miasmatique.] Containing, or relating to, miasma; caused by miasma; as, miasmatic diseases.

Miasmatist

Mi*as"ma*tist (?), n. One who has made a special study of miasma.

Miasmology

Mi`as*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Miasma + -logy.] That department of medical science which treats of miasma.

Miaul

Mi*aul" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Miauled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Miauling.] [Cf. F. miauler, of imitative origin, and E. mew. Cf. Mewl.] To cry as a cat; to mew; to caterwaul. Sir W. Scott.

Miaul

Mi*aul", n. The crying of a cat.

Mica

Mi"ca (?), n. [L. mica crumb, grain, particle; cf. F. mica.] (Min.) The name of a group of minerals characterized by highly perfect cleavage, so that they readily separate into very thin leaves, more or less elastic. They differ widely in composition, and vary in color from pale brown or yellow to green or black. The transparent forms are used in lanterns, the doors of stoves, etc., being popularly called isinglass. Formerly called also cat-silver, and glimmer. &hand; The important species of the mica group are: muscovite, common or potash mica, pale brown or green, often silvery, including damourite (also called hydromica); biotite, iron-magnesia mica, dark brown, green, or black; lepidomelane, iron, mica, black; phlogopite, magnesia mica, colorless, yellow, brown; lepidolite, lithia mica, rose-red, lilac. Mica (usually muscovite, also biotite) is an essential constituent of granite, gneiss, and mica slate; biotite is common in many eruptive rocks; phlogopite in crystalline limestone and serpentine. Mica diorite (Min.), an eruptive rock allied to diorite but containing mica (biotite) instead of hornblende. -- Mica powder, a kind of dynamite containing fine scales of mica. -- Mica schist, Mica slate (Geol.), a schistose rock, consisting of mica and quartz with, usually, some feldspar.

Micaceo-calcareous

Mi*ca`ce*o-cal*ca"re*ous (?), a. (Geol.) Partaking of the nature of, or consisting of, mica and lime; -- applied to a mica schist containing carbonate of lime.

Micaceous

Mi*ca"ceous (?), a. [Cf. F. micac\'82.] Pertaining to, or containing, mica; splitting into lamin\'91 or leaves like mica.

Mice

Mice (?), n., pl of Mouse.

Micella

Mi*cel"la (?), n.; pl. Micell\'91 (#). [NL., dim. of L. mica a morsel, grain.] (Biol.) A theoretical aggregation of molecules constituting a structural particle of protoplasm, capable of increase or diminution without change in chemical nature.

Mich, Miche

Mich, Miche (?), v. i. [OE. michen; cf. OE. muchier, mucier, to conceal, F. musser, and OHG. m&umac;hhen to waylay. Cf. Micher, Curmudgeon, Muset.] To lie hid; to skulk; to act, or carry one's self, sneakingly. [Obs. or Colloq.] [Written also meach and meech.] Spenser.

Michaelmas

Mich"ael*mas (?), n. [Michael + mass religious service; OE. Mighelmesse.] The feat of the archangel Michael, a church festival, celebrated on the 29th of September. Hence, colloquially, autumn. Michaelmas daisy. (Bot.) See under Daisy.

Micher

Mich"er (?), n. [OE. michare, muchare. See Mich.] One who skulks, or keeps out of sight; hence, a truant; an idler; a thief, etc. [Obs.] Shak.

Michery

Mich"er*y (?), n. Theft; cheating. [Obs.] Gower.

Miching

Mich"ing, a. Hiding; skulking; cowardly. [Colloq.] [Written also meaching and meeching.]
Page 921

Mickle

Mic"kle (?), a. [OE. mikel, muchel, mochel, mukel, AS. micel, mycel; akin to OS. mikil, OHG. mihil, mihhil, Icel. mikill, mykill, Goth. mikils, L. magnus, Gr. mahat. &root;103. Cf. Much, Muckle, Magnitude.] Much; great. [Written also muckle and mockle.] [Old Eng. & Scot.] "A man of mickle might." Spenser.

Micmacs

Mic"macs (?), n. pl.; sing. Micmac (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians inhabiting Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. [Written also Mikmaks.]

Mico

Mi"co (?), n. [Sp. or Pg. mico.] (Zo\'94l.) A small South American monkey (Mico melanurus), allied to the marmoset. The name was originally applied to an albino variety.

Micracoustic

Mi`cra*cous"tic (?), a. Same as Microustic.

Micraster

Mi*cras"ter (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of sea urchins, similar to Spatangus, abounding in the chalk formation; -- from the starlike disposal of the ambulacral furrows.

Micrencephalous

Mi`cren*ceph"a*lous (?), [Micr- + Gr. Having a small brain.

Micro-, Micr-

Mi"cro- (?), Mi"cr-. [Gr. A combining form signifying: (a) Small, little, trivial, slight; as, microcosm, microscope. (b) (Metric System, Elec., Mech., etc.) A millionth part of; as, microfarad, microohm, micrometer.

Microamp\'8are

Mi`cro*am`p\'8are" (?), n. [Micr- + amp\'8are.] (Elec.) One of the smaller measures of electrical currents; the millionth part of one amp\'8are.

Microbacteria

Mi`cro*bac*te"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Micro-, and Bacterium.] (Biol.) In the classification of Cohn, one of the four tribes of Bacteria. &hand; In this classification bacteria are divided into four tribes: 1. Spherobacteria, or spherical bacteria, as the genus Micrococcus. 2. Microbacteria, or bacteria in the form of short rods, including the genus Bacterium. 3. Desmobacteria, or bacteria in straight filaments, of which the genus Bacillus is a type. 4. Spirobacteria, or bacteria in spiral filaments, as the genus Vibrio.

Microbe, Microbion

Mi"crobe (?), Mi*cro"bi*on (?), n. [NL. microbion, fr. Gr. (Biol.) A microscopic organism; -- particularly applied to bacteria and especially to pathogenic forms; as, the microbe of fowl cholera.

Microbian

Mi*cro"bi*an (?), a. (Biol.) Of, pertaining to, or caused by, microbes; as, the microbian theory; a microbian disease.

Microbic

Mi*crob"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to a microbe.

Microbicide

Mi*crob"i*cide (?), n. [Microbe + L. caedere to kill.] (Biol.) Any agent detrimental to, or destructive of, the life of microbes or bacterial organisms.

Microcephalic, Microcephalous

Mi`cro*ce*phal"ic (?), Mi`cro*ceph"a*lous (?), a. [Micro- + cephalic, cephalous.] (Anat.) Having a small head; having the cranial cavity small; -- opposed to megacephalic.

Micro-chemical

Mi`cro-chem"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to micro-chemistry; as, a micro-chemical test.

Micro-chemistry

Mi`cro-chem"is*try (?), n. [Micro- + chemistry.] The application of chemical tests to minute objects or portions of matter, magnified by the use of the microscopy; -- distinguished from macro-chemistry.

Microchronometer

Mi`cro*chro*nom"e*ter (?), n. A chronoscope.

Microcline

Mi"cro*cline (?), n. [Micro- + Gr. (Min.) A mineral of the feldspar group, like orthoclase or common feldspar in composition, but triclinic in form.

Micrococcal

Mi`cro*coc"cal (?), a. Of or pertaining to micrococci; caused by micrococci. Nature.

Micrococcus

Mi`cro*coc"cus (?), n.; pl. Micrococci (#). [NL. See Micro-, and Coccus.] (Biol.) A genus of Spherobacteria, in the form of very small globular or oval cells, forming, by transverse division, filaments, or chains of cells, or in some cases single organisms shaped like dumb-bells (Diplococcus), all without the power of motion. See Illust. of Ascoccus. &hand; Physiologically, micrococci are divided into three groups; chromogenic, characterized by their power of forming pigment; zymogenic, including those associated with definite chemical processes; and pathogenic, those connected with disease.

Microcosm

Mi"cro*cosm (?), n. [F. microcosme, L. microcosmus, fr. Gr. A little world; a miniature universe. Hence (so called by Paracelsus), a man, as a supposed epitome of the exterior universe or great world. Opposed to macrocosm. Shak.

Microcosmic, Microcosmical

Mi`cro*cos"mic (?), Mi`cro*cos"mic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. microcosmique.] Of or pertaining to the microcosm. Microcosmic salt (Chem.), a white crystalline substance obtained by mixing solutions of sodium phosphate and ammonium phosphate, and also called hydric-sodic-ammonic-phosphate. It is a powerful flux, and is used as a substitute for borax as a blowpipe reagent in testing for the metallic oxides. Originally obtained by the alchemists from human urine, and called sal microcosmicum.

Microcosmography

Mi`cro*cos*mog"ra*phy (?), n. [Microcosm + -graphy.] Description of man as a microcosm.

Microcoulomb

Mi`cro*cou`lomb" (?), n. [Micro- + coulomb.] (Elec.) A measure of electrical quantity; the millionth part of one coulomb.

Microcoustic

Mi`cro*cous"tic (?), a. [Micro- + acoustic: cf. F. microcoustique, micracoustique.] Pertaining, or suited, to the audition of small sounds; fitted to assist hearing.

Microcoustic

Mi`cro*cous"tic, n. An instrument for making faint sounds audible, as to a partially deaf person.

Microcrith

Mi`cro*crith" (?), n. [Micro- + crith.] (Chem.) The weight of the half hydrogen molecule, or of the hydrogen atom, taken as the standard in comparing the atomic weights of the elements; thus, an atom of oxygen weighs sixteen microcriths. See Crith. J. P. Cooke.

Microcrystalline

Mi`cro*crys"tal*line (?), a. [Micro- + crystalline.] (Crystallog.) Crystalline on a fine, or microscopic, scale; consisting of fine crystals; as, the ground mass of certain porphyrics is microcrystalline.

Microcyte

Mi"cro*cyte (?), n. [Micro- + Gr. (Physiol.) One of the elementary granules found in blood. They are much smaller than an ordinary corpuscle, and are particularly noticeable in disease, as in an\'91mia.

Microdont

Mic"ro*dont (?), a. [Micr- + Gr. (Anat.) Having small teeth.

Microfarad

Mi`cro*far"ad (?), n. [Micro- + farad.] (Elec.) The millionth part of a farad.

Microform

Mi"cro*form (?), n. [Micro- + form, n.] (Biol.) A microscopic form of life; an animal or vegetable organism microscopic size.

Micro-geological

Mi`cro-ge`o*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to micro-geology.

Micro-geology

Mi`cro-ge*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Micro- + geology.] The part of geology relating to structure and organisms which require to be studied with a microscope.

Micrograph

Mi"cro*graph (?), n. [See Micrography.] An instrument for executing minute writing or engraving.

Micrographic

Mi`cro*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to micrography.

Micrography

Mi*crog"ra*phy (?), n. [Micro- + -graphy: cf. F. micrographie.] The description of microscopic objects.

Microhm

Mi*crohm" (?), n. [Micr- + ohm.] (Elec.) The millionth part of an ohm.

Microlepidoptera

Mi`cro*lep`i*dop"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Micro-, and Lepidoptera.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of Lepidoptera, including a vast number of minute species, as the plume moth, clothes moth, etc.

Microlestes

Mi`cro*les"tes (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct genus of small Triassic mammals, the oldest yet found in European strata.

Microlite

Mi"cro*lite (?), n. [Micro- + -lite.] (Min.)

1. A rare mineral of resinous luster and high specific gravity. It is a tantalate of calcium, and occurs in octahedral crystals usually very minute.

2. (Min.) A minute inclosed crystal, often observed when minerals or rocks are examined in thin sections under the microscope.

Microlith

Mi"cro*lith (?), n. [Micro- + lith.] (Min.) Same as Microlite, 2.

Microlithic

Mi`cro*lith"ic (?), a. Formed of small stones.

Micrologic, Micrological

Mi`cro*log"ic (?), Mi`cro*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to micrology; very minute; as, micrologic examination. -- Mi`cro*log"ic*al*ly, adv.<-- pref. = microscopic -->

Micrology

Mi*crol"o*gy (?), n. [Micro- + -logy.]

1. That part of science which treats of microscopic objects, or depends on microscopic observation.

2. Attention to petty items or differences. W. Taylor.

Micromere

Mi"cro*mere (?), n. [Micro- + -mere.] (Biol.) One of the smaller cells, or blastomeres, resulting from the complete segmentation of a telolecithal ovum.

Micrometer

Mi*crom"e*ter (?), n. [Micro- + -meter: cf. F. microm\'8atre.] An instrument, used with a telescope or microscope, for measuring minute distances, or the apparent diameters of objects which subtend minute angles. The measurement given directly is that of the image of the object formed at the focus of the object glass. Circular, ∨ Ring, micrometer, a metallic ring fixed in the focus of the object glass of a telescope, and used to determine differences of right ascension and declination between stars by observations of the times at which the stars cross the inner or outer periphery of the ring. -- Double image micrometer, a micrometer in which two images of an object are formed in the field, usually by the two halves of a bisected lens which are movable along their line of section by a screw, and distances are determined by the number of screw revolutions necessary to bring the points to be measured into optical coincidence. When the two images are formed by a bisected objects glass, it is called a divided-object-glass micrometer, and when the instrument is large and equatorially mounted, it is known as a heliometer. -- Double refraction micrometer, a species of double image micrometer, in which the two images are formed by the double refraction of rock crystal. -- Filar, ∨ Bifilar, micrometer. See under Bifilar. -- Micrometer caliper ∨ gauge (Mech.), a caliper or gauge with a micrometer screw, for measuring dimensions with great accuracy. -- Micrometer head, the head of a micrometer screw. -- Micrometer microscope, a compound microscope combined with a filar micrometer, used chiefly for reading and subdividing the divisions of large astronomical and geodetical instruments. -- Micrometer screw, a screw with a graduated head used in some forms of micrometers. -- Position micrometer. See under Position. -- Scale, ∨ Linear, micrometer, a minute and very delicately graduated scale of equal parts used in the field of a telescope or microscope, for measuring distances by direct comparison.

Micrometric, Micrometrical

Mi`cro*met"ric (?), Mi`cro*met"ric*al (?), a. [Cf. F. microm\'82trique.] Belonging to micrometry; made by the micrometer. -- Mi`cro*met"ric*al*ly, adv.

Micrometry

Mi*crom"e*try (?), n. The art of measuring with a micrometer.

Micromillimeter

Mi`cro*mil"li*me`ter (?), n. [Micro- + millimeter.] The millionth part of a meter.

Micron

Mic"ron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Physics) A measure of length; the thousandth part of one millimeter; the millionth part of a meter.

Micronesian

Mi"cro*ne"sian (?), a. [From Micronesia, fr. Gr. Of or pertaining to Micronesia, a collective designation of the islands in the western part of the Pacific Ocean, embracing the Marshall and Gilbert groups, the Ladrones, the Carolines, etc.

Micronesians

Mi`cro*ne"sians (?), n. pl.; sing. Micronesian. (Ethnol.) A dark race inhabiting the Micronesian Islands. They are supposed to be a mixed race, derived from Polynesians and Papuans.

Micronometer

Mi`cro*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Micro- + chronometer.] An instrument for noting minute portions of time.

Micro\'94rganism

Mi`cro*\'94r"gan*ism (?), n. [Micro- + organism.] (Biol.) Any microscopic form of life; -- particularly applied to bacteria and similar organisms, esp. such are supposed to cause infectious diseases.

Micropantograph

Mi`cro*pan"to*graph (?), n. [Micro- + pantograph.] A kind of pantograph which produces copies microscopically minute.

Micropegmatite

Mi`cro*peg"ma*tite (?), n. [Micro- + pegmatite.] (Min.) A rock showing under the microscope the structure of a graphic granite (pegmatite). -- Mi`cro*peg`ma*tit"ic (#), a.

Microphone

Mi"cro*phone (?), n. [Micro- + Gr. microphone.] (Physics) An instrument for intensifying and making audible very feeble sounds. It produces its effects by the changes of intensity in an electric current, occasioned by the variations in the contact resistance of conducting bodies, especially of imperfect conductors, under the action of acoustic vibrations.

Microphonics

Mi`cro*phon"ics (?), n. [See Microphone.] The science which treats of the means of increasing the intensity of low or weak sounds, or of the microphone.

Microphonous

Mi*croph"o*nous (?), a. Serving to augment the intensity of weak sounds; microcoustic.

Microphotograph

Mi`cro*pho"to*graph (?), n. [Micro- + photograph.]

1. A microscopically small photograph of a picture, writing, printed page, etc.

2. An enlarged representation of a microscopic object, produced by throwing upon a sensitive plate the magnified image of an object formed by a microscope or other suitable combination of lenses. &hand; A picture of this kind is preferably called a photomicrograph.

Microphotography

Mi`cro*pho*tog"ra*phy (?), n. The art of making microphotographs.

Microphthalmia, Microphthalmy

Mi`croph*thal"mi*a (?), Mi`croph*thal"my (?), n. [Micro- + Gr. An unnatural smallness of the eyes, occurring as the result of disease or of imperfect development.

Microphyllous

Mi*croph"yl*lous (?), a. [Micro- + Gr. (Bot.) Small-leaved.

Microphytal

Mi*croph"y*tal (?), a. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or of the nature of, microphytes.

Microphyte

Mi"cro*phyte (?), n. [Micro- + Gr. microphyte.] (Bot.) A very minute plant, one of certain unicellular alg\'91, such as the germs of various infectious diseases are believed to be.

Micropyle

Mi"cro*pyle (?), n. [Micro- + Gr. micropyle.] (Biol.) (a) An opening in the membranes surrounding the ovum, by which nutrition is assisted and the entrance of the spermatozoa permitted. (b) An opening in the outer coat of a seed, through which the fecundating pollen enters the ovule. -- Mi*crop"y*lar (#), a.

Microscopal

Mi*cros"co*pal (?), a. Pertaining to microscopy, or to the use of the microscope. Huxley.

Microscope

Mi"cro*scope (?), n. [Micro- + -scope.] An optical instrument, consisting of a lens, or combination of lenses, for making an enlarged image of an object which is too minute to be viewed by the naked eye. Compound microscope, an instrument consisting of a combination of lenses such that the image formed by the lens or set of lenses nearest the object (called the objective) is magnified by another lens called the ocular or eyepiece. -- Oxyhydrogen microscope, and Solar microscope. See under Oxyhydrogen, and Solar. -- Simple, ∨ Single, microscope, a single convex lens used to magnify objects placed in its focus.

Microscopial

Mi`cro*sco"pi*al (?), a. Microscopic. [R.] Berkeley.

Microscopic, Microscopical

Mi`cro*scop"ic (?), Mi`cro*scop"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. microscopique.]

1. Of or pertaining to the microscope or to microscopy; made with a microscope; as, microscopic observation.

2. Able to see extremely minute objects.

Why has not man a microscopic eye? Pope.

3. Very small; visible only by the aid of a microscope; as, a microscopic insect.

Microscopically

Mi`cro*scop"ic*al*ly, adv. By the microscope; with minute inspection; in a microscopic manner.

Microscopist

Mi*cros"co*pist (?; 277), n. One skilled in, or given to, microscopy.

Microscopy

Mi*cros"co*py (?), n. The use of the microscope; investigation with the microscope.

Microseme

Mi"cro*seme (?), a. [Micro- + Gr. micros\'8ame.] (Anat.) Having the orbital index relatively small; having the orbits broad transversely; -- opposed to megaseme.
Page 922

Microspectroscope

Mi`cro*spec"tro*scope (?), n. [Micro- + spectroscope.] (Physics) A spectroscope arranged for attachment to a microscope, for observation of the spectrum of light from minute portions of any substance.

Microsporangium

Mi`cro*spo*ran"gi*um (?), n. [NL. See Micro-, and Sporangium.] (Bot.) A sporangium or conceptacle containing only very minute spores. Cf. Macrosporangium.

Microspore

Mi"cro*spore (?), n. [Micro- + spore.] (Bot.) One of the exceedingly minute spores found in certain flowerless plants, as Selaginella and Isoetes, which bear two kinds of spores, one very much smaller than the other. Cf. Macrospore.

Microsporic

Mi`cro*spor"ic (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to microspores.

Microsthene

Mi"cro*sthene (?), n. [Micro- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of a group of mammals having a small size as a typical characteristic. It includes the lower orders, as the Insectivora, Cheiroptera, Rodentia, and Edentata.

Microsthenic

Mi`cro*sthen"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a typically small size; of or pertaining to the microsthenes.

Microtasimeter

Mi`cro*ta*sim"e*ter (?), n. [Micro- + ta.] (Physics) A tasimeter, especially when arranged for measuring very small extensions. See Tasimeter.

Microtome

Mi"cro*tome (?), n. [Micro- + Gr. An instrument for making very thin sections for microscopical examination.

Microomist

Mi*cro"o*mist (?), n. One who is skilled in or practices microtomy.

Microomy

Mi*cro"o*my (?), n. The art of using the microtome; investigation carried on with the microtome.

Microvolt

Mi`cro*volt" (?), n. [Micro- + volt.] (Elec.) A measure of electro-motive force; the millionth part of one volt.

Microweber

Mi`cro*we"ber (?), n. [Micro- + weber.] (Elec.) The millionth part of one weber.

Microzoa

Mi`cro*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The Infusoria.

Microzo\'94spore

Mi`cro*zo"\'94*spore (?), n. [Micro- + zo\'94spore.] (Bot.) A small motile spore furnished with two vibratile cilia, found in certain green alg\'91.

Microzyme

Mi"cro*zyme (?), n. [Micro- + Gr. (Biol.) A micro\'94rganism which is supposed to act like a ferment in causing or propagating certain infectious or contagious diseases; a pathogenic bacterial organism.

Micturition

Mic`tu*ri"tion (?), n. [L. micturire to desire to make water, v. desid. fr. mingere, mictum, to make water.] The act of voiding urine; also, a morbidly frequent passing of the urine, in consequence of disease.

Mid

Mid (?), a. [Compar. wanting; superl. Midmost.] [AS. midd; akin to OS. middi, D. mid (in comp.), OHG. mitti, Icel. mi, Goth. midjis, L. medius, Gr. madhya. Amid, Middle, Midst, Mean, Mediate, Meridian, Mizzen, Moiety.]

1. Denoting the middle part; as, in mid ocean.

No more the mounting larks, while Daphne sings, Shall list'ning in mid air suspend their wings. Pope.

2. Occupying a middle position; middle; as, the mid finger; the mid hour of night.

3. (Phon.) Made with a somewhat elevated position of some certain part of the tongue, in relation to the palate; midway between the high and the low; -- said of certain vowel sounds; as, \'be (\'bele), &ecr; (&ecr;ll), &omac; (&omac;ld). See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 10, 11. &hand; Mid is much used as a prefix, or combining form, denoting the middle or middle part of a thing; as, mid-air, mid-channel, mid-age, midday, midland, etc. Also, specifically, in geometry, to denote a circle inscribed in a triangle (a midcircle), or relation to such a circle; as, mid-center, midradius.

Mid

Mid, n. Middle. [Obs.]
About the mid of night come to my tent. Shak.

Mid

Mid, prep. See Amid.

Mida

Mi"da (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of the bean fly.

Midas

Mi"das (?), n. [So called from L. Midas, a man fabled to have had ass's ears.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of longeared South American monkeys, including numerous species of marmosets. See Marmoset.

Midas's ear

Mi"das's ear" (?). [See Midas.] (Zo\'94l.) A pulmonate mollusk (Auricula, ∨ Ellobium, aurismid\'91); -- so called from resemblance to a human ear.

Midbrain

Mid"brain` (?), n. [Mid, a. + brain.] (Anat.) The middle segment of the brain; the mesencephalon. See Brain.

Midday

Mid"day` (?), n. [AS. midd\'91g. See Mid, a., and Day.] The middle part of the day; noon.

Midday

Mid"day`, a. Of or pertaining to noon; meridional; as, the midday sun.

Midden

Mid"den (?), n. [Also midding.] [Cf. Dan. m\'94gdynge, E. muck, and dung.]

1. A dunghill. [Prov. Eng.]

2. An accumulation of refuse about a dwelling place; especially, an accumulation of shells or of cinders, bones, and other refuse on the supposed site of the dwelling places of prehistoric tribes, -- as on the shores of the Baltic Sea and in many other places. See Kitchen middens.

Midden crow

Mid"den crow" (?). (Zo\'94l.) The common European crow. [Prov. Eng.]

Middest

Mid"dest (?), a.; superl. of Mid. [See Midst.] Situated most nearly in the middle; middlemost; midmost. [Obs.] " 'Mongst the middest crowd." Spenser.

Middest

Mid"dest, n. Midst; middle. [Obs.] Fuller.

Midding

Mid"ding (?), n. Same as Midden.

Middle

Mid"dle (?), a. [OE. middel, AS. middel; akin to D. middel, OHG. muttil, G. mittel. Mid, a.]

1. Equally distant from the extreme either of a number of things or of one thing; mean; medial; as, the middle house in a row; a middle rank or station in life; flowers of middle summer; men of middle age.

2. Intermediate; intervening.

Will, seeking good, finds many middle ends. Sir J. Davies.
&hand; Middle is sometimes used in the formation of selfexplaining compounds; as, middle-sized, middle-witted. Middle Ages, the period of time intervening between the decline of the Roman Empire and the revival of letters. Hallam regards it as beginning with the sixth and ending with the fifteenth century. -- Middle class, in England, people who have an intermediate position between the aristocracy and the artisan class. It includes professional men, bankers, merchants, and small landed proprietors
The middle-class electorate of Great Britain. M. Arnold.
-- Middle distance. (Paint.) See Middle-ground. -- Middle English. See English, n., 2. -- Middle Kingdom, China. -- Middle oil (Chem.), that part of the distillate obtained from coal tar which passes over between 170° and 230° Centigrade; -- distinguished from the light, and the heavy or dead, oil. -- Middle passage, in the slave trade, that part of the Atlantic Ocean between Africa and the West Indies. -- Middle post. (Arch.) Same as King-post. -- Middle States, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware; which, at the time of the formation of the Union, occupied a middle position between the Eastern States (or New England) and the Southern States. [U.S.] -- Middle term (Logic), that term of a syllogism with which the two extremes are separately compared, and by means of which they are brought together in the conclusion. Brande. -- Middle tint (Paint.), a subdued or neutral tint. Fairholt. -- Middle voice. (Gram.) See under Voice. -- Middle watch, the period from midnight to four A. M.; also, the men on watch during that time. Ham. Nav. Encyc. -- Middle weight, a pugilist, boxer, or wrestler classed as of medium weight, i. e., over 140 and not over 160 lbs., in distinction from those classed as light weights, heavy weights, etc.

Middle

Mid"dle (?), n. [AS. middel. See Middle, a.] The point or part equally distant from the extremities or exterior limits, as of a line, a surface, or a solid; an intervening point or part in space, time, or order of series; the midst; central portion; specif., the waist. Chaucer. "The middle of the land." Judg. ix. 37.
In this, as in most questions of state, there is a middle. Burke.
Syn. -- See Midst.

Middle-age

Mid"dle-age` (?), [Middle + age. Cf. Medi\'91val.] Of or pertaining to the Middle Ages; medi\'91val.

Middle-aged

Mid"dle-aged` (?), a. Being about the middle of the ordinary age of man; between 30 and 50 years old.<-- now considered as 40 to 60 [MW10]!! -->

Middle-earth

Mid"dle-earth` (?), n. The world, considered as lying between heaven and hell. [Obs.]<-- a land in Tolkien's "Hobbit" and "Ring" books --> Shak.

Middle-ground

Mid"dle-ground` (?), n. (Paint.) That part of a picture between the foreground and the background.

Middleman

Mid"dle*man (?), n.; pl. Middlemen (.

1. An agent between two parties; a broker; a go-between; any dealer between the producer and the consumer; in Ireland, one who takes land of the proprietors in large tracts, and then rents it out in small portions to the peasantry.

2. A person of intermediate rank; a commoner.

3. (Mil.) The man who occupies a central position in a file of soldiers.

Middlemost

Mid"dle*most` (?), a. [Cf. Midmost.] Being in the middle, or nearest the middle; midmost.

Middler

Mid"dler (?), n. One of a middle or intermediate class in some schools and seminaries.

Middling

Mid"dling (?), a. Of middle rank, state, size, or quality; about equally distant from the extremes; medium; moderate; mediocre; ordinary. "A town of but middling size." Hallam.
Plainly furnished, as beseemed the middling circumstances of its inhabitants. Hawthorne.
-- Mid"dling*ly, adv. -- Mid"dling*ness, n.

Middlings

Mid"dlings (?), n. pl.

1. A combination of the coarser parts of ground wheat the finest bran, separated from the fine flour and coarse bran in bolting; -- formerly regarded as valuable only for feed; but now, after separation of the bran, used for making the best quality of flour. Middlings contain a large proportion of gluten.

2. In the southern and western parts of the United States, the portion of the hog between the ham and the shoulder; bacon; -- called also middles. Bartlett.

Middy

Mid"dy (?), n.; pl. Middies (. A colloquial abbreviation of midshipman.

Midfeather

Mid"feath`er (?), n.

1. (Steam Boilers) A vertical water space in a fire box or combustion chamber.

2. (Mining) A support for the center of a tunnel.

Midgard

Mid"gard` (?), n. [Icel. mi&edh;gar&edh;r.] (Scand. Myth.) The middle space or region between heaven and hell; the abode of human beings; the earth.

Midge

Midge (?), n. [OE. migge, AS. mycge; akin to OS. muggia, D. mug, G. m\'81cke, OHG. mucca, Icel. m, Sw. mygga, mygg, Dan. myg; perh. named from its buzzing; cf. Gr. (Zo\'94l.)

1. Any one of many small, delicate, long-legged flies of the Chironomus, and allied genera, which do not bite. Their larv\'91 are usually aquatic.

2. A very small fly, abundant in many parts of the United States and Canada, noted for the irritating quality of its bite. &hand; The name is also applied to various other small flies. See Wheat midge, under Wheat.

Midget

Midg"et (?), n. [Dim. of midge.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A minute bloodsucking fly. [Local, U. S.]

2. A very diminutive person.

Midgut

Mid"gut` (?), n. [Mid, a. + gut.] (Anat.) The middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine.

Midheaven

Mid"heav`en (?), n.

1. The midst or middle of heaven or the sky.

2. (Astron.) The meridian, or middle line of the heavens; the point of the ecliptic on the meridian.

Midland

Mid"land (?), a.

1. Being in the interior country; distant from the coast or seashore; as, midland towns or inhabitants. Howell.

2. Surrounded by the land; mediterranean.

And on the midland sea the French had awed. Dryden.

Midland

Mid"land (?), n. The interior or central region of a country; -- usually in the plural. Drayton.

Midmain

Mid"main` (?), n. The middle part of the main or sea. [Poetic] Chapman.

Midmost

Mid"most` (?), a. [OE. middemiste. Cf. Foremost.] Middle; middlemost.
Ere night's midmost, stillest hour was past. Byron.

Midnight

Mid"night` (?), n. [AS. midniht.] The middle of the night; twelve o'clock at night.
The iron tongue of midnight hath told twelve. Shak.

Midnight

Mid"night`, a. Being in, or characteristic of, the middle of the night; as, midnight studies; midnight gloom. "Midnight shout and revelry." Milton.

Midrash

Mid*rash" (?), n.; pl. Midrashim (#), Midrashoth (#). [Heb., explanation.] A talmudic exposition of the Hebrew law, or of some part of it.

Midrib

Mid"rib` (?), n. (Bot.) A continuation of the petiole, extending from the base to the apex of the lamina of a leaf.

Midriff

Mid"riff (?), n. [AS. midhrif; midd mid, middle + hrif bowels, womb; akin to OFries. midref midriff, rif, ref, belly, OHG. href body, and to L. corpus body. See Corpse.] (Anat.) See Diaphragm, n., 2.
Smote him into the midriff with a stone. Milton.
<-- no pos in original. Should be n. -->

Mid sea, ∨ Mid-sea

Mid" sea", ∨ Mid"-sea" (?). The middle part of the sea or ocean. Milton. The Mid-sea, the Mediterranean Sea. [Obs.]

Midship

Mid"ship`, a. Of or pertaining to, or being in, the middle of a ship. Midship beam (Naut.), the beam or timber upon which the broadest part of a vessel is formed. -- Midship bend, the broadest frame in a vessel. Weale.

Midshipman

Mid"ship`man (?), n.; pl. Midshipmen (.

1. (a) Formerly, a kind of naval cadet, in a ship of war, whose business was to carry orders, messages, reports, etc., between the officers of the quarter-deck and those of the forecastle, and render other services as required. (b) In the English naval service, the second rank attained by a combatant officer after a term of service as naval cadet. Having served three and a half years in this rank, and passed an examination, he is eligible to promotion to the rank of lieutenant. (c) In the United States navy, the lowest grade of officers in line of promotion, being graduates of the Naval Academy awaiting promotion to the rank of ensign.

2. (Zo\'94l.) An American marine fish of the genus Porichthys, allied to the toadfish. Cadet midshipman, formerly a title distinguishing a cadet line officer from a cadet engineer at the U. S. Naval Academy. See under Cadet. -- Cadet midshipman, formerly, a naval cadet who had served his time, passed his examinations, and was awaiting promotion; -- now called, in the United States, midshipman; in England, sublieutenant.

Midships

Mid"ships`, adv. [For amidships.] (Naut.) In the middle of a ship; -- properly amidships.

Midships

Mid"ships`, n. pl. (Naut.) The timbers at the broadest part of the vessel. R. H. Dana, Jr.

Midst

Midst (?), n. [From middest, in the middest, for older in middes, where -s is adverbial (orig. forming a genitive), or still older a midde, a midden, on midden. See Mid, and cf. Amidst.]

1. The interior or central part or place; the middle; -- used chiefly in the objective case after in; as, in the midst of the forest.

And when the devil had thrown him in the midst, he came out of him. Luke iv. 35.
There is nothing... in the midst [of the play] which might not have been placed in the beginning. Dryden.

2. Hence, figuratively, the condition of being surrounded or beset; the press; the burden; as, in the midst of official duties; in the midst of secular affairs. &hand; The expressions in our midst, in their midst, etc., are avoided by some good writers, the forms in the midst of us, in the midst of them, etc., being preferred. Syn. -- Midst, Middle. Midst in present usage commonly denotes a part or place surrounded on enveloped by or among other parts or objects (see Amidst); while middle is used of the center of length, or surface, or of a solid, etc. We say in the midst of a thicket; in the middle of a line, or the middle of a room; in the midst of darkness; in the middle of the night.

Midst

Midst, prep. In the midst of; amidst. Shak.

Midst

Midst, adv. In the middle. [R.] Milton.

Midsummer

Mid"sum`mer (?), n. [AS. midsumor.] The middle of summer. Shak. Midsummer daisy (Bot.), the oxeye daisy.

Midward

Mid"ward (?), a. Situated in the middle.

Midward

Mid"ward, adv. In or toward the midst.

Midway

Mid"way` (?), n. The middle of the way or distance; a middle way or course. Shak.
Paths indirect, or in the midway faint. Milton.

Midway

Mid"way`, a. Being in the middle of the way or distance; as, the midway air. Shak.

Midway

Mid"way`, adv. In the middle of the way or distance; half way. "She met his glance midway." Dryden.

Midweek

Mid"week` (?), n. The middle of the week. Also used adjectively.

Midwife

Mid"wife` (?), n.; pl. Midwives (#). [OE. midwif, fr. AS. mid with (akin to Gr. Meta-, and Wife.] A woman who assists other women in childbirth; a female practitioner of the obstetric art.

Midwife

Mid"wife`, v. t. To assist in childbirth.

Midwife

Mid"wife`, v. i. To perform the office of midwife.

Midwifery

Mid"wife`ry (?; 277), n.

1. The art or practice of assisting women in childbirth; obstetrics.

2. Assistance at childbirth; help or co\'94peration in production.

Midwinter

Mid"win`ter (?), n. [AS. midwinter.] The middle of winter. Dryden.
Page 923

Midwive

Mid"wive` (?), v. t. To midwife. [Obs.]

Mien

Mien (?), n. [F. mine; perh. from sane source as mener to lead; cf. E. demean, menace, mine, n.] Aspect; air; manner; demeanor; carriage; bearing.
Vice is a monster of so frightful mien, As, to be hated, needs but to be seen. Pope.

Miff

Miff (?), n. [Cf. Prov. G. muff sullenness, sulkiness, muffen to be silky, muff\'8bg sullen, pouting.] A petty falling out; a tiff; a quarrel; offense. Fielding.

Miff

Miff, v. t. To offend slightly. [Colloq.]

Might

Might (?), imp. of May. [AS. meahte, mihte.]

Might

Might, n. [AS. meaht, miht, from the root of magan to be able, E. may; akin to D. magt, OS. maht, G. macht, Icel. m\'bettr, Goth. mahts. May, v.] Force or power of any kind, whether of body or mind; energy or intensity of purpose, feeling, or action; means or resources to effect an object; strength; force; power; ability; capacity.
What so strong, But wanting rest, will also want of might? Spenser.
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thine heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy might. Deut. vi. 5.
With might and main. See under 2d Main.

Mightful

Might"ful (?), a. Mighty. [Obs.] Shak.

Mightily

Might"i*ly (?), adv. [From Mighty.]

1. In a mighty manner; with might; with great earnestness; vigorously; powerfully.

Whereunto I also labor, striving according to his working, which worketh in me mightily. Col. i. 29.

2. To a great degree; very much.

Practical jokes amused us mightily. Hawthorne.

Mightiness

Might"i*ness, n.

1. The quality of being mighty; possession of might; power; greatness; high dignity.

How soon this mightiness meets misery. Shak.

2. Highness; excellency; -- with a possessive pronoun, a title of dignity; as, their high mightinesses.

Mightless

Might"less, a. Without; weak. [Obs.]

Mighty

Might"y (?), a. [Compar. Mightier (?); superl. Mightiest.] [AS. meahtig, mihtig; akin to G. m\'84chtig, Goth. mahteigs. See Might, n.]

1. Possessing might; having great power or authority.

Wise in heart, and mighty in strength. Job ix. 4.

2. Accomplished by might; hence, extraordinary; wonderful. "His mighty works." Matt. xi. 20.

3. Denoting and extraordinary degree or quality in respect of size, character, importance, consequences, etc. "A mighty famine." Luke xv. 14. "Giants of mighty bone." Milton.

Mighty was their fuss about little matters. Hawthorne.

Mighty

Might"y, n.; pl. Mighties (#). A warrior of great force and courage. [R. & Obs.] 1 Chron. xi. 12.

Mighty

Might"y, adv. In a great degree; very. [Colloq.] "He was mighty methodical." Jeffrey.
We have a mighty pleasant garden. Doddridge.

Migniard

Mign"iard (?), a. [F. mignard, akin to mignon. See Minion.] Soft; dainty. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Migniardise

Mign"iard*ise (?), n. [F. mignardise.] Delicate fondling. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Mignon

Mi"gnon (?), a. [F.] See 3d Minion.

Mignon

Mi"gnon, v. t. To flatter. [R. & Obs.] Danie

Mignonette

Mi`gnon*ette" (?), n. [F. mignonnette, dim. of mignon darling. See 2d Minion.] (Bot.) A plant (Reseda odorata) having greenish flowers with orange-colored stamens, and exhaling a delicious fragrance. In Africa it is a low shrub, but further north it is usually an annual herb. Mignonette pepper, coarse pepper.

Migraine

Mi*graine" (?), n. [F.] Same as Megrim. -- Mi*grain"ous, a. <-- now the preferred term -->

Migrant

Mi"grant (?), a. [L. migrans, p. pr. of migrare. See Migrate.] Migratory. Sir T. Browne. -- n. A migratory bird or other animal.

Migrate

Mi"grate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Migrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Migrating (?).] [L. migratus, p. p. of migrare to migrate, transfer.]

1. To remove from one country or region to another, with a view to residence; to change one's place of residence; to remove; as, the Moors who migrated from Africa into Spain; to migrate to the West.

2. To pass periodically from one region or climate to another for feeding or breeding; -- said of certain birds, fishes, and quadrupeds.

Migration

Mi*gra"tion (?), n. [L. migratio: cf. F. migration.] The act of migrating.

Migratory

Mi"gra*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. migratoire.]

1. Removing regularly or occasionally from one region or climate to another; as, migratory birds.

2. Hence, roving; wandering; nomad; as, migratory habits; a migratory life. Migratory locust (Zo\'94l.) See Locust. -- Migratory thrush (Zo\'94l.), the American robin. See Robin.

Mikado

Mi*ka"do (?), n. [Jap.] The popular designation of the hereditary sovereign of Japan.

Mikmaks

Mik"maks (?), n. Same as Micmacs.

Milage

Mil"age (?; 48), n. Same as Mileage.

Milanese

Mil`an*ese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Milan in Italy, or to its inhabitants. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or inhabitant of Milan; people of Milan.

Milch

Milch (?), a. [OE. milche; akin to G. melk, Icel. milkr, mj, and to E. milk. See Milk.]

1. Giving milk; -- now applied only to beasts. "Milch camels." Gen. xxxii. "Milch kine." Shak.

2. Tender; pitiful; weeping. [Obs.] Shak.

Mild

Mild (?), a. [Compar. Milder (?); superl. Mildest.] [AS. milde; akin to OS. mildi, D. & G. mild, OHG. milti, Icel. mildr, Sw. & Dan. mild, Goth. milds; cf. Lith. melas dear, Gr. Gentle; pleasant; kind; soft; bland; clement; hence, moderate in degree or quality; -- the opposite of harsh, severe, irritating, violent, disagreeable, etc.; -- applied to persons and things; as, a mild disposition; a mild eye; a mild air; a mild medicine; a mild insanity.
The rosy morn resigns her light And milder glory to the noon. Waller.
Adore him as a mild and merciful Being. Rogers.
Mild, ∨ Low, steel, steel that has but little carbon in it and is not readily hardened. Syn. -- Soft; gentle; bland; calm; tranquil; soothing; pleasant; placid; meek; kind; tender; indulgent; clement; mollifying; lenitive; assuasive. See Gentle.

Milden

Mild"en (?), v. t. To make mild, or milder. Lowell.

Mildew

Mil"dew (?), n. [AS. melede\'a0w; akin to OHG. militou, G. mehlthau, mehltau; prob. orig. meaning, honeydew; cf. Goth. milip honey. See Mellifluous, and Dew.] (Bot.) A growth of minute powdery or webby fungi, whitish or of different colors, found on various diseased or decaying substances.

Mildew

Mil"dew, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mildewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mildewing.] To taint with mildew.
He... mildews the white wheat. Shak.

Mildew

Mil"dew, v. i. To become tainted with mildew.

Mildly

Mild"ly (?), adv. In a mild manner.

Mildness

Mild"ness, n. The quality or state of being mild; as, mildness of temper; the mildness of the winter.

Mile

Mile (?), n. [AS. m\'c6l, fr. L. millia, milia; pl. of mille a thousand, i. e., milia passuum a thousand paces. Cf. Mill the tenth of a cent, Million.] A certain measure of distance, being equivalent in England and the United States to 320 poles or rods, or 5,280 feet. &hand; The distance called a mile varies greatly in different countries. Its length in yards is, in Norway, 12,182; in Brunswick, 11,816; in Sweden, 11,660; in Hungary, 9,139; in Switzerland, 8,548; in Austria, 8,297; in Prussia, 8,238; in Poland, 8,100; in Italy, 2,025; in England and the United States, 1,760; in Spain, 1,552; in the Netherlands, 1,094. Geographical, ∨ Nautical mile, one sixtieth of a degree of a great circle of the earth, or 6080.27 feet. -- Mile run. Same as Train mile. See under Train. -- Roman mile, a thousand paces, equal to 1,614 yards English measure. -- Statute mile, a mile conforming to statute, that is, in England and the United States, a mile of 5,280 feet, as distinguished from any other mile.

Mileage

Mile"age (?; 48), n.

1. An allowance for traveling expenses at a certain rate per mile.

2. Aggregate length or distance in miles; esp., the sum of lengths of tracks or wires of a railroad company, telegraph company, etc. [Written also milage.] Constructive mileage, a mileage allowed for journeys supposed to be made, but not actually made. Bartlett.

Milepost

Mile"post` (?), n. A post, or one of a series of posts, set up to indicate spaces of a mile each or the distance in miles from a given place.

Milesian

Mi*le"sian (?), a. [L. Milesius, Gr.

1. (Anc. Geog.) Of or pertaining to Miletus, a city of Asia Minor, or to its inhabitants.

2. (Irish Legendary Hist.) Descended from King Milesius of Spain, whose two sons are said to have conquered Ireland about 1300 b. c.; or pertaining to the descendants of King Milesius; hence, Irish.

Milesian

Mi*le"sian, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Miletus.

2. A native or inhabitant of Ireland.

Milestone

Mile"stone` (?), n. A stone serving the same purpose as a milepost.

Milfoil

Mil"foil (?), n. [F. mille-feuille, L. millefolium; mille thousand + folium leaf. See Foil a leaf.] (Bot.) A common composite herb (Achillea Millefolium) with white flowers and finely dissected leaves; yarrow. Water milfoil (Bot.), an aquatic herb with dissected leaves (Myriophyllum).

Miliaria

Mil`i*a"ri*a (?), n. [NL. See Miliary.] (Med.) A fever accompanied by an eruption of small, isolated, red pimples, resembling a millet seed in form or size; miliary fever.

Miliary

Mil"ia*ry (?; 277), a. [L. miliarius, fr. milium millet: cf. F. miliaire.]

1. Like millet seeds; as, a miliary eruption.

2. (Med.) Accompanied with an eruption like millet seeds; as, a miliary fever.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Small and numerous; as, the miliary tubercles of Echini.

Miliary

Mil"ia*ry, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the small tubercles of Echini.

Milice

Mi`lice" (?), n. [F.] Militia. [Obs.]

Miliola

Mil"i*o`la (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. milium millet. So named from its resemblance to millet seed.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Foraminifera, having a porcelanous shell with several longitudinal chambers.

Miliolite

Mil"i*o*lite (?), n. (Paleon.) A fossil shell of, or similar to, the genus Miliola.

Miliolite

Mil"i*o*lite, a. The same Milliolitic. Miliolite limestone (Geol.), a building stone, one of the group of the Paris basin, almost entirely made up of many-chambered microscopic shells.

Miliolitic

Mil`i*o*lit"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the genus Miliola; containing miliolites.

Militancy

Mil"i*tan*cy (?), n. [See Militant.]

1. The state of being militant; warfare.

2. A military spirit or system; militarism. H. Spencer.

Militant

Mil"i*tant (?), a. [L. militans, -antis, p. pr. of militare to be soldier: cf. F. militant. See Militate.] Engaged in warfare; fighting; combating; serving as a soldier. -- Mil"i*tant*ly, adv.
At which command the powers militant... Moved on in silence. Milton.
Church militant, the Christian church on earth, which is supposed to be engaged in a constant warfare against its enemies, and is thus distinguished from the church triumphant, in heaven.

Militar

Mil"i*tar (?), a. Military. [Obs.] Bacon.

Militarily

Mil"i*ta*ri*ly (?), adv. In a military manner.

Militarism

Mil"i*ta*rism (?), n. [Cf. F. militarisme.]

1. A military state or condition; reliance on military force in administering government; a military system.

2. The spirit and traditions of military life. H. Spencer.

Militarist

Mil"i*ta*rist (?), n. A military man. [Obs.] Shak.

Military

Mil"i*ta*ry (?), a. [L. militaris, militarius, from miles, militis, soldier: cf. F. militaire.]

1. Of or pertaining to soldiers, to arms, or to war; belonging to, engaged in, or appropriate to, the affairs of war; as, a military parade; military discipline; military bravery; military conduct; military renown.

Nor do I, as an enemy to peace, Troop in the throngs of military men. Shak.

2. Performed or made by soldiers; as, a military election; a military expedition. Bacon. Military law. See Martial law, under Martial. -- Military order. (a) A command proceeding from a military superior. (b) An association of military persons under a bond of certain peculiar rules; especially, such an association of knights in the Middle Ages, or a body in modern times taking a similar form, membership of which confers some distinction. -- Military tenure, tenure of land, on condition of performing military service.

Military

Mil"i*ta*ry, n. [Cf. F. militaire.] The whole body of soldiers; soldiery; militia; troops; the army.

Militate

Mil"i*tate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Militated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Militating (?).] [L. militare, militatum, to be a soldier, fr. miles, militis, soldier.] To make war; to fight; to contend; -- usually followed by against and with.
These are great questions, where great names militate against each other. Burke.
The invisible powers of heaven seemed to militate on the side of the pious emperor. Gibbon.

Militia

Mi*li"tia (?), n. [L., military service, soldiery, fr. miles, militis, soldier: cf. F. milice.]

1. In the widest sense, the whole military force of a nation, including both those engaged in military service as a business, and those competent and available for such service; specifically, the body of citizens enrolled for military instruction and discipline, but not subject to be called into actual service except in emergencies.

The king's captains and soldiers fight his battles, and yet... the power of the militia is he. Jer. Taylor.

2. Military service; warfare. [Obs.] Baxter.

Militiaman

Mi*li"tia*man (?), n.; pl. Militiamen (. One who belongs to the militia.

Militiate

Mi*li"ti*ate (?), v. i. To carry on, or prepare for, war. [Obs.] Walpole.

Milk

Milk (?), n. [AS. meoluc, meoloc, meolc, milc; akin to OFries. meloc, D. melk, G. milch, OHG. miluh, Icel. mj, Sw. mj\'94lk, Dan. melk, Goth. miluks, G. melken to milk, OHG. melchan, Lith. milszti, L. mulgere, Gr. Milch, Emulsion, Milt soft roe of fishes.]

1. (Physiol.) A white fluid secreted by the mammary glands of female mammals for the nourishment of their young, consisting of minute globules of fat suspended in a solution of casein, albumin, milk sugar, and inorganic salts. "White as morne milk." Chaucer.

2. (Bot.) A kind of juice or sap, usually white in color, found in certain plants; latex. See Latex.

3. An emulsion made by bruising seeds; as, the milk of almonds, produced by pounding almonds with sugar and water.

4. (Zo\'94l.) The ripe, undischarged spat of an oyster. Condensed milk. See under Condense, v. t. -- Milk crust (Med.), vesicular eczema occurring on the face and scalp of nursing infants. See Eczema. -- Milk fever. (a) (Med.) A fever which accompanies or precedes the first lactation. It is usually transitory. (b) (Vet. Surg.) A form puerperal peritonitis in cattle; also, a variety of meningitis occurring in cows after calving. -- Milk glass, glass having a milky appearance. -- Milk knot (Med.), a hard lump forming in the breast of a nursing woman, due to obstruction to the flow of milk and congestion of the mammary glands. -- Milk leg (Med.), a swollen condition of the leg, usually in puerperal women, caused by an inflammation of veins, and characterized by a white appearance occasioned by an accumulation of serum and sometimes of pus in the cellular tissue. -- Milk meats, food made from milk, as butter and cheese. [Obs.] Bailey. -- Milk mirror. Same as Escutcheon, 2. -- Milk molar (Anat.), one of the deciduous molar teeth which are shed and replaced by the premolars. -- Milk of lime (Chem.), a watery emulsion of calcium hydrate, produced by macerating quicklime in water. -- Milk parsley (Bot.), an umbelliferous plant (Peucedanum palustre) of Europe and Asia, having a milky juice. -- Milk pea (Bot.), a genus (Galactia) of leguminous and, usually, twining plants. -- Milk sickness (Med.), a peculiar malignant disease, occurring in some parts of the Western United States, and affecting certain kinds of farm stock (esp. cows), and persons who make use of the meat or dairy products of infected cattle. Its chief symptoms in man are uncontrollable vomiting, obstinate constipation, pain, and muscular tremors. Its origin in cattle has been variously ascribed to the presence of certain plants in their food, and to polluted drinking water. -- Milk snake (Zo\'94l.), a harmless American snake (Ophibolus triangulus, or O. eximius). It is variously marked with white, gray, and red. Called also milk adder, chicken snake, house snake, etc. -- Milk sugar. (Physiol. Chem.) See Lactose, and Sugar of milk (below). -- Milk thistle (Bot.), an esculent European thistle (Silybum marianum), having the veins of its leaves of a milky whiteness. -- Milk thrush. (Med.) See Thrush. -- Milk tooth (Anat.), one of the temporary first set of teeth in young mammals; in man there are twenty. -- Milk tree (Bot.), a tree yielding a milky juice, as the cow tree of South America (Brosimum Galactodendron), and the Euphorbia balsamifera of the Canaries, the milk of both of which is wholesome food. -- Milk vessel (Bot.), a special cell in the inner bark of a plant, or a series of cells, in which the milky juice is contained. See Latex. -- Rock milk. See Agaric mineral, under Agaric. -- Sugar of milk. The sugar characteristic of milk; a hard white crystalline slightly sweet substance obtained by evaporation of the whey of milk. It is used in pellets and powder as a vehicle for homeopathic medicines, and as an article of diet. See Lactose.


Page 924

Milk

Milk (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Milked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Milking.]

1. To draw or press milk from the breasts or udder of, by the hand or mouth; to withdraw the milk of. "Milking the kine." Gay.

I have given suck, and know How tender 't is to love the babe that milks me. Shak.

2. To draw from the breasts or udder; to extract, as milk; as, to milk wholesome milk from healthy cows.

3. To draw anything from, as if by milking; to compel to yield profit or advantage; to plunder. Tyndale.

They [the lawyers] milk an unfortunate estate as regularly as a dairyman does his stock. London Spectator.
To milk the street, to squeeze the smaller operators in stocks and extract a profit from them, by alternately raising and depressing prices within a short range; -- said of the large dealers. [Cant] -- To milk a telegram, to use for one's own advantage the contents of a telegram belonging to another person. [Cant]

Milk

Milk, v. i. To draw or to yield milk.

Milken

Milk"en (?), a. Consisting of milk. [Obs.]

Milker

Milk"er (?), n.

1. One who milks; also, a mechanical apparatus for milking cows.

2. A cow or other animal that gives milk.

Milkful

Milk"ful (?), a. Full of milk; abounding with food. [R.] "Milkful vales." Sylvester.

Milkily

Milk"i*ly (?), adv. In a milky manner.

Milkiness

Milk"i*ness, n. State or quality of being milky.

Milk-livered

Milk"-liv`ered (?), a. White-livered; cowardly; timorous.

Milkmaid

Milk"maid` (?), n. A woman who milks cows or is employed in the dairy.

Milkman

Milk"man (?), n.; pl. Milkmen (. A man who sells milk or delivers is to customers.

Milksop

Milk"sop` (?), n. A piece of bread sopped in milk; figuratively, an effeminate or weak-minded person. Shak.
To wed a milksop or a coward ape. Chaucer.

Milk vetch

Milk" vetch` (?). (Bot.) A leguminous herb (Astragalus glycyphyllos) of Europe and Asia, supposed to increase the secretion of milk in goats. &hand; The name is sometimes taken for the whole genus Astragalus, of which there are about two hundred species in North America, and even more elsewhere.

Milkweed

Milk"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genera Asclepias and Acerates, abounding in a milky juice, and having its seed attached to a long silky down; silkweed. The name is also applied to several other plants with a milky juice, as to several kinds of spurge.

Milkwort

Milk"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of plants (Polygala) of many species. The common European P. vulgaris was supposed to have the power of producing a flow of milk in nurses. &hand; The species of Campanula, or bellflower, are sometimes called milkwort, from their juice.

Milky

Milk"y (?), a.

1. Consisting of, or containing, milk.

Pails high foaming with a milky flood. Pope.

2. Like, or somewhat like, milk; whitish and turbid; as, the water is milky. "Milky juice." Arbuthnot.

3. Yielding milk. "Milky mothers." Roscommon.

4. Mild; tame; spiritless.

Has friendship such a faint and milky heart? Shak.
Milky Way. (Astron.) See Galaxy, 1.

Mill

Mill (?), n. [L. mille a thousand. Cf. Mile.] A money of account of the United States, having the value of the tenth of a cent, or the thousandth of a dollar.

Mill

Mill, n. [OE. mille, melle, mulle, milne, AS. myln, mylen; akin to D. molen, G. m\'81hle, OHG. mul\'c6, mul\'c6n, Icel. mylna; all prob. from L. molina, fr. mola millstone; prop., that which grinds, akin to molere to grind, Goth. malan, G. mahlen, and to E. meal. Meal
flour, and cf. Moline.]

1. A machine for grinding or commuting any substance, as grain, by rubbing and crushing it between two hard, rough, or intented surfaces; as, a gristmill, a coffee mill; a bone mill.

2. A machine used for expelling the juice, sap, etc., from vegetable tissues by pressure, or by pressure in combination with a grinding, or cutting process; as, a cider mill; a cane mill.

3. A machine for grinding and polishing; as, a lapidary mill.

4. A common name for various machines which produce a manufactured product, or change the form of a raw material by the continuous repetition of some simple action; as, a sawmill; a stamping mill, etc.

5. A building or collection of buildings with machinery by which the processes of manufacturing are carried on; as, a cotton mill; a powder mill; a rolling mill.

6. (Die Sinking) A hardened steel roller having a design in relief, used for imprinting a reversed copy of the design in a softer metal, as copper.

7. (Mining) (a) An excavation in rock, transverse to the workings, from which material for filling is obtained. (b) A passage underground through which ore is shot.

8. A milling cutter. See Illust. under Milling.

9. A pugilistic. [Cant] R. D. Blackmore. Edge mill, Flint mill, etc. See under Edge, Flint, etc. -- Mill bar (Iron Works), a rough bar rolled or drawn directly from a bloom or puddle bar for conversion into merchant iron in the mill. -- Mill cinder, slag from a puddling furnace. -- Mill head, the head of water employed to turn the wheel of a mill. -- Mill pick, a pick for dressing millstones. -- Mill pond, a pond that supplies the water for a mill. -- Mill race, the canal in which water is conveyed to a mill wheel, or the current of water which drives the wheel. -- Mill tail, the water which flows from a mill wheel after turning it, or the channel in which the water flows. -- Mill tooth, a grinder or molar tooth. -- Mill wheel, the water wheel that drives the machinery of a mill. -- Roller mill, a mill in which flour or meal is made by crushing grain between rollers. -- Stamp mill (Mining), a mill in which ore is crushed by stamps. -- To go through the mill, to experience the suffering or discipline necessary to bring one to a certain degree of knowledge or skill, or to a certain mental state.

Mill

Mill (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Milled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Milling.] [See Mill, n., and cf. Muller.]

1. To reduce to fine particles, or to small pieces, in a mill; to grind; to comminute.

2. To shape, finish, or transform by passing through a machine; specifically, to shape or dress, as metal, by means of a rotary cutter.

3. To make a raised border around the edges of, or to cut fine grooves or indentations across the edges of, as of a coin, or a screw head; also, to stamp in a coining press; to coin.

4. To pass through a fulling mill; to full, as cloth.

5. To beat with the fists. [Cant] Thackeray.

6. To roll into bars, as steel. To mill chocolate, to make it frothy, as by churning.

Mill

Mill, v. i. (Zo\'94l.) To swim under water; -- said of air-breathing creatures.

Millboard

Mill"board` (?), n. A kind of stout pasteboard.

Mill-cake

Mill"-cake` (?), n. The incorporated materials for gunpowder, in the form of a dense mass or cake, ready to be subjected to the process of granulation.

Milldam

Mill"dam` (?), n. A dam or mound to obstruct a water course, and raise the water to a height sufficient to turn a mill wheel.

Milled

Milled (?), a. Having been subjected to some process of milling. Milled cloth, cloth that has been beaten in a fulling mill. -- Milled lead, lead rolled into sheets.

Millefiore glass

Mil`le*fi*o"re glass` (?). [It. mille thousand + flore flower.] Slender rods or tubes of colored glass fused together and embedded in clear glass; -- used for paperweights and other small articles.

Milenarian

Mi`le*na"ri*an (?), a. [See Millenary.] Consisting of a thousand years; of or pertaining to the millennium, or to the Millenarians.

Milenarian

Mi`le*na"ri*an, n. One who believes that Christ will personally reign on earth a thousand years; a Chiliast.

Milenarianism, Milenarism

Mi`le*na"ri*an*ism (?), Mi"le*na*rism (?), n. The doctrine of Millenarians.

Millenary

Mil"le*na*ry (?), a. [L. millenarius, fr. milleni a thousand each, fr. mille a thousand: cf. F. mill\'82naire. See Mile.] Consisting of a thousand; millennial.

Millenary

Mil"le*na*ry, n. The space of a thousand years; a millennium; also, a Millenarian."During that millenary." Hare.

Millennial

Mil*len"ni*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the millennium, or to a thousand years; as, a millennial period; millennial happiness.

Millennialist

Mil*len"ni*al*ist, n. One who believes that Christ will reign personally on earth a thousand years; a Chiliast; also, a believer in the universal prevalence of Christianity for a long period.

Millennialism, Millenniarism

Mil*len"ni*al*ism (?), Mil*len"ni*a*rism (?), n. Belief in, or expectation of, the millennium; millenarianism.

Millennist

Mil"len*nist (?), n. One who believes in the millennium. [Obs.] Johnson.

Millennium

Mil*len"ni*um (?), n. [LL., fr. L. mille a thousand + annus a year. See Mile, and Annual.] A thousand years; especially, thousand years mentioned in the twentieth chapter in the twentieth chapter of Revelation, during which holiness is to be triumphant throughout the world. Some believe that, during this period, Christ will reign on earth in person with his saints.

Milleped

Mil"le*ped (?), n. [L. millepeda; mille a thousand + pes, pedis, foot: cf. F. mille-pieds.] (Zo\'94l.) A myriapod with many legs, esp. a chilognath, as the galleyworm. [Written also millipede and milliped.]

Millepora

Mil*le*po"ra (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Hydrocorallia, which includes the millipores.

Millepore

Mil"le*pore (?), n. [L. mille thousand + porus pore: cf. F. mill\'82pore.] (Zo\'94l.) Any coral of the genus Millepora, having the surface nearly smooth, and perforated with very minute unequal pores, or cells. The animals are hydroids, not Anthozoa. See Hydrocorallia.

Milleporite

Mil"le*po*rite (?), n. (Paleon.) A fossil millepore.

Miller

Mill"er (?), n.

1. One who keeps or attends a flour mill or gristmill.

2. A milling machine.

3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A moth or lepidopterous insect; -- so called because the wings appear as if covered with white dust or powder, like a miller's clothes. Called also moth miller. (b) The eagle ray. (c) The hen harrier. [Prov. Eng.] Miller's thumb. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small fresh-water fish of the genus Uranidea (formerly Cottus), as the European species (U. gobio), and the American (U. gracilis); -- called also bullhead. (b) A small bird, as the gold-crest, chiff-chaff, and long-tailed tit. [Prov. Eng.]

Millerite

Mil"ler*ite (?), n. A believer in the doctrine of William Miller (d. 1849), who taught that the end of the world and the second coming of Christ were at hand.

Millerite

Mil"ler*ite, n. [From W. H. Miller, of Cambridge, Eng.] (Min.) A sulphide of nickel, commonly occurring in delicate capillary crystals, also in incrustations of a bronze yellow; -- sometimes called hair pyrites.

Millesimal

Mil*les"i*mal (?), a. [L. millesimus, fr. mille a thousand.] Thousandth; consisting of thousandth parts; as, millesimal fractions.

Millet

Mil"let (?), n. [F., dim. of mil, L. milium; akin to Gr. mil.] (Bot.) The name of several cereal and forage grasses which bear an abundance of small roundish grains. The common millets of Germany and Southern Europe are Panicum miliaceum, and Setaria Italica. <-- all species in this note are subtypes --> &hand; Arabian millet is Sorghum Halepense. -- Egyptian or East Indian, millet is Penicillaria spicata. -- Indian millet is Sorghum vulgare. (See under Indian.) -- Italian millet is Setaria Italica, a coarse, rank-growing annual grass, valuable for fodder when cut young, and bearing nutritive seeds; -- called also Hungarian grass. -- Texas millet is Panicum Texanum. -- Wild millet, or Millet grass, is Milium effusum, a tail grass growing in woods.

Milli-

Mil"li- (?). [From L. mille a thousand.] (Metric System, Elec., Mech., etc.) A prefix denoting a thousandth part of; as, millimeter, milligram, milliamp\'8are.

Milliamp\'8are

Mil`li*am`p\'8are" (?), n. [Milli- + amp\'8are.] (Elec.) The thousandth part of one amp\'8are.

Milliard

Mil`liard" (?), n. [F., from mille, mil, thousand, L. mille.] A thousand millions; -- called also billion. See Billion.

Milliary

Mil"li*a*ry (?), a. [L. milliarius containing a thousand, fr. mille thousand: cf. F. milliaire milliary. See Mile.] Of or pertaining to a mile, or to distance by miles; denoting a mile or miles.
A milliary column, from which they used to compute the distance of all the cities and places of note. Evelyn.

Milliary

Mil"li*a*ry, n.; pl. Milliaries (#). [L. milliarium. See Milliary, a.] A milestone.

Millier

Mil`lier" (?), n. [F., fr. mille thousand.] A weight of the metric system, being one million grams; a metric ton.

Millifold

Mil"li*fold` (?), a. [L. mille thousand + E. fold times.] Thousandfold. [R.] Davies (Holy Roode).

Milligram, Milligramme

Mil"li*gram, Mil"li*gramme (?), n. [F. milligramme; milli- milli- + gramme. See 3d Gram.] A measure of weight, in the metric system, being the thousandth part of a gram, equal to the weight of a cubic millimeter of water, or .01543 of a grain avoirdupois.

Milliliter, Millilitre

Mil"li*li`ter, Mil"li*li`tre (?), n. [F. millilitre; milli- milli- + litre. See Liter.] A measure of capacity in the metric system, containing the thousandth part of a liter. It is a cubic centimeter, and is equal to .061 of an English cubic inch, or to .0338 of an American fluid ounce.

Millimeter, Millimetre

Mil"li*me`ter, Mil"li*me`tre (?), n. [F. millim\'8atre; milli- milli- + m\'8atre. See 3d Meter.] A lineal measure in the metric system, containing the thousandth part of a meter; equal to .03937 of an inch. See 3d Meter.

Milliner

Mil"li*ner (?), n. [From Milaner an inhabitant of Milan, in Italy; hence, a man from Milan who imported women's finery.]

1. Formerly, a man who imported and dealt in small articles of a miscellaneous kind, especially such as please the fancy of women. [Obs.]

No milliner can so fit his customers with gloves. Shak.

2. A person, usually a woman, who makes, trims, or deals in hats, bonnets, headdresses, etc., for women. Man milliner, a man who makes or deals in millinery; hence, contemptuously, a man who is busied with trifling occupations or embellishments.

Millinery

Mil"li*ner*y (?), n.

1. The articles made or sold by milliners, as headdresses, hats or bonnets, laces, ribbons, and the like.

2. The business of work of a milliner.

Millinet

Mil`li*net" (?), n. A stiff cotton fabric used by milliners for lining bonnets.

Milling

Mill"ing (?), n. The act or employment of grinding or passing through a mill; the process of fulling; the process of making a raised or intented edge upon coin, etc.; the process of dressing surfaces of various shapes with rotary cutters. See Mill. High milling, milling in which grain is reduced to flour by a succession of crackings, or of slight and partial crushings, alternately with sifting and sorting the product. -- Low milling, milling in which the reduction is effected in a single crushing or grinding. -- Milling cutter, a fluted, sharp-edged rotary cutter for dressing surfaces, as of metal, of various shapes. -- Milling machine, a machine tool for dressing surfaces by rotary cutters. -- Milling tool, a roller with indented edge or surface, for producing like indentations in metal by rolling pressure, as in turning; a knurling tool; a milling cutter.

Million

Mil"lion (?), n. [F., from LL. millio, fr. L. mille a thousand. See Mile.]

1. The number of ten hundred thousand, or a thousand thousand, -- written 1,000, 000. See the Note under Hundred

2. A very great number; an indefinitely large number.

Millions of truths that a man is not concerned to know. Locke.

3. The mass of common people; -- with the article the.

For the play, I remember, pleased not the million. Shak.

Millionaire

Mil`lion*aire" (?; 277), n. [F. millionnaire.] One whose wealth is counted by millions of francs, dollars, or pounds; a very rich person; a person worth a million or more. [Written also millionnaire.]

Millionairess

Mil`lion*air"ess, n. A woman who is a millionaire, or the wife of a millionaire. [Humorous] Holmes.

Millionary

Mil"lion*a*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to millions; consisting of millions; as, the millionary chronology of the pundits. Pinker

Millioned

Mil"lioned (?), a. Multiplied by millions; innumerable. [Obs.] Shak.

Millionnaire

Mil`lion`naire" (?), n. [F.] Millionaire.

Millionth

Mil"lionth (?), a. Being the last one of a million of units or objects counted in regular order from the first of a series or succession; being one of a million.

Millionth

Mil"lionth, n. The quotient of a unit divided by one million; one of a million equal parts.

Milliped

Mil"li*ped (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The same Milleped.

Millistere

Mil"li*stere (?), n. [F. millist\'8are, from milli- milli- + st\'8are.] A liter, or cubic decimeter.

Milliweber

Mil`li*we"ber (?), n. [Milli- + weber.] (Physics) The thousandth part of one weber.
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Millrea, Millree, Millreis

Mill"rea` (?), Mill"ree`, Mill"reis` (?), n. See Milreis.

Millrind, Millrynd

Mill"rind` (?), Mill"rynd` (?), n. [Mill + rynd.] (Her.) A figure supposed to represent the iron which holds a millstone by being set into its center.

Mill-sixpence

Mill"-sixpence (?), n. A milled sixpence; -- the sixpence being one of the first English coins milled (1561).

Millstone

Mill"stone` (?), n. One of two circular stones used for grinding grain or other substance.
No man shall take the nether or the upper millstone to pledge. Deut. xxiv. 6.
&hand; The cellular siliceous rock called buhrstone is usually employed for millstones; also, some kinds of lava, as that Niedermendig, or other firm rock with rough texture. The surface of a millstone has usually a series of radial grooves in which the powdered material collects. Millstone girt (Geol.), a hard and coarse, gritty sandstone, dividing the Carboniferous from the Subcarboniferous strata. See Farewell rock, under Farewell, a., and Chart of Geology. -- To see into, ∨ through, a millstone, to see into or through a difficult matter. (Colloq.)

Millwork

Mill"work` (?), n.

1. The shafting, gearing, and other driving machinery of mils.

2. The business of setting up or of operating mill machinery.

Millwright

Mill"wright` (?), n. A mechanic whose occupation is to build mills, or to set up their machinery.

Milreis

Mil"reis` (?), n. [Pg. mil reis, i. e., one thousand reis; mil a thousand + reis, pl. of real a rei.] A Portuguese money of account rated in the treasury department of the United States at one dollar and eight cents; also, a Brazilian money of account rated at fifty-four cents and six mills.

Milt

Milt (?), n. [AS. milte; akin to D. milt, G. milz, OHG. milzi, Icel. milti, Dan. milt, Sw. mj\'84lte, and prob. to E. malt, melt. &root;108. See Malt the grain.] (Anat.) The spleen.

Milt

Milt, n. [Akin to Dan. melk, Sw. mj\'94lke, G. milch, and E. milk. See Milk.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The spermatic fluid of fishes. (b) The testes, or spermaries, of fishes when filled with spermatozoa.

Milt

Milt, v. t. To impregnate (the roe of a fish) with milt.

Milter

Milt"er (?), n. [Cf. D. milter, G. milcher, milchner. See 2d Milt.] (Zo\'94l.) A male fish.

Miltonian

Mil*to"ni*an (?), a. Miltonic. Lowell.

Miltonic

Mil*ton"ic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, Milton, or his writings; as, Miltonic prose.

Miltwaste

Milt"waste` (?), [1st milt + waste.] (Bot.) A small European fern (Asplenium Ceterach) formerly used in medicine.

Milvine

Mil"vine (?), a. [L. milvus kite.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or resembling birds of the kite kind.

Milvine

Mil"vine, n. (Zo\'94l.) A bird related to the kite.

Milvus

Mil"vus (?), n. [L., a kite.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of raptorial birds, including the European kite.

Mime

Mime (?), n. [L. mimus, Gr. mime. Cf. Mimosa.]

1. A kind of drama in which real persons and events were generally represented in a ridiculous manner.

2. An actor in such representations.

Mime

Mime, v. i. To mimic. [Obs.] -- Mim"er (#), n. <-- #-er endings not usually in the "wordform" format -->

Mimeograph

Mim"e*o*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph.] An autographic stencil copying device invented by Edison.

Mimesis

Mi*me"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet. & Biol.) Imitation; mimicry.

Mimetene

Mim"e*tene (?), n. (Min.) See Mimetite.

Mimetic; 277, Mimetical

Mi*met"ic (?; 277), Mi*met"ic*al (?),[Gr.

1. Apt to imitate; given to mimicry; imitative.

2. (Biol.) Characterized by mimicry; -- applied to animals and plants; as, mimetic species; mimetic organisms. See Mimicry.

Mimetism

Mim"e*tism (?), n. [From Gr. (Biol.) Same as Mimicry.

Mimetite

Mim"e*tite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A mineral occurring in pale yellow or brownish hexagonal crystals. It is an arseniate of lead.

Mimic, Mimical

Mim"ic (?), Mim"ic*al (?), a. [L. mimicus, Gr. mimique. See Mime.]

1. Imitative; mimetic.

Oft, in her absence, mimic fancy wakes To imitate her. Milton.
Man is, of all creatures, the most mimical. W. Wotton.

2. Consisting of, or formed by, imitation; imitated; as, mimic gestures. "Mimic hootings." Wordsworth.

3. (Min.) Imitative; characterized by resemblance to other forms; -- applied to crystals which by twinning resemble simple forms of a higher grade of symmetry. &hand; Mimic often implies something droll or ludicrous, and is less dignified than imitative. Mimic beetle (Zo\'94l.), a beetle that feigns death when disturbed, esp. the species of Hister and allied genera.

Mimic

Mim"ic, n. One who imitates or mimics, especially one who does so for sport; a copyist; a buffoon. Burke.

Mimic

Mim"ic, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mimicked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mimicking.]

1. To imitate or ape for sport; to ridicule by imitation.

The walk, the words, the gesture, could supply, The habit mimic, and the mien belie. Dryden.

2. (Biol.) To assume a resemblance to (some other organism of a totally different nature, or some surrounding object), as a means of protection or advantage. Syn. -- To ape; imitate; counterfeit; mock.

Mimically

Mim"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In an imitative manner.

Mimicker

Mim"ick*er (?), n.

1. One who mimics; a mimic.

2. (Zo\'94l.) An animal which imitates something else, in form or habits.

Mimicry

Mim"ic*ry (?), n.

1. The act or practice of one who mimics; ludicrous imitation for sport or ridicule.

2. (Biol.) Protective resemblance; the resemblance which certain animals and plants exhibit to other animals and plants or to the natural objects among which they live, -- a characteristic which serves as their chief means of protection against enemies; imitation; mimesis; mimetism.

Mimographer

Mi*mog"ra*pher (?), n. [L. mimographus, Gr. mimographe.] A writer of mimes. Sir T. Herbert.

Mimosa

Mi*mo"sa (?; 277), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Mime.] (Bot.) A genus of leguminous plants, containing many species, and including the sensitive plants (Mimosa sensitiva, and M. pudica). &hand; The term mimosa is also applied in commerce to several kinds bark imported from Australia, and used in tanning; -- called also wattle bark. Tomlinson.

Mimotannic

Mi`mo*tan"nic (?), a. [Mimosa + tannic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a variety of tannin or tannic acid found in Acacia, Mimosa, etc.

Mina

Mi"na (?), n.; pl. L. Min\'91 (#), E. Minas (#). [L., fr. Gr. An ancient weight or denomination of money, of varying value. The Attic mina was valued at a hundred drachmas.

Mina

Mi"na (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Myna.

Minable

Min"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be mined; as, minable earth. Sir T. North.

Minacious

Mi*na"cious (?), a. [L. minax, -acis. See Menace.] Threatening; menacing. [R.]

Minacity

Mi*nac"i*ty (?), n. Disposition to threaten. [R.]

Minaret

Min"a*ret (?), n. [Sp. minarete, Ar. man\'berat lamp, lantern, lighthouse, turret, fr. n\'ber to shine.] (Arch.) A slender, lofty tower attached to a mosque and surrounded by one or more projecting balconies, from which the summon to prayer is cried by the muezzin.

Minargent

Min*ar"gent (?), n. [Prob. contr. from aluminium + L. argentum silver.] An alloy consisting of copper, nickel, tungsten, and aluminium; -- used by jewelers.

Minatorially, Minatorily

Min`a*to"ri*al*ly (?), Min"a*to*ri*ly (?), adv. In a minatory manner; with threats.

Minatory

Min"a*to*ry (?), a. [L. minatorius, fr. minari to threaten. See Menace.] Threatening; menacing. Bacon.

Minaul

Mi*naul" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Manul.

Mince

Mince (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Minced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Minging (?).] [AS. minsian to grow less, dwindle, fr. min small; akin to G. minder less, Goth. minniza less, mins less, adv., L. minor, adj. (cf. Minor); or more likely fr. F. mincer to mince, prob. from (assumed) LL. minutiare. Minish.]

1. To cut into very small pieces; to chop fine; to hash; as, to mince meat. Bacon.

2. To suppress or weaken the force of; to extenuate; to palliate; to tell by degrees, instead of directly and frankly; to clip, as words or expressions; to utter half and keep back half of.

I know no ways to mince it in love, but directly to say -- "I love you." Shak.
Siren, now mince the sin, And mollify damnation with a phrase. Dryden.
If, to mince his meaning, I had either omitted some part of what he said, or taken from the strength of his expression, I certainly had wronged him. Dryden.

3. To affect; to make a parade of. [R.] Shak.

Mince

Mince, v. i.

1. To walk with short steps; to walk in a prim, affected manner.

The daughters of Zion are haughty, and walk with stretched forth necks and wanton eyes,... mincing as they go. Is. iii. 16.
I 'll... turn two mincing steps Into a manly stride. Shak.

2. To act or talk with affected nicety; to affect delicacy in manner.

Mince

Mince, n. A short, precise step; an affected manner.

Mince-meat

Mince"-meat` (?), n. Minced meat; meat chopped very fine; a mixture of boiled meat, suet, apples, etc., chopped very fine, to which spices and raisins are added; -- used in making mince pie.

Mince pie

Mince" pie` (?). A pie made of mince-meat.

Mincer

Min"cer (?), n. One who minces.

Mincing

Min"cing (?), a. That minces; characterized by primness or affected nicety.

Mincingly

Min"cing*ly, adv. In a mincing manner; not fully; with affected nicety.

Mind

Mind (?), n. [AS. mynd, gemynd; akin to OHG. minna memory, love, G. minne love, Dan. minde mind, memory, remembrance, consent, vote, Sw. minne memory, Icel. minni, Goth. gamunds, L. mens, mentis, mind, Gr. manas mind, man to think. Comment, Man, Mean, v., 3d Mental, Mignonette, Minion, Mnemonic, Money.]

1. The intellectual or rational faculty in man; the understanding; the intellect; the power that conceives, judges, or reasons; also, the entire spiritual nature; the soul; -- often in distinction from the body.

By the mind of man we understand that in him which thinks, remembers, reasons, wills. Reid.
What we mean by mind is simply that which perceives, thinks, feels, wills, and desires. Sir W. Hamilton.
Let every man be fully persuaded in his own mind. Rom. xiv. 5.
The mind shall banquet, though the body pine. Shak.

2. The state, at any given time, of the faculties of thinking, willing, choosing, and the like; psychical activity or state; as: (a) Opinion; judgment; belief.

A fool uttereth all his mind. Prov. xxix. 11.
Being so hard to me that brought your mind, I fear she'll prove as hard to you in telling her mind. Shak.
(b) Choice; inclination; liking; intent; will.
If it be your minds, then let none go forth. 2 Kings ix. 15.
(c) Courage; spirit. Chapman.

3. Memory; remembrance; recollection; as, to have or keep in mind, to call to mind, to put in mind, etc. To have a mind ∨ great mind, to be inclined or strongly inclined in purpose; -- used with an infinitive. "Sir Roger de Coverly... told me that he had a great mind to see the new tragedy with me." Addison. -- To lose one's mind, to become insane, or imbecile. -- To make up one's mind, to come to an opinion or decision; to determine. -- To put in mind, to remind. "Regard us simply as putting you in mind of what you already know to be good policy." Jowett (Thucyd. ).

Mind

Mind (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Minded; p. pr. & vb. n. Minding.] [AS. myndian, gemynd\'c6an to remember. See Mind, n.]

1. To fix the mind or thoughts on; to regard with attention; to treat as of consequence; to consider; to heed; to mark; to note. "Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low estate." Rom. xii. 16.

My lord, you nod: you do not mind the play. Shak.

2. To occupy one's self with; to employ one's self about; to attend to; as, to mind one's business.

Bidding him be a good child, and mind his book. Addison.

3. To obey; as, to mind parents; the dog minds his master.

4. To have in mind; to purpose. Beaconsfield.

I mind to tell him plainly what I think. Shak.

5. To put in mind; to remind. [Archaic] M. Arnold.

He minded them of the mutability of all earthly things. Fuller.
I do thee wrong to mind thee of it. Shak.
Never mind, do not regard it; it is of no consequence; no matter. Syn. -- To notice; mark; regard; obey. See Attend.

Mind

Mind, v. i. To give attention or heed; to obey; as, the dog minds well.

Minded

Mind"ed, a. Disposed; inclined; having a mind.
Joseph... was minded to put her away privily. Matt. i. 19.
If men were minded to live virtuously. Tillotson.
&hand; Minded is much used in composition; as, high-minded, feeble-minded, sober-minded, double-minded.

Minder

Mind"er (?), n.

1. One who minds, tends, or watches something, as a child, a machine, or cattle; as, a minder of a loom.

2. One to be attended; specif., a pauper child intrusted to the care of a private person. [Eng.] Dickens.

Mindful

Mind"ful (?), a. Bearing in mind; regardful; attentive; heedful; observant.
What is man, that thou art mindful of him? Ps. viii. 4.
I promise you to be mindful of your admonitions. Hammond.
-- Mind"ful*ly, adv. -- Mind"ful*ness, n.

Minding

Mind"ing, n. Regard; mindfulness.

Mindless

Mind"less, a.

1. Not indued with mind or intellectual powers; stupid; unthinking.

2. Unmindful; inattentive; heedless; careless.

Cursed Athens, mindless of thy worth. Shak.

Mine

Mine (?), n. [F.] See Mien. [Obs.]

Mine

Mine (?), pron. & a. [OE. min, fr. AS. m\'c6n; akin to D. mijn, OS., OFries., & OHG. m\'c6n, G. mein, Sw. & Dan. min, Icel. minn, Goth. meins my, mine, meina of me, and E. me. Me, and cf. My.] Belonging to me; my. Used as a pronominal to me; my. Used as a pronominal adjective in the predicate; as, "Vengeance is mine; I will repay." Rom. xii. 19. Also, in the old style, used attributively, instead of my, before a noun beginning with a vowel.
I kept myself from mine iniquity. Ps. xviii. 23.
&hand; Mine is often used absolutely, the thing possessed being understood; as, his son is in the army, mine in the navy.
When a man deceives me once, says the Italian proverb, it is his fault; when twice, it is mine. Bp. Horne.
This title honors me and mine. Shak.
She shall have me and mine. Shak.

Mine

Mine, v. i. [F. miner, L. minare to drive animals, in LL. also, to lead, conduct, dig a mine (cf. E. lode, and lead to conduct), akin to L. minari to threaten; cf. Sp. mina mine, conduit, subterraneous canal, a spring or source of water, It. mina. See Menace, and cf. Mien.]

1. To dig a mine or pit in the earth; to get ore, metals, coal, or precious stones, out of the earth; to dig in the earth for minerals; to dig a passage or cavity under anything in order to overthrow it by explosives or otherwise.

2. To form subterraneous tunnel or hole; to form a burrow or lodge in the earth; as, the mining cony.

Mine

Mine, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mining.]

1. To dig away, or otherwise remove, the substratum or foundation of; to lay a mine under; to sap; to undermine; hence, to ruin or destroy by slow degrees or secret means.

They mined the walls. Hayward.
Too lazy to cut down these immense trees, the spoilers... had mined them, and placed a quantity of gunpowder in the cavity. Sir W. Scott.

2. To dig into, for ore or metal.

Lead veins have been traced... but they have not been mined. Ure.

3. To get, as metals, out of the earth by digging.

The principal ore mined there is the bituminous cinnabar. Ure.

Mine

Mine, n. [F., fr. LL. mina. See Mine, v. i.]

1. A subterranean cavity or passage; especially: (a) A pit or excavation in the earth, from which metallic ores, precious stones, coal, or other mineral substances are taken by digging; -- distinguished from the pits from which stones for architectural purposes are taken, and which are called quarries. (b) (Mil.) A cavity or tunnel made under a fortification or other work, for the purpose of blowing up the superstructure with some explosive agent.


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2. Any place where ore, metals, or precious stones are got by digging or washing the soil; as, a placer mine.<-- esp. in gold mine -->

3. Fig.: A rich source of wealth or other good. Shak. Mine dial, a form of magnetic compass used by miners. -- Mine pig, pig iron made wholly from ore; in distinction from cinder pig, which is made from ore mixed with forge or mill cinder.<-- gold mine: (a) a mine where gold is obtained. (b) (Fig.) a rich source of wealth or other good (Mine 3.). --> Raymond.

Miner

Min"er (?), n. [Cf. F. mineur.]

1. One who mines; a digger for metals, etc.; one engaged in the business of getting ore, coal, or precious stones, out of the earth; one who digs military mines; as, armies have sappers and miners.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any of numerous insects which, in the larval state, excavate galleries in the parenchyma of leaves. They are mostly minute moths and dipterous flies. (b) The chattering, or garrulous, honey eater of Australia (Myzantha garrula). Miner's elbow (Med.), a swelling on the black of the elbow due to inflammation of the bursa over the olecranon; -- so called because of frequent occurrence in miners. -- Miner's inch, in hydraulic mining, the amount of water flowing under a given pressure in a given time through a hole one inch in diameter. It is a unit for measuring the quantity of water supplied.

Mineral

Min"er*al (?), n. [F. min\'82ral, LL. minerale, fr. minera mine. See Mine, v. i.]

1. An inorganic species or substance occurring in nature, having a definite chemical composition and usually a distinct crystalline form. Rocks, except certain glassy igneous forms, are either simple minerals or aggregates of minerals.

2. A mine. [Obs.] Shak.

3. Anything which is neither animal nor vegetable, as in the most general classification of things into three kingdoms (animal, vegetable, and mineral).

Mineral

Min"er*al, a.

1. Of or pertaining to minerals; consisting of a mineral or of minerals; as, a mineral substance.

2. Impregnated with minerals; as, mineral waters. Mineral acids (Chem.), inorganic acids, as sulphuric, nitric, phosphoric, hydrochloric, acids, etc., as distinguished from the organic acids. -- Mineral blue, the name usually given to azurite, when reduced to an impalpable powder for coloring purposes. -- Mineral candle, a candle made of paraffine. -- Mineral caoutchouc, an elastic mineral pitch, a variety of bitumen, resembling caoutchouc in elasticity and softness. See Caoutchouc, and Elaterite. -- Mineral chameleon (Chem.) See Chameleon mineral, under Chameleon. -- Mineral charcoal. See under Charcoal. -- Mineral cotton. See Mineral wool (below). -- Mineral green, a green carbonate of copper; malachite. -- Mineral kingdom (Nat. Sci.), that one of the three grand divisions of nature which embraces all inorganic objects, as distinguished from plants or animals. -- Mineral oil. See Naphtha, and Petroleum. -- Mineral paint, a pigment made chiefly of some natural mineral substance, as red or yellow iron ocher. -- Mineral patch. See Bitumen, and Asphalt. -- Mineral right, the right of taking minerals from land. -- Mineral salt (Chem.), a salt of a mineral acid. -- Mineral tallow, a familiar name for hatchettite, from its fatty or spermaceti-like appearance. -- Mineral water. See under Water. -- Mineral wax. See Ozocerite. -- Mineral wool, a fibrous wool-like material, made by blowing a powerful jet of air or steam through melted slag. It is a poor conductor of heat.<-- = glass wool? Also used in sound insulation. -->

Mineralist

Min"er*al*ist, n. [Cf. F. min\'82raliste.] One versed in minerals; mineralogist. [R.]

Mineralization

Min`er*al*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. min\'82ralisation.]

1. The process of mineralizing, or forming a mineral by combination of a metal with another element; also, the process of converting into a mineral, as a bone or a plant.

2. The act of impregnating with a mineral, as water.

3. (Bot.) The conversion of a cell wall into a material of a stony nature.

Mineralize

Min"er*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mineralized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mineralizing (?).] [Cf. F. min\'82raliser.]

1. To transform into a mineral.

In these caverns the bones are not mineralized. Buckland.

2. To impregnate with a mineral; as, mineralized water.

Mineralize

Min"er*al*ize, v. i. To go on an excursion for observing and collecting minerals; to mineralogize.

Mineralizer

Min"er*al*i`zer (?), n. An element which is combined with a metal, thus forming an ore. Thus, in galena, or lead ore, sulphur is a mineralizer; in hematite, oxygen is a mineralizer.

Mineralogical

Min`er*al*og"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. min\'82ralogique. See Mineralogy.] Of or pertaining to mineralogy; as, a mineralogical table.

Mineralogically

Min`er*al*og"ic*al*ly, adv. According to the principles of, or with reference to, mineralogy.

Mineralogist

Min`er*al"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. min\'82ralogiste.]

1. One versed in mineralogy; one devoted to the study of minerals.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A carrier shell (Phorus).

Mineralogize

Min`er*al"o*gize (?), v. i. To study mineralogy by collecting and examining minerals. Miss Edgeworth.

Mineralogy

Min`er*al"o*gy (?), n.; pl. Mineralogies (#). [Mineral + -logy: cf. F. min\'82ralogie.]

1. The science which treats of minerals, and teaches how to describe, distinguish, and classify them.

2. A treatise or book on this science. <-- minerology, minerological = misspelling for mineralogy, mineralogical -->

Minerva

Mi*ner"va (?), n. [L.] (Rom. Myth.) The goddess of wisdom, of war, of the arts and sciences, of poetry, and of spinning and weaving; -- identified with the Grecian Pallas Athene.

Minette

Mi*nette" (?), n. The smallest of regular sizes of portrait photographs.

Minever

Min"e*ver (?), n. Same as Miniver.

Minge

Minge (?), v. t. [AS. myngian; akin to E. mind.] To mingle; to mix. [Obs.]

Minge

Minge, n. [Prob. corrupt. fr. midge.] (Zo\'94l.) A small biting fly; a midge. [Local, U. S.]

Mingle

Min"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mingled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mingling (?).] [From OE. mengen, AS. mengan; akin to D. & G. mengen, Icel. menga, also to E. among, and possibly to mix. Cf. Among, Mongrel.]

1. To mix; intermix; to combine or join, as an individual or part, with other parts, but commonly so as to be distinguishable in the product; to confuse; to confound.

There was... fire mingled with the hail. Ex. ix. 24.

2. To associate or unite in society or by ties of relationship; to cause or allow to intermarry; to intermarry.

The holy seed have mingled themselves with the people of those lands. Ezra ix. 2.

3. To deprive of purity by mixture; to contaminate.

A mingled, imperfect virtue. Rogers.

4. To put together; to join. [Obs.] Shak.

5. To make or prepare by mixing the ingredients of.

[He] proceeded to mingle another draught. Hawthorne.

Mingle

Min"gle, v. i. To become mixed or blended.

Mingle

Min"gle, n. A mixture. [Obs.] Dryden.

Mingleable

Min"gle*a*ble (?), a. That can be mingled. Boyle.

Mingledly

Min"gled*ly (?), adv. Confusedly.

Mingle-mangle

Min"gle-man`gle (?), v. t. [Reduplicated fr. mingle.] To mix in a disorderly way; to make a mess of. [Obs.] Udall.

Mingle-mangle

Min"gle-man`gle, n. A hotchpotch. [Obs.] Latimer.

Minglement

Min"gle*ment (?), n. The act of mingling, or the state of being mixed.

Mingler

Min"gler (?), n. One who mingles.

Minglingly

Min"gling*ly (?), adv. In a mingling manner.

Minaceous

Min`*a"ceous (?), a. Of the color of minium or red lead; miniate.

Miniard

Min"iard (?), a. Migniard. [Obs.]

Miniardize

Min"iard*ize (?), v. t. To render delicate or dainty. [Obs.] Howell.

Miniate

Min"i*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Miniated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Miniating (?).] [L. miniatus, p. p. of miniare. See Minium.] To paint or tinge with red lead or vermilion; also, to decorate with letters, or the like, painted red, as the page of a manuscript. T. Wharton.

Miniate

Min"i*ate (?), a. Of or pertaining to the color of red lead or vermilion; painted with vermilion.

Miniature

Min"i*a*ture (?; 277), n. [It. miniatura, fr. L. miniare. See Miniate, v.,Minium.]

1. Originally, a painting in colors such as those in medi\'91val manuscripts; in modern times, any very small painting, especially a portrait.

2. Greatly diminished size or form; reduced scale.

3. Lettering in red; rubric distinction. [Obs.]

4. A particular feature or trait. [Obs.] Massinger.

Miniature

Min"i*a*ture, a. Being on a small; much reduced from the reality; as, a miniature copy.

Miniature

Min"i*a*ture, v. t. To represent or depict in a small compass, or on a small scale.

Miniaturist

Min"i*a*tur`ist (?), n. A painter of miniatures.

Minibus

Min"i*bus (?), n. [L. minor less + -bus, as in omnibus.] A kind of light passenger vehicle, carrying four persons.

Minie ball

Min"ie ball` (?). [From the inventor, Captain Mini\'82, of France.] A conical rifle bullet, with a cavity in its base plugged with a piece of iron, which, by the explosion of the charge, is driven farther in, expanding the sides to fit closely the grooves of the barrel.

Minie rifle

Min"ie ri"fle (?). A rifle adapted to minie balls.

Minify

Min"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Minified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Minifying (?).] [L. minor less + -fly.]

1. To make small, or smaller; to diminish the apparent dimensions of; to lessen.

2. To degrade by speech or action.

Minikin

Min"i*kin (?), n. [OD. minneken a darling, dim. of minne love; akin to G. minne, and to E. mind.]

1. A little darling; a favorite; a minion. [Obs.] Florio.

2. A little pin. [Obs.]

Minikin

Min"i*kin, a. Small; diminutive. Shak.

Minim

Min"im (?), n. [F. minime, L. minimus the least, smallest, a superl. of minor: cf. It. minima a note in music. See Minor, and cf. Minimum.]

1. Anything very minute; as, the minims of existence; -- applied to animalcula; and the like.

2. The smallest liquid measure, equal to about one drop; the sixtieth part of a fluid drachm.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A small fish; a minnow. [Prov. Eng.]

4. A little man or being; a dwarf. [Obs.] Milton.

5. (Eccl. Hist.) One of an austere order of mendicant hermits of friars founded in the 15th century by St. Francis of Paola.

6. (Mus.) A time note, formerly the shortest in use; a half note, equal to half a semibreve, or two quarter notes or crotchets.

7. A short poetical encomium. [Obs.] Spenser.

Minim

Min"im, a. Minute. "Minim forms." J. R. Drake.

Miniment

Min"i*ment (?), n. [Prob. corrupt. of moniment.] A trifle; a trinket; a token. [Obs.] Spenser.

Minimization

Min`i*mi*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of minimizing. Bentham.

Minimize

Min"i*mize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Minimized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Minimizimg (?).] To reduce to the smallest part or proportion possible; to reduce to a minimum. Bentham.

Minimum

Min"i*mum (?), n.; pl. Minima (#). [L., fr. minimus. See Minim.] The least quantity assignable, admissible, or possible, in a given case; hence, a thing of small consequence; -- opposed to maximum.

Minimum thermometer

Minimum thermometer, a thermometer for recording the lowest temperature since its last adjustment.

Minimus

Min"i*mus (?), n.; pl. Minimi (#). [L. See Minim.]

1. A being of the smallest size. [Obs.] Shak.

2. (Anat.) The little finger; the fifth digit, or that corresponding to it, in either the manus or pes.

Mining

Min"ing (?), n. [See Mine, v. i.] The act or business of making mines or of working them.

Mining

Min"ing, a. Of or pertaining to mines; as, mining engineer; mining machinery; a mining region. Mining engineering. See the Note under Engineering.

Minion

Min"ion (?), n. Minimum. [Obs.] Burton.

Minion

Min"ion, n. [F. mignon, fr. OHG. minni love, G. minne; akin to E. mind. See Mind, and cf. Mignonette.]

1. A loved one; one highly esteemed and favored; -- in a good sense. [Obs.]

God's disciple and his dearest minion. Sylvester.
Is this the Athenian minion whom the world Voiced so regardfully? Shak.

2. An obsequious or servile dependent or agent of another; a fawning favorite. Sir J. Davies.

Go, rate thy minions, proud, insulting boy! Shak.

3. (Print.) A small kind of type, in size between brevier and nonpareil. &hand; This line is printed in minion type.

4. An ancient form of ordnance, the caliber of which was about three inches. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Minion

Min"ion, a. [See 2d Minion.] Fine; trim; dainty. [Obs.] "Their... minion dancing." Fryth.

Minionette

Min`ion*ette" (?), a. Small; delicate. [Obs.] "His minionette face." Walpole.

Minionette

Min"ion*ette, n. (Print.) A size of type between nonpareil and minion; -- used in ornamental borders, etc.

Minioning

Min"ion*ing (?), n. Kind treatment. [Obs.]

Minionize

Min"ion*ize (?), v. t. To flavor. [Obs.]

Minionlike, Minionly

Min"ion*like` (?), Min"ion*ly, a. & adv. Like a minion; daintily. Camden.

Minionship

Min"ion*ship, n. State of being a minion. [R.]

Minious

Min"ious (?), a. [L. minium red lead.] Of the color of red or vermilion. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Minish

Min"ish (?), v. t. [OE. menusen, F. menuiser to make small, cut small, fr. (assumed) LL. minutiare, for minutare, fr. L. minutus small. See Minute, a., and cf. Diminish, Minge.] To diminish; to lessen.
The living of poor men thereby minished. Latimer.

Minishment

Min"ish*ment (?), n. The act of diminishing, or the state of being diminished; diminution. [Obs.]

Minister

Min"is*ter (?), n. [OE. ministre, F. ministre, fr. L. minister, orig. a double comparative from the root of minor less, and hence meaning, an inferior, a servant. See 1st Minor, and cf. Master, Minstrel.]

1. A servant; a subordinate; an officer or assistant of inferior rank; hence, an agent, an instrument.

Moses rose up, and his minister Joshua. Ex. xxiv. 13.
I chose Camillo for the minister, to poison My friend Polixenes. Shak.

2. An officer of justice. [Obs.]

I cry out the on the ministres, quod he, That shoulde keep and rule this cit\'82. Chaucer.

3. One to whom the sovereign or executive head of a government intrusts the management of affairs of state, or some department of such affairs.

Ministers to kings, whose eyes, ears, and hands they are, must be answerable to God and man. Bacon.

4. A representative of a government, sent to the court, or seat of government, of a foreign nation to transact diplomatic business. &hand; Ambassadors are classed (in the diplomatic sense) in the first rank of public ministers, ministers plenipotentiary in the second. "The United States diplomatic service employs two classes of ministers, -- ministers plenipotentiary and ministers resident." Abbott.

5. One who serves at the altar; one who performs sacerdotal duties; the pastor of a church duly authorized or licensed to preach the gospel and administer the sacraments. Addison. Syn. -- Delegate; official; ambassador; clergyman; parson; priest.

Minister

Min"is*ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ministered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ministering.] [OE. ministren, OF. ministrer, fr. L. ministrare. See Minister, n.] To furnish or apply; to afford; to supply; to administer.
He that ministereth seed to the sower. 2 Cor. ix. 10.
We minister to God reason to suspect us. Jer. Taylor.

Minister

Min"is*ter, v. i.

1. To act as a servant, attendant, or agent; to attend and serve; to perform service in any office, sacred or secular.

The Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister. Matt. xx. 28.

2. To supply or to things needful; esp., to supply consolation or remedies. Matt. xxv. 44.

Canst thou not minister to a mind diseased? Shak.

Ministerial

Min`is*te"ri*al (?), a. [L. ministerialis: cf. F. minist\'82riel. See Minister, and cf. Minstrel.]

1. Of or pertaining to ministry or service; serving; attendant.

Enlightening spirits and ministerial flames. Prior.

2. Of or pertaining to the office of a minister or to the ministry as a body, whether civil or sacerdotal. "Ministerial offices." Bacon. "A ministerial measure." Junius. "Ministerial garments." Hooker.

3. Tending to advance or promote; contributive. "Ministerial to intellectual culture." De Quincey. The ministerial benches, the benches in the House of Commons occupied by members of the cabinet and their supporters; -- also, the persons occupying them. "Very solid and very brilliant talents distinguish the ministerial benches." Burke. Syn. -- Official; priestly; sacerdotal; ecclesiastical.

Ministerialist

Min`is*te"ri*al*ist, n. A supporter of the ministers, or the party in power.

Ministerially

Min`is*te"ri*al*ly, adv. In a ministerial manner; in the character or capacity of a minister.

Ministery

Min"is*ter*y (?), n. See Ministry. Milton.

Ministracy

Min"is*tra*cy (?), n. Ministration. [Obs.]

Ministral

Min"is*tral (?), a. Ministerial. [Obs.] Johnson.
Page 927

Ministrant

Min"is*trant (?), a. [L. ministrans, -antis, of ministrare to minister.] Performing service as a minister; attendant on service; acting under command; subordinate. "Princedoms and dominations ministrant." Milton. -- n. One who ministers.

Ministration

Min`is*tra"tion (?), n. [L. ministratio, fr. ministrare.] The act of ministering; service; ministry. "The days of his ministration." Luke i. 23.

Ministrative

Min"is*tra*tive (?), a. Serving to aid; ministering.

Ministress

Min"is*tress (?), n. [Cf. L. ministrix.] A woman who ministers. Akenside.

Ministry

Min"is*try (?), n.; pl. Ministries (#). [L. ministerium. See Minister, n., and cf. Mystery a trade.]

1. The act of ministering; ministration; service. "With tender ministry." Thomson.

2. Hence: Agency; instrumentality.

The ordinary ministry of second causes. Atterbury.
The wicked ministry of arms. Dryden.

3. The office, duties, or functions of a minister, servant, or agent; ecclesiastical, executive, or ambassadorial function or profession.

4. The body of ministers of state; also, the clergy, as a body.

5. Administration; rule; term in power; as, the ministry of Pitt.

Ministryship

Min"is*try*ship, n. The office of a minister. Swift.

Minium

Min"i*um (?; 277), n. [L. minium, an Iberian word, the Romans getting all their cinnabar from Spain; cf. Basque armine\'a0.] (Chem.) A heavy, brilliant red pigment, consisting of an oxide of lead, Pb3O4, obtained by exposing lead or massicot to a gentle and continued heat in the air. It is used as a cement, as a paint, and in the manufacture of flint glass. Called also red lead.<-- also called lead tetroxide, lead orthoplumbate, mineral oange, mineral red, Paris red, Saturn red, and less definitively, lead oxide -->

Miniver

Min"i*ver (?), n. [See Meniver.] A fur esteemed in the Middle Ages as a part of costume. It is uncertain whether it was the fur of one animal only or of different animals.

Minivet

Min"i*vet (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A singing bird of India of the family Campephagid\'91.

Mink

Mink (?), n. [Cf. 2d Minx.] (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous mammal of the genus Putorius, allied to the weasel. The European mink is Putorius lutreola. The common American mink (P. vison) varies from yellowish brown to black. Its fur is highly valued. Called also minx, nurik, and vison.<-- together with sable, one of the most expensive furs not taken from endangerd species. From animals grown on a farm, called ranch mink -->

Minnesinger

Min"ne*sing`er (?), n. [G., fr. minne love + singen to sing.] A love-singer; specifically, one of a class of German poets and musicians who flourished from about the middle of the twelfth to the middle of the fourteenth century. They were chiefly of noble birth, and made love and beauty the subjects of their verses.

Minnow

Min"now, n. [OE. menow, cf. AS. myne; also OE. menuse, OF. menuise small fish; akin to E. minish, minute.] [Written also minow.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A small European fresh-water cyprinoid fish (Phoxinus l\'91vis, formerly Leuciscus phoxinus); sometimes applied also to the young of larger kinds; -- called also minim and minny. The name is also applied to several allied American species, of the genera Phoxinus, Notropis, or Minnilus, and Rhinichthys.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any of numerous small American cyprinodont fishes of the genus Fundulus, and related genera. They live both in fresh and in salt water. Called also killifish, minny, and mummichog.<-- see mummichog -->

Minny

Min"ny (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A minnow.

Mino bird

Mi"no bird" (?). [Hind. main\'be.] (Zo\'94l.) An Asiatic bird (Gracula musica), allied to the starlings. It is black, with a white spot on the wings, and a pair of flat yellow wattles on the head. It is often tamed and taught to pronounce words.

Minor

Mi"nor (?), a. [L., a comparative with no positive; akin to AS. min small, G. minder less, OHG. minniro, a., min, adv., Icel. minni, a., minnr, adv., Goth. minniza, a., mins, adv., Ir. & Gael. min small, tender, L. minuere to lessen, Gr. mi to damage. Cf. Minish, Minister, Minus, Minute.]

1. Inferior in bulk, degree, importance, etc.; less; smaller; of little account; as, minor divisions of a body.

2. (Mus.) Less by a semitone in interval or difference of pitch; as, a minor third. Asia Minor (Geog.), the Lesser Asia; that part of Asia which lies between the Euxine, or Black Sea, on the north, and the Mediterranean on the south. -- Minor mode (Mus.), that mode, or scale, in which the third and sixth are minor, -- much used for mournful and solemn subjects. -- Minor orders (Eccl.), the rank of persons employed in ecclesiastical offices who are not in holy orders, as doorkeepers, acolytes, etc. -- Minor scale (Mus.) The form of the minor scale is various. The strictly correct form has the third and sixth minor, with a semitone between the seventh and eighth, which involves an augmented second interval, or three semitones, between the sixth and seventh, as, 6/F, 7/G♯, 8/A. But, for melodic purposes, both the sixth and the seventh are sometimes made major in the ascending, and minor in the descending, scale, thus: -- <-- Comm: an illustration of a bar with ascending and descending notes on a minor scale --> See Major. -- Minor term of syllogism (Logic), the subject of the conclusion.

Minor

Mi"nor (?), n.

1. A person of either sex who has not attained the age at which full civil rights are accorded; an infant; in England and the United States, one under twenty-one years of age. &hand; In hereditary monarchies, the minority of a sovereign ends at an earlier age than of a subject. The minority of a sovereign of Great Britain ends upon the completion of the eighteenth year of his age.

2. (Logic) The minor term, that is, the subject of the conclusion; also, the minor premise, that is, that premise which contains the minor term; in hypothetical syllogisms, the categorical premise. It is the second proposition of a regular syllogism, as in the following: Every act of injustice partakes of meanness; to take money from another by gaming is an act of injustice; therefore, the taking of money from another by gaming partakes of meanness.

3. A Minorite; a Franciscan friar.

Minorate

Mi"nor*ate (?), v. t. [L. minoratus; p. p. of minorare to diminish, fr. minor, a. See 1st Minor.] To diminish. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Minoration

Mi`nor*a"tion (?), n. [L. minoratio: cf. F. minoration.] A diminution. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Minoress

Mi"nor*ess (?), n. See Franciscan Nuns, under Franciscan, a.

Minorite

Mi"nor*ite (?), n. [L. minor less. Cf. 2d Minor, 3.] A Franciscan friar.

Minority

Mi*nor"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Minorities (#). [Cf. F. minorit\'82. See Minor, a. & n.]

1. The state of being a minor, or under age.

2. State of being less or small. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

3. The smaller number; -- opposed to majority; as, the minority must be ruled by the majority.

Minos

Mi"nos (?), n. [Gr. (Class. Myth.) A king and lawgiver of Crete, fabled to be the son of Jupiter and Europa. After death he was made a judge in the Lower Regions.

Minotaur

Min"o*taur (?), n. [L. Minotaurus, Gr. Mi`nos, the husband of Pasipha\'89 + tay^ros a bull, the Minotaur being the offspring of Pasipha\'89 and a bull: cf. F. minotaure.] (Class. Myth.) A fabled monster, half man and half bull, confined in the labyrinth constructed by D\'91dalus in Crete.

Minow

Min"ow (?), n. See Minnow.

Minster

Min"ster (?), n. [AS. mynster, fr. L. monasterium. See Monastery.] (Arch.) A church of a monastery. The name is often retained and applied to the church after the monastery has ceased to exist (as Beverly Minster, Southwell Minster, etc.), and is also improperly used for any large church. Minster house, the official house in which the canons of a cathedral live in common or in rotation. Shipley.

Minstrel

Min"strel (?), n. [OE. minstrel, menestral, OF. menestrel, fr. LL. ministerialis servant, workman (cf. ministrellus harpist), fr. L. ministerium service. See Ministry, and cf. Ministerial.] In the Middle Ages, one of an order of men who subsisted by the arts of poetry and music, and sang verses to the accompaniment of a harp or other instrument; in modern times, a poet; a bard; a singer and harper; a musician. Chaucer.

Minstrelsy

Min"strel*sy (?), n.

1. The arts and occupation of minstrels; the singing and playing of a minstrel.

2. Musical instruments. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. A collective body of minstrels, or musicians; also, a collective body of minstrels' songs. Chaucer. "The minstrelsy of heaven." Milton.

Mint

Mint (?), n. [AS. minte, fr. L. mentha, Gr. (Bot.) The name of several aromatic labiate plants, mostly of the genus Mentha, yielding odoriferous essential oils by distillation. See Mentha. <-- each of the following types can also be labeled as subtypes --> &hand; Corn mint is Mentha arvensis. -- Horsemint is M. sylvestris, and in the United States Monarda punctata, which differs from the true mints in several respects. -- Mountain mint is any species of the related genus Pycnanthemum, common in North America. -- Peppermint is M. piperita. -- Spearmint is M. viridis. -- Water mint is M. aquatica. Mint camphor. (Chem.) See Menthol. -- Mint julep. See Julep. -- Mint sauce, a sauce flavored with spearmint, for meats.

Mint

Mint, n. [AS. mynet money, coin, fr. L. moneta the mint, coined money, fr. Moneta, a surname of Juno, in whose at Rome money was coined; akin to monere to warn, admonish, AS. manian, and to E. mind. See Mind, and cf. Money, Monition.]

1. A place where money is coined by public authority.

2. Hence: Any place regarded as a source of unlimited supply; the supply itself.

A mint of phrases in his brain. Shak.

Mint

Mint, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Minted; p. pr. & vb. n. Minting.] [AS. mynetian.]

1. To make by stamping, as money; to coin; to make and stamp into money.

2. To invent; to forge; to fabricate; to fashion.

Titles... of such natures as may be easily minted. Bacon.
Minting mill, a coining press.

Mintage

Mint"age (?), n.

1. The coin, or other production, made in a mint.

Stamped in clay, a heavenly mintage. Sterling.

2. The duty paid to the mint for coining.

Minter

Mint"er (?), n. One who mints.

Mintman

Mint"man (?), n.; pl. Mintmen (. One skilled in coining, or in coins; a coiner.

Mint-master

Mint"-mas`ter (?), n. The master or superintendent of a mint. Also used figuratively.

Minuend

Min"u*end (?), n. [L. minuendus to be diminished, fr. minuere to lessen, diminish. See Minish.] (Arith.) The number from which another number is to be subtracted.

Minuet

Min"u*et (?), n. [F., fr. menu small, L. minutus small. So called on account of the short steps of the dance. See 4th Minute.]

1. A slow graceful dance consisting of a coupee, a high step, and a balance.

2. (Mus.) A tune or air to regulate the movements of the dance so called; a movement in suites, sonatas, symphonies, etc., having the dance form, and commonly in 3-4, sometimes 3-8, measure.

Minum

Min"um (?), n. [See 2d Minion, Minum, 6.] [Obs.]

1. A small kind of printing type; minion.

2. (Mus.) A minim.

Minus

Mi"nus (?), a. [L. See Minor, and cf. Mis- pref. from the French.] (Math.) Less; requiring to be subtracted; negative; as, a minus quantity. Minus sign (Math.), the sign [-] denoting minus, or less, prefixed to negative quantities, or quantities to be subtracted. See Negative sign, under Negative.

Minuscule

Mi*nus"cule (?), n. [L. minusculus rather small, fr. minus less: cf. F. minuscule.]

1. Any very small, minute object.

2. A small Roman letter which is neither capital nor uncial; a manuscript written in such letters. -- a. Of the size and style of minuscules; written in minuscules.

These minuscule letters are cursive forms of the earlier uncials. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

Minutary

Min"u*ta*ry (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, minutes. [Obs.] Fuller.

Minute

Min"ute (?; 277), n. [LL. minuta a small portion, small coin, fr. L. minutus small: cf. F. minute. See 4th Minute.]

1. The sixtieth part of an hour; sixty seconds. (Abbrev. m.; as, 4 h. 30 m.)

Four minutes, that is to say, minutes of an hour. Chaucer.

2. The sixtieth part of a degree; sixty seconds (Marked thus (\'bf); as, 10° 20\'bf.)

3. A nautical or a geographic mile.

4. A coin; a half farthing. [Obs.] Wyclif (Mark xii. 42)

5. A very small part of anything, or anything very small; a jot; a tittle. [Obs.]

Minutes and circumstances of his passion. Jer. Taylor.

6. A point of time; a moment.

I go this minute to attend the king. Dryden.

7. The memorandum; a record; a note to preserve the memory of anything; as, to take minutes of a contract; to take minutes of a conversation or debate.

8. (Arch.) A fixed part of a module. See Module. &hand; Different writers take as the minute one twelfth, one eighteenth, one thirtieth, or one sixtieth part of the module.

Minute

Min"ute, a. Of or pertaining to a minute or minutes; occurring at or marking successive minutes. Minute bell, a bell tolled at intervals of a minute, as to give notice of a death or a funeral. -- Minute book, a book in which written minutes are entered. -- Minute glass, a glass measuring a minute or minutes by the running of sand. -- Minute gun, a discharge of a cannon repeated every minute as a sign of distress or mourning. -- Minute hand, the long hand of a watch or clock, which makes the circuit of the dial in an hour, and marks the minutes.

Minute

Min"ute, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Minuted; p. pr. & vb. n. Minuting.] To set down a short sketch or note of; to jot down; to make a minute or a brief summary of.
The Empress of Russia, with her own hand, minuted an edict for universal tolerance. Bancroft.

Minute

Mi*nute" (?), a. [L. minutus, p. p. of minuere to lessen. See Minish, Minor, and cf. Menu, Minuet.]

1. Very small; little; tiny; fine; slight; slender; inconsiderable. "Minute drops." Milton.

2. Attentive to small things; paying attention to details; critical; particular; precise; as, a minute observer; minute observation. Syn. -- Little; diminutive; fine; critical; exact; circumstantial; particular; detailed. -- Minute, Circumstantial, Particular. A circumstantial account embraces all the leading events; a particular account includes each event and movement, though of but little importance; a minute account goes further still, and omits nothing as to person, time, place, adjuncts, etc.

Minute-jack

Mi*nute"-jack` (?), n.

1. A figure which strikes the hour on the bell of some fanciful clocks; -- called also jack of the clock house.

2. A timeserver; an inconstant person. Shak.

Minutely

Mi*nute"ly (?), adv. [From 4th Minute.] In a minute manner; with minuteness; exactly; nicely.

Minutely

Min"ute*ly (?), a. [From 1st Minute.] Happening every minute; continuing; unceasing. [Obs.]
Throwing themselves absolutely upon God's minutely providence. Hammond.

Minutely

Min"ute*ly, adv. At intervals of a minute; very often and regularly. J. Philips.
Minutely proclaimed in thunder from heaven. Hammond.

Minuteman

Min"ute*man (?), n.; pl. Minutemen (. A militiaman who was to be ready to march at a moment's notice; -- a term used in the American Revolution.

Minuteness

Mi*nute"ness (?), n. The quality of being minute.

Minutia

Mi*nu"ti*a, n.; pl. Minuti\'91 (-&emac;). [L., fr. minutus small, minute. See 4th Minute.] A minute particular; a small or minor detail; -- used chiefly in the plural.

Minx

Minx (?), n. [Prob. of Low German origin; cf. LG. minsk wench, jade, hussy, D. mensch; prop. the same word as D. & G. mensch man, human being, OHG. mennisco, AS. mennisc, fr. man. See Man.]

1. A pert or a wanton girl. Shak.

2. A she puppy; a pet dog. [Obs.] Udall.

Minx

Minx, n. [See Mink.] (Zo\'94l.) The mink; -- called also minx otter. [Obs.]
Page 928

Miny

Min"y (?), a. Abounding with mines; like a mine. "Miny caverns." Thomson.

Miocene

Mi"o*cene (?), a. [Gr. (Geol.) Of or pertaining to the middle division of the Tertiary. -- n. The Miocene period. See Chart of Geology.

Miohippus

Mi`o*hip"pus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct Miocene mammal of the Horse family, closely related to the genus Anhithecrium, and having three usable hoofs on each foot.

Miquelet

Miq"ue*let (?), n. [Sp. miquelete.] (Mil.) An irregular or partisan soldier; a bandit.

Mir

Mir (?), n. A Russian village community. D. M. Wallace.

Mir

Mir, n. [Per. m\'c6r.] Same as Emir.

Mira

Mi"ra (?), n. [NL., from L. mirus wonderful.] (Astron.) A remarkable variable star in the constellation Cetus (ο Ceti).

Mirabilary

Mi*rab"i*la*ry (?), n.; pl. Mirabilaries (. One who, or a work which, narrates wonderful things; one who writes of wonders. [Obs.] Bacon.

Mirabilis

Mi*rab"i*lis (?), n. [L., wonderful.] (Bot.) A genus of plants. See Four-o'clock.

Mirabilite

Mi*rab"i*lite (?), n. (Min.) Native sodium sulphate; Glauber's salt.

Mirable

Mi"ra*ble (?), a. [L. mirabilis, fr. mirari to wonder: cf. OF. mirable. See Marvel.] Wonderful; admirable. [Obs.] Shak.

Miracle

Mir"a*cle (?), n. [F., fr. L. miraculum, fr. mirari to wonder. See Marvel, and cf. Mirror.]

1. A wonder or wonderful thing.

That miracle and queen of genus. Shak.

2. Specifically: An event or effect contrary to the established constitution and course of things, or a deviation from the known laws of nature; a supernatural event, or one transcending the ordinary laws by which the universe is governed.

They considered not the miracle of the loaves. Mark vi. 52.

3. A miracle play.

4. A story or legend abounding in miracles. [Obs.]

When said was all this miracle. Chaucer.
Miracle monger, an impostor who pretends to work miracles. -- Miracle play, one of the old dramatic entertainments founded on legends of saints and martyrs or (see 2d Mystery, 2) on events related in the Bible.

Miracle

Mir"a*cle, v. t. To make wonderful. [Obs.] Shak.

Miraculize

Mi*rac"u*lize (?), v. t. To cause to seem to be a miracle. [R.] Shaftesbury.

Miraculous

Mi*rac"u*lous (?), a. [F. miraculeux. See Miracle.]

1. Of the nature of a miracle; performed by supernatural power; effected by the direct agency of almighty power, and not by natural causes.

2. Supernatural; wonderful.

3. Wonder-working. "The miraculous harp." Shak. -- Mi*rac"u*lous*ly, adv. -- Mi*rac"u*lous*ness, n.

Mirador

Mir`a*dor" (?), n. [Sp., fr. mirar to behold, view. See Mirror.] (Arch.) Same as Belvedere.

Mirage

Mi`rage" (?), n. [F., fr. mirer to look at carefully, to aim, se mirer to look at one's self in a glass, to reflect, to be reflected, LL. mirare to look at. See Mirror.] An optical effect, sometimes seen on the ocean, but more frequently in deserts, due to total reflection of light at the surface common to two strata of air differently heated. The reflected image is seen, commonly in an inverted position, while the real object may or may not be in sight. When the surface is horizontal, and below the eye, the appearance is that of a sheet of water in which the object is seen reflected; when the reflecting surface is above the eye, the image is seen projected against the sky. The fata Morgana and looming are species of mirage.
By the mirage uplifted the land floats vague in the ether, Ships and the shadows of ships hang in the motionless air. Longfellow.

Mirbane

Mir"bane (?), n. See Nitrobenzene.

Mire

Mire (?), n. [AS. m\'c6re, m; akin to D. mier, Icel. maurr, Dan. myre, Sw. myra; cf. also Ir. moirbh, Gr. An ant. [Obs.] See Pismire.

Mire

Mire, n. [OE. mire, myre; akin to Icel. m swamp, Sw. myra marshy ground, and perh. to E. moss.] Deep mud; wet, spongy earth. Chaucer.
He his rider from the lofty steed Would have cast down and trod in dirty mire. Spenser.
Mire crow (Zo\'94l.), the pewit, or laughing gull. [Prov. Eng.] -- Mire drum, the European bittern. [Prov. Eng.]

Mire

Mire, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Miring.]

1. To cause or permit to stick fast in mire; to plunge or fix in mud; as, to mire a horse or wagon.

2. To soil with mud or foul matter.

Smirched thus and mired with infamy. Shak.

Mire

Mire, v. i. To stick in mire. Shak.

Mirific, Mirifical

Mi*rif"ic (?), Mi*rif"ic*al (?), a. [L. mirificus; mirus wonderful + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.] Working wonders; wonderful.

Mirificent

Mi*rif"i*cent (?), a. Wonderful. [Obs.]

Miriness

Mir"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being miry.

Mirk

Mirk (?), a. [See Murky.] Dark; gloomy; murky. Spenser. Mrs. Browning.

Mirk

Mirk, n. Darkness; gloom; murk. "In mirk and mire." Longfellow.

Mirksome

Mirk"some (?), a. Dark; gloomy; murky. [Archaic] Spenser. -- Mirk"some*ness, n. [Archaic]

Mirky

Mirk"y (?), a. Dark; gloomy. See Murky.

Mirror

Mir"ror (?), n. [OE. mirour, F. miroir, OF. also mireor, fr. (assumed) LL. miratorium, fr. mirare to look at, L. mirari to wonder. See Marvel, and cf. Miracle, Mirador.]

1. A looking-glass or a speculum; any glass or polished substance that forms images by the reflection of rays of light.

And in her hand she held a mirror bright, Wherein her face she often view\'8ad fair. Spenser.

2. That which gives a true representation, or in which a true image may be seen; hence, a pattern; an exemplar.

She is mirour of all courtesy. Chaucer.
O goddess, heavenly bright, Mirror of grace and majesty divine. Spenser.

3. (Zo\'94l.) See Speculum. Mirror carp (Zo\'94l.), a domesticated variety of the carp, having only three or fur rows of very large scales side. -- Mirror plate. (a) A flat glass mirror without a frame. (b) Flat glass used for making mirrors. -- Mirror writing, a manner or form of backward writing, making manuscript resembling in slant and order of letters the reflection of ordinary writing in a mirror. The substitution of this manner of writing for the common manner is a symptom of some kinds of nervous disease.

Mirror

Mir"ror (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mirrored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mirroring.] To reflect, as in a mirror.

Mirth

Mirth (?), n. [OE. mirthe, murthe, merthe, AS. myr&edh;, myrg&edh;, merh&edh;, mirh&edh;. See Merry.]

1. Merriment; gayety accompanied with laughter; jollity.

Then will I cause to cease ... from the streets of Jerusalem, the voice of mirth. Jer. vii. 34.

2. That which causes merriment. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- Merriment; joyousness; gladness; fun; frolic; glee; hilarity; festivity; jollity. See Gladness.

Mirthful

Mirth"ful (?), a.

1. Full of mirth or merriment; merry; as, mirthful children.

2. Indicating or inspiring mirth; as, a mirthful face.

Mirthful, comic shows. Shak.
-- Mirth"ful*ly, adv. -- Mirth"ful*ness, n.

Mirthless

Mirth"less, a. Without mirth. -- Mirth"less*ness, n.

Miry

Mir"y (?), a. [From 2d Mire.] Abounding with deep mud; full of mire; muddy; as, a miry road.

Mirza

Mir"za (?), n. [Per. m\'c6rz\'be, abbrev. fr. m\'c6rz\'bedeh son of the prince; m\'c6r prince (Ar. am\'c6r, em\'c6r) + z\'bedeh son.] The common title of honor in Persia, prefixed to the surname of an individual. When appended to the surname, it signifies Prince.

Mis-

Mis- (?). [In words of Teutonic origin, fr. AS. mis-; akin to D. mis-, G. miss-, OHG. missa-, missi-, Icel. & Dan. mis-, Sw. miss-, Goth. missa-; orig., a p. p. from the root of G. meiden to shun, OHG. m\'c6dan, AS. m\'c6 (Miss to fail of). In words from the French, fr. OF. mes-, F. m\'82-, mes-, fr. L. minus less (see Minus). In present usage these two prefixes are commonly confounded.] A prefix used adjectively and adverbially in the sense of amiss, wrong, ill, wrongly, unsuitably; as, misdeed, mislead, mischief, miscreant.

Mis

Mis (?), a. & adv. [See Amiss.] Wrong; amiss. [Obs.] "To correcten that [which] is mis." Chaucer.

Misacceptation

Mis*ac`cep*ta"tion (?), n. Wrong acceptation; understanding in a wrong sense.

Misaccompt

Mis`ac*compt" (?), v. t. To account or reckon wrongly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Misadjust

Mis`ad*just" (?), v. t. To adjust wrongly of unsuitably; to throw of adjustment. I. Taylor.

Misadjustment

Mis`ad*just"ment (?), n. Wrong adjustment; unsuitable arrangement.

Misadventure

Mis`ad*ven"ture (?; 135), n. [OE. mesaventure, F. m\'82saventure.] Mischance; misfortune; ill lick; unlucky accident; ill adventure. Chaucer. Homicide by misadventure (Law), homicide which occurs when a man, doing a lawful act, without any intention of injury, unfortunately kills another; -- called also excusable homicide. See Homicide. Blackstone. Syn. -- Mischance; mishap; misfortune; disaster; calamity.

Misadventured

Mis`ad*ven"tured (?), a. Unfortunate. [Obs.]

Misadventurous

Mis`ad*ven"tur*ous (?), a. Unfortunate.

Misadvertence

Mis`ad*vert"ence (?), n. Inadvertence.

Misadvice

Mis`ad*vice" (?), n. Bad advice.

Misadvise

Mis`ad*vise" (?), v. t. To give bad counsel to.

Misadvised

Mis`ad*vised" (?), a. Ill advised. -- Mis`ad*vis"ed*ly (#), adv.

Misaffect

Mis`af*fect" (?), v. t. To dislike. [Obs.]

Misaffected

Mis`af*fect"ed, a. Ill disposed. [Obs.]

Misaffection

Mis`af*fec"tion (?), n. An evil or wrong affection; the state of being ill affected. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Misaffirm

Mis`af*firm" (?), v. t. To affirm incorrectly.

Misaimed

Mis*aimed" (?), a. Not rightly aimed. Spenser.

Misallegation

Mis*al`le*ga"tion (?), n. A erroneous statement or allegation. Bp. Hall.

Misallege

Mis`al*lege" (?), v. t. To state erroneously.

Misalliance

Mis`al*li"ance (?), n. [F. m\'82salliance.] A marriage with a person of inferior rank or social station; an improper alliance; a mesalliance.
A Leigh had made a misalliance, and blushed A Howard should know it. Mrs. Browning.

Misallied

Mis`al*lied" (?), a. Wrongly allied or associated.

Misallotment

Mis`al*lot"ment (?), n. A wrong allotment.

Misalter

Mis*al"ter (?), v. t. To alter wrongly; esp., to alter for the worse. Bp. Hall.

Misanthrope

Mis"an*thrope (?), n. [Gr. misanthrope
. Cf. Miser.]
A hater of mankind; a misanthropist.

Misanthropic, Misanthropical

Mis`an*throp"ic (?), Mis`an*throp"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. misanthropique.] Hating or disliking mankind.

Misanthropist

Mis*an"thro*pist (?), n. A misanthrope.

Misanthropos

Mis*an"thro*pos (?), n. [NL. See Misanthrope.] A misanthrope. [Obs.] Shak.

Misanthropy

Mis*an"thro*py (?), n. [Gr. misanthropie.] Hatred of, or dislike to, mankind; -- opposed to philanthropy. Orrery.

Misapplication

Mis*ap`pli*ca"tion (?), n. A wrong application. Sir T. Browne.

Misapply

Mis`ap*ply" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misapplied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misapplying.] To apply wrongly; to use for a wrong purpose; as, to misapply a name or title; to misapply public money.

Misappreciated

Mis`ap*pre"ci*a`ted (?), a. Improperly appreciated.

Misapprehend

Mis*ap`pre*hend" (?), v. t. To take in a wrong sense; to misunderstand. Locke.

Misapprehension

Mis*ap`pre*hen"sion (?), n. A mistaking or mistake; wrong apprehension of one's meaning of a fact; misconception; misunderstanding.

Misapprehensively

Mis*ap`pre*hen"sive*ly (?), adv. By, or with, misapprehension.

Misappropriate

Mis`ap*pro"pri*ate (?), v. t. To appropriate wrongly; to use for a wrong purpose.

Misappropriation

Mis`ap*pro`pri*a"tion (?), n. Wrong appropriation; wrongful use.

Misarrange

Mis`ar*range" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misarranged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misarranging (?).] To place in a wrong order, or improper manner.

Misarrangement

Mis`ar*range"ment (?), n. Wrong arrangement.

Misarcribe

Mis`ar*cribe" (?), v. t. To ascribe wrongly.

Misassay

Mis`as*say" (?), v. t. To assay, or attempt, improperly or unsuccessfully. [Obs.] W. Browne.

Misassign

Mis`as*sign" (?), v. t. To assign wrongly.

Misattend

Mis`at*tend" (?), v. t. To misunderstand; to disregard. [Obs.] Milton.

Misaventure

Mis`a*ven"ture (?), n. Misadventure. [Obs.]

Misavize

Mis`a*vize" (?), v. t. To misadvise. [Obs.]

Misbear

Mis*bear" (?), v. t. To carry improperly; to carry (one's self) wrongly; to misbehave. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Misbecome

Mis`be*come" (?), v. t. Not to become; to suit ill; not to befit or be adapted to. Macaulay.
Thy father will not act what misbecomes him. Addison.

Misbecoming

Mis`be*com"ing, a. Unbecoming. Milton. -- Mis`be*com"ing*ly, adv. -- Mis`be*com"ing*ness, n. Boyle.

Misbede

Mis*bede" (?), v. t. [imp. Misbode (?); p. p. Misboden (?).] [AS. mis-be\'93dan.] To wrong; to do injury to. [Obs.]
Who hath you misboden or offended? Chaucer.

Misbefitting

Mis`be*fit"ting (?), a. No befitting.

Misbegot, Misbegotten

Mis`be*got" (?), Mis`be*got"ten (, p. a. Unlawfully or irregularly begotten; of bad origin; pernicious. "Valor misbegot." Shak.

Misbehave

Mis`be*have" (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Misbehaved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misbehaving.] To behave ill; to conduct one's self improperly; -- often used with a reciprocal pronoun.

Misbehaved

Mis`be*haved" (?), a. Guilty of ill behavior; illbred; rude. "A misbehaved and sullen wench." Shak.

Misbehavior

Mis`be*hav"ior (?), n. Improper, rude, or uncivil behavior; ill conduct. Addison.

Misbelief

Mis`be*lief" (?), n. Erroneous or false belief.

Misbelieve

Mis`be*lieve" (?) (, v. i. To believe erroneously, or in a false religion. "That misbelieving Moor." Shak.

Misbeliever

Mis`be*liev"er (?), n. One who believes wrongly; one who holds a false religion. Shak.

Misbeseem

Mis`be*seem" (?), v. t. To suit ill.

Misbestow

Mis`be*stow" (?), v. t. To bestow improperly.

Misbestowal

Mis`be*stow"al (?), n. The act of misbestowing.

Misbileve

Mis`bi*leve" (?), n. Misbelief; unbelief; suspicion. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Misbode

Mis*bode" (?), imp. of Misbede.

Misboden

Mis*bo"den (?), p. p. of Misbede.

Misborn

Mis"born` (?), a. Born to misfortune. Spenser.

Miscalculate

Mis*cal"cu*late (?), v. t. & i. To calculate erroneously; to judge wrongly. -- Mis*cal`cu*la"tion (#), n.

Miscall

Mis*call" (?), v. t.

1. To call by a wrong name; to name improperly.

2. To call by a bad name; to abuse. [Obs.] Fuller.

Miscarriage

Mis*car"riage (?), n.

1. Unfortunate event or issue of an undertaking; failure to attain a desired result or reach a destination.

When a counselor, to save himself, Would lay miscarriages upon his prince. Dryden.

2. Ill conduct; evil or improper behavior; as, the failings and miscarriages of the righteous. Rogers.

3. The act of bringing forth before the time; premature birth.

Miscarriageable

Mis*car"riage*a*ble (?), a. Capable of miscarrying; liable to fail. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Miscarry

Mis*car"ry (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Miscarried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Miscarrying.]

1. To carry, or go, wrong; to fail of reaching a destination, or fail of the intended effect; to be unsuccessful; to suffer defeat.

My ships have all miscarried. Shak.
The cardinal's letters to the pope miscarried. Shak.

2. To bring forth young before the proper time.

Miscast

Mis*cast" (?), v. t. To cast or reckon wrongly.

Miscast

Mis*cast", n. An erroneous cast or reckoning.

Miscegenation

Mis`ce*ge*na"tion (?), n. [L. miscere to mix + the root of genus race.] A mixing of races; amalgamation, as by intermarriage of black and white.

Miscellanarian

Mis`cel*la*na"ri*an (?), a. [See Miscellany.] Of or pertaining to miscellanies. Shaftesbury. -- n. A writer of miscellanies.

Miscellane

Mis"cel*lane (?), n. [See Miscellaneous, and cf. Maslin.] A mixture of two or more sorts of grain; -- now called maslin and meslin. Bacon.

Miscellanea

Mis"cel*la"ne*a (?), n. pl. [L. See Miscellany.] A collection of miscellaneous matters; matters of various kinds.

Miscellaneous

Mis`cel*la"ne*ous (?), a. [L. miscellaneus mixed, miscellaneous, fr. miscellus mixed, fr. miscere to mix. See Mix, and cf. Miscellany.] Mixed; mingled; consisting of several things; of diverse sorts; promiscuous; heterogeneous; as, a miscellaneous collection. "A miscellaneous rabble." Milton. -- Mis`cel*la"ne*ous*ly, adv. -- Mis`cel*la"ne*ous*ness, n.

Miscellanist

Mis"cel*la*nist (?), n. A writer of miscellanies; miscellanarian.

Miscellany

Mis"cel*la*ny (?), n.; pl. Miscellanies (#). [L. miscellanea, neut. pl. of. miscellaneus: cf. F. miscellan\'82e, pl. miscellan\'82es. See Miscellaneous.] A mass or mixture of various things; a medley; esp., a collection of compositions on various subjects.
'T is but a bundle or miscellany of sin; sins original, and sins actual. Hewyt.
Miscellany madam, a woman who dealt in various fineries; a milliner. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Page 929

Miscellany

Mis"cel*la*ny (?), a. Miscellaneous; heterogeneous. [Obs.] Bacon.

Miscensure

Mis*cen"sure (?), v. t. To misjudge. [Obs.] Daniel. -- n. Erroneous judgment. [Obs.] Sylvester.

Mischance

Mis*chance" (?), n. [OE. meschance, OF. mescheance.] Ill luck; ill fortune; mishap. Chaucer.
Never come mischance between us twain. Shak.
Syn. -- Calamity; misfortune; misadventure; mishap; infelicity; disaster. See Calamity.

Mischance

Mis*chance", v. i. To happen by mischance. Spenser.

Mischanceful

Mis*chance"ful (?), a. Unlucky. R. Browning.

Mischaracterize

Mis*char"ac*ter*ize (?), v. t. To characterize falsely or erroneously; to give a wrong character to.
They totally mischaracterize the action. Eton.

Mischarge

Mis*charge" (?), v. t. To charge erroneously, as in account. -- n. A mistake in charging.

Mischief

Mis"chief (?), n. [OE. meschef bad result, OF. meschief; pref. mes- (L. minus less) + chief end, head, F. chef chief. See Minus, and Chief.]

1. Harm; damage; esp., disarrangement of order; trouble or vexation caused by human agency or by some living being, intentionally or not; often, calamity, mishap; trivial evil caused by thoughtlessness, or in sport. Chaucer.

Thy tongue deviseth mischiefs. Ps. lii. 2.
The practice whereof shall, I hope, secure me from many mischiefs. Fuller.

2. Cause of trouble or vexation; trouble. Milton.

The mischief was, these allies would never allow that the common enemy was subdued. Swift.
To be in mischief, to be doing harm or causing annoyance. -- To make mischief, to do mischief, especially by exciting quarrels. -- To play the mischief, to cause great harm; to throw into confusion. [Colloq.] Syn. -- Damage; harm; hurt; injury; detriment; evil; ill. -- Mischief, Damage, Harm. Damage is an injury which diminishes the value of a thing; harm is an injury which causes trouble or inconvenience; mischief is an injury which disturbs the order and consistency of things. We often suffer damage or harm from accident, but mischief always springs from perversity or folly.

Mischief

Mis"chief, v. t. To do harm to. [Obs.] Milton.

Mischiefable

Mis"chief*a*ble (?), a. Mischievous. [R.] Lydgate.

Mischiefful

Mis"chief*ful (?), a. Mischievous. [Obs.] Foote.

Mischief-maker

Mis"chief-mak`er (?), n. One who makes mischief; one who excites or instigates quarrels or enmity.

Mischief-making

Mis"chief-mak`ing, a. Causing harm; exciting enmity or quarrels. Rowe. -- n. The act or practice of making mischief, inciting quarrels, etc.

Mischievous

Mis"chie*vous (?), a. Causing mischief; harmful; hurtful; -- now often applied where the evil is done carelessly or in sport; as, a mischievous child. "Most mischievous foul sin." Shak.
This false, wily, doubling disposition is intolerably mischievous to society. South.
Syn. -- Harmful; hurtful; detrimental; noxious; pernicious; destructive. -- Mis"chie*vous*ly, adv. -- Mis"chie*vous*ness, n.

Mischna

Misch"na (?), n. See Mishna.

Mischnic

Misch"nic (?), a. See Mishnic.

Mischoose

Mis*choose" (?), v. t. [imp. Mischose (?); p. p. Mischosen (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mischoosing.] To choose wrongly. Milton.

Mischoose

Mis*choose", v. i. To make a wrong choice.

Mischristen

Mis*chris"ten (?), v. t. To christen wrongly.

Miscibility

Mis`ci*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. miscibilit\'82.] Capability of being mixed.

Miscible

Mis"ci*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. miscible, fr. L. miscere to mix.] Capable of being mixed; mixable; as, water and alcohol are miscible in all proportions. Burke.

Miscitation

Mis`ci*ta"tion (?), n. Erroneous citation.

Miscite

Mis*cite", v. t. To cite erroneously.

Misclaim

Mis*claim" (?), n. A mistaken claim.

Miscognizant

Mis*cog"ni*zant (?), a. (Law) Not cognizant; ignorant; not knowing.

Miscognize

Mis*cog"nize (?), v. t. To fail to apprehend; to misunderstand. [Obs.] Holland.

Miscollocation

Mis*col`lo*ca"tion (?), n. Wrong collocation. De Quincey.

Miscolor

Mis*col"or (?), v. t. To give a wrong color to; figuratively, to set forth erroneously or unfairly; as, to miscolor facts. C. Kingsley.

Miscomfort

Mis*com"fort (?), n. Discomfort. [Obs.]

Miscomprehend

Mis*com`pre*hend" (?), v. t. To get a wrong idea of or about; to misunderstand.

Miscomputation

Mis*com`pu*ta"tion (?), n. Erroneous computation; false reckoning.

Miscompute

Mis`com*pute" (?), v. t. [Cf. Miscount.] To compute erroneously. Sir T. Browne.

Misconceit

Mis`con*ceit" (?), n. Misconception. [Obs.]

Misconceive

Mis`con*ceive" (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Misconceived (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misconceiving.] To conceive wrongly; to interpret incorrectly; to receive a false notion of; to misjudge; to misapprehend.
Those things which, for want of due consideration heretofore, they have misconceived. Hooker.
Syn. -- To misapprehend; misunderstand; mistake.

Misconceiver

Mis`con*ceiv"er (?), n. One who misconceives.

Misconception

Mis`con*cep"tion (?), n. Erroneous conception; false opinion; wrong understanding. Harvey.

Misconclusion

Mis`con*clu"sion (?), n. An erroneous inference or conclusion. Bp. Hall.

Misconduct

Mis*con"duct (?), n. Wrong conduct; bad behavior; mismanagement. Addison. Syn. -- Misbehavior; misdemeanor; mismanagement; misdeed; delinquency; offense.

Misconduct

Mis`con*duct" (?), v. t. To conduct amiss; to mismanage. Johnson. To misconduct one's self, to behave improperly.

Misconduct

Mis`con*duct", v. i. To behave amiss.

Misconfident

Mis*con"fi*dent (?), a. Having a mistaken confidence; wrongly trusting. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Misconjecture

Mis`con*jec"ture (?; 135), n. A wrong conjecture or guess. Sir T. Browne.

Misconjecture

Mis`con*jec"ture (?), v. t. & i. To conjecture wrongly.

Misconsecrate

Mis*con"se*crate (?), v. t. To consecrate amiss. "Misconsecrated flags." Bp. Hall.

Misconsecration

Mis*con`se*cra"tion, n. Wrong consecration.

Misconsequence

Mis*con"se*quence (?), n. A wrong consequence; a false deduction.

Misconstruable

Mis*con"stru*a*ble (?), a. Such as can be misconstrued, as language or conduct. R. North.

Misconstruct

Mis`con*struct" (?), v. t. To construct wrongly; to construe or interpret erroneously.

Misconstruction

Mis`con*struc"tion (?), n. Erroneous construction; wrong interpretation. Bp. Stillingfleet.

Misconstrue

Mis*con"strue (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misconstrued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misconstruing.] To construe wrongly; to interpret erroneously.
Do not, great sir, misconstrue his intent. Dryden.
Much afflicted to find his actions misconstrued. Addison.

Misconstruer

Mis*con"stru*er (?), n. One who misconstrues.

Miscontent

Mis`con*tent" (?), a. Discontent. [Obs.]

Miscontinuance

Mis`con*tin"u*ance (?), n. (Law) Discontinuance; also, continuance by undue process.

Miscopy

Mis*copy" (?), v. t. To copy amiss.

Miscopy

Mis*copy", n. A mistake in copying. North Am. Rev.

Miscorrect

Mis`cor*rect" (?), v. t. To fail or err in attempting to correct. "Scaliger miscorrects his author." Dryden.

Miscounsel

Mis*coun"sel (?), v. t. To counsel or advise wrongly.

Miscount

Mis*count" (?), v. t. & i. [Cf. OF. mesconter, F. m\'82compter. Cf. Miscompute.] To count erroneously.

Miscount

Mis*count", n. [Cf. F. m\'82compte error, OF. mesconte.] An erroneous counting.

Miscovet

Mis*cov"et (?), v. t. To covet wrongfully. [Obs.]

Miscreance, Miscreancy

Mis"cre*ance (?), Mis"cre*an*cy (?), n. [OF. mescreance, F. m\'82cr\'82ance incredulity.] The quality of being miscreant; adherence to a false religion; false faith. [Obs.] Ayliffe.

Miscreant

Mis"cre*ant (?), n. [OF. mescreant, F. m\'82cr\'82ant; pref. mes- (L. minus less) + p. pr. fr. L. credere to believe. See Creed.]

1. One who holds a false religious faith; a misbeliever. [Obs.] Spenser. De Quincey.

Thou oughtest not to be slothful to the destruction of the miscreants, but to constrain them to obey our Lord God. Rivers.

2. One not restrained by Christian principles; an unscrupulous villain; a while wretch. Addison.

Miscreant

Mis"cre*ant, a.

1. Holding a false religious faith.

2. Destitute of conscience; unscrupulous. Pope.

Miscreate

Mis`cre*ate" (?), a. Miscreated; illegitimate; forged; as, miscreate titles. [Obs. or Poet.] Shak.

Miscreate

Mis`cre*ate" (?), v. t. To create badly or amiss.

Miscreated

Mis`cre*at"ed (?), a. Formed unnaturally or illegitimately; deformed. Spenser. Milton.

Miscreative

Mis`cre*a"tive, a. Creating amiss. [R.]

Miscredent

Mis*cre"dent (?), n. [Pref. mis- + credent. Cf. Miscreant.] A miscreant, or believer in a false religious doctrine. [Obs.] Holinshed.

Miscredulity

Mis`cre*du"li*ty (?), n. Wrong credulity or belief; misbelief. Bp. Hall.

Miscue

Mis*cue" (?), n. (Billiards) A false stroke with a billiard cue, the cue slipping from the ball struck without impelling it as desired.

Misdate

Mis*date", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misdated; p. pr. & vb. n. Misdating.] To date erroneously. Young.

Misdeal

Mis*deal" (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Misdealt (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misdealing.] To deal or distribute wrongly, as cards; to make a wrong distribution.

Misdeal

Mis*deal", n. The act of misdealing; a wrong distribution of cards to the players.

Misdeed

Mis*deed" (?), n. [AS. misd. See Deed, n.] An evil deed; a wicked action.
Evils which our own misdeeds have wrought. Milton.
Syn. -- Misconduct; misdemeanor; fault; offense; trespass; transgression; crime.

Misdeem

Mis*deem" (?), v. t. To misjudge. [Obs.] Milton.

Misdemean

Mis`de*mean" (?), v. t. To behave ill; -- with a reflexive pronoun; as, to misdemean one's self.

Misdemeanant

Mis`de*mean"ant (?), n. One guilty of a misdemeanor. Sydney Smith.

Misdemeanor

Mis`de*mean"or (?), n.

1. Ill behavior; evil conduct; fault. Shak.

2. (Law) A crime less than a felony. Wharton. &hand; As a rule, in the old English law, offenses capitally punishable were felonies; all other indictable offenses were misdemeanors. In common usage, the word crime is employed to denote the offenses of a deeper and more atrocious dye, while small faults and omissions of less consequence are comprised under the gentler name of misdemeanors. Blackstone. The distinction, however, between felonies and misdemeanors is purely arbitrary, and is in most jurisdictions either abrogated or so far reduced as to be without practical value. Cf. Felony. Wharton. Syn. -- Misdeed; misconduct; misbehavior; fault; trespass; transgression.

Misdempt

Mis*dempt" (?), obs. p. p. of Misdeem. Spenser.

Misdepart

Mis`de*part" (?), v. t. To distribute wrongly. [Obs.]
He misdeparteth riches temporal. Chaucer.

Misderive

Mis`de*rive" (?), v. t.

1. To turn or divert improperly; to misdirect. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

2. To derive erroneously.

Misdescribe

Mis`de*scribe" (?), v. t. To describe wrongly.

Misdesert

Mis`de*sert", n. Ill desert. [Obs.] Spenser.

Misdevotion

Mis`de*vo"tion (?), n. Mistaken devotion.

Misdiet

Mis*di"et (?), n. Improper. [Obs.] Spenser.

Misdiet

Mis*di"et, v. t. To diet improperly.

Misdight

Mis*dight" (?), a. Arrayed, prepared, or furnished, unsuitably. [Archaic] Bp. Hall.

Misdirect

Mis`di*rect" (?), v. t. To give a wrong direction to; as, to misdirect a passenger, or a letter; to misdirect one's energies. Shenstone.

Misdirection

Mis`di*rec"tion (?), n.

1. The act of directing wrongly, or the state of being so directed.

2. (Law) An error of a judge in charging the jury on a matter of law. Mozley & W.

Misdisposition

Mis*dis`po*si"tion (?), n. Erroneous disposal or application. Bp. Hall.

Misdistinguish

Mis`dis*tin"guish (?), v. t. To make wrong distinctions in or concerning. Hooker.

Misdivide

Mis`di*vide" (?), v. t. To divide wrongly.

Misdivision

Mis`di*vi"sion (?), n. Wrong division.

Misdo

Mis*do" (?), v. t. [imp. Misdid (?); p. p. Misdone (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misdoing.] [AS. misd. See Do, v.]

1. To do wrongly.

Afford me place to show what recompense To wards thee I intend for what I have misdone. Milton.

2. To do wrong to; to illtreat. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Misdo

Mis*do", v. i. To do wrong; to commit a fault.
I have misdone, and I endure the smart. Dryden.

Misdoer

Mis*do"er, n. A wrongdoer. Spenser.

Misdoing

Mis*do"ing, n. A wrong done; a fault or crime; an offense; as, it was my misdoing.

Misdoubt

Mis*doubt" (?), v. t. & i. To be suspicious of; to have suspicion. [Obs.]
I do not misdoubt my wife. Shak.

Misdoubt

Mis*doubt", n.

1. Suspicion. [Obs.]

2. Irresolution; hesitation. [Obs.] Shak.

Misdoubtful

Mis*doubt"ful (?), a Misgiving; hesitating. [Obs.] "Her misdoubtful mind." Spenser.

Misdread

Mis*dread" (?), n. Dread of evil. [Obs.]

Mise

Mise (?), n. [F. mise a putting, setting, expense, fr. mis, mise, p. p. of mettre to put, lay, fr. LL. mittere to send.]

1. (Law) The issue in a writ of right.

2. Expense; cost; disbursement. [Obs.]

3. A tax or tallage; in Wales, an honorary gift of the people to a new king or prince of Wales; also, a tribute paid, in the country palatine of Chester, England, at the change of the owner of the earldom. [Obs.]

Misease

Mis*ease" (?), n. [OE. mesaise, OF. mesaise.] Want of ease; discomfort; misery. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Miseased

Mis*eased" (?), a. Having discomfort or misery; troubled. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Miseasy

Mis*eas"y (?), a. Not easy; painful. [Obs.]

Misedition

Mis`e*di"tion (?), n. An incorrect or spurious edition. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Miseducate

Mis*ed"u*cate (?; 135), v. t. To educate in a wrong manner.

Misemploy

Mis`em*ploy" (?), v. t. To employ amiss; as, to misemploy time, advantages, talents, etc.
Their frugal father's gains they misemploy. Dryden.

Misemployment

Mis`em*ploy"ment (?), n. Wrong or mistaken employment. Johnson.

Misenter

Mis*en"ter (?), v. t. To enter or insert wrongly, as a charge in an account.

Misentreat

Mis`en*treat" (?), v. t. To treat wrongfully. [Obs.] Grafton.

Misentry

Mis*en"try (?), n. An erroneous entry or charge, as of an account.

Miser

Mi"ser (?), n. [L. miser wretched, miserable; cf. Gr. misero wretched, avaricious.]

1. A wretched person; a person afflicted by any great misfortune. [Obs.] Spenser.

The woeful words of a miser now despairing. Sir P. Sidney.

2. A despicable person; a wretch. [Obs.] Shak.

3. A covetous, grasping, mean person; esp., one having wealth, who lives miserably for the sake of saving and increasing his hoard.

As some lone miser, visiting his store, Bends at his treasure, counts, recounts it o'er. Goldsmith.

4. A kind of large earth auger. Knight.

Miserable

Mis"er*a*ble (?), a. [F. mis\'82rable, L. miserabilis, fr. miserari to lament, pity, fr. miser wretched. See Miser.]

1. Very unhappy; wretched.

What hopes delude thee, miserable man? Dryden.

2. Causing unhappiness or misery.

What 's more miserable than discontent? Shak.

3. Worthless; mean; despicable; as, a miserable fellow; a miserable dinner.

Miserable comforters are ye all. Job xvi. 2.

4. Avaricious; niggardly; miserly. [Obs.] Hooker. Syn. -- Abject; forlorn; pitiable; wretched.

Miserable

Mis"er*a*ble, n. A miserable person. [Obs.] Sterne.

Miserableness

Mis"er*a*ble*ness, n. The state or quality of being miserable.

Miserably

Mis"er*a*bly, adv. In a miserable; unhappily; calamitously; wretchedly; meanly.
They were miserably entertained. Sir P. Sidney.
The fifth was miserably stabbed to death. South.

Miseration

Mis`er*a"tion (?), n. Commiseration. [Obs.]

Miserere

Mis`e*re"re (?), n. [L., have mercy, fr. misereri to have mercy, fr. miser. See Miser.]

1. (R. C. Ch.) The psalm usually appointed for penitential acts, being the 50th psalm in the Latin version. It commences with the word miserere.

2. A musical composition adapted to the 50th psalm.

Where only the wind signs miserere. Lowell.

3. (Arch.) A small projecting boss or bracket, on the under side of the hinged seat of a church stall (see Stall). It was intended, the seat being turned up, to give some support to a worshiper when standing. Called also misericordia.

4. (Med.) Same as Ileus.

Misericorde

Mis"er*i*corde" (?), n. [F. mis\'82ricorde. See Misericordia.]

1. Compassion; pity; mercy. [Obs.]

2. (Anc. Armor.) Same as Misericordia, 2.

Misericordia

Mis`e*ri*cor"di*a (?), n. [L., mercy, compassion; miser wretched + cor, cordis, heart.]

1. (O. Law) An amercement. Burrill.

2. (Anc. Armor.) A thin-bladed dagger; so called, in the Middle Ages, because used to give the death wound or "mercy" stroke to a fallen adversary.

3. (Eccl.) An indulgence as to food or dress granted to a member of a religious order. Shipley.


Page 930

Miserly

Mi"ser*ly (?), a. [From Miser.] Like a miser; very covetous; sordid; niggardly. Syn. -- Avaricious; niggardly; sordid; parsimonious; penurious; covetous; stingy; mean. See Avaricious.

Misery

Mi"ser*y (?), n.; pl. Miseries (#). [OE. miserie, L. miseria, fr. miser wretched: cf. F. mis\'8are, OF. also, miserie.]

1. Great unhappiness; extreme pain of body or mind; wretchedness; distress; woe. Chaucer.

Destruction and misery are in their ways. Rom. iii. 16.

2. Cause of misery; calamity; misfortune.

When we our betters see bearing our woes, We scarcely think our miseries our foes. Shak.

3. Covetousness; niggardliness; avarice. [Obs.] Syn. -- Wretchedness; torture; agony; torment; anguish; distress; calamity; misfortune.

Misesteem

Mis`es*teem" (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82sestime.] Want of esteem; disrespect. Johnson.

Misestimate

Mis*es"ti*mate (?), v. t. To estimate erroneously. J. S. Mill.

Misexplanation

Mis*ex`pla*na"tion (?), n. An erroneous explanation.

Misexplication

Mis*ex`pli*ca"tion (?), n. Wrong explication.

Misexposition

Mis*ex`po*si"tion (?), n. Wrong exposition.

Misexpound

Mis`ex*pound" (?), v. t. To expound erroneously.

Misexpression

Mis`ex*pres"sion (?), n. Wrong expression.

Misfaith

Mis*faith" (?), n. Want of faith; distrust. "[Anger] born of your misfaith." Tennyson.

Misfall

Mis*fall" (?), v. t. [imp. Misfell; p. p. Misfallen (; p. pr. & vb. n. Misfalling.] To befall, as ill luck; to happen to unluckily. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Misfare

Mis*fare" (?), v. i. [AS. misfaran.] To fare ill. [Obs.] -- n. Misfortune. [Obs.] Spenser.

Misfashion

Mis*fash"ion (?), v. t. To form wrongly.

Misfeasance

Mis*fea"sance (?), n. [OF. pref. mes- wrong (L. minus less) + faisance doing, fr. faire to do, L. facere. Cf. Malfeasance.] (Law) A trespass; a wrong done; the improper doing of an act which a person might lawfully do. Bouvier. Wharton.

Misfeature

Mis*fea"ture (?), n. Ill feature. [R.] Keats.

Misfeeling

Mis*feel"ing (?), a. Insensate. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Misfeign

Mis*feign" (?), v. i. To feign with an evil design. [Obs.] Spenser.

Misfit

Mis*fit" (?), n.

1. The act or the state of fitting badly; as, a misfit in making a coat; a ludicrous misfit.

2. Something that fits badly, as a garment.

I saw an uneasy change in Mr. Micawber, which sat tightly on him, as if his new duties were a misfit. Dickens.

Misform

Mis*form" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misformed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misforming.] To make in an ill form. Spenser.

Misformation

Mis`for*ma"tion (?), n. Malformation.

Misfortunate

Mis*for"tu*nate (?; 135), a. Producing misfortune. [Obs.]

Misfortune

Mis*for"tune (?), n. Bad fortune or luck; calamity; an evil accident; disaster; mishap; mischance.
Consider why the change was wrought, You 'll find his misfortune, not his fault. Addison.
Syn. -- Calamity; mishap; mischance; misadventure; ill; harm; disaster. See Calamity.

Misfortune

Mis*for"tune, v. i. To happen unluckily or unfortunately; to miscarry; to fail. [Obs.] Stow.

Misfortuned

Mis*for"tuned (?), a. Unfortunate. [Obs.]

Misframe

Mis*frame" (?), v. t. To frame wrongly.

Misget

Mis*get" (?), v. t. To get wrongfully. [Obs.]

Misgie

Mis*gie" (?), v. t. See Misgye. [Obs.]

Misgive

Mis*give" (?), v. t. [imp. Misgave (?); p. p. Misgiven (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misgiving.]

1. To give or grant amiss. [Obs.] Laud.

2. Specifically: To give doubt and apprehension to, instead of confidence and courage; to impart fear to; to make irresolute; -- usually said of the mind or heart, and followed by the objective personal pronoun.

So doth my heart misgive me in these conflicts What may befall him, to his harm and ours. Shak.
Such whose consciences misgave them, how ill they had deserved. Milton.

3. To suspect; to dread. [Obs.] Shak.

Misgive

Mis*give", v. i. To give out doubt and apprehension; to be fearful or irresolute. "My mind misgives." Shak.

Misgiving

Mis*giv"ing, n. Evil premonition; doubt; distrust. "Suspicious and misgivings." South.

Migo

Mi*go" (?), v. i. To go astray. Spenser.

Misgotten

Mis*got"ten (?), a. Unjustly gotten. Spenser.

Misgovern

Mis*gov"ern (?), v. t. To govern ill; as, to misgovern a country. Knolles.

Misgovernance

Mis*gov"ern*ance (?), n. Misgovernment; misconduct; misbehavior. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

Misgoverned

Mis*gov"erned (?), a. Ill governed, as a people; ill directed. "Rude, misgoverned hands." Shak.

Misgovernment

Mis*gov"ern*ment (?), n. Bad government; want of government. Shak.

Misgracious

Mis*gra"cious (?), a. Not gracious. [Obs.]

Misgraff

Mis*graff" (?), v. t. To misgraft. [Obs.] Shak.

Misgraft

Mis*graft" (?), v. t. To graft wrongly.

Misground

Mis*ground" (?), v. t. To found erroneously. "Misgrounded conceit." Bp. Hall.

Misgrowth

Mis*growth" (?), n. Bad growth; an unnatural or abnormal growth.

Misguess

Mis*guess" (?), v. t. & i. To guess wrongly.

Misguidance

Mis*guid"ance (?), n. Wrong guidance.

Misguide

Mis*guide" (?), v. t. To guide wrongly; to lead astray; as, to misguide the understanding.

Misguide

Mis*guide", n. Misguidance; error. [Obs.] Spenser.

Misguiding

Mis*guid"ing, a. Misleading. -- Mis*guid"ing*ly, adv.

Misgye

Mis*gye" (?), v. t. To misguide. [Obs.]

Mishandle

Mis*han"dle (?), v. t. To handle ill or wrongly; to maltreat.

Mishap

Mis*hap" (?), n. Evil accident; ill luck; misfortune; mischance. Chaucer.
Secure from worldly chances and mishaps. Shak.

Mishap

Mis*hap" (?), v. i. To happen unluckily; -- used impersonally. [Obs.] "If that me mishap." Chaucer.

Mishappen

Mis*hap"pen (?), v. i. To happen ill or unluckily. Spenser.

Mishappy

Mis*hap"py (?), a. Unhappy. [Obs.]

Mishcup

Mish*cup" (?), n. [See Scup.] (Zo\'94l.) The scup. [Local, U. S.]

Mishear

Mis*hear" (?), v. t. & i. To hear incorrectly.

Mishmash

Mish"mash` (?), n. [Cf. G. mish-mash, fr. mischen to mix.] A hotchpotch. Sir T. Herbert.

Mishna

Mish"na (?), n. [NHeb. mishn\'beh, i. e., repetition, doubling, explanation (of the divine law), fr. Heb. sh\'ben\'beh to change, to repeat.] A collection or digest of Jewish traditions and explanations of Scripture, forming the text of the Talmud. [Written also Mischna.]

Mishnic

Mish"nic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Mishna.

Misimagination

Mis`im*ag`i*na"tion (?), n. Wrong imagination; delusion. Bp. Hall.

Misimprove

Mis`im*prove" (?), v. t. To use for a bad purpose; to abuse; to misuse; as, to misimprove time, talents, advantages, etc. South.

Misimprovement

Mis`im*prove"ment (?), n. Ill use or employment; use for a bad purpose.

Misincline

Mis"in*cline" (?), v. t. To cause to have a wrong inclination or tendency; to affect wrongly.

Misinfer

Mis`in*fer" (?), v. t. To infer incorrectly.

Misinform

Mis`in*form" (?), v. t. To give untrue information to; to inform wrongly.

Misinform

Mis`in*form", v. i. To give untrue information; (with against) to calumniate. [R.] Bp. Montagu.

Misinformant

Mis`in*form"ant (?), n. A misinformer.

Misinformation

Mis*in`for*ma"tion (?), n. Untrue or incorrect information. Bacon.

Misinformer

Mis`in*form"er (?), n. One who gives or incorrect information.

Misinstruct

Mis`in*struct" (?), v. t. To instruct amiss.

Misinstruction

Mis`in*struc"tion (?), n. Wrong or improper instruction.

Misintelligence

Mis`in*tel"li*gence (?), n.

1. Wrong information; misinformation.

2. Disagreement; misunderstanding. [Obs.]

Misintend

Mis`in*tend" (?), v. t. To aim amiss. [Obs.]

Misinterpret

Mis`in*ter"pret (?), v. t. To interpret erroneously; to understand or to explain in a wrong sense.

Misinterpretable

Mis`in*ter"pret*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being misinterpreted; liable to be misunderstood.

Misinterpretation

Mis`in*ter"pre*ta"tion (?), n. The act of interpreting erroneously; a mistaken interpretation.

Misinterpreter

Mis`in*ter"pret*er (?), n. One who interprets erroneously.

Misjoin

Mis*join" (?), v. t. To join unfitly or improperly.

Misjoinder

Mis*join"der (?), n. (Law) An incorrect union of parties or of causes of action in a procedure, criminal or civil. Wharton.

Misjudge

Mis*judge" (?), v. t. & i. To judge erroneously or unjustly; to err in judgment; to misconstrue.

Misjudgment

Mis*judg"ment (?), n. [Written also misjudgement.] A wrong or unjust judgment.

Miskeep

Mis*keep" (?), v. t. To keep wrongly. Chaucer.

Misken

Mis*ken" (?), v. t. Not to know. [Obs.]

Miskin

Mis"kin (?), n. [Prob. for music + -kin.] (Mus.) A little bagpipe. [Obs.] Drayton.

Miskindle

Mis*kin"dle (?), v. t. To kindle amiss; to inflame to a bad purpose; to excite wrongly.

Misknow

Mis*know" (?), v. t. To have a mistaken notion of or about. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Mislactation

Mis`lac*ta"tion (?), n. (Med.) Defective flow or vitiated condition of the milk.

Mislay

Mis*lay" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mislaid (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mislaying.]

1. To lay in a wrong place; to ascribe to a wrong source.

The fault is generally mislaid upon nature. Locke.

2. To lay in a place not recollected; to lose.

The... charter, indeed, was unfortunately mislaid: and the prayer of their petition was to obtain one of like import in its stead. Hallam.

Mislayer

Mis*lay"er (?), n. One who mislays.

Misle

Mi"sle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Misled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misling (?).] [Prop. mistle, fr. mist. Cf. Mistle, Mizzle.] To rain in very fine drops, like a thick mist; to mizzle.

Misle

Mi"sle, n. A fine rain; a thick mist; mizzle.

Mislead

Mis*lead" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misleading.] [AS. misl. See Mis-, and Lead to conduct.] To lead into a wrong way or path; to lead astray; to guide into error; to cause to mistake; to deceive.
Trust not servants who mislead or misinform you. Bacon.
To give due light To the mislead and lonely traveler. Milton.
Syn. -- To delude; deceive. See Deceive.

Misleader

Mis*lead"er (?), n. One who leads into error.

Misleading

Mis*lead"ing, a. Leading astray; delusive.

Mislearn

Mis*learn" (?), v. t. To learn wrongly.

Misled

Mis*led" (?), imp. & p. p. of Mislead.

Milen

Mi"len (?), n. See Maslin.

Misletoe

Mis"le*toe (?), n. See Mistletoe.

Mislight

Mis*light" (?), v. t. To deceive or lead astray with a false light. Herrick.

Mislike

Mis*like" (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Misliked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misliking.] [AS. misl\'c6cian to displease. See Like, v.] To dislike; to disapprove of; to have aversion to; as, to mislike a man.
Who may like or mislike what he says. I. Taylor.

Mislike

Mis*like", n. Dislike; disapprobation; aversion.

Misliker

Mis*lik"er (?), n. One who dislikes.

Misliking

Mis*lik"ing, n. Dislike; aversion.

Mislin

Mis"lin (?), n. & a. See Maslin.

Mislive

Mis*live" (?), v. i. To live amiss.

Mislodge

Mis*lodge" (?), v. t. To lodge amiss. [Obs.]

Misluck

Mis*luck" (?), n. Ill luck; misfortune.

Misly

Mis"ly (?), a. Raining in very small drops.

Mistake

Mis*take" (?), v. t. To make or form amiss; to spoil in making. "Limping possibilities of mismade human nature." Mrs. Browning.

Mismanage

Mis*man"age (?), v. t. & i. To manage ill or improperly; as, to mismanage public affairs.

Mismanagement

Mis*man"age*ment (?), n. Wrong or bad management; as, he failed through mismagement.

Mismanager

Mis*man"a*ger (?), n. One who manages ill.

Mismark

Mis*mark" (?), v. t. To mark wrongly.

Mismatch

Mis*match" (?), v. t. To match unsuitably.

Mismate

Mis*mate" (?), v. t. To mate wrongly or unsuitably; as, to mismate gloves or shoes; a mismated couple.<-- = mismatch. -->

Mismeasure

Mis*meas"ure (?; 135), v. t. To measure or estimate incorrectly.

Mismeasurement

Mis*meas"ure*ment, n. Wrong measurement.

Mismeter

Mis*me"ter (?), v. t. To give the wrong meter to, as to a line of verse. [R.] Chaucer.

Misname

Mis*name" (?), v. t. To call by the wrong name; to give a wrong or inappropriate name to.

Misnomer

Mis*no"mer (?), n. [OF. pref. mes- amiss, wrong (L. minus less) + F. nommer to name, L. nominare, fr. nomen name. See Name.] The misnaming of a person in a legal instrument, as in a complaint or indictment; any misnaming of a person or thing; a wrong or inapplicable name or title.
Many of the changes, by a great misnomer, called parliamentary "reforms". Burke.
The word "synonym" is fact a misnomer. Whatel

Misnomer

Mis*no"mer, v. t. To misname. [R.]

Misnumber

Mis*num"ber (?), v. t. To number wrongly.

Misnurture

Mis*nur"ture (?; 135), v. t. To nurture or train wrongly; as, to misnurture children. Bp. Hall.

Misobedience

Mis`o*be"di*ence (?), n. Mistaken obedience; disobedience. [Obs.] Milton.

Misobserve

Mis`ob*serve" (?), v. t. To observe inaccurately; to mistake in observing. Locke.

Misobserver

Mis`ob*serv"er (?), n. One who misobserves; one who fails to observe properly.

Misogamist

Mi*sog"a*mist (?), n. [Gr. A hater of marriage.

Misogamy

Mi*sog"a*my (?), n. [Cf. F. misogamie.] Hatre

Misogynist

Mi*sog"y*nist (?), n. [Gr. misogyne.] A woman hater. Fuller.

Misogynous

Mi*sog"y*nous (?), a. Hating women.

Misogyny

Mi*sog"y*ny (?; 277), n. [Gr. misogynie.] Hatred of women. Johnson.

Misology

Mi*sol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. Hatred of argument or discussion; hatred of enlightenment. G. H. Lewes.

Misopinion

Mis`o*pin"ion, n. Wrong opinion. [Obs.]

Misorder

Mis*or"der (?), v. t. To order ill; to manage erroneously; to conduct badly. [Obs.] Shak.

Misorder

Mis*or"der, n. Irregularity; disorder. [Obs.] Camden.

Misorderly

Mis*or"der*ly, a. Irregular; disorderly. [Obs.]

Misordination

Mis*or`di*na"tion (?), n. Wrong ordination.

Misotheism

Mis"o*the`ism (?), n. [Gr. Hatred of God. De Quincey.

Mispaint

Mis*paint" (?), v. t. To paint ill, or wrongly.

Mispassion

Mis*pas"sion (?), n. Wrong passion or feeling. [Obs.]

Mispay

Mis*pay" (?), v. t. [Cf. Appay.] To dissatisfy. [Obs.]

Mispell, v. t., Mispend

Mis*pell" (?), v. t., Mis*pend" (, v. t., etc.
See Misspell, Misspend, etc.

Mispense

Mis*pense" (?), n. See Misspense. Bp. Hall.

Misperception

Mis`per*cep"tion (?), n. Erroneous perception.

Mispersuade

Mis`per*suade" (?), v. t. To persuade amiss.

Mispersuasion

Mis`per*sua"sion (?), n. A false persuasion; wrong notion or opinion. Dr. H. More.

Mispickel

Mis*pick"el (?), n. [G.] (Min.) Arsenical iron pyrites; arsenopyrite.

Misplace

Mis*place" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misplaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misplacing (?).] To put in a wrong place; to set or place on an improper or unworthy object; as, he misplaced his confidence.

Misplacement

Mis*place"ment (?), n. The act of misplacing, or the state of being misplaced.

Misplead

Mis*plead" (?), v. i. To err in pleading.

Mispleading

Mis*plead"ing, n. (Law) An error in pleading.

Mispoint

Mis*point" (?), v. t. To point improperly; to punctuate wrongly.

Mispolicy

Mis*pol"i*cy (?), n. Wrong policy; impolicy.

Mispractice

Mis*prac"tice (?), n. Wrong practice.

Mispraise

Mis*praise" (?), v. t. To praise amiss.

Misprint

Mis*print" (?), v. t. To print wrong.

Misprint

Mis*print", n. A mistake in printing; a deviation from the copy; as, a book full of misprints.

Misprise

Mis*prise" (?), v. t. See Misprize. [Obs.] Shak.

Misprise

Mis*prise", v. t. [OF. mesprise mistake, F. m\'82prise, fr. mespris, masc., mesprise, fem., p. p. of mesprendre to mistake; F. m\'82prendre; pref. mes- amiss + prendre to take, L. prehendere.] To mistake. [Obs.] Shak.

Misprision

Mis*pri"sion (?), n. [LL. misprisio, or OF. mesprison, prop., a mistaking, but confused with OF. mespris contempt, F. m\'82pris. See 2d Misprise, Misprize, Prison.]

1. The act of misprising; misapprehension; misconception; mistake. [Archaic] Fuller.

The misprision of this passage has aided in fostering the delusive notion. Hare.

2. Neglect; undervaluing; contempt. [Obs.] Shak.

3. (Law) A neglect, negligence, or contempt. &hand; In its larger and older sense it was used to signify "every considerable misdemeanor which has not a certain name given to it in the law." Russell. In a more modern sense it is applied exclusively to two offenses: -- 1. Misprision of treason, which is omission to notify the authorities of an act of treason by a person cognizant thereof. Stephen. 2. Misprision of felony, which is a concealment of a felony by a person cognizant thereof. Stephen.


Page 931

Misprize

Mis*prize" (?), v. t. [OF. mesprisier to deprise, F. m\'82priser; pref. amiss, wrong (L. minus less + LL. pretium price. See price, Prize, v.] To slight or undervalue.
O, for those vanished hours, so much misprized! Hillhouse.
I do not blame them, madam, nor misprize. Mrs. Browning.

Misproceeding

Mis`pro*ceed"ing (?), n. Wrong or irregular proceding.

Misprofess

Mis`pro*fess" (?), v. i.To make a false profession; to make pretensions to skill which is not possessed.

Misprofess

Mis`pro*fess", v. t. To make a false profession of.

Mispronounce

Mis`pro*nounce" (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Mispronounced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mispronouncing (?).] To pronounce incorrectly.

Mispronunciation

Mis`pro*nun`ci*a"tion (? ∨ ?), n. Wrong or improper pronunciation.

Misproportion

Mis`pro*por"tion (?), v. t. To give wrong proportions to; to join without due proportion.

Misproud

Mis*proud", a. Viciously proud. [Obs.] Shak.

Mispunctuate

Mis*punc"tu*ate (?; 135), v. t. To punctuate wrongly or incorrectly.

Misquotation

Mis`quo*ta"tion (?), n. Erroneous or inaccurate quotation.

Misquote

Mis*quote" (?), v. t. & i. To quote erroneously or incorrectly. Shak.

Misraise

Mis*raise" (?), v. t. To raise or exite unreasonable. "Misraised fury." Bp. Hall.

Misrate

Mis*rate" (?), v. t. To rate erroneously.

Misread

Mis*read" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misread (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misreading (?).] To read amiss; to misunderstand in reading.

Misreceive

Mis`re*ceive" (?), v. t. To receive wrongly.

Misrecital

Mis`re*cit"al (?), n. An inaccurate recital.

Misrecite

Mis`re*cite" (?), v. t. & i. To recite erroneously.

Misreckon

Mis*reck"on (?), v. t. & i. To reckon wrongly; to miscalculate. Swift.

Misreckoning

Mis*reck"on*ing, n. An erroneous computation.

Misrecollect

Mis*rec`ol*lect" (?), v. t. & i. To have an erroneous remembrance of; to suppose erroneously that one recollects. Hitchcock.

Misrecollection

Mis*rec`ol*lec"tion (?), n. Erroneous or inaccurate recollection.

Misreform

Mis`re*form" (?), v. t. To reform wrongly or imperfectly.

Misregard

Mis`re*gard" (?), n. Wrong understanding; misconstruction. [Obs.] Spenser.

Misregulate

Mis*reg"u*late (?), v. t. To regulate wrongly or imperfectly; to fail to regulate.

Misrehearse

Mis`re*hearse" (?), v. t. To rehearse or quote incorrectly. Sir T. More.

Misrelate

Mis`re*late" (?), v. t. To relate inaccurately.

Misrelation

Mis`re*la"tion (?), n. Erroneous relation or narration. Abp. Bramhall.

Misreligion

Mis`re*li"gion (?), n. False religion. [R.]

Misremember

Mis`re*mem"ber (?), v. t. & i. To mistake in remembering; not to remember correctly. Sir T. More.

Misrender

Mis*ren"der (?), v. t. To render wrongly; to translate or recite wrongly. Boyle.

Misrepeat

Mis`re*peat" (?), v. t. To repeat wrongly; to give a wrong version of. Gov. Winthrop.

Misreport

Mis`re*port" (?), v. t. & i. To report erroneously; to give an incorrect account of. Locke.

Misreport

Mis`re*port", n. An erroneous report; a false or incorrect account given. Denham. South.

Misrepresent

Mis*rep`re*sent" (?), v. t. To represent incorrectly (almost always, unfacorably); to give a false erroneous representation of, either maliciously, ignirantly, or carelessly. Swift.

Misrepresent

Mis*rep`re*sent", v. i. To make an incorrect or untrue representation. Milton.

Misrepresentation

Mis*rep`re*sen*ta"tion (?), n. Untrue representation; false or incorrect statement or account; -- usually unfavorable to the thing represented; as, a misrepresentation of a person's motives. Sydney Smith. &hand; In popular use, this word often conveys the idea of intentional untruth.

Misrepresentative

Mis*rep`re*sent"a*tive (?), a. Tending to convey a wrong impression; misrepresenting.

Misrepresenter

Mis*rep`re*sent"er (?), n. One who misrepresents.

Misrepute

Mis`re*pute" (?), v. t. To have in wrong estimation; to repute or estimate erroneously.

Misrule

Mis*rule" (?), v. t. & i. To rule badly; to misgovern.

Misrule

Mis*rule", n.

1. The act, or the result, of misruling.

2. Disorder; confusion; tumult from insubordination.

Enormous riot and misrule surveyed. Pope.
Abbot, ∨ Lord, of Misrule. See under Abbot, and Lord.

Misruly

Mis*rul"y (?), a. Unruly. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Miss

Miss (?), n.; pl. Misses (#). [Contr. fr. mistress.]

1. A title of courtesy prefixed to the name of a girl or a woman who has not been married. See Mistress, 5. &hand; There is diversity of usage in the application of this title to two or more persons of the same name. We may write either the Miss Browns or the Misses Brown.

2. A young unmarried woman or a girl; as, she is a miss of sixteen.

Gay vanity, with smiles and kisses, Was busy 'mongst the maids and misses. Cawthorn.

3. A kept mistress. See Mistress, 4. [Obs.] Evelyn.

4. (Card Playing) In the game of three-card loo, an extra hand, dealt on the table, which may be substituted for the hand dealt to a player.

Miss

Miss, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Missed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Missing.] [AS. missan; akin to D. & G. missen, OHG. missan, Icel. missa, Sw. mista, Dan. miste. \'fb100. See Mis-, pref.]

1. To fail of hitting, reaching, getting, finding, seeing, hearing, etc.; as, to miss the mark one shoots at; to miss the train by being late; to miss opportunites of getting knowledge; to miss the point or meaning of something said.

When a man misses his great end, happiness, he will acknowledge he judged not right. Locke.

2. To omit; to fail to have or to do; to get without; to dispense with; -- now seldom applied to persons.

She would never miss, one day, A walk so fine, a sight so gay. Prior.
We cannot miss him; he does make our fire, Fetch in our wood. Shak.

3. To discover the absence or omission of; to feel the want of; to mourn the loss of; to want. Shak.

Neither missed we anything ... Nothing was missed of all that pertained unto him. 1 Sam. xxv. 15, 21.
What by me thou hast lost, thou least shalt miss. Milton.
To miss stays. (Naut.) See under Stay.

Miss

Miss (?), v. i.

1. To fail to hit; to fly wide; to deviate from the true direction.

Men observe when things hit, and not when they miss. Bacon.
Flying bullets now, To execute his rage, appear too slow; They miss, or sweep but common souls away. Waller.

2. To fail to obtain, learn, or find; -- with of.

Upon the least reflection, we can not miss of them. Atterbury.

3. To go wrong; to err. [Obs.]

Amongst the angels, a whole legion Of wicked sprites did fall from happy bliss; What wonder then if one, of women all, did miss? Spenser.

4. To be absent, deficient, or wanting. [Obs.] See Missing, a.

What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend. Shak.

Miss

Miss, n.

1. The act of missing; failure to hit, reach, find, obtain, etc.

2. Loss; want; felt absence. [Obs.]

There will be no great miss of those which are lost. Locke.

3. Mistake; error; fault. Shak.

He did without any great miss in the hardest points of grammar. Ascham.

4. Harm from mistake. [Obs.] Spenser.

Missa

Mis"sa (?), n.; pl. Miss\'91 (#). [LL. See 1st Mass.] (R.C.Ch.) The service or sacrifice of the Mass.

Missal

Mis"sal (?), n. [LL. missale, liber missalis, from missa mass: cf. F. missel. See 1st Mass.] The book containing the service of the Mass for the entire year; a Mass book.

Missal

Mis"sal, a. Of or pertaining to the Mass, or to a missal or Mass book. Bp. Hall.

Missay

Mis*say" (?), v. t.

1. To say wrongly.

2. To speak evil of; to slander. [Obs.]

Missay

Mis*say", v. i. To speak ill. [Obs.] Spenser.

Misseek

Mis*seek" (?), v. t. To seek for wrongly. [Obs.]

Misseem

Mis*seem" (?), v. i.

1. To make a false appearance. [Obs.]

2. To misbecome; to be misbecoming. [Obs.] Spenser.

Missel

Mis"sel (?), n. Mistletoe. [Obs.] Missel bird, Missel thrush (Zo\'94l.), a large European thrush (Turdus viscivorus) which feeds on the berries of the mistletoe; -- called also mistletoe thrush and missel.

Misseldine

Mis"sel*dine (?), n. [See Mistletoe.] [Written also misselden.] The mistletoe. [Obs.] Baret.

Misseltoe

Mis"sel*toe (?), n. See Mistletoe.

Missemblance

Mis*sem"blance (?), n. False resemblance or semblance. [Obs.]

Missend

Mis*send" (?), v. t. To send amiss or incorrectly.

Misserve

Mis*serve" (?), v. t. & i. To serve unfaithfully.

Misset

Mis*set" (?), v. t. To set pr place wrongly.

Misshape

Mis*shape" (?), v. t. To shape ill; to give an ill or unnatural from to; to deform. "Figures monstrous and misshaped." Pope.

Misshapen

Mis*shap"en (?), a. Having a bad or ugly form. "The mountains are misshapen." Bentley. -- Mis*shap"en*ly, adv. -- Mis*shap"en*ness, n.

Missheathed

Mis*sheathed" (?), a. Sheathed by mistake; wrongly sheathed; sheathed in a wrong place. Shak.

Missificate

Mis*sif"i*cate (?), v. i. [LL. missa Mass + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See fy-.] To perform Mass. [Obs.] Milton.

Missile

Mis"sile (?), a. [L. missils, fr. mittere, missum, to cause to go, to send, to throw; cf. Lith. mesti to throw: cf. F. missile. Cf. Admit, Dismiss, Mass the religious service, Message, Mission.] Capable of being thrown; adapted for hurling or to be projected from the hand, or from any instrument or rngine, so as to strike an object at a distance.
We bend the bow, or wing the missile dart. Pope.

Missile

Mis"sile, n. [L. missile.] A weapon thrown or projected or intended to be projcted, as a lance, an arrow, or a bullet.

Missing

Miss"ing (?), a. [From Miss, v. i.] Absent from the place where it was expected to be found; lost; wanting; not present when called or looked for.
Neither was there aught missing unto them. 1 Sam. xxv. 7.
For a time caught up to God, as once Moses was in the mount, and missing long. Milton.

Missingly

Miss"ing*ly, adv. With a sense of loss. [Obs.] Shak.

Mission

Mis"sion (?), n. [L. missio, fr. mittere, missum, to send: cf. F. mission. See Missile.]

1. The act of sending, or the state of being sent; a being sent or delegated by authority, with certain powers for transacting business; comission.

Whose glorious deeds, but in these fields of late, Made emulous missions' mongst the gods themselves. Shak.

2. That with which a messenger or agent is charged; an errand; business or duty on which one is sent; a commission.

How to begin, how to accomplish best His end of being on earth, and mission high. Milton.

3. Persons sent; any number of persons appointed to perform any service; a delegation; an embassy.

In these ships there should be a mission of three of the fellows or brethren of Solomon's house. Bacon.

4. An assotiation or organization of missionaries; a station or residence of missionaries.

5. An organization for worship and work, dependent on one or more churches.

6. A course of extraordinary sermons and services at a particular place and time for the special purpose of quickening the faith and zeal participants, and of converting unbelievers. Addis & Arnold.

7. Dismission; discharge from service. [Obs.] Mission school. (a) A school connected with a mission and conducted by missionaries. (b) A school for the religious instruction of children not having regular church privileges. Syn. -- Message; errand; commission; deputation.

Mission

Mis"sion (?), v. t. To send on a mission. [Mostly used in the form of the past participle.] Keats.

Missionary

Mis"sion*ary (?), n.; pl. Missionaries (#). [Cf. F. missionnaire. See Mission, n.] One who is sent on a mission; especially, one sent to propagate religion. Swift. Missionary apostolic, a Roman Catholic missionary sent by commission from the pope.

Missionary

Mis"sion*a*ry, a. Of or pertaining to missions; as, a missionary meeting; a missionary fund.

Missioner

Mis"sion*er (?), n. A missionary; an envoy; one who conducts a mission. See Mission, n., 6. "Like mighty missioner you come." Dryden.

Missis

Mis"sis (?), n. A mistress; a wife; -- so used by the illiterate. G. Eliot.

Missish

Miss"ish, a. Like a miss; prim; affected; sentimental. -- Miss"ish*ness, n.

Missit

Mis*sit" (?), v. t. To sit badly or imperfectly upon; to misbecome. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Missive

Mis"sive (?), a. [See Missive, n.]

1. Specially sent; intended or prepared to be sent; as, a letter missive. Ayliffe.

2. Missile. "The missive weapons fly." Dryden. Letters missive, letters conveying the permission, comand, or advice of a superior authority, as a sovereign. They are addressed and sent to some certain person or persons, and are distinguished from letters patent, which are addressed to the public.

Missive

Mis"sive, n. [F. lettre missive. See Mission, n.]

1. That which is sent; a writing containing a message.

2. One who is sent; a messenger. [Obs.] Shak.

Missound

Mis*sound" (?), v. t. To sound wrongly; to utter or pronounce incorrectly. E,Hall.

Misspeak

Mis*speak" (?), v. i. To err in speaking.

Misspeak

Mis*speak", v. t. To utter wrongly.

Misspeech

Mis*speech" (?), n. Wrong speech. [Obs.]

Misspell

Mis*spell" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misspelled (?), or Misspelt (; p. pr. & vb. n. Misspelling.] To spell incorrectly.

Misspelling

Mis*spell"ing, n. A wrong spelling.

Misspend

Mis*spend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misspent (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misspending.] To spend amiss or for wrong purposes; to aquander; to waste; as, to misspend time or money. J. Philips.

Misspender

Mis*spend"er (?), n. One who misspends.

misspense

mis*spense" (?), n. A spending improperly; a wasting. [Obs.] Barrow.

Misspent

Mis*spent" (?), imp. & p. p. of Misspend.

Misstate

Mis*state" (?), v. t. To state wrongly; as, to misstate a question in debate. Bp. Sanderson.

Misstatement

Mis*state"ment (?), n. An incorrect statement.

Misstayed

Mis*stayed" (?), a. (Naut.) Having missed stays; -- said of a ship.

Misstep

Mis*step", n. A wrong step; an error of conduct.

Misstep

Mis*step", v. i. To take a wrong step; to go astray.

Missuccess

Mis`suc*cess" (?), n. Failure. [Obs.]

Missuggestion

Mis`sug*ges"tion (? ∨ ?), n. Wrong or evil suggestion. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Missummation

Mis`sum*ma"tion, n. Wrong summation.

Misswear

Mis*swear" (?), v. i. To swear falsely.

Missy

Mis"sy (?), n. (Min.) See Misy.

Missy

Mis"sy, n. An affectionate, or contemptuous, form of miss; a young girl; a miss. -- a. Like a miss, or girl.

Mist

Mist (?), n. [AS. mist; akin to D. & Sw. mist, Icel. mistr, G. mist dung, Goth. ma\'a1hstus, AS. m\'c6gan to make water, Icel. m\'c6ga, Lith. migla mist, Russ. mgla, L. mingere, meiere, to make water, gr. mih to make water, n., a mist m\'b5gha cloud. \'fb102. Cf. Misle, Mizzle, Mixen.]

1. Visible watery vapor suspended in the atmosphere, at or near the surface of the earth; fog.

2. Coarse, watery vapor, floating or falling in visible particles, approaching the form of rain; as, Scotch mist.

3. Hence, anything which dims or darkens, and obscures or intercepts vision.

His passion cast a mist before his sense. Dryden.
Mist flower (Bot.), a composite plant (Eupatorium c\'d2lestinum), having heart-shaped leaves, and corymbs of lavender-blue flowers. It is found in the Western and Southern United States.

Mist

Mist, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misted; p. pr. & vb. n. Misting.] To cloud; to cover with mist; to dim. Shak.

Mist

Mist, v. i.To rain in very fine drops; as, it mists.

Mistakable

Mis*tak"a*ble (?), a. Liable to be mistaken; capable of being misconceived. Sir T. Browne.

Mistake

Mis*take" (?), v. t. [imp. & obs. p. p. Mistook (?); p. p. Mistaken (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mistaking.] [Pref. mis- + take: cf. Icel. mistaka.]

1. To take or choose wrongly. [Obs. or R.] Shak.

2. To take in a wrong sense; to misunderstand misapprehend, or misconceive; as, to mistake a remark; to mistake one's meaning. Locke.

My father's purposes have been mistook. Shak.

3. To substitute in thought or perception; as, to mistake one person for another.

A man may mistake the love of virtue for the practice of it. Johnson.

4. To have a wrong idea of in respect of character, qualities, etc.; to misjudge.

Mistake me not so much, To think my poverty is treacherous. Shak.

Mistake

Mis*take", v. i. To err in knowledge, perception, opinion, or judgment; to commit an unintentional error.
Servants mistake, and sometimes occasion misunderstanding among friends. Swift.

Page 932

Mistake

Mis*take" (?), n.

1. An apprehending wrongly; a misconception; a misunderstanding; a fault in opinion or judgment; an unintentional error of conduct.

Infallibility is an absolute security of the understanding from all possibility of mistake. Tillotson.

2. (Law) Misconception, error, which when non-negligent may be ground for rescinding a contract, or for refusing to perform it. No mistake, surely; without fail; as, it will happen at the appointed time, and no mistake. [Low] Syn. -- Blunder; error; bull. See Blunder.

Mistaken

Mis*tak"en (?), p.a.

1. Being in error; judging wrongly; having a wrong opinion or a misconception; as, a mistaken man; he is mistaken.

2. Erroneous; wrong; as, a mistaken notion.

Mistakenly

Mis*tak"en*ly, adv. By mistake. Goldsmith.

Mistakenness

Mis*tak"en*ness, n. Erroneousness.

Mistaker

Mis*tak"er (?), n. One who mistakes.
Well meaning ignorance of some mistakers. Bp. Hall.

Mistaking

Mis*tak"ing, n. An error; a mistake. Shak.

Mistakingly

Mis*tak"ing*ly, adv. Erroneously.

Mistaught

Mis*taught" (?), a. [See Misteach.] Wrongly taught; as, a mistaught youth. L'Estrange.

Misteach

Mis*teach" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mistaught (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misteaching.] [AS. mist.] To teach wrongly; to instruct erroneously.

Mistell

Mis*tell" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mistold (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mistelling.] To tell erroneously.

Mistemper

Mis*tem"per (?), v. t. To temper ill; to disorder; as, to mistemper one's head. Warner.
This inundation of mistempered humor. Shak.

Mister

Mis"ter (?), n. [See Master, and cf. Mistress.] A title of courtesy prefixed to the name of a man or youth. It is usually written in the abbreviated form Mr.
To call your name, inquire your where, Or whet you think of Mister Some-one's book, Or Mister Other's marriage or decease. Mrs. Browning.

Mister

Mis"ter, v. t. To address or mention by the title Mr.; as, he mistered me in a formal way. [Colloq.]

Mister

Mis"ter, n. [OF. mistier trade, office, ministry, need, F. m\'82tier trade, fr. L. ministerium service, office, ministry. See Ministry, Mystery trade.] [Written also mester.]

1. A trade, art, or occupation. [Obs.]

In youth he learned had a good mester. Chaucer.

2. Manner; kind; sort. [Obs.] Spenser.

But telleth me what mester men ye be. Chaucer.

3. Need; necessity. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Mister

Mis"ter, v. i. To be needful or of use. [Obs.]
As for my name, it mistereth not to tell. Spenser.

Misterm

Mis*term" (?), v. t. To call by a wrong name; to miscall.

Mistery

Mis"ter*y (?), n. See Mystery, a trade.

Mistful

Mist"ful (?), a. Clouded with, or as with, mist.

Misthink

Mis*think" (?), v. i. [See Think.] To think wrongly. [Obs.] "Adam misthought of her." Milton.

Misthink

Mis*think", v. t. To have erroneous thoughts or judgment of; to think ill of. [Obs.] Shak.

Misthought

Mis*thought" (?), n. Erroneous thought; mistaken opinion; error. [Obs.] Spenser.

Misthrive

Mis*thrive" (?), v. i. To thrive poorly; to be not thrifty or prosperous. [Obs.]

Misthrow

Mis*throw" (?), v. t. To throw wrongly.

Mistic, Mistico

Mis"tic (?), Mis"ti*co (?), n. [Sp. m\'a1stico.] A kind of small sailing vessel used in the Mediterranean. It is rigged partly like a xebec, and partly like a felucca.

Mistide

Mis*tide" (?), v. i. [AS. mist\'c6dan. See Tide.] To happen or come to pass unfortunately; also, to suffer evil fortune. [Obs.]

Mistigris, Mistigri

Mis`ti`gris" (?), Mis`ti`gri", n. [F. mistigri.] A variety of the game of poker in which the joker is used, and called mistigris or mistigri.

Mistihead

Mist"i*head (?), n. Mistiness. [Obs.]

Mistily

Mist"i*ly, adv. With mist; darkly; obscurely.

Mistime

Mis*time" (?), v. t. [AS. mist\'c6main to turn out ill.] To time wrongly; not to adapt to the time.

Mistiness

Mist"i*ness (?), n. State of being misty.

Mistion

Mis"tion (?), n. [L. mistio, mixtio. See Mix, and cf. Mixtion.] Mixture. [Obs.]

Mistitle

Mis*ti"tle (?), v. t. To call by a wrong title.

Mistle

Mis"tle (?), v. i. [Eng. mist. See Misle, and Mizzle.] To fall in very fine drops, as rain.

Mistletoe

Mis"tle*toe (?), n. [AS. mistelt\'ben; mistel mistletoe + t\'ben twig. AS. mistel is akin of D., G., Dan. & Sw. mistel, OHG. mistil, Icel. mistilteinn; and AS. t\'ben to D. teen, OHG. zein, Icel. teinn, Goth. tains. Cf. Missel.] (Bot.) A parasitic evergreen plant of Europe (Viscum album), bearing a glutinous fruit. When found upon the oak, where it is rare, it was an object of superstitious regard among the Druids. A bird lime is prepared from its fruit. [Written also misletoe, misseltoe, and mistleto.] Lindley. Loudon. &hand; The mistletoe of the United States is Phoradendron flavescens, having broader leaves than the European kind. In different regions various similar plants are called by this name.

Mistonusk

Mis"to*nusk (?), n. [From the Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) The American badger.

Mistook

Mis*took" (?), imp. & obs. p. p. of Mistake.

Mistradition

Mis`tra*di"tion (?), n. A wrong tradition. "Monsters of mistradition." Tennyson.

Mistrain

Mis*train" (?), v. t. To train amiss.

Mistral

Mis"tral (?), n. [F., fr. Proven\'87al.] A violent and cold northwest wind experienced in the Mediterranean provinces of France, etc.

Mistranslate

Mis`trans*late" (?), v. t. To translate erroneously.

Mistranslation

Mis`trans*la"tion (?), n. Wrong translation.

Mistransport

Mis`trans*port" (?), v. t. To carry away or mislead wrongfully, as by passion. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Mistreading

Mis*tread"ing (?), n. Misstep; misbehavior. "To punish my mistreadings." Shak.

Mistreat

Mis*treat" (?), v. t. To treat amiss; to abuse.

Mistreatment

Mis*treat"ment (?), n. Wrong treatment.

Mistress

Mis"tress (?), n. [OE. maistress, OF. maistresse, F. ma\'8ctresse, LL. magistrissa, for L. magistra, fem. of magister. See Master, Mister, and cf. Miss a young woman.]

1. A woman having power, authority, or ownership; a woman who exercises authority, is chief, etc.; the female head of a family, a school, etc.

The late queen's gentlewoman! a knight's daughter! To be her mistress' mistress! Shak.

2. A woman well skilled in anything, or having the mastery over it.

A letter desires all young wives to make themselves mistresses of Wingate's Arithmetic. Addison.

3. A woman regarded with love and devotion; she who has command over one's heart; a beloved object; a sweetheart. [Poetic] Clarendon.

4. A woman filling the place, but without the rights, of a wife; a concubine; a loose woman with whom one consorts habitually. Spectator.

5. A title of courtesy formerly prefixed to the name of a woman, married or unmarried, but now superseded by the contracted forms, Mrs., for a married, and Miss, for an unmarried, woman.

Now Mistress Gilpin (careful soul). Cowper.

6. A married woman; a wife. [Scot.]

Several of the neighboring mistresses had assembled to witness the event of this memorable evening. Sir W. Scott.

7. The old name of the jack at bowls. Beau. & Fl. To be one's own mistress, to be exempt from control by another person.

Mistress

Mis"tress, v. i. To wait upon a mistress; to be courting. [Obs.] Donne.

Mistressship

Mis"tress*ship, n.

1. Female rule or dominion.

2. Ladyship, a style of address; -- with the personal pronoun. [Obs.] Massinger.

Mistrial

Mis*tri"al (?), n. (Law) A false or erroneous trial; a trial which has no result.

Mistrist

Mis*trist" (?), v. t. To mistrust. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mistrow

Mis*trow" (?), v. i. To think wrongly. [Obs.]

Mistrust

Mis*trust" (?), n. Want of confidence or trust; suspicion; distrust. Milton.

Mistrust

Mis*trust", v. t.

1. To regard with jealousy or suspicion; to suspect; to doubt the integrity of; to distrust.

I will never mistrust my wife again. Shak.

2. To forebode as near, or likely to occur; to surmise.

By a divine instinct, men's minds mistrust Ensuing dangers. Shak.

Mistruster

Mis*trust"er (?), n. One who mistrusts.

Mistrustful

Mis*trust"ful (?), a. Having or causing mistrust, suspicions, or forebodings.
Their light blown out in some mistrustful wood. Shak.
-- Mis*trust"ful*ly, adv. -- Mis*trust"ful*ness, n.

Mistrustingly

Mis*trust"ing*ly, adv. With distrust or suspicion.

Mistrustless

Mis*trust"less, a. Having no mistrust or suspicion.
The swain mistrustless of his smutted face. Goldsmith.

Mistune

Mis*tune" (?), v. t. To tune wrongly.

Mistura

Mis*tu"ra (?), n. [L. See Mixture.] (Med.) (a) A mingled compound in which different ingredients are contained in a liquid state; a mixture. See Mixture, n., 4. (b) Sometimes, a liquid medicine containing very active substances, and which can only be administered by drops. Dunglison.

Misturn

Mis*turn" (?), v. t. To turn amiss; to pervert.

Mistutor

Mis*tu"tor (?), v. t. To instruct amiss.

Misty

Mist"y (?), a. [Compar. Mistier (?); superl. Mistiest.] [AS. mistig. See Mist. In some senses misty has been confused with mystic.]

1. Accompained with mist; characterized by the presence of mist; obscured by, or overspread with, mist; as, misty weather; misty mountains; a misty atmosphere.

2. Obscured as if by mist; dim; obscure; clouded; as, misty sight.

The more I muse therein [theology], The mistier it seemeth. Piers Plowman.

Misunderstand

Mis*un`der*stand" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Misunderstood (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Misunderstanding.] To misconceive; to mistake; to miscomprehend; to take in a wrong sense.

Misunderstander

Mis*un`der*stand"er (?), n. One who misunderstands. Sir T. More.

Misunderstanding

Mis*un`der*stand"ing, n.

1. Mistake of the meaning; error; misconception. Bacon.

2. Disagreement; difference of opinion; dissension; quarrel. "Misunderstandings among friends." Swift.

Misurato

Mi`su*ra"to (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Measured; -- a direction to perform a passage in strict or measured time.

Misusage

Mis*us"age (?), n. [Cf. F. m\'82susage.] Bad treatment; abuse. Spenser.

Misuse

Mis*use" (?), v. t. [F. m\'82suser. See Mis-, prefix from French, and Use.]

1. To treat or use improperly; to use to a bad purpose; to misapply; as, to misuse one's talents. South.

The sweet poison of misused wine. Milton.

2. To abuse; to treat ill.

O, she misused me past the endurance of a block. Shak.
Syn. -- To maltreat; abuse; misemploy; misapply.

Misuse

Mis*use" (?), n.

1. Wrong use; misapplication; erroneous or improper use.

Words little suspected for any such misuse. Locke.

2. Violence, or its effects. [Obs.] Shak.

Misusement

Mis*use"ment (?), n. Misuse. [Obs.]

Misuser

Mis*us"er (?), n.

1. One who misuses. "Wretched misusers of language." Coleridge.

2. (Law) Unlawful use of a right; use in excess of, or varying from, one's right. Bouvier.

Misvalue

Mis*val"ue (?), v. t. To value wrongly or too little; to undervalue.
But for I am so young, I dread my work Wot be misvalued both of old and young. W. Browne.

Misvouch

Mis*vouch" (?), v. t. To vouch falsely.

Miswander

Mis*wan"der (?), v. i. To wander in a wrong path; to stray; to go astray. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Misway

Mis*way" (?), n. A wrong way. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Miswear

Mis*wear" (?), v. t. To wear ill. [Obs.] Bacon.

Miswed

Mis*wed" (?), v. t. To wed improperly.

Misween

Mis*ween" (?), v. i. To ween amiss; to misjudge; to distrust; to be mistaken. [Obs.] Spenser.

Miswend

Mis*wend" (?), v. i. To go wrong; to go astray. [Obs.] "The world is miswent." Gower.

Misword

Mis*word" (?), v. t. To word wrongly; as, to misword a message, or a sentence.

Misword

Mis*word", n. A word wrongly spoken; a cross word. [Obs.] Sylvester. Breton.

Misworship

Mis*wor"ship (?), n. Wrong or false worship; mistaken practices in religion. Bp. Hall.
Such hideous jungle of misworships. Carlyle.

Misworship

Mis*wor"ship, v. t. To worship wrongly. Bp. Hall.

Misworshiper

Mis*wor"ship*er (?), n. One who worships wrongly.

Miswrite

Mis*write" (?), v. t. To write incorrectly.

Miswrought

Mis*wrought" (?), a. Badly wrought. Bacon.

Misy

Mi"sy (?), n. [Cf. L. misy a mineral, perh. copperas, Gr. (Min.) An impure yellow sulphate of iron; yellow copperas or copiapite.

Misyoke

Mis*yoke" (?), v. t. To yoke improperly.

Miszealous

Mis*zeal"ous (?), a. Mistakenly zealous. [Obs.]

Mite

Mite (?), n. [AS. m\'c6te mite (in sense 1); akin to LG. mite, D. mijt, G. miete, OHG. m\'c6za; cf. Goth. maitan to cut.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A minute arachnid, of the order Acarina, of which there are many species; as, the cheese mite, sugar mite, harvest mite, etc. See Acarina.

2. [D. mijt; prob. the same word.] A small coin formerly circulated in England, rated at about a third of a farthing. The name is also applied to a small coin used in Palestine in the time of Christ.

Two mites, which make a farthing. Mark xii. 49.

3. A small weight; one twentieth of a grain.

4. Anything very small; a minute object; a very little quantity or particle.

For in effect they be not worth a myte. Chaucer.

Miter, Mitre

Mi"ter, Mi"tre (?), n. [F. mitre, fr. L. mitra headband, turban, Gr.

1. A covering for the head, worn on solemn occasions by church dignitaries. It has been made in many forms, the present form being a lofty cap with two points or peaks. Fairholt.

2. The surface forming the beveled end or edge of a piece where a miter joint is made; also, a joint formed or a junction effected by two beveled ends or edges; a miter joint.

3. (Numis.) A sort of base money or coin. Miter box (Carp. & Print.), an apparatus for guiding a handsaw at the proper angle in making a miter joint; esp., a wooden or metal trough with vertical kerfs in its upright sides, for guides. -- Miter dovetail (Carp.), a kind of dovetail for a miter joint in which there is only one joint line visible, and that at the angle. -- Miter gauge (Carp.), a gauge for determining the angle of a miter. -- Miter joint, a joint formed by pieces matched and united upon a line bisecting the angle of junction, as by the beveled ends of two pieces of molding or brass rule, etc. The term is used especially when the pieces form a right angle. See Miter, 2. -- Miter shell (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of marine univalve shells of the genus Mitra. -- Miter square (Carp.), a bevel with an immovable arm at an angle of 45°, for striking lines on stuff to be mitered; also, a square with an arm adjustable to any angle. -- Miter wheels, a pair of bevel gears, of equal diameter, adapted for working together, usually with their axes at right angles.

Miter, Mitre

Mi"ter, Mi"tre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mitered (?) or Mitred; p. pr. & vb. n. Mitering (?) or Mitring.]

1. To place a miter upon; to adorn with a miter. "Mitered locks." Milton.

2. To match together, as two pieces of molding or brass rule on a line bisecting the angle of junction; to bevel the ends or edges of, for the purpose of matching together at an angle.

Miter, Mitre

Mi"ter, Mi"tre, v. i. To meet and match together, as two pieces of molding, on a line bisecting the angle of junction.

Miterwort

Mi"ter*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Mitella, -- slender, perennial herbs with a pod slightly resembling a bishop's miter; bishop's cap. False miterwort, a white-flowered perennial herb of the United States (Tiarella cardifolia).

Mithic

Mith"ic (?), a. See Mythic.

Mithras

Mi"thras (?), n. [L., from Gr. The sun god of the Persians.

Mithridate

Mith"ri*date (?), n. (Med.) An antidote against poison, or a composition in form of an electuary, supposed to serve either as a remedy or a preservative against poison; an alexipharmic; -- so called from King Mithridates, its reputed inventor.
[Love is] a drop of the true elixir; no mithridate so effectual against the infection of vice. Southey.

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Mithridatic

Mith`ri*dat"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to King Mithridates, or to a mithridate.

Mitigable

Mit"i*ga*ble (?), a. Admitting of mitigation; that may be mitigated.

Mitigant

Mit"i*gant (?), a. [L. mitigans, p.pr. of mitigare. See Mitigate.] Tending to mitigate; mitigating; lentitive. Johnson.

Mitigate

Mit"i*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mitigated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mitigating.] [L. mitigatus, p.p. of mitigare to soften, mitigate; mitis mild, soft + the root of agere to do, drive.]

1. To make less severe, intense, harsh, rigorous, painful, etc.; to soften; to meliorate; to alleviate; to diminish; to lessen; as, to mitigate heat or cold; to mitigate grief.

2. To make mild and accessible; to mollify; -- applied to persons. [Obs.]

This opinion ... mitigated kings into companions. Burke.
Syn. -- To alleviate; assuage; allay. See Alleviate.

Mitigation

Mit`i*ga"tion (?), n. [OE. mitigacioun, F. mitigation, fr. L. mitigatio.] The act of mitigating, or the state of being mitigated; abatement or diminution of anything painful, harsh, severe, afflictive, or calamitous; as, the mitigation of pain, grief, rigor, severity, punishment, or penalty. Syn. -- Alleviation; abatement; relief.

Mitigative

Mit"i*ga*tive (?), a. [L. mitigativus: cf. F. mitigatif.] Tending to mitigate; alleviating.

Mitigator

Mit"i*ga`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, mitigates.

Mitigatory

Mit"i*ga*to*ry (?), a. Tending to mitigate or alleviate; mitigative.

Miting

Mit"ing (?), n. [From Mite.] A little one; -- used as a term of endearment. [Obs.] Skelton.

Mitome

Mi"tome (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) The denser part of the protoplasm of a cell.

Mitosis

Mi*to"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) See Karyokinesis.

Mitraille

Mi`traille" (?), n. [F. See Mitrailleur.] Shot or bits of iron used sometimes in loading cannon.

Mitrailleur

Mi`tra`illeur" (?), n. [F.] (Mil.) One who serves a mitrailleuse.

Mitrailleuse

Mi`tra`illeuse" (?), n. [F., fr. mitrailler to fire grapeshot, fr. mitraille old iron, grapeshot, dim. of OF. mite a mite.] (Mil.) A breech-loading machine gun consisting of a number of barrels fitted together, so arranged that the barrels can be fired simultaneously, or successively, and rapidly.

Mitral

Mi"tral (?), a. [Cf. F. mitral. See Miter.] Pertaining to a miter; resembling a miter; as, the mitral valve between the left auricle and left ventricle of the heart.

Mitre

Mi"tre (?), n. & v. See Miter.

Mitriform

Mit"ri*form (?), a. [Miter + -form: cf. F. mitriforme.] Having the form of a miter, or a peaked cap; as, a mitriform calyptra. Gray.

Mitt

Mitt (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. mitten.] A mitten; also, a covering for the wrist and hand and not for the fingers.

Mitten

Mit"ten (?), n. [OE. mitaine, meteyn, F. mitaine, perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. miotog, Gael. miotag, Ir. & Gael. mutan a muff, a thick glove. Cf. Mitt.]

1. A covering for the hand, worn to defend it from cold or injury. It differs from a glove in not having a separate sheath for each finger. Chaucer.

2. A cover for the wrist and forearm. To give the mitten to, to dismiss as a lover; to reject the suit of. [Colloq.] -- To handle without mittens, to treat roughly; to handle without gloves. [Colloq.]

Mittened

Mit"tened (?), a. Covered with a mitten or mittens. "Mittened hands." Whittier.

Mittent

Mit"tent (?), a. [L. mittens, p.pr. of mittere to send.] Sending forth; emitting. [Obs.] Wiseman.

Mittimus

Mit"ti*mus (?), n. [L., we send, fr. mittere to send.] (Law) (a) A precept or warrant granted by a justice for committing to prison a party charged with crime; a warrant of commitment to prison. Burrill. (b) A writ for removing records from one court to another. Brande & C.

Mitter's green

Mit"ter's green` (?). (Chem.) A pigment of a green color, the chief constituent of which is oxide of chromium.

Mitty

Mit"ty (?), n. The stormy petrel. [Prov. Eng.]

Mitu

Mi"tu (?), n. [Braz. mitu poranga.] (Zo\'94l.) A South American curassow of the genus Mitua.

Mity

Mit"y (?), a. [From Mite.] Having, or abounding with, mites.

Mix

Mix (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mixed (?) (less properly Mixt); p. pr. & vb. n. Mixing.] [AS. miscan; akin to OHG. misken, G. mischen, Russ. mieshate, W. mysgu, Gael. measg, L. miscere, mixtum, Gr. mi\'87ra mixed. The English word has been influenced by L. miscere, mixtum (cf. Mixture), and even the AS. miscan may have been borrowed fr. L. miscere. Cf. Admix, Mash to bruise, Meddle.]

1. To cause a promiscuous interpenetration of the parts of, as of two or more substances with each other, or of one substance with others; to unite or blend into one mass or compound, as by stirring together; to mingle; to blend; as, to mix flour and salt; to mix wines.

Fair persuasions mixed with sugared words. Shak.

2. To unite with in company; to join; to associate.

Ephraim, he hath mixed himself among the people. Hos. vii. 8.

3. To form by mingling; to produce by the stirring together of ingredients; to compound of different parts.

Hast thou no poison mixed? Shak.
I have chosen an argument mixed of religious and civil considerations. Bacon.

Mix

Mix (?), v. i.

1. To become united into a compound; to be blended promiscuously together.

2. To associate; to mingle.

He had mixed Again in fancied safety with his kind. Byron.

Mixable

Mix"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being mixed.

Mixed

Mixed (?), a. Formed by mixing; united; mingled; blended. See Mix, v. t. & i. Mixed action (Law), a suit combining the properties of a real and a personal action. -- Mixed angle, a mixtilineal angle. -- Mixed fabric, a textile fabric composed of two or more kinds of fiber, as a poplin. -- Mixed marriage, a marriage between persons of different races or religions; specifically, one between a Roman Catholic and a Protestant. -- Mixed number, a whole number and a fraction taken together. -- Mixed train, a railway train containing both passenger and freight cars. -- Mixed voices (Mus.), voices of both males and females united in the same performance.

Mixedly

Mix"ed*ly (?), adv. In a mixed or mingled manner.

Mixen

Mix"en (?), n. [AS. mixen, myxen, fr. meohx, meox, dung, filth; akin to E. mist. See Mist.] A compost heap; a dunghill. Chaucer. Tennyson.

Mixer

Mix"er (?), n. One who, or that which, mixes.

Mixogamous

Mix*og"a*mous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Pairing with several males; -- said of certain fishes of which several males accompany each female during spawning.

Mixolydian mode

Mix`o*lyd"i*an mode` (?). [Gr. Lydian.] (Mus.) The seventh ecclesiastical mode, whose scale commences on G.

Mixtilineal, Mixtilinear

Mix`ti*lin"e*al (?), Mix`ti*lin"e*ar (?), a. [L. mixtus mixed (p.p. of miscere to mix) + E. lineal, linear.] Containing, or consisting of, lines of different kinds, as straight, curved, and the like; as, a mixtilinear angle, that is, an angle contained by a straight line and a curve. [R.]

Mixtion

Mix"tion (?), n. [L. mixtio, mistio: cf. F. mixtion. See Mistion, Mix.]

1. Mixture. [Obs.]

2. A kind of cement made of mastic, amber, etc., used as a mordant for gold leaf.

Mixtly

Mixt"ly (?), adv. With mixture; in a mixed manner; mixedly. Bacon.

Mixture

Mix"ture (?), n. [L. mixtura, fr. miscere, mixtum, to mix: cf. F. mixture. See Mix.]

1. The act of mixing, or the state of being mixed; as, made by a mixture of ingredients. Hooker.

2. That which results from mixing different ingredients together; a compound; as, to drink a mixture of molasses and water; -- also, a medley.

There is also a mixture of good and evil wisely distributed by God, to serve the ends of his providence. Atterbury.

3. An ingredient entering into a mixed mass; an additional ingredient.

Cicero doubts whether it were possible for a community to exist that had not a prevailing mixture of piety in its constitution. Addison.

4. (Med.) A kind of liquid medicine made up of many ingredients; esp., as opposed to solution, a liquid preparation in which the solid ingredients are not completely dissolved.

5. (Physics & Chem.) A mass of two or more ingredients, the particles of which are separable, independent, and uncompounded with each other, no matter how thoroughly and finely commingled; -- contrasted with a compound; thus, gunpowder is a mechanical mixture of carbon, sulphur, and niter.

6. (Mus.) An organ stop, comprising from two to five ranges of pipes, used only in combination with the foundation and compound stops; -- called also furniture stop. It consists of high harmonics, or overtones, of the ground tone. Syn. -- Union; admixture; intermixture; medley.

Mizmaze

Miz"maze` (?), n. A maze or labyrinth. [Obs.]

Mizzen

Miz"zen (?), a. [It. mezzana, fr. mezzano middle, fr. mezzo middle, half: cf. F. misaine foresail. See Mezzo.] (Naut.) Hindmost; nearest the stern; as, the mizzen shrouds, sails, etc.

Mizzen

Miz"zen, n. (Naut.) The hindmost of the fore and aft sails of a three-masted vessel; also, the spanker.

Mizzenmast

Miz"zen*mast (?), n. (Naut.) The hindmost mast of a three-masted vessel, or of a yawl-rigged vessel.

Mizzle

Miz"zle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Mizzled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mizzling (?).] [See Misle, and cf. Mistle.]

1. To rain in very fine drops. Spenser.

2. To take one's self off; to go. [Slang]

As long as George the Fourth could reign, he reigned, And then he mizzled. Epigram, quoted by Wright.

Mizzle

Miz"zle, n. Mist; fine rain.

Mizzy

Miz"zy (?), n. [Cf. F. moisi moldy, musty, p.p. of moisir to mold, fr. L. mucere to be moldy.] A bog or quagmire. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

Mnemonic, Mnemonical

Mne*mon"ic (?), Mne*mon"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. mind.] Assisting in memory.

Mnemonician

Mne`mo*ni"cian (?), n. One who instructs in the art of improving or using the memory.

Mnemonics

Mne*mon"ics (?), n. [Gr. mn\'82monique.] The art of memory; a system of precepts and rules intended to assist the memory; artificial memory.

Mnemosyne

Mne*mos"y*ne (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Mnemonic.] (Class Myth.) The goddess of memory and the mother of the Muses.

Mnemotechny

Mne"mo*tech`ny (?), n. [Gr. mn\'82motechnie.] Mnemonics.

Mo

Mo (?), a., adv., & n. [Written also moe.] [AS. m\'be. See More.] More; -- usually, more in number. [Obs.]
An hundred thousand mo. Chaucer.
Likely to find mo to commend than to imitate it. Fuller.

-mo

-mo (?). A suffix added to the names of certain numerals or to the numerals themselves, to indicate the number of leaves made by folding a sheet of paper; as, sixteenmo or 16mo; eighteenmo or 18mo. It is taken from the Latin forms similarly used; as, duodecimo, sextodecimo, etc. A small circle, placed after the number and near its top, is often used for -mo; as, 16\'f8, 18\'f8, etc.

Moa

Mo"a (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several very large extinct species of wingless birds belonging to Dinornis, and other related genera, of the suborder Dinornithes, found in New Zealand. They are allied to the apteryx and the ostrich. They were probably exterminated by the natives before New Zealand was discovered by Europeans. Some species were much larger than the ostrich.

Moabite

Mo"ab*ite (?), n. One of the posterity of Moab, the son of Lot. (Gen. xix. 37.) Also used adjectively.

Moabitess

Mo"ab*i`tess (?), n. A female Moabite. Ruth i. 22.

Moabitish

Mo"ab*i`tish (?), a. Moabite. Ruth ii. 6.

Moan

Moan (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Moaned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Moaning.] [AS. m to moan, also, to mean; but in the latter sense perh. a different word. Cf. Mean to intend.]

1. To make a low prolonged sound of grief or pain, whether articulate or not; to groan softly and continuously.

Unpitied and unheard, where misery moans. Thomson.
Let there bechance him pitiful mischances, To make him moan. Shak.

2. To emit a sound like moan; -- said of things inanimate; as, the wind moans.

Moan

Moan, v. t.

1. To bewail audibly; to lament.

Ye floods, ye woods, ye echoes, moan My dear Columbo, dead and gone. Prior.

2. To afflict; to distress. [Obs.]

Which infinitely moans me. Beau. & Fl.

Moan

Moan, n. [OE. mone. See Moan, v. i.]

1. A low prolonged sound, articulate or not, indicative of pain or of grief; a low groan.

Sullen moans, hollow groans. Pope.

2. A low mournful or murmuring sound; -- of things.

Rippling waters made a pleasant moan. Byron.

Moanful

Moan"ful (?), a. Full of moaning; expressing sorrow. -- Moan"ful*ly, adv.

Moat

Moat (?), n. [OF. mote hill, dike, bank, F. motte clod, turf: cf. Sp. & Pg. mota bank or mound of earth, It. motta clod, LL. mota, motta, a hill on which a fort is built, an eminence, a dike, Prov. G. mott bog earth heaped up; or perh. F. motte, and OF. mote, are from a LL. p.p. of L. movere to move (see Move). The name of moat, properly meaning, bank or mound, was transferred to the ditch adjoining: cf. F. dike and ditch.] (Fort.) A deep trench around the rampart of a castle or other fortified place, sometimes filled with water; a ditch.

Moat

Moat, v. t. To surround with a moat. Dryden.

Moate

Moate (?), v. i. [See Mute to molt.] To void the excrement, as a bird; to mute. [Obs.]

Mob

Mob (?), n. [See Mobcap.] A mobcap. Goldsmith.

Mob

Mob, v. t. To wrap up in, or cover with, a cowl. [R.]

Mob

Mob, n. [L. mobile vulgus, the movable common people. See Mobile, n.]

1. The lower classes of a community; the populace, or the lowest part of it.

A cluster of mob were making themselves merry with their betters. Addison.

2. Hence: A throgn; a rabble; esp., an unlawful or riotous assembly; a disorderly crowd.

The mob of gentlemen who wrote with ease. Pope.
Had every Athenian citizen been a Socrates, every Athenian assembly would still have been a mob. Madison.
Confused by brainless mobs. Tennyson.
Mob law, law administered by the mob; lynch law. -- Swell mob, well dressed thieves and swindlers, regarded collectively. [Slang] Dickens.

Mob

Mob, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mobbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mobbing.] To crowd about, as a mob, and attack or annoy; as, to mob a house or a person.

Mobbish

Mob"bish (?), a. Like a mob; tumultuous; lawless; as, a mobbish act. Bp. Kent.

Mobcap

Mob"cap` (?), n. [D. mop-muts; OD. mop a woman's coif + D. muts cap.] A plain cap or headdress for women or girls; especially, one tying under the chin by a very broad band, generally of the same material as the cap itself. Thackeray.

Mobile

Mo"bile (?), a. [L. mobilis, for movibilis, fr. movere to move: cf. F. mobile. See Move.]

1. Capable of being moved; not fixed in place or condition; movable. "Fixed or else mobile." Skelton.

2. Characterized by an extreme degree of fluidity; moving or flowing with great freedom; as, benzine and mercury are mobile liquids; -- opposed to viscous, viscoidal, or oily.

3. Easily moved in feeling, purpose, or direction; excitable; changeable; fickle. Testament of Love.

The quick and mobile curiosity of her disposition. Hawthorne.

4. Changing in appearance and expression under the influence of the mind; as, mobile features.

5. (Physiol.) Capable of being moved, aroused, or excited; capable of spontaneous movement.

Mobile

Mo"bile (?), n. [L. mobile vulgus. See Mobile, a., and cf. 3d Mob.] The mob; the populace. [Obs.] "The unthinking mobile." South.
Page 934

Mobility

Mo*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. mobilitas: cf. F. mobilit\'82.]

1. The quality or state of being mobile; as, the mobility of a liquid, of an army, of the populace, of features, of a muscle. Sir T. Browne.

2. The mob; the lower classes. [Humorous] Dryden.

Mobilization

Mob`i*li*za"tion (?), n. [F. mobilization.] The act of mobilizing.

Mobilize

Mob"i*lize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mobilized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mobilizing (?).] [F. mobiliser.] To put in a state of readiness for active service in war, as an army corps.

Moble

Mo"ble (?), v. t. [From Mob to wrap up.] To wrap the head of in a hood. [Obs.] Shak.

Mobles

Mo"bles (?), n. pl. See Moebles. [Obs.]

Mobocracy

Mob*oc"ra*cy (?), n. [Mob rabble + -cracy, as in democracy.] A condition in which the lower classes of a nation control public affairs without respect to law, precedents, or vested rights.
It is good name that Dr. Stevens has given to our present situation (for one can not call it a government), a mobocracy. Walpole.

Mobocrat

Mob"o*crat (?), n. One who favors a form of government in which the unintelligent populace rules without restraint. Bayne.

Mobocratic

Mob`o*crat"ic (?), a. Of, or relating to, a mobocracy.

Moccasin

Moc"ca*sin (?), n. [An Indian word. Algonquin makisin.] [Sometimes written moccason.]

1. A shoe made of deerskin, or other soft leather, the sole and upper part being one piece. It is the customary shoe worn by the American Indians.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A poisonous snake of the Southern United States. The water moccasin (Ancistrodon piscivorus) is usually found in or near water. Above, it is olive brown, barred with black; beneath, it is brownish yellow, mottled with darker. The upland moccasin is Ancistrodon atrofuscus. They resemble rattlesnakes, but are without rattles. Moccasin flower (Bot.), a species of lady's slipper (Cypripedium acaule) found in North America. The lower petal is two inches long, and forms a rose-colored moccasin-shaped pouch. It grows in rich woods under coniferous trees.

Moccasined

Moc"ca*sined (?), a. Covered with, or wearing, a moccasin or moccasins. "Moccasined feet." Harper's Mag.

Mocha

Mo"cha (?), n.

1. A seaport town of Arabia, on the Red Sea.

2. A variety of coffee brought from Mocha.

3. An Abyssinian weight, equivalent to a Troy grain. Mocha stone (Min.), moss agate.

Moche

Moche (?), n. [F.] A bale of raw silk.

Moche

Moche (?), a. Much. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mochel

Moch"el (?), a. & adv. Much. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mochila

Mo*chi"la (?), n. [Sp.] A large leather flap which covers the saddletree. [Western U.S.]

Mock

Mock (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mocked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mocking.] [F. moquer, of uncertain origin; cf. OD. mocken to mumble, G. mucken, OSw. mucka.]

1. To imitate; to mimic; esp., to mimic in sport, contempt, or derision; to deride by mimicry.

To see the life as lively mocked as ever Still sleep mocked death. Shak.
Mocking marriage with a dame of France. Shak.

2. To treat with scorn or contempt; to deride.

Elijah mocked them, and said, Cry aloud. 1 Kings xviii. 27.
Let not ambition mock their useful toil. Gray.

3. To disappoint the hopes of; to deceive; to tantalize; as, to mock expectation.

Thou hast mocked me, and told me lies. Judg. xvi. 13.
He will not ... Mock us with his blest sight, then snatch him hence. Milton.
Syn. -- To deride; ridicule; taunt; jeer; tantalize; disappoint. See Deride.

Mock

Mock, v. i. To make sport contempt or in jest; to speak in a scornful or jeering manner.
When thou mockest, shall no man make thee ashamed? Job xi. 3.
She had mocked at his proposal. Froude.

Mock

Mock, n.

1. An act of ridicule or derision; a scornful or contemptuous act or speech; a sneer; a jibe; a jeer.

Fools make a mock at sin. Prov. xiv. 9.

2. Imitation; mimicry. [R.] Crashaw.

Mock

Mock, a. Imitating reality, but not real; false; counterfeit; assumed; sham.
That superior greatness and mock majesty. Spectator.
Mock bishop's weed (Bot.), a genus of slender umbelliferous herbs (Discopleura) growing in wet places. -- Mock heroic, burlesquing the heroic; as, a mock heroic poem. -- Mock lead. See Blende (a). -- Mock nightingale (Zo\'94l.), the European blackcap. -- Mock orange (Bot.), a genus of American and Asiatic shrubs (Philadelphus), with showy white flowers in panicled cymes. P. coronarius, from Asia, has fragrant flowers; the American kinds are nearly scentless. -- Mock sun. See Parhelion. -- Mock turtle soup, a soup made of calf's head, veal, or other meat, and condiments, in imitation of green turtle soup. -- Mock velvet, a fabric made in imitation of velvet. See Mockado.

Mockable

Mock"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be mocked. Shak.

Mockado

Mock"a*do (?), n. A stuff made in imitation of velvet; -- probably the same as mock velvet. [Obs.]
Our rich mockado doublet. Ford.

Mockadour

Mock"a*dour (?), n. See Mokadour. [Obs.]

Mockage

Mock"age (?), n. Mockery. [Obs.] Fuller.

Mockbird

Mock"bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European sedge warbler (Acrocephalus phragmitis).

Mocker

Mock"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, mocks; a scorner; a scoffer; a derider.

2. A deceiver; an impostor.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A mocking bird. Mocker nut (Bot.), a kind of hickory (Carya tomentosa) and its fruit, which is far inferior to the true shagbark hickory nut.

Mockery

Mock"er*y (?), n.; pl. Mockeries (#). [F. moquerie.]

1. The act of mocking, deriding, and exposing to contempt, by mimicry, by insincere imitation, or by a false show of earnestness; a counterfeit appearance.

It is, as the air, invulnerable, And our vain blows malicious mockery. Shak.
Grace at meals is now generally so performed as to look more like a mockery upon devotion than any solemn application of the mind to God. Law.
And bear about the mockery of woe. Pope.

2. Insulting or contemptuous action or speech; contemptuous merriment; derision; ridicule.

The laughingstock of fortune's mockeries. Spenser.

3. Subject of laughter, derision, or sport.

The cruel handling of the city whereof they made a mockery. 2 Macc. viii. 17.

Mocking

Mock"ing, a. Imitating, esp. in derision, or so as to cause derision; mimicking; derisive. Mocking bird (Zo\'94l.), a North American singing bird (Mimus polyglottos), remarkable for its exact imitations of the notes of other birds. Its back is gray; the tail and wings are blackish, with a white patch on each wing; the outer tail feathers are partly white. The name is also applied to other species of the same genus, found in Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. -- Mocking thrush (Zo\'94l.), any species of the genus Harporhynchus, as the brown thrush (H. rufus). -- Mocking wren (Zo\'94l.), any American wren of the genus Thryothorus, esp. T. Ludovicianus.

Mockingly

Mock"ing*ly, adv. By way of derision; in a contemptuous or mocking manner.

Mockingstock

Mock"ing*stock` (?), n. A butt of sport; an object of derision. [R.]

Mockish

Mock"ish, a. Mock; counterfeit; sham. [Obs.]

Mockle

Moc"kle (?), a. See Mickle.

Moco

Mo"co (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A South American rodent (Cavia rupestris), allied to the Guinea pig, but larger; -- called also rock cavy.

Modal

Mo"dal (?), a. [Cf. F. modal. See Mode.]

1. Of or pertaining to a mode or mood; consisting in mode or form only; relating to form; having the form without the essence or reality. Glanvill.

2. (Logic & Metaph.) Indicating, or pertaining to, some mode of conceiving existence, or of expressing thought.

Modalist

Mo"dal*ist, n. (Theol.) One who regards Father, Son, and Spirit as modes of being, and not as persons, thus denying personal distinction in the Trinity. Eadie.

Modality

Mo*dal"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. modalit\'82.]

1. The quality or state of being modal.

2. (Logic & Metaph.) A modal relation or quality; a mode or point of view under which an object presents itself to the mind. According to Kant, the quality of propositions, as assertory, problematical, or apodeictic.

Modally

Mo"dal*ly (?), adv. In a modal manner.
A compound proposition, the parts of which are united modally ... by the particles "as" and "so." Gibbs.

Mode

Mode (?), n. [L. modus a measure, due or proper measure, bound, manner, form; akin to E. mete: cf. F. mode. See Mete, and cf. Commodious, Mood in grammar, Modus.]

1. Manner of doing or being; method; form; fashion; custom; way; style; as, the mode of speaking; the mode of dressing.

The duty of itself being resolved on, the mode of doing it may easily be found. Jer. Taylor.
A table richly spread in regal mode. Milton.

2. Prevailing popular custom; fashion, especially in the phrase the mode.

The easy, apathetic graces of a man of the mode. Macaulay.

3. Variety; gradation; degree. Pope.

4. (Metaph.) Any combination of qualities or relations, considered apart from the substance to which they belong, and treated as entities; more generally, condition, or state of being; manner or form of arrangement or manifestation; form, as opposed to matter.

Modes I call such complex ideas, which, however compounded, contain not in them the supposition of subsisting by themselves, but are considered as dependencies on, or affections of, substances. Locke.

5. (Logic) The form in which the proposition connects the predicate and subject, whether by simple, contingent, or necessary assertion; the form of the syllogism, as determined by the quantity and quality of the constituent proposition; mood.

6. (Gram.) Same as Mood.

7. (Mus.) The scale as affected by the various positions in it of the minor intervals; as, the Dorian mode, the Ionic mode, etc., of ancient Greek music. &hand; In modern music, only the major and the minor mode, of whatever key, are recognized.

8. A kind of silk. See Alamode, n. Syn. -- Method; manner. See Method.

Model

Mod"el (?), n. [F. mod\'8ale, It. modello, fr. (assumed) L. modellus, fr. modulus a small measure, dim. of modus. See Mode, and cf. Module.]

1. A miniature representation of a thing, with the several parts in due proportion; sometimes, a facsimile of the same size.

In charts, in maps, and eke in models made. Gascoigne.
I had my father's signet in my purse, Which was the model of that Danish seal. Shak.
You have the models of several ancient temples, though the temples and the gods are perished. Addison.

2. Something intended to serve, or that may serve, as a pattern of something to be made; a material representation or embodiment of an ideal; sometimes, a drawing; a plan; as, the clay model of a sculpture; the inventor's model of a machine.

[The application for a patent] must be accompanied by a full description of the invention, with drawings and a model where the case admits of it. Am. Cyc.
When we mean to build We first survey the plot, then draw the model. Shak.

3. Anything which serves, or may serve, as an example for imitation; as, a government formed on the model of the American constitution; a model of eloquence, virtue, or behavior.

4. That by which a thing is to be measured; standard.

He that despairs measures Providence by his own little, contracted model. South.

5. Any copy, or resemblance, more or less exact.

Thou seest thy wretched brother die, Who was the model of thy father's life. Shak.

6. A person who poses as a pattern to an artist.

A professional model. H. James.
Working model, a model of a machine which can do on a small scale the work which the machine itself does, or expected to do.

Model

Mod"el (?), a. Suitable to be taken as a model or pattern; as, a model house; a model husband.

Model

Mod"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Modeled (?) or Modelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Modeling or Modelling.] [Cf. F. modeler, It. modellare.] To plan or form after a pattern; to form in model; to form a model or pattern for; to shape; to mold; to fashion; as, to model a house or a government; to model an edifice according to the plan delineated.

Model

Mod"el, v. i. (Fine Arts) To make a copy or a pattern; to design or imitate forms; as, to model in wax.

Modeler

Mod"el*er (?), n. One who models; hence, a worker in plastic art. [Written also modeller.]

Modeling

Mod"el*ing, n. (Fine Arts) The act or art of making a model from which a work of art is to be executed; the formation of a work of art from some plastic material. Also, in painting, drawing, etc., the expression or indication of solid form. [Written also modelling.] Modeling plane, a small plane for planing rounded objects. -- Modeling wax, beeswax melted with a little Venice turpentine, or other resinous material, and tinted with coloring matter, usually red, -- used in modeling.

Modelize

Mod"el*ize (?), v. t. To model. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Modena

Mod"e*na (?), n. [From Modena, in Italy.] A certain crimsonlike color. Good.

Modenese

Mod`e*nese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Modena or its inhabitants. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or inhabitant of Modena; the people of Modena.

Moder

Mo"der (?), n. [OE. See Mother female parent.]

1. A mother. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. The principal piece of an astrolabe, into which the others are fixed. [Obs.]

Moder

Mod"er (?), v. t. To moderate. [Obs.]

Moderable

Mod"er*a*ble (?), a. [L. moderabilis.] Modeate; temperate. [Obs.]

Moderance

Mod"er*ance (?), n. Moderation. [Obs.] Caxton.

Moderate

Mod"er*ate (?), a. [L. moderatus, p.p. of moderate, moderati, to moderate, regulate, control, fr. modus measure. See Mode.] Kept within due bounds; observing reasonable limits; not excessive, extreme, violent, or rigorous; limited; restrained; as: (a) Limited in quantity; sparing; temperate; frugal; as, moderate in eating or drinking; a moderate table. (b) Limited in degree of activity, energy, or excitement; reasonable; calm; slow; as, moderate language; moderate endeavors. (c) Not extreme in opinion, in partisanship, and the like; as, a moderate Calvinist.
A number of moderate members managed ... to obtain a majority in a thin house. Swift.
(d) Not violent or rigorous; temperate; mild; gentle; as, a moderate winter. "Moderate showers." Walter. (e) Limited as to degree of progress; as, to travel at moderate speed. (f) Limited as to the degree in which a quality, principle, or faculty appears; as, an infusion of moderate strength; a man of moderate abilities. (g) Limited in scope or effects; as, a reformation of a moderate kind. Hooker.

Moderate

Mod"er*ate, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a party in the Church of Scotland in the 18th century, and part of the 19th, professing moderation in matters of church government, in discipline, and in doctrine.

Moderate

Mod"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Moderated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Moderating.]

1. To restrain from excess of any kind; to reduce from a state of violence, intensity, or excess; to keep within bounds; to make temperate; to lessen; to allay; to repress; to temper; to qualify; as, to moderate rage, action, desires, etc.; to moderate heat or wind.

By its astringent quality, it moderates the relaxing quality of warm water. Arbuthnot.
To moderate stiff minds disposed to strive. Spenser.

2. To preside over, direct, or regulate, as a public meeting; as, to moderate a synod.

Moderate

Mod"er*ate, v. i.

1. To become less violent, severe, rigorous, or intense; as, the wind has moderated.

2. To preside as a moderator.

Dr. Barlow [was] engaged ... to moderate for him in the divinity disputation. Bp. Barlow's Remains (1693).

Moderately

Mod"er*ate*ly (?), adv. In a moderate manner or degree; to a moderate extent.
Each nymph but moderately fair. Waller.

Moderateness

Mod"er*ate*ness, n. The quality or state of being moderate; temperateness; moderation.

Moderation

Mod`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. moderatio: cf. F. mod\'82ration.]

1. The act of moderating, or of imposing due restraint.

2. The state or quality of being mmoderate.

In moderation placing all my glory, While Tories call me Whig, and Whigs a Tory. Pope.

3. Calmness of mind; equanimity; as, to bear adversity with moderation.

The calm and judicious moderation of Orange. Motley.

4. pl. The first public examinations for degrees at the University of Oxford; -- usually contracted to mods.


Page 935

Moderatism

Mod"er*a*tism (?), n. Moderation in doctrines or opinion, especially in politics or religion.

Moderato

Mod`e*ra"to (?), a. & adv. [It. See Moderate.] (Mus.) With a moderate degree of quickness; moderately. Allegro moderato, a little slower than allegro. -- Andante moderato, a little faster than andante.

Moderator

Mod"er*a`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. mod\'82rateur.]

1. One who, or that which, moderates, restrains, or pacifies. Sir W. Raleigh.

Angling was ... a moderator of passions. Walton.

2. The officer who presides over an assembly to preserve order, propose questions, regulate the proceedings, and declare the votes.

3. In the University of Oxford, an examiner for moderations; at Cambridge, the superintendant of examinations for degrees; at Dublin, either the first (senior) or second (junior) in rank in an examination for the degree of Bachelor of Arts.

4. A mechamical arrangement for regulating motion in a machine, or producing equality of effect.

Moderatorship

Mod"er*a`tor*ship, n. The office of a moderator.

Moderatress

Mod"er*a`tress (?), n. A female moderator. Fuller.

Moderatrix

Mod"er*a`trix (?), n. [L.] A female moderator.

Modern

Mod"ern (?), a. [F. moderne, L. modernus; akin to modo just now, orig. abl. of modus measure; hence, by measure, just now. See Mode.]

1. Of or pertaining to the present time, or time not long past; late; not ancient or remote in past time; of recent period; as, modern days, ages, or time; modern authors; modern fashions; modern taste; modern practice. Bacon.

2. New and common; trite; commonplace. [Obs.]

We have our philosophical persons, to make modern and familiar, things supernatural and causeless. Shak.
Modern English. See the Note under English.

Modern

Mod"ern, n. A person of modern times; -- opposed to ancient. Pope.

Modernism

Mod"ern*ism (?), n. Modern practice; a thing of recent date; esp., a modern usage or mode of expression.

Modernist

Mod"ern*ist, n. [Cf. F. moderniste.] One who admires the moderns, or their ways and fashions.

Modernity

Mo*der"ni*ty (?), n. Modernness; something modern. Walpole.

Modernization

Mod`ern*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of rendering modern in style; the act or process of causing to conform to modern of thinking or acting.

Modernize

Mod"ern*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Modernized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Modernizing (?).] [Cf. F. moderniser.] To render modern; to adapt to modern person or things; to cause to conform to recent or present usage or taste. Percy.

Modernizer

Mod"ern*i`zer (?), n. One who modernizes.

Modernly

Mod"ern*ly, adv. In modern times. Milton.

Modernness

Mod"ern*ness, n. The quality or state of being modern; recentness; novelty. M. Arnold.

Modest

Mod"est (?), a. [F. modeste, L. modestus, fr. modus measure. See Mode.]

1. Restraining within due limits of propriety; not forward, bold, boastful, or presumptious; rather retiring than pushing one's self forward; not obstructive; as, a modest youth; a modest man.

2. Observing the proprieties of the sex; not unwomanly in act or bearing; free from undue familiarity, indecency, or lewdness; decent in speech and demeanor; -- said of a woman.

Mrs. Ford, the honest woman, the modest wife. Shak.
The blushing beauties of a modest maid. Dryden.

3. Evincing modestly in the actor, author, or speaker; not showing presumption; not excessive or extreme; moderate; as, a modest request; modest joy. Syn. -- Reserved; unobtrusive; diffident; bashful; coy; shy; decent; becoming; chaste; virtuous.

Modestly

Mod"est*ly, adv. In a modest manner.

Modesty

Mod"es*ty (?), n. [L. modestia: cf. F. modestie. See Modest.]

1. The quality or state of being modest; that lowly temper which accompanies a moderate estimate of one's own worth and importance; absence of self-assertion, arrogance, and presumption; humility respecting one's own merit.

2. Natural delicacy or shame regarding personal charms and the sexual relation; purity of thought and manners; due regard for propriety in speech or action.

Her blush is guiltiness, not modesty. Shak.
Modesty piece, a narrow piece of lace worn by women over the bosom. [Obs.] Addison. Syn. -- Bashfulness; humility; diffidence; shyness. See Bashfulness, and Humility.

Modicity

Mo*dic"i*ty (?), n. [LL. modicitas; cf. F. modicit\'82.] Moderateness; smallness; meanness. [Obs.]

Modicum

Mod"i*cum (?), n. [L., fr. modicus moderate, fr. modus. See Mode.] A little; a small quantity; a measured simply. "Modicums of wit." Shak.
Her usual modicum of beer and punch. Thackeray.

Modifiability

Mod`i*fi`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. Capability of being modified; state or quality of being modifiable.

Modifiable

Mod"i*fi`a*ble (?), a. [From Modify.] Capable of being modified; liable to modification.

Modificable

Mo*dif"i*ca*ble (?), a. Modifiable. [Obs.]

Modificate

Mod"i*fi*cate (?), v. t. [See Modify.] To qualify. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.

Modification

Mod`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. modificatio a measuring: cf. F. modification. See Modify.] The act of modifying, or the state of being modified; a modified form or condition; state as modified; a change; as, the modification of an opinion, or of a machine; the various modifications of light. Bentley.

Modificative

Mod"i*fi*ca*tive (?), n. That which modifies or qualifies, as a word or clause.

Modificatory

Mod"i*fi*ca`to*ry (?), a. Tending or serving to modify; modifying. Max M\'81ller.

Modifier

Mod"i*fi`er (?), n. One who, or that which, modifies. Hume.

Modify

Mod"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Modified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Modifying (?).] [F. modifier, L. modificare, modificari; modus limit + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Mode, and -fy.]

1. To change somewhat the form or qualities of; to alter somewhat; as, to modify a contrivance adapted to some mechanical purpose; to modify the terms of a contract.

2. To limit or reduce in extent or degree; to moderate; to qualify; to lower.

Of his grace He modifies his first severe decree. Dryden.

Modillion

Mo*dil"lion (?), n. [F. modillon, It. modiglione. Cf. Module, n.] (Arch.) The enriched block or horizontal bracket generally found under the cornice of the Corinthian and Composite entablature, and sometimes, less ornamented, in the Ionic and other orders; -- so called because of its arrangement at regulated distances.

Modiolar

Mo*di"o*lar (?), a. [L. modiolus, dim. of modius the Roman corn measure.] Shaped like a bushel measure.

Modiolus

Mo*di"o*lus (?), n.; pl. Modioli (#). [L., a small measure.] (Anat.) The central column in the osseous cochlea of the ear.

Modish

Mod"ish (?), a. According to the mode, or customary manner; conformed to the fashion; fashionable; hence, conventional; as, a modish dress; a modish feast. Dryden. "Modish forms of address." Barrow. -- Mod"ish*ly, adv. -- Mod"ish*ness, n.

Modist

Mod"ist (?), n. One who follows the fashion.

Modiste

Mo`diste" (?), n. [F. See Mode, and cf. Modist.] A female maker of, or dealer in, articles of fashion, especially of the fashionable dress of ladies; a woman who gives direction to the style or mode of dress.

Modius

Mo"di*us (?), n.; pl. Modii (#). [L.] (Rom. Antiq.) A dry measure, containing about a peck.

Modocs

Mo"docs (?), n. pl.; sing. Modoc (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of warlike Indians formerly inhabiting Northern California. They are nearly extinct.

Modular

Mod"u*lar (?), a. Of or pertaining to mode, modulation, module, or modius; as, modular arrangement; modular accent; modular measure.

Modulate

Mod"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Modulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Modulating (?).] [L. modulatus, p.p. of modulari to measure, to modulate, fr. modulus a small measure, meter, melody, dim. of modus. See Mode.]

1. To form, as sound, to a certain key, or to a certain portion.

2. To vary or inflect in a natural, customary, or musical manner; as, the organs of speech modulate the voice in reading or speaking.

Could any person so modulate her voice as to deceive so many? Broome.

Modulate

Mod"u*late, v. i. (Mus.) To pass from one key into another.

Modulation

Mod`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. modulatio: cf. F. modulation.]

1. The act of modulating, or the state of being modulated; as, the modulation of the voice.

2. Sound modulated; melody. [R.] Thomson.

3. (Mus.) A change of key, whether transient, or until the music becomes established in the new key; a shifting of the tonality of a piece, so that the harmonies all center upon a new keynote or tonic; the art of transition out of the original key into one nearly related, and so on, it may be, by successive changes, into a key quite remote. There are also sudden and unprepared modulations.

Modulator

Mod"u*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, modulates. Denham.

Module

Mod"ule (?), n. [F., fr. L. modulus a small measure, dim. of modus. See Mode, and cf. Model, Modulus, Mold a matrix.]

1. A model or measure.

2. (Arch.) The size of some one part, as the diameter of semi-diameter of the base of a shaft, taken as a unit of measure by which the proportions of the other parts of the composition are regulated. Generally, for columns, the semi-diameter is taken, and divided into a certain number of parts, called minutes (see Minute), though often the diameter is taken, and any dimension is said to be so many modules and minutes in height, breadth, or projection.

Module

Mod"ule, v. t. [See module, n., Modulate.] To model; also, to modulate. [Obs.] Sandys. Drayton.

Modulus

Mod"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Moduli (#). [L., a small measure. See Module, n.] (Math., Mech., & Physics) A quantity or coefficient, or constant, which expresses the measure of some specified force, property, or quality, as of elasticity, strength, efficiency, etc.; a parameter. Modulus of a machine, a formula expressing the work which a given machine can perform under the conditions involved in its construction; the relation between the work done upon a machine by the moving power, and that yielded at the working points, either constantly, if its motion be uniform, or in the interval of time which it occupies in passing from any given velocity to the same velocity again, if its motion be variable; -- called also the efficiency of the machine. Mosley. Rankine. -- Modulus of a system of logarithms (Math.), a number by which all the Napierian logarithms must be multiplied to obtain the logarithms in another system. -- Modulus of elasticity. (a) The measure of the elastic force of any substance, expressed by the ratio of a stress on a given unit of the substance to the accompanying distortion, or strain. (b) An expression of the force (usually in terms of the height in feet or weight in pounds of a column of the same body) which would be necessary to elongate a prismatic body of a transverse section equal to a given unit, as a square inch or foot, to double, or to compress it to half, its original length, were that degree of elongation or compression possible, or within the limits of elasticity; -- called also Young's modulus. -- Modulus of rupture, the measure of the force necessary to break a given substance across, as a beam, expressed by eighteen times the load which is required to break a bar of one inch square, supported flatwise at two points one foot apart, and loaded in the middle between the points of support. Rankine.

Modus

Mo"dus (?), n.; pl. Modi (#). [L. See Mode.] (Old Law)

1. The arrangement of, or mode of expressing, the terms of a contract or conveyance.

2. (Law) A qualification involving the idea of variation or departure from some general rule or form, in the way of either restriction or enlargement, according to the circumstances of the case, as in the will of a donor, an agreement between parties, and the like. Bracton.

3. (Law) A fixed compensation or equivalent given instead of payment of tithes in kind, expressed in full by the phrase modus decimandi. Blackstone.

They, from time immemorial, had paid a modus, or composition. Landor.
Modus operandi ( [L.], manner of operating.

Mody

Mod"y (?), a. [From Mode.] Fashionable. [R.]

Moe

Moe (?), n. A wry face or mouth; a mow. [Obs.]

Moe

Moe, v. i. To make faces; to mow. [Obs.]

Moe

Moe, a., adv., & n. [AS. m\'be See More.] More. See Mo. [Obs.] "Sing no more ditties, sing no moe." Shak.

Moebles

Moe"bles (?), n. pl. [OE., fr. OF. moeble, mueble, movable, from L. mobilis.] Movables; furniture; -- also used in the singular (moeble). [Obs.] <-- here we mark both the singular word and the written font --> Chaucer.

Moelline

Mo"el*line (?), n. [F. moelle, fr. L. medulla marrow.] An unguent for the hair.

Moellon

Mo"el*lon (?), n. [F.] Rubble masonry.

M\'d2sogothic

M\'d2`so*goth"ic (?), a. Belonging to the M\'d2sogoths, a branch of the Goths who settled in M\'d2sia.

M\'d2sogothic

M\'d2`so*goth"ic, n. The language of the M\'d2sogoths; -- also called Gothic.

Moeve

Moeve (?), v. t. & i. To move. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Moff

Moff (?), n. A thin silk stuff made in Caucasia.

Moggan

Mog"gan (?), n. A closely fitting knit sleeve; also, a legging of knitted material. [Scot.]

Mogul

Mo*gul" (?), n. [From the Mongolian.]

1. A person of the Mongolian race.

2. (Railroad) A heavy locomotive for freight traffic, having three pairs of connected driving wheels and a two-wheeled truck. Great, ∨ Grand, Mogul, the sovereign of the empire founded in Hindostan by the Mongols under Baber in the sixteenth century. Hence, a very important personage; a lord; -- sometimes only mogul.<-- or Moghul. --> Dryden.

Moha

Mo"ha (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of millet (Setaria Italica); German millet.

Mohair

Mo"hair` (?), n. [F. moire, perh. from Ar. mukhayyar a kind of coarse camelot or haircloth; but prob. fr. L. marmoreus of marble, resembling marble. Cf. Moire, Marble.] The long silky hair or wool of the Angora goat of Asia Minor; also, a fabric made from this material, or an imitation of such fabric.

Mohammedan

Mo*ham"med*an (?), a. [From Mohammed, fr. Ar. muh\'a0mmad praiseworthy, highly praised.] Of or pertaining to Mohammed, or the religion and institutions founded by Mohammed. [Written also Mahometan, Mahomedan, Muhammadan, etc.]

Mohammedan

Mo*ham"med*an, n. A follower of Mohammed, the founder of Islamism; one who professes Mohammedanism or Islamism.

Mohammedanism, Mohammedism

Mo*ham"med*an*ism, Mo*ham"med*ism (?), n. The religion, or doctrines and precepts, of Mohammed, contained in the Koran; Islamism.

Mohammedanize, Mohammedize

Mo*ham"med*an*ize, Mo*ham"med*ize (?), v. t. To make conformable to the principles, or customs and rites, of Mohammedanism. [Written also Mahometanize.]

Mohawk

Mo"hawk (?), n.

1. (Ethnol.) One of a tribe of Indians who formed part of the Five Nations. They formerly inhabited the valley of the Mohawk River.

2. One of certain ruffians who infested the streets of London in the time of Addison, and took the name from the Mohawk Indians. [Slang] Spectator. Macaulay.

Mohicans

Mo*hi"cans (?), n. pl.; sing. Mohican (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Lenni-Lenape Indians who formerly inhabited Western Connecticut and Eastern New York. [Written also Mohegans.]

Moho

Mo"ho (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A gallinule (Notornis Mantelli) formerly inhabiting New Zealand, but now supposed to be extinct. It was incapable of flight. See Notornis.

Mohock

Mo"hock (?), n. See Mohawk.

Moholi

Mo*ho"li (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Maholi.

Mohr

Mohr (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A West African gazelle (Gazella mohr), having horns on which are eleven or twelve very prominent rings. It is one of the species which produce bezoar. [Written also mhorr.]

Mohur

Mo"hur (?), n. [Hind., fr. Per. muhur, muhr, a gold coin, a seal, seal ring.] A British Indian gold coin, of the value of fifteen silver rupees, or $7.21. Malcom.

Mohurrum, Muharram

Mo*hur"rum (?), Mu*har"ram (?), n. [Ar. muharram, prop., sacred, forbidden, n., the first month of the Mohammedan lunar year.]

1. The first month of the Mohammedan year. Whitworth.

2. A festival of the Shiah sect of the Mohammedans held during the first ten days of the month Mohurrum.

Moider

Moi"der (?), v. i. To toil. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Moidore

Moi"dore (?), n. [Pg. moeda d'ouro, lit., coin of gold. Cf. Money, and Aureate.] A gold coin of Portugal, valued at about 27s. sterling.
Page 936

Moiety

Moi"e*ty (?), n.; pl. Moieties (#). [F. moiti\'82, L. medietas, fr. medius middle, half. See Mid, a., and cf. Mediate, Mediety.]

1. One of two equal parts; a half; as, a moiety of an estate, of goods, or of profits; the moiety of a jury, or of a nation. Shak.

The more beautiful moiety of his majesty's subject. Addison.

2. An indefinite part; a small part. Shak.

Moil

Moil (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Moiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Moiling.] [OE. moillen to wet, OF. moillier, muillier, F. mouller, fr. (assumed) LL. molliare, fr. L. mollis soft. See Mollify.] To daub; to make dirty; to soil; to defile.
Thou ... doest thy mind in dirty pleasures moil. Spenser.

Moil

Moil, v. i. [From Moil to daub; prob. from the idea of struggling through the wet.] To soil one's self with severe labor; to work with painful effort; to labor; to toil; to drudge.
Moil not too much under ground. Bacon.
Now he must moil and drudge for one he loathes. Dryden.

Moil

Moil, n. A spot; a defilement.
The moil of death upon them. Mrs. Browning.

Moile

Moile (?), n. [F. mule a slipper.] A kind of high shoe anciently worn. [Written also moyle.]

Moineau

Moi"neau (?), n. [F.] (Fort.) A small flat bastion, raised in the middle of an overlong curtain.

Moira

Moi"ra (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Greek Myth.) The deity who assigns to every man his lot.

Moire

Moire (?), n. [F. Cf. Mohair.]

1. Originally, a fine textile fabric made of the hair of an Asiatic goat; afterwards, any textile fabric to which a watered appearance is given in the process of calendering.

2. A watered, clouded, or frosted appearance produced upon either textile fabrics or metallic surfaces. Moire antique, a superior kind of thick moire.

Moir\'82 m\'82tallique

Moi`r\'82" m\'82`tal`lique" (?). [F.] A crystalline or frosted appearance produced by some acids on tin plate; also, the tin plate thus treated.

Moist

Moist (?), a. [OE. moiste, OF. moiste, F. moite, fr. L. muccidus, for mucidus, moldy, musty. Cf. Mucus, Mucid.]

1. Moderately wet; damp; humid; not dry; as, a moist atmosphere or air. "Moist eyes." Shak.

2. Fresh, or new. [Obs.] "Shoes full moist and new." "A draught of moist and corny ale." Chaucer.

Moist

Moist, v. t. To moisten. [Obs.] Shak.

Moisten

Mois"ten (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Moistened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Moistening.]

1. To make damp; to wet in a small degree.

A pipe a little moistened on the inside. Bacon.

2. To soften by making moist; to make tender.

It moistened not his executioner's heart with any pity. Fuller.

Moistener

Mois"ten*er (?), n. One who, or that which, moistens. Johnson.

Moistful

Moist"ful (?), a. Full of moisture. [R.]

Moistless

Moist"less, a. Without moisture; dry. [R.]

Moistness

Moist"ness, n. The quality or state of being moist.

Moisture

Mois"ture (?), n. [Cf. OF. moistour, F. moiteur.]

1. A moderate degree of wetness. Bacon.

2. That which moistens or makes damp or wet; exuding fluid; liquid in small quantity.

All my body's moisture Scarce serves to quench my furnace-burning heat. Shak.

Moistureless

Mois"ture*less, a. Without moisture.

Moisty

Moist"y (?), a. Moist. [Obs.]

Moither

Moi"ther (?), v. t. [Etymol. uncertain.] To perplex; to confuse. [Prov. Eng.] Lamb.

Moither

Moi"ther, v. i. To toil; to labor. [Prov. Eng.]

Mokadour

Mok"a*dour (?), n. [Sp. mocador handkerchief.] A handkerchief. [Obs.]

Moke

Moke (?), n. A donkey. [Cant] Thackeray.

Moke

Moke (?), n. A mesh of a net, or of anything resembling a net. Halliwell.

Moky

Mo"ky (?), a. [Cf. Icel. m\'94kkvi cloud, mist, m\'94kkr a dense cloud, W. mwg smoke, and E. muggy, muck.] Misty; dark; murky; muggy. [Obs.]

Mola

Mo"la (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Sunfish, 1.

Molar

Mo"lar (?), a. [L. moles mass.] (Mech.) Of or pertaining to a mass of matter; -- said of the properties or motions of masses, as distinguished from those of molecules or atoms. Carpenter.

Molar

Mo"lar, a. [L. molaris, fr. mola mill, fr. molere to grind in a mill. See Mill the machine.] Having power to grind; grinding; as, the molar teeth; also, of or pertaining to the molar teeth. Bacon.

Molar

Mo"lar, n. (Anat.) Any one of the teeth back of the incisors and canines. The molar which replace the deciduous or milk teeth are designated as premolars, and those which are not preceded by deciduous teeth are sometimes called true molars. See Tooth.

Molary

Mo"la*ry (?), a. Same as 2d Molar.

Molasse

Mo*lasse" (?), n. [F. molasse, prob. fr. mollasse flabby, flimsy, fr. L. mollis soft.] (Geol.) A soft Tertiary sandstone; -- applied to a rock occurring in Switzerland. See Chart of Geology.

Molasses

Mo*las"ses (?), n. [F. m\'82lasse, cf. Sp. melaza, Pg. mela\'87o, fr. L. mellaceus honeylike, honey-sweet, mel, mellis, honey. See Mellifluous, and cf. Melasses.] The thick, brown or dark colored, viscid, uncrystallizable sirup which drains from sugar, in the process of manufacture; any thick, viscid, sweet sirup made from vegetable juice or sap, as of the sorghum or maple. See Treacle.

Mold

Mold (?), n. [See Mo a spot.] A spot; a blemish; a mole. [Obs.] Spenser.

Mold, Mould

Mold, Mould (?), n. [OE. molde, AS. molde; akin to D. mul, G. mull, mulm, OHG. molt, molta, Icel. mold, Dan. muld, Sw. mull, Goth. mulda, and E. meal flour. See Meal, and cf. Mole an animal, Mull, v.] [The prevalent spelling is, perhaps, mould; but as the u has not been inserted in the other words of this class, as bold, gold, old, cold, etc., it seems desirable to complete the analogy by dropping it from this word, thus spelling it as Spenser, South, and many others did. The omission of the u is now very common in America.]

1. Crumbling, soft, friable earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil.

2. Earthy material; the matter of which anything is formed; composing substance; material.

The etherial mold, Incapable of stain. Milton.
Nature formed me of her softest mold. Addison.
<-- 3. a fungus -->

Mold, Mould

Mold, Mould (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Molded or Moulded; p. pr. & vb. n. Molding or Moulding.] To cover with mold or soil. [R.]

Mold, Mould

Mold, Mould, n. [From the p.p. of OE. moulen to become moldy, to rot, prob. fr. Icel. mygla to grow musty, mugga mugginess; cf. Sw. m\'94gla to grow moldy. See Muggy, and cf. Moldy.] (Bot.) A growth of minute fungi of various kinds, esp. those of the great groups Hyphomycetes, and Physomycetes, forming on damp or decaying organic matter. &hand; The common blue mold of cheese, the brick-red cheese mold, and the scarlet or orange strata which grow on tubers or roots stored up for use, when commencing to decay, are familiar examples. M. J. Berkley.

Mold, Mould

Mold, Mould, v. t. To cause to become moldy; to cause mold to grow upon.

Mold, Mould

Mold, Mould, v. i. To become moldy; to be covered or filled, in whole or in part, with a mold.

Mold, Mould

Mold, Mould, n. [OE. molde, OF. mole, F. moule, fr. L. modulus. See Model.] [For spelling, see 2d Mold, above.]

1. The matrix, or cavity, in which anything is shaped, and from which it takes its form; also, the body or mass containing the cavity; as, a sand mold; a jelly mold. Milton.

2. That on which, or in accordance with which, anything is modeled or formed; anything which serves to regulate the size, form, etc., as the pattern or templet used by a shipbuilder, carpenter, or mason.

The glass of fashion and the mold of form. Shak.

3. Cast; form; shape; character.

Crowned with an architrave of antique mold. Pope.

4. (Arch.) A group of moldings; as, the arch mold of a porch or doorway; the pier mold of a Gothic pier, meaning the whole profile, section, or combination of parts.

5. (Anat.) A fontanel.

6. (Paper Making) A frame with a wire cloth bottom, on which the pump is drained to form a sheet, in making paper by hand.

Mold, Mould

Mold, Mould, v. t. [Cf. F. mouler, OF. moler, moller. See Mold the matrix.]

1. To form into a particular shape; to shape; to model; to fashion.

He forgeth and moldeth metals. Sir M. Hale.
Did I request thee, Maker, from my clay To mold me man? Milton.

2. To ornament by molding or carving the material of; as, a molded window jamb.

3. To knead; as, to mold dough or bread.

4. (Founding) To form a mold of, as in sand, in which a casting may be made.

Moldable, Mouldable

Mold"a*ble, Mould"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being molded or formed.

Moldboard, Mouldboard

Mold"board`, Mould"board` (?), n.

1. A curved plate of iron (originally of wood) back of the share of a plow, which turns over the earth in plowing.

2. (Founding) A follow board.

Molder, Moulder

Mold"er, Mould"er (?), n. One who, or that which, molds or forms into shape; specifically (Founding), one skilled in the art of making molds for castings.

Molder, Moulder

Mold"er, Mould"er, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Moldered (?) or Mouldered; p. pr. & vb. n. Moldering or Mouldering.] [From Mold fine soft earth: cf. Prov. G. multern.] To crumble into small particles; to turn to dust by natural decay; to lose form, or waste away, by a gradual separation of the component particles, without the presence of water; to crumble away.
The moldering of earth in frosts and sun. Bacon.
When statues molder, and when arches fall. Prior.
If he had sat still, the enemy's army would have moldered to nothing. Clarendon.

Molder, Moulder

Mold"er, Mould"er, v. t. To turn to dust; to cause to crumble; to cause to waste away.
[Time's] gradual touch Has moldered into beauty many a tower. Mason.

Moldery, Mouldery

Mold"er*y, Mould"er*y (?), a. Covered or filled with mold; consisting of, or resembling, mold.

Moldiness, Mouldiness

Mold"i*ness, Mould"i*ness (?), n. [From Moldy.] The state of being moldy.

Molding, Moulding

Mold"ing, Mould"ing, n.

1. The act or process of shaping in or on a mold, or of making molds; the art or occupation of a molder.

2. Anything cast in a mold, or which appears to be so, as grooved or ornamental bars of wood or metal.

3. (Arch.) A plane, or curved, narrow surface, either sunk or projecting, used for decoration by means of the lights and shades upon its surface. Moldings vary greatly in pattern, and are generally used in groups, the different members of each group projecting or retreating, one beyond another. See Cable, n., 3, and Crenelated molding, under Crenelate, v. t.

Molding, Moulding

Mold"ing, Mould"ing, p.a. Used in making a mold or moldings; used in shaping anything according to a pattern. Molding, ∨ Moulding, board. (a) See Follow board, under Follow, v. t. (b) A board on which bread or pastry is kneaded and shaped. -- Molding, ∨ Moulding, machine. (a) (Woodworking) A planing machine for making moldings. (b) (Founding) A machine to assist in making molds for castings. -- Molding, ∨ Moulding, mill, a mill for shaping timber. -- Molding, ∨ Moulding, sand (Founding), a kind of sand containing clay, used in making molds.

Moldwarp, Mouldwarp

Mold"warp, Mould"warp (?), n. [OE. moldwerp: AS. molde soil + weorpan to throw up; cf. OD. molworp, G. maulwurf, Icel. moldvarpa, Dan. muldvarp. See Mold soil, Warp, and cf. Mole the animal.] (Zo\'94l.) See Mole the animal. Spenser.

Moldy, Mouldy

Mold"y, Mould"y (?), a. [Compar. Moldier (?) or Mouldier; superl. Moldiest or Mouldiest.] [From Mold the growth of fungi.] Overgrown with, or containing, mold; as, moldy cheese or bread.

Mole

Mole (?), n. [AS. m\'bel; akin to OHG. meil, Goth. mail Cf. Mail a spot.]

1. A spot; a stain; a mark which discolors or disfigures. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

2. A spot, mark, or small permanent protuberance on the human body; esp., a spot which is dark-colored, from which commonly issue one or more hairs.

Mole

Mole, n. [L. mola.] A mass of fleshy or other more or less solid matter generated in the uterus.

Mole

Mole, n. [F. m\'93le, L. moles. Cf. Demolish, Emolument, Molest.] A mound or massive work formed of masonry or large stones, etc., laid in the sea, often extended either in a right line or an arc of a circle before a port which it serves to defend from the violence of the waves, thus protecting ships in a harbor; also, sometimes, the harbor itself. Brande & C.

Mole

Mole, n. [OE. molle, either shortened fr. moldwerp, or from the root of E. mold soil: cf. D. mol, OD. molworp. See Moldwarp.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any insectivore of the family Talpid\'91. They have minute eyes and ears, soft fur, and very large and strong fore feet. &hand; The common European mole, or moldwarp (Talpa Europ\'91a), is noted for its extensive burrows. The common American mole, or shrew mole (Scalops aquaticus), and star-nosed mole (Condylura cristata) have similar habits. &hand; In the Scriptures, the name is applied to two unindentified animals, perhaps the chameleon and mole rat.

2. A plow of peculiar construction, for forming underground drains. [U.S.] <-- 3. (fig.) a spy who lives for years an apparently normal life (to establish a cover) before beginning his spying activities. --> Duck mole. See under Duck. -- Golden mole. See Chrysochlore. -- Mole cricket (Zo\'94l.), an orthopterous insect of the genus Gryllotalpa, which excavates subterranean galleries, and throws up mounds of earth resembling those of the mole. It is said to do damage by injuring the roots of plants. The common European species (Gryllotalpa vulgaris), and the American (G. borealis), are the best known. -- Mole rat (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World rodents of the genera Spalax, Georychus, and several allied genera. They are molelike in appearance and habits, and their eyes are small or rudimentary. -- Mole shrew (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of short-tailed American shrews of the genus Blarina, esp. B. brevicauda. -- Water mole, the duck mole.

Mole

Mole, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Moled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Moling.]

1. To form holes in, as a mole; to burrow; to excavate; as, to mole the earth.

2. To clear of molehills. [Prov. Eng.] Pegge.

Molebut

Mole"but (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The sunfish (Orthagoriscus, or Mola). [Written also molebat.]

Molecast

Mole"cast` (?), n. A little elevation of earth made by a mole; a molehill. Mortimer.

Molech

Mo"lech (?), n. [Heb. molek king.] (Script.) The fire god of the Ammonites, to whom human sacrifices were offered; Moloch. Lev. xviii. 21.

Molecular

Mo*lec"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. mol\'82culare. See Molecule.] (Phys. & Chem.) Pertaining to, connected with, produced by, or consisting of, molecules; as, molecular forces; molecular groups of atoms, etc. Molecular attraction (Phys.), attraction acting between the molecules of bodies, and at insensible distances. -- Molecular weight (Chem.), the weight of a molecule of any gas or vapor as compared with the hydrogen atom as a standard; the sum of the atomic weights of the constituents of a molecule; thus, the molecular weight of water (H2O) is 18. <-- now, compared with carbon-12 as standard -->

Molecularity

Mo*lec`u*lar"i*ty (?), n. (Phys. & Chem.) The state of consisting of molecules; the state or quality of being molecular.

Molecularly

Mo*lec"u*lar*ly (?), adv. (Phys. & Chem.) With molecules; in the manner of molecules. W. R. Grove.

Molecule

Mol"e*cule (?), n. [Dim. fr. L. moles a mass: cf. F. mol\'82cule. See 3d Mole.]

1. One of the very small invisible particles of which all matter is supposed to consist.

2. (Physics) The smallest part of any substance which possesses the characteristic properties and qualities of that substance, and which can exist alone in a free state.

3. (Chem.) A group of atoms so united and combined by chemical affinity that they form a complete, integrated whole, being the smallest portion of any particular compound that can exist in a free state; as, a molecule of water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one of oxygen. Cf. Atom.

Mole-eyed

Mole"-eyed` (?), a. Having eyes like those of the mole; having imperfect sight.

Molehill

Mole"hill` (?), n. A little hillock of earth thrown up by moles working under ground; hence, a very small hill, or an insignificant obstacle or difficulty.
Having leapt over such mountains, lie down before a molehill. South.

Page 937

Molendinaceous, Molendinarious

Mo*len`di*na"ceous (?), Mo*len`di*na"ri*ous (?), a. [L. molendinarius, fr. molendinum a mill, fr. molere to grind.] (Bot.) Resembling the sails of a windmill.

Moleskin

Mole"skin` (?), n. Any fabric having a thick soft shag, like the fur of a mole; esp., a kind of strong twilled fustian.

Molest

Mo*lest" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Molested; p. pr. & vb. n. Molesting.] [F. molester, L. molestare, fr. molestus troublesome, fr. moles a heavy mass, load, burden. See 3d Mole.] To trouble; to disturb; to render uneasy; to interfere with; to vex.
They have molested the church with needless opposition. Hooker.
Syn. -- To trouble; disturb; incommode; inconvenience; annoy; vex; tease.

Molest

Mo*lest", n. Molestation. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Molestation

Mol`es*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. molestation.] The act of molesting, or the state of being molested; disturbance; annoyance.

Molester

Mo*lest"er (?), n. One who molests.

Molestful

Mo*lest"ful (?), a. Troublesome; vexatious. [R.]

Molestie, Molesty

Mo*les"tie, Mo*les"ty (?), n. [L. molestia.] Molestation. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Molewarp

Mole"warp` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Moldwarp.

Moliminous

Mo*lim"i*nous (?), a. [L. molimen a great exertion; moles a heavy mass.] Of great bulk or consequence; very important. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Moline

Mo"line (?), n. [L. molina mill, fr. molere to grind. See Mill.] The crossed iron that supports the upper millstone by resting on the spindle; a millrind. Cross moline (Her.), a cross each arm of which is divided at the end into two rounded branches or divisions.

Molinism

Mo"lin*ism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The doctrines of the Molinists, somewhat resembling the tenets of the Arminians.

Molinist

Mo"lin*ist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of the opinions of Molina, a Spanish Jesuit (in respect to grace); an opposer of the Jansenists.

Moll

Moll (?), a. [G., fr. L. mollis soft, tender, elegiac. Cf. Molle.] (Mus.) Minor; in the minor mode; as, A moll, that is, A minor.

Mollah

Mol"lah (?), n. [Ar. maul\'be, commonly moll\'bein Turkey.] One of the higher order of Turkish judges; also, a Turkish title of respect for a religious and learned man. [Written also moolah.]

Molle

Mol"le (?), a. [See Moll.] (Mus.) Lower by a semitone; flat; as, E molle, that is, E flat.

Mollebart

Mol"le*bart (?), n. An agricultural implement used in Flanders, consisting of a kind of large shovel drawn by a horse and guided by a man. [Written also molleb\'91rt and mouldeb\'91rt.] Simmonds.

Mollemoke

Mol"le*moke` (?), n. [Sw. mallemucke the stormy petrel.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large pelagic petrels and fulmars, as Fulmarus glacialis, of the North Atlantic, and several species of \'92strelata, of the Southern Ocean. See Fulmar. [Written also mollymawk, malmock, mollemock, mallemocke, etc.]

Mollient

Mol"lient (?), a. [L. molliens, p.p. of mollire to soften, fr. mollis soft.] Serving to soften; assuaging; emollient.

Molliently

Mol"lient*ly, adv. Assuagingly.

Mollifiable

Mol"li*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable of being mollified.

Mollification

Mol`li*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [LL. mollificatio; cf. F. mollification.] The act of mollifying, or the state of being mollified; a softening. Chaucer.

Mollifier

Mol"li*fi`er (?), n. One who, or that which, mollifies. Bacon.

Mollify

Mol"li*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mollified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mollifying (?).] [F. mollifier, L. mollificare; mollis soft + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Enmollient, Moil, v. t., and -fy.]

1. To soften; to make tender; to reduce the hardness, harshness, or asperity of; to qualify; as, to mollify the ground.

With sweet science mollified their stubborn hearts. Spenser.

2. To assuage, as pain or irritation, to appease, as excited feeling or passion; to pacify; to calm.

Mollinet

Mol"li*net (?), n. [Cf. Moline.] A little mill.

Mollipilose

Mol`li*pi*lose" (?), a. [L. mollis soft + pilosus hairy.] (Zo\'94l.) Having soft hairs; downy.

Mollities

Mol*li"ti*es (?), n. [L., softness.] (Med.) Unnatural softness of any organ or part. Dunglison.

Mollitude

Mol"li*tude (?), n. [L. mollitudo, fr. mollis soft.] Softness; effeminacy; weakness. [R.]

Mollusc

Mol"lusc (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Mollusk.

Mollusca

Mol*lus"ca (?), n. pl. [NL. See Mollusk.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom, including the classes Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, PteropodaScaphopoda, and Lamellibranchiata, or Conchifera. These animals have an unsegmented bilateral body, with most of the organs and parts paired, but not repeated longitudinally. Most of them develop a mantle, which incloses either a branchial or a pulmonary cavity. They are generally more or less covered and protected by a calcareous shell, which may be univalve, bivalve, or multivalve. &hand; Formerly the Brachiopoda, Bryzoa, and Tunicata were united with the Lamellibranchiata in an artificial group called Acephala, which was also included under Mollusca. See Molluscoudea.

Molluscan

Mol*lus"can (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to mollusks. -- n. A mollusk; one of the Mollusca.

Molluscoid

Mol*lus"coid (?), a. [Mollusca + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling the true mollusks; belonging to the Molluscoidea. -- n. One of the Molluscoidea.

Molluscoidal

Mol`lus*coid"al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Molluscoid.

Molluscoidea

Mol`lus*coi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Mollusk, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Invertebrata which includes the classes Brachiopoda and Bryozoa; -- called also Anthoid Mollusca. &hand; Originally the Tunicata were included under Molluscoidea, from which they are known to differ widely in structure and embryology. Molluscoidea were formerly considered a subdivision of Mollusca, but they are now known to have more relationship with Annelida than with Mollusca.

Molluscous

Mol*lus"cous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Molluscan.

Molluscum

Mol*lus"cum (?), n. [NL. See Mollusk.] (Med.) A cutaneous disease characterized by numerous tumors, of various forms, filled with a thick matter; -- so called from the resemblance of the tumors to some molluscous animals. Dunglison.

Mollusk

Mol"lusk (?), n. [F. mollusque, L. mollusca a kind of soft nut with a thin shell, fr. molluscus soft, mollis soft. See Mollify.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Mollusca. [Written also mollusc.]

Molly

Mol"ly (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Mollemoke.

Molly

Mol"ly, n. A pet or colloquial name for Mary. Molly cottontail. (Zo\'94l.) See Cottontail. -- Molly Maguire (m&adot;*gw&imac;r"); pl. Molly Maguires (-gw&imac;rz). (a) A member of a secret association formed among the tenantry in Ireland about 1843, principally for the purpose of intimidating law officers and preventing the service of legal writs. Its members disguised themselves in the dress of women. (b) A member of a similar association of Irishmen organized in the anthracite coal region of Pennsylvania, about 1854, for the purpose of intimidating employers and officers of the law, and for avenging themselves by murder on persons obnoxious to them. The society was broken up by criminal prosecutions in 1876.

Molly-mawk

Mol"ly-mawk` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Mollemoke.

Moloch

Mo"loch (?), n. [Heb. molek king.]

1. (Script.) The fire god of the Ammonites in Canaan, to whom human sacrifices were offered; Molech. Also applied figuratively.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A spiny Australian lizard (Moloch horridus). The horns on the head and numerous spines on the body give it a most formidable appearance. <-- illustr. of Moloch. -->

Molosse

Mo*losse" (?), n. See Molossus.

Molosses

Mo*los"ses (?), n. Molasses. [Obs.]

Molossine

Mo*los"sine (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A bat of the genus Molossus, as the monk bat.

Molossus

Mo*los"sus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. & Lat. Pros.) A foot of three long syllables. [Written also molosse.]

Molt

Molt (?), obs.imp. of Melt. Chaucer. Spenser.

Molt, Moult

Molt, Moult (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Molted or Moulted; p. pr. & vb. n. Molting or Moulting.] [OE. mouten, L. mutare. See Mew to molt, and cf. Mute, v. t.] [The prevalent spelling is, perhaps, moult; but as the u has not been inserted in the otherwords of this class, as, bolt, colt, dolt, etc., it is desirable to complete the analogy by the spelling molt.] To shed or cast the hair, feathers, skin, horns, or the like, as an animal or a bird. Bacon.

Molt, Moult

Molt, Moult, v. t. To cast, as the hair, skin, feathers, or the like; to shed.

Molt, Moult

Molt, Moult, n. The act or process of changing the feathers, hair, skin, etc.; molting.

Moltable

Molt"a*ble (?), a. Capable of assuming a molten state; meltable; fusible. [Obs.]

Molten

Mol"ten (?), a. [See Melt.]

1. Melted; being in a state of fusion, esp. when the liquid state is produced by a high degree of heat; as, molten iron.

2. Made by melting and casting the substance or metal of which the thing is formed; as, a molten image.

Molto

Mol"to (?), adv. [It.] (Mus.) Much; very; as, molto adagio, very slow.

Moly

Mo"ly (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. A fabulous herb of occult power, having a black root and white blossoms, said by Homer to have been given by Hermes to Ulysses to counteract the spells of Circe. Milton.

2. (Bot.) A kind of garlic (Allium Moly) with large yellow flowers; -- called also golden garlic.

Molybdate

Mo*lyb"date (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of molybdic acid.

Molybdena

Mol`yb*de"na (?), n. [L. molybdaena galena, Gr. (Min.) See Molybdenite.

Molybdenite

Mo*lyb"de*nite (?), n. [Cf. F. molybd\'82nite. See Molybdena.] (Min.) A mineral occurring in soft, lead-gray, foliated masses or scales, resembling graphite; sulphide of molybdenum.

Molybdenous

Mo*lyb"de*nous (?), a. (Chem.) See Molybdous.

Molybdenum

Mol`yb*de"num (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. molybd\'8ane. See Molybdena.] (Chem.) A rare element of the chromium group, occurring in nature in the minerals molybdenite and wulfenite, and when reduced obtained as a hard, silver-white, difficulty fusible metal. Symbol Mo. Atomic weight 95.9.

Molybdic

Mo*lyb"dic (?), a. [Cf. F. molybdique. See molybdena.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, molybdenum; specif., designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence, as contrasted with molybdous compounds; as, molybdic oxide.

Molybdite

Mo*lyb"dite (?), n. (Min.) Molybdic ocher.

Molybdous

Mo*lyb"dous (?), a. [See Molybdena.] Of, pertaining to, or containing, molybdenum; specif., designating those compounds in which molybdenum has a lower valence as contrasted with molybdic compounds.

Mome

Mome (?), n. [Cf. Mumm, Momus.] A dull, silent person; a blockhead. [Obs.] Spenser.

Moment

Mo"ment (?), n. [F. moment, L. momentum, for movimentum movement, motion, moment, fr. movere to move. See Move, and cf. Momentum, Movement.]

1. A minute portion of time; a point of time; an instant; as, at thet very moment.

In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye. 1 Cor. xv. 52.

2. Impulsive power; force; momentum.

The moments or quantities of motion in bodies. Berkley.
Touch, with lightest moment of impulse, His free will. Milton.

3. Importance, as in influence or effect; consequence; weight or value; consideration.

Matters of great moment. Shak.
It is an abstruse speculation, but also of far less moment and consequence of us than the others. Bentley.

4. An essential element; a deciding point, fact, or consideration; an essential or influential circumstance.

5. (Math.) An infinitesimal change in a varying quantity; an increment or decrement. [Obs.]

6. (Mech.) Tendency, or measure of tendency, to produce motion, esp. motion about a fixed point or axis. Moment of a couple (Mech.), the product of either of its forces into the perpendicular distance between them. -- Moment of a force. (Mech.) (a) With respect to a point, the product of the intensity of the force into the perpendicular distance from the point to the line of direction of the force. (b) With respect to a line, the product of that component of the force which is perpendicular to the plane passing through the line and the point of application of the force, into the shortest distance between the line and this point. (c) With respect to a plane that is parallel to the force, the product of the force into the perpendicular distance of its point of application from the plane. -- Moment of inertia, of a rotating body, the sum of the mass of each particle of matter of the body into the square of its distance from the axis of rotation; -- called also moment of rotation and moment of the mass. -- Statical moment, the product of a force into its leverage; the same as moment of a force with respect to a point, line, etc. -- Virtual moment. See under Virtual. Syn. -- Instant; twinkling; consequence; weight; force; value; consideration; signification; avail.

Momental

Mo*men"tal (?), a. [Cf. OF. momental.] [Obs.]

1. Lasting but a moment; brief.

Not one momental minute doth she swerve. Breton.

2. Important; momentous.

3. (Mech.) Of or pertaining to moment or momentum.

Momentally

Mo*men"tal*ly, adv. For a moment. [Obs.]

Momentaneous, Momentany

Mo`men*ta"ne*ous (?), Mo"men*ta*ny (?), a. [L. momentaneus: cf. F. momentan\'82.] Momentary. [Obs.] Hooker. "Momentany as a sound." Shak.

Momentarily

Mo"men*ta*ri*ly (?), adv. Every moment; from moment to moment.<-- in a moment (=very soon) --> Shenstone.

Momentariness

Mo"men*ta*ri*ness, n. The state or quality of being momentary; shortness of duration.

Momentary

Mo"men*ta*ry (?), a. [L. momentarius. See Moment.] Done in a moment; continuing only a moment; lasting a very short time; as, a momentary pang.
This momentary joy breeds months of pain. Shak.

Momently

Mo"ment*ly (?), adv.

1. For a moment.

2. In a moment; every moment; momentarily.

Momentous

Mo*men"tous (?), a. [Cf. L. momentosus rapid, momentary.] Of moment or consequence; very important; weighty; as, a momentous decision; momentous affairs. -- Mo*men"tous*ly, adv. -- Mo*men"tous*ness, n.

Momentum

Mo*men"tum (?), n.; pl. L. Momenta (#), F. Momentums (#). [L. See Moment.]

1. (Mech.) The quantity of motion in a moving body, being always proportioned to the quantity of matter multiplied into the velocity; impetus.

2. Essential element, or constituent element.

I shall state the several momenta of the distinction in separate propositions. Sir W. Hamilton.
<-- Fig. a property of an activity, analogous to forward motion or to physical momentum (def. 1), which is believed to be able to continue moving forward without further application of force or effort; as, the petition drive gained momentum when it was mentioned in the newspapers -->

Momier

Mom"i*er (?), n. [F. m\'93mier, fr. OF. momer, mommer, to mumm, to mask one's self.] A name given in contempt to strict Calvinists in Switzerland, France, and some parts of Germany, in the early part of the 19th century.

Mommery

Mom"mer*y (?), n. See Mummery. Rowe.

Momot

Mo"mot (?), n. [Momot and motmot, the native American name.] (Zo\'94l.) See Motmot.

Momus

Mo"mus (?), n. [Gr. (Gr. Myth.) The god of mockery and censure.

Mon-

Mon- (?). Same as Mono-.

Mona

Mo"na (?), n. [CF. Sp. & Pg. mona, fem. of mono a monkey, ape.] (Zo\'94l.) A small, handsome, long-tailed West American monkey (Cercopithecus mona). The body is dark olive, with a spot of white on the haunches.

Monachal

Mon"a*chal (?), a. [L. monachus a monk: cf. F. monacal. See Monk.] Of or pertaining to monks or a monastic life; monastic.

Monachism

Mon"a*chism (?), n. [Cf. F. monachisme.] The system and influences of a monastic life; monasticism.

Monacid

Mon*ac"id (?), a. [Mon- + acid.] (Chem.) Having one hydrogen atom replaceable by a negative or acid atom or radical; capable of neutralizing a monobasic acid; -- said of bases, and of certain metals.

Monad

Mon"ad (?), n. [L. monas, -adis, a unit, Gr.

1. An ultimate atom, or simple, unextended point; something ultimate and indivisible.

2. (Philos. of Leibnitz) The elementary and indestructible units which were conceived of as endowed with the power to produce all the changes they undergo, and thus determine all physical and spiritual phenomena.

3. (Zo\'94l.) One of the smallest flangellate Infusoria; esp., the species of the genus Monas, and allied genera.

4. (Biol.) A simple, minute organism; a primary cell, germ, or plastid.

5. (Chem.) An atom or radical whose valence is one, or which can combine with, be replaced by, or exchanged for, one atom of hydrogen. Monad deme (Biol.), in tectology, a unit of the first order of individuality.


Page 938

Monadaria

Mon`a*da"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Monad.] (Zo\'94l.) The Infusoria.

Monadelphia

Mon`a*del"phi*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants having the stamens united into a tube, or ring, by the filaments, as in the Mallow family.

Monadelphian, Monadelphous

Mon`a*del"phi*an (?), Mon`a*del"phous (?), a. [Cf. F. monadelphie.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the Monadelphia; having the stamens united in one body by the filaments.

Monadic, Monadical

Mo*nad"ic (?), Mo*nad"ic*al (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or like, a monad, in any of its senses. See Monad, n. Dr. H. More.

Monadiform

Mo*nad"i*form (?), a. [Monad + -form.] (Biol.) Having the form of a monad; resembling a monad in having one or more filaments of vibratile protoplasm; as, monadiform young.

Monadology

Mon`ad*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Monad + -logy.] (Philos.) The doctrine or theory of monads.

Monal

Mo*nal" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any Asiatic pheasant of the genus Lophophorus, as the Impeyan pheasant.

Monamide

Mon*am"ide (?), n. [Mon- + amide.] (Chem.) An amido compound with only one amido group.

Monamine

Mon*am"ine (?), n. [Mon- + amine.] (Chem.) A basic compound containing one amido group; as, methyl amine is a monamine.<-- now, monoamine -->

Monander

Mo*nan"der (?), n. (Bot.) One of the Monandria.

Monandria

Mo*nan"dri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants embracing those having but a single stamen.

Monandrian

Mo*nan"dri*an (?), a.; (Bot.) Same as Monandrous.

Monandric

Mo*nan"dric (?), a. Of or pertaining to monandry; practicing monandry as a system of marriage.

Monandrous

Mo*nan"drous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the monandria; having but one stamen.

Monandry

Mo*nan"dry (?), n. [See Monandria.] The possession by a woman of only one husband at the same time; -- contrasted with polyandry.

Monanthous

Mo*nan"thous (?), a. [Mon- + Gr. (Bot.) Having but one flower; one-flowered. Gray.

Monarch

Mon"arch (?), n. [F. monarque, L. monarcha, fr. Gr. Archi-.]

1. A sole or supreme ruler; a sovereign; the highest ruler; an emperor, king, queen, prince, or chief.

He who reigns Monarch in heaven, ... upheld by old repute. Milton.

2. One superior to all others of the same kind; as, an oak is called the monarch of the forest.

3. A patron deity or presiding genius.

Come, thou, monarch of the vine, Plumpy Bacchus. Shak.

4. (Zo\'94l.) A very large red and black butterfly (Danais Plexippus); -- called also milkweed butterfly.

Monarch

Mon"arch, a. Superior to others; pre\'89minent; supreme; ruling. "Monarch savage." Pope.

Monarchal

Mo*nar"chal (?), a. Pertaining to a monarch; suiting a monarch; sovoreign; regal; imperial.
Satan, whom now transcendent glory raised Above his fellows, with monarchal pride. Milton.

Monarchess

Mon"arch*ess, n. A female monarch. [Obs.]

Monarchial

Mo*nar"chi*al (?), a. Monarchic. Burke.

Monarchian

Mo*nar"chi*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect in the early Christian church which rejected the doctrine of the Trinity; -- called also patripassian.

Monarchic, Monarchical

Mo*nar"chic (?), Mo*nar"chic*al (?), a. [F. monarchique, Gr. Of or pertaining to a monarch, or to monarchy. Burke. -- Mo*nar"chic*al*ly, adv.

Monarchism

Mon"arch*ism (?), n. The principles of, or preference for, monarchy.

Monarchist

Mon"arch*ist, n. [Cf. F. monarchiste.] An advocate of, or believer in, monarchy.

Monarchize

Mon"arch*ize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Monarchized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Monarchizing (?).] To play the sovereign; to act the monarch. [R.] Shak.

Monarchize

Mon"arch*ize, v. t. To rule; to govern. [R.]

Monarchizer

Mon"arch*i`zer (?), n. One who monarchizes; also, a monarchist.

Monarcho

Mo*nar"cho (?), n. The nickname of a crackbrained Italian who fancied himself an emperor. [Obs.] Shak.

Monarchy

Mon"arch*y (?), n.; pl. Monarchies (#). [F. monarchie, L. monarchia, Gr. Monarch.]

1. A state or government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a monarch.

2. A system of government in which the chief ruler is a monarch.

In those days he had affected zeal for monarchy. Macaulay.

3. The territory ruled over by a monarch; a kingdom.

What scourage for perjury Can this dark monarchy afford false Clarence. Shak.
Fifth monarchy, a universal monarchy, supposed to be the subject of prophecy in Daniel ii.; the four preceding monarchies being Assyrian, Persian, Grecian, and Roman. See Fifth Monarchy men, under Fifth.

Monas

Mo"nas (?), n. [NL. See Monad.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of minute flagellate Infusoria of which there are many species, both free and attached. See Illust. under Monad.

Monasterial

Mon`as*te"ri*al (?), a. [L. monasterials, fr. monasterium.] Of or pertaining to monastery, or to monastic life. -- Mon`as*te"ri*al*ly, adv.

Monastery

Mon"as*te*ry (?), n.; pl. Monasteries (#). [L. monasterium, Gr. Minister.] A house of religious retirement, or of secusion from ordinary temporal concerns, especially for monks; -- more rarely applied to such a house for females. Syn. -- Convent; abbey; priory. See Cloister.

Monastic

Mo*nas"tic (?), n. A monk.

Monastic, Monastical

Mo*nas"tic (?), Mo*nas"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. monastique. See Monastery.]

1. Of or pertaining to monasteries, or to their occupants, rules, etc., as, monastic institutions or rules.

2. Secluded from temporal concerns and devoted to religion; recluse. "A life monastic." Denham.

Monastically

Mo*nas"tic*al*ly, adv. In a monastic manner.

Monasticism

Mo*nas"ti*cism (?), n. The monastic life, system, or condition. Milman.

Monasticon

Mo*nas"ti*con (?), n. [NL. See Monastic.] A book giving an account of monasteries.

Monatomic

Mon`a*tom"ic (?), adv. [Mon- + atomic.] (Chem.) (a) Consisting of, or containing, one atom; as, the molecule of mercury is monatomic. (b) Having the equivalence or replacing power of an atom of hydrogen; univalent; as, the methyl radical is monatomic.

Monaxial

Mo*nax"i*al (?), a. [Mon- + axial.] (Biol.) Having only one axis; developing along a single line or plane; as, monaxial development.

Monatize

Mon"a*tize (?), n. [From Gr. (Min.) A mineral occurring usually in small isolated crystals, -- phosphate of the cerium metals.

Monday

Mon"day (?), n. [OE. moneday, monenday, AS. m\'d3nand\'91g, i.e., day of the moon, day sacred to the moon; akin to D. maandag, G. montag, OHG. m\'benatag, Icel. m\'benadagr, Dan. mandag, Sw. m\'86ndag. See Moon, and Day.] The second day of the week; the day following Sunday.

Monde

Monde (?), n. [F. See Mundane.] The world; a globe as an ensign of royalty. [R.] A. Drummond. Le beau monde [F.], fashionable society. See Beau monde. -- Demi monde. See Demimonde.

Mone

Mone (?), n. The moon. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mone

Mone, n. A moan. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Monecian, Monecious

Mo*ne"cian (?), Mo*ne"cious (?), a. (Bot.) See Mon\'d2cian, and Mon\'d2cious.

Monembryony

Mon*em"bry*o*ny (?), n. [See Mono-, and Embryo.] (Bot.) The condition of an ovule having but a single embryo. -- Mon*em`bry*on"ic (#), a.

Moner

Mo"ner (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Monera.

Monera

Mo*ne"ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The lowest division of rhizopods, including those which resemble the am\'d2bas, but are destitute of a nucleus.

Moneral

Mo*ne"ral (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Monera.

Moneran

Mo*ne"ran (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Monera. -- n. One of the Monera.

Moneron

Mo*ne"ron (?), n.; pl. L. Monera (#); E. Monerons (#). [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Monera.

Monerula

Mo*ner"u*la (?), n. [NL., dim. of moner. See Monera.] (Biol.) A germ in that stage of development in which its form is simply that of a non-nucleated mass of protoplasm. It precedes the one-celled germ. So called from its likeness to a moner. Haeckel.

Monesia

Mo*ne"sia (?), n. (Pharm.) The bark, or a vegetable extract brought in solid cakes from South America and believed to be derived from the bark, of the tree Chrysophyllum glycyphl\'d2um. It is used as an alterative and astringent.

Monesin

Mo*ne"sin (?), n. The acrid principle of Monesia, sometimes used as a medicine.

Monest

Mo*nest" (?), v. t. [See Admonish.] To warn; to admonish; to advise. [Obs.] Wyclif (2 Cor. v. 20).

Monetary

Mon"e*ta*ry (?), a. [L. monetarius belonging to a mint. See Money.] Of or pertaining to money, or consisting of money; pecuniary. "The monetary relations of Europe." E. Everett. Monetary unit, the standard of a national currency, as the dollar in the United States, the pound in England, the franc in France, the mark in Germany.

Moneth

Mon"eth (?), n. A month. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Monetization

Mon`e*ti*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of converting into money, or of adopting as money; as, the monetization of silver.

Monetize

Mon"e*tize (?), v. t. To convert into money; to adopt as current money; as, to monetize silver.

Money

Mon"ey (?), n.; pl. Moneys (#). [OE. moneie, OF. moneie, F. monnaie, fr. L. moneta. See Mint place where coin is made, Mind, and cf. Moidore, Monetary.]

1. A piece of metal, as gold, silver, copper, etc., coined, or stamped, and issued by the sovereign authority as a medium of exchange in financial transactions between citizens and with government; also, any number of such pieces; coin.

To prevent such abuses, ... it has been found necessary ... to affix a public stamp upon certain quantities of such particular metals, as were in those countries commonly made use of to purchase goods. Hence the origin of coined money, and of those public offices called mints. A. Smith.

2. Any written or stamped promise, certificate, or order, as a government note, a bank note, a certificate of deposit, etc., which is payable in standard coined money and is lawfully current in lieu of it; in a comprehensive sense, any currency usually and lawfully employed in buying and selling. &hand; Whatever, among barbarous nations, is used as a medium of effecting exchanges of property, and in the terms of which values are reckoned, as sheep, wampum, copper rings, quills of salt or of gold dust, shovel blades, etc., is, in common language, called their money.

3. In general, wealth; property; as, he has much money in land, or in stocks; to make, or lose, money.

The love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. 1 Tim vi. 10 (Rev. Ver. ).
<-- 4. anything which serves as money, such as a checking account, a credit account, or a letter of credit. --> Money bill (Legislation), a bill for raising revenue. -- Money broker, a broker who deals in different kinds of money; one who buys and sells bills of exchange; -- called also money changer. -- Money cowrie (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Cypr\'91a (esp. C. moneta) formerly much used as money by savage tribes. See Cowrie. -- Money of account, a denomination of value used in keeping accounts, for which there may, or may not, be an equivalent coin; e.g., the mill is a money of account in the United States, but not a coin. -- Money order, an order for the payment of money; specifically, a government order for the payment of money, issued at one post office as payable at another; -- called also postal money order<-- (b) a similar order issued by a bank -->. -- Money scrivener, a person who produces the loan of money to others. [Eng.] -- Money spider, Money spinner (Zo\'94l.), a small spider; -- so called as being popularly supposed to indicate that the person upon whom it crawls will be fortunate in money matters. -- Money's worth, a fair or full equivalent for the money which is paid. -- A piece of money, a single coin. -- Ready money, money held ready for payment, or actually paid, at the time of a transaction; cash. -- To make money, to gain or acquire money or property; to make a profit in dealings. <-- Money supply; plastic money -->

Money

Mon"ey (?), v. t. To supply with money. [Obs.]

Moneyage

Mon"ey*age (?), n. [Cf. F. monnayage coinage.]

1. A tax paid to the first two Norman kings of England to prevent them from debashing the coin. Hume.

2. Mintage; coinage. [Obs.]

Moneyed

Mon"eyed (?), adv.

1. Supplied with money; having money; wealthy; as, moneyey men. Bacon.

2. Converted into money; coined.

If exportation will not balance importation, away must your silver go again, whether moneyed or not moneyed. Locke.

3. Consisting in, or composed of, money. A. Hamilton.

Moneyer

Mon"ey*er (?), n. [From Money; cf. OF. monoier, F. monnoayeur, L. monetarius a master of the mint. Cf. Monetary.]

1. A person who deals in money; banker or broker. [Obs. or R.]

2. An authorized coiner of money. Sir M. Hale. The Company of Moneyers, the officials who formerly coined the money of Great Britain, and who claimed certain prescriptive rights and privileges.

Moneyless

Mon"ey*less, a. Destitute of money; penniless; impecunious. Swift.

Money-maker

Mon"ey-mak`er (?), n.

1. One who coins or prints money; also, a counterfeiter of money. [R.]

2. One who accumulates money or wealth; specifically, one who makes money-getting his governing motive.

Money-making

Mon"ey-mak`ing, n. The act or process of making money; the acquisition and accumulation of wealth.
Obstinacy in money-making. Milman.

Money-making

Mon"ey-mak`ing, a.

1. Affording profitable returns; lucrative; as, a money-making business.

2. Sussessful in gaining money, and devoted to that aim; as, a money-making man.

Moneywort

Mon"ey*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A trailing plant (Lysimachia Nummularia), with rounded opposite leaves and solitary yellow flowers in their axils.

Mongcorn

Mong"corn` (?), n. See Mangcorn.

Monger

Mon"ger (?), n. [AS. mangere, fr. mangian to trade; akin to Icel. manga to trade, mangari a trader, OHG. mangari, mengari; cf. L. mango a dealer in slaves.]

1. A trader; a dealer; -- now used chiefly in composition; as, fishmonger, ironmonger, newsmonger.

2. A small merchant vessel. [Obs.] Blount.

Monger

Mon"ger, v. t. To deal in; to make merchandise of; to traffic in; -- used chiefly of discreditable traffic.

Mongol

Mon"gol (?), n. One of the Mongols. -- a. Of or pertaining to Mongolia or the Mongols.

Mongolian

Mon*go"li*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Mongolia or the Mongols. -- n. One of the Mongols.

Mongolic

Mon*gol"ic (?), a. See Mongolian.

Mongoloid

Mon"go*loid (?), a. [Mongol + -oid.] Resembling a Mongol or the Mongols; having race characteristics, such as color, hair, and features, like those of the Mongols. Huxley. <--2. of, related to, or affected with, Down's syndrome[MW10]. also n. -->

Mongols, Mongolians

Mon"gols (?), Mon*go"li*ans (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) One of the great races of man, including the greater part of the inhabitants of China, Japan, and the interior of Asia, with branches in Northern Europe and other parts of the world. By some American Indians are considered a branch of the Mongols. In a more restricted sense, the inhabitants of Mongolia and adjacent countries, including the Burats and the Kalmuks.

Mongoose, Mongoos

Mon"goose, Mon"goos (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of ichneumon (Herpestes griseus), native of India. Applied also to other allied species, as the African banded mongoose (Crossarchus fasciatus). [Written also mungoose, mungoos, mungous.]

Mongrel

Mon"grel (?), n. [Prob. shortened fr. mongrel, and akin to AS. mengan to mix, and E. mingle. See Mingle.] The progeny resulting from a cross between two breeds, as of domestic animals; anything of mixed breed. Drayton.

Mongrel

Mon"grel, a.

1. (Zo\'94l.) Not of a pure breed.

2. Of mixed kinds; as, mongrel language.

Mongrelize

Mon"grel*ize (?), v. t. & i. To cause to be mongrel; to cross breeds, so as to produce mongrels.

'Mongst

'Mongst (?), prep. See Amongst.

Monied

Mon"ied (?), a. See Moneyed.

Monifier

Mo*nif"i*er (?), n. [NL., fr. L. monile necklace + ferre to bear.] (Paleon.) A fossil fish.

Moniliform

Mo*nil"i*form (?), a. [L. monile necklace + -form: cf. F. moniliforme.] (Biol.) Joined or constricted, at regular intervals, so as to resemble a string of beads; as, a moniliform root; a moniliform antenna. See Illust. of Antenna.

Moniment

Mon"i*ment (?), n. [L. monimentum, monumentum. See Monument.] Something to preserve memory; a reminder; a monument; hence, a mark; an image; a superscription; a record. [Obs.] Spenser.

Monish

Mon"ish (?), v. t. [OE. monesten. See Admonish, Monition.] To admonish; to warn. See Admonish. [Archaic] Ascham.

Monisher

Mon"ish*er (?), n. One who monishes; an admonisher. [Archaic]

Monishment

Mon"ish*ment (?), n. Admonition. [Archaic]
Page 939

Monism

Mon"ism (?), n. [From Gr.

1. (Metaph.) That doctrine which refers all phenomena to a single ultimate constituent or agent; -- the opposite of dualism. &hand; The doctrine has been held in three generic forms: matter and its phenomena have been explained as a modification of mind, involving an idealistic monism; or mind has been explained by and resolved into matter, giving a materialistic monism; or, thirdly, matter, mind, and their phenomena have been held to be manifestations or modifications of some one substance, like the substance of Spinoza, or a supposed unknown something of some evolutionists, which is capable of an objective and subjective aspect.

2. (Biol.) See Monogenesis, 1.

Monist

Mon"ist, n. A believer in monism.

Monistic

Mo*nis"tic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or involving, monism.

Monition

Mo*ni"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. monitio, from monere to warn, bring to mind; akin to E. mind. See Mind, and cf. Admonish, Money, Monster.]

1. Instruction or advice given by way of caution; an admonition; a warning; a caution.

Sage monitions from his friends. Swift.

2. Information; indication; notice; advice.

We have no visible monition of ... other periods, such as we have of the day by successive light and darkness. Holder.

3. (Admiralty Practice) A process in the nature of a summons to appear and answer.

4. (Eccl. Law) An order monishing a party complained against to obey under pain of the law. Shipley.

Monitive

Mon"i*tive (?), a. Conveying admonition; admonitory. Barrow.

Monitor

Mon"i*tor (?), n. [L., fr. monere. See Monition, and cf. Mentor.]

1. One who admonishes; one who warns of faults, informs of duty, or gives advice and instruction by way of reproof or caution.

You need not be a monitor to the king. Bacon.

2. Hence, specifically, a pupil selected to look to the school in the absence of the instructor, to notice the absence or faults of the scholars, or to instruct a division or class.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Any large Old World lizard of the genus Varanus; esp., the Egyptian species (V. Niloticus), which is useful because it devours the eggs and young of the crocodile. It is sometimes five or six feet long.

4. [So called from the name given by Captain Ericson, its designer, to the first ship of the kind.] An ironclad war vessel, very low in the water, and having one or more heavily-armored revolving turrets, carrying heavy guns.

5. (Mach.) A tool holder, as for a lathe, shaped like a low turret, and capable of being revolved on a vertical pivot so as to bring successively the several tools in holds into proper position for cutting. Monitor top, the raised central portion, or clearstory, of a car roof, having low windows along its sides.

Monitorial

Mon`i*to"ri*al (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to a monitor or monitors.

2. Done or performed by a monitor; as, monitorial work; conducted or taught by monitors; as, a monitorial school; monitorial instruction.

Monitorially

Mon`i*to"ri*al*ly, adv. In a monitorial manner.

Monitorship

Mon"i*tor*ship (?), n. The post or office of a monitor.

Monitory

Mon"i*to*ry (?), a. [L. monitorius.] Giving admonition; instructing by way of caution; warning.
Losses, miscarriages, and disappointments, are monitory and instructive. L'Estrange.

Monitory

Mon"i*to*ry, n. Admonition; warning; especially, a monition proceeding from an ecclesiastical court, but not addressed to any one person.

Monitress, Monitrix

Mon"i*tress (?), Mon"i*trix (?), n. A female monitor.

Monk

Monk (?), n. [AS. munuc, munec, munc, L. monachus, Gr. Monachism.]

1. A man who retires from the ordinary temporal concerns of the world, and devotes himself to religion; one of a religious community of men inhabiting a monastery, and bound by vows to a life of chastity, obedience, and poverty. "A monk out of his cloister." Chaucer.

Monks in some respects agree with regulars, as in the substantial vows of religion; but in other respects monks and regulars differ; for that regulars, vows excepted, are not tied up to so strict a rule of life as monks are. Ayliffe.

2. (Print.) A blotch or spot of ink on a printed page, caused by the ink not being properly distributed. It is distinguished from a friar, or white spot caused by a deficiency of ink.

3. A piece of tinder made of agaric, used in firing the powder hose or train of a mine.

4. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A South American monkey (Pithecia monachus); also applied to other species, as Cebus xanthocephalus. (b) The European bullfinch. Monk bat (Zo\'94l.), a South American and West Indian bat (Molossus nasutus); -- so called because the males live in communities by themselves. -- Monk bird(Zo\'94l.), the friar bird. -- Monk seal (Zo\'94l.), a species of seal (Monachus albiventer) inhabiting the Black Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, and the adjacent parts of the Atlantic. -- Monk's rhubarb (Bot.), a kind of dock; -- also called patience (Rumex Patientia).

Monkery

Monk"er*y (?), n.; pl. Monkeries (.

1. The life of monks; monastic life; monastic usage or customs; -- now usually applied by way of reproach.

Miters, and wretched dead medi\'91val monkeries. Carlyle.

2. A collective body of monks. [Obs.]

Though he have a whole monkery to sing for him. Latimer.

Monkey

Mon"key (?), n.; pl. Monkeys (#). [Cf. OIt. monicchio, It. monnino, dim. of monna an ape, also dame, mistress, contr. fr. madonna. See Madonna.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) In the most general sense, any one of the Quadrumana, including apes, baboons, and lemurs. (b) Any species of Quadrumana, except the lemurs. (c) Any one of numerous species of Quadrumana (esp. such as have a long tail and prehensile feet) exclusive of apes and baboons. &hand; The monkeys are often divided into three groups: (a) Catarrhines, or Simid\'91. These have an oblong head, with the oblique flat nostrils near together. Some have no tail, as the apes. All these are natives of the Old World. (b) Platyrhines, or Cebid\'91. These have a round head, with a broad nasal septum, so that the nostrils are wide apart and directed downward. The tail is often prehensile, and the thumb is short and not opposable. These are natives of the New World. (c) Strepsorhines, or Lemuroidea. These have a pointed head with curved nostrils. They are natives of Southern Asia, Africa, and Madagascar.

2. A term of disapproval, ridicule, or contempt, as for mischievous child.

This is the monkey's own giving out; she is persuaded I will marry her. Shak.

3. The weight or hammer of a pile driver, that is, a very heavy mass of iron, which, being raised on high, falls on the head of the pile, and drives it into the earth; the falling weight of a drop hammer used in forging.

4. A small trading vessel of the sixteenth century. Monkey boat. (Naut.) (a) A small boat used in docks. (b) A half-decked boat used on the River Thames. -- Monkey block (Naut.), a small single block strapped with a swivel. R. H. Dana, Jr. -- Monkey flower (Bot.), a plant of the genus Mimulus; -- so called from the appearance of its gaping corolla. Gray. -- Monkey gaff (Naut.), a light gaff attached to the topmast for the better display of signals at sea. -- Monkey jacket, a short closely fitting jacket, worn by sailors. -- Monkey rail (Naut.), a second and lighter rail raised about six inches above the quarter rail of a ship. -- Monkey shine, monkey trick. [Slang, U.S.] -- Monkey trick, a mischievous prank. Saintsbury. -- Monkey wheel. See Gin block, under 5th Gin. -- Monkey wrench, a wrench or spanner having a movable jaw.

Monkey

Mon"key, v. t. & i. To act or treat as a monkey does; to ape; to act in a grotesque or meddlesome manner. To monkey with, to handle in a meddlesome manner. [Colloq.]<-- = monkey around with -->

Monkey-bread

Mon"key-bread` (?), n. (Bot.) The fruit of the Adansonia digitata; also, the tree. See Adansonia.

Monkey-cup

Mon"key-cup` (?), n. (Bot.) See Nepenthes.

Monkey-pot

Mon"key-pot` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The fruit of two South American trees (Lecythis Ollaria, and L. Zabucajo), which have for their fruit large, pot-shaped, woody capsules containing delicious nuts, and opening almost explosively by a circular lid at the top. Vases and pots are made of this capsule.

Monkey's puzzle

Mon"key's puz"zle (?). (Bot.) A lofty coniferous Chilian tree (Araucaria imbricata), the branches of which are so crowded and intertwisted "as to puzzle a monkey to climb." The edible nuts are over an inch long, and are called pi\'a4on by the Chilians. <-- also, monkey puzzle -->

Monkeytail

Mon"key*tail` (?), n. (Naut.) A short, round iron bar or lever used in naval gunnery. Totten.

Monkfish

Monk"fish (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The angel fish (Squatina). (b) The angler (Lophius).

Monkflower

Monk"flow`er (?), n. (Bot.) A name of certain curious orchids which bear three kinds of flowers formerly referred to three genera, but now ascertained to be sexually different forms of the same genus (Catasetum tridentatum, etc.).

Monkhood

Monk"hood (?), n. [Monk + -hood.]

1. The character or condition of a monk. Atterbury.

2. Monks, regarded collectively. Longfellow.

Monking

Monk"ing, a. Monkish. [R.] Coleridge.

Monkish

Monk"ish, a. Like a monk, or pertaining to monks; monastic; as, monkish manners; monkish dress; monkish solitude. -- Monk"ish*ness, n.

Monkly

Monk"ly, a. Like, or suitable to, a monk. [R.]

Monkshood

Monks"hood` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Aconitum; aconite. See Aconite.

Monk's seam

Monk's" seam` (?). (Naut.) An extra middle seam made at the junction of two breadths of canvas, ordinarily joined by only two rows of stitches.

Mono-, Mon-

Mon"o- (?), Mon- (?). [Gr. A prefix signifying one, single, alone; as, monocarp, monopoly; (Chem.) indicating that a compound contains one atom, radical, or group of that to the name of which it is united; as, monoxide, monosulphide, monatomic, etc.

Mono

Mo"no (?), n. [Sp.] (Zo\'94l.) The black howler of Central America (Mycetes villosus).

Monobasic

Mon`o*ba"sic (?), a. [Mono- + basic.] (Chem.) Capable of being neutralized by a univalent base or basic radical; having but one acid hydrogen atom to be replaced; -- said of acids; as, acetic, nitric, and hydrochloric acids are monobasic.

Monocarbonic

Mon`o*car*bon"ic (?), a. [Mono- + carbonic.] (Chem.) Containing one carboxyl group; as, acetic acid is a monocarbonic acid.

Monocardian

Mon`o*car"di*an (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having a single heart, as fishes and amphibians. -- n. An animal having a single heart.

Monocarp

Mon"o*carp (?), n. (Bot.) A monocarpic plant.

Monocarpellary

Mon`o*car"pel*la*ry (?), a. [Mono- + carpellary.] (Bot.) Consisting of a single carpel, as the fruit of the pea, cherry, and almond.

Monocarpic, Monocarpous

Mon`o*car"pic (?), Mon`o*car"pous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. monocarpe.] (Bot.) Bearing fruit but once, and dying after fructification, as beans, maize, mustard, etc. &hand; Annual and biennual herbs are monocarpic, so also some plants of longer duration, as the century plant.

Monocephalous

Mon`o*ceph"a*lous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. (Bot.) Having a solitary head; -- said of unbranched composite plants.

Monoceros

Mo*noc"e*ros (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.

1. A one-horned creature; a unicorn; a sea monster with one horn.

Mighty monoceroses with immeasured tails. Spenser.

2. (Astron.) The Unicorn, a constellation situated to the east Orion.

Monochlamydeous

Mon`o*chla*myd"e*ous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. monochlamyd\'82.] (Bot.) Having a single floral envelope, that is, a calyx without a corolla, or, possibly, in rare cases, a corolla without a calyx.

Monochord

Mon"o*chord (?), n. [L. monochordon, Gr. monocorde. See Chord, and cf. Mainchord.] (Mus.) An instrument for experimenting upon the mathematical relations of musical sounds. It consists of a single string stretched between two bridges, one or both of which are movable, and which stand upon a graduated rule for the purpose of readily changing and measuring the length of the part of the string between them.

Monochromatic

Mon`o*chro*mat"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. monochromatique. See Monochrome.] Consisting of one color, or presenting rays of light of one color only. Monochromatic lamp (Opt.),a lamp whose flame yields rays of some one homogenous light. It is of great importance in optical experiments.

Monochrome

Mon"o*chrome (?), n. [Gr. monochrome.] A painting or drawing in a single color; a picture made with a single color.

Monochromic

Mon`o*chro"mic (?), a. Made, or done, with a single color; as, a monochromic picture.<-- = also, monochromatic, monochrome -->

Monochromy

Mon"o*chro`my (?), n. The art of painting or drawing in monochrome.

Monochronic

Mon`o*chron"ic (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. Existing at the same time; contemporaneous.

Monociliated

Mon`o*cil"i*a`ted (?), a. [Mono- + ciliated.] (Biol.) Having but one cilium.

Monocle

Mon"o*cle (?), n. [F. See Monocular.] An eyeglass for one eye. Simmonds.

Monoclinal

Mon`o*cli"nal (?), a. [See Monoclinic.] (Geol.) Having one oblique inclination; -- applied to strata that dip in only one direction from the axis of elevation.

Monocline

Mon"o*cline (?), n. (Geol.) A monoclinal fold.

Monoclinic

Mon`o*clin"ic (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. (Crystallog.) Having one oblique intersection; -- said of that system of crystallization in which the vertical axis is inclined to one, but at right angles to the other, lateral axis. See Crystallization.

Monoclinous

Mo*noc"li*nous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. monocline.] (Bot.) Hermaphrodite, or having both stamens and pistils in every flower.

Monocondyla

Mon`o*con"dy*la (?), n. pl. [NL. See Mono-, and Condyle.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of vertebrates, including the birds and reptiles, or those that have only one occipital condyle; the Sauropsida.

Monocotyl

Mon"o*co*tyl (?), n. (Bot.) Any monocotyledonous plant.

Monocotyle

Mon"o*co*tyle (?), a. [Cf. F. monocotyle.] (Bot.) Monocotyledonous.

Monocotyledon

Mon`o*cot`y*le"don (?), n. [Mono- + cotyledon: cf. F. monocotyl\'82done.] (Bot.) A plant with only one cotyledon, or seed lobe. &hand; The plural, monocotyledons, is used as the name of a large class of plants, and is generally understood to be equivalent to the term endogens.

Monocotyledonous

Mon`o*cot`y*le"don*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. monocotyl\'82don\'82.] (Bot.) Having only one cotyledon, seed lobe, or seminal leaf. Lindley.

Monocracy

Mo*noc"ra*cy (?), n. [Mono- + -cracy, as in democracy.] Government by a single person; undivided rule. Sydney Smith.

Monocrat

Mon"o*crat (?), n. [Cf. Gr. One who governs alone.

Monocrotic

Mon`o*crot"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Of, pertaining to, or showing, monocrotism; as, a monocrotic pulse; a pulse of the monocrotic type.

Monocrotism

Mo*noc"ro*tism (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol.) That condition of the pulse in which the pulse curve or sphygmogram shows but a single crest, the dicrotic elevation entirely disappearing.

Monocular

Mo*noc"u*lar (?), a. [L. monoculus; Gr. oculus eye: cf. F. monoculaire.]

1. Having only one eye; with one eye only; as, monocular vision.

2. Adapted to be used with only one eye at a time; as, a monocular microscope.


Page 940

Monocule

Mon"o*cule (?), n. [See Monocular.] (Zo\'94l.) A small crustacean with one median eye.

Monoculous

Mo*noc"u*lous (?), a. Monocular. Glanvill.

Monocystic

Mon`o*cys"tic (?), a. [See Mono-, and Cyst.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a division (Monocystidea) of Gregarinida, in which the body consists of one sac.

Monodactylous

Mon`o*dac"tyl*ous (?), a. [Gr. monodactyle.] (Zo\'94l.) Having but one finger or claw.

Monodelph, Monodelphian

Mon"o*delph (?), Mon`o*del"phi*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Monodelphia.

Monodelphia

Mon`o*del"phi*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The group that includes all ordinary or placental mammals; the Placentalia. See Mammalia.

Monodelphic, Monodelphous

Mon`o*del"phic (?), Mon`o*del"phous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Monodelphia.

Monodic, Monodical

Mo*nod"ic (?), Mo*nod"ic*al (?), a. [Gr.

1. Belonging to a monody.

2. (Mus.) (a) For one voice; monophonic. (b) Homophonic; -- applied to music in which the melody is confined to one part, instead of being shared by all the parts as in the style called polyphonic.

Monodimetric

Mon`o*di*met"ric (?), a. [Mono- + dimetric.] (Crystallog.) Dimetric.

Monodist

Mon"o*dist (?), n. A writer of a monody.

Monodrama, Monodrame

Mon"o*dra`ma (?), Mon"o*drame (?), n. [Mono- + Gr. A drama acted, or intended to be acted, by a single person.

Monodramatic

Mon`o*dra*mat"ic (?), a. Pertaining to a monodrama.

Monody

Mon"o*dy (?), n.; pl. Monodies (#). [L. monodia, Gr. monodie. See Ode.] A species of poem of a mournful character, in which a single mourner expresses lamentation; a song for one voice.

Monodynamic

Mon`o*dy*nam"ic (?), a. [Mono- + dynamic.] Possessing but one capacity or power. "Monodynamic men." De Quincey.

Monodynamism

Mon`o*dy"na*mism (?), n. The theory that the various forms of activity in nature are manifestations of the same force. G. H. Lewes.

Mon\'d2cia

Mo*n\'d2"ci*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants, whose stamens and pistils are in distinct flowers in the same plant.

Mon\'d2cian

Mo*n\'d2"cian (?), a.

1. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the Mon\'d2cia; mon\'d2cious. -- n. One of the Mon\'d2cia.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A mon\'d2cious animal, as certain mollusks.

Mon\'d2cious

Mo*n\'d2"cious (?), a. (Biol.) Having the sexes united in one individual, as when male and female flowers grow upon the same individual plant; hermaphrodite; -- opposed to di\'d2cious.

Mon\'d2cism

Mo*n\'d2"cism (?), n. (Biol.) The state or condition of being mon\'d2cious.

Monogam

Mon"o*gam (?), n. (Bot.) One of the Monogamia.

Monogamia

Mon`o*ga"mi*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Monogamous.] (Bot.) A Linn\'91an order of plants, having solitary flowers with united anthers, as in the genus Lobelia.

Monogamian, Monogamic

Mon`o*ga"mi*an (?), Mon`o*gam"ic (?), a. [See Monogamous.]

1. Pertaining to, or involving, monogamy.

2. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the Monogamia; having a simple flower with united anthers.

Monogamist

Mo*nog"a*mist (?), n. One who practices or upholds monogamy. Goldsmith.

Monogamous

Mo*nog"a*mous (?), a. [L. monogamus having but one wife, Gr.

1. Upholding, or practicing, monogamy.

2. (Bot.) Same as Monogamian.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Mating with but one of the opposite sex; -- said of birds and mammals.

Monogamy

Mo*nog"a*my (?), n. [L. monogamia, Gr. monogamie.]

1. Single marriage; marriage with but one person, husband or wife, at the same time; -- opposed to polygamy. Also, one marriage only during life; -- opposed to deuterogamy.

2. (Zo\'94l.) State of being paired with a single mate.

Monogastric

Mon`o*gas"tric (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. Having but a single stomach.

Monogenesis

Mon`o*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Mono- + genesis.]

1. Oneness of origin; esp. (Biol.), development of all beings in the universe from a single cell; -- opposed to polygenesis. Called also monism. Dana. Haeckel.

2. (Biol.) That form of reproduction which requires but one parent, as in reproduction by fission or in the formation of buds, etc., which drop off and form new individuals; asexual reproduction. Haeckel.

3. (Biol.) The direct development of an embryo, without metamorphosis, into an organism similar to the parent organism; -- opposed to metagenesis. E. van Beneden.

Monogenetic

Mon`o*ge*net"ic (?), a. [See Monogenesis.]

1. (Geol.) One in genesis; resulting from one process of formation; -- used of a mountain range. Dana.

2. (Biol.) Relating to, or involving, monogenesis; as, the monogenetic school of physiologists, who admit but one cell as the source of all beings.

Monogenic

Mon`o*gen"ic (?), a.

1. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to monogenesis.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Producing only one kind of germs, or young; developing only in one way.

Monogenism

Mo*nog"e*nism (?), n. (Anthropol.) The theory or doctrine that the human races have a common origin, or constitute a single species.

Monogenist

Mo*nog"e*nist (?), n. (Anthropol.) One who maintains that the human races are all of one species; -- opposed to polygenist.

Monogenistic

Mon`o*ge*nis"tic (?), a. Monogenic.

Monogenous

Mo*nog"e*nous (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to monogenesis; as, monogenous, or asexual, reproduction.

Monogeny

Mo*nog"e*ny (?), n.

1. Monogenesis.

2. (Anthropol.) The doctrine that the members of the human race have all a common origin.

Monogoneutic

Mon`o*go*neu"tic (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having but one brood in a season.

Monogram

Mon"o*gram (?), n. [L. monogramma; Gr. monogramme. See Graphic.]

1. A character or cipher composed of two or more letters interwoven or combined so as to represent a name, or a part of it (usually the initials). Monograms are often used on seals, ornamental pins, rings, buttons, and by painters, engravers, etc., to distinguish their works. Monogram. &hand; The monogram above, combining the letters of the name Karolvs, was used by Charlemagne.

2. A picture in lines; a sketch. [R.]

3. An arbitrary sign for a word. [R.] <-- monogram v. to inscribe or ornament with a monogram -->

Monogrammal

Mon"o*gram`mal (?), a. See Monogrammic.

Monogrammatic

Mon`o*gram*mat"ic (?), a. Monogrammic.

Monogrammic

Mon`o*gram"mic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a monogram.

Monogrammous

Mon"o*gram`mous (?), a. Monogrammic.

Monograph

Mon"o*graph (?), n. [Mono- + -graph.] A written account or description of a single thing, or class of things; a special treatise on a particular subject of limited range.

Monographer

Mo*nog"ra*pher (?), n. A writer of a monograph.

Monographic, Monographical

Mon`o*graph"ic (?), Mon`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. monographique.] Of or pertaining to a monograph, or to a monography; as, a monographic writing; a monographic picture. -- Mon`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Monographist

Mo*nog"ra*phist (?), n. One who writes a monograph.

Monographous

Mo*nog"ra*phous (?), a. Monographic. [Obs.]

Monography

Mo*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Mono- + -graphy: cf. F. monographie.]

1. Representation by lines without color; an outline drawing.

2. A monograph. [Obs.]

Monogyn

Mon"o*gyn (?), n. (Bot.) One of the Monogynia.

Monogynia

Mon`o*gyn"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A Linn\'91an order of plants, including those which have only one style or stigma.

Monogynian

Mon`o*gyn"i*an (?), a. (Bot.) Pertaining to the Monogynia; monogynous. -- n. One of the Monogynia.

Monogynous

Mo*nog"y*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. monogyne.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to Monogynia; having only one style or stigma.

Monogyny

Mo*nog"y*ny (?), n. [See Monogynia.]

1. Marriage with the one woman only.

2. (Bot.) The state or condition of being monogynous.

Monohemerous

Mon`o*hem"er*ous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. (Med.) Lasting but one day.

Monoicous

Mo*noi"cous (?), a. (Bot.) Mon\'d2cious.

Monolatry

Mo*nol"a*try (?), n. [Mono- + Gr. Worship of a single deity.

Monolith

Mon"o*lith (?), n. [F. monolithe, L. monolithus consisting of a single stone, Gr. A single stone, especially one of large size, shaped into a pillar, statue, or monument.

Monolithal

Mon"o*lith`al (?), a. Monolithic.

Monolithic

Mon`o*lith"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a monolith; consisting of a single stone.

Monologist

Mo*nol"o*gist (?), n. [See Monologue.] One who soliloquizes; esp., one who monopolizes conversation in company. De Quincey.

Monologue

Mon"o*logue (?), n. [F. monologue, Gr. Legend.]

1. A speech uttered by a person alone; soliloquy; also, talk or discourse in company, in the strain of a soliloquy; as, an account in monologue. Dryden.

2. A dramatic composition for a single performer.

Monology

Mo*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. The habit of soliloquizing, or of monopolizing conversation.
It was not by an insolent usurpation that Coleridge persisted in monology through his whole life. De Quincey.

Monomachia, Monomachy

Mon`o*ma"chi*a (?), Mo*nom"a*chy (?), n. [L. monomachia, Gr. A duel; single combat. "The duello or monomachia." Sir W. Scott.

Monomachist

Mo*nom"a*chist (?), n. One who fights in single combat; a duelist.

Monomane

Mon"o*mane (?), n. A monomaniac. [R.]

Monomania

Mon`o*ma"ni*a (?), n. [Mono- + mania.] Derangement of the mind in regard of a single subject only; also, such a concentration of interest upon one particular subject or train of ideas to show mental derangement. Syn. -- Insanity; madness; alienation; aberration; derangement; mania. See Insanity.

Monomaniac

Mon`oma"ni*ac (?), n. A person affected by monomania.

Monomaniac, Monomaniacal

Mon`oma"ni*ac (?), Mon`oma"ni*a*cal (?), a. [Cf. F. monomaniaque.] Affected with monomania, or partial derangement of intellect; caused by, or resulting from, monomania; as, a monomaniacal delusion.

Monome

Mon"ome (?), n. [F., fr. Gr. -nome as in binome. See Binomial.] (Math.) A monomial. <-- Monomer. (Chem.) The basic conceptual building unit of a polymer. --> <-- Monomeric. (Chem.) Not linked with other units of the same kind, opposed to polymeric -->

Monomerous

Mo*nom"er*ous (?), a. [Gr.

1. (Bot.) Composed of solitary parts, as a flower with one sepal, one petal, one stamen, and one pistil.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Having but one joint; -- said of the foot of certain insects.

Monometallic

Mon`o*me*tal"lic (?), a. Consisting of one metal; of or pertaining to monometallism.

Monometallism

Mon`o*met"al*lism (?), n. [Mono- + metal.] The legalized use of one metal only, as gold, or silver, in the standard currency of a country, or as a standard of money values. See Bimetallism.

Monometallist

Mon`o*met"al*list (?), n. One who believes in monometallism as opposed to bimetallism, etc.

Monometer

Mo*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. A rhythmic series, consisting of a single meter.

Monometric

Mon`o*met"ric (?), a. [Cf. F. monom\'82trique.] (Crystallog.) Same as Isometric.

Monomial

Mo*no"mi*al (?), n. [See Monome, Binomial.] (Alg.) A single algebraic expression; that is, an expression unconnected with any other by the sign of addition, substraction, equality, or inequality.

Monomial

Mo*no"mi*al, a. (Alg.) Consisting of but a single term or expression.

Monomorphic, Monomorphous

Mon`o*mor"phic (?), Mon`o*mor"phous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. (Biol.) Having but a single form; retaining the same form throughout the various stages of development; of the same or of an essentially similar type of structure; -- opposed to dimorphic, trimorphic, and polymorphic.

Monomphalus

Mo*nom"pha*lus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A form of double monster, in which two individuals are united by a common umbilicus.

Monomya, Monomyaria

Mo*no"my*a (?), Mon`o*my*a"ri*a (?), n.pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of lamellibranchs having but one muscle for closing the shell, as the oyster.

Monomyarian, Monomyary

Mon`o*my"a*ri*an (?), Mon`o*my"a*ry (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Monomya. -- n. One of the Monomya.

Mononomial

Mon`o*no"mi*al (?), n. & a. Monomyal.

Monoousian, Monoousious

Mon`o*ou"si*an (?), Mon`o*ou"si*ous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. (Theil.) Having but one and the same nature or essence.

Monopathy

Mo*nop"a*thy (?), n. [Gr. Suffering or sensibility in a single organ or function. -- Mon`o*path"ic, a.

Monopersonal

Mon`o*per"son*al (?), a. [Mono- + personal.] Having but one person, or form of existence.

Monopetalous

Mon`o*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Mono- + petal: cf. F. monop\'82tale.] (Bot.) Having only one petal, or the corolla in one piece, or composed of petals cohering so as to form a tube or bowl; gamopetalous. &hand; The most recent authors restrict this form to flowers having a solitary petal, as in species of Amorpha, and use gamopetalous for a corolla of several petals combined into one piece. See Illust. of Gamopetalous.

Monophanous

Mo*noph"a*nous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. Having one the same appearance; having a mutual resemblance.

Monophonic

Mon`o*phon"ic (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. (Mus.) Single-voiced; having but one part; as, a monophonic composition; -- opposed to polyphonic.

Monophthong

Mon"oph*thong (?), n. [Gr.

1. A single uncompounded vowel sound.

2. A combination of two written vowels pronounced as one; a digraph.

Monophthongal

Mon`oph*thon"gal (?), a. Consisting of, or pertaining to, a monophthong.

Monophyletic

Mon`o*phy*let"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to a single family or stock, or to development from a single common parent form; -- opposed to polyphyletic; as, monophyletic origin.

Monophyllous

Mo*noph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. monophylle.] (Bot.) One-leaved; composed of a single leaf; as, a monophyllous involucre or calyx.

Monophyodont

Mon`o*phy"o*dont (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Having but one set of teeth; -- opposed to diphyodont.

Monophysite

Mo*noph"y*site (?), n. [Gr. monophysite.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect, in the ancient church, who maintained that the human and divine in Jesus Christ constituted but one composite nature. Also used adjectively.

Monophysitical

Mon`o*phy*sit"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to Monophysites, or their doctrines.

Monoplast

Mon"o*plast (?), n. [Mono- + -plast.] (Biol.) A monoplastic element.

Monoplastic

Mon`o*plas"tic (?), a. [Mono- + -plastic.] (Biol.) That has one form, or retains its primary form, as, a monoplastic element.

Monoplegia

Mon`ople"gi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Paralysis affecting a single limb.

Monopneumona

Mon`op*neu"mo*na (?), n. pl. [NL. See Mono-, and Pneumonia.] (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of Dipnoi, including the Ceratodus. [Written also monopneumonia.]

Monopode

Mon"o*pode (?), n.

1. One of a fabulous tribe or race of Ethiopians having but one leg and foot. Sir J. Mandeville. Lowell.

2. (Bot.) A monopodium.

Monopodial

Mon`o*po"di*al (?), a. (Bot.) Having a monopodium or a single and continuous axis, as a birchen twig or a cornstalk.

Monopodium

Mon`o*po"di*um (?), n.; pl. L. Monopodia (#), E. -ums (#). [L. See Monopody.] (Bot.) A single and continuous vegetable axis; -- opposed to sympodium.

Monopody

Mo*nop"o*dy (?), n. [Mono- + Gr. (Pros.) A measure of but a single foot.

Monopoler

Mo*nop"o*ler (?), n. A monopolist. [Obs.]
Page 941

Monopolist

Mo*nop"o*list (?), n. One who monopolizes; one who has a monopoly; one who favors monopoly.

Monopolistic

Mo*nop`o*lis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a monopolist. North Am. Rev.

Monopolite

Mo*nop"o*lite (?), n. A monopolist. Sylvester.

Monopolize

Mo*nop"o*lize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Monopolized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Monopolizing (?).] [From Monopoly.] To acquire a monopoly of; to have or get the exclusive privilege or means of dealing in, or the exclusive possession of; to engross the whole of; as, to monopolize the coffee trade; to monopolize land.

Monopolizer

Mo*nop"o*li`zer (?), n. One who monopolizes.

Monopoly

Mo*nop"o*ly (?), n.; pl. Monopolies (#). [L. monopolium, Gr.

1. The exclusive power, or privilege of selling a commodity; the exclusive power, right, or privilege of dealing in some article, or of trading in some market; sole command of the traffic in anything, however obtained; as, the proprietor of a patented article is given a monopoly of its sale for a limited time; chartered trading companies have sometimes had a monopoly of trade with remote regions; a combination of traders may get a monopoly of a particular product.

Raleigh held a monopoly of cards, Essex a monopoly of sweet wines. Macaulay.

2. Exclusive possession; as, a monopoly of land.

If I had a monopoly out, they would have part on 't. Shak.

3. The commodity or other material thing to which the monopoly relates; as, tobacco is a monopoly in France. [Colloq.]

Monopolylogue

Mon`o*pol"y*logue (?), n. [Mono- + Gr. poly`s many + lo`gos speech.] An exhibition in which an actor sustains many characters.

Monopsychism

Mon`o*psy"chism (?), n. [Mono- + Gr. The doctrine that there is but one immortal soul or intellect with which all men are endowed.

Monopteral

Mo*nop"ter*al (?), a. [Gr. monopt\'8are.] (Arch.) Round and without a cella; consisting of a single ring of columns supporting a roof; -- said esp. of a temple.

Monopteron

Mo*nop"ter*on (?), n.; pl. Monoptera (#). [NL. See Monopteral.] (Arch.) A circular temple consisting of a roof supported on columns, without a cella.

Monoptote

Mon"op*tote (?), n. [L. monoptotum, Gr. mo`nos single + (Gram.)

1. A noun having only one case. Andrews.

2. A noun having only one ending for the oblique cases.

Monopyrenous

Mon`o*py*re"nous (?), a. [Mono- + pyrene.] (Bot.) Having but a single stone or kernel.

Monorganic

Mon`or*gan"ic (?), a. [Mon- + organic.] (Biol. & Med.) Belonging to, or affecting, a single organ, or set of organs.

Monorhina

Mon`o*rhi"na (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The Marsipobranchiata.

Monorhyme

Mon"o*rhyme (?), n. [Mono- + rhyme: cf. F. monorime.] A composition in verse, in which all the lines end with the same rhyme.

Monosepalous

Mon`o*sep"al*ous (?), a. [Mono- + sepal: cf. F. monos\'82pale.] (Bot.) Having only one sepal, or the calyx in one piece or composed of the sepals united into one piece; gamosepalous. &hand; The most recent writers restrict this term to flowers having a solarity sepal, and use gamosepalous for a calyx formed by several sepals combined into one piece. Cf. Monopetalous.

Monosperm

Mon"o*sperm (?), n. (Bot.) A monospermous plant.

Monospermal, Monospermous

Mon`o*sper"mal (?), Mon`o*sper"mous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. monosperme.] (Bot.) Having only one seed.

Monospherical

Mon`o*spher"ic*al (?), a. [Mono- + spherical.] Consisting of one sphere only.

Monostich

Mon"o*stich (?), n. [Gr. A composition consisting of one verse only.

Monostichous

Mo*nos"ti*chous (?), a. [See Monostich.] (Bot.) Arranged in a single row on one side of an axis, as the flowers in grasses of the tribe Chlorid\'91.

Monostrophe

Mo*nos"tro*phe (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A metrical composition consisting of a single strophe.

Monostrophic

Mon`o*stroph"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Pros.) Having one strophe only; not varied in measure; written in unvaried measure. Milton.

Monosulphide

Mon`o*sul"phide (?), n. [Mono- + sulphide.] (Chem.) A sulphide containing one atom of sulphur, and analogous to a monoxide; -- contrasted with a polysulphide; as, galena is a monosulphide.

Monosulphuret

Mon`o*sul"phu*ret (?), n. [Mono- + sulphuret.] (Chem.) See Monosulphide.

Monosyllabic

Mon`o*syl*lab"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. monosyllabique.] Being a monosyllable, or composed of monosyllables; as, a monosyllabic word; a monosyllabic language. -- Mon`o*syl*lab"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

Monosyllabism

Mon`o*syl"la*bism (?), n. The state of consisting of monosyllables, or having a monosyllabic form; frequent occurrence of monosyllables.

Monosyllable

Mon"o*syl`la*ble (?), n. [L. monosyllabus of one syllable, Gr. monosyllabe. See Mono-, Syllable.] A word of one syllable.

Monosyllabled

Mon"o*syl`la*bled (?), a. Formed into, or consisting of, monosyllables. Cleveland.

Monosymmetric, Monosymmetrical

Mon`o*sym*met"ric (?), Mon`o*sym*met"ric*al (?), a. [Mono- + symmetric, -ical.] (Crystallog.) Same as Monoclinic.

Monotessaron

Mon`o*tes"sa*ron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A single narrative framed from the statements of the four evangelists; a gospel harmony. [R.]

Monothalama

Mon`o*thal"a*ma (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Foraminifera including those that have only one chamber.

Monothalaman

Mon`o*thal"a*man (?), n. [See Monothalamous.] (Zo\'94l.) A foraminifer having but one chamber.

Monothalamous

Mon`o*thal"a*mous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. monothalame.] (Zo\'94l.) One-chambered.

Monothalmic

Mon`o*thal"mic (?), a. [See Monothalamous.] (Bot.) Formed from one pistil; -- said of fruits. R. Brown.

Monothecal

Mon`o*the"cal (?), a. [Mono- + Br. (Bot.) Having a single loculament.

Monotheism

Mon"o*the*ism (?), n. [Mono- + Gr. monoth\'82isme.] The doctrine or belief that there is but one God.

Monotheist

Mon"o*the*ist, n. [Cf. F. monoth\'82iste.] One who believes that there is but one God.

Monotheistic

Mon`o*the*is"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to monotheism.

Monothelism, Monothelitism

Mo*noth"e*lism (?), Mo*noth"e*li*tism (?), n. [Cf. F. monoth\'82lisme, monoth\'82litisme.] The doctrine of the Monothelites.

Monothelite

Mo*noth"e*lite (?), n. [Gr. monoth\'82lite.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of an ancient sect who held that Christ had but one will as he had but one nature. Cf. Monophysite. Gibbon.

Monothelitic

Mon`o*the*lit"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Monothelites, or their doctrine.

Monotocous

Mo*not"o*cous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr.

1. (Bot.) Bearing fruit but once; monocarpic.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Uniparous; laying a single egg.

Monotomous

Mo*not"o*mous (?), a. [Mono- + Gr. (Min.) Having a distinct cleavage in a single direction only.

Monotone

Mon"o*tone (?), n. [See Monotonous, Monotony.]

1. (Mus.) A single unvaried tone or sound.

2. (Rhet.) The utterance of successive syllables, words, or sentences, on one unvaried key or line of pitch.

Monotonic, Monotonical

Mon`o*ton"ic (?), Mon`o*ton"ic*al (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or uttered in, a monotone; monotonous. "Monotonical declamation." Chesterfield.

Monotonist

Mo*not"o*nist (?), n. One who talks in the same strain or on the same subject until weariness is produced. Richardson.

Monotonous

Mo*not"o*nous (?), a. [Gr. Tone.] Uttered in one unvarying tone; continued with dull uniformity; characterized by monotony; without change or variety; wearisome. -- Mo*not"o*nous*ly, adv. -- Mo*not"o*nous*ness, n.

Monotony

Mo*not"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. monotonie. See Monotonius.]

1. A frequent recurrence of the same tone or sound, producing a dull uniformity; absence of variety, as in speaking or singing.

2. Any irksome sameness, or want of variety.

At sea, everything that breaks the monotony of the surrounding expanse attracts attention. W. Irving.

Monotremata

Mon`o*trem"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A subclass of Mammalia, having a cloaca in which the ducts of the urinary, genital, and alimentary systems terminate, as in birds. The female lays eggs like a bird. See Duck mole, under Duck, and Echidna.

Monotrematous

Mon`o*trem"a*tous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Monotremata.

Monotreme

Mon"o*treme (?), n. [Cf. F. monotr\'8ame.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Monotremata.

Monotriglyph

Mon`o*tri"glyph (?), n. [Mono- + triglyph: cf. F. monotriglyphe.] (Arch.) A kind of intercolumniation in an entablature, in which only one triglyph and two metopes are introduced.

Monotropa

Mo*not"ro*pa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of parasitic or saprophytic plants including the Indian pipe and pine sap. The name alludes to the dropping end of the stem.

Monotype, Monotypic

Mon"o*type (?), Mon`o*typ"ic (?), a. [Mono- + -type: cf. F. monotype.] (Biol.) Having but one type; containing but one representative; as, a monotypic genus, which contains but one species.

Monovalent

Mo*nov"a*lent (?), a. [Mono- + L. valens, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.) Having a valence of one; univalent. See Univalent.

Monoxide

Mo*nox"ide (?), n. [Mon- + oxide.] (Chem.) An oxide containing one atom of oxygen in each molecule; as, barium monoxide.

Monoxylon

Mo*nox"y*lon (?), n. [NL., from Gr. A canoe or boat made from one piece of timber.

Monoxylous

Mo*nox"y*lous (?), a. [See Monoxylon.] Made of one piece of wood.

Monozoa

Mon`o*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Radiolaria; -- called also Monocyttaria. -- Mon`o*zo"ic (#), a.

Monroe doctrine

Mon*roe" doc"trine. See under Doctrine.

Monseigneur

Mon`sei`gneur" (?), n.; pl. Messeigneurs (#). [F., fr. mon my + seigneur lord, L. senior older. See Senior, and cf. Monsieur.] My lord; -- a title in France of a person of high birth or rank; as, Monseigneur the Prince, or Monseigneur the Archibishop. It was given, specifically, to the dauphin, before the Revolution of 1789. (Abbrev. Mgr.)

Monsel's salt

Mon"sel's salt` (?). (Med.) A basic sulphate of iron; -- so named from Monsel, a Frenchman.

Monsel's solution

Mon"sel's so*lu"tion (?). [See Monsel's salt.] (Med.) An aqueous solution of Monsel's salt, having valuable styptic properties.

Monsieur

Mon*sieur" (?), n.; pl. Messieurs (#). [F., fr. mon my + Sieur, abbrev. of seigneur lord. See Monseigneur.]

1. The common title of civility in France in speaking to, or of, a man; Mr. or Sir. [Represented by the abbreviation M. or Mons. in the singular, and by MM. or Messrs. in the plural.]

2. The oldest brother of the king of France.

3. A Frenchman. [Contemptuous] Shak.

Monsignore

Mon`si*gno"re (?), n.; pl. Monsignors (#). [It., my lord. Cf. Monseigneur.] My lord; -- an ecclesiastical dignity bestowed by the pope, entitling the bearer to social and domestic rank at the papal court. (Abbrev. Mgr.)

Monsoon

Mon*soon" (?), n. [Malay m&umac;sim, fr. Ar. mausim a time, season: cf. F. monson, mousson, Sr. monzon, Pg. mon\'87\'eeo, It. monsone.] A wind blowing part of the year from one direction, alternating with a wind from the opposite direction; -- a term applied particularly to periodical winds of the Indian Ocean, which blow from the southwest from the latter part of May to the middle of September, and from the northeast from about the middle of October to the middle of December. <-- 2. a heavy rainfall in India associated with the southwest monsoon. 3. the season in which the monsoon[2] occurs -->

Monster

Mon"ster (?), n. [OE. monstre, F. monstre, fr. L. monstrum, orig., a divine omen, indicating misfortune; akin of monstrare to show, point out, indicate, and monere to warn. See Monition, and cf. Demonstrate, Muster.]

1. Something of unnatural size, shape, or quality; a prodigy; an enormity; a marvel.

A monster or marvel. Chaucer.

2. Specifically , an animal or plant departing greatly from the usual type, as by having too many limbs.

3. Any thing or person of unnatural or excessive ugliness, deformity, wickedness, or cruelty.

Monster

Mon"ster, a. Monstrous in size. Pope.

Monster

Mon"ster, v. t. To make monstrous. [Obs.] Shak.

Monstrance

Mon"strance (?), n. [LL. monstrantia, fr. L. monstrare to show: cf. OF. monstrance. See Monster.] (R. C. Ch.) A transparent pyx, in which the consecrated host is exposed to view.

Monstration

Mon*stra"tion (?), n. [L. monstratio.] The act of demonstrating; proof. [Obs.]
A certain monstration. Grafton.

Monstrosity

Mon*stros"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Monstrosities (#). [Cf. F. monstruosit\'82. See Monstrous.] The state of being monstrous, or out of the common order of nature; that which is monstrous; a monster. South.
A monstrosity never changes the name or affects the immutability of a species. Adanson (Trans. ).

Monstrous

Mon"strous (?), a. [OE. monstruous, F. monstrueux, fr. L. monstruosus, fr. monstrum. See Monster.]

1. Marvelous; strange. [Obs.]

2. Having the qualities of a monster; deviating greatly from the natural form or character; abnormal; as, a monstrous birth. Locke.

He, therefore, that refuses to do good to them whom he is bound to love ... is unnatural and monstrous in his affections. Jer. Taylor.

3. Extraordinary in a way to excite wonder, dislike, apprehension, etc.; -- said of size, appearance, color, sound, etc.; as, a monstrous height; a monstrous ox; a monstrous story.

4. Extraordinary on account of ugliness, viciousness, or wickedness; hateful; horrible; dreadful.

So bad a death argues a monstrous life. Shak.

5. Abounding in monsters. [R.]

Where thou, perhaps, under the whelming tide Visitest the bottom of the monstrous world. Milton.

Monstrous

Mon"strous, adv. Exceedingly; very; very much. "A monstrous thick oil on the top." Bacon.
And will be monstrous witty on the poor. Dryden.

Monstrously

Mon"strous*ly, adv. In a monstrous manner; unnaturally; extraordinarily; as, monstrously wicked. "Who with his wife is monstrously in love." Dryden.

Monstrousness

Mon"strous*ness, n. The state or quality of being monstrous, unusual, extraordinary. Shak.

Monstruosity

Mon`stru*os"i*ty (?), n. Monstrosity. [Obs.] Shak.

Monstruous

Mon"stru*ous (?), a. Monstrous. [Obs.]

Mont

Mont (?), n. [F. See Mount, n.] Mountain.

Montaigne

Mon"taigne (?), n. A mountain. [Obs.]

Montanic

Mon*tan"ic (?), a. [L. montanus, fr. mons, montis, mountain. See Mount, n.] Of or pertaining to mountains; consisting of mountains.

Montanist

Mon"ta*nist (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Mintanus, a Phrygian enthusiast of the second century, who claimed that the Holy Spirit, the Paraclete, dwelt in him, and employed him as an instrument for purifying and guiding men in the Christian life. -- Mon`ta*nis"tic (#), Mon`ta*nis"tic*al (#), a.

Montant

Mon"tant (?), n. [F.,prop., mounting, fr. monter to mount, fr. L. mons, montis, mountain. See Mount.]

1. (Fencing) An upward thrust or blow. Shak.

2. (Arch.) An upright piece in any framework; a mullion or muntin; a stile. [R.] See Stile.

Mont de pi\'82t\'82

Mont" de pi`\'82`t\'82" (?). [F., fr. It. monte di piet\'85 mount of piety.] One of certain public pawnbroking establishments which originated in Italy in the 15th century, the object of which was to lend money at a low rate of interest to poor people in need; -- called also mount of piety. The institution has been adopted in other countries, as in Spain and France. See Lombard-house.
Page 942

Monte

Mon"te (?), n. [Sp., lit., mountain, hence, the stock of cards remaining after laying out a certain number, fr. L. mons, montis, mountain.] A favorite gambling game among Spaniards, played with dice or cards.

Monte-acid

Monte`-ac"id (?), n. [F. monter to raise + acide acid.] (Chem.) An acid elevator, as a tube through which acid is forced to some height in a sulphuric acid manufactory.

Monteith

Mon*teith" (?), n. See Monteth.

Montem

Mon"tem (?), n. [L. ad montem to the hillock. See Mount, n.] A custom, formerly practiced by the scholars at Eton school, England, of giing every third year, on Whittuesday, to a hillock near the Bath road, and exacting money from all passers-by, to support at the university the senior scholar of the school.

Montero

Mon*te"ro (?), n. [Sp. montera a hunting cap, fr. montero a huntsman, monte a mountain, forest, L. mons, montis, mountain. See Mount, n.] An ancient kind of cap worn by horsemen or huntsmen. Bacon.

Monteth, Monteith

Mon*teth" (?), Mon*teith" (?), n. A vessel in which glasses are washed; -- so called from the name of the inventor.
New things produce new words, and thus Monteth Has by one vessel saved his name from death. King.

Montgolfier

Mont`gol"fier (?), n. A balloon which ascends by the buoyancy of air heated by a fire; a fire balloon; -- so called from two brothers, Stephen and Joseph Montgolfier, of France, who first constructed and sent up a fire balloon.

Month

Month (?), n. [OE. month, moneth, AS. m\'d3n, m\'d3na; akin to m\'d3na moon, and to D. maand month, G. monat, OHG. m\'ben\'d3d, Icel. m\'benu, m\'bena, Goth. m\'c7n\'d3. \'fb272. See Moon.] One of the twelve portions into which the year is divided; the twelfth part of a year, corresponding nearly to the length of a synodic revolution of the moon, -- whence the name. In popular use, a period of four weeks is often called a month. &hand; In the common law, a month is a lunar month, or twenty-eight days, unless otherwise expressed. Blackstone. In the United States the rule of the common law is generally cahanged, and a month is declared to mean a calendar month. Cooley's Blackstone. A month mind. (a) A strong or abnormal desire. [Obs.] Shak. (b) A celebration made in remembrance of a deceased person a month after death. Strype. -- Calendar months, the months as adjusted in the common or Gregorian calendar; April, June, September, and November, containing 30 days, and the rest 31, except February, which, in common years, has 28, and in leap years 29. -- Lunar month, the period of one revolution of the moon, particularly a synodical revolution; but several kinds are distinguished, as the synodical month, or period from one new moon to the next, in mean length 29 d. 12 h. 44 m. 2.87 s.; the nodical month, or time of revolution from one node to the same again, in length 27 d. 5 h. 5 m. 36 s.; the sidereal, or time of revolution from a star to the same again, equal to 27 d. 7 h. 43 m. 11.5 s.; the anomalistic, or time of revolution from perigee to perigee again, in length 27 d. 13 h. 18 m. 37.4 s.; and the tropical, or time of passing from any point of the ecliptic to the same again, equal to 27 d. 7 h. 43 m. 4.7 s. -- Solar month, the time in which the sun passes through one sign of the zodiac, in mean length 30 d. 10 h. 29 m. 4.1 s.

Monthling

Month"ling (?), n. That which is a month old, or which lives for a month. [R.] Wordsworth.

Monthly

Month"ly, a.

1. Continued a month, or a performed in a month; as, the monthly revolution of the moon.

2. Done, happening, payable, published, etc., once a month, or every month; as, a monthly visit; monthly charges; a monthly installment; a monthly magazine. Monthly nurse, a nurse who serves for a month or some short time, esp. one which attends women after childbirth.

Monthly

Month"ly, n.; pl. Monthlies (. A publication which appears regularly once a month.

Monthly

Month"ly, adv.

1. Once a month; in every month; as, the moon changes monthly. Shak.

2. As if under the influence of the moon; in the manner of a lunatic. [Obs.] Middleton.

Monticle

Mon"ti*cle (?), n. [L. monticulus, dim. of mons, montis, mountain: cf. F. monticule. See Mount, n.] A little mount; a hillock; a small elevation or prominence. [Written also monticule.]

Monticulate

Mon*tic"u*late (?), a. Furnished with monticles or little elevations.

Monticule

Mon"ti*cule (?), n. See Monticle.

Monticulous

Mon*tic"u*lous (?), a. Monticulate.

Montiform

Mon"ti*form (?), a. [L. mons, montis, mountain + -form.] Resembling a mountain in form.

Montigenous

Mon*tig"e*nous (?), a. [L. montigena; mons, montis, mountain + the root of gignere to beget.] Produced on a mountain.

Montoir

Mon`toir" (?), n. [F., fr. monter to mount. See Montant.] A stone used in mounting a horse; a horse block.

Monton

Mon"ton (?), n. [Sp.] (Mining) A heap of ore; a mass undergoing the process of amalgamation.

Montross

Mon*tross" (?), n. See Matross. [Obs.]

Montrue

Mon"true (?), n. [F., fr. monter to mount. See Montoir.] That on which anything is mounted; a setting; hence, a saddle horse. [Obs.] Spenser.

Monument

Mon"u*ment (?), n. [F., fr. L. monumentum, fr. monere to remind, admonish. See Monition, and cf. Moniment.]

1. Something which stands, or remains, to keep in remembrance what is past; a memorial.

Of ancient British art A pleasing monument. Philips.
Our bruised arms hung up for monuments. Shak.

2. A building, pillar, stone, or the like, erected to preserve the remembrance of a person, event, action, etc.; as, the Washington monument; the Bunker Hill monument. Also, a tomb, with memorial inscriptions.

On your family's old monument Hang mournful epitaphs, and do all rites That appertain unto a burial. Shak.

3. A stone or other permanent object, serving to indicate a limit or to mark a boundary.

4. A saying, deed, or example, worthy of record.

Acts and Monuments of these latter and perilous days. Foxe.
Syn. -- Memorial; remembrance; tomb; cenotaph.

Monumental

Mon`u*men"tal (?), a. [L. monumentalis: cf. F. monumental.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or suitable for, a monument; as, a monumental inscription.

2. Serving as a monument; memorial; preserving memory. "Of pine, or monumental oak." Milton.

A work outlasting monumental brass. Pope.

Monumentally

Mon`u*men"tal*ly, adv.

1. By way of memorial.

2. By means of monuments.

Monureid

Mon*u"re*id (?), n. [Mon- + ureid.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of complex nitrogenous substances regarded as derived from one molecule of urea; as, alloxan is a monureid. [Written also monureide.]

Moo

Moo (?), a., adv., & n. See Mo. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Moo

Moo (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Mooed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mooing.] [Of imitative origin.] To make the noise of a cow; to low; -- child's word.

Moo

Moo, n. The lowing of a cow.

Mood

Mood (?), n. [The same word as mode, perh. influenced by mood temper. See Mode.]

1. Manner; style; mode; logical form; musical style; manner of action or being. See Mode which is the preferable form).

2. (Gram.) Manner of conceiving and expressing action or being, as positive, possible, hypothetical, etc., without regard to other accidents, such as time, person, number, etc.; as, the indicative mood; the infinitive mood; the subjunctive mood. Same as Mode.

Mood

Mood, n. [OE. mood, mod, AS. m\'d3dmind, feeling, heart, courage; akin to OS. & OFries. m\'d3d, D. moed, OHG. muot, G. muth, mut, courage, Dan. & Sw. mod, Icel. m\'d3 wrath, Goth. m\'d3ds.] Temper of mind; temporary state of the mind in regard to passion or feeling; humor; as, a melancholy mood; a suppliant mood.
Till at the last aslaked was mood. Chaucer.
Fortune is merry, And in this mood will give us anything. Shak.
The desperate recklessness of her mood. Hawthorne.

Mooder

Moo"der (?), n. Mother. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Moodily

Mood"i*ly (?), adv. In a moody manner.

Moodiness

Mood"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being moody; specifically, liability to strange or violent moods.

Moodir

Moo"dir (?), n. [Ar. mud\'c6r.] The governor of a province in Egypt, etc. [Written also mudir.]

Moodish

Mood"ish (?), a. Moody. [Obs.]

Moodishly

Mood"ish*ly, adv. Moodily. [Obs.]

Moody

Mood"y (?), a. [Compar. Moodier (?); superl. Moodiest.] [AS. m\'d3dig courageous.]

1. Subject to varying moods, especially to states of mind which are unamiable or depressed.

2. Hence: Out of humor; peevish; angry; fretful; also, abstracted and pensive; sad; gloomy; melancholy. "Every peevish, moody malcontent." Rowe.

Arouse thee from thy moody dream! Sir W. Scott.
Syn. -- Gloomy; pensive; sad; fretful; capricious.

Moolah, Moollah

Moo"lah (?), Mool"lah, n. See Mollah.

Moolley

Mool"ley (?), n. Same as Mulley.

Moon

Moon (?), n. [OE. mone, AS. m\'d3na; akin to D. maan, OS. & OHG. m\'beno, G. mond, Icel. m\'beni, Dan. maane, Sw. m\'86ne, Goth. m\'c7na, Lith. men, L. mensis month, Gr. m\'bes moon, month; prob. from a root meaning to measure (cf. Skr. m\'be to measure), from its serving to measure the time. \'fb271. Cf. Mete to measure, Menses, Monday, Month.]

1. The celestial orb which revolves round the earth; the satellite of the earth; a secondary planet, whose light, borrowed from the sun, is reflected to the earth, and serves to dispel the darkness of night. The diameter of the moon is 2,160 miles, its mean distance from the earth is 240,000 miles, and its mass is one eightieth that of the earth. See Lunar month, under Month.

The crescent moon, the diadem of night. Cowper.

2. A secondary planet, or satellite, revolving about any member of the solar system; as, the moons of Jupiter or Saturn.

3. The time occupied by the moon in making one revolution in her orbit; a month. Shak.

4. (Fort.) A crescentlike outwork. See Half-moon. Moon blindness. (a) (Far.) A kind of ophthalmia liable to recur at intervals of three or four weeks. (b) (Med.) Hemeralopia. -- Moon dial, a dial used to indicate time by moonlight. -- Moon face, a round face like a full moon. -- Moon madness, lunacy. [Poetic] -- Moon month, a lunar month. -- Moon trefoil (Bot.), a shrubby species of medic (Medicago arborea). See Medic. -- Moon year, a lunar year, consisting of lunar months, being sometimes twelve and sometimes thirteen.

Moon

Moon, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mooned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mooning.] To expose to the rays of the moon.
If they have it to be exceeding white indeed, they seethe it yet once more, after it hath been thus sunned and mooned. Holland.

Moon

Moon, v. i. To act if moonstruck; to wander or gaze about in an abstracted manner.
Elsley was mooning down the river by himself. C. Kingsley.

Moonbeam

Moon"beam` (?), n. A ray of light from the moon.

Moonblind

Moon"blind` (?), a. Dim-sighted; purblind.

Moonblink

Moon"blink` (?), n. A temporary blindness, or impairment of sight, said to be caused by sleeping in the moonlight; -- sometimes called nyctalopia.

Mooncalf

Moon"calf` (?), n.

1. A monster; a false conception; a mass of fleshy matter, generated in the uterus.

2. A dolt; a stupid fellow. Dryden.

Moon-culminating

Moon"-cul"mi*na`ting (?), a. Culminating, or coming to the meredian, at or about the same time with the moon; -- said of a star or stars, esp. of certain stars selected beforehand, and named in an ephemeris (as the Nautical Almanac), as suitable to be observed in connection with the moon at culmination, for determining terrestrial longitude.

Mooned

Mooned (?), a. Of or resembling the moon; symbolized by the moon. "Sharpening in mooned horns." "Mooned Ashtaroth." Milton.

Mooner

Moon"er (?), n. One who abstractedly wanders or gazes about, as if moonstruck. [R.] Dickens.

Moonery

Moon"er*y (?), n. Conduct of one who moons. [R.]

Moonet

Moon"et (?), n. A little moon. [R.] Bp. Hall.

Moon-eye

Moon"-eye` (?), n.

1. A eye affected by the moon; also, a disease in the eye of a horse.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of American fresh-water fishes of the genus Hyodon, esp. H. tergisus of the Great Lakes and adjacent waters. (b) The cisco.

Moon-eyed

Moon"-eyed` (?), a. Having eyes affected by the moon; moonblind; dim-eyed; purblind.

Moon-faced

Moon"-faced` (?), a. Having a round, full face.

Moonfish

Moon"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An American marine fish (Vomer setipennis); -- called also bluntnosed shiner, horsefish, and sunfish. (b) A broad, thin, silvery marine fish (Selene vomer); -- called also lookdown, and silver moonfish. (c) The mola. See Sunfish, 1.

Moonflower

Moon"flow`er (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The oxeye daisy; -- called also moon daisy. (b) A kind of morning glory (Ipom\'d2a Bona-nox) with large white flowers opening at night.

Moong

Moong (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Mung.

Moonglade

Moon"glade` (?), n. The bright reflection of the moon's light on an expanse of water. [Poetic]

Moonie

Moo"nie (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European goldcrest. <-- (inf. & derog) a follower of the Korean religious cult leader Sun Myung Moon -->

Moonish

Moon"ish (?), a. Like the moon; variable.
Being but a moonish youth. Shak.

Moonless

Moon"less, a. Being without a moon or moonlight.

Moonlight

Moon`light` (?), n. The light of the moon. -- a. Occurring during or by moonlight; characterized by moonlight.

Moonling

Moon"ling (?), n. A simpleton; a lunatic. [Obs.]

Moonlit

Moon"lit` (?), a. Illumined by the moon. "The moonlit sea." Moore. "Moonlit dells." Lowell.

Moonraker

Moon"rak`er (?), n. (Naut.) Same as Moonsail.

Moonrise

Moon"rise` (?), n. The rising of the moon above the horizon; also, the time of its rising.

Moonsail

Moon"sail` (?), n. (Naut.) A sail sometimes carried in light winds, above a skysail. R. H. Dana, Jr.

Moonseed

Moon"seed` (?), n. (Bot.) A climbing plant of the genus Menispermum; -- so called from the crescentlike form of the seeds.

Moonset

Moon"set` (?), n. The descent of the moon below the horizon; also, the time when the moon sets.

Moonshee

Moon"shee (?), n. [Hind. munish\'c6, fr. Ar. munish\'c6 a writer, author, secretary, tutor.] A Mohammedan professor or teacher of language. [India]

Moonshine

Moon"shine` (?), n.

1. The light of the moon.

2. Hence, show without substance or reality.

3. A month. [R.] Shak.

4. A preparation of eggs for food. [Obs.]

Moonshine

Moon"shine`, a. Moonlight. [R.] Clarendon.

Moonshiner

Moon"shin`er (?), n. A person engaged in illicit distilling; -- so called because the work is largely done at night. [Cant, U.S.]

Moonshiny

Moon"shin`y (?), a. Moonlight. [Colloq.]
I went to see them in a moonshiny night. Addison.

Moonstone

Moon"stone` (?), n. (Min.) A nearly pellucid variety of feldspar, showing pearly or opaline reflections from within. It is used as a gem. The best specimens come from Ceylon.

Moonsticken

Moon"stick`en (?), a. See Moonstruck.

Moonstruck

Moon"struck` (?), a.

1. Mentally affected or deranged by the supposed influence of the moon; lunatic.

2. Produced by the supposed influence of the moon. "Moonstruck madness." Milton.

3. Made sick by the supposed influence of the moon, as a human being; made unsuitable for food, as fishes, by such supposed influence.

Moonwort

Moon"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The herb lunary or honesty. See Honesty. (b) Any fern of the genus Botrychium, esp. B. Lunaria; -- so named from the crescent-shaped segments of its frond.

Moony

Moon"y (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to the moon.

Soft and pale as the moony beam. J. R. Drake.

2. Furnished with a moon; bearing a crescent.

But soon the miscreant moony host Before the victor cross shall fly. Fenton.

3. Silly; weakly sentimental. [Colloq.] G. Eliot.

Moor

Moor (?), n. [F. More, Maure, L. Maurus a Moor, a Mauritanian, an inhabitant of Mauritania, Gr. Morris a dance, Morocco.]

1. One of a mixed race inhabiting Morocco, Algeria, Tunis, and Tripoli, chiefly along the coast and in towns.

2. (Hist.) Any individual of the swarthy races of Africa or Asia which have adopted the Mohammedan religion. "In Spanish history the terms Moors, Saracens, and Arabs are synonymous." Internat. Cyc.

Moor

Moor, n. [OE. mor, AS. m\'d3r moor, morass; akin to D. moer moor, G. moor, and prob. to Goth. marei sea, E. mere. See Mere a lake.]

1. An extensive waste covered with patches of heath, and having a poor, light soil, but sometimes marshy, and abounding in peat; a heath.

In her girlish age she kept sheep on the moor. Carew.

2. A game preserve consisting of moorland. Moor buzzard (Zo\'94l.), the marsh harrier. [Prov. Eng.] -- Moor coal (Geol.), a friable variety of lignite. -- Moor cock (Zo\'94l.), the male of the moor fowl or red grouse of Europe. -- Moor coot. (Zo\'94l.) See Gallinule. -- Moor fowl. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European ptarmigan, or red grouse (Lagopus Scoticus). (b) The European heath grouse. See under Heath. -- Moor game. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Moor fowl (above). -- Moor grass (Bot.), a tufted perennial grass (Sesleria c\'91rulea), found in mountain pastures of Europe. -- Moor hawk (Zo\'94l.), the marsh harrier. -- Moor hen. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The female of the moor fowl. (b) A gallinule, esp. the European species. See Gallinule. (c) An Australian rail (Tribonyx ventralis). -- Moor monkey (Zo\'94l.), the black macaque of Borneo (Macacus maurus). -- Moor titling (Zo\'94l.), the European stonechat (Pratinocola rubicola).


Page 943

Moor

Moor (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Moored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mooring.] [Prob. fr. D. marren to tie, fasten, or moor a ship. See Mar.]

1. (Naut.) To fix or secure, as a vessel, in a particular place by casting anchor, or by fastening with cables or chains; as, the vessel was moored in the stream; they moored the boat to the wharf.

2. Fig.: To secure, or fix firmly. Brougham.

Moor

Moor, v. i. To cast anchor; to become fast.
On oozy ground his galleys moor. Dryden.

Moorage

Moor"age (?), n. A place for mooring.

Moorball

Moor"ball` (?), n. (Bot.) A fresh-water alga (Cladophora \'92gagropila) which forms a globular mass.

Moorband

Moor"band` (?), n. See Moorpan.

Mooress

Moor"ess (?), n. A female Moor; a Moorish woman.

Mooring

Moor"ing, n.

1. The act of confining a ship to a particular place, by means of anchors or fastenings.

2. That which serves to confine a ship to a place, as anchors, cables, bridles, etc.

3. pl. The place or condition of a ship thus confined.

And the tossed bark in moorings swings. Moore.
Mooring block (Naut.), a heavy block of cast iron sometimes used as an anchor for mooring vessels.

Moorish

Moor"ish, a. [From 2d Moor.] Having the characteristics of a moor or heath. "Moorish fens." Thomson.

Moorish

Moor"ish, a. [See 1st Moor, and cf. Morris, Moresque.] Of or pertaining to Morocco or the Moors; in the style of the Moors. Moorish architecture, the style developed by the Moors in the later Middle Ages, esp. in Spain, in which the arch had the form of a horseshoe, and the ornamentation admitted no representation of animal life. It has many points of resemblance to the Arabian and Persian styles, but should be distinguished from them. See Illust. under Moresque.

Moorland

Moor"land (?), n. [AS. m\'d3rland.] Land consisting of a moor or moors.

Moorpan

Moor"pan` (?), n. [Cf. Hard pan, under Hard.] A clayey layer or pan underlying some moors, etc.

Moorstone

Moor"stone` (?), n. A species of English granite, used as a building stone.

Mooruk

Moo"ruk (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A species of cassowary (Casuarius Bennetti) found in New Britain, and noted for its agility in running and leaping. It is smaller and has stouter legs than the common cassowary. Its crest is biloted; the neck and breast are black; the back, rufous mixed with black; and the naked skin of the neck, blue.

Moory

Moor"y (?), a. Of or pertaining to moors; marshy; fenny; boggy; moorish. Mortimer.
As when thick mists arise from moory vales. Fairfax.

Moory

Moor"y, n. A kind of blue cloth made in India. Balfour (Cyc of India).

Moose

Moose (?), n. [A native name; Knisteneaux mouswah; Algonquin monse. Mackenzie.] (Zo\'94l.) A large cervine mammal (Alces machlis, or A. Americanus), native of the Northern United States and Canada. The adult male is about as large as a horse, and has very large, palmate antlers. It closely resembles the European elk, and by many zo\'94logists is considered the same species. See Elk. Moose bird (Zo\'94l.), the Canada jayor whisky jack. See Whisky jack. -- Moose deer. Same as Moose. -- Moose yard (Zo\'94l.), a locality where moose, in winter, herd together in a forest to feed and for mutual protection.

Moosewood

Moose"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The striped maple (Acer Pennsylvanicum). (b) Leatherwood.

Moot

Moot (?), v. See 1st Mot. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Moot

Moot (?), n. (Shipbuilding) A ring for gauging wooden pins.

Moot

Moot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mooted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mooting.] [OE. moten, motien, AS. m\'d3tan to meet or assemble for conversation, to discuss, dispute, fr. m\'d3t, gem\'d3t, a meeting, an assembly; akin to Icel. m\'d3t, MHG. muoz. Cf. Meet to come together.]

1. To argue for and against; to debate; to discuss; to propose for discussion.

A problem which hardly has been mentioned, much less mooted, in this country. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. Specifically: To discuss by way of exercise; to argue for practice; to propound and discuss in a mock court.

First a case is appointed to be mooted by certain young men, containing some doubtful controversy. Sir T. Elyot.

Moot

Moot (?), v. i. To argue or plead in a supposed case.
There is a difference between mooting and pleading; between fencing and fighting. B. Jonson.

Moot

Moot, n. [AS. m\'d3t, gem\'d3t, a meeting; -- usually in comp.] [Written also mote.]

1. A meeting for discussion and deliberation; esp., a meeting of the people of a village or district, in Anglo-Saxon times, for the discussion and settlement of matters of common interest; -- usually in composition; as, folk-moot. J. R. Green.

2. [From Moot, v.] A discussion or debate; especially, a discussion of fictitious causes by way of practice.

The pleading used in courts and chancery called moots. Sir T. Elyot.
Moot case, a case or question to be mooted; a disputable case; an unsettled question. Dryden. -- Moot court, a mock court, such as is held by students of law for practicing the conduct of law cases. -- Moot point, a point or question to be debated; a doubtful question.

Moot

Moot, a. Subject, or open, to argument or discussion; undecided; debatable; mooted.

Mootable

Moot"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being mooted.

Mooter

Moot"er (?), n. A disputer of a mooted case.

Moot-hall, Moot-house

Moot"-hall` (?), Moot"-house` (?), n. [AS. m\'d3th.] A hall for public meetings; a hall of judgment. [Obs.] "The moot-hall of Herod." Wyclif.

Moot-hill

Moot"-hill` (?), n. (O. Eng. Law) A hill of meeting or council; an elevated place in the open air where public assemblies or courts were held by the Saxons; -- called, in Scotland, mute-hill. J. R. Green.

Mootman

Moot"man (?), n.; pl. Mootmen (. (O. Eng. Law) One who argued moot cases in the inns of court.

Mop

Mop (?), n. [See Mope.] A made-up face; a grimace. "What mops and mowes it makes!" Beau. & Fl.

Mop

Mop, v. i. To make a wry mouth. [Obs.] Shak.

Mop

Mop, n. [CF. W. mop, mopa, Ir. moipal, Gael. moibeal, moibean; or OF. mappe a napkin (see Map, Napkin).]

1. An implement for washing floors, or the like, made of a piece of cloth, or a collection of thrums, or coarse yarn, fastened to a handle.

2. A fair where servants are hired. [Prov. Eng.]

3. The young of any animal; also, a young girl; a moppet. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Mop head. (a) The end of a mop, to which the thrums or rags are fastened. (b) A clamp for holding the thrums or rags of a mop. [U.S.]

Mop

Mop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mopped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mopping.] To rub or wipe with a mop, or as with a mop; as, to mop a floor; to mop one's face with a handkerchief.

Mopboard

Mop"board` (?), n. (Carp.) A narrow board nailed against the wall of a room next to the floor; skirting board; baseboard. See Baseboard.

Mope

Mope (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Moped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Moping.] [Cf. D. moppen to pout, Prov. G. muffen to sulk.] To be dull and spiritless. "Moping melancholy." Milton.
A sickly part of one true sense Could not so mope. Shak.

Mope

Mope, v. t. To make spiritless and stupid. [Obs.]

Mope

Mope, n. A dull, spiritless person. Burton.

Mope-eyed

Mope"-eyed` (?), a. Shortsighted; purblind.

Mopeful

Mope"ful (?), a. Mopish. [R.]

Mopish

Mop"ish (?), a. Dull; spiritless; dejected. -- Mop"ish*ly, adv. -- Mop"ish*ness, n.

Moplah

Mop"lah (?), n. [Malayalam m\'bepplia.] One of a class of Mohammedans in Malabar.

Moppet

Mop"pet (?), n. [From 3d Mop.]

1. A rag baby; a puppet made of cloth; hence, also, in fondness, a little girl, or a woman.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A long-haired pet dog.

Mopsey, Mopsy

Mop"sey, Mop"sy (?), n.

1. A moppet.

2. A slatternly, untidy woman. Halliwell.

Mopsical

Mop"si*cal (?), a. Shortsighted; mope-eyed.

Mopstick

Mop"stick` (?), n. The long handle of a mop.

Mopus

Mo"pus (?), n. A mope; a drone. [Obs.] Swift.

Moquette

Mo*quette" (?), n. [F.] A kind of carpet having a short velvety pile.

Mora

Mor"a (?), n. [It.] A game of guessing the number of fingers extended in a quick movement of the hand, -- much played by Italians of the lower classes.

Mora

Mo"ra (?), n. (Bot.) A leguminous tree of Guiana and Trinidad (Dimorphandra excelsa); also, its timber, used in shipbuilding and making furniture.

Mora

Mo"ra, n. [L.] (Rom. & Civil Law) Delay; esp., culpable delay; postponement.

Moraine

Mo*raine" (?), n. [F. Cf. Prov. G. mur stones broken off, It. mora a heap of stones, hillock, G. m\'81rbe soft, broken up, OHG. muruwi, AS. mearu tender, Gr. ml\'be to relax.] (Geol.) An accumulation of earth and stones carried forward and deposited by a glacier. Lyell. &hand; If the moranie is at the extremity of the glacier it is a terminal moranie; if at the side, a lateral moranie; if parallel to the side on the central portion of the glacier, a medial moranie. See Illust. of Glacier. In the last case it is formed by the union of the lateral moranies of the branches of the glacier. A ground moranie is one beneath the mass of ice.

Morainic

Mo*rain"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a moranie.

Moral

Mor"al (?), a. [F., fr. It. moralis, fr. mos, moris, manner, custom, habit, way of life, conduct.]

1. Relating to duty or obligation; pertaining to those intentions and actions of which right and wrong, virtue and vice, are predicated, or to the rules by which such intentions and actions ought to be directed; relating to the practice, manners, or conduct of men as social beings in relation to each other, as respects right and wrong, so far as they are properly subject to rules.

Keep at the least within the compass of moral actions, which have in them vice or virtue. Hooker.
Mankind is broken loose from moral bands. Dryden.
She had wandered without rule or guidance in a moral wilderness. Hawthorne.

2. Conformed to accepted rules of right; acting in conformity with such rules; virtuous; just; as, a moral man. Used sometimes in distinction from religious; as, a moral rather than a religious life.

The wiser and more moral part of mankind. Sir M. Hale.

3. Capable of right and wrong action or of being governed by a sense of right; subject to the law of duty.

A moral agent is a being capable of those actions that have a moral quality, and which can properly be denominated good or evil in a moral sense. J. Edwards.

4. Acting upon or through one's moral nature or sense of right, or suited to act in such a manner; as, a moral arguments; moral considerations. Sometimes opposed to material and physical; as, moral pressure or support.

5. Supported by reason or probability; practically sufficient; -- opposed to legal or demonstrable; as, a moral evidence; a moral certainty.

6. Serving to teach or convey a moral; as, a moral lesson; moral tales. Moral agent, a being who is capable of acting with reference to right and wrong. -- Moral certainty, a very high degree or probability, although not demonstrable as a certainty; a probability of so high a degree that it can be confidently acted upon in the affairs of life; as, there is a moral certainty of his guilt. -- Moral insanity, insanity, so called, of the moral system; badness alleged to be irresponsible. -- Moral philosophy, the science of duty; the science which treats of the nature and condition of man as a moral being, of the duties which result from his moral relations, and the reasons on which they are founded. -- Moral play, an allegorical play; a morality. [Obs.] -- Moral sense, the power of moral judgment and feeling; the capacity to perceive what is right or wrong in moral conduct, and to approve or disapprove, independently of education or the knowledge of any positive rule or law. -- Moral theology, theology applied to morals; practical theology; casuistry.

Moral

Mor"al (?), n.

1. The doctrine or practice of the duties of life; manner of living as regards right and wrong; conduct; behavior; -- usually in the plural.

Corrupt in their morals as vice could make them. South.

2. The inner meaning or significance of a fable, a narrative, an occurrence, an experience, etc.; the practical lesson which anything is designed or fitted to teach; the doctrine meant to be inculcated by a fiction; a maxim.

Thus may we gather honey from the weed, And make a moral of the devil himself. Shak.
To point a moral, or adorn a tale. Johnson.
We protest against the principle that the world of pure comedy is one into which no moral enters. Macaulay.

3. A morality play. See Morality, 5.

Moral

Mor"al, v. i. To moralize. [Obs.] Shak.

Morale

Mo`rale" (?), n. [F. See Moral, a.] The moral condition, or the condition in other respects, so far as it is affected by, or dependent upon, moral considerations, such as zeal, spirit, hope, and confidence; mental state, as of a body of men, an army, and the like.

Moraler

Mor"al*er (?), n. A moralizer. [Obs.] Shak.

Moralism

Mor"al*ism (?), n. A maxim or saying embodying a moral truth. Farrar.

Moralist

Mor"al*ist, n. [Cf. F. moraliste.]

1. One who moralizes; one who teaches or animadverts upon the duties of life; a writer of essays intended to correct vice and inculcate moral duties. Addison.

2. One who practices moral duties; a person who lives in conformity with moral rules; one of correct deportment and dealings with his fellow-creatures; -- sometimes used in contradistinction to one whose life is controlled by religious motives.

The love (in the moralist of virtue, but in the Christian) of God himself. Hammond.

Morality

Mo*ral"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Moralities (#). [L. moralitas: cf. F. moralit\'82.]

1. The relation of conformity or nonconformity to the moral standard or rule; quality of an intention, a character, an action, a principle, or a sentiment, when tried by the standard of right.

The morality of an action is founded in the freedom of that principle, by virtue of which it is in the agent's power, having all things ready and requisite to the performance of an action, either to perform or not perform it. South.

2. The quality of an action which renders it good; the conformity of an act to the accepted standard of right.

Of moralitee he was the flower. Chaucer.
I am bold to think that morality is capable of demonstration. Locke.

3. The doctrines or rules of moral duties, or the duties of men in their social character; ethics.

The end of morality is to procure the affections to obey reason, and not to invade it. Bacon.
The system of morality to be gathered out of ... ancient sages falls very short of that delivered in the gospel. Swift.

4. The practice of the moral duties; rectitude of life; conformity to the standard of right; virtue; as, we often admire the politeness of men whose morality we question.

5. A kind of allegorical play, so termed because it consisted of discourses in praise of morality between actors representing such characters as Charity, Faith, Death, Vice, etc. Such plays were occasionally exhibited as late as the reign of Henry VIII. Strutt.

6. Intent; meaning; moral. [Obs.]

Taketh the morality thereof, good men. Chaucer.

Moralization

Mor`al*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. moralisation.]

1. The act of moralizing; moral reflections or discourse.

2. Explanation in a moral sense. T. Warton.


Page 944

Moralize

Mor"al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Moralized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Moralizing (?).] [Cf. F. moraliser.]

1. To apply to a moral purpose; to explain in a moral sense; to draw a moral from.

This fable is moralized in a common proverb. L'Estrange.
Did he not moralize this spectacle? Shak.

2. To furnish with moral lessons, teachings, or examples; to lend a moral to.

While chastening thoughts of sweetest use, bestowed By Wisdom, moralize his pensive road. Wordsworth.

3. To render moral; to correct the morals of.

It had a large share in moralizing the poor white people of the country. D. Ramsay.

4. To give a moral quality to; to affect the moral quality of, either for better or worse.

Good and bad stars moralize not our actions. Sir T. Browne.

Moralize

Mor"al*ize (?), v. i. To make moral reflections; to regard acts and events as involving a moral.

Moralizer

Mor"al*i`zer (?), n. One who moralizes.

Morally

Mor"al*ly, adv.

1. In a moral or ethical sense; according to the rules of morality.

By good, good morally so called, "bonum honestum" ought chiefly to be understood. South.

2. According to moral rules; virtuously. "To live morally." Dryden.

3. In moral qualities; in disposition and character; as, one who physically and morally endures hardships.

4. In a manner calculated to serve as the basis of action; according to the usual course of things and human judgment; according to reason and probability.

It is morally impossible for an hypocrite to keep himself long upon his guard. L'Estrange.

Morass

Mo*rass" (?), n. [OE. marras, mareis (perh. through D. moeras), fr. F. marais, prob. from L. mare sea, in LL., any body of water; but perh. influenced by some German word. See Mere a lake, and cf. Marsh.] A tract of soft, wet ground; a marsh; a fen. Morass ore. (Min.) See Bog ore, under Bog.

morassy

mo*rass"y (?), a. Marshy; fenny. [R.] Pennant.

Morate

Mo"rate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of moric acid.

Moration

Mo*ra"tion (?), n. [L. moratio.] A delaying tarrying; delay. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Moravian

Mo*ra"vi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Moravia, or to the United Brethren. See Moravian, n.

Moravian

Mo*ra"vi*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a religious sect called the United Brethern (an offshoot of the Hussites in Bohemia), which formed a separate church of Moravia, a northern district of Austria, about the middle of the 15th century. After being nearly extirpated by persecution, the society, under the name of The Renewed Church of the United Brethren, was re\'89stablished in 1722-35 on the estates of Count Zinzendorf in Saxony. Called also Herrnhuter.

Moravianism

Mo*ra"vi*an*ism (?), n. The religious system of the Moravians.

Moray

Mor"ay (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A mur\'91na.

Morbid

Mor"bid (?), a. [L. morbidus, fr. morbus disease; prob. akin to mori to die: cf. F. morbide, It. morbido. See Mortal.]

1. Not sound and healthful; induced by a diseased or abnormal condition; diseased; sickly; as, morbid humors; a morbid constitution; a morbid state of the juices of a plant. "Her sick and morbid heart." Hawthorne.

2. Of or pertaining to disease or diseased parts; as, morbid anatomy. Syn. -- Diseased; sickly; sick. -- Morbid, Diseased. Morbid is sometimes used interchangeably with diseased, but is commonly applied, in a somewhat technical sense, to cases of a prolonged nature; as, a morbid condition of the nervous system; a morbid sensibility, etc.

Morbidezza

Mor`bi*dez"za (?), n. [It., softness, delicacy. See Morbid.]

1. (Fine Arts) Delicacy or softness in the representation of flesh.

2. (Mus.) A term used as a direction in execution, signifying, with extreme delicacy. Ludden.

Morbidity

Mor*bid"i*ty (?), n.

1. The quality or state of being morbid.

2. Morbid quality; disease; sickness. C. Kingsley.

3. Amount of disease; sick rate.

Morbidly

Mor"bid*ly (?), adv. In a morbid manner.

Morbidness

Mor"bid*ness, n. The quality or state of being morbid; morbidity.

Morbific, Morbifical

Mor*bif"ic (?), Mor*bif"ic*al (?), a. [L. morbus disease + -ficare (in comp.) to make: cf. F. morbifique. See -fy.] Causing disease; generating a sickly state; as, a morbific matter.

Morbillous

Mor*bil"lous (?), a. [LL. morbilli measles, dim. of L. morbus disease: cf. F. morbilleux.] Pertaining to the measles; partaking of the nature of measels, or resembling the eruptions of that disease; measly.

Morbose

Mor*bose" (?), a. [L. morbosus, fr. morbus disease.] Proceeding from disease; morbid; unhealthy.
Morbose tumors and excrescences of plants. Ray.

Morbosity

Mor*bos"i*ty (?), n. [L. morbositas.] A diseased state; unhealthiness. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Morceau

Mor`ceau" (?), n. [F.] A bit; a morsel.

Mordacious

Mor*da"cious (?), a. [L. mordax, -acis, fr. mordere, morsum, to bite. See Morsel.] Biting; given to biting; hence, figuratively, sarcastic; severe; scathing. -- Mor*da"cious*ly, adv.

Mordacity

Mor*dac"i*ty (?), n. [L. mordacitas: cf. F. mordacit\'82. See Mordacious.] The quality of being mordacious; biting severity, or sarcastic quality. Bacon.

Mordant

Mor"dant (?), a. [F., p.pr. of mordere to bite; L. mordere. See Morsel.]

1. Biting; caustic; sarcastic; keen; severe.

2. (Dyeing & Calico Printing) Serving to fix colors.

Mordant

Mor"dant, n. [F., originally, biting.]

1. Any corroding substance used in etching.

2. (Dyeing & Calico Printing) Any substance, as alum or copperas, which, having a twofold attraction for organic fibers and coloring matter, serves as a bond of union, and thus gives fixity to, or bites in, the dyes.

3. (Gilding) Any sticky matter by which the gold leaf is made to adhere.

Mordant

Mor"dant (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mordanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Mordanting.] To subject to the action of, or imbue with, a mordant; as, to mordant goods for dyeing.

Mordantly

Mor"dant*ly, adv. In the manner of a mordant.

Mordente

Mor*den"te (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) An embellishment resembling a trill.

Mordicancy

Mor"di*can*cy (?), n. A biting quality; corrosiveness. [R.] Evelyn.

Mordicant

Mor"di*cant (?), a. [L. mordicans, p.pr. of mordicare to bite, fr. mordere: cf. F. mordicant.] Biting; acrid; as, the mordicant quality of a body. [R.] Boyle.

Mordication

Mor`di*ca"tion (?), n. [L. mordicatio.] The act of biting or corroding; corrosion. [R.] Bacon.

Mordicative

Mor"di*ca*tive (?), a. [L. mordicativus.] Biting; corrosive. [R.] Holland.

More

More (?), n. [AS. m\'d3r. See Moor a waste.] A hill. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

More

More, n. [AS. more, moru; akin to G. m\'94hre carrot, OHG. moraha, morha.] A root. [Obs.] Chaucer.

More

More, a., compar. [Positive wanting; superl. Most (.] [OE. more, mare, and (orig. neut. and adv.) mo, ma, AS. m\'bera, and (as neut. and adv.) m\'be; akin to D. meer, OS. m\'c7r, G. mehr, OHG. m\'c7ro, m\'c7r, Icel. meiri, meirr, Dan. meere, meer, Sw. mera, mer, Goth. maiza, a., mais, adv., and perh. to L. major greater, compar. of magnus great, and magis, adv., more. &root;103. Cf. Most, uch, Major.]

1. Greater; superior; increased; as: (a) Greater in quality, amount, degree, quality, and the like; with the singular.

He gat more money. Chaucer.
If we procure not to ourselves more woe. Milton.
&hand; More, in this sense, was formerly used in connection with some other qualifying word, -- a, the, this, their, etc., -- which now requires the substitution of greater, further, or the like, for more.
Whilst sisters nine, which dwell on Parnasse height, Do make them music for their more delight. Spenser.
The more part knew not wherefore they were come together. Acts xix. 32.
Wrong not that wrong with a more contempt. Shak.
(b) Greater in number; exceeding in numbers; -- with the plural.
The people of the children of Israel are more and mighter than we. Ex. i. 9.

2. Additional; other; as, he wept because there were no more words to conquer.

With open arms received one poet more. Pope.

More

More, n.

1. A greater quantity, amount, or number; that which exceeds or surpasses in any way what it is compared with.

And the children of Israel did so, and gathered, some more, some less. Ex. xvi. 17.

2. That which is in addition; something other and further; an additional or greater amount.

They that would have more and more can never have enough. L'Estrange.
O! That pang where more than madness lies. Byron.
Any more. (a) Anything or something additional or further; as, I do not need any more. (b) Adverbially: Further; beyond a certain time; as, do not think any more about it. -- No more, not anything more; nothing in addition. -- The more and less, the high and low. [Obs.] Shak. "All cried, both less and more." Chaucer.

More

More, adv.

1. In a greater quantity; in or to a greater extent or degree. (a) With a verb or participle.

Admiring more The riches of Heaven's pavement. Milton.
(b) With an adjective or adverb (instead of the suffix -er) to form the comparative degree; as, more durable; more active; more sweetly.
Happy here, and more happy hereafter. Bacon.
&hand; Double comparatives were common among writers of the Elizabeth period, and for some time later; as, more brighter; more dearer.
The duke of Milan And his more braver daughter. Shak.

2. In addition; further; besides; again.

Yet once more, Oye laurels, and once more, Ye myrtles brown, with ivy never sere, I come to pluck your berries harsh and crude. Milton.
More and more, with continual increase. "Amon trespassed more and more." 2 Chron. xxxiii. 23. -- The more, to a greater degree; by an added quantity; for a reason already specified. -- The more -- the more, by how much more -- by so much more. "The more he praised in himself, the more he seems to suspect that in very deed it was not in him." Milton. -- To be no more, to have ceased to be; as, Cassius is no more; Troy is no more.
Those oracles which set the world in flames, Nor ceased to burn till kingdoms were no more. Byron.

More

More, v. t. To make more; to increase. [Obs.] Gower.

Moreen

Mo*reen" (?), n. [Cf. Mohair.] A thick woolen fabric, watered or with embossed figures; -- used in upholstery, for curtains, etc.

Morel

Mor"el (?), n. [See Moril.] (Bot.) An edible fungus (Morchella esculenta), the upper part of which is covered with a reticulated and pitted hymenium. It is used as food, and for flavoring sauces. [Written also moril.]

Morel

Mor"el, n. [See Morelle.] (Bot.)

1. Nightshade; -- so called from its blackish purple berries. [Written also morelle.]

2. A kind of cherry. See Morello. Great morel, the deadly nightshade. -- Petty morel, the black nightshade. See Nightshade.

Moreland

More"land (?), n. Moorland.

Morelle

Mo*relle" (?), n. [F., orig. fem. of moreau black, OF. morel, fr. LL. morellus. Cf. Morello, Murrey.] (Bot.) Nightshade. See 2d Morel.

Morello

Mo*rel"lo (?), n. [Cf. It. morello blackish, OF. morel. Cf. Morelle.] (Bot.) A kind of nearly black cherry with dark red flesh and juice, -- used chiefly for preserving.

Morendo

Mo*ren"do (?), a. & n. [It.] (Mus.) Dying; a gradual decrescendo at the end of a strain or cadence.

Moreness

More"ness (?), n. Greatness. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Moreover

More*o"ver (?), adv. [More + over.] Beyond what has been said; further; besides; in addition; furthermore; also; likewise.
Moreover, he hath left you all his walks. Shak.
Syn. -- Besides, Moreover. Of the two words, moreover is the stronger and is properly used in solemn discourse, or when what is added is important to be considered. See Besides.

Morepork

More"pork` (?), n. [So named from its cry.] (Zo\'94l.) The Australian crested goatsucker (\'92gotheles Nov\'91-Hollandi\'91). Also applied to other allied birds, as Podargus Cuveiri.

Moresk

Mo*resk" (?), a. & n. Moresque. [Obs.]

Moresque

Mo*resque" (?), a. [F., fr. It. moresco, or Sp. morisco. See Morris.] Of or pertaining to, or in the manner or style of, the Moors; Moorish. -- n. The Moresque style of architecture or decoration. See Moorish architecture, under Moorish. [Written also mauresque.]

Morganatic

Mor`ga*nat"ic (?), a. [LL. matrimonium ad morganaticam, fr. morganatica a morning gift, a kind of dowry paid on the morning before or after the marriage, fr. OHG. morgan morning, in morgangeba morning gift, G. morgengabe. See Morn.] Pertaining to, in the manner of, or designating, a kind of marriage, called also left-handed marriage, between a man of superior rank and a woman of inferior, in which it is stipulated that neither the latter nor her children shall enjoy the rank or inherit the possessions of her husband. Brande & C. -- Mor`ga*nat"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

Morgay

Mor"gay (?), n. [W. morgi dogfish, shark; mor sea + ci dog.] (Zo\'94l.) The European small-spotted dogfish, or houndfish. See the Note under Houndfish.

Morglay

Mor"glay (?), n. [Cf. Claymore.] A sword. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Morgue

Morgue (?), n. [F.] A place where the bodies of persons found dead are exposed, that they may be identified, or claimed by their friends; a deadhouse.

Moria

Mo"ri*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Idiocy; imbecility; fatuity; foolishness.

Morian

Mo"ri*an (?), n. (Ethnol.) A Moor. [Obs.]
In vain the Turks and Morians armed be. Fairfax.

Moribund

Mor"i*bund (?), a. [L. moribundus, from moriri to die. See Mortal.] In a dying state; dying; at the point of death.
The patient was comatose and moribund. Copland.

Moribund

Mor"i*bund (?), n. A dying person. [R.]

Moric

Mo"ric (?), a. Pertaining to, or derived from, fustic (see Morin); as, moric acid.

Morice

Mor"ice (?), n. See Morisco.

Morigerate

Mo*rig"er*ate (?), a. [L. morigeratus, p.p. of morigerari to comply with. See Morigerous.] Obedient. [Obs.]

Morigeration

Mo*rig`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. morigeratio.] Obsequiousness; obedience. [Obs.] Evelyn.

Morigerous

Mo*rig"er*ous (?), a. [L. morigerus; oss, moris, custom, manner + gerere to bear, conduct.] Obedient; obsequious. [Obs.] Brathwait.

Moril

Mor"il (?), n. [F. morille; cf. OHG. morhila, G. morchel, OHG. morha carrot. See More a root.] (Bot.) An edible fungus. Same as 1st Morel.

Morin

Mo"rin (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow crystalline substance of acid properties extracted from fustic (Maclura tinctoria, formerly called Morus tinctoria); -- called also moric acid.

Morinda

Mo*rin"da (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of rubiaceous trees and shrubs, mostly East Indian, many species of which yield valuable red and yellow dyes. The wood is hard and beautiful, and used for gunstocks.

Morindin

Mo*rin"din (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow dyestuff extracted from the root bark of an East Indian plant (Morinda citrifolia).

Morinel

Mor"i*nel` (?), n. [Cf. F. morinelle.] (Zo\'94l.) The dotterel.

Moringa

Mo*rin"ga (?), n. [Malayam murunggi.] (Bot.) A genus of trees of Southern India and Northern Africa. One species (Moringa pterygosperma) is the horse-radish tree, and its seeds, as well as those of M. aptera, are known in commerce as ben or ben nuts, and yield the oil called oil of ben.

Moringic

Mo*rin"gic (?), a. (Chem.) Designating an organic acid obtained from oil of ben. See Moringa.

Morintannic

Mo`rin*tan"nic (?), a. [NL. Morus fustic + E. tannic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a variety of tannic acid extracted from fustic (Maclura, formerly Morus, tinctoria) as a yellow crystalline substance; -- called also maclurin.

Morion

Mo"ri*on (?), n. [F. morion, Sp. morrion; cf. Sp. morra the upper part of the head, morro anything that is round.] A kind of open helmet, without visor or beaver, and somewhat resembling a hat.
A battered morion on his brow. Sir W. Scott.

Morion

Mo"ri*on, n. [G.] (Min.) A dark variety of smoky quartz.

Morioplasty

Mo"ri*o*plas`ty (?), n. [Gr. -plasty.] (Surg.) The restoration of lost parts of the body.
Page 945

Morisco

Mo*ris"co (?), a. [Sp. See Morris the dance.] Moresque.

Morisco

Mo*ris"co, n. [Sp. morisco Moorish.] A thing of Moorish origin; as: (a) The Moorish language. (b) A Moorish dance, now called morris dance. Marston. (c) One who dances the Moorish dance. Shak. (d) Moresque decoration or architecture.

Morisk

Mo"risk (?), n. Same as Morisco.

Morkin

Mor"kin (?), n. [Akin to Sw. murken putrefied, Icel. morkinn putrid.] A beast that has died of disease or by mischance. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Morland

Mor"land (?), n. Moorland. [Obs.]

Morling

Mor"ling (?), n. [Cf. F. mort dead, L. mortuus, fr. moriri to die.] Mortling. [Eng.] Ainsworth.

Mormal

Mor"mal (?), n. [F. mort-mai a deadly evil. Nares.] A bad sore; a gangrene; a cancer. [Obs.] [Written also morrimal and mortmal.] Chaucer.

Mormo

Mor"mo (?), n. [Gr. mormw` a hideous she-monster, a bugbear.] A bugbear; false terror. [Obs.] Jonhson.

Mormon

Mor"mon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A genus of sea birds, having a large, thick bill; the puffin. (b) The mandrill.

Mormon

Mor"mon (?), n. (Eccl.) One of a sect in the United States, followers of Joseph Smith, who professed to have found an addition to the Bible, engraved on golden plates, called the Book of Mormon, first published in 1830. The Mormons believe in polygamy, and their hierarchy of apostles, etc., has control of civil and religious matters. &hand; The Mormons call their religious organization The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Its head claims to receive revelations of God's will, and to have certain supernatural powers.

Mormon

Mor"mon, a. Of or pertaining to the Mormons; as, the Mormon religion; Mormon practices.

Mormondom

Mor"mon*dom (?), n. The country inhabited by the Mormons; the Mormon people.

Mormonism

Mor"mon*ism (?), n. The doctrine, system, and practices of the Mormons.

Mormonite

Mor"mon*ite (?), n. A Mormon. -- a. Mormon. "Mormonite religion." F. W. Newman.

Morn

Morn (?), n. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. ma\'a3rgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.] The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry.
From morn To noun he fell, from noon to dewy eve. Milton.

Morne

Mor"ne (?), a. Of or pertaining to the morn; morning. [Obs.] "White as morne milk." Chaucer.

Morne

Morne (?), n. [F., fr. morne sad, sorrowful. See Mourn.] A ring fitted upon the head of a lance to prevent wounding an adversary in titling.

Morn\'82

Mor`n\'82" (?), a. [F., fr. morne a morne.] (Her.) Without teeth, tongue, or claws; -- said of a lion represented heraldically.

Morne

Morne (?), n. [OE. morning, morwening. See Morn.]

1. The first or early part of the day, variously understood as the earliest hours of light, the time near sunrise; the time from midnight to noon, from rising to noon, etc.

2. The first or early part; as, the morning of life.

3. The goddess Aurora. [Poetic] Shak.

Morning

Morn"ing, a. Pertaining to the first part or early part of the day; being in the early part of the day; as, morning dew; morning light; morning service.
She looks as clear As morning roses newly washed with dew. Shak.
Morning gown, a gown worn in the morning before one is dressed for the day. -- Morning gun, a gun fired at the first stroke of reveille at military posts. -- Morning sickness (Med.), nausea and vomiting, usually occurring in the morning; -- a common sign of pregnancy. -- Morning star. (a) Any one of the planets (Venus, Jupiter, Mars, or Saturn) when it precedes the sun in rising, esp. Venus. Cf. Evening star, Evening. (b) Satan. See Lucifer.
Since he miscalled the morning star, Nor man nor fiend hath fallen so far. Byron.
(c) A weapon consisting of a heavy ball set with spikes, either attached to a staff or suspended from one by a chain. -- Morning watch (Naut.), the watch between four A. M. and eight A. M..

Morning-glory

Morn"ing-glo`ry (?), n. (Bot.) A climbing plant (Ipom\'d2a purpurea) having handsome, funnel-shaped flowers, usually red, pink, purple, white, or variegated, sometimes pale blue. See Dextrorsal.

Morningtide

Morn"ing*tide` (?), n. Morning time. [Poetic]

Mornward

Morn"ward (?), adv. Towards the morn. [Poetic]
And mornward now the starry hands move on. Lowell.

Moro

Mo"ro (?), n. [Cf. It. mora mulberry, L. morum.] (Med.) A small abscess or tumor having a resemblance to a mulberry. Dunglison.

Moroccan

Mo*roc"can (?), a. Of or pertaining to Morocco, or its inhabitants.

Morocco

Mo*roc"co (?), n. [Named from Morocco, the country. Cf. Morris the dance.] A fine kind of leather, prepared commonly from goatskin (though an inferior kind is made of sheepskin), and tanned with sumac and dyed of various colors; -- said to have been first made by the Moors.

Morology

Mo*rol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. Foolish talk; nonsense; folly. [Obs.]

Morone

Mo*rone" (?), n. Maroon; the color of an unripe black mulberry.

Morosaurus

Mo`ro*sau"rus (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct genus of large herbivorous dinosaurs, found in Jurassic strata in America.

Morose

Mo*rose" (?), a. [L. morosus, prop., excessively addicted to any particular way or habit, fr. mos, moris, manner, habit, way of life: cf. F. morose.]

1. Of a sour temper; sullen and austere; ill-humored; severe. "A morose and affected taciturnity." I. Watts.

2. Lascivious; brooding over evil thoughts. [Obs.] Syn. -- Sullen; gruff; severe; austere; gloomy; crabbed; crusty; churlish; surly; ill-humored.

Morosely

Mo*rose"ly (?), adv. Sourly; with sullen austerity.

Moroseness

Mo*rose"ness, n. Sourness of temper; sulenness.
Learn good humor, never to oppose without just reason; abate some degrees of pride and moroseness. I. Watts.
&hand; Moroseness is not precisely peevishness or fretfulness, though often accompained with it. It denotes more of silence and severity, or ill-humor, than the irritability or irritation which characterizes peevishness.

Morosis

Mo*ro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Idiocy; fatuity; stupidity.

Morosity

Mo*ros"i*ty (?), n. [L. morositas: cf. F. morosit\'82.] Moroseness. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

Moroshop

Mo"ro*shop (?), n. [Gr. A philosophical or learned fool. [Obs.]

Morosous

Mo*ro"sous (?), a. Morose. [Obs.] Sheldon.

Moroxite

Mo*rox"ite (?), n. [Cf. Gr. (Min.) A variety of apatite of a greenish blue color.

Moroxylate

Mo*rox"y*late (?), n. (Chem.) A morate.

Moroxylic

Mor`ox*yl"ic (?), a. [L. morus a mulberry tree + Gr. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the mulberry; moric.

Morphean

Mor"phe*an (?), a. Of or relating to Morpheus, to dreams, or to sleep. Keats.

Morpheus

Mor"pheus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.) The god of dreams.

Morphew

Mor"phew (?), n. [F. morphe\'82, LL. morphea; cf. It. morfea.] A scurfy eruption. [Obs.] Drayton.

Morphew

Mor"phew, v. t. To cover with a morphew. [Obs.]

Morphia

Mor"phi*a (?), n. [NL.] (Chem.) Morphine.

Morphine

Mor"phine (?), n. [From Morpheus: cf. F. morphine.] (Chem.) A bitter white crystalline alkaloid found in opium, possessing strong narcotic properties, and much used as an anodyne; -- called also morphia, and morphina.

Morphinism

Mor"phin*ism (?), n. (Med.) A morbid condition produced by the excessive or prolonged use of morphine.

Morpho

Mor"pho (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of large, handsome, tropical American butterflies, of the genus Morpho. They are noted for the very brilliant metallic luster and bright colors (often blue) of the upper surface of the wings. The lower surface is usually brown or gray, with eyelike spots.

Morphogeny

Mor*phog"e*ny (?), n. [form + root of (Biol.) History of the evolution of forms; that part of ontogeny that deals with the germ history of forms; -- distinguished from physiogeny. Haeckel.

Morphologic, Morphological

Mor`pho*log"ic (?), Mor`pho*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. morphologique.] (Biol.) Of, pertaining to, or according to, the principles of morphology. -- Mor`pho*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

Morphologist

Mor*phol"o*gist (?), n. (Biol.) One who is versed in the science of morphology.

Morphology

Mor*phol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. morphologie.] (Biol.) That branch of biology which deals with the structure of animals and plants, treating of the forms of organs and describing their varieties, homologies, and metamorphoses. See Tectology, and Promorphology.

Morphon

Mor"phon (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) A morphological individual, characterized by definiteness of form bion, a physiological individual. See Tectology. Haeckel. &hand; Of morphons there are six orders or categories: 1. Plastids or elementary organisms. 2. Organs, homoplastic or heteroplastic. 3. Antimeres (opposite or symmetrical or homotypic parts). 4. Metameres (successive or homodynamous parts). 5. Person\'91 (shoots or buds of plants, individuals in the narrowest sense among the higher animals). 6. Corms (stocks or colonies). For orders 2, 3, and 4 the term idorgan has been recently substituted. See Idorgan.

Morphonomy

Mor*phon"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) The laws of organic formation.

Morphophyly

Mor"pho*phy`ly (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) The tribal history of forms; that part of phylogeny which treats of the tribal history of forms, in distinction from the tribal history of functions. Haeckel.

Morphosis

Mor*pho"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The order or mode of development of an organ or part.

Morphotic

Mor*phot"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Physiol.) Connected with, or becoming an integral part of, a living unit or of the morphological framework; as, morphotic, or tissue, proteids. Foster.

-morphous

-mor"phous (?). [Gr. A combining form denoting form, shape; as, isomorphous.

Morpion

Mor"pi*on (?), n. [F., fr. mordre to bite + L. pedis louse.] (Zo\'94l.) A louse. Hudibras.

Morrice

Mor"rice (?), n. Same as 1st Morris.

Morrice

Mor"rice, a. Dancing the morrice; dancing.
In shoals and bands, a morrice train. Wordsworth.

Morricer

Mor"ri*cer (?), n. A morris dancer. [Obs.]

Morrimal

Mor"ri*mal (?), n. & a. See Mormal.

Morris

Mor"ris (?), n. [Sp. morisco Moorish, fr. Moro a Moor: cf. F. moresque, It. moresca.]

1. A Moorish dance, usually performed by a single dancer, who accompanies the dance with castanets.

2. A dance formerly common in England, often performed in pagenats, processions, and May games. The dancers, grotesquely dressed and ornamented, took the parts of Robin Hood, Maidmarian, and other fictious characters.

3. An old game played with counters, or men, which are placed angles of a figure drawn on a board or on the ground; also, the board or ground on which the game is played.

The nine-men's morris is filled up with mud. Shak.
&hand; The figure consists of three concentric squares, with lines from the angles of the outer one to those of the inner, and from the middle of each side of the outer square to that of the inner. The game is played by two persons with nine or twelve pieces each (hence called nine-men's morris or twelve-men's morris). The pieces are placed alternately, and each player endeavors to prevent his opponent from making a straight row of three. Should either succeed in making a row, he may take up one of his opponent's pieces, and he who takes off all of his opponent's pieces wins the game.

Morris

Mor"ris (?), n. [So called from its discoverer.] (Zo\'94l.) A marine fish having a very slender, flat, transparent body. It is now generally believed to be the young of the conger eel or some allied fish.

Morris-pike

Mor"ris-pike` (?), n. A Moorish pike. [Obs.]

Morrot

Mor"rot (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Marrot.

Morrow

Mor"row (?), n. [OE. morwe, morwen, AS. morgen. See Morn.]

1. Morning. [Obs.] "White as morrow's milk." Bp. Hall.

We loved he by the morwe a sop in wine. Chaucer.

2. The next following day; the day subsequent to any day specified or understood. Lev. vii. 16.

Till this stormy night is gone, And the eternal morrow dawn. Crashaw.

3. The day following the present; to-morrow. Good morrow, good morning; -- a form of salutation. -- To morrow. See To-morrow in the Vocabulary.

Morse

Morse (?), n. [F. morse, Russ. morj'; perh. akin to E. mere lake; cf. Russ. more sea.] (Zo\'94l.) The walrus. See Walrus.

Morse

Morse, n. [L. morsus a biting, a clasp, fr. mordere to bite.] A clasp for fastening garments in front. Fairholt.

Morse alphabet

Morse" al"pha*bet (?). A telegraphic alphabet in very general use, inventing by Samuel F.B.Morse, the inventor of Morse's telegraph. The letters are represented by dots and dashes impressed or printed on paper, as, .- (A), -... (B), -.. (D), . (E), .. (O), ... (R), -- (T), etc., or by sounds, flashes of light, etc., with greater or less intervals between them.

Morsel

Mor"sel (?), n. [OF. morsel, F. morceau, LL. morsellus, a dim. fr. L. morsus a biting, bite, fr. mordere to bite; prob. akin to E. smart. See Smart, and cf. Morceau, Mordant, Muse, v., Muzzle, n.]

1. A little bite or bit of food. Chaucer.

Every morsel to a satisfied hunger is only a new labor to a tired digestion. South.

2. A small quantity; a little piece; a fragment.

Morsing horn

Mor"sing horn` (?). A horn or flask for holding powder, as for priming. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Morsitation

Mor`si*ta"tion (?), n. The act of biting or gnawing. [Obs.]

Morsure

Mor"sure (?), n. [F., fr. L. mordere, morsum, to bite.] The act of biting. Swift.

Mort

Mort (?), n. [Cf. Icel. margt, neut. of margr many.] A great quantity or number. [Prov. Eng.]
There was a mort of merrymaking. Dickens.

Mort

Mort, n. [Etym. uncert.] A woman; a female. [Cant]
Male gypsies all, not a mort among them. B. Jonson.

Mort

Mort, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) A salmon in its third year. [Prov. Eng.]

Mort

Mort, n. [F., death, fr. L. mors, mortis.]

1. Death; esp., the death of game in the chase.

2. A note or series of notes sounded on a horn at the death of game.

The sportsman then sounded a treble mort. Sir W. Scott.

3. The skin of a sheep or lamb that has died of disease. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Mort cloth, the pall spread over a coffin; black cloth indicative or mourning; funeral hangings. Carlyle. -- Mort stone, a large stone by the wayside on which the bearers rest a coffin. [Eng.] H. Taylor.

Mortal

Mor"tal (?), a. [F. mortel, L. mortalis, from mors, mortis, death, fr. moriri 8die; akin to E. murder. See Murder, and cf. Filemot, Mere a lake, Mortgage.]

1. Subject to death; destined to die; as, man is mortal.

2. Destructive to life; causing or occasioning death; terminating life; exposing to or deserving death; deadly; as, a mortal wound; a mortal sin.

3. Fatally vulnerable; vital.

Last of all, against himself he turns his sword, but missing the mortal place, with his poniard finishes the work. Milton.

4. Of or pertaining to the time of death.

Safe in the hand of one disposing Power, Or in the natal or the mortal hour. Pope.

5. Affecting as if with power to kill; deathly.

The nymph grew pale, and in a mortal fright. Dryden.

6. Human; belonging to man, who is mortal; as, mortal wit or knowledge; mortal power.

The voice of God To mortal ear is dreadful. Milton.

7. Very painful or tedious; wearisome; as, a sermon lasting two mortal hours. [Colloq.] Sir W. Scott. Mortal foe, Mortal enemy, an inveterate, desperate, or implacable enemy; a foe bent on one's destruction.

Mortal

Mor"tal, n. A being subject to death; a human being; man. "Warn poor mortals left behind." Tickell.

Mortality

Mor*tal"i*ty (?), n. [L. mortalitas: cf. F. mortalit\'82.]

1. The condition or quality of being mortal; subjection to death or to the necessity of dying.

When I saw her die, I then did think on your mortality. Carew.

2. Human life; the life of a mortal being.

From this instant There 's nothing serious in mortality. Shak.

3. Those who are, or that which is, mortal; the human cace; humanity; human nature.

Take these tears, mortality's relief. Pope.

4. Death; destruction. Shak.

5. The whole sum or number of deaths in a given time or a given community; also, the proportion of deaths to population, or to a specific number of the population; death rate; as, a time of great, or low, mortality; the mortality among the settlers was alarming. Bill of mortality. See under Bill. -- Law of mortality, a mathematical relation between the numbers living at different ages, so that from a given large number of persons alive at one age, it can be computed what number are likely to survive a given number of years. -- Table of mortality, a table exhibiting the average relative number of persons who survive, or who have died, at the end of each year of life, out of a given number supposed to have been born at the same time.


Page 946

Mortalize

Mor"tal*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mortalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mortalizing (?).] To make mortal. [R.]

Mortally

Mor"tal*ly, adv.

1. In a mortal manner; so as to cause death; as, mortally wounded.

2. In the manner of a mortal or of mortal beings.

I was mortally brought forth. Shak.

3. In an extreme degree; to the point of dying or causing death; desperately; as, mortally jealous.

Adrian mortally envied poets, painters, and artificers, in works wherein he had a vein to excel. Bacon.

Mortalness

Mor"tal*ness, n. Quality of being mortal; mortality.

Mortar

Mor"tar (?), n. [OE. morter, AS. mort\'c7re, L. mortarium: cf. F. mortier mortar. Cf. sense 2 (below), also 2d Mortar, Martel, Morter.]

1. A strong vessel, commonly in form of an inverted bell, in which substances are pounded or rubbed with a pestle.

2. [F. mortier, fr. L. mortarium mortar (for trituarating).] (Mil.) A short piece of ordnance, used for throwing bombs, carcasses, shells, etc., at high angles of elevation, as 45°, and even higher; -- so named from its resemblance in shape to the utensil above described. Mortar bed (Mil.), a framework of wood and iron, suitably hollowed out to receive the breech and trunnions of a mortar. -- Mortar boat ∨ vessel (Naut.), a boat strongly built and adapted to carrying a mortar or mortars for bombarding; a bomb ketch. -- Mortar piece, a mortar. [Obs.] Shak.

Mortar

Mor"tar, n. [OE. mortier, F. mortier, L. mortarium mortar, a large basin or trough in which mortar is made, a mortar (in sense 1, above). See 1st Mortar.] (Arch.) A building material made by mixing lime, cement, or plaster of Paris, with sand, water, and sometimes other materials; -- used in masonry for joining stones, bricks, etc., also for plastering, and in other ways. Mortar bed, a shallow box or receptacle in which mortar is mixed. -- Mortar board. (a) A small square board with a handle beneath, for holding mortar; a hawk. (b) A cap with a broad, projecting, square top; -- worn by students in some colleges. [Slang]<-- now worn usually only at graduation time -->

Mortar

Mor"tar, v. t. To plaster or make fast with mortar.

Mortar

Mor"tar (?), n. [F. mortier. See Mortar a vessel.] A chamber lamp or light. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mortgage

Mort"gage (?), n. [F. mort-gage; mort dead (L. mortuus) + gage pledge. See Mortal, and Gage.]

1. (Law) A conveyance of property, upon condition, as security for the payment of a debt or the preformance of a duty, and to become void upon payment or performance according to the stipulated terms; also, the written instrument by which the conveyance is made. &hand; It was called a mortgage (or dead pledge) because, whatever profit it might yield, it did not thereby redeem itself, but became lost or dead to the mortgager upon breach of the condition. But in equity a right of redemption is an inseparable incident of a mortgage until the mortgager is debarred by his own laches, or by judicial decree. Cowell. Kent.

2. State of being pledged; as, lands given in mortgage. Chattel mortgage. See under Chattel. -- To foreclose a mortgage. See under Foreclose. -- Mortgage deed (Law), a deed given by way of mortgage.

Mortgage

Mort"gage, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mortgaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mortgaging (?).]

1. (Law) To grant or convey, as property, for the security of a debt, or other engagement, upon a condition that if the debt or engagement shall be discharged according to the contract, the conveyance shall be void, otherwise to become absolute, subject, however, to the right of redemption.

2. Hence: To pledge, either literally or figuratively; to make subject to a claim or obligation.

Mortgaging their lives to covetise. Spenser.
I myself an mortgaged to thy will. Shak.

Mortgagee

Mort`ga*gee" (?), n. (Law) The person to whom property is mortgaged, or to whom a mortgage is made or given.

Mortgageor, Mortgagor

Mort"gage*or, Mort"ga*gor (?), n. (Law) One who gives a mortgage. &hand; The letter e is required analogically after the second g in order to soften it; but the spelling mortgagor is in fact the prevailing form. When the word is contradistinguished from mortgagee it is accented on the last syllable (

Mortgager

Mort"ga*ger (?), n. (Law) gives a mortgage.

Mortiferous

Mor"tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. mortifier; mors, mortis, death + ferre to bring: cf. F. mortif\'8are.] Bringing or producing death; deadly; destructive; as, a mortiferous herb. Gov. of Tongue.

Mortification

Mor`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. mortificatio a killing. See Mortify.]

1. The act of mortifying, or the condition of being mortified; especially: (a) (Med.) The death of one part of an animal body, while the rest continues to live; loss of vitality in some part of a living animal; gangrene. Dunglison. (b) (Alchem. & Old Chem.) Destruction of active qualities; neutralization. [Obs.] Bacon. (c) Subjection of the passions and appetites, by penance, absistence, or painful severities inflicted on the body.

The mortification of our lusts has something in it that is troublesome, yet nothing that is unreasonable. Tillotson.
(d) Hence: Deprivation or depression of self-approval; abatement or pride; humiliation; chagrin; vexation.
We had the mortification to lose sight of Munich, Augsburg, and Ratisbon. Addison.

2. That which mortifies; the cause of humiliation, chagrin, or vexation.

It is one of the vexatious mortifications of a studious man to have his thoughts discovered by a tedious visit. L'Estrange.

3. (Scots Law) A gift to some charitable or religious institution; -- nearly synonymous with mortmain. Syn. -- Chagrin; vexation; shame. See Chagrin.

Mortified

Mor"ti*fied (?), imp. & p. p. of Mortify.

Mortifiedness

Mor"ti*fied*ness (?), n. The state of being mortified; humiliation; subjection of the passions. [R.]

Mortifier

Mor"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who, or that which, mortifies.

Mortify

Mor"ti*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mortified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mortifying (?).] [OE. mortifien, F. mortifier, fr. L. mortificare; L. mors, mortis, death + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Mortal, and -fy.]

1. To destroy the organic texture and vital functions of; to produce gangrene in.

2. To destroy the active powers or essential qualities of; to change by chemical action. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Quicksilver is mortified with turpentine. Bacon.
He mortified pearls in vinegar. Hakewill.

3. To deaden by religious or other discipline, as the carnal affections, bodily appetites, or worldly desires; to bring into subjection; to abase; to humble.

With fasting mortified, worn out with tears. Harte.
Mortify thy learned lust. Prior.
Mortify, rherefore, your members which are upon the earth. Col. iii. 5.

4. To affect with vexation, chagrin, or humiliation; to humble; to depress.

The news of the fatal battle of Worcester, which exceedingly mortified our expectations. Evelyn.
How often is the ambitious man mortified with the very praises he receives, if they do not rise so high as he thinks they ought! Addison.

Mortify

Mor"ti*fy, v. i.

1. To lose vitality and organic structure, as flesh of a living body; to gangrene.

2. To practice penance from religious motives; to deaden desires by religious discipline.

This makes him ... give alms of all that he hath, watch, fast, and mortify. Law.

3. To be subdued; to decay, as appetites, desires, etc.

Mortifying

Mor"ti*fy`ing (?), a.

1. Tending to mortify; affected by, or having symptoms of, mortification; as, a mortifying wound; mortifying flesh.

2. Subduing the appetites, desires, etc.; as, mortifying penances.

3. Tending to humble or abase; humiliating; as, a mortifying repulse.

Mortifyingly

Mor"ti*fy`ing*ly, adv. In a mortifying manner.

Mortise

Mor"tise (?), n. [F. mortaise; cf. Sp. mortaja, Ar. murtazz fixed, or W. mortais, Ir. mortis, moirtis, Gael. moirteis.] A cavity cut into a piece of timber, or other material, to receive something (as the end of another piece) made to fit it, and called a tenon. Mortise and tenon (Carp.), made with a mortise and tenon; joined or united by means of a mortise and tenon; -- used adjectively. -- Mortise joint, a joint made by a mortise and tenon. -- Mortise lock. See under Lock. -- Mortise wheel, a cast-iron wheel, with wooden clogs inserted in mortises on its face or edge; -- also called mortise gear, and core gear.

Mortise

Mor"tise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mortised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mortising.]

1. To cut or make a mortisein.

2. To join or fasten by a tenon and mortise; as, to mortise a beam into a post, or a joist into a girder.

Mortling

Mort"ling (?), n. [See Morling.]

1. An animal, as a sheep, dead of disease or privation; a mortling. [Eng.]

2. Wool plucked from a dead sheep; morling.

Mortmain

Mort"main` (?), n. [F. mort, morte, dead + main hand; F. main-morte. See Mortal, and Manual.] (Law) Possession of lands or tenements in, or conveyance to, dead hands, or hands that cannot alienate. &hand; The term was originally applied to conveyance of land made to ecclesiastical bodies; afterward to conveyance made to any corporate body. Burrill.

Mortmal

Mort"mal (?), n. See Mormal. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Mortpay

Mort"pay` (?), n. [F. mort dead + E. pay.] Dead pay; the crime of taking pay for the service of dead soldiers, or for services not actually rendered by soldiers. [Obs.] Bacon.

Mortress, Mortrew

Mor"tress (?), Mor"trew (?), n. [See Mortar.] A dish of meats and other ingredients, cooked together; an ollapodrida. Chaucer. Bacon.

Mortuary

Mor"tu*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Mortuaries (#). [LL. mortuarium. See Mortuary, a.]

1. A sort of ecclesiastical heriot, a customary gift claimed by, and due to, the minister of a parish on the death of a parishioner. It seems to have been originally a voluntary bequest or donation, intended to make amends for any failure in the payment of tithes of which the deceased had been guilty.

2. A burial place; a place for the dead.

3. A place for the reception of the dead before burial; a deadhouse; a morgue.<-- a funeral home -->

Mortuary

Mor"tu*a*ry (?), a. [L. mortuarius, fr. mortuus dead: cf. F. mortuaire. See Mortal.] Of or pertaining to the dead; as, mortuary monuments. Mortuary urn, an urn for holding the ashes of the dead.

Morula

Mor"u*la (?), n.; pl. Morul\'91 (#). [NL., dim. of L. morum a mulberry.] (Biol.) The sphere or globular mass of cells (blastomeres), formed by the clevage of the ovum or egg in the first stages of its development; -- called also mulberry mass, segmentation sphere, and blastosphere. See Segmentation.

Morulation

Mor`u*la"tion (?), n. (Biol.) The process of cleavage, or segmentation, of the ovum, by which a morula is formed.

Morus

Mo"rus (?), n. [L., mulberry tree. See Mulberry.] (Bot.) A genus of trees, some species of which produce edible fruit; the mulberry. See Mulberry. &hand; Morus alba is the white mulberry, a native of India or China, the leaves of which are extensively used for feeding silkworms, for which it furnishes the chief food. -- Morus multicaulis, the many-stemmed or Chinese mulberry, is only a form of white mulberry, preferred on account of its more abundant leaves. -- Morus nigra, the black mulberry, produces a dark-colored fruit, of an agreeable flavor.

Morwe

Mor"we (?), n. See Morrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Morwening

Mor"wen*ing (?), n. Morning. [Obs.]

Mosaic

Mo*sa"ic (?), n. [F. mosa\'8bque; cf. Pr. mozaic, musec, Sp. & Pg. mosaico, It. mosaico, musaico, LGr. musivum; all fr. Gr. Muse the goddess.]

1. (Fine Arts) A surface decoration made by inlaying in patterns small pieces of variously colored glass, stone, or other material; -- called also mosaic work.

2. A picture or design made in mosaic; an article decorated in mosaic.

Mosaic

Mo*sa"ic, a. Of or pertaining to the style of work called mosaic; formed by uniting pieces of different colors; variegated; tessellated; also, composed of various materials or ingredients.
A very beautiful mosaic pavement. Addison.
Florentine mosaic. See under Florentine. -- Mosaic gold. (a) See Ormolu. -- (b) Stannic sulphide, SnS2, obtained as a yellow scaly crystalline powder, and used as a pigment in bronzing and gilding wood and metal work. It was called by the alchemists aurum musivum, or aurum mosaicum. Called also bronze powder. -- Mosaic work. See Mosaic, n.

Mosaic

Mo*sa"ic, a. [From Moses.] Of or pertaining to Moses, the leader of the Israelites, or established through his agency; as, the Mosaic law, rites, or institutions.

Mosaical

Mo*sa"ic*al (?), a. Mosaic (in either sense). "A mosaical floor." Sir P. Sidney.

Mosaically

Mo*sa"ic*al*ly, adv. In the manner of a mosaic.

Mosaism

Mo"sa*ism (?), n. Attachment to the system or doctrines of Moses; that which is peculiar to the Mosaic system or doctrines.

Mosasaur, Mosasaurian

Mos"a*saur (?), Mos`a*sau"ri*an (?), n. (Paleon.) One of an extinct order of reptiles, including Mosasaurus and allied genera. See Mosasauria.

Mosasauria

Mos`a*sau"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Mosasaurus.] (Paleon.) An order of large, extinct, marine reptiles, found in the Cretaceous rocks, especially in America. They were serpentlike in form and in having loosely articulated and dilatable jaws, with large recurved tteth, but they had paddlelike feet. Some of them were over fifty feet long. They are, essentially, fossil sea serpents with paddles. Called also Pythonomarpha, and Mosasauria.

Mosasaurus

Mos`a*sau"rus (?), n. [NL., fr. L. Mosa the River Meuse (on which Meastricht is situated) + Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of extinct marine reptiles allied to the lizards, but having the body much elongated, and the limbs in the form of paddles. The first known species, nearly fifty feet in length, was discovered in Cretaceous beds near Maestricht, in the Netherlands. [Written also Mososaurus.]

Moschatel

Mos"cha*tel` (?), n. [Gr. moscatelline. See Muscadel, Musk.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Adoxa (A. moschatellina), the flowers of which are pale green, and have a faint musky smell. It is found in woods in all parts of Europe, and is called also hollow root and musk crowfoot. Loudon.

Moschine

Mos"chine (?), a. Of or pertaining to Moschus, a genus including the musk deer.

Mosel

Mos"el (?), n. & v. See Muzzle. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Moselle

Mo*selle" (?), n. A light wine, usually white, produced in the vicinity of the river Moselle.

Moses

Mo"ses (?), n. A large flatboat, used in the West Indies for taking freight from shore to ship.

Mosk

Mosk (?), n. See Mosque.

Moslem

Mos"lem (?), n.; pl. Moslems (#), or collectively Moslem. [Ar. muslim a true believer in the Mohammedan faith, fr. salama to submit to God, to resign one's self to the divine will. Cf. Islam, Mussulman.] A Mussulman; an orthodox Mohammedan. [Written also muslim.] "Heaps of slaughtered Moslem." Macaulay.
They piled the ground with Moslem slain. Halleck.

Page 947

Moslem

Mos"lem (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Mohammedans; Mohammedan; as, Moslem lands; the Moslem faith.

Moslings

Mos"lings (?), n. pl. Thin shreds of leather shaved off in dressing skins. Simmonds.

Mososaurus

Mos`o*sau"rus (?), n. [NL.] (Paleon.) Same as Mosasaurus.

Mosque

Mosque (?), n. [F. mosqu\'82e, Sp. mezquita, Ar. masjid, from sajada to bend, adore.] A Mohammedan church or place of religious worship. [Written also mosk.]

Mosquito

Mos*qui"to (?), n.; pl. Mosquitoes (#). [Sp. mosquito, fr. moscafly, L. musca. Cf. Musket.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of various species of gnats of the genus Culex and allied genera. The females have a proboscis containing, within the sheathlike labium, six fine, sharp, needlelike organs with which they puncture the skin of man and animals to suck the blood. These bites, when numerous, cause, in many persons, considerable irritation and swelling, with some pain. The larv\'91 and pup\'91, called wigglers, are aquatic. [Written also musquito.] Mosquito bar, Mosquito net, a net or curtain for excluding mosquitoes, -- used for beds and windows. -- Mosquito fleet, a fleet of small vessels. -- Mosquito hawk (Zo\'94l.), a dragon fly; -- so called because it captures and feeds upon mosquitoes. -- Mosquito netting, a loosely-woven gauzelike fabric for making mosquito bars.

Moss

Moss (?), n. [OE. mos; akin to AS. me\'a2s, D. mos, G. moos, OHG. mos, mios, Icel. mosi, Dan. mos, Sw. mossa, Russ. mokh', L. muscus. Cf. Muscoid.]

1. (Bot.) A cryptogamous plant of a cellular structure, with distinct stem and simple leaves. The fruit is a small capsule usually opening by an apical lid, and so discharging the spores. There are many species, collectively termed Musci, growing on the earth, on rocks, and trunks of trees, etc., and a few in running water. &hand; The term moss is also popularly applied to many other small cryptogamic plants, particularly lichens, species of which are called tree moss, rock moss, coral moss, etc. Fir moss and club moss are of the genus Lycopodium. See Club moss, under Club, and Lycopodium.

2. A bog; a morass; a place containing peat; as, the mosses of the Scottish border. &hand; Moss is used with participles in the composition of words which need no special explanation; as, moss-capped, moss-clad, moss-covered, moss-grown, etc. Black moss. See under Black, and Tillandsia. -- Bog moss. See Sphagnum. -- Feather moss, any moss branched in a feathery manner, esp. several species of the genus Hypnum. -- Florida moss, Long moss, ∨ Spanish moss. See Tillandsia. -- Iceland moss, a lichen. See Iceland Moss. -- Irish moss, a seaweed. See Carrageen. -- Moss agate (Min.), a variety of agate, containing brown, black, or green mosslike or dendritic markings, due in part to oxide of manganese. Called also Mocha stone. -- Moss animal (Zo\'94l.), a bryozoan. -- Moss berry (Bot.), the small cranberry (Vaccinium Oxycoccus). -- Moss campion (Bot.), a kind of mosslike catchfly (Silene acaulis), with mostly purplish flowers, found on the highest mountains of Europe and America, and within the Arctic circle. -- Moss land, land produced accumulation of aquatic plants, forming peat bogs of more or less consistency, as the water is grained off or retained in its pores. -- Moss pink (Bot.), a plant of the genus Phlox (P. subulata), growing in patches on dry rocky hills in the Middle United States, and often cultivated for its handsome flowers. Gray. -- Moss rose (Bot.), a variety of rose having a mosslike growth on the stalk and calyx. It is said to be derived from the Provence rose. -- Moss rush (Bot.), a rush of the genus Juncus (J. squarrosus). -- Scale moss. See Hepatica.

Moss

Moss, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mossed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mossing.] To cover or overgrow with moss.
An oak whose boughs were mossed with age. Shak.

Mossback

Moss"back` (?), n. A veteran partisan; one who is so conservative in opinion that he may be likened to a stone or old tree covered with moss. [Political Slang, U.S.]

Mossbanker, Mossbunker

Moss"bank`er (?), Moss"bunk`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The menhaded.

Moss-grown

Moss"-grown` (?), a. Overgrown with moss.

Mossiness

Moss"i*ness (?), n. The state of being mossy.

Mosstrooper

Moss"troop`er (?), n. [Moss + trooper.] One of a class of marauders or bandits that formerly infested the border country between England and Scotland; -- so called in allusion to the mossy or boggy character of much of the border country.

Mossy

Moss"y (?), a. [Compar. Mossier (?); superl. Mossiest.]

1. Overgrown with moss; abounding with or edged with moss; as, mossy trees; mossy streams.

Old trees are more mossy far than young. Bacon.

2. Resembling moss; as, mossy green.

Most

Most (?), a., superl. of More. [OE. most, mast, mest, AS. m; akin to D. meest, OS. m\'c7st, G. meist, Icel. mestr, Goth. maists; a superl. corresponding to E. more. \'fb103. See More, a.]

1. Consisting of the greatest number or quantity; greater in number or quantity than all the rest; nearly all. "Most men will proclaim every one his own goodness." Prov. xx. 6.

The cities wherein most of his mighty works were done. Matt. xi. 20.

2. Greatest in degree; as, he has the most need of it. "In the moste pride." Chaucer.

3. Highest in rank; greatest. [Obs.] Chaucer. &hand; Most is used as a noun, the words part, portion, quantity, etc., being omitted, and has the following meanings: 1. The greatest value, number, or part; preponderating portion; highest or chief part. 2. The utmost; greatest possible amount, degree, or result; especially in the phrases to make the most of, at the most, at most.

A quarter of a year or some months at the most. Bacon.
A covetous man makes the most of what he has. L'Estrange.
For the most part, in reference to the larger part of a thing, or to the majority of the persons, instances, or things referred to; as, human beings, for the most part, are superstitious; the view, for the most part, was pleasing. -- Most an end, generally. See An end, under End, n. [Obs.] "She sleeps most an end." Massinger.

Most

Most, adv. [AS. m&aemac;st. See Most, a.] In the greatest or highest degree.
Those nearest to this king, and most his favorites, were courtiers and prelates. Milton.
&hand; Placed before an adjective or adverb, most is used to form the superlative degree, being equivalent to the termination -est; as, most vile, most wicked; most illustrious; most rapidly. Formerly, and until after the Elizabethan period of our literature, the use of the double superlative was common. See More, adv.
The most unkindest cut of all. Shak.
The most straitest sect of our religion. Acts xxvi. 5.

Mostahiba

Mos`ta*hi"ba (?), n. See Mustaiba.

Moste

Mos"te (?), obs.imp. of Mote. Chaucer.

Mostic, Mostick

Mos"tic, Mos"tick (?), n. [See Maul-stick.] A painter's maul-stick.

Mostly

Most"ly (?), adv. For the greatest part; for the most part; chiefly; in the main.

Mostra

Mos"tra (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) See Direct, n.

Mostwhat

Most"what` (?), adv. For the most part. [Obs.] "All the rest do mostwhat far amiss." Spenser.

Mot

Mot (?), v. [Sing. pres. ind. Mot, Mote, Moot (, pl. Mot, Mote, Moote, pres. subj. Mote; imp. Moste.] [See Must, v.] [Obs.] May; must; might.
He moot as well say one word as another Chaucer.
The wordes mote be cousin to the deed. Chaucer.
Men moot [i.e., one only] give silver to the poore freres. Chaucer.
So mote it be, so be it; amen; -- a phrase in some rituals, as that of the Freemasons.

Mot

Mot (?), n. [F. See Motto.]

1. A word; hence, a motto; a device. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Tarquin's eye may read the mot afar. Shak.

2. A pithy or witty saying; a witticism. [A Gallicism]

Here and there turns up a ... savage mot. N. Brit. Rev.

3. A note or brief strain on a bugle. Sir W. Scott.

Motccil

Mot"c*cil (?), n. [Cf. F. motacille.] (Zo\'94l.) Any singing bird of the genus Motacilla; a wagtail.

Motation

Mo*ta"tion (?), n. [L. motare, motatum, to keep moving.] The act of moving; motion. [Obs.]

Mote

Mote (?), v. See 1st Mot. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mote

Mote, n. [See Moot, a meeting.] [Obs., except in a few combinations or phrases.]

1. A meeting of persons for discussion; as, a wardmote in the city of London.

2. A body of persons who meet for discussion, esp. about the management of affairs; as, a folkmote.

3. A place of meeting for discussion. Mote bell, the bell rung to summon to a mote. [Obs.]

Mote

Mote, n. The flourish sounded on a horn by a huntsman. See Mot, n., 3, and Mort. Chaucer.

Mote

Mote, n. [OE. mot, AS. mot.] A small particle, as of floating dust; anything proverbially small; a speck.
The little motes in the sun do ever stir, though there be no wind. Bacon.
We are motes in the midst of generations. Landor.

Moted

Mot"ed (?), a. Filled with motes, or fine floating dust; as, the air. "Moted sunbeams." Tennyson.

Motet

Mo*tet" (?), n. [F., a dim. of mot word; cf. It. mottetto, dim. of motto word, device. See Mot, Motto.] (Mus.) A composition adapted to sacred words in the elaborate polyphonic church style; an anthem.

Moth

Moth (m&ocr;th), n. A mote. [Obs.] Shak.

Moth

Moth, n.; pl. Moths (m&ocr;thz). [OE. mothe, AS. mo&edh;&edh;e; akin to D. mot, G. motte, Icel. motti, and prob. to E. mad an earthworm. Cf. Mad, n., Mawk.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any nocturnal lepidopterous insect, or any not included among the butterflies; as, the luna moth; Io moth; hawk moth.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any lepidopterous insect that feeds upon garments, grain, etc.; as, the clothes moth; grain moth; bee moth. See these terms under Clothes, Grain, etc.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of various other insects that destroy woolen and fur goods, etc., esp. the larv\'91 of several species of beetles of the genera Dermestes and Anthrenus. Carpet moths are often the larv\'91 of Anthrenus. See Carpet beetle, under Carpet, Dermestes, Anthrenus.

4. Anything which gradually and silently eats, consumes, or wastes any other thing. Moth blight (Zo\'94l.), any plant louse of the genus Aleurodes, and related genera. They are injurious to various plants. -- Moth gnat (Zo\'94l.), a dipterous insect of the genus Bychoda, having fringed wings. -- Moth hunter (Zo\'94l.), the goatsucker. -- Moth miller (Zo\'94l.), a clothes moth. See Miller, 3, (a). -- Moth mullein (Bot.), a common herb of the genus Verbascum (V. Blattaria), having large wheel-shaped yellow or whitish flowers.

Moth-eat

Moth"-eat` (?), v. t. To eat or prey upon, as a moth eats a garment. [Rarely used except in the form moth-eaten, p.p. or a.]
Ruin and neglect have so moth-eaten her. Sir T. Herbert.

Mothen

Moth"en (?), a. Full of moths. [Obs.] Fulke.

Mother

Moth"er (?), n. [OE. moder, AS. m\'d3dor; akin to D. moeder, OS. m\'d3dar, G. mutter, OHG. muotar, Icel. m\'d3&edh;ir, Dan. & Sw. moder, OSlav. mati, Russ. mate, Ir. & Gael. mathair, L. mater, Gr. mh`thr, Skr. m\'bet&rsdot;; cf. Skr. m\'be to measure. \'fb268. Cf. Material, Matrix, Metropolis, Father.]

1. A female parent; especially, one of the human race; a woman who has borne a child.

2. That which has produced or nurtured anything; source of birth or origin; generatrix.

Alas! poor country! ... it can not Be called our mother, but our grave. Shak.
I behold ... the solitary majesty of Crete, mother of a religion, it is said, that lived two thousand years. Landor.

3. An old woman or matron. [Familiar]

4. The female superior or head of a religious house, as an abbess, etc.

5. Hysterical passion; hysteria. [Obs.] Shak. Mother Carey's chicken (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of small petrels, as the stormy petrel (Procellaria pelagica), and Leach's petrel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa), both of the Atlantic, and O. furcata of the North Pacific. -- Mother Carey's goose (Zo\'94l.), the giant fulmar of the Pacific. See Fulmar. -- Mother's mark (Med.), a congenital mark upon the body; a n\'91vus.

Mother

Moth"er, a. Received by birth or from ancestors; native, natural; as, mother language; also acting the part, or having the place of a mother; producing others; originating.
It is the mother falsehood from which all idolatry is derived. T. Arnold.
Mother cell (Biol.), a cell which, by endogenous divisions, gives rise to other cells (daughter cells); a parent cell. -- Mother church, the original church; a church from which other churches have sprung; as, the mother church of a diocese. -- Mother country, the country of one's parents or ancestors; the country from which the people of a colony derive their origin. -- Mother liquor (Chem.), the impure or complex residual solution which remains after the salts readily or regularly crystallizing have been removed. -- Mother queen, the mother of a reigning sovereign; a queen mother. -- Mother tongue. (a) A language from which another language has had its origin. (b) The language of one's native land; native tongue. -- Mother water. See Mother liquor (above). -- Mother wit, natural or native wit or intelligence.

Mother

Moth"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mothered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mothering.] To adopt as a son or daughter; to perform the duties of a mother to.
The queen, to have put lady Elizabeth besides the crown, would have mothered another body's child. Howell.

Mother

Moth"er, n. [Akin to D. modder mud, G. moder mold, mud, Dan. mudder mud, and to E. mud. See Mud.] A film or membrane which is developed on the surface of fermented alcoholic liquids, such as vinegar, wine, etc., and acts as a means of conveying the oxygen of the air to the alcohol and other combustible principles of the liquid, thus leading to their oxidation. &hand; The film is composed of a mass of rapidly developing micro\'94rganisms of the genus Mycoderma, and in the mother of vinegar the micro\'94rganisms (Mycoderma aceti) composing the film are the active agents in the Conversion of the alcohol into vinegar. When thickened by growth, the film may settle to the bottom of the fluid. See Acetous fermentation, under Fermentation.

Mother

Moth"er, v. i. To become like, or full of, mother, or thick matter, as vinegar.

Mothered

Moth"ered (?), a. Thick, like mother; viscid.
They oint their naked limbs with mothered oil. Dryden.

Motherhood

Moth"er*hood (?), n. The state of being a mother; the character or office of a mother.

Mothering

Moth"er*ing, n. A rural custom in England, of visiting one's parents on Midlent Sunday, -- supposed to have been originally visiting the mother church to make offerings at the high altar.

Mother-in-law

Moth"er-in-law` (?), n. The mother of one's husband or wife.

Motherland

Moth"er*land` (?), n. The country of one's ancestors; -- same as fatherland.

Motherless

Moth"er*less, a. [AS. m\'d3dorle\'a0s.] Destitute of a mother; having lost a mother; as, motherless children.

Motherliness

Moth"er*li*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being motherly.

Motherly

Moth"er*ly, a. [AS. m\'d3dorlic.] Of or pertaining to a mother; like, or suitable for, a mother; tender; maternal; as, motherly authority, love, or care. Hooker. Syn. -- Maternal; paternal. -- Motherly, Maternal. Motherly, being Anglo-Saxon, is the most familiar word of the two when both have the same meaning. Besides this, maternal is confined to the feelings of a mother toward her own children, whereas motherly has a secondary sense, denoting a care like that of a mother for her offspring. There is, perhaps, a growing tendency thus to separate the two, confining motherly to the latter signification. "They termed her the great mother, for her motherly care in cherishing her brethren whilst young." Sir W. Raleigh.

Motherly

Moth"er*ly, adv. In a manner of a mother.

Mother-naked

Moth"er-na`ked (?), a. Naked as when born.

Mother-of-pearl

Moth"er-of-pearl` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The hard pearly internal layer of several kinds of shells, esp. of pearl oysters, river mussels, and the abalone shells; nacre. See Pearl.

Mother-of-thyme

Moth"er-of-thyme` (?), n. (Bot.) An aromatic plant (Thymus Serphyllum); -- called also wild thyme.

Motherwort

Moth"er*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A labiate herb (Leonurus Cardiaca), of a bitter taste, used popularly in medicine; lion's tail. (b) The mugwort. See Mugwort.
Page 948

Mothery

Moth"er*y (?), a. Consisting of, containing, or resembling, mother (in vinegar).

Mothy

Moth"y (?), a. Infested with moths; moth-eaten. "An old mothy saddle." Shak.

Motif

Mo"tif (?), n. [F.] Motive.

Motific

Mo*tif"ic (?), a. [L. motus motion (fr. movere to move) + facere to make.] Producing motion. [R.]

Motile

Mo"tile (?), a. [See Motive.]

1. (Biol.) Having powers of self-motion, though unconscious; as, the motile spores of certain seaweeds.

2. Producing motion; as, motile powers.

Motility

Mo*til"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. motilit\'82.] (Physiol.) Capability of motion; contractility.

Motion

Mo"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. motio, fr. movere, motum, to move. See Move.]

1. The act, process, or state of changing place or position; movement; the passing of a body from one place or position to another, whether voluntary or involuntary; -- opposed to rest.

Speaking or mute, all comeliness and grace attends thee, and each word, each motion, forms. Milton.

2. Power of, or capacity for, motion.

Devoid of sense and motion. Milton.

3. Direction of movement; course; tendency; as, the motion of the planets is from west to east.

In our proper motion we ascend. Milton.

4. Change in the relative position of the parts of anything; action of a machine with respect to the relative movement of its parts.

This is the great wheel to which the clock owes its motion. Dr. H. More.

5. Movement of the mind, desires, or passions; mental act, or impulse to any action; internal activity.

Let a good man obey every good motion rising in his heart, knowing that every such motion proceeds from God. South.

6. A proposal or suggestion looking to action or progress; esp., a formal proposal made in a deliberative assembly; as, a motion to adjourn.

Yes, I agree, and thank you for your motion. Shak.

7. (Law) An application made to a court or judge orally in open court. Its object is to obtain an order or rule directing some act to be done in favor of the applicant. Mozley & W.

8. (Mus.) Change of pitch in successive sounds, whether in the same part or in groups of parts.

The independent motions of different parts sounding together constitute counterpoint. Grove.
&hand; Conjunct motion is that by single degrees of the scale. Contrary motion is that when parts move in opposite directions. Disjunct motion is motion by skips. Oblique motion is that when one part is stationary while another moves. Similar or direct motion is that when parts move in the same direction.

9. A puppet show or puppet. [Obs.]

What motion's this? the model of Nineveh? Beau. & Fl.
&hand; Motion, in mechanics, may be simple or compound. Simple motions are: (a) straight translation, which, if of indefinite duration, must be reciprocating. (b) Simple rotation, which may be either continuous or reciprocating, and when reciprocating is called oscillating. (c) Helical, which, if of indefinite duration, must be reciprocating. Compound motion consists of combinations of any of the simple motions. Center of motion, Harmonic motion, etc. See under Center, Harmonic, etc. -- Motion block (Steam Engine), a crosshead. -- Perpetual motion (Mech.), an incessant motion conceived to be attainable by a machine supplying its own motive forces independently of any action from without. <-- impossible, according to the law of conservation of energy --> Syn. -- See Movement.

Motion

Mo"tion, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Motioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Motioning.]

1. To make a significant movement or gesture, as with the hand; as, to motion to one to take a seat.

2. To make proposal; to offer plans. [Obs.] Shak.

Motion

Mo"tion, v. t.

1. To direct or invite by a motion, as of the hand or head; as, to motion one to a seat.

2. To propose; to move. [Obs.]

I want friends to motion such a matter. Burton.

Motioner

Mo"tion*er (?), n. One who makes a motion; a mover. Udall.

Motionist

Mo"tion*ist, n. A mover. [Obs.]

Motionless

Mo"tion*less, a. Without motion; being at rest.

Motive

Mo"tive (?), n. [F. motif, LL. motivum, from motivus moving, fr. L. movere, motum, to move. See Move.]

1. That which moves; a mover. [Obs.] Shak.

2. That which incites to action; anything prompting or exciting to choise, or moving the will; cause; reason; inducement; object.

By motive, I mean the whole of that which moves, excites, or invites the mind to volition, whether that be one thing singly, or many things conjunctively. J. Edwards.

3. (Mus.) The theme or subject; a leading phrase or passage which is reproduced and varied through the course of a comor a movement; a short figure, or melodic germ, out of which a whole movement is develpoed. See also Leading motive, under Leading. [Written also motivo.]

4. (Fine Arts) That which produces conception, invention, or creation in the mind of the artist in undertaking his subject; the guiding or controlling idea manifested in a work of art, or any part of one. Syn. -- Incentive; incitement; inducement; reason; spur; stimulus; cause. -- Motive, Inducement, Reason. Motive is the word originally used in speaking of that which determines the choice. We call it an inducement when it is attractive in its nature. We call it a reason when it is more immediately addressed to the intellect in the form of argument.

Motive

Mo"tive, a. Causing motion; having power to move, or tending to move; as, a motive argument; motive power. "Motive faculty." Bp. Wilkins. Motive power (Mach.), a natural agent, as water, steam, wind, electricity, etc., used to impart motion to machinery; a motor; a mover.

Motive

Mo"tive (?), v. t. To prompt or incite by a motive or motives; to move.

Motiveless

Mo"tive*less, a. Destitute of a motive; not incited by a motive. -- Mo"tive*less*ness, n. G. Eliot.

Motivity

Mo*tiv"i*ty (?), n. [See Motive, n.]

1. The power of moving or producing motion.

2. The quality of being influenced by motives. [R.]

Motivo

Mo*ti"vo (?), n. [It. See Motive, n.] See Motive, n., 3, 4.

Motley

Mot"ley (?), a. [OE. mottelee, motle; cf. OF. mattel\'82 clotted, curdled, OF, ciel mattonn\'82 a mottled sky, mate, maton, curdled milk, Prov. G. matte curd. Cf. Mottle.]

1. Variegated in color; consisting of different colors; dappled; party-colored; as, a motley coat.

2. Wearing motley or party-colored clothing. See Motley, n., 1. "A motley fool." Shak.

3. Composed of different or various parts; heterogeneously made or mixed up; discordantly composite; as, motley style. Byron.

Motley

Mot"ley, n.

1. A combination of distinct colors; esp., the party-colored cloth, or clothing, worn by the professional fool. Chaucer. "Motley 's the only wear." Shak.

2. Hence, a jester, a fool. [Obs.] Shak. Man of motley, a fool. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Motley-minded

Mot"ley-mind`ed (?), a. Having a mind of a jester; foolish. Shak.

Motmot

Mot"mot (?), n. [Cf. Momot.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of long-tailed, passerine birds of the genus Momotus, having a strong serrated beak. In most of the species the two long middle tail feathers are racket-shaped at the tip, when mature. The bird itself is said by some writers to trim them into this shape. They feed on insects, reptiles, and fruit, and are found from Mexico to Brazil. The name is derived from its note. [Written also momot.]

Moto

Mo"to (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) Movement; manner of movement; particularly, movement with increased rapidity; -- used especially in the phrase con moto, directing to a somewhat quicker movement; as, andante con moto, a little more rapidly than andante, etc.

Moton

Mo"ton (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Anc. Armor) A small plate covering the armpit in armor of the 14th century and later.

Motor

Mo"tor (?), n. [L., fr. movere, motum, to move.]

1. One who, or that which, imparts motion; a source of mechanical power.

2. (Mach.) A prime mover; a machine by means of which a source of power, as steam, moving water, electricity, etc., is made available for doing mechanical work.

Motor, Motory, Motorial

Mo"tor (?), Mo"to*ry (?), Mo*to"ri*al (?), a. [L. motorius that has motion. See Motor, n.] Causing or setting up motion; pertaining to organs of motion; -- applied especially in physiology to those nerves or nerve fibers which only convey impressions from a nerve center to muscles, thereby causing motion.

Motorman

Mo"tor*man (?), n. A man who controls a motor.

Motorpathic

Mo`tor*path"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to motorpathy.

Motorpathy

Mo*tor"pa*thy (?), n. [L. motor a mover + Gr. (Med.) Kinesiatrics.

Motte

Motte (?), n. [Cf. F. motte a clod, clump, or hillock.] A clump of trees in a prairie. [Local, U.S.]

Mottle

Mot"tle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mottled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mottling (?).] [From Mottled.] To mark with spots of different color, or shades of color, as if stained; to spot; to maculate.

Mottle

Mot"tle, n. A mottled appearance.

Mottled

Mot"tled (?), a. [From Motley.] Marked with spots of different colors; variegated; spotted; as, mottled wood. "The mottled meadows." Drayton.

Motto

Mot"to (?), n.; pl. Mottoes (#). [It. motto a word, a saying, L. muttum a mutter, a grunt, cf. muttire, mutire, to mutter, mumble; prob. of imitative origin. Cf. Mot a word.]

1. (Her.) A sentence, phrase, or word, forming part of an heraldic achievment.

2. A sentence, phrase, or word, prefixed to an essay, discourse, chapter, canto, or the like, suggestive of its subject matter; a short, suggestive expression of a guiding principle; a maxim.

It was the motto of a bishop eminent for his piety and good works, ... "Serve God, and be cheerful." Addison.

Mottoed

Mot"toed (?), a. Bearing or having a motto; as, a mottoed coat or device.

Motty

Mot"ty (?), a. Full of, or consisting of, motes. [Written also mottie.] [Scot.]
The motty dust reek raised by the workmen. H. Miller.

Mouchoir

Mou`choir" (?), n. [F.] A handkerchief.

Mouazzin

Mou*az"zin (?), n. [F.] See Muezzin.

Mouflon

Mouf"lon (?), n. [F. mouflon.] (Zo\'94l.) A wild sheep (Ovis musimon), inhabiting the mountains of Sardinia, Corsica, etc. Its horns are very large, with a triangular base and rounded angles. It is supposed by some to be the original of the domestic sheep. Called also musimon or musmon. [Written also moufflon.]

Mought

Mought (?), obs.imp. of May. Might.

Mouillation

Mouil*la"tion (?), n. [See Mouill\'82.] (Phon.) The act of uttering the sound of a mouill\'82 letter.

Mouill\'82

Mouil`l\'82" (?), a. [F., lit., wet.] (Phon.) Applied to certain consonants having a "liquid" or softened sound; e.g., in French, l or ll and gn (like the lli in million and ni in minion); in Italian, gl and gn; in Spanish, ll and \'a4; in Portuguese, lh and nh.

Mould, Moulder, Mouldy

Mould (?), Mould"er (?), Mould"y (?), etc.See Mold, Molder, Moldy, etc.

Moule

Moule (?), v. i. [OE. moulen. See Mold.] To contract mold; to grow moldy; to mold. [Obs.]
Let us not moulen thus in idleness. Chaucer.

Mouline, Moulinet

Mou*line" (?), Mou"li*net (?), n. [F. moulinet, orig., a little mill, dim. of moulin mill. See Mill.]

1. The drum upon which the rope is wound in a capstan, crane, or the like.

2. A machine formerly used for bending a crossbow by winding it up.

3. In sword and saber exercises, a circular swing of the weawon.

Moult

Moult (?), v. & n. See Molt.

Moulten

Moult"en (?), a. Having molted. [Obs.] "A moulten raven." Shak.

Moun

Moun (?), v., pl. of Mow, may. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Mounch

Mounch (?), v. t. To munch. [Obs.]

Mound

Mound (?), n. [F. monde the world, L. mundus. See Mundane.] A ball or globe forming part of the regalia of an emperor or other sovereign. It is encircled with bands, enriched with precious stones, and surmounted with a cross; -- called also globe.

Mound

Mound, n. [OE. mound, mund, protection, AS. mund protection, hand; akin to OHG. munt, Icel. mund hand, and prob. to L. manus. See Manual.] An artificial hill or elevation of earth; a raised bank; an embarkment thrown up for defense; a bulwark; a rampart; also, a natural elevation appearing as if thrown up artificially; a regular and isolated hill, hillock, or knoll.
To thrid the thickets or to leap the mounds. Dryden.
Mound bird. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Mound maker (below). -- Mound builders (Ethnol.), the tribe, or tribes, of North American aborigines who built, in former times, extensive mounds of earth, esp. in the valleys of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. Formerly they were supposed to have preceded the Indians, but later investigations go to show that they were, in general, identical with the tribes that occupied the country when discovered by Europeans. -- Mound maker (Zo\'94l.), any one of the megapodes. -- Shell mound, a mound of refuse shells, collected by aborigines who subsisted largely on shellfish. See Midden, and Kitchen middens.

Mound

Mound, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Mounding.] To fortify or inclose with a mound.

Mount

Mount (?), n. [OE. munt, mont, mount, AS. munt, fr. L. mons, montis; cf. L. minae protections, E. eminent, menace: cf. F. mont. Cf. Mount, v., Mountain, Mont, Monte, Montem.]

1. A mass of earth, or earth and rock, rising considerably above the common surface of the surrounding land; a mountain; a high hill; -- used always instead of mountain, when put before a proper name; as, Mount Washington; otherwise, chiefly in poetry.

2. A bulwark for offense or defense; a mound. [Obs.]

Hew ye down trees, and cast a mount against Jerusalem. Jer. vi. 6.

3. [See Mont de pi\'82t\'82.] A bank; a fund. Mount of piety. See Mont de pi\'82t\'82.

Mount

Mount, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Mounted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mounting.] [OE. mounten, monten, F. monter, fr. L. mons, montis, mountain. See Mount, n. (above).]

1. To rise on high; to go up; to be upraised or uplifted; to tower aloft; to ascend; -- often with up.

Though Babylon should mount up to heaven. Jer. li. 53.
The fire of trees and houses mounts on high. Cowley.

2. To get up on anything, as a platform or scaffold; especially, to seat one's self on a horse for riding.

3. To attain in value; to amount.

Bring then these blessings to a strict account, Make fair deductions, see to what they mount. Pope.

Mount

Mount, v. t.

1. To get upon; to ascend; to climb.

Shall we mount again the rural throne? Dryden.

2. To place one's self on, as a horse or other animal, or anything that one sits upon; to bestride.

3. To cause to mount; to put on horseback; to furnish with animals for riding; to furnish with horses. "To mount the Trojan troop." Dryden.

4. Hence: To put upon anything that sustains and fits for use, as a gun on a carriage, a map or picture on cloth or paper; to prepare for being worn or otherwise used, as a diamond by setting, or a sword blade by adding the hilt, scabbard, etc.

5. To raise aloft; to lift on high.

What power is it which mounts my love so high? Shak.
&hand; A fort or ship is said to mount cannon, when it has them arranged for use in or about it. To mount guard (Mil.), to go on guard; to march on guard; to do duty as a guard. -- To mount a play, to prepare and arrange the scenery, furniture, etc., used in the play.

Mount

Mount, n. [From Mount, v.] That upon which a person or thing is mounted, as: (a) A horse.
She had so good a seat and hand, she might be trusted with any mount. G. Eliot.
(b) The cardboard or cloth on which a drawing, photograph, or the like is mounted; a mounting.

Mountable

Mount"a*ble (?), a. Such as can be mounted.

Mountain

Moun"tain (?), n. [OE. mountaine, montaine, F. montagne, LL. montanea, montania, fr. L. mons, montis, a mountain; cf. montanus belonging to a mountain. See 1st Mount.]

1. A large mass of earth and rock, rising above the common level of the earth or adjacent land; earth and rock forming an isolated peak or a ridge; an eminence higher than a hill; a mount.

2. pl. A range, chain, or group of such elevations; as, the White Mountains.

3. A mountainlike mass; something of great bulk.

I should have been a mountain of mummy. Shak.
The Mountain (La montagne) (French Hist.), a popular name given in 1793 to a party of extreme Jacobins in the National Convention, who occupied the highest rows of seats.
Page 949

Mountain

Moun"tain (?), a.

1. Of or pertaining to a mountain or mountains; growing or living on a mountain; found on or peculiar to mountains; among mountains; as, a mountain torrent; mountain pines; mountain goats; mountain air; mountain howitzer.

2. Like a mountain; mountainous; vast; very great.

The high, the mountain majesty of worth. Byron.
Mountain anthelope (Zo\'94l.), the goral. -- Mountain ash (Bot.), an ornamental tree, the Pyrus (Sorbus) Americana, producing beautiful bunches of red berries. Its leaves are pinnate, and its flowers white, growing in fragrant clusters. The European species is the P. aucuparia, or rowan tree. -- Mountain barometer, a portable barometer, adapted for safe transportation, used in measuring the heights of mountains. -- Mountain beaver (Zo\'94l.), the sewellel. -- Mountain blue (Min.), blue carbonate of copper; azurite. -- Mountain cat (Zo\'94l.), the catamount. See Catamount. -- Mountain chain, a series of contiguous mountain ranges, generally in parallel or consecutive lines or curves. -- Mountain cock (Zo\'94l.), capercailzie. See Capercailzie. -- Mountain cork (Min.), a variety of asbestus, resembling cork in its texture. -- Mountain crystal. See under Crystal. -- Mountain damson (Bot.), a large tree of the genus Simaruba (S. amarga) growing in the West Indies, which affords a bitter tonic and astringent, sometimes used in medicine. -- Mountain dew, Scotch whisky, so called because often illicitly distilled among the mountains. [Humorous] -- Mountain ebony (Bot.), a small leguminous tree (Bauhinia variegata) of the East and West Indies; -- so called because of its dark wood. The bark is used medicinally and in tanning. -- Mountain flax (Min.), a variety of asbestus, having very fine fibers; amianthus. See Amianthus. -- Mountain fringe (Bot.), climbing fumitory. See under Fumitory. -- Mountain goat. (Zo\'94l.) See Mazama. -- Mountain green. (Min.) (a) Green malachite, or carbonate of copper. (b) See Green earth, under Green, a. -- Mountain holly (Bot.), a branching shrub (Nemopanthes Canadensis), having smooth oblong leaves and red berries. It is found in the Northern United States. -- Mountain laurel (Bot.), an American shrub (Kalmia latifolia) with glossy evergreen leaves and showy clusters of rose-colored or white flowers. The foliage is poisonous. Called also American laurel, ivy bush, and calico bush. See Kalmia. -- Mountain leather (Min.), a variety of asbestus, resembling leather in its texture. -- Mountain licorice (Bot.), a plant of the genus Trifolium (T. Alpinum). -- Mountain limestone (Geol.), a series of marine limestone strata below the coal measures, and above the old red standstone of Great Britain. See Chart of Geology. -- Mountain linnet (Zo\'94l.), the twite. -- Mountain magpie. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The yaffle, or green woodpecker. (b) The European gray shrike. -- Mountain mahogany (Bot.) See under Mahogany. -- Mountain meal (Min.), a light powdery variety of calcite, occurring as an efflorescence. -- Mountain milk (Min.), a soft spongy variety of carbonate of lime. -- Mountain mint. (Bot.) See Mint. -- Mountain ousel (Zo\'94l.), the ring ousel; -- called also mountain thrush and mountain colley. See Ousel. -- Mountain pride, ∨ Mountain green (Bot.), a tree of Jamaica (Spathelia simplex), which has an unbranched palmlike stem, and a terminal cluster of large, pinnate leaves. -- Mountain quail (Zo\'94l.), the plumed partridge (Oreortyx pictus) of California. It has two long, slender, plumelike feathers on the head. The throat and sides are chestnut; the belly is brown with transverse bars of black and white; the neck and breast are dark gray. -- Mountain range, a series of mountains closely related in position and direction. -- Mountain rice. (Bot.) (a) An upland variety of rice, grown without irrigation, in some parts of Asia, Europe, and the United States. (b) An American genus of grasses (Oryzopsis). -- Mountain rose (Bot.), a species of rose with solitary flowers, growing in the mountains of Europe (Rosa alpina). -- Mountain soap (Min.), a soft earthy mineral, of a brownish color, used in crayon painting; saxonite. -- Mountain sorrel (Bot.), a low perennial plant (Oxyria digyna with rounded kidney-form leaves, and small greenish flowers, found in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, and in high northern latitudes. Gray. -- Mountain sparrow (Zo\'94l.), the European tree sparrow. -- Mountain spinach. (Bot.) See Orach. -- Mountain tobacco (Bot.), a composite plant (Arnica montana) of Europe; called also leopard's bane. -- Mountain witch (Zo\'94l.), a ground pigeon of Jamaica, of the genus Geotrygon.

Mountaineer

Moun`tain*eer" (?), n. [OF. montanier, LL. montanarius. See Mountain.]

1. An inhabitant of a mountain; one who lives among mountains.

2. A rude, fierce person. [Obs.]

No savage fierce, bandit, or mountaineer. Milton.

Mountaineer

Moun`tain*eer", v. i. To lie or act as a mountaineer; to climb mountains.
You can't go mountaineering in a flat country. H. James.

Mountainer

Moun"tain*er (?), n. A mountaineer. [Obs.]

Mountainet

Moun"tain*et (?), n. A small mountain. [R.]

Mountainous

Moun"tain*ous (?), a. [F. montagneux, L. montaniosus.]

1. Full of, or containing, mountains; as, the mountainous country of the Swiss.

2. Inhabiting mountains. [Obs.] Bacon.

3. Large as, or resembling, a mountain; huge; of great bulk; as, a mountainous heap. Prior.

Mountainousness

Moun"tain*ous*ness, n. The state or quality of being mountainous.

Mountance

Mount"ance (?), n. [OF. montance.] Amount; sum; quantity; extent. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mountant

Mount"ant (?), a. [F. montant, p.pr. of monter. See Mount, and cf. Montant.] Raised; high. [Obs.]

Mountebank

Mount"e*bank (?), n. [It. montimbanco, montambanco; montare to mount + in in, upon + banco bench. See Mount, and 4th Bank.]

1. One who mounts a bench or stage in the market or other public place, boasts of his skill in curing diseases, and vends medicines which he pretends are infalliable remedies; a quack doctor.

Such is the weakness and easy credulity of men, that a mountebank ... is preferred before an able physician. Whitlock.

2. Any boastful or false pretender; a charlatan; a quack.

Nothing so impossible in nature but mountebanks will undertake. Arbuthnot.

Mountebank

Mount"e*bank, v. t. To cheat by boasting and false pretenses; to gull. [R.] Shak.

Mountebank

Mount"e*bank, v. i. To play the mountebank.

Mountebankery

Mount"e*bank`er*y (?), n. The practices of a mountebank; quackery; boastful and vain pretenses.

Mountebankish

Mount"e*bank`ish, a. Like a mountebank or his quackery. Howell.

Mountebankism

Mount"e*bank*ism (?), n. The practices of a mountebank; mountebankery.

Mounted

Mount"ed, a.

1. Seated or serving on horseback or similarly; as, mounted police; mounted infantry.

2. Placed on a suitable support, or fixed in a setting; as, a mounted gun; a mounted map; a mounted gem.

Mountenaunce

Mount"e*naunce (?), n. Mountance. [Obs.]

Mounter

Mount"er (?), n.

1. One who mounts.

2. An animal mounted; a monture. [Obs.]

Mounting

Mount"ing, n.

1. The act of one that mounts.

2. That by which anything is prepared for use, or set off to advantage; equipment; embellishment; setting; as, the mounting of a sword or diamond.

Mountingly

Mount"ing*ly, adv. In an ascending manner.

Mountlet

Mount"let (?), n. A small or low mountain. [R.]

Mounty

Mount"y (?), n. [F. mont\'82e, fr. monter. See Mount, v.] The rise of a hawk after prey. Sir P. Sidney.

Mourn

Mourn (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Mourned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mourning.] [AS. murnan; akin to OS. mornian, OHG. mornen, Goth. ma\'a3rnan.]

1. To express or to feel grief or sorrow; to grieve; to be sorrowful; to lament; to be in a state of grief or sadness.

Abraham came to mourn for Sarah, and to weep for her. Gen. xxiii. 2.

2. To wear the customary garb of a mourner.

We mourn in black; why mourn we not in blood? Shak.
Grieve for an hour, perhaps, then mourn a year. Pope.

Mourn

Mourn, v. t.

1. To grieve for; to lament; to deplore; to bemoan; to bewail.

As if he mourned his rival's ill success. Addison.
And looking over the hills, I mourn The darling who shall not return. Emerson.

2. To utter in a mournful manner or voice.

The lovelorn nightingale Nightly to thee her sad song mourneth well. Milton.
Syn. -- See Deplore.

Mourne

Mourne (?), n. [See 2d Morne.] The armed or feruled end of a staff; in a sheephook, the end of the staff to which the hook is attached. Sir P. Sidney.

Mourner

Mourn"er (?), n.

1. One who mourns or is grieved at any misfortune, as the death of a friend.

His mourners were two hosts, his friends and foes. Byron.

2. One who attends a funeral as a hired mourner.

Mourners were provided to attend the funeral. L'Estrange.

Mournful

Mourn"ful (?), a. Full of sorrow; expressing, or intended to express, sorrow; mourning; grieving; sad; also, causing sorrow; saddening; grievous; as, a mournful person; mournful looks, tones, loss. -- Mourn"ful*ly, adv. -- Mourn"ful*ness, n. Syn. -- Sorrowful; lugubrious; sad; doleful; heavy; afflictive; grievous; calamitous.

Mourning

Mourn"ing, n. [AS. murnung.]

1. The act of sorrowing or expressing grief; lamentation; sorrow.

2. Garb, drapery, or emblems indicative of grief, esp. clothing or a badge of somber black.

The houses to their tops with black were spread, And ev'n the pavements were with mourning hid. Dryden.
Deep mourning. See under Deep.

Mourning

Mourn"ing, a.

1. Grieving; sorrowing; lamenting.

2. Employed to express sorrow or grief; worn or used as appropriate to the condition of one bereaved or sorrowing; as, mourning garments; a mourning ring; a mourning pin, and the like. Mourning bride (Bot.), a garden flower (Scabiosa atropurpurea) with dark purple or crimson flowers in flattened heads. -- Mourning dove (Zo\'94l.), a wild dove (Zenaidura macroura) found throughout the United States; -- so named from its plaintive note. Called also Carolina dove. See Illust. under Dove. -- Mourning warbler (Zo\'94l.), an American ground warbler (Geothlypis Philadelphia). The male has the head, neck, and chest, deep ash-gray, mixed with black on the throat and chest; other lower parts are pure yellow.

Mourningly

Mourn"ing*ly, adv. In a mourning manner.

Mournival

Mour"ni*val (?), n. See Murnival.

Mouse

Mouse (mous), n.; pl. Mice (m&imac;s). [OE. mous, mus, AS. m&umac;s, pl. m&ymac;s; akin to D. muis, G. maus, OHG. & Icel. m&umac;s, Dan. muus, Sw. mus, Russ. muishe, L. mus, Gr. my^s, Skr. m&umac;sh mouse, mush to steal. \'fb277. Cf. Muscle, Musk.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small rodents belonging to the genus Mus and various related genera of the family Murid\'91. The common house mouse (Mus musculus) is found in nearly all countries. The American white-footed, or deer, mouse (Hesperomys leucopus) sometimes lives in houses. See Dormouse, Meadow mouse, under Meadow, and Harvest mouse, under Harvest.

2. (Naut.) (a) A knob made on a rope with spun yarn or parceling to prevent a running eye from slipping. (b) Same as 2d Mousing, 2.

3. A familiar term of endearment. Shak.

4. A dark-colored swelling caused by a blow. [Slang]

5. A match used in firing guns or blasting. Field mouse, Flying mouse, etc. See under Field, Flying, etc. -- Mouse bird (Zo\'94l.), a coly. -- Mouse deer (Zo\'94l.), a chevrotain, as the kanchil. -- Mouse galago (Zo\'94l.), a very small West American galago (Galago murinus). In color and size it resembles a mouse. It has a bushy tail like that of a squirrel. -- Mouse hawk. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A hawk that devours mice. (b) The hawk owl; -- called also mouse owl. -- Mouse lemur (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of very small lemurs of the genus Chirogaleus, found in Madagascar. -- Mouse piece (Cookery), the piece of beef cut from the part next below the round or from the lower part of the latter; -- called also mouse buttock.

Mouse

Mouse (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Moused (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mousing (?).]

1. To watch for and catch mice.

2. To watch for or pursue anything in a sly manner; to pry about, on the lookout for something.

Mouse

Mouse, v. t.

1. To tear, as a cat devours a mouse. [Obs.] "[Death] mousing the flesh of men." Shak.

2. (Naut.) To furnish with a mouse; to secure by means of a mousing. See Mouse, n., 2.

Mouse-ear

Mouse"-ear` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The forget-me-not (Myosotis palustris) and other species of the same genus. (b) A European species of hawkweed (Hieracium Pilosella). Mouse-ear chickweed, a name of two common species of chickweed (Cerastium vulgarium, and C. viscosum). -- Mouse-ear cress, a low cruciferous herb (Sisymbrium Thaliana). All these are low herbs with soft, oval, or obovate leaves, whence the name.

Mousefish

Mouse"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Frogfish.

Mousehole

Mouse"hole` (?), n. A hole made by a mouse, for passage or abode, as in a wall; hence, a very small hole like that gnawed by a mouse.

Mousekin

Mouse"kin (?), n. A little mouse. Thackeray.

Mouser

Mous"er (?), n.

1. A cat that catches mice.

2. One who pries about on the lookout for something.

Mousetail

Mouse"tail` (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of ranunculaceous plants (Myosurus), in which the prolonged receptacle is covered with imbricating achenes, and so resembles the tail of a mouse.

Mousie

Mous"ie (?), n. Diminutive for Mouse. Burns.

Mousing

Mous"ing (?), a. Impertinently inquisitive; prying; meddlesome. "Mousing saints." L'Estrange.

Mousing

Mous"ing, n.

1. The act of hunting mice.

2. (Naut.) A turn or lashing of spun yarn or small stuff, or a metallic clasp or fastening, uniting the point and shank of a hook to prevent its unhooking or straighening out.

3. A ratchet movement in a loom. Mousing hook, a hook with an attachment which prevents its unhooking.

Mousle

Mou"sle (?), v. t. To sport with roughly; to rumple. [Written also mouzle.] [Obs.] Wycherley.

Mousseline

Mousse`line" (?), n. [F.] Muslin. Mousseline de laine (. [F., muslin of wool.] Muslin delaine. See under Muslin. -- Mousseline glass, a kind of thin blown glassware, such as wineglasses, etc.

Moustache

Mous`tache" (?), n. [F.] Mustache.

Mousy

Mous"y (?), a. Infested with mice; smelling of mice.

Moutan

Mou"tan (?), n. (Bot.) The Chinese tree peony (P\'91onia Mountan), a shrub with large flowers of various colors.

Mouth

Mouth (?), n.; pl. Mouths (#). [OE. mouth, mu, AS. m; akin to D. mond, OS. m, G. mund, Icel. mu, munnr, Sw. mun, Dan. mund, Goth. mun, and possibly L. mentum chin; or cf. D. muil mouth, muzzle, G. maul, OHG. m, Icel. m, and Skr. mukha mouth.]

1. The opening through which an animal receives food; the aperture between the jaws or between the lips; also, the cavity, containing the tongue and teeth, between the lips and the pharynx; the buccal cavity.

2. Hence: An opening affording entrance or exit; orifice; aperture; as: (a) The opening of a vessel by which it is filled or emptied, charged or discharged; as, the mouth of a jar or pitcher; the mouth of the lacteal vessels, etc. (b) The opening or entrance of any cavity, as a cave, pit, well, or den. (c) The opening of a piece of ordnance, through which it is discharged. (d) The opening through which the waters of a river or any stream are discharged. (e) The entrance into a harbor.

3. (Saddlery) The crosspiece of a bridle bit, which enters the mouth of an animal.

4. A principal speaker; one who utters the common opinion; a mouthpiece.

Every coffeehouse has some particular statesman belonging to it, who is the mouth of the street where he lives. Addison.

5. Cry; voice. [Obs.] Dryden.

6. Speech; language; testimony.

That in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established. Matt. xviii. 16.

7. A wry face; a grimace; a mow.

Counterfeit sad looks, Make mouths upon me when I turn my back. Shak.
Down in the mouth, chapfallen; of dejected countenance; depressed; discouraged. [Obs. or Colloq.] -- Mouth friend, one who professes friendship insincerely. Shak. -- Mouth glass, a small mirror for inspecting the mouth or teeth. -- Mouth honor, honor given in words, but not felt. Shak. -- Mouth organ. (Mus.) (a) Pan's pipes. See Pandean. (b) An harmonicon. -- Mouth pipe, an organ pipe with a lip or plate to cut the escaping air and make a sound. -- To stop the mouth, to silence or be silent; to put to shame; to confound.
The mouth of them that speak lies shall be stopped. Ps. lxiii. 11.
Whose mouths must be stopped. Titus i. 11.

Page 950

Mouth

Mouth (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mouthed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mouthing.]

1. To take into the mouth; to seize or grind with the mouth or teeth; to chew; to devour. Dryden.

2. To utter with a voice affectedly big or swelling; to speak in a strained or unnaturally sonorous manner. "Mouthing big phrases." Hare.

Mouthing out his hollow oes and aes. Tennyson.

3. To form or cleanse with the mouth; to lick, as a bear her cub. Sir T. Browne.

4. To make mouths at. [R.] R. Blair.

Mouth

Mouth, v. i.

1. To speak with a full, round, or loud, affected voice; to vociferate; to rant.

I'll bellow out for Rome, and for my country, And mouth at C\'91sar, till I shake the senate. Addison.

2. To put mouth to mouth; to kiss. [R.] Shak.

3. To make grimaces, esp. in ridicule or contempt.

Well I know, when I am gone, How she mouths behind my back. Tennyson.

Mouthed

Mouthed (?), a.

1. Furnished with a mouth.

2. Having a mouth of a particular kind; using the mouth, speech, or voice in a particular way; -- used only in composition; as, wide-mouthed; hard-mouthed; foul-mouthed; mealy-mouthed.

Mouther

Mouth"er (?), n. One who mouths; an affected speaker.

Mouth-footed

Mouth"-foot`ed (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the basal joints of the legs converted into jaws.

Mouthful

Mouth"ful (?), n.; pl. Mouthfuls (.

1. As much as is usually put into the mouth at one time.

2. Hence, a small quantity.

Mouthless

Mouth"less, a. [AS. m&umac;&edh;le\'a0s.] Destitute of a mouth.

Mouth-made

Mouth"-made` (?), a. Spoken without sincerity; not heartfelt. "Mouth-made vows." Shak.

Mouthpiece

Mouth"piece` (?), n.

1. The part of a musical or other instrument to which the mouth is applied in using it; as, the mouthpiece of a bugle, or of a tobacco pipe.

2. An appendage to an inlet or outlet opening of a pipe or vessel, to direct or facilitate the inflow or outflow of a fluid.

3. One who delivers the opinion of others or of another; a spokesman; as, the mouthpiece of his party.<-- hence (slang) a person's lawyer -->

Egmont was imprudent enough to make himself the mouthpiece of their remonstrance. Motley.

Movability

Mov`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. Movableness.

Movable

Mov"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF. movable. See Move.]

1. Capable of being moved, lifted, carried, drawn, turned, or conveyed, or in any way made to change place or posture; susceptible of motion; not fixed or stationary; as, a movable steam engine.

2. Changing from one time to another; as, movable feasts, i. e., church festivals, the date of which varies from year to year. Movable letter (Heb. Gram.), a letter that is pronounced, as opposed to one that is quiescent.

Movable

Mov"a*ble, n.; pl. Movables (.

1. An article of wares or goods; a commodity; a piece of property not fixed, or not a part of real estate; generally, in the plural, goods; wares; furniture.

Furnished with the most rich and princely movables. Evelyn.

2. (Rom. Law) Property not attached to the soil. &hand; The word is not convertible with personal property, since rents and similar incidents of the soil which are personal property by our law are immovables by the Roman law. Wharton.

Movableness

Mov"a*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being movable; mobility; susceptibility of motion.

Movably

Mov"a*bly, adv. In a movable manner or condition.

Move

Move (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Moved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Moving.] [OE. moven, OF. moveir, F. mouvoir, L. movere; cf. Gr. m\'c6v, p.p. m&umac;ta, to move, push. Cf. Emotion, Mew to molt, Mob, Mutable, Mutiny.]

1. To cause to change place or posture in any manner; to set in motion; to carry, convey, draw, or push from one place to another; to impel; to stir; as, the wind moves a vessel; the horse moves a carriage.

2. (Chess, Checkers, etc.) To transfer (a piece or man) from one space or position to another, according to the rules of the game; as, to move a king. <-- fld=board games -->

3. To excite to action by the presentation of motives; to rouse by representation, persuasion, or appeal; to influence.

Minds desirous of revenge were not moved with gold. Knolles.
No female arts his mind could move. Dryden.

4. To arouse the feelings or passions of; especially, to excite to tenderness or compassion; to touch pathetically; to excite, as an emotion. Shak.

When he saw the multitudes, he was moved with compassion on them. Matt. ix. 36.
[The use of images] in orations and poetry is to move pity or terror. Felton.

5. To propose; to recommend; specifically, to propose formally for consideration and determination, in a deliberative assembly; to submit, as a resolution to be adopted; as, to move to adjourn.

Let me but move one question to your daughter. Shak.
They are to be blamed alike who move and who decline war upon particular respects. Hayward.

6. To apply to, as for aid. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- To stir; agitate; trouble; affect; persuade; influence; actuate; impel; rouse; prompt; instigate; incite; induce; incline; propose; offer.

Move

Move, v. i.

1. To change place or posture; to stir; to go, in any manner, from one place or position to another; as, a ship moves rapidly.

The foundations also of the hills moved and were shaken, because he was wroth. Ps. xviii. 7.
On the green bank I sat and listened long, ... Nor till her lay was ended could I move. Dryden.

2. To act; to take action; to stir; to begin to act; as, to move in a matter.

3. To change residence; to remove, as from one house, town, or state, to another.

4. (Chess, Checkers, etc.) To change the place of a piece in accordance with the rules of the game.

Move

Move (?), n.

1. The act of moving; a movement.

2. (Chess, Checkers, etc.) The act of moving one of the pieces, from one position to another, in the progress of the game.

3. An act for the attainment of an object; a step in the execution of a plan or purpose. To make a move. (a) To take some action. (b) To move a piece, as in a game. -- To be on the move, to bustle or stir about. [Colloq.]

Moveless

Move`less, a. Motionless; fixed. "Moveless as a tower." Pope.

Movement

Move"ment (?), n. [F. mouvement. See Move, and cf. Moment.]

1. The act of moving; change of place or posture; transference, by any means, from one situation to another; natural or appropriate motion; progress; advancement; as, the movement of an army in marching or maneuvering; the movement of a wheel or a machine; the party of movement.

2. Motion of the mind or feelings; emotion.

3. Manner or style of moving; as, a slow, or quick, or sudden, movement.

4. (Mus.) (a) The rhythmical progression, pace, and tempo of a piece. "Any change of time is a change of movement." Busby. (b) One of the several strains or pieces, each complete in itself, with its own time and rhythm, which make up a larger work; as, the several movements of a suite or a symphony.

5. (Mech.) A system of mechanism for transmitting motion of a definite character, or for transforming motion; as, the wheelwork of a watch. Febrille movement (Med.), an elevation of the body temperature; a fever. -- Movement cure. (Med.) See Kinesiatrics. -- Movement of the bowels, an evacuation or stool; a passage or discharge. Syn. -- Motion. -- Movement, Motion. Motion expresses a general idea of not being at rest; movement is oftener used to express a definite, regulated motion, esp. a progress.

Movent

Mo"vent (?), a. [L. movens, p.pr. of movere. See Move.] Moving. [R.] Grew.

Movent

Mo"vent, n. That which moves anything. [R.]

Mover

Mov"er (?), n.

1. A person or thing that moves, stirs, or changes place.

2. A person or thing that imparts motion, or causes change of place; a motor.

3. One who, or that which, excites, instigates, or causes movement, change, etc.; as, movers of sedition.

These most poisonous compounds, Which are the movers of a languishing death. Shak.

4. A proposer; one who offers a proposition, or recommends anything for consideration or adoption; as, the mover of a resolution in a legislative body.

Moving

Mov"ing, a.

1. Changing place or posture; causing motion or action; as, a moving car, or power.

2. Exciting movement of the mind; adapted to move the sympathies, passions, or affections; touching; pathetic; as, a moving appeal.

I sang an old moving story. Coleridge.
Moving force (Mech.), a force that accelerates, retards, or deflects the motion of a body. -- Moving plant (Bot.), a leguminous plant (Desmodium gyrans); -- so called because its leaflets have a distinct automatic motion.

Moving

Mov"ing, n. The act of changing place or posture; esp., the act of changing one's dwelling place or place of business. Moving day, a day when one moves; esp., a day when a large number of tenants change their dwelling place.

Movingly

Mov"ing*ly, adv. In a moving manner. Addison.

Movingness

Mov"ing*ness, n. The power of moving.

Mow

Mow (?), n. [Written also moe and mowe.] [F. moue pouting, a wry face; cf. OD. mouwe the protruded lip.] A wry face. "Make mows at him." Shak.

Mow

Mow, v. i. To make mouths.
Nodding, becking, and mowing. Tyndale.

Mow

Mow, n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Mew, a gull.

Mow

Mow, v. [pres. sing. Mow, pl. Mowe, Mowen, Moun.] [AS. magan. See May, v.] May; can. "Thou mow now escapen." [Obs.] Chaucer.
Our walles mowe not make hem resistence. Chaucer.

Mow

Mow (?), v. t. [imp. Mowed (?); p. p. Mowed or Mown (; p. pr. & vb. n. Mowing.] [OE. mowen, mawen, AS. m\'bewan; akin to D. maaijen, G. m\'84hen, OHG. m\'bejan, Dan. meie, L. metere to reap, mow, Gr. Math, Mead a meadow, Meadow.]

1. To cut down, as grass, with a scythe or machine.

2. To cut the grass from; as, to mow a meadow.

3. To cut down; to cause to fall in rows or masses, as in mowing grass; -- with down; as, a discharge of grapeshot mows down whole ranks of men.

Mow

Mow, v. i. To cut grass, etc., with a scythe, or with a machine; to cut grass for hay.

Mow

Mow (?), n. [OE. mowe, AS. m.]

1. A heap or mass of hay or of sheaves of grain stowed in a barn.

2. The place in a barn where hay or grain in the sheaf is stowed.

Mow

Mow (?), v. t. To lay, as hay or sheaves of grain, in a heap or mass in a barn; to pile and stow away.

Mowburn

Mow"burn` (?), v. i. To heat and ferment in the mow, as hay when housed too green.

Mowe

Mowe (?), v. See 4th Mow. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Mowe

Mowe, n. & v. See 1st & 2d Mow. [Obs.]

Mower

Mow"er (?), n. One who, or that which, mows; a mowing machine; as, a lawn mower.

Mowing

Mow"ing, n.

1. The act of one who, or the operation of that which, mows.

2. Land from which grass is cut; meadow land. Mowing machine, an agricultural machine armed with knives or blades for cutting standing grass, etc. It is drawn by a horse or horses, or propelled by steam.

Mown

Mown (?), p. p. & a. Cut down by mowing, as grass; deprived of grass by mowing; as, a mown field.

Mowyer

Mow"yer (?), n. A mower. [Obs.]

Moxa

Mox"a (?), n. [A corruption of Japan. mogusa (pronounced mongsa), an escharotic made from the plant yomigi: cf. F. moxa.]

1. (Med.) A soft woolly mass prepared from the young leaves of Artemisia Chinensis, and used as a cautery by burning it on the skin; hence, any substance used in a like manner, as cotton impregnated with niter, amadou.

2. (Bot.) A plant from which this substance is obtained, esp. Artemisia Chinensis, and A. moxa.

Moxie

Mox"ie (?), n. [fr. Moxie, a trade name for a beverage.]

1. energy; pep.

2. courage, determination.

3. Know-how, expertise. MW10.

Moya

Moy"a (?), n. Mud poured out from volcanoes during eruptions; -- so called in South America.

Moyle

Moyle (?), n. & v. See Moil, and Moile.

Mozarab, Mozarabic

Moz"a*rab (?), Moz`a*rab"ic (?). Same as Muzarab, Muzarabic.

Mozetta, Mozzetta

Mo*zet"ta (?), Moz*zet"ta (?), n. [It. mozzetta: cf. F. mosette. Cf. Amice a hood or cape.] (Eccl.) A cape, with a small hood; -- worn by the pope and other dignitaries of the Roman Catholic Church.

Mr.

Mr.. (. The customary abbreviation of Mister in writing and printing. See Master, 4.

Mrs.

Mrs. (. The customary abbreviation of Mistress when used as a title of courtesy, in writing and printing.<-- abbr. of Misses -->

Mucamide

Mu*cam"ide (?), n. [Mucic + amide.] (Chem.) The acid amide of mucic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance.

Mucate

Mu"cate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of mucic acid.

Muce

Muce (?), n. See Muse, and Muset.

Mucedin

Mu*ce"din (?), n. [From Mucus.] (Bot. Chem.) A yellowish white, amorphous, nitrogenous substance found in wheat, rye, etc., and resembling gluten; -- formerly called also mucin.

Much

Much (?), a. [Compar. & superl. wanting, but supplied by More (?), and Most (, from another root.] [OE. moche, muche, miche, prob. the same as mochel, muchel, michel, mikel, fr. AS. micel, mycel; cf. Gr. mj\'94k, adv., much. \'fb103. See Mickle.]

1. Great in quantity; long in duration; as, much rain has fallen; much time.

Thou shalt carry much seed out into the field, and shalt gather but little in. Deut. xxviii. 38.

2. Many in number. [Archaic]

Edom came out against him with much people. Num. xx. 20.

3. High in rank or position. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Much

Much, n.

1. A great quantity; a great deal; also, an indefinite quantity; as, you have as much as I.

He that gathered much had nothing over. Ex. xvi. 18.
&hand; Muchin this sense can be regarded as an adjective qualifying a word unexpressed, and may, therefore, be modified by as, so, too, very.

2. A thing uncommon, wonderful, or noticeable; something considerable.

And [he] thought not much to clothe his enemies. Milton.
To make much of, to treat as something of especial value or worth.

Much

Much, adv. [Cf. Icel. mj\'94k. See Much, a.] To a great degree or extent; greatly; abundantly; far; nearly. "Much suffering heroes." Pope.
Thou art much mightier than we. Gen. xxvi. 16.
Excellent speech becometh not a fool, much less do lying lips a prince. Prov. xvii. 7.
Henceforth I fly not death, nor would prolong Life much. Milton.
All left the world much as they found it. Sir W. Temple.

Muchel

Much"el (?), a. [\'fb103. See Mickle.] Much. [Obs.]

Muchness

Much"ness, n. Greatness; extent. [Obs. or Colloq.]
The quantity and muchness of time which it filcheth. W. Whately.
Much of a muchness, much the same. [Colloq.] "Men's men; gentle or simple, they 're much of muchness." G. Eliot.

Muchwhat

Much"what` (?), adv. Nearly; almost; much. [Obs.] "Muchwhat after the same manner." Glanvill.

Mucic

Mu"cic (?), a. [L. mucus mucus: cf. F. mucique.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, gums and micilaginous substances; specif., denoting an acid obtained by the oxidation of gums, dulcite, etc., as a white crystalline substance isomeric with saccharic acid.

Mucid

Mu"cid (?), a. [L. mucidus, fr. L. mucus mucus. See Mucus, and cf. Moist.] Musty; moldy; slimy; mucous. -- Mu"cid*ness, n.

Mucific

Mu*cif"ic (?), a. [Mucus + L. -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.]

1. (Med.) Inducing or stimulating the secretion of mucus; blennogenous.

2. (Physiol.) Secreting mucus.

Muciform

Mu"ci*form (?), a. [Mucus + -form.] (Physiol.) Resembling mucus; having the character or appearance of mucus.

Mucigen

Mu"ci*gen (?), n. [Mucin + -gen.] (Physiol.) A substance which is formed in mucous epithelial cells, and gives rise to mucin.

Mucigenous

Mu*cig"e*nous (?), a. (Physiol.) Connected with the formation of mucin; resembling mucin.
The mucigenous basis is manufactured at the expense of the ordinary protoplasm of the cell. Foster.

Mucilage

Mu"ci*lage (?), n. [F., from L. mucilago a musty juice, fr. mucus mucus, slime. See Mucus.]

1. (Bot. Chem.) A gummy or gelatinous substance produced in certain plants by the action of water on the cell wall, as in the seeds of quinces, of flax, etc.

2. An aqueous solution of gum, or of substances allied to it; as, medicinal mucilage; mucilage for fastening envelopes.

Mucilaginous

Mu`ci*lag"i*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. mucilagineux. See Mucilage.]

1. Partaking of the nature of, or resembling, mucilage; moist, soft, and viscid; slimy; ropy; as, a mucilaginous liquid.

2. Of, pertaining to, or secreting, mucilage; as, the mucilaginous glands.

3. Soluble in water, but not in alcohol; yielding mucilage; as, mucilaginous gums or plants. -- Mu`ci*lag"i*nous*ness, n.


Page 951

Mucin

Mu"cin (?), n. [From Mucus.]

1. (Bot. Chem.) See Mucedin. [Obs.]

2. (Physiol. Chem.) An albuminoid substance which is contained in mucus, and gives to the latter secretion its peculiar ropy character. It is found in all the secretions from mucous glands, and also between the fibers of connective tissue, as in tendons. See Illust. of Demilune.

Mucinogen

Mu*cin"o*gen (?), n. [Mucin + -gen.] (Physiol.) Same as Mucigen.

Muciparous

Mu*cip"a*rous (?), a. [Mucus + L. parere to produce.] (Physiol.) Secreting, or producing, mucus or mucin.

Mucivore

Mu"ci*vore (?), n. [L. mucus slime, mucus + vorare to devour.] (Zo\'94l.) An unsect which feeds on mucus, or the sap of plants, as certain Diptera, of the tribe Mucivora.

Muck

Muck (?), abbreviation of Amuck. To run a muck. See Amuck.

Muck

Muck, n. [Icel. myki; akin to D. m\'94g. Cf. Midden.]

1. Dung in a moist state; manure. Bacon.

2. Vegetable mold mixed with earth, as found in low, damp places and swamps.

3. Anything filthy or vile. Spenser.

4. Money; -- in contempt.

The fatal muck we quarreled for. Beau. & Fl.
Muck bar, bar iron which has been through the rolls only once. -- Muck iron, crude puddled iron ready for the squeezer or rollers. Knight.

Muck

Muck, a. Like muck; mucky; also, used in collecting or distributing muck; as, a muck fork.

Muck

Muck, v. t. To manure with muck.

Muckender

Muck"en*der (?), n. [Sp. mocador. Cf. Mokadour.] A handkerchief. [Obs.] [Written also muckinder, muckiter, mockadour.]

Mucker

Muck"er (?), n. A term of reproach for a low or vulgar labor person. [Slang]

Mucker

Muck"er, v. t. To scrape together, as money, by mean labor or shifts. [Obs.] Udall.

Muckerer

Muck"er*er (?), n. A miser; a niggard. [Obs.]

Muckiness

Muck"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being mucky.

Muckle

Muc"kle (?), a. [See Mickle.] Much. [Obs.]

Muckmidden

Muck"mid`den (?), n. A dunghill. [Scot.]

Mucksy

Muck"sy (?), a. Somewhat mucky; soft, sticky, and dirty; muxy. [Prov. Eng.] R. D. Blackmore.

Muckworm

Muck"worm` (?), n.

1. (Zo\'94l.) A larva or grub that lives in muck or manure; -- applied to the larv\'91 of the tumbledung and allied beetles.

2. One who scrapes together money by mean labor and devices; a miser. "Misers are muckworms." Pope.

Mucky

Muck"y (?), a.

1. Filthy with muck; miry; as, a mucky road. "Mucky filth." Spenser.

2. Vile, in a moral sense; sordid. [Obs.] Spenser.

Mucky money and false felicity. Latimer.

Mucocele

Mu"co*cele (?), n. [Mucus + Gr. (Med.) An enlargement or protrusion of the mucous membrane of the lachrymal passages, or dropsy of the lachrymal sac, dependent upon catarrhal inflammation of the latter. Dunglison.

Mucoid

Mu"coid (?), a. [Mucus + -oid.] Resembling mucus. Dunglison. Mucoid degeneration, a form of degeneration in which the tissues are transformed into a semisolid substance resembling mucus. Quain.

Muconate

Mu"co*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of muconic acid.

Muconic

Mu*con"ic (?), a. [Mucic + itaconic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid, obtained indirectly from mucic acid, and somewhat resembling itaconic acid.

Mucopurulent

Mu`co*pu"ru*lent (?), a. [Mucus + purulent.] (Med.) Having the character or appearance of both mucus and pus. Dunglison.

Mucor

Mu"cor (?), n. [L., fr. mucere to be moldy or musty.] (Bot.) A genus of minute fungi. The plants consist of slender threads with terminal globular sporangia; mold.

Mucosity

Mu*cos"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being mucous or slimy; mucousness.

Mucous

Mu"cous (?), a. [L. mucosus, fr. mucus mucus.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, mucus; slimy, ropy, or stringy, and lubricous; as, a mucous substance.

2. Secreting a slimy or mucigenous substance; as, the mucous membrane. Mucous membrane. (Anat.) See under Membrane. -- Mucous patches (Med.), elevated patches found in the mucous membranes of the mouth and anus, usually due to syphilis. -- Mucous tissue (Anat.), a form of connective tissue in an early stage of development, found in the umbilical cord and in the embryo, and also in certain tumors called myxomata.

Mucousness

Mu"cous*ness, n. The quality or state of being mucous; sliminess.

Mucro

Mu"cro (?), n. [L.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) A minute abrupt point, as of a leaf; any small, sharp point or process, terminating a larger part or organ.

Mucronate, Mucronated

Mu"cro*nate (?), Mu"cro*na`ted (?), a. [L. mucronatus, fr. mucro a sharp point: cf. F. mucron\'82.] Ending abruptly in a sharp point; abruptly tipped with a short and sharp point; as, a mucronate leaf. -- Mu"cro*nate*ly, adv.

Mucronulate

Mu*cron"u*late (?), a. Having, or tipped with, a small point or points.

Muculent

Mu"cu*lent (?), a. [L. muculentus, fr. mucus.] Slimy; moist, and moderately viscous.

Mucus

Mu"cus (?), n. [L. mucus, muccus; cf. mucere 8be moldy or musty, Gr. muc to release. Cf. Match for striking fire, Moist, Mucilage.]

1. (Physiol.) A viscid fluid secreted by mucous membranes, which it serves to moisten and protect. It covers the lining membranes of all the cavities which open externally, such as those of the mouth, nose, lungs, intestinal canal, urinary passages, etc.

2. (Physiol.) Any other animal fluid of a viscid quality, as the synovial fluid, which lubricates the cavities of the joints; -- improperly so used.

3. (Bot.) A gelatinous or slimy substance found in certain alg\'91 and other plants.

Mucusin

Mu"cus*in (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) Mucin. [R.]

Mud

Mud (?), n. [Akin to LG. mudde, D. modder, G. moder mold, OSw. modd mud, Sw. modder mother, Dan. mudder mud. Cf. Mother a scum on liquors.] Earth and water mixed so as to be soft and adhesive. Mud bass (Zo\'94l.), a fresh-water fish (Acantharchum pomotis) of the Eastern United States. It produces a deep grunting note. -- Mud bath, an immersion of the body, or some part of it, in mud charged with medicinal agents, as a remedy for disease. -- Mud boat, a large flatboat used in deredging. -- Mud cat. See Catfish. -- Mud crab (Zo\'94l.), any one of several American marine crabs of the genus Panopeus. -- Mud dab (Zo\'94l.), the winter flounder. See Flounder, and Dab. -- Mud dauber (Zo\'94l.), a mud wasp. -- Mud devil (Zo\'94l.), the fellbender. -- Mud drum (Steam Boilers), a drum beneath a boiler, into which sediment and mud in the water can settle for removal. -- Mud eel (Zo\'94l.), a long, slender, aquatic amphibian (Siren lacertina), found in the Southern United States. It has persistent external gills and only the anterior pair of legs. See Siren. -- Mud frog (Zo\'94l.), a European frog (Pelobates fuscus). -- Mud hen. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The American coot (Fulica Americana). (b) The clapper rail. -- Mud lark, a person who cleans sewers, or delves in mud. [Slang] -- Mud minnow (Zo\'94l.), any small American fresh-water fish of the genus Umbra, as U. limi. The genus is allied to the pickerels. -- Mud plug, a plug for stopping the mudhole of a boiler. -- Mud puppy (Zo\'94l.), the menobranchus. -- Mud scow, a heavy scow, used in dredging; a mud boat. [U.S.] -- Mud turtle, Mud tortoise (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of fresh-water tortoises of the United States. -- Mud wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to Pep\'91us, and allied genera, which construct groups of mud cells, attached, side by side, to stones or to the woodwork of buildings, etc. The female places an egg in each cell, together with spiders or other insects, paralyzed by a sting, to serve as food for the larva. Called also mud dauber.

Mud

Mud, v. t.

1. To bury in mud. [R.] Shak.

2. To make muddy or turbid. Shak.

Mudar

Mu"dar (?), n. [Hind. mad\'ber.] (Bot.) Either one of two asclepiadaceous shrubs (Calotropis gigantea, and C. procera), which furnish a strong and valuable fiber. The acrid milky juice is used medicinally.

Mudarin

Mu"da*rin (?), n. (Chem.) A brown, amorphous, bitter substance having a strong emetic action, extracted from the root of the mudar.

Muddily

Mud"di*ly (?), In a muddy manner; turbidly; without mixture; cloudily; obscurely; confusedly.

Muddiness

Mud"di*ness, n.

1. The condition or quality of being muddy; turbidness; foulness casued by mud, dirt, or sediment; as, the muddiness of a stream.

2. Obscurity or confusion, as in treatment of a subject; intellectual dullness.

Muddle

Mud"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Muddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Muddling (?).] [From Mud.]

1. To make turbid, or muddy, as water. [Obs.]

He did ill to muddle the water. L'Estrange.

2. To cloud or stupefy; to render stupid with liquor; to intoxicate partially.

Epicurus seems to have had brains so muddled and confounded, that he scarce ever kept in the right way. Bentley.
Often drunk, always muddled. Arbuthnot.

3. To waste or misuse, as one does who is stupid or intoxicated. [R.]

They muddle it [money] away without method or object, and without having anything to show for it. Hazlitt.

4. To mix confusedly; to confuse; to make a mess of; as, to muddle matters; also, to perplex; to mystify. F. W. Newman.

Muddle

Mud"dle, v. i.

1. To dabble in mud. [Obs.] Swift.

2. To think and act in a confused, aimless way.

Muddle

Mud"dle, n. A state of being turbid or confused; hence, intellectual cloudiness or dullness.
We both grub on in a muddle. Dickens.

Muddlehead

Mud"dle*head` (?), n. A stupid person. [Colloq.] C. Reade. -- Mud"dle-head`ed, a. [Colloq.] Dickens.

Muddler

Mud"dler (?), n. One who, or that which, muddles.

Muddy

Mud"dy (?), a. [Compar. Muddier (?); superl. Muddiest.]

1. Abounding in mud; besmeared or dashed with mud; as, a muddy road or path; muddy boots.

2. Turbid with mud; as, muddy water.

3. Consisting of mud or earth; gross; impure.

This muddy vesture of decay. Shak.

4. Confused, as if turbid with mud; cloudy in mind; dull; stupid; also, immethodical; incoherent; vague.

Cold hearts and muddy understandings. Burke.
Dost think I am so muddy, so unsettled. Shak.

5. Not clear or bright. Swift.

Muddy

Mud"dy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Muddied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Muddying (?).]

1. To soil with mud; to dirty; to render turbid.

2. Fig.: To cloud; to make dull or heavy. Grew.

Muddy-headed

Mud"dy-head`ed (?), a. Dull; stupid.

Muddy-mettled

Mud"dy-met`tled (?), a. Dull-spirited. Shak.

Mudfish

Mud"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European loach. (b) The bowfin. (c) The South American lipedosiren, and the allied African species (Protopterus annectens). See Lipedosiren. (d) The mud minnow.

Mudhole

Mud"hole` (?), n.

1. A hole, or hollow place, containing mud, as in a road.

2. (Steam Boilers) A hole near the bottom, through which the sediment is withdrawn.

Mudir

Mu"dir (?), n. Same as Moodir.

Mudsill

Mud"sill` (?), n. The lowest sill of a structure, usually embedded in the soil; the lowest timber of a house; also, that sill or timber of a bridge which is laid at the bottom of the water. See Sill.

Mudsucker

Mud"suck`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A woodcock.

Mudwall

Mud"wall` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European bee-eater. See Bee-eater. [Written also modwall.]

Mudwort

Mud"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A small herbaceous plant growing on muddy shores (Limosella aquatica).

Mue

Mue (?), v. i. To mew; to molt. [Obs.] Quarles.

Muezzin

Mu*ez"zin (?), n. [Ar.] A Mohammedan crier of the hour of prayer. [Written also mouezzin, mueddin, and muwazzin.]

Muff

Muff (?), n. [Cf. LG. muff, D. mof, G., Dan., & Sw. muff, F. moufle mitten, LL. muffula, MHG. mouwe sleeve, D. mouw, and E. muffle, v.]

1. A soft cover of cylindrical form, usually of fur, worn by women to shield the hands from cold.

2. (Mech.) A short hollow cylinder surrounding an object, as a pipe.

3. (Glass Manuf.) A blown cylinder of glass which is afterward flattened out to make a sheet.

4. [Perhaps a different word; cf. Prov. E. maffle to slammer.] A stupid fellow; a poor-spirited person. [Colloq.] "A muff of a curate." Thackeray.

5. [See 4.] (Baseball) A failure to hold a ball when once in the hands.

6. (Zo\'94l.) The whitethroat. [Prov. Eng.]

Muff

Muff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Muffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Muffing.] To handle awkwardly; to fumble; to fail to hold, as a ball, in catching it.

Muffetee

Muf`fe*tee" (?), n. A small muff worn over the wrist. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Muffin

Muf"fin (?), n. [From Muff.] A light, spongy, cylindrical cake, used for breakfast and tea.

Muffineer

Muf`fin*eer" (?), n. A dish for keeping muffins hot.

Muffish

Muff"ish (?), a. [See Muff, 4 & 5.] Stupid; awkward. [Colloq.]

Muffle

Muf"fle (?), n. The bare end of the nose between the nostrils; -- used esp. of ruminants.

Muffle

Muf"fle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Muffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Muffling (?).] [Cf. F. moufle a mitten, LL. muffula, OD. moffel a muff. See Muff.]

1. To wrap up in something that conceals or protects; to wrap, as the face and neck, in thick and disguishing folds; hence, to conceal or cover the face of; to envelop; to inclose; -- often with up. South.

The face lies muffled up within the garment. Addison.
He muffled with a cloud his mournful eyes. Dryden.
Muffled up in darkness and superstition. Arbuthnot.

2. To prevent seeing, or hearing, or speaking, by wraps bound about the head; to blindfold; to deafen.

3. To wrap with something that dulls or deadens the sound of; as, to muffle the strings of a drum, or that part of an oar which rests in the rowlock.

Muffle

Muf"fle, v. i. [Cf. F. maffle, mumble, D. moffelen.] To speak indistinctly, or without clear articulation.

Muffle

Muf"fle, n. [F. moufle, prop., a mitten, from the resemblance in shape. See Muffle, v. t., Muff.]

1. Anything with which another thing, as an oar or drum, is muffled; also, a boxing glove; a muff.

2. (Metal.) An earthenware compartment or oven, often shaped like a half cylinder, used in furnaces to protect objects heated from the direct action of the fire, as in scorification of ores, cupellation of ore buttons, etc.

3. (Ceramics) A small oven for baking and fixing the colors of painted or printed pottery, without exposing the pottery to the flames of the furnace or kiln.

4. A pulley block containing several sheaves. Knight.

Muffler

Muf"fler (?), n.

1. Anything used in muffling; esp., a scarf for protecting the head and neck in cold weather; a tippet.

Fortune is painted blind, with a muffler above her eyes. Shak.

2. (Mus.) A cushion for terminating or softening a note made by a stringed instrument with a keyboard.

3. A kind of mitten or boxing glove, esp. when stuffed.

4. One who muffles.

Muflon

Muf"lon (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Mouflon.

Mufti

Muf"ti (?), n.; pl. Muftis (#). [Ar. mufti.] An official expounder of Mohammedan law.

Mufti

Muf"ti, n. Citizen's dress when worn by a naval or military officer; -- a term derived from the British service in India. [Colloq. Eng.]

Mug

Mug (?), n. [Cf. Ir. mugam a mug, mucog a cup.]

1. A kind of earthen or metal drinking cup, with a handle, -- usually cylindrical and without a lip.

2. The face or mouth. [Slang] Thackeray.

Muggard

Mug"gard (?), a. [Cf. G. mucker a sulky person, muckish sullen, peevish, mucken to mutter, grumble.] Sullen; displeased. [Obs.]

Mugget

Mug"get (?), n. The small entrails of a calf or a hog.

Mugginess

Mug"gi*ness (?), n. The condition or quality of being muggy.

Muggish

Mug"gish (?), a. See Muggy.

Muggletonian

Mug`gle*to"ni*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of an extinct sect, named after Ludovic Muggleton, an English journeyman tailor, who (about 1657) claimed to be inspired. Eadie.

Muggy

Mug"gy (?), a. [Compar. Muggier (?); superl. Muggiest.] [Cf. Icel. mugga mist, mugginess. Cf. 4th Mold.]

1. Moist; damp; moldy; as, muggy straw.

2. Warm, damp, and close; as, muggy air, weather.


Page 952

Mughouse

Mug"house` (?), n. An alehouse; a pothouse. Tickel.

Mugiency

Mu"gi*en*cy (?), n. A bellowing. [Obs.]

Mugient

Mu"gi*ent (?), a. [L. mugiens, p.pr. of mugire to bellow.] Lowing; bellowing. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Mugil

Mu"gil (?), n. [L., a sort of fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fishes including the gray mullets. See Mullet.

Mugiloid

Mu"gi*loid (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the genus Mugil, or family Mugilid\'91.

Mugweed

Mug"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A slender European weed (Galium Cruciata); -- called also crossweed.

Mugwort

Mug"wort` (?), n. [AS. mucgwyrt. Cf. Midge.] (Bot.) A somewhat aromatic composite weed (Artemisia vulgaris), at one time used medicinally; -- called also motherwort.

Mugwump

Mug"wump` (?), n. [Cf. Algonquin mugquomp a chief.] A bolter from the Republican party in the national election of 1884; an Independent. [Political Cant, U.S.]

Mugwumpery, Mugwumpism

Mug"wump`er*y (?), Mug"wump*ism (?), n. The acts and views of the mugwumps. [Political Cant, U.S.]

Muhammadan, Muhammedan

Mu*ham"mad*an (?), Mu*ham"med*an (?), a. & n. Mohammedan.

Muhammadanism

Mu*ham"mad*an*ism (?), n. Mohammedanism.

Mulada

Mu*la"da (?), n. A moor. [Scot.] Lockhart.

Mulada

Mu*la"da (?), n. [Sp. Amer., fr. Sp. mulo, mula, a mule.] A drove of mules. [Southwest. U.S.]

Mulatto

Mu*lat"to (?), n.; pl. Mulattoes (#). [Sp. & Pg. mulato, masc., mulata, fem., of a mixed breed, fr. mulo mule, L. mulus. See Mule.] The offspring of a negress by a white man, or of a white woman by a negro, -- usually of a brownish yellow complexion.

Mulattress

Mu*lat"tress, n. A female mulatto. G. W. Gable.

Mulberry

Mul"ber*ry (?), n.; pl. Mulberries (#). [OE. moolbery, murberie, AS. murberie, where the first part is fr. L. morum mulberry; cf. Gr. Murrey, Sycamore.]

1. (Bot.) The berry or fruit of any tree of the genus Morus; also, the tree itself. See Morus.

2. A dark pure color, like the hue of a black mulberry. Mulberry mass. (Biol.) See Morula. -- Paper mulberry, a tree (Broussonetia papyrifera), related to the true mulberry, used in Polynesia for making tapa cloth by macerating and pounding the inner bark, and in China and Japan for the manufacture of paper. It is seen as a shade tree in America.

Mulberry-faced

Mul"ber*ry-faced` (-f&amac;st`), a. Having a face of a mulberry color, or blotched as if with mulberry stains.

Mulch

Mulch (?), n. [Cf. mull dirt, also Prov. G. mulsch, molsch, rotten, soft, mellow, as fruit.] Half-rotten straw, or any like substance strewn on the ground, as over the roots of plants, to protect from heat, drought, etc., and to preserve moisture.

Mulch

Mulch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mulched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mulching.] To cover or dress with mulch.

Mulct

Mulct (?), n. [L. mulcta, multa.]

1. A fine or penalty, esp. a pecuniary punishment or penalty.

2. A blemish or defect. [Obs.] Syn. -- Amercement; forfeit; forfeiture; penalty.

Mulct

Mulct, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mulcted; p. pr. & vb. n. Mulcting.] [L. mulctare, multare.]

1. To punish for an offense or misdemeanor by imposing a fine or forfeiture, esp. a pecuniary fine; to fine.

2. Hence, to deprive of; to withhold by way of punishment or discipline. [Obs.]

Mulctary, Mulctuary

Mulc"ta*ry (?), Mulc"tu*a*ry (?), a. Imposing a pecuniary penalty; consisting of, or paid as, a fine.
Fines, or some known mulctuary punishments. Sir W. Temple.

Mule

Mule (?), n. [F., a she-mule, L. mula, fem. of mulus; cf. Gr. m, fr. L. mulus. Cf. Mulatto.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) A hybrid animal; specifically, one generated between an ass and a mare, sometimes a horse and a she-ass. See Hinny. &hand; Mules are much used as draught animals. They are hardy, and proverbial for stubbornness.

2. (Bot.) A plant or vegetable produced by impregnating the pistil of one species with the pollen or fecundating dust of another; -- called also hybrid.

3. A very stubborn person.

4. A machine, used in factories, for spinning cotton, wool, etc., into yarn or thread and winding it into cops; -- called also jenny and mule-jenny. Mule armadillo (Zo\'94l.), a long-eared armadillo (Tatusia hybrida), native of Buenos Ayres; -- called also mulita. See Illust. under Armadillo. -- Mule deer (Zo\'94l.), a large deer (Cervus, ∨ Cariacus, macrotis) of the Western United States. The name refers to its long ears. -- Mule pulley (Mach.), an idle pulley for guiding a belt which transmits motion between shafts that are not parallel. -- Mule twist, cotton yarn in cops, as spun on a mule; -- in distinction from yarn spun on a throstle frame.

Mule-jenny

Mule"-jen`ny (?), n. See Mule, 4.

Muleteer

Mu`le*teer" (?), n. [F. muletier, fr. mulet a mule, dim. fr. L. mulus.] One who drives mules.

Mulewort

Mule"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A fern of the genus Hemionitis.

Muley

Mu"ley (?), n. (Sawmills) A stiff, long saw, guided at the ends but not stretched in a gate. Muley axle (Railroad), a car axle without collars at the outer ends of the journals. Forney.

Muley

Mul"ey (?), n. See Mulley.

Muliebrity

Mu`li*eb"ri*ty (?), n. [L. muliebritas, fr. muliebris belonging to a woman, fr. mulier a woman.]

1. The state of being a woman or of possessing full womanly powers; womanhood; -- correlate of virility.

2. Hence: Effeminancy; softness.

Mulier

Mu"li*er (?), n. [L., a woman.]

1. A woman.

2. (Law) (a) Lawful issue born in wedlock, in distinction from an elder brother born of the same parents before their marriage; a lawful son. (b) (Civ. Law) A woman; a wife; a mother. Blount. Cowell.

Mulierly

Mu"li*er*ly, adv. In the manner or condition of a mulier; in wedlock; legitimately. [Obs.]

Mulierose

Mu"li*er*ose` (?), a. [L. mulierosus.] Fond of woman. [R.] Charles Reade.

Mulierosity

Mu`li*er*os"i*ty (?), n. [L. mulierositas.] A fondness for women. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Mulierty

Mu"li*er*ty (?), n. (Law) Condition of being a mulier; position of one born in lawful wedlock.

Mulish

Mul"ish (?), a. Like a mule; sullen; stubborn. -- Mul"ish*ly, adv. -- Mul"ish*ness, n.

Mull

Mull (?), n. [Perh. contr. fr. mossul. See Muslin.] A thin, soft kind of muslin.

Mull

Mull, n. [Icel. m a snout, muzzle, projecting crag; or cf. Ir. & Gael. meall a heap of earth, a mound, a hill or eminence, W. moel. Cf. Mouth.]

1. A promontory; as, the Mull of Cantyre. [Scot.]

2. A snuffbox made of the small end of a horn.

Mull

Mull, n. [Prob. akin to mold. \'fb108. See Mold.] Dirt; rubbish. [Obs.] Gower.

Mull

Mull, v. t. [OE. mullen. See 2d Muller.] To powder; to pulverize. [Prov. Eng.]

Mull

Mull, v. i. To work (over) mentally; to cogitate; to ruminate; -- usually with over; as, to mull over a thought or a problem. [Colloq. U.S.]

Mull

Mull, n. An inferior kind of madder prepared from the smaller roots or the peelings and refuse of the larger.

Mull

Mull, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mulled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mulling.] [From mulled, for mold, taken as a p.p.; OE. mold-ale funeral ale or banquet. See Mold soil.]

1. To heat, sweeten, and enrich with spices; as, to mull wine.

New cider, mulled with ginger warm. Gay.

2. To dispirit or deaden; to dull or blunt. Shak.

Mulla

Mul"la (?), n. Same as Mollah.

Mullagatawny

Mul`la*ga*taw"ny (?), n. [Tamil milagu-tann\'c6r pepper water.] An East Indian curry soup.

Mullah

Mul"lah (?), n. See Mollah.

Mullar

Mul"lar (?), n. A die, cut in intaglio, for stamping an ornament in relief, as upon metal.

Mullein

Mul"lein (?), n. [OE. moleyn, AS. molegn.] (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Verbascum. They are tall herbs having coarse leaves, and large flowers in dense spikes. The common species, with densely woolly leaves, is Verbascum Thapsus. Moth mullein. See under Moth. -- Mullein foxglove, an American herb (Seymeria macrophylla) with coarse leaves and yellow tubular flowers with a spreading border. -- Petty mullein, the cowslip. Dr. Prior.

Mullen

Mul"len (?), n. (Bot.) See Mullein.

Muller

Mull"er (?), n.

1. One who, or that which, mulls.

2. A vessel in which wine, etc., is mulled over a fire.

Muller

Mull"er, n. [OE. mullen to pulverize, bruise; cf. Icel. mylja; prob. akin to E. mold soil. See Mold soil, and cf. Mull dirt.] A stone or thick lump of glass, or kind of pestle, flat at the bottom, used for grinding pigments or drugs, etc., upon a slab of similar material.

M\'81llerian

M\'81l*le"ri*an (?), a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Johannes M\'81ller. M\'81llerian ducts (Anat.), a pair of embryonic ducts which give rise to the genital passages in the female, but disappear in the male. -- M\'81llerian fibers (Anat.), the sustentacular or connective-tissue fibers which form the framework of the retina.

Mullet

Mul"let (?), n. [OE. molet, mulet, F. mulet, fr. L. mullus.]

1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous fishes of the genus Mugil; -- called also gray mullets. They are found on the coasts of both continents, and are highly esteemed as food. Among the most valuable species are Mugil capito of Europe, and M. cephalus which occurs both on the European and American coasts.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of the genus Mullus, or family Mullid\'91; called also red mullet, and surmullet, esp. the plain surmullet (Mullus barbatus), and the striped surmullet (M. surmulletus) of Southern Europe. The former is the mullet of the Romans. It is noted for the brilliancy of its colors. See Surmullet. French mullet. See Ladyfish (a).

Mullet

Mul"let, n. [F. molette.] (Her.) A star, usually five pointed and pierced; -- when used as a difference it indicates the third son.

Mullet

Mul"let, n. [Cf. F. molet a sort of pinchers.] Small pinchers for curling the hair. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Mulley, Moolley

Mul"ley (?), Mool"ley, n. [CF. Gael. maolag a hornless cow, maol bald, hornless, blunt.]

1. A mulley or polled animal. [U. S.]

2. A cow. [Prov. Eng.; U.S., a child's word.]

Leave milking and dry up old mulley, thy cow. Tusser.

Mulley, Moolley

Mul"ley (?), Mool"ley, a. Destitute of horns, although belonging to a species of animals most of which have horns; hornless; polled; as, mulley cattle; a mulley (or moolley) cow. [U. S.] [Written also muley.]

Mulligatawny

Mul`li*ga*taw"ny (?), n. See Mullagatawny.

Mulligrubs

Mul"li*grubs (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E. mull to squeeze, pull about, mulling numb or dull.]

1. A griping of the intestines; colic. [Slang]

Whose dog lies sick of the mulligrubs? Beau. & Fl.

2. Hence, sullenness; the sulks. [Slang]

Mullingong

Mul"lin*gong (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Duck mole, under Duck. [Written also mollingong.]

Mullion

Mul"lion (?), n. [A corruption of munnion, F. moignon stump of an amputated limb, stump, OF. moing mutilated; cf. Armor. mo\'a4, mou\'a4, mank, monk, and also L. mancus maimed.] (Arch.) (a) A slender bar or pier which forms the division between the lights of windows, screens, etc. (b) An upright member of a framing. See Stile.

Mullion

Mul"lion, v. t. To furnish with mullions; to divide by mullions.

Mullock

Mul"lock (?), n. [From Mull dirt: cf. Scot. mulloch, mulock, crumb. \'fb108.] Rubbish; refuse; dirt. [Obs.]
All this mullok [was] in a sieve ythrowe. Chaucer.

Mulliod

Mul"liod (?), a. [NL. Mullus, generic name (fr. L. mullus surmullet) + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the genus Mullus, which includes the surmullet, or red mullet.

Mulmul

Mul"mul (?), n. A fine, soft muslin; mull.

Mulse

Mulse (?), n. [L. mulsum (sc. vinum), fr. mulsus mixed with honey, honey-sweet, p.p. of mulcere to sweeten, soften.] Wine boiled and mingled with honey.

Mult-

Mult-. See Multi-.

Multangular

Mul*tan"gu*lar (?), a. [L. multangulus; multus much, many + angulus angle: cf. F. multangulaire.] Having many angles. -- Mul*tan"gu*lar*ly, adv. -- Mul*tan"gu*lar*ness, n.

Multanimous

Mul*tan"i*mous (?), a. [Mult- + L. animus mind.] Many-minded; many-sided.
The multanimous nature of the poet. J. R. Lowell.

Multarticulate

Mul`tar*tic"u*late (?), a. [Mult- + articulate.] Having many articulations or joints.

Multeity

Mul*te"i*ty (?), n. [L. multus much, many.] Multiplicity. [R.] Coleridge.

Multi-, Mult-

Mul"ti- (?), Mult- (?). [L. multus much.] A prefix signifying much or many; several; more than one; as, multiaxial, multocular.

Multiaxial

Mul`ti*ax"i*al (?), a. [Multi- + axial.] (Biol.) Having more than one axis; developing in more than a single line or plain; -- opposed to monoaxial.

Multicapsular

Mul`ti*cap"su*lar (?), a. [Multi- + capsular: cf. F. multicapsulaire.] (Bot.) Having many, or several, capsules.

Multicarinate

Mul`ti*car"i*nate (?), a. [Multi- + carinate.] (Zo\'94l.) Many-keeled.

Multicavous

Mul`ti*ca"vous (?), a. [L. multicavus; multus much, many + cavum, cavus, a cavity, hole, fr. cavus hollow.] Having many cavities.

Multicellular

Mul`ti*cel"lu*lar (?), a. Consisting of, or having, many cells or more than one cell.

Multicentral

Mul`ti*cen"tral (?), a. [Multi- + central.] Having many, or several, centers; as, a multicentral cell. Multicental development (Biol.), growth, or development, from several centers. According as the insubordination to a single center is more or less pronounced, the resultant organism will be more or less irregular in form and may even discontinuous.

Multicipital

Mul`ti*cip"i*tal (?), a. [Multi- + L. caput head.] (Bot.) Having many heads or many stems from one crown or root. Gray.

Multicolor

Mul"ti*col`or (?), a. [See Multi-, and Color.] Having many, or several, colors.

Multicostate

Mul`ti*cos"tate (?), a. [Multi- + costate.] Having numerous ribs, or cost\'91, as the leaf of a plant, or as certain shells and corals.

Multicuspid

Mul`ti*cus"pid (?), a. [See Multi-, and Cuspid.] Multicuspidate; -- said of teeth.

Multicuspidate

Mul`ti*cus"pi*date (?), a. [Multi- + cuspidate.] Having many cusps or points.

Multidentate

Mul`ti*den"tate (?), a. [Multi- + dentate.] Having many teeth, or toothlike processes.

Multidigitate

Mul`ti*dig"i*tate (?), a. [Multi- + digitate.] Having many fingers, or fingerlike processes.

Multifaced

Mul"ti*faced` (?), a. [Multi- + face.] Having many faces.

Multifarious

Mul`ti*fa"ri*ous (?), a. [L. multifarius; multus much, many. Cf. Bifarious.]

1. Having multiplicity; having great diversity or variety; of various kinds; diversified; made up of many differing parts; manifold.

There is a multifarious artifice in the structure of the meanest animal. Dr. H. More.

2. (Bot.) Having parts, as leaves, arranged in many vertical rows.

Multifariously

Mul`ti*fa"ri*ous*ly, adv. With great multiplicity and diversity; with variety of modes and relations.

Multifariousness

Mul`ti*fa"ri*ous*ness, n.

1. Multiplied diversity.

2. (Law) The fault of improperly uniting in one bill distinct and independent matters, and thereby confounding them. Burrill.

Multiferous

Mul*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. multifer; multus much, many + ferre to bear.] Bearing or producing much or many. [R.]

Multifid

Mul"ti*fid (?), a. [L. multifidus; multus much, many + findere to split: cf. F. multifide.] (Bot.) Having many segments; cleft into several parts by linear sinuses; as, a multifid leaf or corolla.

Multiflorous

Mul`ti*flo"rous (?), a. [L. multiflorus; multus much, many + flos, floris, flower: cf. F. multiflore.] (Bot.) Having many flowers.
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Multiflue

Mul"ti*flue (?), a. [Multi- + flue.] Having many flues; as, a multiflue boiler. See Boiler.

Multifoil

Mul"ti*foil (?), n. [Multi- + foil.] (Arch.) An ornamental foliation consisting of more than five divisions or foils. [R.] See Foil.

Multifoil

Mul"ti*foil, a. Having more than five divisions or foils.

Multifold

Mul"ti*fold (?), a. [Multi- + fold.] Many times doubled; manifold; numerous.

Multiform

Mul"ti*form (?), a. [L. multiformis; multus much, many + forma shape: cf. F. multiforme.] Having many forms, shapes, or appearances.
A plastic and multiform unit. Hare.

Multiformity

Mul`ti*form"i*ty (?), n. [L. multiformitas.] The quality of being multiform; diversity of forms; variety of appearances in the same thing. Purchas.

Multiformous

Mul`ti*form"ous (?), a. Multiform. [Obs.]

Multigenerous

Mul`ti*gen"er*ous (?), a. [L. multigenerus; multus + genus, generis, kind.] Having many kinds.

Multigranulate

Mul`ti*gran"u*late (?), a. [Multi- + granulate.] Having, or consisting of, many grains.

Multijugate

Mul*tij"u*gate (?), a. Having many pairs of leaflets.

Multijugous

Mul*tij"u*gous (?), a. [L. multijugus; multus + jugum yoke.]

1. Consisting of many parts.

2. (Bot.) Same as Multijugate.

Multilateral

Mul`ti*lat"er*al (?), a. [Multi- + lateral.] Having many sides; many-sided.

Multilineal

Mul`ti*lin"e*al (?), a. [Multi- + lineal.] Having many lines. Steevens.

Multilobar

Mul`ti*lo"bar (?), a. [Multi- + lobar.] Consisting of, or having, many lobes.

Multilocular

Mul`ti*loc"u*lar (?), a. [Multi- + locular: cf. F. multiloculaire.] Having many or several cells or compartments; as, a multilocular shell or capsule.

Multiloquence

Mul*til"o*quence (?), n. Quality of being multiloquent; use of many words; talkativeness.

Multiloquent, Multiloquous

Mul*til"o*quent (?), Mul*til"o*quous (?), a. [L. multiloquus; multus much, many + loqui to speak.] Speaking much; very talkative; loquacious.

Multiloquy

Mul*til"o*quy (?), n. [L. multiloquium.] Excess of words or talk. [R.]

Multinodate

Mul`ti*no"date (?), a. [Multi- + nodate.] Having many knots or nodes.

Multinodous

Mul`ti*no"dous (?), a. [L. multinodus.] Same as Multinodate.

Multinomial

Mul`ti*no"mi*al (?), n. & a. [Multi- + -nomial, as in binomial. See Binomial.] (Alg.) Same as Polynomial.

Multinominal, Multinominous

Mul`ti*nom"i*nal (?), Mul`ti*nom"i*nous (?), a. [L. multinominis; multus many + nomen nominis name.] Having many names or terms.

Multinuclear

Mul`ti*nu"cle*ar (?), a. [Multi- + nuclear.] (Biol.) Containing many nuclei; as, multinuclear cells.

Multinucleate, Multinucleated

Mul`ti*nu"cle*ate (?), Mul`ti*nu"cle*a`ted (?), a. (Biol.) Multinuclear.

Multiparous

Mul*tip"a*rous (?), a. [Multi- + L. parere to produce: cf. F. multipare.] Producing many, or more than one, at a birth.

Multipartite

Mul*tip"ar*tite (?), a. [L. multipartitus multus much, many partitus divided, p.p.: cf. F. multipartite. See Partite.] Divided into many parts; having several parts.

Multiped

Mul"ti*ped (?), n. [L. multipes, multipeda; multus much, many + pes, pedis, foot: cf. F. multip\'8ade.] (Zo\'94l.) An insect having many feet, as a myriapod.

Multiped

Mul"ti*ped, a. Having many feet.

Multiple

Mul"ti*ple (?), a. [Cf. F. multiple, and E. quadruple, and multiply.] Containing more than once, or more than one; consisting of more than one; manifold; repeated many times; having several, or many, parts. Law of multiple proportion (Chem.), the generalization that when the same elements unite in more than one proportion, forming two or more different compounds, the higher proportions of the elements in such compounds are simple multiplies of the lowest proportion, or the proportions are connected by some simple common factor; thus, iron and oxygen unite in the proportions FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, in which compounds, considering the oxygen, 3 and 4 are simple multiplies of 1. Called also the Law of Dalton, from its discoverer. -- Multiple algebra, a branch of advanced mathematics that treats of operations upon units compounded of two or more unlike units. -- Multiple conjugation (Biol.), a coalescence of many cells (as where an indefinite number of am\'d2boid cells flow together into a single mass) from which conjugation proper and even fertilization may have been evolved. -- Multiple fruits. (Bot.) See Collective fruit, under Collective. -- Multiple star (Astron.), several stars in close proximity, which appear to form a single system.

Multiple

Mul"ti*ple, n. (Math.) A quantity containing another quantity a number of times without a remainder. &hand; A common multiple of two or more numbers contains each of them a number of times exactly; thus, 24 is a common multiple of 3 and 4. The least common multiple is the least number that will do this; thus, 12 is the least common multiple of 3 and 4.

Multiplex

Mul"ti*plex (?), a. [L. multiplex, -plicis. See Multiply.] Manifold; multiple.

Multipliable

Mul"ti*pli`a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. multipliable.] Capable of being multiplied. -- Mul"ti*pli`a*ble*ness, n.

Multiplicable

Mul"ti*pli*ca*ble (?), a. [L. multiplicabilis.] Capable of being multiplied; multipliable.

Multiplicand

Mul"ti*pli*cand` (?), n. [L. multiplicandus to be multiplied: cf. F. multiplicande.] (Math.) The number which is to be multiplied by another number called the multiplier. See Note under Multiplication.

Multiplicate

Mul"ti*pli*cate (?), a. [L. multiplicatus, p.p. of multiplicare. See Multiply.] Consisting of many, or of more than one; multiple; multifold. Multiplicate flower (Bot.), a flower that is double, or has an unusual number of petals in consequence of the abnormal multiplication of the parts of the floral whorls.

Multiplication

Mul`ti*pli*ca"tion (?), n. [L. multiplicatio: cf. F. multiplication. See Multiply.]

1. The act or process of multiplying, or of increasing in number; the state of being multiplied; as, the multiplication of the human species by natural generation.

The increase and multiplication of the world. Thackeray.

2. (Math.) The process of repeating, or adding to itself, any given number or quantity a certain number of times; commonly, the process of ascertaining by a briefer computation the result of such repeated additions; also, the rule by which the operation is performed; -- the reverse of division. &hand; The word multiplication is sometimes used in mathematics, particularly in multiple algebra, to denote any distributive operation expressed by one symbol upon any quantity or any thing expressed by another symbol. Corresponding extensions of meaning are given to the words multiply, multiplier, multiplicand, and product. Thus, since φ(x + y) = φx + φy (see under Distributive), where φ(x + y), φx, and φy indicate the results of any distributive operation represented by the symbol φ upon x + y, x, and y, severally, then because of many very useful analogies φ(x + y) is called the product of φ and x + y, and the operation indicated by φ is called multiplication. Cf. Facient, n., 2.

3. (Bot.) An increase above the normal number of parts, especially of petals; augmentation.

4. The art of increasing gold or silver by magic, -- attributed formerly to the alchemists. [Obs.] Chaucer. Multiplication table, a table giving the product of a set of numbers multiplied in some regular way; commonly, a table giving the products of the first ten or twelve numbers multiplied successively by 1, 2, 3, etc., up to 10 or 12.<-- also, times table [used by students] -->

Multiplicative

Mul"ti*pli*ca*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. multiplicatif.] Tending to multiply; having the power to multiply, or incease numbers.

Multiplicatively

Mul"ti*pli*ca*tive*ly, adv. So as to multiply.

Multiplicator

Mul"ti*pli*ca`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. multiplicateur. Cf. Multiplier.] The number by which another number is multiplied; a multiplier.

Multiplicious

Mul`ti*pli"cious (?), a. [See Multiplex.] Manifold. [Obs.]

Multiplicity

Mul`ti*plic"ity (?), n. [Cf. F. multiplicit\'82.] The quality of being multiple, manifold, or various; a state of being many; a multitude; as, a multiplicity of thoughts or objects. "A multiplicity of goods." South.

Multiplier

Mul"ti*pli`er (?), n. [Cf. F. multiplier. Cf. Multiplicator.]

1. One who, or that which, multiplies or increases number.

2. (Math.) The number by which another number is multiplied. See the Note under Multiplication.

3. (Physics) An instrument for multiplying or increasing by repetition or accumulation the intensity of a force or action, as heat or electricity. It is particularly used to render such a force or action appreciable or measurable when feeble. See Thermomultiplier.

Multiply

Mul"ti*ply (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Multiplied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Multiplying (?).] [F. multiplier, L. multiplicare, fr. multiplex manifold. See Multitude, Complex.]

1. To increase in number; to make more numerous; to add quantity to.

Impunity will multiply motives to disobedience. Ames.

2. (Math.) To add (any given number or quantity) to itself a certain number of times; to find the product of by multiplication; thus 7 multiplied by 8 produces the number 56; to multiply two numbers. See the Note under Multiplication.

3. To increase (the amount of gold or silver) by the arts of alchemy. [Obs.] Multiplying gear (Mach.), gear for increasing speed. -- Multiplying lens. (Opt.) See under Lens.

Multiply

Mul"ti*ply, v. i.

1. To become greater in number; to become numerous.

When men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them. Gen. vi. 1.

2. To increase in extent and influence; to spread.

The word of God grew and multiplied. Acts xii. 24.

3. To increase amount of gold or silver by the arts of alchemy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Multipolar

Mul`ti*po"lar (?), a. [Multi- + polar.] (Biol.) Having many poles; -- applied especially to those ganglionic nerve cells which have several radiating processes.

Multipotent

Mul*tip"o*tent (?), a. [L. multipotens; multus much + potens powerful. See Potent.] Having manifold power, or power to do many things. "Jove multipotent." Shak.

Multipresence

Mul`ti*pres"ence (?), n. The state or power of being multipresent.
The multipresence of Christ's body. Bp. Hall.

Multipresent

Mul`ti*pres"ent (?), a. [Multi- + present, a.] Being, or having the power to be, present in two or more places at once.

Multiradiate

Mul`ti*ra"di*ate (?), a. [Multi- + radiate.] Having many rays.

Multiramified

Mul`ti*ram"i*fied (?), a. [Multi- + p.p. of ramify.] Divided into many branches.

Multiramose

Mul`ti*ra*mose" (?), a. [Multi- + ramose.] Having many branches.

Multiscious

Mul*tis"cious (?), a. [L. multiscius; multus much + scius knowing, fr. scire to know.] Having much or varied knowledge. [Obs.]

Multisect

Mul"ti*sect (?), a. [Multi- + L. sectus, p.p. of secare to cut.] (Zo\'94l.) Divided into many similar segments; -- said of an insect or myriapod.

Multiseptate

Mul`ti*sep"tate (?), a. [Multi- + septate.] (Bot.) Divided into many chambers by partitions, as the pith of the pokeweed.

Multiserial

Mul`ti*se"ri*al (?), a. [Multi- + serial.] (Bot.) Arranged in many rows, or series, as the scales of a pine cone, or the leaves of the houseleek.

Multisiliquous

Mul`ti*sil"i*quous (?), a. [Multi- + siliquious.] (Bot.) Having many pods or seed vessels.

Multisonous

Mul*tis"o*nous (?), a. [L. multisonus; multus much, many + sonus sound.] Having many sounds, or sounding much.

Multispiral

Mul`ti*spi"ral (?), a. [Multi- + spiral.] (Zo\'94l.) Having numerous spiral coils round a center or nucleus; -- said of the opercula of certain shells.

Multistriate

Mul`ti*stri"ate (?), a. [Multi- + striate.] Having many streaks.

Multisulcate

Mul`ti*sul"cate (?), a. [Multi- + sulcate.] Having many furrows.

Multisyllable

Mul"ti*syl`la*ble (?), n. [Multi- + syllable.] A word of many syllables; a polysyllable. [R.] -- Mul`ti*syl*lab"ic (#), a.

Multititular

Mul`ti*tit"u*lar (?), a. [Multi- + titular.] Having many titles.

Multitubular

Mul`ti*tu"bu*lar (?), a. [Multi- + tubular.] Having many tubes; as, a multitubular boiler.

Multitude

Mul"ti*tude (?), n. [F. multitude, L. multitudo, multitudinis, fr. multus much, many; of unknown origin.]

1. A great number of persons collected together; a numerous collection of persons; a crowd; an assembly.

But when he saw the multitudes, he was moved with compassion on them. Matt. ix. 36.

2. A great number of persons or things, regarded collectively; as, the book will be read by a multitude of people; the multitude of stars; a multitude of cares.

It is a fault in a multitude of preachers, that they uttery neglect method in their harangues. I. Watts.
A multitude of flowers As countless as the stars on high. Longfellow.

3. The state of being many; numerousness.

They came as grasshoppers for multitude. Judg. vi. 5.
The multitude, the populace; the mass of men. Syn. -- Throng; crowd; assembly; assemblage; commonalty; swarm; populace; vulgar. See Throng.

Multitudinary

Mul`ti*tu"di*na*ry (?), a. Multitudinous.

Multitudinous

Mul`ti*tu"di*nous (?), a.

1. Consisting of a multitude; manifold in number or condition; as, multitudinous waves. "The multitudinous seas." Shak.

A renewed jingling of multitudinous chains. G. Kennan.

2. Of or pertaining to a multitude. "The multitudinous tongue." Shak. -- Mul`ti*tu"di*nous*ly, adv. -- Mul`ti*tu"di*nous*ness, n.

Multivagant, Multivagous

Mul*tiv"a*gant (?), Mul*tiv"a*gous (?), a. [L. multivagus; multus much + vagus wandering; cf. vagans, p.pr. of vagari. See Vagary.] Wandering much. [Obs.]

Multivalence

Mul*tiv"a*lence (?), n. (Chem.) Quality, state, or degree, of a multivalent element, atom, or radical.

Multivalent

Mul*tiv"a*lent (?), a. [Multi- + L. valens, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.) (a) Having a valence greater than one, as silicon. (b) Having more than one degree of valence, as sulphur.

Multivalve

Mul"ti*valve (?), n. [Cf. F. multivalve.] (Zo\'94l.) Any mollusk which has a shell composed of more than two pieces.

Multivalve, Multivalvular

Mul"ti*valve (?), Mul`ti*val"vu*lar (?), a. [Multi- + valve, valvular: cf. F. multivalve.]

1. Having many valves.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Many-valved; having more than two valves; -- said of certain shells, as the chitons.

Multiversant

Mul*tiv"er*sant (?), a. [Multi- + L. versans, p. pr. See Versant.] Turning into many shapes; assuming many forms; protean.

Multivious

Mul*tiv"i*ous (?), a. & adv. [L. multivius; multus many + via way.] Having many ways or roads; by many ways. [Obs.]

Multivocal

Mul*tiv"o*cal (?), a. [Multi- + vocal.] Signifying many different things; of manifold meaning; equivocal. "An ambiguous multivocal word." Coleridge. -- n. A multivocal word. [R.] Fitzed. Hall.

Multocular

Mul*toc"u*lar (?), a. [Multi- + L. oculus eye.] Having many eyes, or more than two.

Multum

Mul"tum (?), n. An extract of quassia licorice, fraudulently used by brewers in order to economize malt and hops. Craig. Hard multum, a preparation made from Cocculus Indicus, etc., used to impart an intoxicating quality to beer.

Multungulate

Mul*tun"gu*late (?), a. [Multi- + ungulate.] Having many hoofs.

Multure

Mul"ture (?), n. [OF. multure, moulture, F. mouture, fr. L. molitura a grinding, molere to grind. See Mill the machine.]

1. (Scots Law) The toll for grinding grain. Erskine.

2. A grist or grinding; the grain ground.

Mum

Mum (?), a. [Of imitative origin. Cf. Mumble.] Silent; not speaking. Thackeray.
The citizens are mum, and speak not a word. Shak.

Mum

Mum, interj. Be silent! Hush!
Mum, then, and no more. Shak.

Mum

Mum, n. Silence. [R.] Hudibras.

Mum

Mum, n. [G. mummere, fr. Christian Mumme, who first brewed it in 1492.] A sort of strong beer, originally made in Brunswick, Germany. Addison.
The clamorous crowd is hushed with mugs of mum. Pope.

Mumble

Mum"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mumbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mumbling (?).] [OE. momelen; cf. D. mompelen, mommelen, G. mummelen, Sw. mumla, Dan. mumle. Cf. Mum, a., Mumm, Mump, v.]

1. To speak with the lips partly closed, so as to render the sounds inarticulate and imperfect; to utter words in a grumbling indistinct manner, indicating discontent or displeasure; to mutter.

Peace, you mumbling fool. Shak.
A wrinkled hag, with age grown double, Picking dry sticks, and mumbling to herself. Otway.

2. To chew something gently with closed lips.


Page 954

Mumble

Mum"ble (?), v. t.

1. To utter with a low, inarticulate voice. Bp. Hall.

2. To chew or bite gently, as one without teeth.

Gums unarmed, to mumble meat in vain. Dryden.

3. To suppress, or utter imperfectly.

Mumblenews

Mum"ble*news` (?), n. A talebearer. [Obs.]

Mumbler

Mum"bler (?), n. One who mumbles.

Mumbling

Mum"bling (?), a. Low; indistinct; inarticulate. -- Mum"bling*ly, adv.

Mumbo Jumbo

Mum"bo Jum`bo (?). An object of superstitious homage and fear. Carlyle.
The miserable Mumbo Jumbo they paraded. Dickens.

Mum-chance

Mum"-chance` (?), n.

1. A game of hazard played with cards in silence. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Decker.

2. A silent, stupid person. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Mum-chance

Mum"-chance`, a. Silent and idle. [Colloq.]
Boys can't sit mum-chance always. J. H. Ewing.

Mumm

Mumm (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Mummed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Mumming.] [D. mimmen to mask, mom a mask; akin to G. mumme disguise; prob. of imitative origin, and akin to E. mum, mumble, in allusion to the indistinctness of speech occasioned by talking from behind a mask. Cf. Mumble, Mummery.] To sport or make diversion in a mask or disguise; to mask.
With mumming and with masking all around. Spenser.

Is any merry Jas. v. 13.

10. In any surface prepared with indentations, perforations, or grooves, that part of the surface which is not so treated, as the level part of a millstone between the furrows, or the surface of the bore of a rifled gun between the grooves. Land agent, a person employed to sell or let land, to collect rents, and to attend to other money matters connected with land. -- Land boat, a vehicle on wheels propelled by sails. -- Land blink, a peculiar atmospheric brightness seen from sea over distant snow-covered land in arctic regions. See Ice blink. -- Land breeze. See under Breeze. -- Land chain. See Gunter's chain. -- Land crab (Zo\'94l.), any one of various species of crabs which live much on the land, and resort to the water chiefly for the purpose of breeding. They are abundant in the West Indies and South America. Some of them grow to a large size. -- Land fish a fish on land; a person quite out of place.Shak. -- Land force, a military force serving on land, as distinguished from a naval force. -- Land, ho! (Naut.), a sailor's cry in announcing sight of land. -- Land ice, a field of ice adhering to the coast, in distinction from a floe. -- Land leech (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of blood-sucking leeches, which, in moist, tropical regions, live on land, and are often troublesome to man and beast. -- Land measure, the system of measurement used in determining the area of land; also, a table of areas used in such measurement. -- Land, ∨ House, of bondage, in Bible history, Egypt; by extension, a place or condition of special oppression. -- Land o' cakes, Scotland. -- Land of Nod, sleep. -- Land of promise, in Bible history, Canaan: by extension, a better country or condition of which one has expectation. -- Land of steady habits, a nickname sometimes given to the State of Connecticut. -- Land office, a government office in which the entries upon, and sales of, public land are registered, and other business respecting the public lands is transacted. [U.S.] -- Land pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The gray pike, or sauger. (b) The Menobranchus. -- Land service, military service as distinguished from naval service. -- Land rail. (Zo\'94l) (a) The crake or corncrake of Europe. See Crake. (b) An Australian rail (Hypot\'91nidia Phillipensis); -- called also pectoral rail. -- Land scrip, a certificate that the purchase money for a certain portion of the public land has been paid to the officer entitled to receive it. [U.S.] -- Land shark, a swindler of sailors on shore. [Sailors' Cant] -- Land side (a) That side of anything in or on the sea, as of an island or ship, which is turned toward the land. (b) The side of a plow which is opposite to the moldboard and which presses against the unplowed land. -- Land snail (Zo\'94l.), any snail which lives on land, as distinguished from the aquatic snails are Pulmonifera, and belong to the Geophila; but the operculated land snails of warm countries are Di\'d2cia, and belong to the T\'91nioglossa. See Geophila, and Helix. -- Land spout, a descent of cloud and water in a conical form during the occurrence of a tornado and heavy rainfall on land. -- Land steward, a person who acts for another in the management of land, collection of rents, etc. -- Land tortoise, Land turtle (Zo\'94l.), any tortoise that habitually lives on dry land, as the box tortoise. See Tortoise. -- Land warrant, a certificate from the Land Office, authorizing a person to assume ownership of a public land. [U.S.] -- Land wind. Same as Land breeze (above). -- To make land (Naut.), to sight land. To set the land, to see by the compass how the land bears from the ship. -- To shut in the land, to hide the land, as when fog, or an intervening island, obstructs the view.

To you th' inheritance belongs by right Of brother's praise; to you eke Spenser.